Utilizing fill duration at beginning of half subframe

Abstract

In a wireless network, a frame structure may include a padding duration at the beginning of each half subframe to ensure that an integer number of symbols are adapted within the duration of the half subframe. In some aspects, to avoid wasting time domain resources, padding durations may be utilized for other purposes. For example, since a single carrier waveform is not limited to a fixed fast Fourier transform size, a wireless node may use a padding duration to transmit single carrier symbols having a length shorter than a complete symbol associated with a subcarrier spacing. Additionally or alternatively, if the wireless node is configured to transmit or receive a signal in a first symbol of a half subframe associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol, a padding duration may be used to adapt transmit power or receive gain.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of a patent application with a filing date of April 5, 2022, entitled “Utilizing a Filling Duration at the Beginning of a Half-Subframe” and application number 202280032163.0.

[0002] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0003] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 17 / 302,467, filed on May 4, 2021, entitled “UTILIZING PADDING DURATION AT START OF A HALF SUBFRAME,” and is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0004]

[0011] Generally speaking, aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications and to techniques and apparatus for utilizing a fill duration at the beginning of a half-subframe. Background Art

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard released by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0006] A wireless network may include several base stations (BSs) that can support communications for several user equipments (UEs). The UE may communicate with the BS via a downlink and an uplink. A "downlink" (or "forward link") refers to a communication link from a BS to a UE, and an "uplink" (or "reverse link") refers to a communication link from a UE to a BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, gNB, access point (AP), radio head, transmit receive point (TRP), 5G BS, 5G Node B, etc.

[0007] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, country, region, and even global level. 5G (which may also be referred to as New Radio (NR)) is an enhancement set to the LTE mobile standard released by 3GPP. 5G is designed to improve spectrum efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, utilize new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards by using OFDM (CP-OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and / or SC-FDM (e.g., also referred to as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), and supporting beamforming, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna technology and carrier aggregation, so as to better support mobile broadband Internet access. However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, there is a need for further improvement of LTE and 5G technology. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multiple access technologies and telecommunication standards that adopt these technologies. Summary of the invention

[0008] In a wireless network, a frame structure may include a padding duration at the beginning of each half-subframe to ensure that an integer number of symbols fit within the duration of the half-subframe. For example, a subframe typically has a duration of one (1) millisecond (ms), and the first symbol in each half-subframe may include an excess cyclic prefix with a fixed padding duration of 0.52 microseconds (μs) to ensure that within any subcarrier spacing, an integer number of symbols with a fifteen (15) kilohertz (kHz) digital scheme can fit within the 0.5 ms duration of the half-subframe. Typically, the number of symbols that can fit within the 0.5 ms duration of a half-subframe scales proportionally with higher subcarrier spacing (e.g., seven (7) symbols fit within the 0.5 ms duration of a half-subframe for a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing, fourteen (14) symbols fit within the 0.5 ms duration of a half-subframe for a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, twenty-eight (28) symbols fit within the 0.5 ms duration of a half-subframe for a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing, etc.). Therefore, because the extra padding duration at the beginning of each half-subframe has a fixed length of 0.52 μs regardless of the subcarrier spacing, the padding duration may exceed the length of the normal cyclic prefix at subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz or higher, and may be equal to or exceed the full symbol length at subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz or higher. As a result, because the extra padding duration represents unused resources in the time domain (other than ensuring that an integer number of symbols fit within the half-subframe), the extra padding duration may result in significant wasted overhead, particularly at higher carrier frequencies where the padding duration may approach or exceed the cyclic prefix and / or symbol length.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to techniques and apparatus for utilizing a fill duration at the beginning of a half subframe to avoid wasting resources in the time domain. For example, in some aspects, a wireless network may support communications using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform and a single carrier waveform. For example, an OFDM waveform may provide high spectral efficiency, facilitate high-order multiple input multiple output (MIMO) operations to achieve high data rates, and / or provide backward compatibility with different frequency ranges, and a single carrier waveform may be associated with a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), reduced impact of phase noise, and / or improved coverage relative to an OFDM waveform. In addition, a single carrier waveform may implement a time domain implementation without forcing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) or inverse FFT (IFFT) operation, whereby a single carrier waveform is not limited to a fixed FFT size. In some aspects, a wireless node may therefore use a fill duration to send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than a full symbol length associated with a given subcarrier spacing. For example, as described herein, a single carrier symbol may be preceded by a guard interval having a duration equal to the cyclic prefix, and the guard interval and the single carrier symbol may have a combined duration equal to a full symbol length for a given subcarrier spacing.

[0010] In this way, using the filling duration to send a shortened single carrier symbol can increase the utilization of time domain resources and / or allow delay-sensitive transmissions to be sent earlier in a half-subframe, while ensuring that another node receiving the shortened single carrier symbol can use a fixed FFT size (e.g., 4096 or 4K) to process the shortened single carrier symbol. In addition, because the duration of the guard interval is equal to the cyclic prefix and the combined duration of the guard interval and the single carrier symbol is equal to the full symbol length for a given subcarrier interval, the transmission of the single carrier symbol in the filling duration can be aligned with the OFDM subframe boundary, which enables the wireless network to dynamically switch the waveform allocated to the UE at regular intervals and / or achieve network flexibility to reallocate time and frequency resources between single carrier and OFDM / DFT-s-OFDM users at regular intervals, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0011] Additionally or alternatively, in a situation where the wireless node is configured to transmit or receive a signal in the first symbol of a half-subframe that is associated with a different power level than the previous symbol, the fill duration can be used to adapt the transmit power or receive gain. For example, in some aspects, a power change event can be triggered when a base station requests the UE to transmit using a higher power or a lower power on certain data symbols based on a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), when the UE adjusts automatic gain control to adjust to a higher or lower receive power, interference and / or noise, and / or when the UE retransmits a random access channel with an increased transmit power, etc. Therefore, in some aspects, the wireless node can be configured to implement a power change (e.g., an adjustment to the transmit power and / or receive gain) in the fill duration at the beginning of the half-subframe, so that a power transient can occur in the fill duration while the transmit power and / or receive power is stabilized by the communication hardware. In addition, utilizing the fill duration to adapt the transmit power or receive gain can provide an additional 0.52 μs to handle power transients, which can represent a significant time saving that can help meet timing requirements for power transitions.

[0012] In some aspects, a wireless node for wireless communications includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to: determine a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half subframe.

[0013] In some aspects, a wireless node for wireless communications includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to: determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol in time; and operate at the different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0014] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a wireless node includes: determining a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and sending a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe.

[0015] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a wireless node includes: determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol in time; and operating at the different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0016] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes: means for determining a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and means for sending a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe.

[0017] In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes: a unit for determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol in time; and a unit for operating at the different power level during a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0018] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a wireless node, cause the wireless node to: determine a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe.

[0019] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a wireless node, cause the wireless node to: determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; and operate at the different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0020] In summary, aspects include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication devices, and / or processing systems as fully described with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings and description.

[0021] The foregoing has been fairly broadly outlined according to the features and technical advantages of the examples of the present disclosure so that the following detailed description may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be easily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for the same purpose of achieving the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and methods of operation) and the associated advantages will be better understood according to the description below. Each of the figures in the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be a definition of limitations to the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network.

[0023] Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of communication between a base station and a UE in a wireless network.

[0024] Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of a frame structure in a wireless communication network.

[0025] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a half subframe including an excess cyclic prefix with a padding duration at the beginning of a first symbol.

