Floating type photovoltaic system generating capacity estimation method and device and computer equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a floating type photovoltaic system generating capacity estimation method and device and computer equipment. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring design specifications and site coordinate information of a photovoltaic power station, and determining an installation inclination angle range and basic parameters; calculating arrangement distances under different installation inclination angles, determining an optimal installation inclination angle and an optimal arrangement distance, calculating power generation amounts under different installation heights, and determining the highest power generation amount and the corresponding optimal installation height so as to obtain an optimal arrangement working condition; based on the optimal arrangement working condition, constructing a floating body simulation model, and calculating to obtain a total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea-land system in a regular wave swing period; and obtaining the generating capacity of the offshore floating photovoltaic system according to the maximum generating capacity and the total radiant energy ratio. By implementing the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the limitation that only the land photovoltaic system technology is researched in the past can be solved, and the design and optimization of a sea light system are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a method, a device and a computer device for estimating the power generation of a floating photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is one of the important ways to achieve my country's "dual carbon" strategic goals. It has the advantages of easy installation, clean and pollution-free, and wide applicability. However, with the continuous increase in photovoltaic installed capacity, the land resources suitable for the construction of photovoltaic power stations are becoming increasingly scarce. Offshore photovoltaic systems have emerged because they do not occupy land resources. As one of the main forms of offshore photovoltaic systems, floating photovoltaic systems have the advantages of easy access to strong solar irradiance, convenient mobility, and seawater cooling, and have become a research hotspot in the photovoltaic industry.

[0003] However, the current research on the influencing factors of sea-based photovoltaic systems is not comprehensive. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new method to accurately estimate the power generation of sea-based photovoltaic systems by studying the optimal arrangement of photovoltaic systems and the impact of waves on the swing angle of floating bodies. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method, device and computer equipment for estimating the power generation of a floating photovoltaic system.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for estimating power generation of a floating photovoltaic system, comprising: Obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station, and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; Calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system is obtained according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

[0006] Its further technical solution is: the basic parameters include the geographical location information of the photovoltaic system installation, the reflectivity of the site area, the component installation type of the photovoltaic system, the direction of the photovoltaic array, the number of photovoltaic array arrangements, and the inverter type.

[0007] A further technical solution is as follows: the installation inclination angle range is preferably 10°~20°.

[0008] Its further technical solution is: the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles is calculated, the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing are determined, and then the power generation under different installation heights is calculated, the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height are determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; including: Based on the principle that there is no shadow between photovoltaic arrays around 9:00-15:00 of the true solar time on the winter solstice, the arrangement spacing corresponding to different installation inclination angles is calculated respectively; According to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined; According to the optimal installation inclination angle, the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition.

[0009] The further technical solution is: according to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined, including: According to the initial value of the installation inclination angle, the corresponding initial value of the arrangement spacing is calculated, and the initial power generation is simulated by the photovoltaic system design software in combination with the basic parameters; Adjust the installation inclination angle, calculate the corresponding arrangement spacing, simulate the new power generation, and compare it with the initial power generation; Within the range of installation inclination angles, repeat the above steps, traverse all installation inclination angles, and compare them with the relatively high power generation before to determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing.

[0010] Its further technical solution is: according to the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition, including: According to the optimal installation inclination angle, optimal arrangement spacing and basic parameters, the power generation at the initial installation height is simulated by the photovoltaic system design software to obtain the initial power generation; Adjust the installation height and simulate the new power generation ， And compare with the initial power generation; Repeat the above steps, traverse all installation heights, and compare them with the previous relatively high power generation to determine the highest power generation to obtain the corresponding optimal installation height.

[0011] The further technical solution is: based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period, including: Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model was constructed using the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period was calculated; Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground within the swing period of the regular wave is calculated; The total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system is compared with the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground, so as to obtain the ratio of the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the swing period of the regular wave.

[0012] Its further technical solution is: based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed through the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period is calculated as follows: ;in, W 1 is the swing period T The total radiation energy received by the surface of the internal photovoltaic system; I n is the radiant energy reaching the earth's surface; T is the regular wave period; θ is the incident angle of sunlight; r 1 is the sea surface reflectivity; H is the solar altitude angle; α is the swing angle of the floating body under the influence of regular waves; β For the best installation angle.

