Composition, light-emitting device using the same, and electronic device and electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device

Abstract

Provided are a composition, a light-emitting device using the same, and an electronic device and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device. The composition includes a solvent including one or more types (types) of a first compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 Z-O-L1-O-(L2-O) n-R1, and a metal oxide that does not include zinc, the solvent including one or more types (types) of a first compound represented by Formula 1: Z-O-L1-O-(L2-O) n-R1.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0104359 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on August 9, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] One or more embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a composition, a light emitting device including the composition, and an electronic device including the light emitting device. Background Art

[0003] A light emitting device is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy. Examples of light emitting devices include organic light emitting devices using organic materials as light emitting materials, quantum dot light emitting devices using quantum dots as light emitting materials, and the like.

[0004] The light emitting device may include a first electrode, a hole transport region, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode arranged in sequence. Holes injected from the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region. Electrons injected from the second electrode may move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. Carriers such as holes and electrons recombine in the emission layer to generate excitons. When the excitons transition and / or relax from an excited state to a ground state, light may be generated. Summary of the invention

[0005] One or more aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a composition that can be relatively easily formed into a film by inkjet printing, a light-emitting device prepared by utilizing the composition and having a relatively low driving voltage, relatively high luminous efficiency and / or relatively long lifetime, and an electronic device including the light-emitting device.

[0006] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented disclosed embodiments.

[0007] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition includes a solvent and a metal oxide that does not contain zinc, the solvent including one or more types (species) of a first compound represented by Formula 1:

[0008] Formula 1

[0009] ZOL 1 -O-(L 2 -O) n -R 1 ,

[0010] Among them, in formula 1,

[0011] Z can be hydrogen or deuterium,

[0012] n may be an integer from 0 to 5, and when n is 2 or greater, a plurality of L 2 can be the same or different from each other,

[0013] L 1 and L 2 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkyne, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0014] R 1 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 )、-N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-B(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-C(=O)(Q1 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 1 ) or -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0015] i) When R 1 When is a straight chain alkyl group and n is 0,

[0016] R 1 Can be combined with L 1 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0017] ii) When R 1 When is a straight chain alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 5,

[0018] R 1 Can be combined with L 2 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0019] iii) When R 1 When is a branched alkyl group and n is 0,

[0020] R 1 Can optionally be combined with L 1 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0021] iv) When R 1 is a branched alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 5,

[0022] R 1 Can optionally be combined with L 2 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0023] R 10a Can be:

[0024] deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0025] Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0026] Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy or C6 -C 60 arylthio; or

[0027] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),and

[0028] Q 1 To Q 3 , Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 can be independently hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C 1 -C 60 Alkyl; C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl; C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl; C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy; or unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 1 -C 60 C alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic or C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0029] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a light emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, and a metal oxide layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and formed by using the composition.

[0030] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes a light emitting device and a thin film transistor electrically connected to the light emitting device.

[0031] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic device includes an electronic device, wherein the electronic device can be at least one selected from a flat panel display, a curved display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a lamp for indoor or outdoor lighting and / or signaling, a head-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a rollable display, a foldable display, a stretchable display, a laser printer, a phone, a tablet computer, a tablet phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a video camera, a viewfinder, a microdisplay, a 3D display, a virtual or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall comprising multiple displays spliced ​​together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated into and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. The above and other aspects, features and advantages of certain embodiments of the disclosure will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a light emitting device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of an electronic device including a light emitting device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 5 is a diagram showing the exterior of a vehicle as an electronic device including a light emitting device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0038] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C Each is schematically shown Figure 5 Diagram of the interior of a vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Now will refer to embodiment in more detail, the example of embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein, in the whole disclosure, the same reference numeral refers to the same element, and for the sake of brevity, its repeated description may not be provided.In this regard, the embodiment of the present disclosure may have different forms, and should not be interpreted as being limited to the description set forth herein.Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure is described only by reference to the accompanying drawings to explain the aspects of the present disclosure.As used herein, the term "and / or" or "or" may include any combination and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.In the whole disclosure, when expressions such as "at least one (kind / person) in ...", "one (kind / person) in ..." and "selected from ... (selected from ...)" are placed before (or after) a column of elements, the entire column of elements is modified, without modifying the individual elements of the column. For example, "at least one of a, b and c", "at least one selected from a, b and c" (at least one selected from a, b and c)", "at least one selected from a to c", etc. may mean only a, only b, only c, both a and b (e.g., a and b at the same time), both a and c (e.g., a and c at the same time), both b and c (e.g., b and c at the same time), all of a, b and c, or variations thereof. Depending on the circumstances, the " / " used herein may be interpreted as "and" or "or".

[0040] As used herein, the term "Group II" may include Group IIA elements and Group IIB elements in the IUPAC periodic table. Examples of Group II elements may include Cd, Mg, and Zn, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0041] As used herein, the term "Group III" may include Group IIIA elements and Group IIIB elements in the IUPAC periodic table. Examples of Group III elements may include Al, In, Ga, and Tl, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0042] As used herein, the term "Group IV" may include Group IVA elements and Group IVB elements in the IUPAC periodic table. Examples of Group IV elements may include Si, Ge, and Sn, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0043] As used herein, the term "Group V" may include Group VA elements in the IUPAC periodic table. Examples of Group V elements may include N, P, As, Sb, and Bi, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0044] As used herein, the term "Group VI" may include Group VIA elements in the IUPAC periodic table. Examples of Group VI elements may include O, S, Se, and Te, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0045] As used herein, the term "metal" may include metalloids such as Si. Examples of metalloids may include B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, and / or Te, among others.

[0046] As used herein, the term "straight chain alkyl" may refer to a straight chain alkyl (i.e., a normal alkyl). As used herein, the term "branched chain alkyl" may refer to an alkyl having an alkyl as a side substituent (such as an isoalkyl, a secondary alkyl, a tertiary alkyl, etc.).