[0026] Figure 5 is a diagram showing examples of symbols, cyclic prefix, and padding durations associated with different subcarrier spacings.

[0027] Figure 6A-6B is a diagram illustrating one or more examples associated with transmitting a shortened single carrier symbol preceded by a guard interval utilizing a padding duration at the beginning of a half subframe.

[0028] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with handling power transients utilizing a fill duration at the beginning of a half-subframe.

[0029] Figure 8-9 is a flow chart of an example method of wireless communication.

[0030] Figure 10-11 is a block diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications.

[0031] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of an apparatus employing a processing system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are intended to be descriptions of various configurations and are not intended to represent configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. For the purpose of providing a comprehensive understanding of each concept, the specific embodiments include specific details. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0033] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and methods. These devices and methods will be described in the detailed description below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0034] For example, an element, or any part of an element, or any combination of elements can be implemented using a "processing system" including one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform various functionalities described throughout the present disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system can execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, software should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, processes, functions, etc.

[0035] Accordingly, in one or more example embodiments, the described functions may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored or encoded on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disk ROM (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, a combination of the above-mentioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code that can be accessed by a computer in the form of instructions or data structures.

[0036] It should be noted that although various aspects may be described herein using terminology generally associated with 5G or NR radio access technologies (RATs), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RATs, 4G RATs, and / or RATs beyond 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0037] Figure 1 1 is a diagram showing a wireless network 100 in which various aspects of the present disclosure may be practiced. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and / or an LTE network, as well as other examples. The wireless network 100 may include several base stations 110 (shown as BS110a, BS110b, BS110c, and BS110d) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as a 5G BS, Node B, gNB, 5G NB, access point, transmit receive point (TRP), etc. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to a coverage area of ​​a BS and / or a BS subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0038] A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and may allow restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In Figure 1 In the example shown in , BS 110a may be a macro BS for macro cell 102a, BS 110b may be a pico BS for pico cell 102b, and BS 110c may be a femto BS for femto cell 102c. A BS may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base station", "5G BS", "gNB", "TRP", "AP", "Node B", "5G NB", and "cell" may be used interchangeably herein.

[0039] In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of the mobile BS. In some examples, the BSs may be interconnected to each other and / or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections or virtual networks) using any suitable transport network.

[0040] The wireless network 100 may also include a relay station. A relay station is an entity that can receive transmissions of data from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send transmissions of data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that is capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs. Figure 1 In the example shown in , a relay BS 110d may communicate with a macro BS 110a and a UE 120d to facilitate communication between the BS 110a and the UE 120d. A relay BS may also be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay, or the like.

[0041] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs, such as a macro BS, a pico BS, a femto BS, a relay BS, etc. These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different effects on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro BS may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while a pico BS, a femto BS, and a relay BS may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0042] A network controller 130 may be coupled to a set of BSs and may provide coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 may communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicate with each other (eg, directly or indirectly) via a wireless or wired backhaul.

[0043] UE 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) can be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE can be stationary or mobile. UE can also be referred to as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, etc. UE can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet device, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or apparatus, a biometric sensor / device, a wearable device (smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satellite radio unit), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing device, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0044] Some UEs may be considered as machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., which may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may provide a connection to or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via, for example, a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband Internet of Things) devices. Some UEs may be considered as customer premises equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120 (such as a processor component, a memory component, etc.).

[0045] Typically, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. RAT can also be referred to as radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequency can also be referred to as carrier, channel, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, a 5G RAT network can be deployed.

[0046] In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol) and / or mesh network. In this case, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0047] The devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an operating band having a first frequency range (FR1) that may span from 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz, may communicate using an operating band having a second frequency range (FR2) that may span from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz, may communicate using an operating band having a third frequency range (FR3) that may span from 7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz, may communicate using an operating band having a fourth frequency range (FR4) that may span from 52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz, and / or may communicate using an operating band having a fifth frequency range (FR5), which may include frequencies above 114.25 GHz (e.g., sub-terahertz). Note that FR3 is between FR1 and FR2, and FR4 and FR5 are higher than FR2. Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 (e.g., in FR3) are sometimes referred to as mid-band or "sub-centimeter wave" frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to as a "sub-6 GHz" band. Similarly, FR2 and FR4 are often referred to as "millimeter wave" bands, although FR2 is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) identified as a "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Therefore, unless otherwise expressly stated, it should be understood that the term "sub-6 GHz" etc. (if used herein) can broadly represent frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and / or mid-band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, unless otherwise expressly stated, it should be understood that the term "millimeter wave" etc. (if used herein) can broadly represent frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, FR4, and / or FR5, and / or mid-band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is expected that the frequencies included in FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, and / or FR5 can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0048] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may determine a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 associated with the UE 140 may determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; and operate at a different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0049] In some aspects, the base station 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may determine a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 associated with the base station 110 may determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; and operate at a different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0050] As pointed out above, Figure 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described above. Figure 1 Examples described.

[0051] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a base station 110 communicating with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a through 234t and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a through 252r, where in general T≥1 and R≥1.

[0052] At the base station 110, the transmit processor 220 may receive data for one or more UEs from the data source 212, may select a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on a channel quality indicator (CQI) received from the UE, may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for each UE, and may provide data symbols for all UEs. The transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), phase tracking reference signals (PTRS), and / or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MOD) 232a to 232t. Each modulator 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. T downlink signals from modulators 232a to 232t may be transmitted via T antennas 234a to 234t, respectively.

[0053] At UE 120, antennas 252a to 252r may receive downlink signals from base station 110 and / or other base stations, and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMOD) 254a to 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254a to 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide detected symbols. A receive (RX) processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a channel quality indicator (CQI) parameter, among other examples. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in housing 284 .

[0054] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base station 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0055] Antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or may be included in one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include coplanar antenna element sets and / or non-coplanar antenna element sets. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements within a single housing and / or antenna elements within multiple housings. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antennas coupled to one or more transmitting components and / or receiving components (such as Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components).

[0056] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information from a controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 (if applicable), further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the base station 110. In some aspects, the modulator and demodulator (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 254) of the UE 120 may be included in a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antennas 252, modulators and / or demodulators 254, MIMO detectors 256, receive processors 258, transmit processors 264, and / or TX MIMO processors 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0057] At the base station 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the demodulator 232, detected by the MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The base station 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule the UE 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some aspects, the modulator and demodulator (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 232) of the base station 110 may be included in a modem of the base station 110. In some aspects, the base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antennas 234, modulators and / or demodulators 232, MIMO detectors 236, receive processors 238, transmit processors 220, and / or TX MIMO processors 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein. A scheduler 246 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0058] The controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other components in the may perform one or more techniques associated with utilizing a fill duration at the beginning of a half subframe, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. In some aspects, a wireless node as described herein is Figure 2 , is included in the base station 110, or includes one or more components of the base station 110. Additionally or alternatively, a wireless node as described herein is Figure 2 1, is included in the UE 120, or includes one or more components of the UE 120. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component in may perform or direct e.g. Figure 8 Method 800, Fig. 9 The operations of method 900 and / or other processes as described herein. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for BS 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of base station 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion and / or interpretation), may cause one or more processors, UE 120 and / or base station 110 to perform or instruct, for example Figure 8 Method 800, Fig. 9 The method 900 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. In some aspects, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, among other examples.

