Miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-on-fire antenna and antenna array

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-on-fire antenna and an antenna array, the antenna comprises four layers of metal and three layers of dielectric substrates, the uppermost layer is a first metal layer, and a first dielectric substrate, a second metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a third metal layer, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth metal layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the first metal layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna and comprises a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are metal substrates, the edges of the two metal substrates are provided with corresponding semicircular notches and are provided with a plurality of via holes, the second dielectric substrate is embedded into a hole column between the second metal layer and the third metal layer, and the fourth metal layer is a transmission line. And the bore log is coupled to the second metal layer through the semicircular gap, and is in feed connection through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer. According to the millimeter wave antenna, the problems of large size, too narrow bandwidth and too small maximum gain of the existing millimeter wave antenna are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and antenna array. Background Art

[0002] The 5G mobile communication era is an era of interconnection of all things. The technical advantages of ultra-high speed, low latency, high reliability and large bandwidth will establish new business standards for various fields such as unmanned driving, smart cities, virtual reality, industrial Internet, etc. However, at this stage, the deployment of communication systems is mainly concentrated in low-frequency bands. Spectrum resources below 6GHz are already quite scarce, with a maximum bandwidth of only 100MHz and a transmission rate of no more than 1Gbps. This undoubtedly cannot meet the future 5G business demand for large-bandwidth spectrum resources. Expanding the frequency band range from below 6GHz to the millimeter wave band and utilizing the rich spectrum resources of the millimeter wave band will greatly make up for the shortage of spectrum resources for 5G. In addition, the millimeter wave band has the advantages of low latency, high reliability and strong anti-interference ability, which will further expand the application scope and development space of 5G.

[0003] Millimeter wave antennas are key components in millimeter wave wireless communication systems, and their performance has a significant impact on the entire communication system. However, current millimeter wave antennas still have problems such as large size, narrow bandwidth, and small maximum gain that need to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and antenna array, aiming to overcome the problems of existing millimeter-wave antennas such as large size, narrow bandwidth and small maximum gain.

[0005] A miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna of the present invention comprises four layers of metal and three layers of dielectric substrates, the topmost layer being a first metal layer, followed in sequence by a first dielectric substrate, a second metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a third metal layer, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna comprising a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are both metal substrates, corresponding semicircular notches are provided at the edges of the two metal substrates, and a plurality of vias are provided, a hole column is embedded in the second dielectric substrate between the second metal layer and the third metal layer, the fourth metal layer is a transmission line and is provided with a via, the hole column is coupled to the second metal layer through the semicircular notch, and is fed through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the symmetrical dipole antenna has a width of 0.2-0.5 mm and a length of 4-6 mm.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the transmission line of the symmetrical dipole antenna is divided into two branch lines, wherein the right branch line first transmits to the right, then transmits forward, and finally transmits to the left, so that a phase difference of 180° is formed between the two branch lines.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the length of the metal substrate is 4.5-6 mm and the width is 1.4-2.2 mm.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the radius of the semicircular notch is 0.4-0.5 mm.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the via radius of the second metal layer and the third metal layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the hole spacing is 0.55-0.7 mm.

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the transmission line of the fourth metal layer is 50Ω, and a section of 100Ω transmission line is provided in the center thereof.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the fourth metal layer is coupled to the second metal layer through a via hole with a radius of 0.15-0.4 mm.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the thickness ranges of the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are 0.127-0.254 mm, 1.570-1.580 mm and 0.127-0.254 mm respectively, and the thickness of the four metal layers is 0.030-0.040 mm.

[0014] A miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array of the present invention is composed of the above-mentioned miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna as a unit and adopts a 1x4 unit structure, and the spacing between each unit is 6.0-7.5mm.