[0047] Composition

[0048] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, the composition may include: a solvent including one or more types (species) of a first compound represented by Formula 1; and a metal oxide that does not include zinc:

[0049] Formula 1

[0050] ZOL 1 -O-(L 2 -O) n -R 1 ,

[0051] Among them, in formula 1,

[0052] Z can be hydrogen or deuterium,

[0053] n may be an integer from 0 to 5, and when n is 2 or greater, a plurality of L 2 can be the same or different from each other,

[0054] L 1 and L 2 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkyne, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0055] R 1 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R10a C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 )、-N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-B(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-C(=O)(Q 1 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 1 ) or -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0056] i) When R 1 When it is a straight chain alkyl group and n is 0, R 1 Can be combined with L 1 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0057] ii) When R 1 When it is a straight chain alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 5, R 1 Can be combined with L 2 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0058] iii) When R 1 When it is a branched alkyl group and n is 0, R 1 Can optionally be combined with L 1 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0059] iv) When R 1 When it is a branched alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 5, R 1 Can optionally be combined with L 2 To form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0060] R 10a Can be:

[0061] deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0062] Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0063] Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy or C 6 -C 60 arylthio; or

[0064] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),and

[0065] Q 1 To Q 3 , Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 can be independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C 1 -C 60 Alkyl; C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl; C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl; C 1 -C60 Alkoxy; or unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 1 -C 60 C alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic or C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0066] In formula 1, R 1 It may not be hydrogen. For example, the first compound may not be ethylene glycol. The composition may not include (for example, may exclude) ethylene glycol. In the present disclosure, "not including one or any "component", "not containing one or any "component", "not containing one or any "component", "excluding (or excepting) one or any "component"" and / or "no "component"" etc. means that the "component" is not added, selected or used as a component in the composition / element, but in some embodiments, due to other impurities and / or external factors, less than the appropriate amount of the "component" may still be included.

[0067] The first compound may include at least two oxygens even when n in Formula 1 is 0. For example, the first compound may not be methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or the like.

[0068] In one or more embodiments, from L 1 and L 2 At least one selected from among them may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 For example, L 1 and L 2 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The alkylene group may include a straight chain alkylene group and a branched chain alkylene group.

[0069] In one or more embodiments, R 1 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 6 -C 60 Aryl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a A monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The alkyl group may include a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group. In some embodiments, when R 1 When it is a straight chain alkyl group, R 1 Can be combined with L 1 or L 2 To form C 2 -C 60 In some embodiments, when R 1 When it is a branched alkyl group, R 1 Can optionally be combined with L 1 or L 2 .

[0070] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 1 1 can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The invention can be isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl or phenyl.

[0071] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, n may be an integer from 1 to 5, R 1 can be n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, and R 1 and L 2 can combine with each other to form C 2 -C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0072] Where L 2 and R 1 Combine with each other to form C 2 -C 60 Examples of heterocyclic groups can be understood with reference to compounds 1-8:

[0073]

[0074] In one or more embodiments, the solvent may have a boiling point of about 200° C. or higher. For example, in some embodiments, the boiling point of the solvent may be about 210° C. or higher, about 220° C. or higher, about 230° C. or higher, about 240° C. or higher, about 250° C. or higher, about 260° C. or higher, about 270° C. or higher, about 280° C. or higher, about 290° C. or higher, or about 300° C. or higher. When the boiling point of the solvent is within the above range, the ink drying of the nozzle of the inkjet print head can be prevented or reduced, so that the ink can be stably ejected.

[0075] In one or more embodiments, the solvent can have a viscosity of about 30 cP (centipoise) or less. For example, in some embodiments, the viscosity of the solvent can be about 25 cP or less, about 20 cP or less, about 15 cP or less, or about 10 cP or less. For example, the viscosity of the solvent can be about 1 cP to about 30 cP, about 2 cP to about 25 cP, about 3 cP to about 20 cP, about 4 cP to about 16 cP, about 5 cP to about 15 cP, or about 6 cP to about 11 cP.

[0076] In one or more embodiments, the solvent may have a surface tension of about 40 dyn / cm or less. For example, in some embodiments, the surface tension of the solvent may be about 39 dyn / cm or less, about 38 dyn / cm or less, about 37 dyn / cm or less, about 36 dyn / cm or less, about 35 dyn / cm or less, about 30 dyn / cm or less, about 29 dyn / cm or less, or about 28 dyn / cm or less. For example, the surface tension of the solvent may be about 5 dyn / cm to about 40 dyn / cm, about 10 dyn / cm to about 39 dyn / cm, about 15 dyn / cm to about 38 dyn / cm, about 20 dyn / cm to about 37 dyn / cm, or about 25 dyn / cm to about 36 dyn / cm.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, the composition can have a viscosity of about 20 cP or less. For example, in some embodiments, the viscosity of the composition can be about 19 cP or less, about 18 cP or less, about 17 cP or less, about 16 cP or less, or about 15 cP or less. For example, the viscosity of the composition can be about 1 cP to about 20 cP, about 2 cP to about 19 cP, about 3 cP to about 18 cP, about 4 cP to about 17 cP, or about 5 cP to about 16 cP.

[0078] In one or more embodiments, the composition can have a surface tension of about 34 dyn / cm or less. For example, in some embodiments, the surface tension of the composition can be about 33 dyn / cm or less, about 32 dyn / cm or less, about 31 dyn / cm or less, or about 30 dyn / cm or less. For example, the surface tension of the composition can be about 5 dyn / cm to about 33 dyn / cm, about 10 dyn / cm to about 32 dyn / cm, about 15 dyn / cm to about 31 dyn / cm, or about 20 dyn / cm to about 30 dyn / cm.

[0079] When the viscosity of the solvent and the viscosity of the composition are within the above ranges, satisfactory ejection characteristics can be obtained without clogging nozzles in inkjet printing.

[0080] When the surface tension of the solvent and the surface tension of the composition are within the above ranges, satisfactory spreading characteristics can be obtained without causing agglomeration of the ejected ink in inkjet printing.

[0081] In one or more embodiments, the bond dissociation energy between the metal element and the oxygen element of the metal oxide can be about 300 kJ / mol or greater. For example, the bond dissociation energy between the zinc element and the oxygen element can be less than about 250 kJ / mol, the bond dissociation energy between the tin element and the oxygen element can be about 528 kJ / mol, the bond dissociation energy between the copper element and the oxygen element can be about 343 kJ / mol, and the bond dissociation energy between the nickel element and the oxygen element can be about 392 kJ / mol. For example, in one or more embodiments, the metal oxide can be selected from tin oxide, nickel oxide and copper oxide, and is not zinc oxide.