[0013] The present invention also provides a device for estimating power generation of an offshore floating photovoltaic system, comprising: The acquisition module is used to obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; The optimal arrangement working condition calculation module is used to calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; The total radiation energy ratio calculation module is used to build a floating body simulation model based on the optimal arrangement working condition, and calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation estimation module is used to obtain the power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

[0014] The present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above method when executing the computer program.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention comprehensively explores the power generation of photovoltaic systems under different arrangement conditions, the method is simple and convenient, and the optimal arrangement parameters can be determined efficiently; based on the optimal working conditions, the influence of waves of different periods or wave heights on the swing angle of the floating body of the floating photovoltaic system is quantitatively analyzed, which overcomes the limitation of previous technical exploration of only land-based photovoltaic systems, and is helpful for the design and optimization of future marine photovoltaic systems; by comparing the irradiance received by the components of the marine and land photovoltaic systems and their power generation, it is convenient to improve the efficiency of measuring the potential of the offshore photovoltaic system and intuitively reflect the differences between the marine and land photovoltaic systems.

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for determining an optimal installation inclination angle and an optimal arrangement spacing provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for determining an optimal installation height provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a floating body plane simulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the relationship between the total radiation energy ratio η and the floating body swing inclination angle α under the optimal arrangement working condition provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of a floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0022] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method is based on the optimal working condition and quantitatively analyzes the influence of waves of different periods or wave heights on the swing angle of the floating photovoltaic system float, overcoming the limitation of previous technical research on land-based photovoltaic systems.

[0024] Specifically, the design specifications and site coordinates of the photovoltaic power station are obtained to determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; the arrangement spacing and power generation under different installation inclinations are calculated to find the maximum power generation and determine the optimal installation inclination and arrangement spacing; based on the optimal installation inclination and arrangement spacing, the photovoltaic system design software is used to calculate the power generation under different installation heights, find the highest power generation and determine the optimal installation height to obtain the optimal arrangement condition; based on the optimal arrangement condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed to analyze the impact of waves on the swing angle of the floating body; the total radiation energy received by the offshore photovoltaic system within a regular wave period is calculated and compared with the radiation energy of the ground system to obtain the total radiation energy ratio; the power generation under different installation inclinations, arrangement spacings and installation heights is simulated and calculated, and various parameters are optimized; in the photovoltaic system design software, the power generation is optimized by adjusting various parameters such as inclination, arrangement spacing and height; finally, the power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system is accurately estimated by calculating the optimal installation inclination, arrangement spacing and installation height.

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps S101 to S104.

[0026] S101. Obtain design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station, and determine the installation inclination angle range and basic parameters.

[0027] In one embodiment, the installation inclination range is determined according to the design specifications of the photovoltaic power station, and the reflectivity of the selected site area is estimated according to the site coordinate information; the basic parameters include the geographical location information of the photovoltaic system installation, the reflectivity of the site area, the component installation type of the photovoltaic system, the orientation of the photovoltaic array, the number of photovoltaic array arrangements, and the inverter type.

[0028] Specifically, the photovoltaic power station design specification refers to the standards or regulations for the design of photovoltaic power generation systems, including system design requirements, equipment selection, installation specifications, etc. It provides technical specifications and design guidelines that should be followed during the construction of photovoltaic power stations to ensure the safety, efficiency and feasibility of the system. For example, the specification may specify the maximum power of photovoltaic modules, inverter selection requirements, photovoltaic array arrangement, etc.

[0029] In an embodiment, this specification also involves determining the range of the installation inclination angle. Different geographical locations and installation environments may have different optimal installation inclination angles, and the design specification provides information on how to determine the appropriate installation inclination angle based on these factors.

