Method and apparatus for wireless communication at user equipment / base station

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication in which a base station may signal one or more transmission restrictions for one or more different frequency bands, and may provide two or more values for one transmission restriction. A first subset of user equipments (UEs) may be capable of air operation (e.g., an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or drone) and may use a first value of a first transmit limit, and a second subset of UEs may not be capable of air operation and may use a second value of the first transmit limit. A UE state, such as altitude or location or transmit directivity, may also be used to determine whether the UE is to apply the first value or the second value to a transmit limit of the frequency band.

Description

[0001] This patent application is a divisional application of the following invention patent applications:

[0002] Application number: 202080057280.3

[0003] Application date: July 16, 2020

[0004] Invention title: Transmission restriction indication technology for airborne wireless devices

[0005] Cross-references

[0006] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62 / 887,142, filed on August 15, 2019, by Rico Alvarino et al., entitled “EmissionLimit Indication Techniques for Aerial Wireless Devices”; and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 16 / 928,997, filed on July 14, 2020, by Rico Alvarino et al., entitled “EmissionLimit Indication Techniques for Aerial Wireless Devices”; each of which is assigned to the assignee of this patent application. Technical Field

[0007] The following generally relates to wireless communications and emission limitation indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices. Background Art

[0008] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiple access (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include multiple base stations or network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may be further referred to as user equipment (UE). Summary of the invention

[0009] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices and apparatuses that support emission restriction indication technology for airborne wireless devices. The various described technologies provide multiple different emission restrictions for a specific frequency band. In some cases, a base station may signal one or more emission restrictions for one or more different frequency bands, where two or more values ​​of an emission restriction may be provided. For example, a first frequency band may have a first emission restriction having a first value to be applied to a first subset of UEs and a second value to be applied to a second subset of UEs. Therefore, different UEs communicating using the first frequency band may have different emission restrictions. In some cases, a first subset of UEs may be capable of airborne operations (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones) and may use the first value of the first emission restriction, and a second subset of UEs may not be capable of airborne operations (e.g., handheld UEs, UEs incorporated into machines or vehicles, other terrestrial UEs, etc.) and may use the second value of the first emission restriction. In some cases, the UE state or transmit directivity may be used to determine whether the UE is to apply the first value or the second value to the emission restriction of the frequency band.

[0010] A method of wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: receiving an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determining to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and transmitting one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0011] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory connected to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0012] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include components for: receiving an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determining to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and transmitting one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0013] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described that stores code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first UE device type corresponds to a UE capable of airborne operation, and the second UE device type corresponds to a terrestrial UE. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the determining may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for determining a state of the UE as one of an airborne state or a grounded state, and wherein determining the first value for applying the first emission limit may also be based on the state of the UE.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the state of the UE is based on the altitude of the UE, and wherein, when the altitude of the UE is at or above an altitude threshold, a first value of the first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions, and when the altitude of the UE is less than the altitude threshold, a second value of the first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication of one or more emission restrictions may be received in a broadcast transmission from a base station. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the broadcast transmission from the base station includes a system information block transmission indicating an emission restriction list for a first frequency band. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an indication of a first device type of the UE to the base station. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, in response to the transmitted indication of the first device type, an indication of one or more emission restrictions may be received via one or more of the following: radio point resource control (RRC) signaling, a control element (e.g., a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE)), or any combination thereof.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a geo-fence parameter from a base station, and determining that a UE's location is within an area indicated by the geo-fence parameter, wherein the geo-fence parameter indicates that a first value of a first emission limit applies to one or more locations of a UE having a first UE device type, and wherein a second value of the first emission limit applies to a location of a UE having the first UE device type outside of one or more locations indicated by the geo-fence parameter.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first value of a first emission restriction is applied to at least a first uplink transmission of the UE based on the UE being within an area indicated by a geo-fence parameter. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for determining that a subsequent location of the UE is outside the area indicated by the geo-fence parameter after sending the first uplink transmission, and sending at least a second uplink transmission using a second value of the first emission restriction based on the subsequent location of the UE.

[0018] In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the geo-fence parameter indicates one or more of: an area in which the first value of the first transmission limit is to be used, an altitude above which the first value of the first transmission limit is to be used, vertices of a polyhedron in which the first value of the first transmission limit is to be used, a center and radius of a sphere in which the first value of the first transmission limit is to be used, or any combination thereof. In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first value of the first transmission limit is used for all uplink transmissions when UE location information may not be available.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining a power backoff for one or more uplink transmissions based on the first transmission limit, and applying the power backoff as an additional maximum power reduction to the one or more uplink transmissions. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an indication to a base station that a first value of the first transmission limit is used at a UE for one or more uplink transmissions. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication may be provided in one or more of an RRC signaling message or a MAC-CE, the indication explicitly indicating that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication may be provided in a power headroom report sent to a base station, the indication implicitly indicating that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used based on the reported power headroom value.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, determining the first value to apply the first emission limit may also be based on a directional antenna pattern of the UE.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication of one or more transmission limitations provides a victim location associated with a first value of a first transmission limitation, a second value of the first transmission limitation is applied to uplink transmissions when the directional antenna pattern is oriented away from the victim location, and the first value of the first transmission limitation is applied to uplink transmissions when the directional antenna pattern is oriented toward the victim location. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication of one or more transmission limitations provides an indication of a first transmit beam subset associated with the first value of the first transmission limitation, and wherein the second transmit beam subset is associated with the second value of the first transmission limitation. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for selecting a suboptimal beam from a second transmit beam subset when a more optimal beam is in the first transmit beam subset, and wherein the second value of the first transmission limitation is used for one or more uplink transmissions using the suboptimal beam from the second transmit beam subset.

[0022] In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of the one or more emission limitations includes one or more angular constraints associated with a first value of a first emission limitation, and wherein uplink transmissions within the one or more angular constraints will use the first value of the first emission limitation, and uplink transmissions outside the one or more angular constraints will use a second value of the first emission limitation. In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first value of the first emission limitation is used when one or more of the position or orientation of the UE may be unknown.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an indication of one or more of an altitude or location of a UE to a base station, and wherein an indication of one or more emission limitations is received from the base station in response to the altitude or location of the UE. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of one or more emission limitations may be received in a control information communication from the base station.

[0024] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an indication to a base station indicating that the UE has additional UE capabilities of a first device type, and wherein the indication of one or more emission restrictions for a first frequency band is sent by the base station to the UE, providing the additional UE capabilities indicating the first device type. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an access class barring indication indicating that a UE with a first device type is not accepted at the base station.

[0025] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a reference signal associated with a sensitive device, and wherein, when a signal strength of the received reference signal is at or above a threshold, a first value of a first transmission limit is used for uplink transmissions, and when the signal strength of the received reference signal is below the threshold, a second value of the first transmission limit is used for uplink transmissions.

[0026] A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include: sending an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; and receiving one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0027] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type, and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0028] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for transmitting an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; and receiving one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first emission limitation.

[0029] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: send an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first emission limitation.

[0030] In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first UE device type corresponds to a UE capable of airborne operation and the second UE device type corresponds to a terrestrial UE. In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of one or more emission limitations further provides states associated with a first value and a second value of the first emission limitation, and wherein the airborne state is associated with the first value and the grounded state is associated with the second value.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the air state is based on the altitude of the UE, and wherein, when the altitude of the first UE is at or above an altitude threshold, a first value of the first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions, and when the altitude of the first UE is less than the altitude threshold, a second value of the first emission restriction is applied to the one or more uplink transmissions. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication of the one or more emission restrictions may be provided in a broadcast transmission from the base station. In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the broadcast transmission from the base station includes a system information block transmission indicating a list of emission restrictions for the first frequency band.

[0032] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of the first device type from the first UE. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, in response to the received indication of the first device type, one or more indications of transmission restrictions may be sent to the first UE via one or more of: RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or any combination thereof.

[0033] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for sending a geo-fence parameter with an indication of one or more emission limitations, wherein the geo-fence parameter indicates that a first value of a first emission limitation applies to one or more locations of UEs having a first UE device type, and wherein a second value of the first emission limitation applies to UEs having the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geo-fence parameter. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the geo-fence parameter indicates one or more of: an area in which the first value of the first emission limitation is to be used, an altitude above which the first value of the first emission limitation is to be used, a vertex of a polyhedron in which the first value of the first emission limitation is to be used, a center and radius of a sphere in which the first value of the first emission limitation is to be used, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first value of the first emission limitation may be used for all uplink transmissions when UE location information is not available.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a power backoff for one or more uplink transmissions may be determined based on the first transmission limit and applied as an additional maximum power reduction. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication from a first UE that a first value of the first transmission limit is used for one or more uplink transmissions at the first UE. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication may be provided in one or more of an RRC signaling message or a MAC-CE that explicitly indicates that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication may be provided in a power headroom report sent to a base station that implicitly indicates that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used based on the reported power headroom value.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, an indication of one or more transmission limitations also provides a sensitive location associated with a first value of a first transmission limitation, and wherein, when a directional antenna pattern of the first UE is directed away from the sensitive location, a second value of the first transmission limitation is applied to uplink transmissions, and when the directional antenna pattern is directed toward the sensitive location, the first value of the first transmission limitation is applied to the uplink transmissions.

[0036] In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of one or more transmission limitations provides an indication of a first transmit beam subset associated with a first value of a first transmission limitation, and wherein a second transmit beam subset is associated with a second value of the first transmission limitation. In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of one or more transmission limitations includes one or more angular constraints associated with the first value of the first transmission limitation, and wherein uplink transmissions within the one or more angular constraints will use the first value of the first transmission limitation, and uplink transmissions outside the one or more angular constraints will use the second value of the first transmission limitation.

