Display module, preparation method thereof and display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a display module, a preparation method thereof and a display device. The display module comprises a substrate, a plurality of vibration units, an acoustic transmission layer and a display panel, the vibration units are located on one side of the substrate, and a spacing area is arranged between every two adjacent vibration units; the acoustic transmission layer is located on the sides, away from the substrate, of the multiple vibration units, the acoustic transmission layer comprises a sound transmission part and a sound insulation part, the sound transmission part and the vibration units are arranged correspondingly, and the orthographic projection of the sound transmission part on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration units on the substrate are at least partially overlapped; the sound transmission parts are used for transmitting sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration units in the first preset direction, and the sound insulation parts are used for blocking sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration units in the second preset direction; the display panel is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the transmission layer. According to the technical scheme, the risk of mutual crosstalk between adjacent vibration units can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display devices, and in particular to a display module and a preparation method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Ultrasonic sensors are sensors that can convert ultrasonic signals into other energy signals such as electrical signals. Ultrasonic waves are mechanical waves with a vibration frequency greater than 20kHz. They have the characteristics of high frequency, short wavelength, and small diffraction phenomenon. In particular, they have good directionality and can become rays and propagate in a directional manner. In related technologies, capacitive micro-machined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) have the advantages of easy arraying and high integration. However, there is still the problem of crosstalk between ultrasonic signals between capacitive micro-machined ultrasonic transducers, which affects the performance of capacitive micro-machined ultrasonic transducers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display module and a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] As a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, including:

[0005] substrate substrate;

[0006] A plurality of vibration units are located on one side of the substrate, and a spacing area is provided between adjacent vibration units;

[0007] An acoustic transmission layer, located on a side of the plurality of vibration units away from the base substrate, the acoustic transmission layer comprising a sound-transmitting portion and a sound-insulating portion, the sound-transmitting portion being arranged corresponding to the vibration unit, and an orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit on the base substrate, the sound-transmitting portion being used to transmit sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion being used to block sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a second preset direction;

[0008] The display panel is located on the side of the acoustic transmission layer away from the base substrate.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the orthographic projection of the vibration unit on the base substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding sound-transmitting portion on the base substrate, and the sound-isolating portion is arranged around the outer periphery of the sound-transmitting portion.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the sound insulation portion is a cavity structure.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the material of the sound-transmitting portion is different from the material of the sound-insulating portion;

[0012] Wherein, the ratio of the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part to the acoustic impedance of the sound-insulating part is greater than or equal to 5; or, the ratio of the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part to the acoustic impedance of the sound-insulating part is less than or equal to 0.2.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the sound-transmitting part and the sound-insulating part are made of the same material, and the sound-insulating part is provided with a cavity; and / or the sound-insulating part is doped with a filler.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the Young's modulus of the material of the sound-transmitting portion is 1E7-1E8 Pa; and / or, the material density of the sound-transmitting portion is 900-1200 kg / m3; and / or, the Poisson's ratio of the material of the sound-transmitting portion is 0.2-0.3.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting portion have the same shape, both of which are cylindrical; or, the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting portion have different shapes, the vibration unit is cylindrical, and the sound-transmitting portion is conical.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion gradually decreases in a direction away from the base substrate; or, the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion gradually increases in a direction away from the base substrate.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion close to the substrate substrate to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion away from the substrate substrate is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3; or, the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion close to the substrate substrate to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion away from the substrate substrate is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the display module further includes:

[0019] A first electrode layer, located on one side of the substrate, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes;

[0020] A first insulating layer, located on a side of the first electrode layer away from the substrate;

[0021] A second insulating layer is located on a side of the first insulating layer away from the base substrate, the second insulating layer includes a diaphragm portion, a vibration cavity is formed between the diaphragm portion and the first insulating layer, and an orthographic projection of the vibration cavity on the base substrate is located within an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the base substrate;

[0022] A second electrode layer is located on a side of the second insulating layer away from the base substrate, the second electrode layer comprises a second electrode, an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the vibration cavity on the base substrate, and the first electrode, the vibration cavity and the second electrode form a vibration unit;

[0023] A third insulating layer is located on a side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate;

[0024] The encapsulation layer is located on a side of the third insulating layer away from the base substrate, and the display panel is located on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the base substrate.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting portion is Z1, the acoustic impedance of the display panel is Z2, and the acoustic impedance of the encapsulation layer is Z3, wherein:

[0026] In some possible implementations, a channel structure is provided in the spacing region between adjacent vibration units, the channel structure is provided around the vibration cavity, and the channel structure is located on the third insulating layer and / or the packaging layer.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the size of the interval area between adjacent vibration units in the first direction is greater than 45 μm, and / or the size of the interval area between adjacent vibration units in the first direction is less than 75 μm, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the vibration unit array.

[0028] As a second aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a display module, comprising:

[0029] Providing a substrate, forming a plurality of vibration units on one side of the substrate, and providing a spacing area between adjacent vibration units;

[0030] An acoustic transmission layer is formed on a side of the vibration unit facing away from the base substrate, the acoustic transmission layer comprising a sound-transmitting portion and a sound-insulating portion, the sound-transmitting portion is arranged corresponding to the vibration unit, an orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit on the base substrate, the sound-transmitting portion is used to transmit sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion is used to block sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a second preset direction;

[0031] A display panel is provided, which is arranged on a side of the acoustic transmission layer facing away from the base substrate.