[0030] Site coordinate information refers to the geographic coordinate information of the specific construction site of the photovoltaic power station, including longitude and latitude. Site coordinate information is crucial for designing photovoltaic systems because it determines the solar radiation of the photovoltaic array, the orientation of the photovoltaic system, the installation angle, and the estimated climate conditions (such as light intensity, wind speed, precipitation, etc.).

[0031] Based on the site coordinates, it is possible to further analyze the solar radiation conditions in the area and estimate factors such as reflectivity. For example, in ocean or desert areas, the surface reflectivity is high, while in urban or vegetated areas, the reflectivity may be low.

[0032] The range of installation inclination angles includes: The installation inclination angle refers to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module relative to the ground. The installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic system has a great influence on its power generation performance. The optimal inclination angle can maximize the absorption effect of the photovoltaic array on solar radiation. The geographical location, seasonal changes and weather conditions of different regions will affect the optimal installation inclination angle.

[0033] By analyzing the site coordinate information, designers can estimate the solar radiation conditions in the area and determine a reasonable installation tilt angle range. In an embodiment, the design specification provides a reasonable tilt angle range (e.g., 10° to 20°) to ensure that the photovoltaic module can maximize power generation efficiency in most cases.

[0034] The geographical location information of the photovoltaic system installation refers to the detailed geographical information of the photovoltaic power generation system construction site, including geographical coordinates, climate conditions, solar radiation intensity, etc. The geographical location will affect the sunshine time, solar altitude angle, etc., and thus affect the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic system.

[0035] Site area reflectivity refers to the surface reflectivity of the area where the photovoltaic power station is located (such as the reflectivity of the desert, ocean, city or grassland). Areas with high reflectivity (such as ocean and snow) will increase the radiation energy received by the photovoltaic modules, thus affecting the calculation of power generation.

[0036] The component installation type of the photovoltaic system includes the specifications and type (monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, etc.) of the photovoltaic panels, and the component layout method (fixed or tracking). These parameters will affect the power generation efficiency and cost of the system.

[0037] PV array orientation refers to the installation direction of the PV array relative to the south direction. In order to maximize sunlight exposure, the PV array usually needs to face the equator (south direction in the northern hemisphere and north direction in the southern hemisphere).

[0038] The number of photovoltaic arrays refers to the number of photovoltaic modules arranged. The array arrangement method needs to take into account the space limitations of the site and the overall layout of the photovoltaic system to ensure that there is no shading between the modules.

[0039] An inverter is a device that converts direct current (DC) generated by photovoltaic modules into alternating current (AC). Different types of inverters (such as central inverters or string inverters) affect the efficiency, reliability and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic system.

[0040] These basic parameters jointly determine the design of the photovoltaic power station, affecting the overall performance, economic benefits and long-term stability of the system. Therefore, accurate site information and design specifications are prerequisites for ensuring the efficient operation of the photovoltaic system.

[0041] In one embodiment, the installation inclination angle range is preferably 10°~20°.

[0042] S102, calculating the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determining the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculating the power generation under different installation heights, determining the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition.

[0043] In this embodiment, the installation inclination of the photovoltaic system has a great impact on the power generation because it determines the receiving angle of solar radiation. The arrangement spacing refers to the horizontal and vertical spacing between photovoltaic arrays. The arrangement spacing needs to be adjusted according to the installation inclination of the photovoltaic array to avoid shadows between the arrays and ensure that each photovoltaic module can receive sufficient sunlight most of the time.

[0044] The shadow shielding principle means that in order to ensure the power generation efficiency of the system, shadow shielding during the winter solstice (the shortest day of the year) needs to be considered. The solar altitude angle is the lowest on the winter solstice, so it is the most demanding situation. By calculating the arrangement spacing of the photovoltaic array at different installation inclination angles, it is possible to avoid shadowing at noon in winter, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic array receives the maximum amount of sunlight.

[0045] In one embodiment, according to the principle that there is no shadow blocking between photovoltaic arrays around 9:00-15:00 true solar time on the winter solstice, the arrangement spacings corresponding to different installation inclination angles are calculated respectively.

[0046] According to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined; In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 The method includes the following steps S201 to S206.