[0037] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of one or more of an altitude or location of a first UE, and wherein, in response to the altitude or location of the UE, an indication of one or more emission limitations is sent. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of additional UE capabilities of a first device type from a first UE, and wherein, in response to the altitude or location of the UE, an indication of one or more emission limitations is sent to the UE, providing an indication of the additional UE capabilities of the first device type.

[0038] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending an access class barring indication indicating that a UE having a first device type is not accepted at a base station.

[0039] A method of wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: receiving an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; determining to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE state; and transmitting one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0040] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE state; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0041] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; determining to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE state; and transmitting one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0042] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described that stores code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE state; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0043] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first UE state corresponds to an airborne state and the second UE state corresponds to a grounded state. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of one or more emission limitations further indicates that the first emission limitation is applied to a UE having an airborne UE device type. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the state of the UE is based on an altitude of the UE, and wherein, when the altitude of the UE is at or above an altitude threshold, a first value of the first emission limitation is applied to one or more uplink transmissions, and when the altitude of the UE is less than the altitude threshold, a second value of the first emission limitation is applied to one or more uplink transmissions.

[0044] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a geofence parameter from a base station, and determining that the location of a UE is within an area indicated by the geofence parameter, the geofence parameter indicating one or more locations where a first value of a first emission restriction is applied, and wherein a second value of the first emission restriction is applied to UEs outside of the location indicated by the geofence parameter. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include: operations, features, components, or instructions for determining that the location of a UE is within an area indicated by the geofence parameter, and wherein, based on the UE being within the area indicated by the geofence parameter, the first value of the first emission restriction is applied to at least a first uplink transmission of the UE, and operations, features, components, or instructions for determining, after sending the first uplink transmission, that a subsequent location of the UE is outside of the area indicated by the geofence parameter, and based on the subsequent location of the UE, sending at least a second uplink transmission using the second value of the first emission restriction.

[0045] A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include: sending an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; and receiving one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0046] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state, and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0047] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for transmitting an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; and receiving one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0048] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0049] In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first UE state corresponds to an airborne state and the second UE state corresponds to a grounded state. In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of one or more emission limitations further indicates that the first emission limitation is applied to a UE having an airborne UE device type.

[0050] In some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the state of the UE is based on the altitude of the UE, and wherein, when the altitude of the UE is at or above an altitude threshold, a first value of a first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions, and when the altitude of the UE is less than the altitude threshold, a second value of the first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions. Some examples of methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending a geo-fence parameter, and determining that the location of the UE is within an area indicated by the geo-fence parameter, the geo-fence parameter indicating one or more locations to which the first value of the first emission restriction applies, and wherein the second value of the first emission restriction applies to UEs outside of the location indicated by the geo-fence parameter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0052] 2-5 illustrate examples of portions of a wireless communication system that supports transmit restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0053] 6 illustrates an example of a process flow to support transmit limitation indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0054] 7 and 8 illustrate block diagrams of devices supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0055] 9 illustrates a block diagram of a communications manager supporting transmit limitation indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0056] 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a system including devices supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0057] 11 and 12 illustrate block diagrams of devices supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0058] 13 illustrates a block diagram of a communications manager supporting transmit limitation indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0059] 14 illustrates a schematic diagram of a system including devices supporting transmission limitation indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0060] 15-21 show flow charts illustrating methods of supporting transmit limitation indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In some deployments, a user equipment (UE) may communicate with a base station using a channel bandwidth allocated in one or more frequency bands. For example, a base station and a UE may communicate using a first frequency band, and other nearby devices (e.g., wireless transmitters / receivers) using adjacent frequency bands may be affected by out-of-band (OOB) emissions from the base station or UE. In order to reduce this potential interference, one or more emission limits may be provided (e.g., on a per-frequency band basis) that may cause the base station or UE to reduce transmit power to mitigate potential interference. In this case, the reduction in transmit power may result in a reduction in the efficiency or reliability of communication between the UE and the base station (e.g., due to different modulation and coding schemes (MCS) and / or different repetition levels of reduced power transmissions, a reduced likelihood of successfully receiving the reduced power transmissions, etc.). In some examples, OOB emissions may be characterized as unwanted emissions immediately outside the allocated channel bandwidth and may be caused by, for example, nonlinearities in the modulation process and transmitter. In some cases, OOB emissions may have defined limits that may be identified by an OOB emission mask. In addition, in some cases, a frequency band may have additional OOB emission limits (e.g., when radio frequency devices in adjacent frequencies may be sensitive to OOB emissions). Such additional OOB spectrum emission limits may be signaled by the base station to indicate that the UE will meet additional requirements or criteria for a particular deployment scenario (e.g., in an additional spectrum emission indication provided as part of a cell handover or in a broadcast message indicating an additional emission mask). For example, if a particular base station is aware that a sensitive radio frequency device (e.g., a radio detection and ranging (RADAR) device or a satellite tracking station) is located within or near the coverage area of ​​the base station, the base station may signal additional OOB spectrum emission limits for the frequency band (e.g., a frequency band from a defined frequency band list) to limit such OOB emissions and mitigate potential interference from the OOB emissions. Such sensitive radio frequency devices may be referred to as sensitive devices.

[0062] In some cases, additional OOB spectrum emission limits may be provided in one or more predefined tables (e.g., predefined tables indicated by network signaling (NS) values ​​provided in radio point resource control (RRC) signaling or in a broadcast transmission (e.g., in a system information block (SIB), such as SIB2)). To meet the emission limits at the UE, an additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR) may be applied to the maximum output power (e.g., the maximum output power defined for the frequency band). In cases where no additional emission limits are applicable, an A-MPR of 0 dB may be used at the UE. Thus, the output power value of the UE may be limited by one or more emission masks that may be used to mitigate OOB emissions as well as other various parameters associated with interference, such as adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR), spectrum emission mask (SEM), error vector magnitude (EVM), or in-band emission (IBE).

[0063] In some current deployments, a frequency band (e.g., a numbered frequency band in a frequency band list) may have a set of OOB emission restrictions, and a UE that is signaled to apply OOB emission restrictions may apply an associated emission mask. In addition, a UE that is signaled to apply such an emission mask may be a UE located near sensitive equipment. However, in the case where the UE may be an aerial UE (such as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or drone), the UE may be operating at an altitude that provides a longer line of sight to sensitive equipment, which may result in OOB emissions occurring at a greater distance than OOB emissions from low altitude UEs, which may be referred to as grounded UEs. The increased line of sight probability may increase the interference seen by sensitive equipment. Therefore, to accommodate aerial-capable UEs, additional emission masks may be applied farther away from sensitive equipment.

[0064] Various techniques provided herein allow such additional transmission masks to be applied to some UEs (such as UEs with air capabilities) and not to other UEs (such as UEs without air capabilities) that can operate without additional transmission restrictions. In addition, in some cases, such additional transmission masks can be applied based on the state of the UE, such as if the UE is above an altitude threshold, if the UE is within a geo-fenced area, if the UE's transmission direction is in a specific direction, or any combination thereof. In some cases, a base station can signal one or more transmission restrictions for one or more different frequency bands, where two or more values ​​of an emission restriction can be provided. For example, a first frequency band can have a first transmission restriction that has a first value to be applied to a first subset of UEs (e.g., UEs with air capabilities) and a second value to be applied to a second subset of UEs (e.g., UEs without air capabilities). Thus, different UEs communicating using the first frequency band can have different transmission restrictions.

[0065] Such techniques may allow additional emission restrictions to be applied to UEs that may generate transmissions that interfere with sensitive devices, while UEs that are less likely to generate transmissions that interfere with sensitive devices may not have additional emission restrictions. Such techniques may allow more efficient network operation by allowing UEs that are less likely to cause OOB interference to have greater flexibility to set transmit power and transmit at higher powers, which may allow, for example, higher coding rates, reduced number of repetitions or retransmissions, or a combination thereof. In addition, higher power transmissions may allow for a higher probability of successful transmissions.

[0066] Various aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communication system. Various examples of UE types and states associated with different transmission restrictions are then described. Various aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flow charts relating to transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices.

[0067] FIG1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 includes a base station 105, a UE 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a long term evolution (LTE) network, an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a new radio (NR) network. In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communications, low latency communications, or communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices.

[0068] The base station 105 may communicate wirelessly with the UE 115 via one or more base station antennas. The base station 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB or a giga NodeB (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a home NodeB, a home eNodeB, or some other suitable terminology. The wireless communication system 100 may include different types of base stations 105 (e.g., macro cell base stations or small cell base stations). The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of base stations 105 and network devices, including macro eNBs, small cell eNBs, gNBs, relay base stations, etc.

[0069] Each base station 105 may be associated with a particular geographic coverage area 110 in which it supports communications with various UEs 115. Each base station 105 may provide communications coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110 via a communication link 125, and the communication link 125 between the base station 105 and the UE 115 may utilize one or more carriers. The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink transmission from the UE 115 to the base station 105, or a downlink transmission from the base station 105 to the UE 115. Downlink transmissions may also be referred to as forward link transmissions, and uplink transmissions may also be referred to as reverse link transmissions.

[0070] The geographic coverage area 110 of the base station 105 can be divided into sectors that constitute a portion of the geographic coverage area 110, and each sector can be associated with a cell. For example, each base station 105 can provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a small cell, a hotspot, or other types of cells, or various combinations thereof. In some examples, the base station 105 can be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for a mobile geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, and overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by the same base station 105 or different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous LTE / LTE-A / LTE-A Pro or NR network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0071] The term "cell" refers to a logical communication entity used to communicate with the base station 105 (e.g., via a carrier), and it can be associated with an identifier (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID)) used to distinguish between adjacent cells operating via the same or different carriers. In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells, and different cells can be configured according to different protocol types that can provide access to different types of devices (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or others). In some cases, the term "cell" may refer to a portion of the geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which the logical entity operates.