[0082] In one or more embodiments, the content (e.g., amount) of the metal oxide may be in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the solvent. For example, in some embodiments, the content (e.g., amount) of the metal oxide may be in the range of about 1 part by weight to about 5 parts by weight or about 2 parts by weight to about 4 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the solvent.

[0083] In one or more embodiments, the first compound may be represented by one selected from Formula 1A to Formula 1C:

[0084] Formula 1A

[0085]

[0086] Formula 1B

[0087]

[0088] Formula 1C

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, in Formula 1A to Formula 1C,

[0091] Z, L 1 , n and R 1 May all be the same as described herein.

[0092] In one or more embodiments, the first compound may be one selected from Compound 1-1 to Compound 1-8:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The expression “the solvent may contain one or more types (kinds) of the first compound represented by Formula 1” may mean, for example, that the solvent may be a mixture of Compound 1-1 and Compound 1-2.

[0096] In one or more embodiments, the composition may further include a dispersing additive comprising a second compound represented by Formula 2:

[0097] Formula 2

[0098]

[0099] Among them, in formula 2,

[0100] L 11 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkyne, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0101] a, b, c and d can all independently be 0 or 1,

[0102] Y may be a group represented by one selected from Formula 2A to Formula 2C:

[0103] Formula 2A

[0104]

[0105] Formula 2B

[0106]

[0107] Formula 2C

[0108]

[0109] Wherein, in Formula 2 and Formula 2A to Formula 2C,

[0110] R 11 To R 19 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 )、-N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-B(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-C(=O)(Q 1 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 1 ) or -P(=O)(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),

[0111] R 10a and Q 1 To Q3 may all be the same as described herein, and

[0112] * indicates the binding site with the adjacent atom. For example, * indicates the binding site with L in Formula 2 11 The combination position.

[0113] In one or more embodiments, L 11 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 For example, in some embodiments, L 1 can be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The alkylene group may include a straight chain alkylene group or a branched chain alkylene group.

[0114] In Formula 2, the sum of a, b, and c may be 1 or more.

[0115] In formula 2, from R 11 , R 12 and R 13 At least one selected from among them may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkyl. 11 , R 12 and R 13 and each independently may not be hydrogen or deuterium.

[0116] In Formula 2A, R 14 may be unsubstituted or substituted with hydrogen, deuterium or at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 alkyl.

[0117] In one or more embodiments, the second compound may be one selected from Compound 2-1 to Compound 2-5:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] In one or more embodiments, the content (e.g., amount) of the dispersing additive may be in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide. For example, in some embodiments, the content (e.g., amount) of the dispersing additive may be in the range of about 1 part by weight to about 20 parts by weight or about 2 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide.

[0121] Zinc oxide may include a relatively large amount of oxygen vacancies, so there are defective energy levels that affect the quenching characteristics of the emission layer including quantum dots, etc. As a result, the driving voltage, luminous efficiency and life of the light-emitting device may be degraded. Since the bond dissociation energy between the zinc element and the oxygen element in zinc oxide is relatively small, the characteristics of the light-emitting device may vary significantly depending on the driving of the light-emitting device. In addition, the composition that is not dispersed in a suitable solvent without considering the type or kind of the metal oxide particles may have degraded characteristics in terms of jetting and / or film formation during the inkjet printing process.

[0122] The composition according to the present disclosure includes a solvent and a metal oxide that does not contain zinc, and the solvent includes a first compound represented by Formula 1, so that during the inkjet printing process, it can have excellent or suitable characteristics in terms of ejection and film formation. In this regard, when the composition is used to form a layer adjacent to an emission layer containing quantum dots, a light-emitting device containing the formed layer can have a relatively low driving voltage, a relatively high luminous efficiency, and a relatively long life. Therefore, when the composition is used, a light-emitting device with improved luminescent characteristics can be easily prepared by an inkjet printing process.

[0123] Light-emitting devices

[0124] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a light emitting device may include: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and a metal oxide layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and formed by using the composition.

[0125] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include one or more quantum dots. These quantum dots may be used as dopants. The emission layer may also include a host.

[0126] In the present disclosure, quantum dots refer to crystals of semiconductor compounds. Quantum dots can emit light of one or more suitable emission wavelengths according to the size of the crystal. Quantum dots can emit light of one or more suitable emission wavelengths by adjusting the ratio of elements constituting the quantum dots.

[0127] The diameter of the quantum dot can be, for example, in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm. In the present disclosure, when the dot, multiple dots or dot particles are spherical, "diameter" means the particle diameter or the average particle diameter, and when the particle is non-spherical, "diameter" means the major axis length or the average major axis length. The diameter of the particle can be measured using a scanning electron microscope or a particle size analyzer. As a particle size analyzer, for example, Malvern's Nano-ZS90 can be used. When the size of the particle is measured using a particle size analyzer, the average particle diameter is referred to as D50. D50 refers to the average diameter of the particles whose cumulative volume corresponds to 50 vol% in a particle size distribution (e.g., cumulative distribution), and refers to the value of the particle size corresponding to 50% from the smallest particle when the total number of particles is 100% in a distribution curve accumulated in the order of the smallest particle size to the largest particle size.

[0128] Quantum dots can be synthesized by a wet chemical process, a metal organic chemical vapor deposition process, a molecular beam epitaxy process, or any process similar thereto.

[0129] The wet chemical process is a method that includes mixing the precursor material of the quantum dot with an organic solvent and then growing the quantum dot particle crystal. When the quantum dot particle crystal grows, the organic solvent naturally acts as a dispersant coordinated on the surface of the quantum dot particle crystal and controls the growth of the quantum dot particle crystal, so that the growth of the quantum dot particle crystal can be controlled or selected by a process that is lower in cost and easier than a vapor deposition method such as metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

[0130] Quantum dots may include: Group II-VI semiconductor compounds; Group III-V semiconductor compounds; Group III-VI semiconductor compounds; Group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds; Group IV-VI semiconductor compounds; Group IV elements or compounds; or any combination thereof.