[0059] In some aspects, the wireless node includes: means for determining a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and / or means for sending a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in a half-subframe. In some aspects, the means for the wireless node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 150, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the modulator 232, the antenna 234, the demodulator 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the controller / processor 240, the memory 242, or the scheduler 246. Additionally or alternatively, the means for the wireless node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 140, the antenna 252, the demodulator 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, the TX MIMO processor 266, the modulator 254, the controller / processor 280, or the memory 282.

[0060] In some aspects, the wireless node includes: means for determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol in time; and / or means for operating at a different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe. In some aspects, the means for the wireless node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 150, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the modulator 232, the antenna 234, the demodulator 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the controller / processor 240, the memory 242, or the scheduler 246. Additionally or alternatively, the means for the wireless node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 140, the antenna 252, the demodulator 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, the TX MIMO processor 266, the modulator 254, the controller / processor 280, or the memory 282.

[0061] As pointed out above, Figure 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described above. Figure 2 Examples described.

[0062] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of a frame structure in a wireless communication network according to the present disclosure. Figure 3The frame structure shown is for frequency division duplex (FDD) in a telecommunication system such as LTE or NR. The transmission timeline for each of the downlink and uplink may be divided into units of radio frames (sometimes referred to as frames). Each radio frame may have a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)) and may be divided into a set of Z (Z ≥ 1) subframes (e.g., with indices 0 to Z-1). Each subframe may have a predetermined duration (e.g., 1 ms) and may include a set of time slots (e.g., 2m time slots per subframe, such as 1 ms). Figure 3 , where m is an index of the digital scheme used for transmission, such as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or another number). Each time slot may include a set of L symbol periods. For example, each time slot may include fourteen symbol periods (e.g., Figure 3 ), seven symbol periods, or another number of symbol periods. In the case where a subframe includes two slots (e.g., when m=1), the subframe may include 2L symbol periods, where the 2L symbol periods in each subframe may be assigned indices from 0 to 2L–1. In some aspects, the scheduling unit for FDD may be frame-based, subframe-based, slot-based, mini-slot-based, or symbol-based.

[0063] Typically, the frame structure may include a padding duration at the beginning of each half-subframe to ensure that an integer number of symbols fit within the duration of the half-subframe. For example, as described above, a subframe typically has a duration of one (1) ms, and the first symbol in each half-subframe may include an excess cyclic prefix having a fixed padding duration of 0.52 microseconds (μs) to ensure that an integer number of symbols with a fifteen (15) kilohertz (kHz) digital scheme can fit within the 0.5 ms duration of the half-subframe. Typically, the number of symbols that can fit within the 0.5 ms duration of the half-subframe scales proportionally with the higher subcarrier spacing (e.g., fourteen (14) symbols fit within the 0.5 ms duration of the half-subframe for a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, twenty-eight (28) symbols fit within the 0.5 ms duration of the half-subframe for a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing, etc.). Therefore, because the extra padding duration at the beginning of each half-subframe has a fixed length of 0.52 μs regardless of the subcarrier spacing, the padding duration can exceed the length of the normal cyclic prefix at subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz or higher, and can be equal to or exceed the full symbol length at subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz or higher. As a result, because the extra padding duration represents unused resources in the time domain (other than ensuring that an integer number of symbols fit within the half-subframe), the extra padding duration can result in significant wasted overhead, especially at higher carrier frequencies.

[0064] Some aspects described herein relate to techniques and apparatus for utilizing a fill duration at the beginning of a half-subframe in order to avoid or reduce wasted time domain resources. For example, in some aspects, a wireless network may support communications using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform and / or a single carrier waveform, wherein the OFDM waveform may provide high spectral efficiency and facilitate high-order MIMO operations to achieve high data rates, and the single carrier waveform may reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) to improve coverage. In addition, the single carrier waveform may also enable time domain implementation without forcing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) or inverse FFT (IFFT) operation. Therefore, since the single carrier waveform is not limited to a fixed FFT size, a wireless node may use a fill duration to send a single carrier symbol having a length that is shorter than a full symbol associated with the subcarrier spacing. For example, as described below with reference to Figure 6A-6B In more detail, the single carrier symbol may be preceded by a guard interval having a duration equal to the cyclic prefix, and the guard interval and the single carrier symbol may have a combined duration equal to the full symbol length for a given subcarrier spacing. In this manner, using the padding duration to send a shortened single carrier symbol may increase utilization of time domain resources and / or allow delay-sensitive transmissions to be sent earlier in a half-subframe while ensuring that another node receiving the shortened single carrier symbol may use a fixed FFT size (e.g., 4096 or 4K) to process the shortened single carrier symbol.

[0065] Additionally or alternatively, in the case where the wireless node is configured to transmit or receive a signal associated with a different power level in the first symbol of a half-subframe than in the previous symbol, the fill duration may be used to adapt the transmit power or receive gain. Figure 7As described in more detail, a power change event may be triggered when a base station requests a UE to transmit using higher power or lower power on certain data symbols based on the MCS, when the UE adjusts an automatic gain control (AGC) to adjust to higher or lower receive power, interference, and / or noise, and / or when the UE retransmits a random access channel (RACH) with increased transmit power, and / or the like. Thus, in some aspects, a wireless node may be configured to implement a power change (e.g., adjustment of transmit power and / or receive gain) in a fill duration at the beginning of a half-subframe such that a power transient may occur in the fill duration while the transmit power and / or receive power is stabilized by the communication hardware. Additionally, utilizing the fill duration to adapt the transmit power or receive gain may provide an additional 0.52 μs to handle power transients, which may represent a significant time savings that may help meet timing requirements for power transitions. For example, a wireless network may require that power transitions for uplink signals (e.g., physical RACH (PRACH), sounding reference signal (SRS), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and / or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) must occur within 5 μs for FR2 or within 10 μs for FR1, whereby using a 0.52 μs pad duration to handle power transients may increase the time used to adapt uplink transmit power by approximately 10% for FR2 or approximately 5% for FR1).

[0066] As noted above, Figure 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described above. Figure 3 Examples described.

[0067] Figure 44 is a diagram illustrating an example of a half-subframe including an excess cyclic prefix with a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol. For example, the half-subframe 410 may start according to a fixed periodicity (e.g., every 0.5 ms), and each half-subframe 410 may include an integer number of OFDM symbols 420 based on a subcarrier spacing (or numbering scheme) associated with a carrier frequency. For example, a carrier frequency in FR1 may be associated with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, or 240 kHz, while a higher carrier frequency (e.g., in FR4) may require a larger subcarrier spacing (e.g., 480 kHz, 960 kHz, 1920 kHz, 3840 kHz, or higher) to support a larger bandwidth with the same FFT size as a lower frequency band. Typically, lower subcarrier spacing can be associated with shorter symbol lengths, and the half-subframe 410 can be constructed to accommodate an integer number of OFDM symbols 420 having a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing (e.g., seven (7) OFDM symbols in a half-subframe 410 having a 0.5 ms duration based on a symbol length of 66.67 μs and a normal cyclic prefix length of 4.69 μs), which scales proportionally with the larger subcarrier spacing.

[0068] Thus, in order to fit an integer number of OFDM symbols 420 within the duration of the half-subframe 410, the first symbol 430 of the half-subframe 410 may have an excess cyclic prefix 432 including a normal or extended cyclic prefix 434 and a padding duration 436. For example, the padding duration 436 provided at the beginning of the first symbol 430 of the half-subframe 410 typically has a fixed and constant length of 0.52 μs, so that an integer number of OFDM symbols 420 may fit within the remaining 499.48 μs of the half-subframe. For example, a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing is associated with a symbol length of approximately 66.67 μs and a normal cyclic prefix length of approximately 4.69 μs, whereby the padding duration at the beginning of the half-subframe 410 allows 7 OFDM symbols 420 to fit within the duration of the half-subframe 410. Thus, the other symbols 440 in the half-subframe (e.g., each symbol except the first symbol 430) may include only a cyclic prefix and a symbol duration.