[0072] UE 115 may be dispersed throughout the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be fixed or mobile. UE 115 may also be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client. UE 115 may also be a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may also refer to a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or an MTC device, etc., which may be implemented in various items such as appliances, vehicles, meters, etc.

[0073] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technology that allows devices to communicate with each other or with a base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay the information to a central server or application that may utilize the information or present the information to a person interacting with the program or application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines. Application examples of MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.

[0074] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ a reduced power consumption mode of operation, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power saving techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power-saving "deep sleep" mode when not engaged in active communications, or operating over limited bandwidth (e.g., in accordance with narrowband communications). In some cases, UEs 115 may be designed to support high priority or critical functions (e.g., mission critical functions), and the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to provide ultra-reliable communications for these functions.

[0075] In some cases, UE 115 is also able to communicate directly with other UE 115 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device (D2D) protocol). One or more UEs in a group of UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of the base station 105. Other UEs 115 in the group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of the base station 105 or may not be able to receive transmissions from the base station 105. In some cases, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some cases, the base station 105 facilitates resource scheduling for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without the involvement of the base station 105.

[0076] The base stations 105 may communicate with the core network 130 and with each other. For example, the base stations 105 may interface with the core network 130 via a backhaul link 132 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interface). The base stations 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the base stations 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via a backhaul link 134 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interface).

[0077] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), which may include at least one mobility management entity (MME), at least one serving gateway (S-GW), and at least one packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). The MME may manage non-access stratum (e.g., control plane) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the EPC. User IP packets may be transmitted through the S-GW, which itself may be connected to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW may be connected to the IP services of the network operator. The operator's IP services may include access to the Internet, (one or more) intranets, IP multimedia subsystems (IMS), or packet switched (PS) streaming services.

[0078] At least some network devices, such as base stations 105, may include subcomponents, such as access network entities, which may be examples of access node controllers (ANCs). Each access network entity may communicate with UE 115 through multiple other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission / reception points (TRPs). In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and access network controllers), or merged into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0079] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features. However, the waves can penetrate structures sufficiently to allow a macro cell to provide service to a UE 115 located indoors. Transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and a shorter range (e.g., less than 100 km) than transmission of smaller frequencies and longer waves using the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0080] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the Super High Frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also referred to as centimeter bands). The SHF region includes frequency bands such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band, which may be used by devices that can tolerate interference from other users.

[0081] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also referred to as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the individual devices may be even smaller and more closely spaced than the UHF antennas. In some cases, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the UE 115. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may even be subject to greater atmospheric attenuation and a shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the designated use of frequency bands across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory agency.

[0082] In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ license assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz ISM band. When operating in an unlicensed radio band, wireless devices such as base stations 105 and UE 115 may employ a listen-before-talk (LBT) process to ensure that the frequency channel is idle before sending data. In some cases, operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a combination of carrier aggregation configurations and component carriers operating in licensed bands (e.g., LAA). Operations in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer transmissions, or a combination of these transmissions. Duplexing in unlicensed spectrum may be based on frequency division duplexing (FDD), time division duplexing (TDD), or a combination of the two.

[0083] In some examples, the base station 105 or the UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may use a transmission scheme between a transmitting device (e.g., a base station 105) and a receiving device (e.g., a UE 115), wherein the transmitting device is equipped with multiple antennas and the receiving device is equipped with one or more antennas. MIMO communication may employ multipath signal propagation to improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers, which may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. Multiple signals may be transmitted, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams. Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO technologies include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are sent to the same receiving device, and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are sent to multiple devices.

[0084] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105 or a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam or a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array so that signals propagating at a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals communicated via antenna elements can include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying certain amplitude and phase offsets to the signals carried via each antenna element associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0085] In some cases, the antennas of a base station 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays that may support MIMO operations, or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be collocated at an antenna assembly such as an antenna tower. In some cases, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with a base station 105 may be located at different geographic locations. A base station 105 may have an antenna array with multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 may use to support beamforming for communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations.

[0086] In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. The radio link control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate on a logical channel. The medium access control (MAC) layer may perform priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels to transmission channels. The MAC layer may also provide retransmissions at the MAC layer using hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC protocol layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection (which supports radio bearers for user plane data) between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or the core network 130. At the physical layer, transmission channels may be mapped to physical channels.

[0087] In some cases, UE 115 and base station 105 may support retransmission of data to increase the possibility of successfully receiving data. HARQ feedback is a technique that increases the possibility of correctly receiving data through communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve the throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some cases, a wireless device may support simultaneous slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received in a previous symbol in the time slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent time slot or according to some other time interval.

[0088] The time interval in LTE or NR can be expressed as a multiple of the basic time unit. For example, the time interval can be referred to as T s = 1 / 30,720,000 seconds. The time intervals of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames (each radio frame has a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms)), where the frame period can be represented as T f =307,200Ts. A radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) ranging from 0 to 1023. Each frame may include 10 subframes numbered from 0 to 9, and each subframe may have a duration of 1 ms. A subframe may be further divided into 2 slots, each slot having a duration of 0.5 ms, and each slot may contain 6 or 7 modulation symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix before each symbol period). In addition to the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain 2048 sampling periods. In some cases, a subframe may be the minimum scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In other cases, the minimum scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be shorter than a subframe or may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of a shortened TTI (sTTI) or in a selected component carrier using sTTI).

[0089] In some wireless communication systems, a time slot may also be divided into a plurality of mini-slots containing one or more symbols. In some instances, a mini-slot or a symbol of a mini-slot may be the minimum unit of scheduling. The duration of each symbol may vary depending on, for example, the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band. In addition, some wireless communication systems may implement time slot aggregation, in which a plurality of time slots or mini-slots are aggregated together and used for communication between UE 115 and base station 105.

[0090] The term "carrier" refers to a collection of radio spectrum resources that have a defined physical layer structure for supporting communications on the communication link 125. For example, a carrier of the communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band that operates according to a physical layer channel for a given radio access technology. Each physical layer channel may carry user data, control information, or other signaling. A carrier may be associated with a predefined frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be located according to a channel raster for discovery by a UE 115. A carrier may be downlink or uplink (e.g., in FDD mode), or configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in TDD mode). In some examples, a signal waveform transmitted on a carrier may be composed of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multi-carrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)).

[0091] The organization structure of the carrier can be different for different radio access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). For example, the communication on the carrier can be organized according to TTI or time slots, where each TTI or time slot can include user data and control information or signaling to support decoding of the user data. The carrier can also include dedicated acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals or system information, etc.) and control signaling to coordinate the operation of the carrier. In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier can also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers.

[0092] Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. For example, a physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier using a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique. In some examples, the control information sent in the physical control channel may be distributed in a cascaded manner between different control regions (e.g., between a common control region or common search space and one or more UE-specific control regions or UE-specific search spaces).

[0093] A carrier can be associated with a particular bandwidth of radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of a plurality of predetermined bandwidths of a carrier for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). In some examples, each served UE 115 can be configured to operate on part or all of the carrier bandwidth. In other examples, some UEs 115 can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a predefined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or RBs) within a carrier (e.g., an "in-band" deployment of a narrowband protocol type).

[0094] In a system using MCM technology, a resource element may consist of a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme). Therefore, the more resource elements received by UE 115 and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of UE 115 may be. In a MIMO system, wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of radio spectrum resources, time resources, and space resources (e.g., space layers), and the use of multiple space layers may also increase the data rate for communicating with UE 115.

[0095] A device of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., a base station 105 or a UE 115) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communication on one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 and / or a UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with more than one different carrier bandwidths.

[0096] The wireless communication system 100 may support communication with the UE 115 on multiple cells or carriers, a feature that may be referred to as carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, the UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used with both FDD and TDD component carriers.

[0097] In some cases, the base station 105 may provide emission limits for one or more frequency bands in which the base station 105 and one or more UEs 115 may operate. Such emission limits may be provided to help reduce interference with other nearby devices. For example, the base station 105 and the UE 115 may communicate using a first frequency band, and other nearby devices (e.g., wireless transmitters / receivers) using adjacent frequency bands may be affected by OOB transmissions from the base station 105 or the UE 115. To reduce such potential interference, one or more emission limits may be provided (e.g., on a per-frequency band basis) that may cause the base station 105 or the UE 115 to reduce transmit power to mitigate potential interference. In such cases, the reduction in transmit power may result in a reduction in the efficiency or reliability of communications between the UE 115 and the base station 105 (e.g., due to different MCSs and / or different repetition levels of reduced-power transmissions, a reduced likelihood of successfully receiving the reduced-power transmissions, etc.). To improve network efficiency, reliability, or both, effective techniques for managing such emission limits may be beneficial.

[0098] In some examples of the present disclosure, the base station 105 may signal one or more emission limits for one or more different frequency bands, where two or more values ​​of an emission limit may be provided. For example, a first frequency band may have a first emission limit having a first value to be applied to a first subset of UEs 115 and a second value to be applied to a second subset of UEs 115. Thus, different UEs 115 communicating using the first frequency band may have different emission limits. In some cases, a first subset of UEs 115 may be capable of airborne operations (e.g., UAVs or drones) and may use the first value of the first emission limit, and a second subset of UEs 115 may not be capable of or not intended to be airborne operations (e.g., handheld UEs, UEs incorporated into land-based equipment or vehicles, other terrestrial UEs, etc.) and may use the second value of the first emission limit. In some cases, the UE 115 state (e.g., altitude or location) or transmit directivity may be used to determine whether the UE 115 is to apply the first value or the second value to the emission limit of the frequency band.