[0032] As a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device, comprising the display module of any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve the following beneficial effects: the risk of mutual crosstalk of sound wave signals between adjacent vibration units can be reduced.

[0034] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present disclosure will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the multiple drawings represent the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings only depict some embodiments according to the present disclosure and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 1 is a plan view of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration unit and a sound insulation part of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound insulation part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Fig.12 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Fig.13 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the display module after the third insulating layer is formed in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Description of reference numerals:

[0051] 1. Display module; 10. Base substrate; 20. Acoustic transmission layer; 30. Display panel; 11. First electrode layer; 12. First insulating layer; 13. Second insulating layer; 14. Second electrode layer; 15. Third insulating layer; 16. Encapsulation layer; 100. Vibration unit; 21. Sound-transmitting part; 22. Sound-insulating part; 111. First electrode; 131. Diaphragm part; 141. Second electrode; 200. Channel structure; 221. Cavity; 222. Filler; 17. Buffer layer; 18. Sacrificial layer; 19. Filling layer; 151. Via hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0053] In the related art, ultrasonic transducers can be applied to application scenarios such as touch screens or fingerprint recognition. Ultrasonic transducers can generate and detect ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic detection generally requires the setting of multiple ultrasonic transducers to simultaneously transmit and receive ultrasonic signals. The ultrasonic transducer can be equivalently regarded as a spherical piston sound source. The ultrasonic signal emitted by such a spherical piston sound source can propagate upward longitudinally and horizontally, and there may be ultrasonic crosstalk between ultrasonic transducers. For example, the ultrasonic transducer is a capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic signals of adjacent capacitive micromechanical ultrasonic transducers crosstalk with each other, which is not conducive to the transmission and collection of ultrasonic signals.

[0054] In order to solve the problem of crosstalk between ultrasonic signals of a display module in the related art, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module. The technical solution of the display module is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 is a plan view of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 Can be Figure 1 AA cross-section diagram of the Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module 1 , which may include a base substrate 10 , a plurality of vibration units 100 , an acoustic transmission layer 20 and a display panel 30 .

[0056] Exemplarily, a plurality of vibration units 100 are located on one side of the base substrate 10, and a spacing area is provided between adjacent vibration units 100. The acoustic transmission layer 20 is located on the side of the plurality of vibration units 100 that is away from the base substrate 10. The acoustic transmission layer 20 includes a sound-transmitting portion 21 and a sound-insulating portion 22, the sound-transmitting portion 21 is provided corresponding to the vibration unit 100, and the orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10.

[0057] The orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10, so that the sound-transmitting portion 21 can transmit the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 along the first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion 22 is used to block the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 along the second preset direction. The display panel 30 is located on the side of the acoustic transmission layer 20 away from the base substrate 10.

[0058] Exemplarily, the first preset direction may be a direction perpendicular to the vibration unit 100, and the second preset direction may be a direction in which the plurality of vibration units 100 are arranged and distributed. Exemplarily, the first preset direction may be a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10, and the second preset direction may be a direction parallel to the base substrate 10. The sound-transmitting portion 21 may transmit the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 to the display panel in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10 or transmit the received sound waves to the vibration unit 100 in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10. The sound-insulating portion 22 may suppress and block the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 from propagating in a direction parallel to the base substrate 10.

[0059] In the related art, the vibration unit 100 can vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10 to generate sound waves, and the sound waves of two adjacent vibration units 100 may have mutual crosstalk in a direction parallel to the base substrate 10, thereby affecting the performance of the display module. Moreover, the display module of the related art may have adverse effects due to fluctuations in the preparation process of the vibration unit 100. The two sides of the diaphragm part of the vibration unit 100 are rounded or arc-shaped, which may also affect the performance of the vibration unit 100.

[0060] In the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure, an acoustic transmission layer 20 is arranged between the display panel 30 and the vibration unit 100. The acoustic transmission layer 20 includes a sound-transmitting portion 21 and a sound-insulating portion 22. The sound-transmitting portion 21 can transmit sound waves along a first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion 22 can block the sound waves generated by the vibration unit 100 from being transmitted along a second preset direction. Thus, in the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound-insulating portion 22 can reduce or eliminate the propagation of sound waves generated by adjacent vibration units 100 in a direction parallel to the base substrate 10, thereby reducing the risk of mutual crosstalk between adjacent vibration units 100 in a direction parallel to the base substrate 10, and achieving an effect of reducing ultrasonic crosstalk by more than 10%. Moreover, the acoustic transmission layer 20 can increase the load on the vibration unit 100, so that under the same process fluctuation, the influence of process fluctuation and non-uniformity on the vibration unit 100 can be reduced. The acoustic transmission layer 20 can also reduce the sudden change effect caused by the fixed boundaries on both sides of the diaphragm of the vibration unit 100. At the same time, the acoustic transmission layer 20 can also provide buffer protection for the vibration unit 100, thereby improving the performance of the display module.

[0061] In one embodiment, the display panel 30 may include a plurality of sub-pixel regions (not shown in the figure), and the orthographic projection of the vibration unit 100 on the display panel 30 may fall into the sub-pixel region, and the number of the vibration units 100 may be the same as the number of the sub-pixel regions. The plurality of vibration units 100 correspond to the plurality of sub-pixel regions one by one. The orthographic projection of each vibration unit 100 on the display panel 30 falls into the corresponding sub-pixel region.