[0131] Non-limiting examples of II-VI semiconductor compounds may be binary compounds such as CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe and / or MgS, etc.; ternary compounds such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, Cd ZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe and / or MgZnS, etc.; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe and / or HgZnSTe, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0132] Non-limiting examples of III-V semiconductor compounds may be binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs and / or InSb, etc.; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs and / or InPSb, etc.; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs and / or InAlPSb, etc.; or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the III-V semiconductor compound may also include a Group II element. Non-limiting examples of the Group III-V semiconductor compound further including a Group II element may be InZnP, InGaZnP, and / or InAlZnP, and the like.

[0133] Non-limiting examples of III-VI semiconductor compounds may be: binary compounds such as GaS, Ga 2 Se 3 、GaTe、InS、InSe、In 2 S 3 、In 2 Se 3 , InTe, etc.; ternary compounds such as InGaS 3 、InGaSe 3etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0134] Non-limiting examples of Group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds may be: ternary compounds such as AgInS, AgInS 2 、AgInSe 2 、AgGaS、AgGaS 2 、AgGaSe 2 、CuInS、CuInS 2 、CuInSe 2 、CuGaS 2 、CuGaSe 2 、CuGaO 2 、AgGaO 2 、AgAlO 2 etc.; quaternary compounds such as AgInGaS 2 、AgInGaSe 2 , CuInGaS, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0135] Non-limiting examples of IV-VI semiconductor compounds may be: binary compounds such as SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe and / or PbTe; ternary compounds such as SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe and / or SnPbTe; quaternary compounds such as SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe and / or SnPbSTe; or any combination thereof.

[0136] Non-limiting examples of Group IV elements or compounds may be: single elements, such as Si and / or Ge, etc.; binary compounds, such as SiC and / or SiGe, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0137] Each element included in a multi-element compound (such as a binary compound, a ternary compound, and a quaternary compound) may be present in the particle in a substantially uniform concentration or a substantially non-uniform concentration. For example, the above formula refers to multiple types (kinds) of elements included in the compound, wherein the ratio of the elements in the compound may vary. For example, AgInGaS 2 AgIn x Ga 1-x S 2 (where x is a real number between 0 and 1).

[0138] In one or more embodiments, the quantum dot may have a single structure in which the concentration of each element in the quantum dot is substantially uniform, or may have a core-shell dual structure. For example, the material included in the core and the material included in the shell may be different from each other. The shell may cover at least a portion of the core.

[0139] In some embodiments, the core may include Cd, Zn, Hg, Mg, Ga, Al, In, Sn, Pb, Se, Te, P, or Sb.

[0140] The shell of the quantum dot can act as a protective layer to prevent chemical denaturation of the core to maintain semiconductor properties, and / or act as a charged layer that imparts electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of the element present in the shell decreases toward the center of the core.

[0141] Examples of the shell of a quantum dot may be metal or non-metal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of metal or non-metal oxides may be binary compounds such as SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 、TiO 2 、ZnO、MnO、Mn 2 O 3 , Mn 3 O 4 , CuO, FeO, Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , CoO, Co 3 O 4 , NiO, etc.; ternary compounds such as MgAl 2 O 4 、CoFe 2 O 4 、NiFe 2 O 4 、CoMn 2 O 4 etc.; or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of semiconductor compounds may be: as described herein, II-VI semiconductor compounds; III-V semiconductor compounds; III-VI semiconductor compounds; I-III-VI semiconductor compounds; IV-VI semiconductor compounds; or any combination thereof. For example, the semiconductor compound may include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaS, GaSe, AgGaS, AgGaS 2, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, or any combination thereof.

[0142] Each element included in the multi-element compound (such as binary compound and ternary compound) can be present in the particle with a substantially uniform or substantially non-uniform concentration. For example, the above formula refers to multiple types (kinds) of elements included in the compound, wherein the ratio of the elements in the compound can vary.

[0143] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission spectrum of the quantum dot can be about 45nm or less, such as about 40nm or less, or, for example, about 30nm or less, and within these ranges, the color purity or color reproducibility of the quantum dot can be improved. In one or more embodiments, because the light emitted by the quantum dot is emitted in all directions, the wide viewing angle can be improved.

[0144] In one or more embodiments, the quantum dots may be in the form of spherical particles, pyramidal particles, multi-arm particles, cubic nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers and / or nanoplates, etc.

[0145] Because the energy band gap of quantum dots can be controlled or selected by adjusting the size of quantum dots or the ratio of elements in quantum dot compounds, one or more suitable wavelengths of light can be obtained from the emission layer containing quantum dots. Therefore, by utilizing the above-mentioned quantum dots (utilizing quantum dots of different sizes or quantum dots with different ratios of elements in quantum dot compounds), a light-emitting device that emits one or more suitable wavelengths of light can be realized. In one or more embodiments, controlling the size of quantum dots or the ratio of elements in quantum dot compounds can enable quantum dots to emit red light, green light, and / or blue light. In some embodiments, quantum dots of suitable size can be configured to emit white light by a combination of one or more suitable colors of light.

[0146] In one or more embodiments, the first electrode may be an anode, the second electrode may be a cathode, and the intermediate layer may also include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0147] In one or more embodiments, the metal oxide layer formed by using the composition can be included in the hole transport region and / or the electron transport region. The metal oxide layer can be in contact with the emission layer. For example, in some embodiments, the metal oxide layer formed by using the composition can be an electron transport layer.

[0148] Figure 1 Description

[0149] Figure 1 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device 10 according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. The light emitting device 10 may include a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer, and a second electrode 150. The intermediate layer may include a hole transport region 120, an emission layer 130, and an electron transport region 140.

[0150] In the following, reference will be made to Figure 1 The structure of the light emitting device 10 and a method of manufacturing the light emitting device 10 according to one or more embodiments are described in more detail.

[0151] First electrode 110

[0152] exist Figure 1 In one or more embodiments, a substrate may be additionally provided and arranged below the first electrode 110 and / or on the second electrode 150. In one or more embodiments, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate may be used as the substrate. The substrate may be a flexible substrate. For example, in some embodiments, the substrate may include a plastic having excellent or suitable heat resistance and durability (such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or any combination thereof).

[0153] The first electrode 110 may be formed by providing a material for forming the first electrode 110 on a substrate by using a deposition method or a sputtering method. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may be a high work function material that facilitates injection of holes.

[0154] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO 2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 may include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof.

[0155] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure including (eg, consisting of) a single layer or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers. For example, in some embodiments, the first electrode 110 may have a triple-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0156] Middle Layer

[0157] The intermediate layer may be on the first electrode 110. The intermediate layer may include a hole transport region 120, an emission layer 130, and an electron transport region 140.