[0099] 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 200 may include a first UE 115-a, a second UE 115-b, and a base station 105-a, which may be respective examples of a UE 115 and a base station 105 as described herein. The base station 105-a may transmit to the first UE 115-a on a first downlink carrier 205, and the first UE 115-a may transmit to the base station 105-a on a first uplink carrier 210. Similarly, the base station 105-a may transmit to the second UE 115-b on a second downlink carrier 225, and the second UE 115-b may transmit to the base station 105-a on a second uplink carrier 230.

[0100] In this example, the base station 105-a may send an emission restriction indication 215 to the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b, along with one or more other UEs that may be present in the coverage area of ​​the base station 105-a. The emission restriction indication 215 may be sent, for example, in a broadcast transmission of the base station 105-a, such as a SIB (e.g., in SIB2). In other cases, the emission restriction indication 215 may be provided in other types of signaling, such as in RRC signaling, in downlink control information (DCI), in a MAC control element (MAC-CE), or any combination thereof. In some cases, the emission restriction indication 215 may include an OOB emission mask for one or more frequency ranges over which the base station 105-a and the UE 115 may communicate. In addition, the emission restriction indication 215 may provide an emission restriction having a plurality of different values ​​for one or more of the frequency ranges, wherein one of the plurality of different values ​​may be selected for the UE 115 based on the UE type, the UE state, or a combination thereof. Based on the selected transmission limit value, the first UE 115-a can send a UE transmission 220 based on the first value of the transmission limit, and the second UE 115-a can send a UE transmission 235 based on the second value of the transmission limit.

[0101] In this example, the first UE 115-a may be an airborne UE capable of wirelessly communicating with the base station 105-a while the first UE 115-a is flying. In some cases, the first UE 115-a may optionally signal the base station 105-a with a first UE type indication associated with the airborne UE (e.g., as a device type indication or a UE capability indication). Based on the airborne UE device type, the first UE 115-a may determine that a first value of the emission restriction is to be applied to the UE transmission 220. For example, the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b may use a first frequency band of 1710-1785 MHz (i.e., the n3 band) for uplink communications with the base station 105-a. In addition, the sensitive device may be a satellite communication ground station (e.g., a meteorological satellite (MetSat) ground station) that may receive satellite communications using the 1670-1710 MHz frequency band. Thus, to prevent unwanted OOB emissions by UE 115, an emission limit may be applied to UE 115 transmissions in a first frequency band (e.g., -30 dBm / MHz or -40 dBm / MHz). In some cases, such OOB emissions may be limited for transmitters located at a higher altitude than the sensitive device, but not limited for transmitters located at the same or lower altitude as the sensitive device, because the OOB emissions of the lower altitude devices may not cause significant interference at the sensitive device. Thus, based on the airborne UE device type, a first value of the emission limit for the frequency band may be used at the first UE 115-a, and based on the non-airborne device type of the second UE 115-b, a second value of the emission limit (e.g., without an additional OOB emission mask) may be used at the second UE 115-b.

[0102] In some cases, a first value of the emission limit may be applied to all UEs 115 of a first UE device type (e.g., to all airborne UEs), while a second value of the emission limit may be applied to other UEs. In other cases, it may be recognized that even an airborne UE, such as the first UE 115-a, may transmit uplink transmissions while not in flight, in which case the first UE 115-a may have the same OOB transmissions as the non-airborne second UE 115-b. Thus, in some cases, the UE state may also be used to determine which value of the emission limit to apply. With reference to FIG3 , examples of altitude thresholds for applying different values ​​of emission limits are discussed in more detail. In other cases, geo-fencing techniques may be used to determine the UE state and different values ​​of whether to apply an emission limit, such that if the first UE 115-a has a location within a geo-fenced area associated with a sensitive device, a first value of the emission limit may be applied, otherwise a second value of the emission limit is applied. With reference to FIG4 , examples of geo-fenced spaces associated with sensitive devices are described in more detail. In addition, in some cases, the first UE 115-a can use directional transmissions, such as via a directional antenna panel or beamforming techniques, and the directionality of the UE transmissions can be used as a state to determine whether to apply a first value or a second value of the transmission limit. Referring to Figure 5, an example of directional transmission relative to a sensitive device is described in more detail.

[0103] Therefore, the various techniques discussed herein provide for the application of a transmission mask based on a UE device type, a UE state, or both. In some cases, the applicable UE device type may be determined by the UE, such as by pre-programming the UE depending on the application in which the UE is used. In other cases, the UE device type may be provided by the base station 105-a at registration (e.g., the base station 105-a may determine whether the UE is an air device or another device type to which an additional transmission mask is to be applied based on the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)). In some cases, the base station 105-a may indicate the transmission mask to be applied at the UE 115 at RRC configuration or reconfiguration (e.g., the base station 105-a may provide an NS value corresponding to the additional transmission mask). In some cases, different values ​​for the transmission restrictions for a frequency band may be provided by separate transmission masks (e.g., a lookup table) signaled by the base station 105-a. In other cases, different values ​​for the transmission restrictions for the frequency band may be provided based on an offset value of the transmission mask associated with the frequency band. Additionally or alternatively, the base station 105-a may indicate additional transmission requirements or criteria based on UE status (e.g., when the first UE 115-a is airborne or grounded, inside or outside a geo-fenced space, etc.).

[0104] In some cases, the first UE 115-a may change state after some initial communications with the base station 105-a. For example, the first UE 115-a may establish a connection with the base station 105-a while the first UE 115-a is grounded, and may select a second value of the emission limit for uplink communications. The first UE 115-a may then take off, which may require a change to the first value of the emission limit. When the first value of the emission limit is applied, the first UE 115-a may apply power backoff (e.g., A-MPR) to its uplink transmissions. In order to provide the base station 105-a with current information for resource allocation and scheduling purposes, in some cases, the first UE 115-a may send an indication of a state change to the base station 105-a. In some cases, the indication of the state change may be provided in explicit signaling from the first UE 115-a. For example, upon entering a restricted area or exceeding a threshold altitude, the first UE 115-a may send a message to the base station 105-a (e.g., via RRC signaling or MAC-CE) notifying a change in the maximum power available for uplink transmissions. In other cases, the first UE 115-a may send implicit signaling of the change, such as through a power headroom report (PHR) indicating a reduced or negative power headroom, which may be interpreted by the base station 105-a to indicate that an additional transmission mask is being applied. The UE 115-a may use this information for scheduling (e.g., providing sufficient resources and an MCS suitable for the reduced power transmission of the first UE 115-a). As described above, in some cases, such a state change may occur when the first UE 115-a exceeds an altitude threshold. FIG. 3 shows an example of such an altitude threshold.

[0105] 3 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 300 that supports transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 300 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100 or 200. The wireless communication system 300 may include a first UE 115-e, a second UE 115-f, a third UE 115-g, and a base station 105-b, which may be respective examples of a UE 115 and a base station 105 as described herein.

[0106] In this example, the base station 105-b may identify a ground altitude 305 (e.g., an altitude associated with a sensitive device) and may determine an altitude threshold 310 for applying an additional transmission mask. In some cases, the base station 105-b may send an indication of the altitude threshold 310 to the UE 115 (e.g., via broadcast signaling, RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.). Such an altitude threshold 310 may be provided as an altitude above sea level (e.g., a number of feet or meters above sea level at which an additional transmission mask is to be applied), which may take into account the altitude of the sensitive device and the altitude at which the OOB transmissions of the UE 115 are to be limited. In other cases, the altitude threshold 310 may be a pre-programmed threshold, and the base station 105-b may indicate that the altitude threshold 310 is to be used and may indicate the location or altitude of the sensitive device, and the UE 115 may determine to apply the additional transmission mask based on this information and the current state of the UE 115 altitude. Furthermore, in some cases, the altitude threshold 310 may be variable based on the distance between the UE 115 and the sensitive device (eg, the altitude threshold 310 may increase closer to the sensitive device and decrease farther from the sensitive device).

[0107] 3, the first UE 115-e and the third UE 115-g may be below the altitude threshold 310 and may therefore apply the second value of the emission limit, which corresponds to the emission limit for grounded UEs, while the second UE 115-f may be above the altitude threshold 310 and apply the first value of the emission limit, which corresponds to the emission limit for airborne UEs. Additionally or alternatively, one or more geo-fencing parameters may be used to determine which emission limits to apply at the UE 115. With reference to FIG4, an example of a geo-fencing technique for determining emission limits is described.

[0108] 4 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 400 that supports transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 400 may implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100, 200, or 300. The wireless communication system 400 may include a first UE 115-h, a second UE 115-i, and a base station 105-c, which may be respective examples of a UE 115 and a base station 105 as described herein. In this example, a sensitive device 410 with an associated ground elevation 405 is shown.

[0109] 4 , the base station 105 - c may identify geo-fence parameters for a geo-fenced space 415 associated with the sensitive device 410. For example, the geo-fenced space 415 may be an area or volume around the sensitive device 410 that may be defined by the vertices of a polyhedron, a cylinder extending upward from a land-based radius of the sensitive device 410 (e.g., starting from the ground elevation 405 or from some altitude threshold), a center and radius of a sphere, etc. The base station 105 - c may indicate the geo-fence parameters to the UE 115 (e.g., via broadcast signaling, RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.).

[0110] In the example of FIG. 4 , the first UE 115-h may be within the geo-fenced space 415 and therefore may apply a second value of the emission limit, which corresponds to the emission limit for airborne UEs, while the second UE 115-i may be at a location 420 outside the geo-fenced space 415 and apply a first value of the emission limit, which corresponds to the emission limit for grounded UEs. In some cases, the first UE 115-h may include a global positioning system (GPS) module (and / or one or more other location determination systems) that may provide the first UE 115-h with location information for determining whether the current location is within the geo-fenced space 415. In some cases, if the UE 115 does not have location determination capabilities or is otherwise unable to determine its location (e.g., due to an inability to receive a signal for determining location), it may be assumed that the second value of the emission limit is applied. Additionally or alternatively, in some cases, the directionality of the UE's transmissions may be used to determine which emission limits will be applied at the UE 115. With reference to FIG. 5 , an example of a transmission directionality technique for determining emission limits is described.