[0062] In one embodiment, the display panel 30 may be an organic light emitting diode display panel (OLED), or the display panel 30 may also be an MLED (Mini & Micro) display panel, or the display panel 30 may also be a liquid crystal display panel (LCD).

[0063] Reference Figure 2As shown, the display module 1 may further include a first electrode layer 11, a first insulating layer 12, a second insulating layer 13, a second electrode layer 14, a third insulating layer 15 and an encapsulation layer 16. The first electrode layer 11 is located on one side of the base substrate 10, and the first electrode layer 11 includes a plurality of first electrodes 111. The first insulating layer 12 is located on the side of the first electrode layer 11 away from the base substrate 10. The second insulating layer 13 is located on the side of the first insulating layer 12 away from the base substrate 10, and the second insulating layer 13 includes a diaphragm portion 131, and a vibration cavity P is formed between the diaphragm portion 131 and the first insulating layer 12, and the orthographic projection of the vibration cavity P on the base substrate 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the first electrode 111 on the base substrate 10. The second electrode layer 14 is located on the side of the second insulating layer 13 away from the base substrate 10, and the second electrode layer 14 includes a second electrode 141, and the orthographic projection of the second electrode 141 on the base substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the vibration cavity P on the base substrate. The third insulating layer 15 is located on a side of the second electrode layer 14 that is away from the substrate 10 . The encapsulation layer 16 is located on a side of the third insulating layer 15 that is away from the substrate 10 .

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, illustratively, a buffer layer 17 is further disposed between the base substrate 10 and the first electrode layer 11 .

[0065] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first electrode 111, the vibration cavity P and the second electrode 141 form a vibration unit, and the vibration unit is an ultrasonic sensor (CMUT). A first voltage signal is loaded between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, a capacitor can be formed between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, and the diaphragm portion 131 can be bent and deformed toward the side close to the first electrode 111 under the action of the electric field. When a high-frequency AC voltage is loaded between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, the diaphragm portion 131 can reciprocate in the direction close to the first electrode 111 and away from the first electrode 111, and generate vibration waves in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10, thereby realizing the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy. The diaphragm portion 131 generates ultrasonic waves in the direction away from the substrate 10, and the ultrasonic waves can be reflected on the surface of the object to be measured and returned to the vibration unit 100 to be received by the diaphragm portion 131. When a second voltage signal is loaded between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, the diaphragm portion 131 is in a balanced state under the action of the electric field and the restoring force of the diaphragm portion 131. When the ultrasonic sensor receives the returned sound wave and acts on the diaphragm 131, the sound wave can cause the diaphragm to vibrate, and the spacing of the vibration cavity P changes, thereby causing the capacitance of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141 to change, thereby generating a detectable electrical signal. Therefore, the mutual crosstalk of the sound wave signal may affect the detection performance of the vibration unit, and thus may affect the performance of the display module.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration unit 100 is formed by a first electrode 111, a vibration cavity P and a second electrode 141. Adjacent vibration units 100 are arranged at intervals. The vibration unit 100 includes a plurality of film layers, such as Figure 2 The partial membrane layers forming the diaphragm portion 131 may be continuously arranged, and the interval arrangement of the vibration unit 100 may be expressed as the interval arrangement of the vibration cavity P or may represent one or more interval arrangements of the plurality of membrane layers of the vibration unit 100 .

[0067] In one embodiment, the substrate 10 may be a rigid substrate. For example, the rigid substrate may be a glass substrate or a polymethyl methacrylate substrate. In other embodiments, the substrate 10 may be a flexible substrate. For example, the flexible substrate may be any one of a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, a polyimide substrate, or an ultra-thin glass. The material of the substrate is not limited here and may be selected according to actual conditions.

[0068] Exemplarily, a thin film transistor may be further provided in the base substrate 10, and the thin film transistor may be connected to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, and the thin film transistor may be used to provide an electrical signal to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141 to control the vibration cavity P to make a sound. For example, the thin film transistor may provide a first electrode signal to the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, so that a capacitor is formed between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 141, and the diaphragm portion may reciprocate under the action of static electricity, thereby controlling the vibration cavity P to vibrate and make a sound.

[0069] Exemplarily, the material of the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 14 may be metal, such as at least one of copper, aluminum and the like.

[0070] Exemplarily, the second insulating layer 13 serves as a vibration membrane layer, and the material of the second insulating layer 13 may be an inorganic material, such as one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum oxide.

[0071] Exemplarily, the material of the second insulating layer 13 may also be an organic material, such as one of acrylic materials, polyimide, etc. Exemplarily, the material of the second insulating layer 13 may be a single layer, or the material of the second insulating layer 13 may also be a multi-layer composite layer.

[0072] Reference Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10, and the sound-insulating portion 22 is arranged around the outer periphery of the sound-transmitting portion 21. Locating the orthographic projection of the vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10 within the orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate can reduce sound wave loss. Enclosing the sound-insulating portion 22 around the outer periphery of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can better block sound waves from propagating outward in a direction parallel to the base substrate 10.

[0073] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, the orthographic projection of the vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10 .

[0074] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the sound insulation part 22 is a cavity structure. The sound insulation part 22 of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure is air, and the sound-transmitting part 21 can be formed by a single patterning process when forming the acoustic transmission layer 20. The display panel 30 is supported by the sound-transmitting part 21, and the cavity structure formed by the relative parts of the display panel 30 and the vibration unit 100. The cavity structure can be a vacuum cavity or a cavity structure with air, and the cavity structure can achieve the purpose of blocking signal crosstalk between adjacent vibration units 100. It should be noted that Figure 5 The black marked part can be represented as a cavity structure.