[0158] The intermediate layer may include one or more suitable organic materials, metal-containing compounds such as organometallic compounds, and / or inorganic materials such as quantum dots, among others.

[0159] In one or more embodiments, the intermediate layer may include: i) two or more emission units sequentially stacked between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150; and ii) a charge generation layer between each two emission units. When the intermediate layer includes the charge generation layer and the two or more emission units, the light emitting device 10 may be a tandem light emitting device.

[0160] Hole transport region 120

[0161] The hole transport region 120 may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) including a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) including a plurality of materials different from each other; or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers (e.g., consisting of a plurality of layers) including a plurality of different materials different from each other.

[0162] The hole transport region 120 may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assisting layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0163] For example, in one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 120 may have a multi-layer structure, comprising a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission assisting layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission assisting layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission assisting layer structure or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission assisting layer structure, wherein the constituent layers of each structure are stacked sequentially from the first electrode 110 in the order stated.

[0164] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 120 may include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0165] Formula 201

[0166]

[0167] Formula 202

[0168]

[0169] Among them, in equation 201 and equation 202,

[0170] L 201 To L 204 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0171] L 205 Can be *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 20 Alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0172] xa1 to xa4 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0173] xa5 can be an integer from 1 to 10,

[0174] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0175] R 201 and R 202 may be optionally substituted via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 5 The alkylene group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 5 Alkenylene groups are linked to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 8 -C 60 Polycyclic groups (e.g., carbazole groups, etc.) (e.g., compound HT16, etc.),

[0176] R 203 and R 204 may be optionally substituted via a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 5 The alkylene group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 5 Alkenylene groups are linked to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 8 -C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0177] na1 can be an integer from 1 to 4.

[0178] For example, in some embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one selected from the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217:

[0179]

[0180] In formula CY201 to formula CY217, R 10b and R 10c can be independently compared with R 10a Same as described, CY201 To Ring CY 204 can be independently C 3 -C 20 Carbocyclic or C 1 -C 20 heterocyclic group, and at least one hydrogen in Formula CY201 to Formula CY217 may be unsubstituted or replaced by R 10a replace.

[0181] In one or more embodiments, in Formula CY201 to Formula CY217, ring CY 201 To Ring CY 204 Each of them may independently be a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a phenanthrene group or an anthracene group.

[0182] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one selected from among the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203.

[0183] In one or more embodiments, Formula 201 may include at least one selected from among the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203 and at least one selected from among the groups represented by Formula CY204 to Formula CY217.

[0184] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 201, xa1 may be 1, R 201 may be one selected from the groups represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203, xa2 may be 0, and R 202 It may be one selected from the groups represented by Formula CY204 to Formula CY207.

[0185] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include (eg, may exclude) any group represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203.

[0186] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include (eg, may exclude) any group represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY203, and may include at least one selected from the groups represented by Formula CY204 to Formula CY217.

[0187] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include (eg, may exclude) any group represented by Formula CY201 to Formula CY217.

[0188] For example, in one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 120 may include: at least one selected from the compounds HT1 to HT46; 4,4′,4″-[tri(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino]triphenylamine (m-MTDATA); 4,4′,4″-tri(N,N-diphenylamino)triphenylamine (TDATA); 4,4′,4″-tri[N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]-triphenylamine (2-TNATA); N,N′-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N,N′-diphenyl-benzidine (NPB(NPD)); β-NPB; N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′ -diamine (TPD); spiro-TPD; spiro-NPB; methylated NPB; 4,4′-cyclohexylenebis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)aniline] (TAPC); 4,4'-bis[N,N'-(3-methylphenyl)amino]-3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl (HMTPD); 4,4',4"-tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA); polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA); poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS); polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA); polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS); or any combination thereof:

[0189]

[0190]

[0191]

[0192]

[0193] The thickness of the hole transport region 120 may be about to about (For example, about to about ). When the hole transport region 120 includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be about 1000 Å. to about (For example, about to about ), and the thickness of the hole transport layer can be in the range of about to about (For example, about to about When the thicknesses of the hole transport region 120, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer are within these ranges, satisfactory hole transport characteristics may be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0194] The emission auxiliary layer is a layer that improves light emission efficiency by compensating for an optical resonance distance according to the wavelength of light emitted from the emission layer 130. The electron blocking layer may be a layer that prevents or reduces leakage of electrons from the emission layer 130 to the hole transport region 120. Materials that may be included in the hole transport region 120 may be included in the emission auxiliary layer and the electron blocking layer.

[0195] p-dopant

[0196] In one or more embodiments, in addition to the aforementioned materials, the hole transport region 120 may further include a charge generating material for improving the conductive property. The charge generating material may be dispersed in the hole transport region 120 substantially uniformly or non-uniformly (e.g., in the form of a single layer including the charge generating material (e.g., in the form of a single layer consisting of the charge generating material)).

[0197] The charge generating material may be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0198] For example, in some embodiments, the p-dopant can have a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of about -3.5 eV or less.

[0199] In one or more embodiments, the p-dopant may include a quinone derivative, a cyano-containing compound, a compound including the element EL1 and the element EL2, or any combination thereof.

[0200] Non-limiting examples of quinone derivatives may include tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and / or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F 4 -TCNQ) etc.

[0201] Non-limiting examples of the cyano group-containing compound may be dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) and / or a compound represented by Formula 221, etc.:

[0202]

[0203] Among them, in formula 221,

[0204] R 221 To R 223 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 a heterocyclic group, and

[0205] From R 221 To R 223 At least one selected from among them may be independently C substituted with the following groups 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic or C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C substituted with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I or any combination thereof 1 -C 20 or any combination thereof.

[0206] In the compound including the element EL1 and the element EL2, the element EL1 may be a metal, a metalloid, or any combination thereof, and the element EL2 may be a nonmetal, a metalloid, or any combination thereof.

[0207] Non-limiting examples of metals may include alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), etc.); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), etc.); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), etc.). (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), etc.); late transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In), tin (Sn), etc.); and / or lanthanide metals (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), etc.), etc.