[0111] 5 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system 500 that supports transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 500 may implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100, 200, 300, or 400. The wireless communication system 500 may include a UE 115-j, a first base station 105-d, and a second base station 105-e, which may be respective examples of a UE 115 and a base station 105 as described herein. In this example, a sensitive device 510 with an associated ground elevation 505 is shown.

[0112] In the example of FIG. 5 , UE 115 - j may have directional transmissions. In some cases, such directional transmissions may be attributed to the directivity of the antenna panel at UE 115 - j. In other cases, UE 115 - j may use beamforming to generate a directional transmission pattern. In this case, different emission restrictions may be applied based on whether the directional transmission is directed toward or away from the sensitive device 510. For example, the main lobe 525 of the directional transmission may be directed away from the sensitive device (e.g., toward the first base station 105 - d) and may be transmitted without an additional transmission mask. In the example of FIG. 5 , OOB transmissions 530 may therefore not interfere with communications at the sensitive device 510. In other cases, the main lobe 515 of the directional transmission may be directed toward the sensitive device 510 (e.g., toward the second base station 105 - e located in the same or similar direction as the sensitive device 510 from UE 115 - j) and may be a reduced power transmission based on the application of an additional transmission mask. In this example, OOB transmissions 520 may be sufficiently reduced to mitigate interference caused at the sensitive device 510.

[0113] Thus, additional emission limits may also be different for different types of antennas / radiation patterns associated with transmissions from UE 115-j. In some cases, in addition to UE type or status information (e.g., altitude status, device type, geo-fence status, etc.), there may also be angle constraints on emission requirements or criteria (e.g., emissions measured within a given area of ​​an imaginary sphere must be less than a predetermined value). In this case, the coordinates of the sensitive device 510, as well as the angle at which the emissions are to be measured, may be signaled to UE 115-j. UE 115-j may then determine its location and orientation and apply a corresponding emission mask to determine power backoff. In the event that UE 115-j does not know its location or orientation, UE 115-j may apply an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limit instead of a power limit (i.e., the UE assumes that the sensitive device 510 is in the direction of its transmission).

[0114] In some cases, one or more different combinations of the emission restriction indication and management techniques discussed herein may be implemented in a wireless communication system. In addition, in some cases, instead of the UE determining what emission requirements or criteria to apply, the base station may indicate the emission restrictions to the UE (e.g., via DCI, MAC-CE). In this case, the UE may report altitude / location information to the base station (e.g., via uplink control information (UCI) or MAC-CE), and the network may configure additional emission restrictions based on the state of the UE. Additionally, the UE may report the UE device type as an additional UE capability (e.g., an airborne UE may indicate that they are capable of "additional emission requirements in band X"), and the network may indicate additional emission requirements or criteria for UEs indicating such additional capabilities. Additionally or alternatively, similar to the emission requirements or criteria, access class prohibition may also be applied based on similar rules (e.g., a base station may prohibit certain UEs based on UE device type, UE state, or a combination thereof). For example, an airborne UE may not be accepted in a given public land mobile network (PLMN), or a device that is flying (e.g., above an altitude threshold) may not be accepted, and so on.

[0115] Moreover, as indicated above, more than one of the discussed techniques may be implemented. For example, a base station may indicate geo-fence restrictions and general restrictions, and a UE that is able to locate itself should apply the geo-fence restrictions, while a UE that is unable to locate itself should apply the general restrictions. Additionally or alternatively, the transmission restrictions may be controlled by the relative position between the UE and the sensitive, or may be scaled based on the relative distance. Furthermore, in some cases, the sensitive device or UE may transmit a reference signal, and based on a measurement of the received reference signal (e.g., a measured reference signal received power (RSRP) above a threshold), the UE may apply an additional transmission mask. Additionally or alternatively, where beamforming is used, the UE may adjust the transmit beamforming to meet a transmission requirement or criterion (e.g., using suboptimal beamforming but at a higher transmit power). In this case, the UE may consider the transmission requirement or criterion when selecting the best beam / precoder.

[0116] 6 illustrates an example of a process flow 600 that supports transmit restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the process flow 600 may implement aspects of wireless communication systems 100 to 500. The process flow 600 may include a base station 105-f and a UE 115-k, which may be examples of corresponding base stations 105 and UEs 115, respectively, as described herein with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. As described herein, the UE 115-k may be an over-the-air capable UE as described herein.

[0117] In the following description of process flow 600, operations between UE 115-k and base station 105-f may be sent in a different order than shown, or operations performed by base station 105-f and UE 115-k may be performed in a different order or at a different time. Certain operations may also be omitted from process flow 600, or other operations may be added to process flow 600. It should be understood that although base station 105-f and UE 115-k are shown performing several operations of process flow 600, any wireless device may perform the operations shown.

[0118] In this example, at 605, the base station 105-f may determine transmission restrictions for one or more frequency bands for different UE types, UE states, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the base station 105-f may determine that at least a first frequency band has an additional transmission mask, and may determine that the additional transmission mask is to be applied to airborne UEs such that the airborne UEs apply a first value of the transmission restriction, while non-airborne UEs apply a second value of the transmission restriction (e.g., no additional transmission restriction). In some cases, the base station 105-f may determine the location of the sensitive device, and may determine one or more parameters for applying the first value of the transmission restriction, such as an altitude threshold, a geo-fence parameter, an area parameter, a directional transmission parameter, or any combination thereof. At 610, the base station 105-f may broadcast the transmission restriction. In some cases, the transmission restriction may be broadcast in a SIB.

[0119] At 615, the base station 105-f and the UE 115-k may perform a connection establishment procedure (e.g., an exchange of random access requests, random access responses, RRC signaling, etc.). In some cases, as part of the connection establishment, the UE 115-k may provide one or more of a UE device type (e.g., airborne UE or terrestrial UE) or a UE state (e.g., airborne or grounded), and the base station 105-f may provide an indication that additional transmit parameters are to be applied for the first frequency band. In some cases, the base station 105-f may provide an indication of an additional transmit mask associated with the first frequency band, the additional transmit mask may provide a first value of a transmit limit to be applied based on the UE device type or state and a second value of the transmit limit. In some cases, the UE 115-k may transmit uplink communications as part of the connection establishment procedure, and the transmit power of such uplink communications may be limited by the transmit limit (e.g., for UEs with air capabilities, all uplink transmissions of the connection establishment procedure may be limited). In some cases, the UE 115-k may optionally send the capability indication separately from the connection establishment procedure at 620. Additionally, the base station 105-f may optionally send DCI or RRC signaling separately from the connection establishment procedure indicating whether an additional transmit mask is to be applied and whether a first value of the transmit limit or a second value of the transmit limit is to be applied by the UE 115-k, based on the UE type / state, at 625.

[0120] At 630, the UE 115-k may determine transmission limitations based on the UE type / state. In some cases, the UE 115-k may determine a current state, such as whether the UE 115-k is above or below a height threshold, whether the UE 115-k is in a geo-fenced space, whether the directionality of the UE 115-k transmissions is toward or away from sensitive devices, or any combination thereof. Based on the determined state, the UE 115-k may determine transmission limitations to apply to uplink transmissions.

[0121] At 635, the UE 115-k may determine an uplink transmit power based on the UE type / state and the determined transmit limit. In the case of a first value of the transmit limit to be applied, the UE 115-k may apply the A-MPR to the calculated transmit power in order to comply with the additional transmit limit. In the case of a second value of the transmit limit to be applied, the UE 115-k may not apply any additional power reduction. Optionally, at 640, the UE 115-k may indicate the applied transmit limit to the base station 105-f (e.g., via UCI, PHR, etc.).

[0122] At 645, UE 115-k may send an uplink transmission to base station 105-f, wherein a transmit power of the uplink transmission is determined based on whether additional transmission restrictions are applied to the transmission. At 650, base station 105-f may demodulate and decode the uplink transmission of UE 115-k.

[0123] 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communication manager 715, and a transmitter 720. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0124] The receiver 710 may receive information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices, etc.), such as packets, user data, or control information. The information may be delivered to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0125] The communication manager 715 may: receive an indication of one or more transmission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first transmission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determine to apply a first value of the first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction.

[0126] The communication manager 715 may also: receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction. The communication manager 715 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1010 described herein.

[0127] The UE communication manager 715 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 715 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0128] The communication manager 715 or its subcomponents can be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 715 or its subcomponents can be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 715 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0129] The transmitter 720 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 705. In some examples, the transmitter 720 can be collocated with the receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 720 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG10. The transmitter 720 can utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0130] In some examples, the communication manager 715 may be implemented as an integrated circuit or chipset for a mobile device modem, and the receiver 710 and transmitter 720 (or a transceiver module including the receiver 710 and the transmitter 720) may be implemented as analog components (e.g., amplifiers, filters, antennas) coupled to the mobile device modem to enable wireless transmission and reception on one or more frequency bands.

[0131] The communication manager 715 described herein may be implemented to obtain one or more potential advantages. In some implementations of the present disclosure, the communication manager 715 may identify emission restrictions based on the device type, device state, or a combination thereof of the device 705. Thus, the communication manager 715 may more optimally restrict emission based on the type or state of the device 705, which may result in greater system flexibility. Furthermore, given greater flexibility and more optimal emission restrictions based on the type or state of the device 705, the communication manager 715 may experience greater achievable throughput, increased spectral efficiency, and increased likelihood of successful communication between the device 705 and the base station.