[0015] The present invention provides a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and antenna array, with an application frequency band of 25-35 GHz, a dual-polarization bandwidth of up to 18%-26%, a maximum gain of up to 9.8-11 dB, and a unit volume of the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna of 2.232*5.2*2.72 mm 3 When the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, the unit volume is less than 0.03 wavelength. 3 ; The unit volume of the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna is 2.232*24.1*2.72mm 3 When the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, the array volume is less than 0.15 wavelength. 3In summary, the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and antenna array of the present invention overcome the problems of the existing millimeter wave antennas, such as large size, narrow bandwidth and small maximum gain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first metal layer of the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the fourth metal layer of the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna via in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a simulation result diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A gain curve diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 (a) is a vertical polarization beam scanning diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 (b) is a horizontal polarization beam scanning diagram of the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0026] In addition, if the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "multiple" appears, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly defined. In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna unit is as follows Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes four layers of metal and three layers of dielectric substrates, the topmost layer is the first metal layer 1, and downwards are the first dielectric substrate 3, the second metal layer 4, the second dielectric substrate 5, the third metal layer 6, the third dielectric substrate 7 and the fourth metal layer 8, wherein the first metal layer 1 is a symmetrical dipole antenna, including a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line, the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 are both metal substrates, the edges of the two metal substrates are provided with corresponding semicircular notches, and a plurality of vias are provided, a hole column 9 is embedded in the second dielectric substrate 5 between the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6, the fourth metal layer 8 is a transmission line, and is provided with a via, and a hole column 10 is coupled to the second metal layer 4 through the semicircular notch, and is connected through the rectangular waveguide feeding of the first metal layer 1.

[0029] The symmetrical dipole antenna in the first metal layer 1 has a width of 0.2-0.5 mm and a length of 4-6 mm.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission line (50 ohms) of the symmetrical dipole antenna in the first metal layer 1 is divided into two branch lines 2 (100 ohms), wherein the right branch line is first transmitted to the right through the transmission line, then transmitted forward through the transmission line, and finally transmitted to the left through the transmission line, so that a phase difference of 180° is formed between the two branch lines.

[0031] The length of the two metal substrates, the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6, is 4.5-6 mm, and the width is 1.4-2.2 mm.

[0032] The radius of the semicircular notch provided on the two metal substrates of the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 is 0.4-0.5 mm.

[0033] The via radius of the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the hole spacing is 0.55-0.7 mm.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the transmission line of the fourth metal layer 8 is 50 ohms, and the transmission line with a transmission distance in the center is 100 ohms.

[0035] The fourth metal layer 8 is coupled to the second metal layer 4 through a via hole with a radius of 0.15-0.4 mm.

[0036] The thicknesses of the first dielectric substrate 3, the second dielectric substrate 5 and the third dielectric substrate 7 are respectively in the range of 0.127-0.254 mm, 1.570-1.580 mm and 0.127-0.254 mm, and the thicknesses of the four metal layers are all 0.030-0.040 mm.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the antenna unit is composed of four layers of metal and three layers of dielectric substrate. The top layer is a symmetrical vibrator antenna with a width of 0.27mm and a length of 5.2mm. Its rear end is fed by a rectangular waveguide, and a transmission line with a width of 0.76mm (50 ohms) is used for signal transmission. The transmission line is divided into two branches with a width of 0.22mm. Among them, the right branch line first transmits 1.47mm to the right through a 0.25mm wide transmission line, then transmits 0.3mm forward through a 0.1mm wide transmission line, and finally transmits 1.59mm to the left through a 0.25mm wide transmission line. This design creates a 180° phase difference between the two branches, thereby supporting the radiation of the symmetrical vibrator.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 are both metal substrates with a length of 5.2 mm and a width of 1.5 mm, and a circular area with a radius of 0.45 mm is cut forward from the center of the front end. The rear end of the substrate is provided with seven vias with a radius of 0.15 mm and a spacing of 0.68 mm.

[0039] The fourth metal layer 8 is a transmission line with a width of 0.76 mm (50 ohms) and a length of 1.9 mm, with a 0.12 mm transmission line in the center. The front end is coupled to the metal substrate of the second layer through a via hole with a radius of 0.25 mm and connected through a rectangular waveguide feed.