[0069] Although the padding duration serves the important purpose of ensuring that an integer number of OFDM symbols 420 fit within the duration of a half-subframe 410, using the padding duration as an excess cyclic prefix 432 wastes resources in the time domain that could otherwise be utilized. Figure 6A-6B As further described in detail, a wireless node may use the padding duration to transmit a single carrier symbol having a length shorter than a full symbol associated with a subcarrier spacing. Additionally or alternatively, as described below with reference to Figure 7As further described in detail, in a case where a wireless node is configured to send or receive a signal in a first symbol 430 of a half-subframe 410, the wireless node may use a padding duration to adapt a transmit power or receive gain, wherein the first symbol 430 is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol (e.g., the last symbol in the immediately preceding half-subframe 410).

[0070] As noted above, Figure 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described above. Figure 4 Examples described.

[0071] Figure 5 is a diagram showing examples of symbols, cyclic prefixes, and padding durations associated with different subcarrier spacings. Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 5 A first table 500 indicating symbols, cyclic prefixes, and padding durations at subcarrier spacings up to 240 kHz and a second table 550 indicating symbols, cyclic prefixes, and padding durations at higher subcarrier spacings (e.g., 480 kHz and higher) are shown.

[0072] As shown in the rightmost column of the first table 500, the additional padding length provided at the beginning of each half subframe has a fixed and constant duration of 0.52 μs, which is independent of the subcarrier spacing. However, as further shown, the symbol length and cyclic prefix length can generally depend on the subcarrier spacing. For example, a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing is associated with a symbol length of 66.67 μs and a cyclic prefix length of 4.69 μs, so that at a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, seven (7) symbols can fit into the 0.5 ms duration of a half subframe. Typically, as shown, the symbol length and cyclic prefix length scale proportionally with higher subcarrier spacing. For example, at a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz, the symbol length and cyclic prefix length are halved relative to the 15 kHz subcarrier spacing, which allows fourteen (14) symbols to fit into the same 0.5 ms duration of a half subframe. At lower subcarrier spacings (such as 60 kHz and below), the padding duration can occupy a relatively small amount of resources in the time domain relative to the cyclic prefix length and symbol duration. However, as shown at 505, the extra padding duration approaches the cyclic prefix length at a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz and exceeds the cyclic prefix length at a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz. Therefore, the proportional amount of resources wasted by the extra padding may increase as the subcarrier spacing increases.

[0073] Furthermore, as shown in the second table 550, the proportional amount of resources wasted by the extra padding increases further at higher subcarrier spacings. For example, as shown, at higher carrier frequencies (e.g., in FR4) a larger subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz, 960 kHz, 1920 kHz, or 3840 kHz may be required to support a fixed FFT size (in Figure 5 NFFT). Thus, at subcarrier spacings associated with higher carrier frequencies and / or higher maximum bandwidths, chip durations, symbol lengths, cyclic prefix lengths, and / or extra padding lengths may be defined according to a time parameter Tc defined as 1 / (480kHz*4096), which is equal to approximately 0.509 nanoseconds (ns). Thus, as shown at 555, the extra padding duration provided at the beginning of each half-subframe may have a fixed and constant length of 1024Tc, which is equal to a full symbol duration at a subcarrier spacing of 1920kHz and exceeds a full symbol duration at a subcarrier spacing of 3840kHz.

[0074] Thus, some aspects described herein relate to techniques and apparatus for utilizing a padding duration at the beginning of each half subframe in order to avoid wasting time domain resources, which can increase proportionally with respect to symbol length and cyclic prefix length as subcarrier spacing increases. For example, as described below with reference to Figure 6A-6B As further described in detail, a wireless node may use the padding duration to transmit a single carrier symbol having a length shorter than a full symbol associated with a subcarrier spacing. Additionally or alternatively, as described below with reference to Figure 7 As further described in detail, in a case where a wireless node is configured to send or receive a signal in a first symbol 430 of a half-subframe 410, the wireless node may use a padding duration to adapt a transmit power or receive gain, wherein the first symbol 430 is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol (e.g., the last symbol in the immediately preceding half-subframe 410).

[0075] As noted above, Figure 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described above. Figure 5 Examples described.

[0076] Figure 6A-6B is a diagram illustrating one or more examples 600 associated with transmitting a shortened single carrier symbol preceded by a guard interval utilizing a fill duration at the beginning of a half subframe. Figure 6A-6B As shown, example 600 includes a transmitter wireless node (at Figure 6A-6B and referred to herein as Tx nodes) and receiver wireless nodes (in Figure 6A-6B1 and referred to herein as Rx nodes). In some aspects, the Tx node and the Rx node can communicate in a wireless network (such as the wireless network 100) via a wireless access link that can include an uplink and a downlink. For example, in some aspects, the Rx node can be a UE (e.g., UE 120), and the Tx node can be a base station (e.g., base station 110) configured to send one or more downlink signals to the Rx node. Additionally or alternatively, in some aspects, the Rx node can be a base station, and the Tx node can be a UE configured to send one or more uplink signals to the Rx node.

[0077] In some aspects, at 610, the Tx node may send a shortened single carrier symbol to the Rx node in a fill duration at the beginning of a half subframe. For example, in some aspects, the Tx node and the Rx node may communicate using a carrier frequency that supports communications using an OFDM waveform and a single carrier waveform. For example, an OFDM waveform may provide high spectral efficiency, facilitate high-order MIMO operations to achieve high data rates, and / or provide backward compatibility with different frequency ranges, and a single carrier waveform may be associated with lower PAPR, reduced impact of phase noise, and / or improved coverage relative to an OFDM waveform. In addition, a single carrier waveform may achieve time domain implementation without forcing an FFT or IFFT operation, whereby the single carrier waveform is not limited to a fixed FFT size.

[0078] In some aspects, to ensure coexistence between a single carrier waveform and an OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM waveform, the Tx node and the Rx node may communicate using a frame structure in which the single carrier waveform is aligned with an existing OFDM boundary at an appropriate granularity (e.g., the single carrier waveform may be aligned with an OFDM boundary at a frame, half-frame, subframe, half-subframe, time slot, and / or symbol granularity). For example, at 612, a frame structure for an OFDM waveform associated with a 1920 kHz subcarrier spacing is shown. As described in further detail above, each symbol in the frame structure includes an OFDM symbol (e.g., having a symbol length of 1024 Tc at a subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz) prepended with a cyclic prefix (e.g., having a length of 72 Tc at a subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz). In addition, as described above and as Fig. 6A As shown, the first symbol of the half subframe includes a padding duration at the beginning of the half subframe to ensure that an integer number of symbols fit within the 0.5 ms duration of the half subframe, wherein the padding duration is equal to the symbol length at a subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz.