[0132] Furthermore, as a potential result of an increased likelihood of successful communications between device 705 and a base station, communications manager 715 may spend less time performing computational or processing tasks associated with sending or receiving signals, which may enable communications manager 715 (in whole or in part, such as select subcomponents) to enter sleep mode for longer durations or more frequently, which may increase power savings and battery life of communications manager 715.

[0133] 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of the device 705 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a communication manager 815, and a transmitter 835. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0134] The receiver 810 may receive information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices, etc.), such as packets, user data, or control information. The information may be delivered to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0135] The communication manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 715 described herein. The communication manager 815 may include an emission limitation manager 820, a power control manager 825, and an uplink transmission manager 830. The communication manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1010 described herein.

[0136] In some cases, the emission restriction manager 820 may receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. The power control manager 825 may determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type. The uplink transmission manager 830 may transmit one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0137] In some cases, the emission restriction manager 820 may receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state. The power control manager 825 may determine to apply a first value of the first emission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE state. The uplink transmission manager 830 may transmit one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first emission restriction.

[0138] The transmitter 835 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805. In some examples, the transmitter 835 can be collocated with the receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 835 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The transmitter 835 can utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0139] 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a communication manager 905 supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 905 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 715, the communication manager 815, or the communication manager 1010 described herein. The communication manager 905 may include an emission restriction manager 910, a power control manager 915, an uplink transmission manager 920, a status indication manager 925, a geo-fence manager 930, a transmission directionality manager 935, and a capability indication manager 940. Each of these modules may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0140] The emission restriction manager 910 may receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. In some examples, the emission restriction manager 910 may send an indication of a first device type of the UE to the base station. In some cases, the first UE device type corresponds to a UE capable of airborne operation, and the second UE device type corresponds to a terrestrial UE.

[0141] In some examples, the emission limitation manager 910 may receive an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state.

[0142] In some examples, the transmission restriction manager 910 can receive a reference signal associated with a sensitive device, and wherein, when the signal strength of the received reference signal is at or above a threshold, a first value of the first transmission restriction is used for uplink transmissions, and when the signal strength of the received reference signal is below the threshold, a second value of the first transmission restriction is used for uplink transmissions.

[0143] In some cases, the indication of the one or more emission restrictions is received in a broadcast transmission from the base station. In some cases, the broadcast transmission from the base station includes a system information block transmission indicating an emission restriction list for the first frequency band. In some cases, in response to the transmitted indication of the first device type, the indication of the one or more emission restrictions is received via one or more of: RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the indication of the one or more emission restrictions is received in a control information communication (e.g., DCI) from the base station. In some cases, the indication of the one or more emission restrictions also indicates that the first emission restriction is applied to a UE having an airborne UE device type.

[0144] The power control manager 915 may determine to apply a first value of a first transmission limit to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having a first UE device type.

[0145] In some examples, the power control manager 915 may determine to apply a first value of a first transmission limit to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having a first UE state.

[0146] In some examples, the power control manager 915 may determine a power backoff for one or more uplink transmissions based on the first transmission restriction. In some examples, the power control manager 915 may apply the power backoff as an A-MPR to the one or more uplink transmissions.

[0147] In some examples, the power control manager 915 can send an indication to the base station that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used at the UE for one or more uplink transmissions. In some cases, the indication that explicitly indicates that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used is provided in one or more of an RRC signaling message or a MAC-CE. In some cases, the indication is provided in a power headroom report sent to the base station, the indication implicitly indicating that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used based on the reported power headroom value.

[0148] Uplink transmission manager 920 may send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction.

[0149] The state indication manager 925 may determine the state of the UE as one of an airborne state or a grounded state, and wherein determining the first value to apply the first emission restriction is also based on the determined state of the UE. In some examples, the state indication manager 925 may send an indication of one or more of an altitude or a location of the UE to a base station, and wherein an indication of one or more emission restrictions is received from the base station in response to the altitude or the location of the UE.

[0150] In some cases, the state of the UE is based on an altitude of the UE, and wherein a first value of a first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions when the altitude of the UE is at or above an altitude threshold, and a second value of the first emission restriction is applied to one or more uplink transmissions when the altitude of the UE is less than the altitude threshold. In some cases, the first UE state corresponds to an airborne state and the second UE state corresponds to a grounded state.

[0151] The geofence manager 930 may receive, from a base station, geofence parameters indicating that a first value of a first transmission restriction applies to one or more locations of a UE having a first UE device type, and wherein a second value of the first transmission restriction applies to UEs having the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geofence parameters. In some examples, the geofence manager 930 may determine that the location of the UE is within an area indicated by the geofence parameters, and wherein, based on the UE being within the area indicated by the geofence parameters, the first value of the first transmission restriction is applied to at least a first uplink transmission of the UE.

[0152] In some examples, geofence manager 930 may determine, after sending the first uplink transmission, that a subsequent location of the UE is outside the area indicated by the geofence parameters. In some examples, geofence manager 930 may send at least a second uplink transmission using a second value of the first transmission limit based on the subsequent location of the UE.

[0153] In some cases, the geo-fence parameter indicates one or more of: an area in which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, an altitude above which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, vertices of a polyhedron in which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, a center and radius of a sphere in which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, or any combination thereof. In some cases, when UE location information is not available, the first value of the first emission limit is used for all uplink transmissions.

[0154] The transmit directionality manager 935 may select a suboptimal beam from a second transmit beam subset when a more optimal beam is in the first transmit beam subset, and wherein a second value of the first transmit limit is used for one or more uplink transmissions using the suboptimal beam from the second transmit beam subset.

[0155] In some cases, determining the first value to apply the first transmission limit is also based on a directional antenna pattern of the UE. In some cases, the indication of the one or more transmission limits provides a sensitive location associated with the first value of the first transmission limit. In some cases, when the directional antenna pattern is oriented away from the sensitive location, the second value of the first transmission limit is applied to uplink transmissions. In some cases, when the directional antenna pattern is oriented toward the sensitive location, the first value of the first transmission limit is applied to uplink transmissions.

[0156] In some cases, the indication of one or more transmission limitations provides an indication of a first transmit beam subset associated with a first value of a first transmission limitation, and wherein a second transmit beam subset is associated with a second value of the first transmission limitation. In some cases, the indication of one or more transmission limitations includes one or more angular constraints associated with the first value of the first transmission limitation, and wherein uplink transmissions within the one or more angular constraints are to use the first value of the first transmission limitation, and uplink transmissions outside the one or more angular constraints are to use the second value of the first transmission limitation. In some cases, the first value of the first transmission limitation is used when one or more of a position or orientation of the UE is unknown.

[0157] The capability indication manager 940 may send an indication to the base station indicating that the UE has additional UE capabilities of the first UE device type, and wherein the indication of one or more emission restrictions for the first frequency band sent by the base station to the UE provides the additional UE capabilities indicating the first UE device type. In some examples, the capability indication manager 940 may receive an indication indicating that an access class barring for the UE having the first device type is not accepted at the base station.

[0158] FIG10 shows a schematic diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of a device 705, a device 805, or a UE 115 as described herein or include a component of the device 705, a device 805, or a UE 115. The device 1005 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, including a UE communication manager 1010, an I / O controller 1015, a transceiver 1020, an antenna 1025, a memory 1030, and a processor 1040. These components may be coupled (e.g., in electronic communication) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1045).

[0159] The communication manager 1010 may: receive an indication of one or more transmission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first transmission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determine to apply a first value of the first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction.

[0160] The communication manager 1010 may also: receive an indication of one or more transmission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first transmission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determine to apply the first value of the first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having the first UE device type; and send one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction.

[0161] I / O controller 1015 can manage the input and output signals of device 1005. I / O controller 1015 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 1005. In some cases, I / O controller 1015 can represent physical connection or port to external peripheral devices. In some cases, I / O controller 1015 can utilize operating system, such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX® or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 1015 can represent modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen or similar device or interact with it. In some cases, I / O controller 1015 can be implemented as a part of processor. In some cases, users can interact with device 1005 via I / O controller 1015 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1015.

[0162] As described herein, transceiver 1020 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links. For example, transceiver 1020 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1020 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to an antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from an antenna.

[0163] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1025. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0164] The memory 1030 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1030 may also contain, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0165] Processor 1040 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1040. Processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1030) to cause device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support emission restriction indication technology for over-the-air wireless devices).

[0166] The code 1035 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the processor 1040, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0167] FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of aspects of the base station 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1120. The device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0168] The receiver 1110 may receive information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices, etc.), such as packets, user data, or control information. The information may be delivered to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0169] The communications manager 1115 may: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0170] The communication manager 1115 may also: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least the first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation. The communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1410 described herein.

[0171] The UE communication manager 1115 or its subcomponents may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 1115 or its subcomponents may be performed by a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0172] The communication manager 1115 or its subcomponents can be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 1115 or its subcomponents can be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 1115 or its subcomponents can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to I / O components, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0173] The transmitter 1120 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1120 can be collocated with the receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1020 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1320 described with reference to FIG. 13. The transmitter 1120 can utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0174] The communication manager 1115 may include one or more components of an integrated circuit and may be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. In some implementations, the communication manager 1115 may control the transmission restrictions for each of the plurality of UEs based on the device type, device state, or a combination thereof of each of the plurality of UEs. Thus, the communication manager 1115 may experience greater flexibility in scheduling decisions, parameter settings, and any other operations that the scheduling device may perform.