[0047] S201. According to the initial value of the installation inclination β i , calculate the corresponding initial value of the arrangement spacing D i , combined with basic parameters, the initial power generation is obtained through simulation of photovoltaic system design softwareP i ; where i is a positive integer, β i , D i , P i are the installation inclination angle, spacing, and power generation in the i-th state respectively.

[0048] S202. Adjust the installation angle β i+1 ; S203. Calculate the corresponding arrangement spacing D i+1 , the new power generation is obtained through the simulation of photovoltaic system design software P i+1 ; S204. The new power generation P i+1 With initial power generation P i contrast; S205. Within the installation inclination range, traverse all installation inclinations, repeat the above steps S202 to S204, and compare with the relatively high power generation before; S206. Determine the maximum power generation P’ And the corresponding optimal installation angle β and optimal spacing D .

[0049] In one embodiment, in order to simplify the steps and improve the optimization efficiency, the installation inclination angle can be adjusted in degrees. The initial value of the installation inclination angle is 10 degrees, and the installation inclination angle is adjusted to 11 degrees, and so on.

[0050] Specifically, assuming the initial value is 10 degrees, a smaller inclination angle is usually selected to start with so as to adjust gradually.

[0051] The arrangement spacing is related to the installation inclination angle and needs to be adjusted according to the change of the inclination angle. At a larger inclination angle, the shading problem of the photovoltaic array is more serious, so the arrangement spacing needs to be increased. This value is usually calculated based on an empirical formula or using photovoltaic design software.

[0052] The power generation effect at different inclination angles can be tested by gradually increasing the installation inclination angle. For example, the initial inclination angle is adjusted from 10 degrees to 11 degrees, and then gradually increased until the maximum inclination angle range required by the design is reached.

[0053] For each new inclination β i+1 , you need to calculate the corresponding arrangement spacing D i+1, ensuring that shadows between arrays are minimized at different installation angles.

[0054] Recalculate new energy production using PV system design software P i+1 , to see whether the power generation increases with changes in installation inclination and arrangement spacing.

[0055] Compare the power generation after each adjustment with the previously calculated power generation to find the higher power generation. This can screen out the optimal installation inclination angle and arrangement spacing.

[0056] Within the installation inclination range (e.g., 10 to 30 degrees), all inclinations are traversed and the above steps (S202 to S204) are repeated to find the optimal inclination. Each time, the newly calculated power generation is compared with the previous optimal power generation to ensure the maximum power generation.

[0057] After calculating and comparing all the installation inclination angles, the inclination angle with the largest power generation and the corresponding arrangement spacing are selected as the optimal configuration. Through this step, the optimal installation inclination angle β and the optimal arrangement spacing D are found, that is, under this configuration, the system can achieve the highest power generation efficiency.

[0058] To improve optimization efficiency and simplify steps, the installation inclination angle can be adjusted in degrees. For example, adjust 1 degree each time, starting from 10 degrees, then 11 degrees, 12 degrees, etc. This allows you to quickly find the best installation inclination angle through a limited number of calculations and save calculation time.

[0059] According to the optimal installation inclination angle, the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition.

[0060] The installation height usually refers to the height of the photovoltaic array from the ground. It is usually closely related to the arrangement spacing, because increasing the installation height helps reduce shadowing, while also improving the ventilation and heat dissipation of the photovoltaic modules and reducing the impact of temperature on power generation efficiency. Based on the optimal installation inclination and arrangement spacing, the optimal installation height is further determined by the photovoltaic system design software. In some cases, the optimal installation height may need to consider factors such as terrain undulations, wind speed and structural strength.

[0061] Through the above calculation and optimization process, the final "optimal arrangement condition" is: Optimal installation inclination: enables the photovoltaic array to receive maximum solar radiation throughout the year.

[0062] Optimal arrangement spacing: Ensures that there is no shadow between arrays and improves the space utilization efficiency of the system.

[0063] Optimal installation height: Optimize the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions of the array to reduce the negative impact of temperature on power generation efficiency.

[0064] These parameters work together to ensure that the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station is maximized, thereby improving the economic benefits and sustainability of the system.