[0079] In some aspects, as described above, the frame structure for an OFDM waveform can be aligned with a frame structure for a single carrier waveform at regular intervals (e.g., every frame, half-frame, subframe, half-subframe, time slot, and / or symbol), which enables the wireless network to dynamically switch the waveform assigned to the UE at regular intervals and / or achieve flexibility in reallocating time and frequency resources between a single carrier and OFDM / DFT-s-OFDM users at regular intervals, thereby improving resource utilization efficiency. For example, at 614, an example frame structure for a single carrier waveform associated with a 1920 kHz subcarrier spacing is shown. As shown, each symbol in the frame structure includes a single carrier symbol having the same symbol length as an OFDM symbol for the same subcarrier spacing, and the single carrier symbol is preceded by a cyclic prefix having the same length as the cyclic prefix for the same subcarrier spacing. In this way, OFDM symbols and single carrier symbols can be aligned at symbol boundaries, and in the time domain, each symbol type can be preceded by a cyclic prefix that is used to reduce inter-symbol interference, convert linear convolution to circular convolution, and / or achieve low complexity frequency domain equalization (FDE). Additionally or alternatively, the single carrier waveform can be preceded by a guard interval that provides a similar function to the cyclic prefix.

[0080] In some aspects, in order to align the boundaries of a single carrier waveform with the boundaries of an OFDM waveform at the subframe level or below (e.g., at the half-subframe, slot, or symbol level), the frame structure for the single carrier waveform may need to account for excess cyclic prefixes in the first symbol of each half-subframe. For example, as described above, each half-subframe begins with a padding duration having a constant length independent of the subcarrier spacing to ensure that an integer number of symbols fit within the 0.5ms duration of the half-subframe. Therefore, in some cases, the frame structure for the single carrier waveform may include a similar padding duration to ensure that an integer number of single carrier symbols fit within each half-subframe. However, as described above, the padding duration represents wasted resources in the time domain, and thus reduces resource utilization and increases latency (e.g., because transmission cannot occur until after the padding duration has passed). In some aspects, as described herein, the Tx node may therefore use the padding duration to send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the full symbol length associated with a given subcarrier spacing. For example, as described above, single carrier symbols are not limited to a fixed FFT size, so that shorter single carrier symbols can be used in the padding duration to send information (e.g., delay-sensitive signals such as acknowledgement (ACK) or negative acknowledgement (NACK) feedback, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) signaling, and / or semi-persistent or periodically scheduled data with a small payload size, among other examples), thereby avoiding wasting time domain overhead of the padding duration.

[0081] For example, as shown at 614, the first symbol in the half subframe may include a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the full symbol length (e.g., at 1920 kHz subcarrier spacing, the single carrier symbol sent in the padding duration at the beginning of the half subframe has a duration of 952Tc, which is shorter than the 1024Tc symbol length of the full single carrier symbol). In addition, as shown, the shortened single carrier symbol sent in the padding duration is preceded by a guard interval having the same length as the cyclic prefix preceding each full single carrier symbol (e.g., at 1920 kHz subcarrier spacing, the guard interval preceding the shortened single carrier symbol and the cyclic prefix preceding each full single carrier symbol each have a duration of 72Tc). In this way, because the guard interval has the same duration as the cyclic prefix preceding the first full single carrier symbol (e.g., the guard interval is a repetition of the cyclic prefix copied from the cyclic prefix preceding the next symbol), the cyclic property of the frame structure can be maintained. Furthermore, because the guard interval and the shortened single carrier symbol have a combined duration equal to the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing (e.g., 72Tc+952Tc=1024Tc at a subcarrier spacing of 1920kHz), the Rx node can use the same FFT size (e.g., 4096 or 4K) to successfully decode the shortened single carrier symbol and each full single carrier symbol.

[0082] In this way, using the filling duration to send shortened single carrier symbols can increase the utilization of time domain resources and / or allow the Tx node to send delay-sensitive transmissions earlier in the half subframe. For example, at a subcarrier spacing where the filling duration is equal to or less than the symbol length of a full symbol (e.g., at 1920kHz and below), the filling duration can be used to send a shortened single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length of a full symbol. Alternatively, at a subcarrier spacing where the filling duration is greater than the symbol length of a full symbol (e.g., at 3840kHz and above, where the filling duration is 1024Tc and the symbol length is 512Tc or less), multiple shortened single carrier symbols can be sent in the filling duration. For example, at 616, a frame structure for a subcarrier spacing of 3840kHz is shown, where the symbol length of a full symbol is 512Tc, and the cyclic prefix before each full symbol is 36Tc. In the example shown at 616, two single carrier symbols having a duration shorter than the full symbol length (e.g., 476Tc) may be sent in the padding duration, and each shortened single carrier symbol may be preceded by a guard interval having a duration equal to the cyclic prefix length (e.g., 36Tc). Thus, when communicating using a carrier frequency associated with a subcarrier spacing of 3840kHz, the Tx node may fit two shortened single carrier symbols into the padding duration, wherein each shortened single carrier symbol and the corresponding guard interval have a combined duration equal to the full symbol length (e.g., at a subcarrier spacing of 3840kHz, 36Tc+476Tc=512Tc). Alternatively, in the case where the padding duration is greater than the full symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing, the Tx node may send one full single carrier symbol with a normal cyclic prefix and one shortened single carrier symbol with a guard interval in the padding duration.

[0083] Thus, as described herein, a shortened single carrier symbol sent in a fill duration may be preceded by a guard interval having the same duration as the cyclic prefix preceding the first full symbol, and the shortened single carrier symbol and the corresponding guard interval may have a combined duration equal to the full symbol length for the subcarrier spacing. In this manner, the frame structure may have a cyclic format despite the shortened single carrier symbol being sent in the fill duration. Furthermore, as Figure 6B As shown, at 620, the relative durations of the guard interval, cyclic prefix, shortened single carrier symbol, and full symbol length may enable the Rx node to process the shortened single carrier symbol sent in the padding duration using a fixed FFT length. Figure 5As described, as the maximum bandwidth of the carrier frequency increases, the subcarrier spacing may be increased proportionally in order to maintain a fixed FFT size, which is limited to 4K or 4096 to limit computational complexity. Therefore, in order to maintain a fixed FFT length for processing shortened single carrier symbols and complete single carrier symbols, the Rx node may process each shortened single carrier symbol using an FFT window that includes the shortened single carrier symbol and a guard interval or cyclic prefix following the shortened single carrier symbol. For example, as shown at 622, the Rx node may process shortened single carrier symbols at a subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz using an FFT window that includes the shortened single carrier symbol and a cyclic prefix following the shortened single carrier symbol having a combined duration equal to the first complete single carrier symbol (e.g., 1024Tc at a subcarrier spacing of 1920 kHz). In another example, as shown at 624, the Rx node may process two shortened single carrier symbols at a subcarrier spacing of 3840 kHz using an FFT window that includes the shortened single carrier symbol and a guard interval or cyclic prefix following the shortened single carrier symbol having a combined duration equal to that of the first complete single carrier symbol (e.g., 512Tc at a subcarrier spacing of 3840 kHz).

[0084] As noted above, Figure 6A-6B is provided as one or more examples. Other examples may differ from Figure 6A-6B Examples described.

[0085] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with handling power transients using a fill duration at the beginning of a half subframe. Figure 7 As shown, example 700 includes a transmitter wireless node (at Figure 7 and referred to herein as Tx nodes) and receiver wireless nodes (in Figure 7 1 and referred to herein as Rx nodes). In some aspects, the Tx node and the Rx node can communicate in a wireless network (such as the wireless network 100) via a wireless access link that can include an uplink and a downlink. For example, in some aspects, the Rx node can be a UE (e.g., UE 120), and the Tx node can be a base station (e.g., base station 110) configured to send one or more downlink signals to the Rx node. Additionally or alternatively, in some aspects, the Rx node can be a base station, and the Tx node can be a UE configured to send one or more uplink signals to the Rx node.