[0075] The acoustic impedance of the medium of the cavity structure (such as vacuum or air) is much smaller than the acoustic impedance of the sound-permeable portion 21. According to the principle of acoustics, the difference in acoustic impedance between two media can be defined as impedance mismatch. The greater the mismatch in acoustic impedance between the two media, the more energy is reflected at the boundary between the two media. Therefore, the sound waves can be reflected at the interface between the sound-permeable portion 21 and the cavity structure. With such a setting, the sound waves will not enter the cavity structure through the interface between the sound-permeable portion 21 and the cavity structure, thereby preventing the sound waves emitted by the vibration unit 100 from being transmitted to the adjacent vibration unit 100 and causing signal crosstalk.

[0076] After the sound waves are reflected back to the sound-transmitting portion 21 by the cavity structure, the sound waves can be transmitted along a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10 through the sound-transmitting portion 21, thereby further increasing the proportion of sound wave energy propagated by the vibration unit 100 along a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10.

[0077] The present disclosure implements, for example, Figure 4 and Figure 5 The display module shown can reduce the process steps and material usage for forming the display module, reduce the risk of mutual crosstalk between adjacent vibration units, and increase the proportion of sound wave energy propagating along the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10 of the vibration unit 100.

[0078] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 is different from the material of the sound-insulating portion 22. The sound-transmitting portion 21 and the sound-insulating portion 22 can be formed separately through two patterning processes, which can increase the load on the side of the vibration unit 100 away from the substrate 10, thereby facilitating the reduction of the adverse effects caused by process fluctuations and non-uniformity, reducing the sudden change effect caused by the fixed boundaries on both sides of the diaphragm portion of the vibration unit 100, and providing buffer protection for the vibration unit 100.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the acoustic impedance of the material of the sound-transmitting part 21 is much greater than the acoustic impedance of the material of the sound-insulating part 22. Exemplarily, the ratio of the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part 21 to the acoustic impedance of the sound-insulating part 22 is greater than or equal to 5. In the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure, according to the acoustic principle, the sound wave is reflected at the interface between the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22. With such a configuration, the sound wave will not enter the sound-insulating part 22 through the interface between the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22, thereby preventing the sound wave emitted by the vibration unit 100 from being transmitted to the adjacent vibration unit 100 to generate signal crosstalk, and the sound wave can be reflected back to the sound-transmitting part 21 by the sound-insulating part, and the sound wave can be transmitted in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 10 through the sound-transmitting part 21, thereby further increasing the proportion of the sound wave energy propagated by the vibration unit 100 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10.

[0080] Reference Figure 2As shown, the material of the sound-transmitting part 21 is different from the material of the sound-insulating part 22, and the acoustic impedance of the material of the sound-transmitting part 21 is much smaller than the acoustic impedance of the material of the sound-insulating part 22. Exemplarily, the ratio of the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part 21 to the acoustic impedance of the sound-insulating part 22 is less than or equal to 0.2. In the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure, according to the acoustic principle, the sound wave is reflected at the interface of the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22. With such a setting, the sound wave will not enter the sound-insulating part 22 through the interface between the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22, thereby preventing the sound wave emitted by the vibration unit 100 from being transmitted to the adjacent vibration unit 100 to generate signal crosstalk, and the sound wave is reflected back to the sound-transmitting part 21 by the sound-insulating part, and the sound wave can be transmitted along the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10 through the sound-transmitting part 21, thereby further increasing the proportion of the sound wave energy propagated by the vibration unit 100 along the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10.

[0081] In one embodiment, the material of the sound insulation part 22 may include a hard metal material. For example, the sound insulation part 22 may include copper or molybdenum.

[0082] In one embodiment, the material of the sound insulation part 22 may include a soft inorganic material. For example, the material of the sound insulation part 22 may include silicone rubber (PDMS) or optical adhesive (OCA).

[0083] The present disclosure implements, for example, Figure 2 In the display module shown, the material of the sound-transmitting part 21 can better transmit sound waves to the display panel 30, and the material of the sound-insulating part 22 can suppress the sound wave signal transmitted from the vibration unit 100. Through the mutual combination of the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22, the sound wave signal of the vibration unit 100 can be transmitted along the direction perpendicular to the base substrate 10 through the sound-transmitting part 21, and the sound-insulating part 22 can suppress the sound wave from being transmitted in the direction parallel to the base substrate 10, thereby achieving the effect of reducing ultrasonic crosstalk.

[0084] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part of the display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22 are made of the same material, and the sound-insulating part 22 is provided with a cavity 221. Exemplarily, the cavity 221 may be a regularly or irregularly shaped gap, for example, the cavity 221 may be circular or elliptical, and the number and size of the cavity 221 are not limited herein.

[0085] The present disclosure implements, for example, Figure 6 and Figure 7The display module shown can set the material of the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22 to be the same, so that when forming the acoustic transmission layer 20, a plurality of cavities 221 can be formed in the area where the sound-insulating part 22 is located, thereby reducing the effect of ultrasonic crosstalk. At the same time, this can also reduce the process steps of forming the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22, and improve the uniformity of the entire display module.