[0175] In some examples, given that the emission restrictions for different UEs are controlled based on the type or state of each of the different UEs, the communication manager 1115 can more optimally determine the emission restrictions for each of the different UEs. In such an example, the communication manager 1115 can promote a greater achievable throughput in the cell served by the device 1105. Therefore, devices communicating in the cell served by the device 1105 can achieve faster data rates, experience lower latency, and in some cases experience an increase in the likelihood of successful communication. As a potential result of the increased likelihood of successful communication, the communication manager 1115 can perform fewer operations associated with scheduling, receiving, or allocating resources to different UEs, which can increase the spectral efficiency of the system and enable the communication manager 1115 to save power to a greater extent.

[0176] FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of the device 1105 or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a communication manager 1215, and a transmitter 1230. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0177] The receiver 1210 may receive information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices, etc.), such as packets, user data, or control information. The information may be delivered to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0178] The communications manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1115 described herein. The communications manager 1215 may include an emission limitation manager 1220 and an uplink transmission manager 1225. The communications manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1410 described herein.

[0179] In some cases, the emission limitation manager 1220 may send an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. The uplink transmission manager 1225 may receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least the first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first emission limitation.

[0180] In some cases, the emission limitation manager 1220 may send an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state. The uplink transmission manager 1225 may receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least the first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first emission limitation.

[0181] The transmitter 1230 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the transmitter 1230 can be collocated with the receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1230 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The transmitter 1230 can utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0182] 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a communication manager 1305 supporting transmission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 1305 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1115, the communication manager 1215, or the communication manager 1410 described herein. The communication manager 1305 may include an emission restriction manager 1310, an uplink transmission manager 1315, a status indication manager 1320, a capability indication manager 1325, a geo-fence manager 1330, a power control manager 1335, and a transmission directionality manager 1340. Each of these modules may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0183] The emission limitation manager 1310 may send an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least a first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type.

[0184] In some examples, the emission restriction manager 1310 may send an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state. In some cases, the first UE device type corresponds to a UE capable of airborne operation, and the second UE device type corresponds to a terrestrial UE. In some cases, the indication of the one or more emission restrictions is provided in a broadcast transmission from a base station. In some cases, the broadcast transmission from the base station includes a system information block transmission indicating a list of emission restrictions for the first frequency band. In some cases, the indication of the one or more emission restrictions also indicates that the first emission restriction is applied to a UE having an airborne UE device type.

[0185] The uplink transmission manager 1315 may receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least the first UE having a transmission power of a first value based on the first transmission limit. In some examples, the uplink transmission manager 1315 may receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least the first UE having a transmission power of a first value based on the first transmission limit.

[0186] The state indication manager 1320 may receive an indication of one or more of an altitude or a location of a first UE, and wherein an indication of one or more emission limitations is sent in response to the altitude or the location of the UE. In some cases, the indication of one or more emission limitations also provides states associated with a first value and a second value of the first emission limitation, and wherein the airborne state is associated with the first value and the grounded state is associated with the second value.

[0187] In some cases, the air state is based on the altitude of the UE, and wherein, when the altitude of the first UE is at or above an altitude threshold, a first value of the first emission limit is applied to one or more uplink transmissions, and when the altitude of the first UE is less than the altitude threshold, a second value of the first emission limit is applied to one or more uplink transmissions.

[0188] The capability indication manager 1325 may receive an indication of the first device type from the first UE. In some examples, the capability indication manager 1325 may receive an indication of additional UE capabilities of the first device type from the first UE, and wherein an indication of one or more transmission restrictions for the first frequency band is sent to the UE, providing an indication of the additional UE capabilities of the first device type.

[0189] In some examples, capability indication manager 1325 may send an indication that access class barring for UEs having a first device type is not accepted at the base station. In some cases, in response to receiving the indication of the first device type, one or more indications of transmission restrictions are sent to the first UE via one or more of: RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or any combination thereof.

[0190] The geofence manager 1330 may send a geofence parameter with an indication of one or more transmission limitations, wherein the geofence parameter indicates that a first value of a first transmission limitation applies to one or more locations of UEs having a first UE device type, and wherein a second value of the first transmission limitation applies to UEs having the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geofence parameter. In some examples, the geofence manager 1330 may send a geofence parameter indicating one or more locations where the first value of the first transmission limitation applies, and wherein the second value of the first transmission limitation applies to UEs outside of the locations indicated by the geofence parameter.

[0191] In some cases, the geo-fence parameter indicates one or more of: an area in which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, an altitude above which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, vertices of a polyhedron in which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, a center and radius of a sphere in which the first value of the first emission limit is to be used, or any combination thereof. In some cases, when UE location information is not available, the first value of the first emission limit is used for all uplink transmissions.

[0192] The power control manager 1335 may receive an indication from the first UE that a first value of the first transmission limit is being used at the first UE for one or more uplink transmissions. In some cases, a power backoff for the one or more uplink transmissions is determined based on the first transmission limit and applied as an additional maximum power reduction. In some cases, an indication is provided in one or more of an RRC signaling message or a MAC-CE that explicitly indicates that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used. In some cases, an indication is provided in a power headroom report sent to the base station that implicitly indicates that the first value of the first transmission limit is being used based on the reported power headroom value.

[0193] The transmit directionality manager 1340 may determine a transmit direction from the UE. In some cases, the indication of the one or more transmit limitations also provides a sensitive location associated with a first value of a first transmit limitation, and wherein a second value of the first transmit limitation is applied to uplink transmissions when the directional antenna pattern of the first UE is oriented away from the sensitive location, and the first value of the first transmit limitation is applied to uplink transmissions when the directional antenna pattern is oriented toward the sensitive location.

[0194] In some cases, the indication of one or more transmission limitations provides an indication of a first transmit beam subset associated with a first value of a first transmission limitation, and wherein the second transmit beam subset is associated with a second value of the first transmission limitation.

[0195] In some cases, the indication of one or more transmission limitations includes one or more angular constraints associated with a first value of a first transmission limitation, and wherein uplink transmissions within the one or more angular constraints will use the first value of the first transmission limitation, and wherein uplink transmissions outside of the one or more angular constraints will use a second value of the first transmission limitation.

[0196] 14 shows a schematic diagram of a system 1400 including a device 1405 supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1405 may be an example of or include components of the device 1105, device 1205, or base station 105 as described herein. The device 1405 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1410, a network communication manager 1415, a transceiver 1420, an antenna 1425, a memory 1430, and a processor 1440 and an inter-station communication manager 1445. These components may be coupled (e.g., in electronic communication) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450).

[0197] The communications manager 1410 may: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least a first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0198] The communications manager 1410 may also: send an indication of one or more transmission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first transmission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state; and receive one or more uplink transmissions from at least the first UE having a transmit power based on the first value of the first transmission limitation.

[0199] The network communications manager 1415 may manage communications with the core network (eg, via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1415 may manage the delivery of data communications for client devices such as one or more UEs 115.

[0200] As described herein, transceiver 1420 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links. For example, transceiver 1420 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1420 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to an antenna for transmission, and demodulate packets received from an antenna.

[0201] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1425. However, in some cases, a device may have more than one antenna 1425, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0202] Memory 1430 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1430 may store computer readable code 1435 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1440), cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1430 may also contain, among other things, a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral device components or devices.

[0203] Processor 1440 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1440 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1440. Processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1430) to cause device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support emission restriction indication technology for airborne wireless devices).

[0204] The inter-site communication manager 1445 may manage communications with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating with other base stations 105 to control communications with UE 115. For example, the inter-site communication manager 1445 may coordinate scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-site communication manager 1445 may provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communications between base stations 105.

[0205] The code 1435 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1435 may not be directly executable by the processor 1440, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0206] FIG. 15 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1500 may be implemented by a UE 115 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 1500 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0207] At 1505, the UE may receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least a first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed by an emission restriction manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0208] At 1510, the UE may determine to apply a first value of a first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having a first UE device type. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed by a power control manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0209] At 1515, the UE may transmit one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0210] FIG. 16 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a UE 115 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 1600 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0211] At 1605, the UE may receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least a first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. The operations of 1605 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by an emission restriction manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0212] At 1610, the UE may determine a state of the UE as one of an airborne state or a grounded state, and wherein determining a first value to apply a first emission limit is also based on the state of the UE. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by a state indication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. In some cases, the state of the UE is based on an altitude of the UE, and wherein, when the altitude of the UE is at or above an altitude threshold, a first value of the first emission limit is applied to one or more uplink transmissions, and when the altitude of the UE is less than the altitude threshold, a second value of the first emission limit is applied to one or more uplink transmissions.

[0213] At 1615, the UE may determine to apply a first value of a first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having a first UE device type and an air state. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by a power control manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0214] At 1620, the UE may transmit one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0215] FIG. 17 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a UE 115 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 1700 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIG. 7 to FIG. 10. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0216] At 1705, the UE may receive from a base station a geofence parameter indicating that a first value of a first emission restriction applies to one or more locations of a UE having a first UE device type, and wherein a second value of the first emission restriction applies to UEs having the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geofence parameter. The operations of 1705 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by a geofence manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0217] At 1710, the UE may determine that the location of the UE is within the area indicated by the geofence parameter, and wherein, based on the UE being within the area indicated by the geofence parameter, a first value of a first emission restriction is applied to at least a first uplink transmission of the UE. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by a geofence manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0218] At 1715, the UE may transmit a first uplink transmission from the UE based on a first value of the first transmission restriction. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0219] At 1720, the UE may determine, after sending the first uplink transmission, that a subsequent location of the UE is outside the area indicated by the geo-fence parameter. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed by a geo-fence manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0220] At 1725, the UE may transmit at least a second uplink transmission using a second value of the first transmission restriction based on the subsequent location of the UE. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed by a geo-fence manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0221] FIG. 18 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a base station 105 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14. In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0222] At 1805, the base station may send an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least a first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by an emission restriction manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0223] At 1810, the base station may receive one or more uplink transmissions having a transmit power of a first value based on a first transmission limit from at least a first UE. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0224] FIG. 19 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a base station 105 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 1900 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14. In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0225] At 1905, the base station may send an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least a first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type. The operations of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed by an emission restriction manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0226] At 1910, a base station may send a geofence parameter with or separately from an indication of one or more emission restrictions, wherein the geofence parameter indicates that a first value of a first emission restriction applies to one or more locations of a UE having a first UE device type, and wherein a second value of the first emission restriction applies to UEs having the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geofence parameter. The operations of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed by a geofence manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0227] At 1915, the base station may receive one or more uplink transmissions having a transmit power of a first value based on a first transmission limit from at least the first UE. The operations of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0228] FIG. 20 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by a UE 115 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 2000 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0229] At 2005, the UE may receive an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band from a base station, wherein at least the first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state. The operations of 2005 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2005 may be performed by an emission restriction manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0230] At 2010, the UE may determine to apply a first value of a first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based on the UE having a first UE state. The operations of 2010 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2010 may be performed by a power control manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0231] At 2015, the UE may transmit one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based on the first value of the first transmission restriction. The operations of 2015 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2015 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.