[0086] In some aspects, at 710, the Tx node may adjust the transmit power for a signal scheduled in a first symbol of a half-subframe in a padding duration at the beginning of the half-subframe. For example, in some aspects, in the case where the Tx node is configured to transmit a signal in a first symbol of a half-subframe associated with a different power level than the symbol immediately preceding in time (e.g., the last symbol in the half-subframe immediately preceding), the Tx node may use the padding duration to adjust the transmit power. In addition, at 720, the Rx node may adjust the receive gain of a signal scheduled in a first symbol of a half-subframe in a padding duration at the beginning of the half-subframe. For example, in some aspects, in the case where the Rx node is configured to receive a signal in a first symbol of a half-subframe associated with a different power level than the symbol immediately preceding in time, the Rx node may use the padding duration to adjust the receive gain. At 730, at the beginning of the half-subframe (e.g., in the first symbol of the symbols of the half-subframe, after the padding duration), the Tx node may then transmit a signal and the UE may receive the signal.

[0087] For example, in some aspects, a signal scheduled in the first symbol of a half-subframe may be associated with a power change event (relative to the last symbol immediately preceding the first symbol of the half-subframe in time) in the case where the base station requests the UE to transmit using a higher or lower power level on one or more data symbols based on the MCS configured by the base station for the one or more data symbols. In other examples, a signal scheduled in the first symbol of a half-subframe may be associated with a power change event in the case where the UE adjusts automatic gain control to adjust to a higher or lower received power, interference, and / or noise level, which causes the signal to be associated with a different power level than the immediately preceding symbol. Additionally or alternatively, a power change event may be triggered for a signal scheduled in the first symbol of a half-subframe in the following cases: the UE retransmits a RACH with increased transmit power, the UE transmits or receives a reference signal with a different power level than the data symbols, and / or the Tx node (which may be a base station or a UE) adjusts transmit power for any other reason such as bandwidth part switching, power spectral density limitations, and / or maximum allowed exposure limitations.

[0088] Therefore, in the case where the base station or UE needs to adapt the transmit power and / or receive gain, the transmit power and / or receive gain can be configured to be adjusted in the filling duration that occurs at the beginning of the half subframe. In this way, the filling duration can be used to handle power transients that can occur when the communication hardware is stabilizing the transmit power and / or receive gain. For example, as shown at 740, an OFDM symbol or a single carrier symbol can be scheduled in the first symbol of the half subframe (after the approximately 520ns filling duration at the beginning of the half subframe). In the example shown, the OFDM symbol or single carrier symbol scheduled in the first symbol of the half subframe can be associated with a power level (P2) higher than the power level (P1) associated with the immediately preceding symbol (e.g., the last symbol in the immediately preceding half subframe). Therefore, the Tx node and the Rx node can begin to operate at a power level associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol of the half subframe in the filling duration, so that the Tx power transient 745 occurs during the filling duration. For example, the Tx node may adjust the transmit power and the Rx node may adjust the receive gain in the fill duration, instead of waiting until the start boundary of the first symbol in the half subframe to adjust the transmit power and / or receive gain.

[0089] For example, in the case where the Tx node is a UE configured to transmit a signal using a different (e.g., higher or lower) power level in the first symbol at the beginning of a half-subframe than in the immediately preceding symbol in time (e.g., the power change event is aligned with the half-subframe boundary), the base station (acting as an Rx node for the signal scheduled in the first symbol at the beginning of the half-subframe) can provide the UE with an indication that the UE can use the filling duration at the beginning of the half-subframe to adjust the transmit power. For example, in some aspects, the indication can be sent by the base station in a downlink control information (DCI) message, a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE), and / or a radio resource control (RRC) message and received by the UE. Additionally or alternatively, the indication can be implicit, thereby permitting the UE to always use the filling duration to adapt the transmit power for the upcoming symbol. In such a case, the UE can use the filling duration to adapt the transmit power based on the power change event aligned with the boundary of the half-subframe. Furthermore, in the case where the Tx node is a UE, the base station may include the padding duration when calculating the time when the UE's transmission will begin in order to decide resource allocation for the transmission (eg, time and frequency resources allocated to the transmission).

[0090] Additionally or alternatively, in the case where the Tx node is a base station and the Rx node is a UE configured to receive a signal from the Tx node in the first symbol at the beginning of a half-subframe using a different power level than the immediately preceding symbol, the base station may determine the resource allocation for the UE based at least in part on the power conversion time for the UE during the filling duration (e.g., the base station may move the resource allocation for the UE to an earlier time based on the amount of time required for the UE to change the reception gain). In addition, in such a case, the base station (acting as a Tx node for a signal scheduled in the first symbol at the beginning of the half-subframe) may provide the UE with an indication that the UE may use the filling duration at the beginning of the half-subframe to adjust the reception gain. For example, in some aspects, the indication may be sent by the base station in a DCI message, a MAC-CE, and / or an RRC message and received by the UE. Additionally or alternatively, the indication may be implicit, thereby permitting the UE to always use the filling duration to adapt the reception gain for the upcoming symbol. In such a case, the UE may use the filling duration to adjust the reception gain based on a power change event for a received signal aligned with the boundary of the half-subframe.

[0091] In this way, the fill duration can be used to handle power transients when one or more power change events are aligned with the boundary of a half-subframe. In this way, the time domain resources occupied by the fill duration can save air resources that may otherwise be required to absorb power transients during symbol times. Additionally or alternatively, using the fill duration to adjust the transmit power and / or receive gain for a signal scheduled in the first symbol of a half-subframe can provide additional time (e.g., approximately 520ns) to the time available for ramping power up or down. For example, a wireless network can be associated with a requirement (e.g., specified in a wireless communication standard) that power transitions on or off for various signals (e.g., PRACH, SRS, PUCCH, and / or PUSCH, among other examples) must occur within 5 μs for a carrier frequency in FR2 or within 10 μs for a carrier frequency in FR1. Thus, the 0.52 μs fill duration may increase the available time to achieve transmit power and / or receive gain changes of more than 10% for FR2 and more than 5% for FR1, which may be a significant time savings, particularly as hardware speeds for power switching increase and only a small amount of time (e.g., a few microseconds) is required for power switching. For example, the time savings achieved by utilizing the fill duration to handle transmit power and / or receive gain power transients may increase as hardware speeds increase, which may result in a reduction in regulatory requirements for power switching times (e.g., to values ​​below 5 μs, in which case the 0.52 μs fill duration may represent more than 10% of the time allocated for power switching).

[0092] As noted above, Figure 7 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described above. Figure 7 Examples described.

[0093] Figure 8 8 is a flow diagram of an example method 800 of wireless communication. The method 800 may be performed by, for example, a wireless node (eg, base station 110 and / or UE 120).

[0094] At 810, the wireless node may determine a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency. Fig.10 The communication manager 140 / 150 and / or the determining component 1008 depicted in FIG. 1004 may determine the symbol length based at least in part on the subcarrier spacing associated with the carrier frequency, as described above in conjunction with, for example, Fig. 6A and as described at 610 .

[0095] At 820, the wireless node may send a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe. Fig.10 The communication manager 140 / 150 and / or the transmitting component 1004 depicted in FIG. 1004 may transmit a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half subframe, as described above in conjunction with, for example, Fig. 6A and as described at 610. In some aspects, the single carrier symbol sent in the fill duration is preceded by a guard interval. In some aspects, the guard interval has a duration equal to the cyclic prefix length associated with the subcarrier spacing. In some aspects, the single carrier symbol and the guard interval have a combined duration equal to the symbol length. In some aspects, the fill duration has a length independent of the subcarrier spacing associated with the carrier frequency. In some aspects, the single carrier symbol is associated with an FFT window that includes a guard interval or cyclic prefix following the single carrier symbol. In some aspects, the single carrier symbol sent in the fill duration is used to send a delay sensitive signal.