[0086] In one embodiment, the sound-transmitting portion 21 and the sound-insulating portion 22 are made of the same material, and the sound-insulating portion 22 is doped with a filler 222. For example, the filler 222 may be a metal or a carbon nanotube.

[0087] like Figure 6 The acoustic transmission layer 20 portion is shown as a blank oval structure and Figure 7 The black oval structures shown can all be represented as cavities 221 or fillers 222 .

[0088] The display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure can set the material of the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22 to be the same, so that when forming the acoustic transmission layer 20, the material in the area where the sound-insulating part 22 is located can be doped with metal or carbon nanotubes, etc., so as to achieve the effect of reducing ultrasonic crosstalk. At the same time, this can also reduce the process steps of forming the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22, and improve the uniformity of the entire display module.

[0089] In one embodiment, the sound-transmitting part 21 and the sound-insulating part 22 are made of the same material, the sound-insulating part 22 is provided with a cavity 221 , and the sound-insulating part 22 is doped with a filler 222 .

[0090] In one embodiment, the Young's modulus of the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 ranges from 1E7 to 1E8 Pa. Exemplarily, the Young's modulus of the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 may be one of 1E7 Pa, 3E7 Pa, 5E7 Pa, 7E7 Pa, 9E7 Pa, and 1E8 Pa.

[0091] In one embodiment, the density of the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 is 900-1200 kg / m3. For example, the density of the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 may be one of 900 kg / m3, 1000 kg / m3, 1100 kg / m3, and 1200 kg / m3.

[0092] In one embodiment, the Poisson's ratio of the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 is 0.2-0.3. For example, the Poisson's ratio of the material of the sound-transmitting portion 21 may be one of 0.2, 0.22, 0.24, 0.26, 0.28, and 0.3.

[0093] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the vibration unit 100 and the sound-transmitting portion 21 have the same shape, and both the vibration unit 100 and the sound-transmitting portion 21 are cylindrical. The diameter of the cross section of the vibration unit 100 is equal to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21, so that the orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10 completely overlaps with the orthographic projection of the vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10, and the sound waves generated by the vibration unit 100 can be propagated longitudinally through the sound-transmitting portion 21, reducing losses.

[0094] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module in one embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 gradually decreases in the direction away from the base substrate 10. With such a setting, the display module can reduce the sound wave crosstalk while the sound-transmitting portion 21 can also improve the sound wave receiving sensitivity. It should be noted that the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can be circular, and the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can be understood as the diameter of the cross-sectional figure of the sound-transmitting portion 21. The cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can also be a polygon or an ellipse, and the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can be understood as the diameter of the inscribed circle of the figure of the sound-transmitting portion 21.

[0095] Reference Fig. 9 As shown, exemplarily, the vibration unit 100 is cylindrical, the sound-transmitting part 21 is truncated cone-shaped, the diameter of the sound-transmitting part 21 on the side close to the substrate 10 is the largest, the cross-section of the sound-transmitting part 21 on the side close to the substrate 10 coincides with the cross-section of the vibration unit 100, the diameter of the sound-transmitting part 21 on the side away from the substrate 10 is the smallest, and the diameter of the cross-section of the sound-transmitting part 21 decreases linearly in the direction away from the substrate 10.

[0096] Reference Figure 8 As shown, exemplarily, the vibration unit 100 is cylindrical, the sound-transmitting portion 21 is also cylindrical, and the sound-transmitting portion 21 includes at least a first cylindrical portion and a second cylindrical portion, the second cylindrical portion is arranged relative to the first cylindrical portion close to the base substrate 10, and the diameter of the cross section of the second cylindrical portion is greater than the diameter of the cross section of the first cylindrical portion. Of course, the sound-transmitting portion 21 may also include more than two cylindrical portions, which is not limited here, as long as the diameter of the cross section of the entire sound-transmitting portion 21 gradually decreases in the direction away from the base substrate 10.

[0097] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module in one embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig.11Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, in one embodiment, the cross-sectional diameter of the sound-transmitting portion 21 gradually increases in the direction away from the base substrate 10. With such a setting, the display module can achieve the effect of reducing the sound wave crosstalk while the sound-transmitting portion 21 can also amplify the sound wave signal, which can reduce the power consumption of the vibration unit 100. It should be noted that the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can be circular, and the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can be understood as the diameter of the cross-sectional figure of the sound-transmitting portion 21. The cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can also be a polygon or an ellipse, and the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 can be understood as the diameter of the inscribed circle of the figure of the sound-transmitting portion 21.

[0098] Reference Fig.11 As shown, exemplarily, the vibration unit 100 is cylindrical, the sound-transmitting part 21 is truncated cone-shaped, the diameter of the sound-transmitting part 21 on the side close to the substrate 10 is the smallest, the cross-section of the sound-transmitting part 21 on the side close to the substrate 10 coincides with the cross-section of the vibration unit 100, the diameter of the sound-transmitting part 21 on the side away from the substrate 10 is the largest, and the diameter of the cross-section of the sound-transmitting part 21 increases linearly in the direction away from the substrate 10.

[0099] Reference Fig.10 As shown, exemplarily, the vibration unit 100 is cylindrical, the sound-transmitting portion 21 is also cylindrical, and the sound-transmitting portion 21 includes at least a first cylindrical portion and a second cylindrical portion, the second cylindrical portion is arranged relative to the first cylindrical portion close to the substrate 10, and the diameter of the cross section of the second cylindrical portion is smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the first cylindrical portion. Of course, the sound-transmitting portion 21 may also include more than two cylindrical portions, which is not limited here, as long as the diameter of the cross section of the entire sound-transmitting portion 21 gradually increases in the direction away from the substrate 10.