[0040] The heights of the dielectric material (Rogers 5880) used between the four metal layers, the first dielectric substrate 3, the second dielectric substrate 5 and the third dielectric substrate 7, are 0.254 mm, 1.575 mm and 0.254 mm respectively, while the thickness of the metal layers is the common 0.035 mm.

[0041] In another embodiment, the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array is composed of the above-mentioned miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna as a unit, and adopts a 1x4 unit structure, and the spacing between each unit is 6-7.5mm. Preferably, the spacing between each unit is 6.3mm.

[0042] In order to further illustrate the good performance of the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and array of the present invention, modeling and simulation of this embodiment are performed.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a simulation result diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna unit in this embodiment. Figure 5 It can be seen that the dual-polarization bandwidth is 27 GHz-34.8 GHz, that is, 25.2%.

[0044] Figure 6 : is a gain curve diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna unit in this embodiment, Figure 6 It can be seen that the maximum gain of dual-polarization at 29 GHz is 9.8 dB / 10.3 dB.

[0045] From the structure, it is easy to know that the unit volume is 2.232*5.2*2.72mm 3 , and the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, so the unit volume is less than 0.03 wavelength 3 .

[0046] From the structure, it is easy to know that the unit volume is 2.232*25.3*2.72mm 3, and the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, so the array volume is less than 0.15 wavelength 3 .

[0047] Figure 7 This is a simulation result diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna array in this embodiment. As shown in Figure (a), the scanning angle at 29GHz with vertical polarization greater than 7dBi is ±40°. As shown in Figure (b), the scanning angle at 29GHz with horizontal polarization greater than 7dBi is ±50°.

[0048] The present invention provides a miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and antenna array, with an application frequency band of 25-35 GHz, a dual-polarization bandwidth of up to 18%-26%, a maximum gain of up to 9.8-11 dB, and a unit volume of the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna of 2.232*5.2*2.72 mm 3 When the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, the unit volume is less than 0.03 wavelength. 3 ; The unit volume of the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna is 2.232*24.1*2.72mm 3 When the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, the array volume is less than 0.15 wavelength. 3 In summary, the miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna and antenna array of the present invention overcome the problems of the existing millimeter wave antennas, such as large size, narrow bandwidth and small maximum gain.

[0049] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna, characterized in that: It includes four layers of metal and three layers of dielectric substrates, the top layer is the first metal layer, and the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate, the third metal layer, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth metal layer are arranged downward in sequence, wherein the first metal layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna, including a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are both metal substrates, the edges of the two metal substrates are provided with corresponding semicircular notches, and a plurality of vias are provided, a hole column is embedded in the second dielectric substrate between the second metal layer and the third metal layer, the fourth metal layer is a transmission line, and is provided with a via, the hole column is coupled to the second metal layer through the semicircular notch, and is fed through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer.

2. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The symmetrical dipole antenna has a width of 0.2-0.5 mm and a length of 4-6 mm.

3. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission line of the symmetrical dipole antenna is divided into two branch lines, wherein the right branch line first transmits to the right, then transmits forward, and finally transmits to the left, so that a phase difference of 180° is formed between the two branch lines.

4. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal substrate has a length of 4.5-6 mm and a width of 1.4-2.2 mm.

5. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radius of the semicircular notch is 0.4-0.5 mm.

6. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The via radius of the second metal layer and the third metal layer is 0.1-0.2mm, and the hole spacing is 0.55-0.7mm.

7. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission line of the fourth metal layer is 50 Ω , and in the center there is a 100 Ω transmission line.

8. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth metal layer is coupled to the second metal layer through a via hole with a radius of 0.15-0.4 mm.

9. The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness ranges of the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are 0.127-0.254 mm, 1.570-1.580 mm and 0.127-0.254 mm respectively, and the thickness of the four metal layers is 0.030-0.040 mm.

10. A miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-fire antenna array, characterized in that: The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna is composed of the unit described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and adopts a 1x4 unit structure, and the spacing between each unit is 6-7.5mm.

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