[0096] In some aspects, method 800 includes sending an additional single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half subframe, wherein the additional single carrier symbol is sent in the fill duration based at least in part on a length of the fill duration being greater than the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0097] In some aspects, method 800 includes sending a complete single carrier symbol having a duration equal to the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half subframe, wherein the complete single carrier symbol is sent in the fill duration based at least in part on a length of the fill duration being greater than the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0098] Although Figure 8 Example blocks of method 800 are shown, but in some aspects, method 800 may include Figure 8 The blocks described in the method 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted in the method 800. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks in the blocks of the method 800 may be executed in parallel.

[0099] Fig. 9 9 is a flow chart of an example method 900 of wireless communication. The method 900 may be performed by, for example, a wireless node (eg, base station 110 and / or UE 120).

[0100] At 910, the wireless node may determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time. Fig.11 The communication manager 140 / 150 and / or the determining component 1108 depicted in FIG. 1 may determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time, as described above in conjunction with, for example, Figure 7 and as described at 710, 720. In some aspects, the signal is an OFDM symbol or a single carrier symbol.

[0101] At 920, the wireless node may operate at different power levels during the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe. Fig.11 The communication manager 140 / 150 and / or the operating component 1110 depicted in FIG. 1 may operate at different power levels during the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe, as described above in conjunction with, for example, Figure 7 and described at 710, 720. In some aspects, operating at different power levels includes: adjusting a transmit power associated with a signal scheduled in the first symbol during a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe. In some aspects, a resource allocation associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is based at least in part on the fill duration. In some aspects, operating at different power levels includes: adjusting a receive gain associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol during a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0102] In some aspects, the method 900 includes: receiving an indication to adapt a transmit power or receive gain for a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe in a padding duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe. In some aspects, the indication is received in a DCI message, a MAC-CE, or an RRC message. In some aspects, the method 900 includes: using the padding duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe, at least in part based on the padding duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe, to adapt a transmit power or receive gain for a signal scheduled in a first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0103] Although Fig. 9 Example blocks of method 900 are shown, but in some aspects, method 900 may include Fig. 9 The blocks described in the method 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted in the method 900. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks in the blocks of the method 900 may be executed in parallel.

[0104] Fig.10 1 is a block diagram of an example apparatus 1000 for wireless communication. Apparatus 1000 may be a wireless node, or a wireless node may include apparatus 1000. In some aspects, apparatus 1000 includes a receiving component 1002 and a transmitting component 1004, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1000 may use receiving component 1002 and transmitting component 1004 to communicate with another apparatus 1006 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, apparatus 1000 may include Figure 1-2 The communication manager 140 and / or the communication manager 150 (shown as communication manager 140 / 150) shown in FIG. The communication manager 140 / 150 can include a determining component 1008, among other examples.

[0105] In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform the Figure 6A-6B Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 In some aspects, Fig.10 The device 1000 and / or one or more components shown in the figure may include the above-mentioned Figure 2 One or more components of the base station and / or UE described. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.10 One or more of the components shown in the above may be combined Figure 2In addition or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be at least partially implemented as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as an instruction or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0106] The receiving component 1002 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1006. The receiving component 1002 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the receiving component 1002 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding) on ​​the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the apparatus 1006. In some aspects, the receiving component 1002 may include the above in combination with Figure 2 One or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of a base station and / or UE are described.

[0107] The transmitting component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the device 1006. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1006 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1004 for transmission to the device 1006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1004 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1004 may include the above in combination with Figure 2 One or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described base stations and / or UEs. In some aspects, the transmit component 1004 can be co-located with the receive component 1002 in a transceiver.

[0108] Determining component 1008 can determine the symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with the carrier frequency.Transmitting component 1004 can transmit a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half subframe.

[0109] The transmitting component 1004 may transmit an additional single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a filling duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe, wherein the additional single carrier symbol is transmitted in the filling duration based at least in part on the length of the filling duration being greater than the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0110] The transmitting component 1004 may transmit a complete single carrier symbol having a duration equal to the symbol length in a filling duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe, wherein the complete single carrier symbol is transmitted in the filling duration based at least in part on a length of the filling duration being greater than the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0111] Fig.10 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.10 The components shown may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.10 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.10 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.10 The illustrated set (one or more) of components may perform the operations described as being performed by Fig.10 Another group of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0112] Fig.11 1 is a block diagram of an example apparatus 1100 for wireless communication. Apparatus 1100 may be a wireless node, or a wireless node may include apparatus 1100. In some aspects, apparatus 1100 includes a receiving component 1102 and a transmitting component 1104, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1100 may use receiving component 1102 and transmitting component 1104 to communicate with another apparatus 1106 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device). As further shown, apparatus 1100 may include Figure 1-2 The communication manager 140 and / or the communication manager 150 (shown as communication manager 140 / 150) shown in FIG. The communication manager 140 / 150 may include one or more of a determination component 1108 or an operation component 1110, etc.

[0113] In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform the Figure 7 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Fig. 9In some aspects, Fig.11 The device 1100 and / or one or more components shown in the figure may include the above-mentioned Figure 2 One or more components of the base station and / or UE described. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 One or more of the components shown in the above may be combined Figure 2 In addition or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be at least partially implemented as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as an instruction or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0114] The receiving component 1102 may receive communications from the device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof. The receiving component 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1100. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding) on ​​the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1106. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may include the above in combination with Figure 2 One or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of a base station and / or UE are described.

[0115] The transmitting component 1104 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the device 1106. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1106 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1104 for transmission to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 may include combining the above Figure 2 One or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described base stations and / or UEs. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 can be co-located with the receive component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0116] Determining component 1108 can determine that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol in time.Operating component 1110 can operate at a different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe.

[0117] The receiving component 1102 can receive an indication of adapting a transmit power or receive gain for a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0118] The operating component 1110 can use the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe to adapt the transmission power or reception gain for the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe at least in part based on the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0119] Fig.11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.11 The components shown may include additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.11 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.11 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 The illustrated set (one or more) of components may perform the operations described as being performed by Fig.11 Another group of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0120] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating an example 1200 of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1205 employing a processing system 1210. The apparatus 1205 may be a wireless node.

[0121] The processing system 1210 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by bus 1215. The bus 1215 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, depending on the specific application of the processing system 1210 and the overall design constraints. The bus 1215 links together various circuits including one or more processors and / or hardware components represented by the processor 1220, the illustrated components, and the computer-readable medium / memory 1225. The bus 1215 may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0122] The processing system 1210 can be coupled to a transceiver 1230. The transceiver 1230 is coupled to one or more antennas 1235. The transceiver 1230 provides a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1230 receives signals from one or more antennas 1235, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1210 (specifically, the receiving component 1002 / 1102). In addition, the transceiver 1230 receives information from the processing system 1210 (specifically, the transmitting component 1004 / 1104) and generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 1235 based at least in part on the received information.

[0123] The processing system 1210 includes a processor 1220 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1225. The processor 1220 is responsible for general processing, which includes executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory 1225. The software, when executed by the processor 1220, causes the processing system 1210 to perform various functions described herein for any particular device. The computer-readable medium / memory 1225 can also be used to store data manipulated by the processor 1220 when executing the software. The processing system also includes at least one of the components shown. The component can be a software module that resides / is stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1225 and runs in the processor 1220, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1220, or some combination thereof.