[0100] In one embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the side close to the substrate 10 to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the side away from the substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3. That is, when the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 gradually decreases in the direction away from the substrate 10, by setting the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the side close to the substrate 10 to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the side away from the substrate 10 to be less than or equal to 3, the effect of improving the acoustic wave receiving sensitivity can be ensured, and at the same time, the increase in device power consumption can be avoided.

[0101] In one embodiment, the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 close to the substrate 10 to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 away from the substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1. That is, when the cross-sectional diameter of the sound-transmitting portion 21 gradually increases in the direction away from the substrate 10, the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 close to the substrate 10 to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion 21 away from the substrate 10 is greater than or equal to 1 / 3, and the sound-transmitting portion 21 can amplify the sound wave signal, reduce the power consumption of the vibration unit 100, and avoid affecting the crosstalk effect.

[0102] Reference Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the vibration unit 100 and the sound-transmitting portion 21 have different shapes, the vibration unit 100 is cylindrical, and the sound-transmitting portion 21 is conical.

[0103] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting portion 21 is Z1, the acoustic impedance of the display panel 30 is Z2, and the acoustic impedance of the packaging layer 16 is Z3, wherein, The display module implemented in the present disclosure determines the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting portion 21 according to the acoustic impedances of the display panel 30 and the packaging layer 16 on both sides of the sound-transmitting portion 21 , thereby ensuring the propagation efficiency of sound waves in the sound-transmitting portion 21 .

[0104] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of a display module according to an example of the present disclosure. Fig.12 As shown, in one embodiment, a channel structure 200 is provided in the spacing region between adjacent vibration units 100, the channel structure 200 is provided around the vibration cavity P, and the channel structure 200 is located on the third insulating layer 15 and / or the packaging layer 16. By providing the channel structure in the spacing region between adjacent vibration units 100, when the vibration unit 100 vibrates to generate sound waves, the channel structure 200 can prevent the sound waves from propagating toward the adjacent vibration units 100 in a direction parallel to the substrate 10, thereby avoiding mutual crosstalk between the vibration units 100.

[0105] The display module of the embodiment of the present disclosure forms a channel structure 200 by etching on the third insulating layer 15 and / or the encapsulation layer 16 of the vibration unit, thereby achieving the effect of reducing ultrasonic crosstalk. The manufacturing process of the display module is low in difficulty and easy to manufacture.

[0106] Exemplarily, the channel structure 200 may be located on the third insulating layer 15, or the channel structure 200 may also be located on the encapsulation layer 16, or the channel structure 200 may also be located on the third insulating layer 15 and the encapsulation layer 16. For example, the corresponding channel structure 200 may be formed on the third insulating layer 15 or the encapsulation layer 16 by a patterning process.

[0107] Exemplarily, the channel structure 200 is arranged around the periphery of the vibration cavity P, and the shape of the channel structure 200 may correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the vibration cavity P. For example, the cross-section of the vibration cavity P may be elliptical, and the channel structure 200 may be elliptical. Exemplarily, the cross-section of the vibration cavity P may also be polygonal, and the shape of the channel structure 200 may also be a corresponding polygon. Exemplarily, the cross-section of the vibration cavity P and the shape of the channel structure 200 may both be quadrilaterals. With such an arrangement, the channel structure 200 has a more uniform ability to block adjacent sound wave crosstalk on the peripheral side of the vibration unit 100, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the sound waves generated by the vibration unit 100, and can further improve the performance of the display module.

[0108] Exemplarily, the channel structures 200 may also be arranged along the row direction and the column direction of the vibration unit 100 .

[0109] Fig.13 FIG. 1 is a plan view of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.13 As shown, in one embodiment, the size of the spacing area between adjacent vibration units 100 in the first direction is greater than 45μm, and the first direction is the array arrangement direction of the vibration units 100. The size of the spacing area between adjacent vibration units 100 in the first direction is d1, and d1 is greater than 45μm. The display module of the disclosed embodiment sets the spacing distance between adjacent vibration units 100 to be greater than 45μm. Thereby, the ultrasonic crosstalk between adjacent vibration units 100 can be reduced, which is beneficial to the transmission and collection of ultrasonic signals. With such a setting, the preparation process of the display module is simpler and raw materials can be saved.

[0110] Reference Fig.13 As shown, in one embodiment, the size of the spacing area between adjacent vibration units 100 in the first direction is less than or equal to 75μm, and the size of the spacing area between adjacent vibration units 100 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 45μm, and the first direction is the array arrangement direction of the vibration units 100. Exemplarily, the size of the spacing area between adjacent vibration units 100 in the first direction can be 45μm, 50μm, 55μm, 60μm, 65μm, 70μm, and 75μm. With such a structure, the display module can reduce ultrasonic crosstalk, and at the same time avoid the decrease in density of the vibration unit, which leads to a decrease in resolution, and can ensure the imaging quality of the display module.

[0111] It should be noted that the first direction is the arrangement direction of the vibration units 100 , and the vibration units 100 are arranged in an array along the plane of the base substrate 100 . The first direction can be the row direction of the vibration units 100 , or the first direction can also be the column direction of the vibration units 100 .