[0065] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The method includes the following steps S301 to S306.

[0066] S301. According to the best installation angle β and optimal spacing D As well as basic parameters, the initial installation height is simulated by photovoltaic system design software h j The power generation under the condition of P j ; where j is a positive integer, h j , P j are the installation height and power generation in the jth state respectively.

[0067] S302. Adjust the installation height h j+1 ; S303. Simulate and obtain new power generation P j+1 ; S304. The new power generation P j+1 With initial power generation P j contrast; S305. Traverse all installation heights, repeat the above steps S302 to S304, and compare with the previous relatively high power generation; S306. Determine the maximum power generation P to obtain the corresponding optimal installation height.

[0068] In this embodiment, the initial power generation Pj and the initial power generation Pi belong to the same parameter, both referring to power generation, but one is the power generation in the i-th state, and the other is the power generation in the j-th state, belonging to two embodiments.

[0069] In one embodiment, the installation height is between 0 and 3 m.

[0070] Specifically, it is necessary to first determine the optimal installation inclination angle β and the optimal arrangement spacing D. Next, the power generation under the current configuration is simulated by photovoltaic system design software (such as PVsyst).

[0071] In addition to the installation inclination angle β and the arrangement spacing D, some basic parameters need to be considered during simulation, such as the geographical location (latitude and longitude) of the site, climate data (such as radiation intensity and temperature), the model of photovoltaic modules, the characteristics of the inverter, etc. These parameters are crucial to the estimation of power generation.

[0072] The initial installation height is usually selected to a suitable initial value. For example, the installation height may vary from 0.5 meters to 3 meters. Assume that the initial height is h j = 1.0 m, PVsyst will use this height to calculate the preliminary power generation Pj.

[0073] Based on these parameters, the PVsyst software can simulate the system power generation at the initial installation height and obtain the preliminary power generation P j .

[0074] The simulated initial power generation P j will be used as a reference. Then, increase the installation height by 1 unit, for example from h j = 1.0 m adjusted to h j+1 = 1.5 meters. The height range of adjustment is usually selected according to the actual situation of the project, and generally should not exceed 3 meters, otherwise it may increase the cost.

[0075] After adjusting the installation height, the position of the photovoltaic array changes, which may affect the ventilation, lighting and shadow shielding effect of the array. Therefore, every time the height is adjusted, the power generation efficiency of the system needs to be re-evaluated.

[0076] After adjusting the installation height, use PV system design software (such as PVsyst) to simulate the power generation again. At different installation heights, factors such as shading between PV modules, air flow and temperature will be different, so the power generation will change. At this time, PVsyst will calculate the new power generation P j+1 and provide data for subsequent comparisons.

[0077] In this step, the newly simulated power generation P j+1 With the initial power generation P j Compare and evaluate whether the power generation effect of the new installation height is improved. If the new power generation P j+1 Greater than the initial power generation P j , it means that increasing the installation height may have a positive impact on power generation.

[0078] Next, different values ​​of the installation height are traversed, and steps S302 to S304 are repeated. After each adjustment of the installation height, PVsyst simulates the new power generation and compares it with the previous power generation.

[0079] For example: From the initial height hj = 1.0 m, adjust to h j+1 = 1.5 m, simulate power generation. Then adjust to h j+2 = 2.0 m, and simulate the new power generation again. Keep adjusting the installation height, and gradually get the power generation at different installation heights, until the power generation in all height ranges is evaluated. In this process, compare the power generation at different heights to find the maximum power generation.

[0080] After the traversal and comparison, the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height are finally determined. At this point, the photovoltaic system design has not only optimized the installation angle and arrangement spacing, but also found the most suitable installation height for the system. Through this series of optimizations, the power generation efficiency of the system can be maximized.

[0081] In addition, the range of installation height is usually set according to the specific needs of the project. Generally speaking, the installation height should be kept within a reasonable range. Too low may cause ground shading or excessive temperature, while too high may increase the cost of the structure. The specific range can be determined based on the following factors: Terrain conditions: Flat or mountainous terrain may affect the selected altitude.