[0124] In some aspects, the processing system 1210 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include the memory 282 and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. Additionally or alternatively, the processing system 1210 may be a component of the base station 110 and may include the memory 242 and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 230, the RX processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes: means for determining a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and means for sending a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half-subframe. The above means may be one or more of the above components of the apparatus 1000 and / or the processing system 1210 of the apparatus 1205, which is configured to perform the functions recited by the above means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1210 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations recited herein.

[0125] In some aspects, the processing system 1210 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include the memory 282 and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. Additionally or alternatively, the processing system 1210 may be a component of the base station 110 and may include the memory 242 and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 230, the RX processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes: means for determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; and means for operating at a different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe. The above means may be one or more of the above components of the apparatus 1100 and / or the processing system 1210 of the apparatus 1205, which is configured to perform the functions recited by the above means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1210 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations recited herein.

[0126] Fig.12 is provided as an example. Other examples can be combined with Fig.12 The examples described are different.

[0127] The following provides a summary of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0128] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a wireless node, comprising: determining a symbol length based at least in part on a subcarrier spacing associated with a carrier frequency; and sending a single carrier symbol having a duration shorter than the symbol length in a fill duration at the beginning of a first symbol in a half subframe.

[0129] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the single carrier symbol transmitted in the filling duration is preceded by a guard interval.

[0130] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein the guard interval has a duration equal to the cyclic prefix length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0131] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 2-3, wherein the single carrier symbol and the guard interval have a combined duration equal to the symbol length.

[0132] Aspect 5: A method according to any one of aspects 1-4, wherein the filling duration has a length independent of the subcarrier spacing associated with the carrier frequency.

[0133] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-5 further includes: sending an additional single-carrier symbol having the duration shorter than the symbol length in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half subframe, wherein the additional single-carrier symbol is sent in the filling duration at least in part based on the length of the filling duration being greater than the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0134] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-5 further includes: sending a complete single-carrier symbol having a duration equal to the symbol length in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half subframe, wherein the complete single-carrier symbol is sent in the filling duration at least in part based on the length of the filling duration being greater than the symbol length associated with the subcarrier spacing.

[0135] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 1-7, wherein the single carrier symbol is associated with an FFT window, and the FFT window includes a guard interval or a cyclic prefix following the single carrier symbol.

[0136] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the single carrier symbol sent in the filling duration is used to send a delay-sensitive signal.

[0137] Aspect 10: A method of wireless communication performed by a wireless node, comprising: determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level compared to a previous symbol in time; and operating at the different power level during a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0138] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein operating at the different power level includes: adjusting the transmission power associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the filling time duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0139] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 10 to 11, wherein a resource allocation associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is based at least in part on the filling duration.

[0140] Aspect 13: The method according to aspect 10, wherein operating at the different power level includes: adjusting a reception gain associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0141] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 10-13 also includes: receiving an indication of a transmit power or receive gain adapted for the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0142] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 14, wherein the indication is received in a DCI message, a MAC-CE or an RRC message.

[0143] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 10-15 also includes: using the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe, at least partially based on the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe to adapt the transmission power or reception gain of the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe.

[0144] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 10-16, wherein the signal is an OFDM symbol or a single carrier symbol.

[0145] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions, the instructions being stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any of Aspects 1-9.

[0146] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to any of aspects 1-9.

[0147] Aspect 20: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any of aspects 1-9.

[0148] Aspect 21: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any of aspects 1-9.

[0149] Aspect 22: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform a method according to any of aspects 1-9.

[0150] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions, the instructions being stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any of Aspects 10-17.

[0151] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method according to any of aspects 10-17.

[0152] Aspect 25: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method according to any of aspects 10-17.

[0153] Aspect 26: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any of aspects 10-17.

[0154] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform a method according to any of aspects 10-17.

[0155] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the various aspects.

[0156] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented with hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented with a combination of hardware, firmware, and / or hardware and software in various forms. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting in any respect. Therefore, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, it being understood that software and hardware may be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based at least in part on the description herein.

[0157] As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value being greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0158] Even if the specific combination of features is recorded in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. In fact, many features in these features can be combined in a manner that is not specifically recorded in the claims and / or specifically disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below can only directly depend on a claim, the disclosure of various aspects includes the combination of each dependent claim and each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase of "at least one of" referring to the list of items refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. For example, "at least one of the following: a, b or c" is intended to cover any combination of a, b, c, ab, ac, bc and abc, and with the multiple of the same element (for example, aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc and ccc or any other sorting of a, b and c).

[0159] None of the elements, actions or instructions used herein should be interpreted as key or necessary, unless clearly described as such. In addition, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more projects, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "the" is intended to include one or more projects quoted in conjunction with the article "the", and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more projects (for example, related projects, unrelated projects, or the combination of related projects and unrelated projects), and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In the case of only expecting a project, phrases "only one" or similar language are used. In addition, as used herein, the terms "has", "have", "having" etc. are intended to be open terms. In addition, unless otherwise clearly stated, phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based at least in part on". Furthermore, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a series is intended to be inclusive and can be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless expressly stated otherwise (eg, if used in conjunction with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. A wireless node, comprising: one or more memories; as well as one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to: determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; as well as Operating at the different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

2. The wireless node according to claim 1, wherein: To operate at the different power levels, the one or more processors are further configured to: A transmit power associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is adjusted in the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

3. The wireless node according to claim 1, wherein: A resource allocation associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is based at least in part on the fill duration.

4. The wireless node according to claim 1, wherein: To operate at the different power levels, the one or more processors are further configured to: A receive gain associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is adjusted in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

5. The wireless node according to claim 1, wherein: The one or more processors are further configured to: An indication is received to adapt a transmit power or a receive gain for the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe in the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

6. The wireless node according to claim 5, wherein: The indication is received in a downlink control information message, a medium access control control element, or a radio resource control message.

7. The wireless node according to claim 1, wherein: The one or more processors are further configured to: Using the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe, the transmission power or reception gain of the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe is adapted at least in part based on the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

8. The wireless node according to claim 1, wherein: The signal is an OFDM symbol or a single carrier symbol.

9. A method of wireless communication performed by a wireless node, comprising: determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; as well as Operating at the different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: Operating at the different power levels includes: A transmit power associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is adjusted in the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein: A resource allocation associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is based at least in part on the fill duration.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein: Operating at the different power levels includes: A receive gain associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is adjusted in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

13. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: An indication is received to adapt a transmit power or a receive gain for the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe in the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

14. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: Using the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe, the transmission power or reception gain of the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe is adapted at least in part based on the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

15. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The signal is an OFDM symbol or a single carrier symbol.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising: One or more instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of a wireless node, cause the wireless node to: determining that a signal scheduled in a first symbol in a half-subframe is associated with a different power level than a previous symbol in time; as well as Operating at the different power level in a fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein: To cause the wireless node to operate at the different power levels, the one or more instructions are further configured to cause the wireless node to: A transmit power associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is adjusted in the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein: A resource allocation associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is based at least in part on the fill duration.

19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein: To cause the wireless node to operate at the different power levels, the one or more instructions are further configured to cause the wireless node to: A receive gain associated with the signal scheduled in the first symbol is adjusted in the filling duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein: The one or more instructions are further configured to cause the wireless node to: An indication is received to adapt a transmit power or a receive gain for the signal scheduled in the first symbol in the half-subframe in the fill duration at the beginning of the first symbol in the half-subframe.

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