[0208] Non-limiting examples of the metalloid may be silicon (Si), antimony (Sb), and / or tellurium (Te), and the like.

[0209] Non-limiting examples of the non-metal may be oxygen (O) and / or halogen (eg, F, Cl, Br, I, etc.), and the like.

[0210] Non-limiting examples of compounds including element EL1 and element EL2 may be metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides, metal iodides, etc.), metalloid halides (e.g., metalloid fluorides, metalloid chlorides, metalloid bromides, metalloid iodides, etc.), metal tellurides, or any combination thereof.

[0211] Non-limiting examples of metal oxides may include tungsten oxide (e.g., WO, W 2 O 3 , WO 2 , WO 3 , W 2 O 5 etc.), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V 2 O 3 , VO 2 、V 2 O 5 etc.), molybdenum oxides (e.g., MoO, Mo 2 O 3、 MoO 2 、MoO 3 、Mo 2 O 5 etc.) and / or rhenium oxide (e.g., ReO 3 etc.

[0212] Non-limiting examples of the metal halide may be alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and / or lanthanide metal halides, and the like.

[0213] Non-limiting examples of alkali metal halides may be LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI and / or CsI, etc.

[0214] A non-limiting example of the alkaline earth metal halide may be BeF 2 MgF 2 , CaF 2 , SrF 2 , BaF 2 、BeCl 2 MgCl 2 , CaCl 2 、SrCl 2 、BaCl 2 ,BeBr 2 MgBr 2 , CaBr 2 , SrBr 2 ,BaBr2 ,BeI 2 MgI 2 ,CaI 2 , SrI 2 and / or BaI 2 wait.

[0215] Non-limiting examples of transition metal halides may include titanium halides (e.g., TiF 4 、TiCl 4 、TiBr 4 、TiI 4 etc.), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF 4 、ZrCl 4 , ZrBr 4 , ZrI 4 etc.), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF 4 , HfCl 4 , HfBr 4 , HfI 4 etc.), vanadium halides (e.g., VF 3 、VCl 3 , VBr 3 VI 3 etc.), niobium halides (e.g., NbF 3 、NbCl 3 , NbBr 3 , NbI 3 etc.), tantalum halides (e.g., TaF 3 、TaCl 3 、TaBr 3 、TaI 3 etc.), chromium halides (e.g., CrF 3 CrCl 3 CrBr 3 CrI 3 etc.), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF 3 、MoCl 3 、MoBr 3 、MoI 3 etc.), tungsten halides (e.g., WF 3 、WCl 3 , WBr 3 , WI 3 etc.), manganese halides (e.g., MnF 2 、MnCl 2 、MnBr 2 、MnI 2 etc.), technetium halides (e.g., TcF 2 , TcCl 2 、TcBr 2 , TcI 2etc.), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF 2 、ReCl 2 、ReBr 2 、ReI 2 etc.), ferrous halides (e.g., FeF 2 、FeCl 2 , FeBr 2 ,FeI 2 etc.), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF 2 、RuCl 2 ,RuBr 2 , RuI 2 etc.), osmium halides (e.g., OsF 2 , OsCl 2 、OsBr 2 , OsI 2 etc.), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF 2 、CoCl 2 ,CoBr 2 、CoI 2 etc.), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF 2 , RhCl 2 , RhBr 2 , RhI 2 etc.), iridium halides (e.g., IrF 2 、IrCl 2 ,IrBr 2 ,IrI 2 etc.), nickel halides (e.g., NiF 2 、NiCl 2 、NiBr 2 , NiI 2 etc.), palladium halides (e.g., PdF 2 , PdCl 2 , PdBr 2 , PdI 2 etc.), platinum halides (e.g., PtF 2 、PtCl 2 , PtBr 2 , PtI 2 etc.), cuprous halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr, CuI, etc.), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr, AgI, etc.) and / or gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr, AuI, etc.), etc.

[0216] Non-limiting examples of late transition metal halides may include zinc halides (e.g., ZnF 2 、ZnCl 2 、ZnBr 2 、ZnI 2etc.), indium halides (e.g., InI 3 etc.) and / or tin halides (e.g., SnI 2 etc.

[0217] Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal halides may include YbF, YbF 2 , YbF 3 、SmF 3 、YbCl、YbCl 2 YbCl 3 、SmCl 3 , YbBr, YbBr 2 , YbBr 3 、SmBr 3 、YbI、YbI 2 ,YbI 3 and / or SmI 3 wait.

[0218] Non-limiting examples of metalloid halides may include antimony halides (e.g., SbCl 5 etc.

[0219] Non-limiting examples of metal tellurides may be alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li 2 Te、Na 2 Te, K 2 Te、Rb 2 Te, Cs 2 Te, etc.), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe, BaTe, etc.), transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe 2 、ZrTe 2 、HfTe 2 、V 2 Te 3 , Nb 2 Te 3 、 2 Te 3 Cr 2 Te 3 、Mo 2 Te 3 , W 2 Te 3 , MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, FeTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu 2 Te, CuTe, Ag 2 Te, AgTe, Au 2Te, etc.), late transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe, etc.) and / or lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, etc.), etc.

[0220] Emission layer 130

[0221] When the light emitting device 10 is a full-color light emitting device, the emission layer 130 can be patterned into a red emission layer, a green emission layer and / or a blue emission layer according to the sub-pixel. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer 130 may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from the red emission layer, the green emission layer and the blue emission layer, wherein the two or more layers are in contact with each other or separated from each other to emit white light (e.g., combined white light). In one or more embodiments, the emission layer 130 may include two or more materials selected from red light emitting materials, green light emitting materials and blue light emitting materials, wherein the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light (e.g., combined white light).

[0222] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer 130 may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0223] The amount of the dopant in the emission layer 130 may be in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the host.

[0224] In one or more embodiments, the emissive layer 130 may include quantum dots.

[0225] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer 130 may include a delayed fluorescent material. The delayed fluorescent material may act as a host or a dopant in the emission layer 130.