[0082] Air circulation: Increasing the installation height helps dissipate heat from the photovoltaic modules, especially in high temperature environments.

[0083] Shadow effect: A higher installation height can reduce the shadows between adjacent PV modules, especially in winter or in the morning and evening.

[0084] Therefore, the installation height can range from 0.0m to 3.0m, with the specific upper and lower limits depending on project requirements and actual site conditions.

[0085] A person of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate that, in combination with the optimal arrangement conditions described in the embodiments disclosed herein, in order to ensure the maximization of the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station, whether adjusting first to obtain the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing and then adjusting to obtain the optimal installation height, or adjusting first to obtain the optimal installation height and then adjusting to obtain the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, the purpose of the present invention can be achieved. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0086] In this process, PVsyst software is one of the most commonly used photovoltaic system design tools. PVsyst software is one of the most authoritative photovoltaic system auxiliary design software. The software integrates a large number of system calculation methods, tools and formulas, such as component spacing calculation, shadow simulation, shading electrical performance analysis, power generation simulation, etc., which can more completely study, design and analyze the data of photovoltaic power generation systems. It can help photovoltaic designers optimize the system and evaluate performance. PVsyst has the following features: Automatically calculate the appropriate spacing between modules based on the size and installation angle of the PV modules. Optimize the installation location and spacing by simulating the shading effect of the array. Simulate the annual power generation of the PV system based on specific geographical location, climate conditions, module performance and other factors. Analyze the impact of shading effects caused by adjacent arrays or other buildings on power generation under different installation configurations.

[0087] Through PVsyst's detailed simulation, the performance of the system at different installation heights can be fully evaluated and the optimal design configuration can be ultimately determined.

[0088] S103, based on the optimal arrangement working condition, construct a floating body simulation model, and calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; Reference Figure 4 Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed by using the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and calculate the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period; in one embodiment, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0089] in, W 1 is the swing period T The total radiation energy received by the surface of the internal photovoltaic system; I n is the radiant energy reaching the earth's surface; T is the regular wave period; θ is the incident angle of sunlight; r 1 is the sea surface reflectivity; H is the solar altitude angle; α is the swing angle of the floating body under the influence of regular waves; β For the best installation angle.

[0090] Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground within the regular wave swing period is calculated; in one embodiment, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0091] in, W2 for the cycle T The total radiation energy received by the photovoltaic system on the ground, I n is the radiant energy reaching the earth's surface; T is the regular wave period; θ is the incident angle of sunlight; r 2 is the ground reflectivity; H is the solar altitude angle; β For the best installation angle.

[0092] Under the optimal arrangement conditions, the calculation formula for the total radiation energy ratio received by the photovoltaic system surface in the same period of the sea-land system is as follows:

[0093] in, η It is the ratio of the total radiation energy received by the photovoltaic system surface during the same period of the sea and land systems.

[0094] η The smaller the ratio, the greater the adverse impact of waves on the floating photovoltaic system. The ratio needs to be increased as much as possible in the design. Based on this ratio, the degree of adverse impact of waves on the floating photovoltaic system can be judged. Figure 5 Under the optimal arrangement conditions, the larger the floating body swing angle α, the smaller the total radiation energy ratio η, that is, the power generation of the floating photovoltaic system also decreases.

[0095] In one embodiment, the marine engineering floating body analysis software is preferably AQWA software. AQWA software is an integrated module in the finite element analysis software ANSYS, which can perform fluid dynamics characteristic analysis and calculation on objects of various sizes and structures. Among many wave engineering and hydrodynamic simulation software, it has a wide range of applications and high credibility.

[0096] S104: Obtain the power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

[0097] According to the highest power generation under the best arrangement conditions P and the ratio of the radiation energy received by the photovoltaic cell surface in the sea-land system η , the power generation of offshore floating photovoltaic system is estimated as follows:

[0098] The embodiment of the present invention determines the installation inclination range and basic parameters by obtaining the design specifications and site coordinates of the photovoltaic power station; determines the optimal installation inclination and the optimal arrangement spacing through different installation inclinations, arrangement spacings and power generation, and further determines the optimal installation height through different installation heights to determine the maximum power generation, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement condition, and the method is simple and convenient; based on the optimal arrangement condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed to analyze the influence of waves on the swing angle of the floating body, thereby overcoming the limitation of previous technical exploration of onshore photovoltaic systems only; by calculating the total radiation energy received by the offshore photovoltaic system within a regular wave period and comparing it with the radiation energy of the ground system, the total radiation energy ratio is obtained, and finally the power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system is accurately estimated.