[0112] It should be noted that the size of the interval area between adjacent vibration units 100 in the embodiment of the present disclosure in the first direction is not limited herein, and the specific value can be set according to actual usage requirements.

[0113] The present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a display module, the method comprising:

[0114] A base substrate 10 is provided, a plurality of vibration units 100 are formed on one side of the base substrate 10 , and a spacing area is provided between adjacent vibration units 100 .

[0115] An acoustic transmission layer 20 is formed on the side of the vibration unit 100 facing away from the base substrate 10. The acoustic transmission layer 20 includes a sound-transmitting portion 21 and a sound-insulating portion 22. The sound-transmitting portion 21 is arranged corresponding to the vibration unit 100. The orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10. The sound-transmitting portion 21 is used to transmit the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 along the first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion 22 is used to block the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 along the second preset direction.

[0116] A display panel 30 is provided and disposed on a side of the acoustic transmission layer 20 facing away from the base substrate 10 .

[0117] The following is disclosed Figure 2 The preparation process of the display module further illustrates the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be understood that the "patterning process" in the present disclosure, when the patterned material is an inorganic material or a metal layer, the "patterning process" may include processes such as coating photoresist, mask exposure, development, etching, and stripping photoresist. When the patterned material is an organic material (such as a photoresist or an organic resin), the "patterning process" may include processes such as mask exposure and development. The evaporation, deposition, coating, and coating in the present disclosure are all mature preparation processes in the relevant technology.

[0118] The preparation process of the display module may include:

[0119] An insulating film material is deposited on one side of the base substrate 10 to form a buffer layer 17 (Buffer), a metal film material is deposited on the side of the buffer layer 17 facing away from the base substrate 10 to form a first electrode layer 11 (MT1), a plurality of first electrodes 111 are formed through a patterning process, an insulating film material is deposited on the side of the first electrode layer 11 facing away from the base substrate 10 to form a first insulating layer 12 (PVX1), a sacrificial layer 18 is formed on the side of the first insulating layer 12 facing away from the base substrate 10, the orthographic projection of the sacrificial layer 18 on the base substrate 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the first electrode 111 on the base substrate 10, a second insulating layer 13 is formed on the side of the sacrificial layer 18 facing away from the base substrate 10, a metal film is deposited on the side of the second insulating layer 13 facing away from the base substrate 10 to form a second electrode layer 14, a second electrode 141 is formed through a patterning process, the orthographic projection of the second electrode 141 on the base substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the vibration cavity P on the base substrate. A third insulating layer 15 is formed on the side of the second electrode layer 14 away from the base substrate 10. The third insulating layer 15 is provided with a via hole 151. The via hole 151 penetrates the third insulating layer 15 and the second insulating layer 13 and exposes the sacrificial layer 18. Fig.14 As shown, Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the display module after the third insulating layer is formed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the via hole 151 can be arranged around the outer periphery of the sacrificial layer 18, and the via hole 151 forms at least a partial channel connected to the sacrificial layer 18. Fig.14 The portion where the via hole 151 communicates with the sacrificial layer 18 is not shown.

[0120] The sacrificial layer 18 is removed by etching to form the vibration cavity P. A filling layer 19 is formed on the side of the third insulating layer 15 facing away from the base substrate 10. The filling layer 19 can fill the via 151 to close the via 151 so that the vibration cavity P becomes a closed cavity. Exemplarily, the filling layer 19 can be an organic material or an inorganic material. An insulating material film is deposited on the side of the filling layer 19 and the third insulating layer 15 facing away from the base substrate 10 to form an encapsulation layer 16. The material of the encapsulation layer 16 can be an inorganic material. For example, one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0121] An acoustic transmission layer 20 is formed on the side of the encapsulation layer 16 facing away from the base substrate 10. Specifically, it may include: depositing a sound-transmitting material layer on the side of the encapsulation layer 16 facing away from the base substrate 10, and forming a sound-transmitting portion 21 through a patterning process; depositing a sound-insulating material layer on the side of the encapsulation layer 16 facing away from the base substrate 10, and forming a sound-insulating portion 22 through a patterning process. The sound-transmitting portion 21 is arranged corresponding to the vibration unit 100, and the orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion 21 on the base substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit 100 on the base substrate 10. The sound-transmitting portion 21 is used to transmit the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 along a first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion 22 is used to block the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit 100 along a second preset direction, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0122] The display panel 30 is attached to the side of the acoustic transmission layer 20 facing away from the base substrate 10 .

[0123] In one embodiment, a sound-transmitting material layer is deposited on the side of the encapsulation layer 16 facing away from the base substrate 10, a sound-transmitting portion 21 is formed by a patterning process, a display panel 30 is bonded to the side of the sound-transmitting portion 21 facing away from the base substrate 10, the display panel 30 is supported by the sound-transmitting portion 21, and a cavity structure is formed in the same layer in the area outside the sound-transmitting portion 21.

[0124] In one embodiment, a sound-transmitting material layer is deposited on the side of the encapsulation layer 16 facing away from the base substrate 10, and a sound-transmitting portion 21 is formed by a patterning process. A sound-transmitting material layer is deposited on the side of the encapsulation layer 16 facing away from the base substrate 10, and a sound-insulating portion 22 is formed by doping air, metal, or carbon nanotubes into the sound-transmitting material layer.