[0226] The thickness of the emission layer 130 may be about to about (For example, about to about When the thickness of the emission layer 130 is within these ranges, excellent or suitable light emitting characteristics may be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0227] main body

[0228] In one or more embodiments, the host may include a compound represented by Formula 301:

[0229] Formula 301

[0230] [Ar301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 ,

[0231] Wherein, in Formula 301,

[0232] Ar 301 and L 301 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0233] xb11 can be 1, 2 or 3,

[0234] xb1 can be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0235] R 301 It can be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 )、-N(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-B(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-C(=O)(Q 301 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q301 )(Q 302 ),

[0236] xb21 can be an integer from 1 to 5, and

[0237] Q 301 To Q 303 can be independently related to Q 1 Same as described.

[0238] For example, in some embodiments, when xb11 in Formula 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 can be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0239] In one or more embodiments, the host may include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0240] Formula 301-1

[0241]

[0242] Formula 301-2

[0243]

[0244] Among them, in Formula 301-1 and Formula 301-2,

[0245] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0246] X 301 Can be O, S, N[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]、C(R 304 )(R 305 ) or Si(R 304 )(R 305 ),

[0247] xb22 and xb23 can each independently be 0, 1 or 2,

[0248] L 301 , xb1 and R 301 may all be the same as described herein,

[0249] L 302 To L 304 can be independently compared with L 301 Same as described,

[0250] xb2 to xb4 may each independently be the same as described with respect to xb1, and

[0251] R 302 To R 305 and R 311 To R 314 can be independently compared with R 301 Same as described.

[0252] In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex, a late transition metal complex, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the host may include a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0253] In one or more embodiments, the host may include: at least one selected from Compound H1 to Compound H128; 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN); 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalene-2-yl)anthracene (MADN); 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN); 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP); 1,3-di(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (mCP); 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP); or any combination thereof:

[0254]

[0255]

[0256]

[0257]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260] Phosphorescent dopants

[0261] The phosphorescent dopant may include at least one transition metal as a central metal.

[0262] The phosphorescent dopant may include a monodentate ligand, a bidentate ligand, a tridentate ligand, a tetradentate ligand, a pentadentate ligand, a hexadentate ligand, or any combination thereof.

[0263] The phosphorescent dopant may be electrically neutral.

[0264] For example, in one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic compound represented by Formula 401:

[0265] Formula 401

[0266] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2

[0267] Formula 402

[0268]

[0269] Among them, in equation 401 and equation 402,

[0270] M may be a transition metal (e.g., iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), rhenium (Re), or thulium (Tm)),

[0271] L 401 may be a ligand represented by Formula 402, and xc1 may be 1, 2 or 3, wherein when xc1 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401 can be the same or different from each other,

[0272] L 402 may be an organic ligand, and xc2 may be 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and when xc2 is 2 or greater, two or more L 402 can be the same or different from each other,

[0273] X 401 and X 402 can all independently be N or C,

[0274] Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 can be independently C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic or C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0275] T 401 It can be a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q 411 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412)-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=*'or*=C=*',

[0276] X 403 and X 404 can be independently a chemical bond (e.g., a covalent bond or a coordination bond), O, S, N (Q 413 )、B(Q 413 )、P(Q 413 )、C(Q 413 )(Q 414 ) or Si(Q 413 )(Q 414 ),

[0277] Q 411 To Q 414 can be independently related to Q 1 Same as described,

[0278] R 401 and R 402 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 )、-N(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-B(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-C(=O)(Q 401 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ),

[0279] Q 401 To Q 403 can be independently related to Q 1 Same as described,

[0280] xc11 and xc12 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10, and

[0281] The * and *' in formula 402 both represent the binding site with M in formula 401.

[0282] For example, in some embodiments, in equation 402, i)X 401 may be nitrogen, and X 402 It can be carbon, or ii) X 401 and X 402 Each of can be nitrogen.

[0283] In one or more embodiments, when xc1 in equation 401 is 2 or greater, two or more L 401 The two rings A 401 It can be optionally connected via T as a linker 402 connected to each other, and / or two or more L 401 The two rings A 402 It can be optionally connected via T as a linker 403 Connected to each other (see Compound PD1 to Compound PD4 and Compound PD7). 402 and T 403 can be independently compared with T 401 Same as described.

[0284] In formula 401, L 402 It can be an organic ligand. For example, L 402 It may include a halogen, a diketone group (e.g., an acetylacetonate group), a carboxylic acid group (e.g., a picolinate group), a -C(=O) group, an isonitrile group, a -CN group, a phosphorus-containing group (e.g., a phosphine group, a phosphite group, etc.), or any combination thereof.

[0285] In one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may include, for example, one selected from Compound PD1 to Compound PD39 or any combination thereof:

[0286]

[0287]

[0288]

[0289] Fluorescent dopants

[0290] The fluorescent dopant may include an amine group-containing compound, a styryl group-containing compound, or any combination thereof.

[0291] For example, in one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 501:

[0292] Formula 501

[0293]

[0294] Wherein, in Formula 501,

[0295] Ar 501 , L 501 To L 503 , R 501 and R 502 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0296] xd1 to xd3 may each independently be 0, 1, 2 or 3, and

[0297] xd4 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0298] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 501 501 It may be a condensed ring group in which three or more monocyclic groups are condensed together (for example, anthracene group, group, pyrene group, etc.).

[0299] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in equation 501 may be 2.

[0300] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may include: one selected from Compound FD1 to Compound FD37; 4,4'-bis(2,2-diphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (DPVBi); 4,4'-bis[4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenylvinyl]biphenyl (DPAVBi); or any combination thereof:

[0301]

[0302]

[0303]

[0304] Delayed fluorescence material

[0305] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer 130 may further include a delayed fluorescent material.

[0306] In the present disclosure, the delayed fluorescence material may be selected from compounds capable of emitting delayed fluorescence based on a delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0307] The delayed fluorescent material included in the emission layer 130 may be used as a host or a dopant according to the types or kinds of other materials included in the emission layer 130 .

[0308] In one or more embodiments, the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material may be in the range of about 0 eV to about 0.5 eV. When the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material satisfies the above range, the up-conversion from the triplet state of the delayed fluorescent material to the singlet state may effectively occur, and thus, the light emitting device 10 may have improved luminous efficiency.

[0309] For example, in one or more embodiments, the delayed fluorescent material may include: i) at least one electron donor (eg, a π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 a cyclic group, such as a carbazolyl group) and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., a sulfoxide group, a cyano group and / or a π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 and / or ii) comprising C containing at least two ring groups condensed with each other and sharing boron (B) 8 -C 60 Polycyclic materials, etc.