[0099] Figure 6 4 is a schematic block diagram of an offshore floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device 400 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, corresponding to the above offshore floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method, the present invention also provides an offshore floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device 400. The offshore floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device 400 includes a module for executing the above offshore floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method. Figure 6 The offshore floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device 400 includes an acquisition module 401, an optimal arrangement working condition calculation module 402, a total radiation energy ratio calculation module 403 and a power generation estimation module 404.

[0100] The acquisition module 401 is used to obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; The optimal arrangement working condition calculation module 402 is used to calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; The total radiation energy ratio calculation module 403 is used to construct a floating body simulation model based on the optimal arrangement working condition, and calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea-land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation estimation module 404 is used to obtain the power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

[0101] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the specific implementation process of the above-mentioned floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device 400 and each module can refer to the corresponding description in the aforementioned method embodiment, and for the convenience and brevity of description, it will not be repeated here.

[0102] The floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation device 400 can be implemented in the form of a computer program. The computer program can be used in Figure 7 Runs on the computer device shown.

[0103] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 5 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The computer device 500 may be a server, wherein the server may be an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.

[0104] See also Figure 7 The computer device 500 includes a processor 502 , a memory and a network interface 505 connected via a system bus 501 , wherein the memory may include a non-volatile storage medium 503 and an internal memory 504 .

[0105] The non-volatile storage medium 503 can store an operating system 5031 and a computer program 5032. The computer program 5032 includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed, the processor 502 can execute a floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method.

[0106] The processor 502 is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device 500 .

[0107] The internal memory 504 provides an environment for the operation of the computer program 5032 in the non-volatile storage medium 503. When the computer program 5032 is executed by the processor 502, the processor 502 can execute a method for estimating the power generation of a floating photovoltaic system.

[0108] The network interface 505 is used to communicate with other devices over the network. Figure 7 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device 500 to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device 500 may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0109] The processor 502 is used to run the computer program 5032 stored in the memory to implement the following steps: Obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station, and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; Calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system is obtained according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

[0110] In one embodiment, the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles is calculated to determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then the power generation under different installation heights is calculated to determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; including: Based on the principle that there is no shadow between photovoltaic arrays around 9:00-15:00 of the true solar time on the winter solstice, the arrangement spacing corresponding to different installation inclination angles is calculated respectively; According to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined; According to the optimal installation inclination angle, the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition.

[0111] In one embodiment, based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea-land system within the regular wave swing period, including: Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model was constructed using the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period was calculated; Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground within the swing period of the regular wave is calculated; The total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system is compared with the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground, so as to obtain the ratio of the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the swing period of the regular wave.

[0112] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 502 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 502 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. Among them, the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0113] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the method for implementing the above embodiment can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program includes program instructions, and the computer program can be stored in a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The program instructions are executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the process steps of the embodiment of the above method.

[0114] Therefore, the present invention also provides a storage medium. The storage medium may be a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the following steps: Obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station, and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; Calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system is obtained according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

[0115] In one embodiment, the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles is calculated to determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then the power generation under different installation heights is calculated to determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; including: Based on the principle that there is no shadow between photovoltaic arrays around 9:00-15:00 of the true solar time on the winter solstice, the arrangement spacing corresponding to different installation inclination angles is calculated respectively; According to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined; According to the optimal installation inclination angle, the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition.

[0116] In one embodiment, based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea-land system within the regular wave swing period, including: Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model was constructed using the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period was calculated; Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground within the swing period of the regular wave is calculated; The total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system is compared with the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground, so as to obtain the ratio of the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the swing period of the regular wave.