[0232] FIG. 21 shows a flow chart illustrating a method 2100 for supporting emission restriction indication techniques for over-the-air wireless devices according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2100 may be implemented by a base station 105 or a component thereof as described herein. In some examples, the operations of the method 2100 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14. In some examples, a base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described herein. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the functions described herein.

[0233] At 2105, the base station may send an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least a first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first UE state and a second value associated with a second UE state. The operations of 2105 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2105 may be performed by an emission restriction manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0234] At 2110, the base station may receive one or more uplink transmissions having a transmit power of a first value based on a first transmission limit from at least the first UE. The operations of 2110 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2110 may be performed by an uplink transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14.

[0235] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, that operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and that other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0236] The techniques described herein can be used in various wireless communication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. A CDMA system can implement a radio technology such as CDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), etc. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. IS-2000 release versions are often referred to as CDMA20001X, 1X, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) is often referred to as CDMA2000 1xEV-DO, High Speed ​​Packet Data (HRPD), etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. A TDMA system can implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).

[0237] An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE, LTE-A, and LTE-A Pro are versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, and GSM are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP). CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). The techniques described herein may be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned herein as well as other systems and radio technologies. Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may be applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR applications.

[0238] A macro cell typically covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access to UEs with service subscriptions to a network provider. Compared to a macro cell, a small cell may be associated with a low-power base station, and the small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed, etc.) frequency band as the macro cell. According to various examples, a small cell may include a pico cell, a femto cell, and a micro cell. For example, a pico cell may cover a small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access to UEs with service subscriptions to a network provider. A femto cell may also cover a small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may provide limited access to UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.). An eNB for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro eNB. An eNB for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell eNB, a pico eNB, a femto eNB, or a home eNB. An eNB may support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells and may also support communications using one or more component carriers.

[0239] The wireless communication systems described herein may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0240] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0241] The various illustrative blocks and modules described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or executed with a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0242] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or sent via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or a combination of any of these. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0243] Computer-readable media include both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer. As an example and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory media that can be used to carry or store required program code components in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer or a general or special-purpose processor. Moreover, any connection is properly referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves are used to send software from a website, server, or other remote source, the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwaves are included in the definition of the medium. As used herein, disk and disc include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0244] As used herein, including in the claims, "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items terminated by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary operation or step described as "based on condition A" can be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0245] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference number. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference number with a dash and a second reference that distinguishes between similar components. If only the first reference number is used in the specification, the specification applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference number, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numbers.

[0246] The description presented herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describes exemplary configurations and does not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "exemplary" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "superior to other examples." In order to provide an understanding of the described technology, the detailed description includes specific details. However, these technologies may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0247] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but will be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a base station, an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least a first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; determining to apply the first value of the first transmission restriction to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based at least in part on the UE having the first UE device type; and The one or more uplink transmissions are sent from the UE based at least in part on the first value of the first transmission restriction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first UE device type corresponds to a UE capable of airborne operation, and the second UE device type corresponds to a terrestrial UE.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The determining further comprises: A state of the UE is determined to be one of an air state or a ground state, and wherein the determining the first value to apply the first transmission restriction is also based at least in part on the state of the UE.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The state of the UE is based at least in part on a height of the UE, and wherein, when the height of the UE is at or above a height threshold, the first value of the first emission limit is applied to the one or more uplink transmissions, and when the height of the UE is less than the height threshold, the second value of the first emission limit is applied to the one or more uplink transmissions.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The indication of the one or more transmission restrictions is received in a broadcast transmission from the base station.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Sending an indication of the first UE device type of the UE to the base station.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: In response to the transmitted indication of the first UE device type, the indication of the one or more transmission restrictions is received via one or more of: radio resource control signaling, a control element, or any combination thereof.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving, from the base station, geo-fence parameters indicating that the first value of the first transmission restriction applies to one or more locations of UEs of the first UE device type, and wherein the second value of the first transmission restriction applies to UEs of the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geo-fence parameters; and Determine that the location of the UE is within the area indicated by the geo-fence parameters.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: Based at least in part on the UE being within the area indicated by the geo-fence parameter, applying the first value of the first transmission restriction to at least a first uplink transmission of the UE, the method further comprising: After sending the first uplink transmission, determining that a subsequent location of the UE is outside the area indicated by the geo-fence parameter; and Based at least in part on the subsequent location of the UE, at least a second uplink transmission is sent using the second value of the first transmission restriction.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining a power backoff for the one or more uplink transmissions based at least in part on the first transmission restriction; as well as The power backoff is applied as an additional maximum power reduction to the one or more uplink transmissions.

11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: An indication is sent to the base station that the first value of the first transmission restriction is being used at the UE for the one or more uplink transmissions.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The determining of the first value to apply the first transmission limitation is also based at least in part on a directional antenna pattern of the UE.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: the indication of the one or more emission limits providing a sensitive location associated with the first value of the first emission limit; applying the second value of the first transmission limit to uplink transmissions when the directional antenna pattern is oriented away from the sensitive location; as well as The first value of the first transmission limit is applied to uplink transmissions when the directional antenna pattern is oriented toward the sensitive location.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The indication of the one or more transmission constraints provides an indication of a first subset of transmit beams associated with the first value of the first transmission constraint, and wherein a second subset of transmit beams is associated with a second value of the first transmission constraint.

15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: A suboptimal beam is selected from the second transmit beam subset when a more optimal beam is in the first transmit beam subset, and wherein the second value of the first transmit limit is used for the one or more uplink transmissions using the suboptimal beam from the second transmit beam subset.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The indication of the one or more transmission limitations includes one or more angular constraints associated with the first value of the first transmission limitation, and wherein uplink transmissions within the one or more angular constraints will use the first value of the first transmission limitation, and wherein the uplink transmissions outside the one or more angular constraints will use the second value of the first transmission limitation.

17. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: An indication of one or more of an altitude or a location of the UE is sent to the base station, and wherein the indication of the one or more emission limitations is received from the base station in response to the altitude or the location of the UE.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein: The indication of the one or more transmission restrictions is received in a control information communication from the base station.

19. The method of claim 1, further comprising: An indication is sent to the base station indicating that the UE has additional UE capabilities of the first UE device type, and wherein the indication of the one or more emission restrictions for the first frequency band is sent by the base station to the UE, providing the additional UE capabilities indicating the first UE device type.

20. A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: transmitting an indication of one or more emission restrictions for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least a first emission restriction has a first value associated with a first user equipment (UE) device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; One or more uplink transmissions are received from at least a first UE having a transmit power of the first value based at least in part on the first transmission limit.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The first UE device type corresponds to a UE capable of airborne operation, and the second UE device type corresponds to a terrestrial UE.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The indication of the one or more emission limits further provides states associated with the first value and the second value of the first emission limit, and wherein an air state is associated with the first value and a ground state is associated with the second value.

23. The method of claim 20, further comprising: An indication of the first UE device type is received from the first UE.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein: In response to the received indication of the first UE device type, the indication of the one or more transmission restrictions is sent to the first UE via one or more of: radio resource control signaling, a control element, or any combination thereof.

25. The method of claim 20, further comprising: Sending a geo-fence parameter having the indication of the one or more transmission restrictions, wherein the geo-fence parameter indicates that the first value of the first transmission restriction applies to one or more locations of UEs having the first UE device type, and wherein the second value of the first transmission restriction applies to UEs having the first UE device type that are outside of the one or more locations indicated by the geo-fence parameter.

26. The method of claim 20, wherein: A power backoff for the one or more uplink transmissions is determined based at least in part on the first transmission restriction and applied as an additional maximum power reduction.

27. The method of claim 20, further comprising: An indication of one or more of an altitude or a location of the first UE is received, and wherein the indication of the one or more transmission limitations is sent in response to the altitude or the location of the UE.

28. The method of claim 20, further comprising: An indication of additional UE capabilities indicative of the first UE device type is received from the first UE, and wherein the indication of the one or more emission restrictions for the first frequency band is sent to a UE providing the additional UE capabilities indicative of the first UE device type.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: means for receiving, from a base station, an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first UE device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; means for determining to apply the first value of the first transmission limit to one or more uplink transmissions of the UE based at least in part on the UE having the first UE device type; and Means for transmitting the one or more uplink transmissions from the UE based at least in part on the first value of the first transmission restriction.

30. An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: means for transmitting an indication of one or more emission limitations for at least a first frequency band, wherein at least the first emission limitation has a first value associated with a first user equipment (UE) device type and a second value associated with a second UE device type; Means for receiving, from at least a first UE, one or more uplink transmissions having a transmit power based at least in part on the first transmit limit.

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