[0125] Yet another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, comprising the display module described in any embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0126] Exemplarily, the display device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be any product or component with display and touch functions, such as a smart phone, a wearable smart watch, smart glasses, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, a car display, an e-book, a biometric device such as a smart skin device, a soft robot, and a biomedical device.

[0127] The display device of the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the display module of any embodiment of the present disclosure. Through the structural setting of the acoustic transmission layer, the ultrasonic crosstalk between adjacent vibration units can be reduced, the proportion of ultrasonic energy propagated by the vibration unit in the first preset direction can be increased, and the process fluctuations can be reduced, and the impact of non-uniformity can be reduced. The acoustic transmission layer can also be used to provide buffering protection for the vibration unit, reducing the effect of ultrasonic crosstalk by more than 10%, thereby improving product competitiveness.

[0128] The display module and other components of the display device in the above-mentioned embodiment may adopt various technical solutions known to ordinary technicians in this field now and in the future, and will not be described in detail here.

[0129] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0130] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0131] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0132] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0133] The disclosure above provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present disclosure. In order to simplify the present disclosure, the components and settings of specific examples are described above. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present disclosure. In addition, the present disclosure can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0134] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: include: substrate substrate; A plurality of vibration units are located on one side of the substrate, and a spacing area is provided between adjacent vibration units; an acoustic transmission layer, located on a side of the plurality of vibration units away from the base substrate, the acoustic transmission layer comprising a sound-transmitting portion and a sound-insulating portion, the sound-transmitting portion being arranged corresponding to the vibration units, and an orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit on the base substrate, the sound-transmitting portion being used to transmit sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion being used to block sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a second preset direction; The display panel is located on a side of the acoustic transmission layer away from the base substrate.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the vibration unit on the base substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding sound-transmitting portion on the base substrate, and the sound-isolating portion is arranged around the outer periphery of the sound-transmitting portion.

3. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound insulation part is a cavity structure.

4. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the sound-transmitting part is different from the material of the sound-insulating part; Wherein, the ratio of the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part to the acoustic impedance of the sound-insulating part is greater than or equal to 5; or, the ratio of the acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part to the acoustic impedance of the sound-insulating part is less than or equal to 0.

2.

5. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound-transmitting part and the sound-insulating part are made of the same material, the sound-insulating part is provided with a cavity; and / or the sound-insulating part is doped with fillers.

6. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The Young's modulus of the sound-transmitting material is 1E7-1E8 Pa; and / or, the density of the sound-transmitting material is 900-1200 kg / m3; and / or, the Poisson's ratio of the sound-transmitting material is 0.2-0.

3.

7. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part have the same shape, both of which are cylindrical; or, the vibration unit and the sound-transmitting part have different shapes, the vibration unit is cylindrical, and the sound-transmitting part is conical.

8. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion gradually decreases in a direction away from the base substrate; or the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion gradually increases in a direction away from the base substrate.

9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion close to the substrate substrate to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion away from the substrate substrate is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3; or, the ratio of the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion close to the substrate substrate to the diameter of the cross section of the sound-transmitting portion away from the substrate substrate is greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

10. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The display module also includes: A first electrode layer, located on one side of the substrate, the first electrode layer comprising a plurality of first electrodes; A first insulating layer, located on a side of the first electrode layer away from the substrate; a second insulating layer, located on a side of the first insulating layer away from the base substrate, the second insulating layer comprising a diaphragm portion, a vibration cavity formed between the diaphragm portion and the first insulating layer, an orthographic projection of the vibration cavity on the base substrate being located within an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the base substrate; a second electrode layer, located on a side of the second insulating layer away from the base substrate, the second electrode layer comprising a second electrode, an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the base substrate at least partially overlapping an orthographic projection of the vibration cavity on the base substrate, and the first electrode, the vibration cavity and the second electrode forming the vibration unit; a third insulating layer, located on a side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate; The encapsulation layer is located on a side of the third insulating layer away from the base substrate, and the display panel is located on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the base substrate.

11. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The acoustic impedance of the sound-transmitting part is Z1, the acoustic impedance of the display panel is Z2, and the acoustic impedance of the encapsulation layer is Z3, wherein:

12. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that: A channel structure is arranged in the spacing area between adjacent vibration units, the channel structure is arranged around the vibration cavity, and the channel structure is located on the third insulating layer and / or the packaging layer.

13. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the interval area between adjacent vibration units in the first direction is greater than 45 μm, and / or the size of the interval area between adjacent vibration units in the first direction is less than 75 μm, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the vibration unit array.

14. A method for preparing a display module, characterized in that: include: Providing a substrate, forming a plurality of vibration units on one side of the substrate, and providing a spacing area between adjacent vibration units; An acoustic transmission layer is formed on a side of the vibration unit away from the base substrate, the acoustic transmission layer includes a sound-transmitting portion and a sound-insulating portion, the sound-transmitting portion is arranged corresponding to the vibration unit, the orthographic projection of the sound-transmitting portion on the base substrate overlaps at least partially with the orthographic projection of the corresponding vibration unit on the base substrate, the sound-transmitting portion is used to transmit the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a first preset direction, and the sound-insulating portion is used to block the sound waves emitted by the corresponding vibration unit along a second preset direction; A display panel is provided, which is arranged on a side of the acoustic transmission layer facing away from the base substrate.

15. A display device, characterized in that: A display module comprising any one of claims 1-13.

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