[0117] The storage medium may be a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc., which are computer-readable storage media that can store program codes.

[0118] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0119] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of each module is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0120] The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be adjusted in order, combined and deleted according to actual needs. The modules in the device of the embodiment of the present invention can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0121] If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, terminal, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0122] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for estimating power generation of a floating photovoltaic system, characterized in that: include: Obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station, and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; Calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system is obtained according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

2. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic parameters include the geographical location information of the photovoltaic system installation, the reflectivity of the site area, the component installation type of the photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic array orientation, the number of photovoltaic array arrangements, and the inverter type.

3. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation inclination angle range is preferably 10°~20°.

4. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of calculating the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determining the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculating the power generation under different installation heights, determining the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; includes: Based on the principle that there is no shadow between photovoltaic arrays around 9:00-15:00 of the true solar time on the winter solstice, the arrangement spacing corresponding to different installation inclination angles is calculated respectively; According to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined; According to the optimal installation inclination angle, the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, the maximum power generation is calculated by the photovoltaic system design software, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition.

5. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maximum power generation is calculated by photovoltaic system design software according to the installation inclination angle and its corresponding arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, and then the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing are determined, including: According to the initial value of the installation inclination angle, the corresponding initial value of the arrangement spacing is calculated, and the initial power generation is simulated by the photovoltaic system design software in combination with the basic parameters; Adjust the installation inclination angle, calculate the corresponding arrangement spacing, simulate the new power generation, and compare it with the initial power generation; Within the range of installation inclination angles, repeat the above steps, traverse all installation inclination angles, and compare them with the relatively high power generation before to determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation inclination angle and optimal arrangement spacing.

6. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maximum power generation is calculated by photovoltaic system design software based on the optimal installation inclination angle, the optimal arrangement spacing and the basic parameters, and then the corresponding optimal installation height is determined to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition, including: According to the optimal installation inclination angle, optimal arrangement spacing and basic parameters, the power generation at the initial installation height is simulated by the photovoltaic system design software to obtain the initial power generation; Adjust the installation height, simulate and obtain the new power generation, and compare it with the initial power generation; Repeat the above steps, traverse all installation heights, and compare them with the previous relatively high power generation to determine the highest power generation to obtain the corresponding optimal installation height.

7. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed to calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period, including: Based on the optimal arrangement conditions, a floating body simulation model was constructed using the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period was calculated; Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground within the swing period of the regular wave is calculated; The total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system is compared with the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system on the ground, so as to obtain the ratio of the total radiation energy received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the swing period of the regular wave.

8. A floating photovoltaic system power generation estimation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the optimal arrangement working condition, a floating body simulation model is constructed by using the marine engineering floating body analysis software to obtain the floating body swing angle under the influence of regular waves, and the calculation formula for the total radiation energy received by the surface of the offshore photovoltaic system during the regular wave swing period is as follows: ;in, W 1 is the swing period T The total radiation energy received by the surface of the internal photovoltaic system; I n is the radiant energy reaching the earth's surface; T is the regular wave period; θ is the incident angle of sunlight; r 1 is the sea surface reflectivity; H is the solar altitude angle; α is the swing angle of the floating body under the influence of regular waves; β For the best installation angle.

9. A device for estimating power generation of an offshore floating photovoltaic system, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the design specifications and site coordinate information of the photovoltaic power station and determine the installation inclination range and basic parameters; The optimal arrangement working condition calculation module is used to calculate the arrangement spacing under different installation inclination angles, determine the optimal installation inclination angle and the optimal arrangement spacing, and then calculate the power generation under different installation heights, determine the maximum power generation and the corresponding optimal installation height, so as to obtain the optimal arrangement working condition; The total radiation energy ratio calculation module is used to build a floating body simulation model based on the optimal arrangement working condition, and calculate the total radiation energy ratio received by the surface of the photovoltaic system of the sea and land system within the regular wave swing period; The power generation estimation module is used to obtain the power generation of the offshore floating photovoltaic system according to the maximum power generation and the total radiation energy ratio.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

Images