[0310] The delayed fluorescent material may include, for example, at least one selected from Compound DF1 to Compound DF14 and Compound D1:

[0311]

[0312]

[0313] Electron transport region 140

[0314] The electron transport region 140 may have: i) a single-layer structure including (e.g., consisting of) a single layer including (e.g., consisting of) a single material; ii) a single-layer structure including (e.g., consisting of) a single layer including (e.g., consisting of) a plurality of materials different from each other; or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers including a plurality of materials different from each other.

[0315] The electron transport region 140 may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0316] For example, in one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 140 may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein the constituent layers of each structure are stacked sequentially from the emission layer 130 in the order stated.

[0317] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 140 (eg, a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region 140) may include a nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 Metal-free compounds of heterocyclic groups.

[0318] For example, in some embodiments, electron transport region 140 may include a compound represented by Formula 601:

[0319] Formula 601

[0320] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21 ,

[0321] Wherein, in Formula 601,

[0322] Ar 601 and L 601 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0323] xe11 can be 1, 2 or 3,

[0324] xe1 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,

[0325] R 601 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602)(Q 603 )、-C(=O)(Q 601 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),

[0326] Q 601 To Q 603 can be independently related to Q 1 Same as described,

[0327] xe21 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0328] From Ar 601 , L 601 and R 601 At least one selected from among can be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0329] In one or more embodiments, when xe11 in Formula 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 can be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0330] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 may be unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a anthracene group.

[0331] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 140 may include a compound represented by Formula 601-1:

[0332] Formula 601-1

[0333]

[0334] Among them, in formula 601-1,

[0335] X 614 Can be N or C (R 614 ), X 615 Can be N or C (R 615 ), X 616 Can be N or C (R 616 ), and from X 614 To X 616 At least one of the selected ones may be N,

[0336] L 611 To L 613can be independently compared with L 601 Same as described,

[0337] xe611 to xe613 may each independently be the same as described with respect to xe1,

[0338] R 611 To R 613 can be independently compared with R 601 Same as described, and

[0339] R 614 To R 616 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0340] For example, in some embodiments, xe1 in Formula 601 and xe611 to xe613 in Formula 601-1 can all be independently 0, 1, or 2.

[0341] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 140 may include: at least one selected from the compounds ET1 to ET45; 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP); 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen); tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq 3 ); bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline-N1,08)-(1,1′-biphenyl-4-hydroxy)aluminum (BAlq); 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-tert-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ); 4-(naphthalene-1-yl)-3,5-diphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NTAZ); or any combination thereof:

[0342]

[0343]

[0344]

[0345] The thickness of the electron transport region 140 may be about to about (For example, about to about ). When the electron transport region 140 includes a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or the electron control layer may be about 1000 Å. to about (For example, about to about ), and the thickness of the electron transport layer can be in the range of about to about (For example, about to about When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron control layer, the electron transport layer and / or the electron transport region 140 is within these ranges, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0346] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 140 (eg, the electron transport layer in the electron transport region 140 ) may further include a metal-containing material in addition to the above-mentioned materials.

[0347] The metal-containing material can include alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex or any combination thereof. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex can be Li ion, Na ion, K ion, Rb ion or Cs ion, and the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can be Be ion, Mg ion, Ca ion, Sr ion or Ba ion. The ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex can include hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene or any combination thereof.

[0348] For example, in some embodiments, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (Liq) or compound ET-D2:

[0349]

[0350] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 140 may include an electron injection layer that facilitates injection of electrons from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer may directly contact the second electrode 150.

[0351] The electron injection layer may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) that includes a single material (e.g., consisting of a single material); ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) that includes multiple materials different from each other (e.g., consisting of multiple materials different from each other); or iii) a multi-layer structure including multiple layers that includes multiple materials different from each other.

[0352] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0353] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0354] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may be oxides, halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, etc.), or tellurides of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal, respectively, or any combination thereof.

[0355] The alkali metal compound may include: alkali metal oxides (such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and / or K 2 O, etc.); alkali metal halides (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI, etc.); or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal compound may include alkaline earth metal oxides (such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1) and / or Ba x Ca 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1), etc.). The rare earth metal compound may include YbF 3 , ScF 3 , Sc 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Ce 2 O 3 , GdF 3 , TbF 3 , YbI 3 , ScI 3 , TbI 3Or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the rare earth metal-containing compound may include a lanthanide metal telluride. Non-limiting examples of lanthanide metal tellurides may be LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, LaTe, 2 Te 3 、Ce 2 Te 3 , Pr 2 Te 3 、Nd 2 Te 3 、Pm 2 Te 3 、Sm 2 Te 3 、Eu 2 Te 3 , Gd 2 Te 3 , Tb 2 Te 3 、Dy 2 Te 3 、Ho 2 Te 3 , Er 2 Te 3 、Tm 2 Te 3 , Yb 2 Te 3 and / or Lu 2 Te 3 wait.

[0356] The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex and the rare earth metal complex may respectively include: i) one of the metal ions of the alkali metal, one of the metal ions of the alkaline earth metal and one of the metal ions of the rare earth metal; and ii) a ligand bound to the corresponding metal ion, for example, hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene or any combination thereof.

[0357] In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof as described above (e.g., composed of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof as described above). In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may also include an organic material (e.g., a compound represented by Formula 601).

[0358] In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may include: i) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); or ii) a) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide) and b) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof (e.g., composed of i) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); or composed of ii) a) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide) and b) an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, or any combination thereof). For example, in some embodiments, the electron injection layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposition layer, a RbI:Yb co-deposition layer, and / or a LiF:Yb co-deposition layer, etc.

[0359] When the electron injection layer also includes an organic material, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex or any combination thereof can be substantially uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix including the organic material.

[0360] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be about to about (For example, about to about When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within these ranges, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0361] The second electrode 150

[0362] The second electrode 150 may be on the electron transport region 140. The second electrode 150 may be a cathode as an electron injection electrode, and a metal, an alloy, a conductive compound, or any combination thereof each having a low work function may be used as a material for forming the second electrode 150.

[0363] The second electrode 150 may include Li, Ag, Mg, Al, Al-Li, Ca, Mg-In, Mg-Ag, Yb, Ag-Yb, ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 150 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0364] The second electrode 150 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers.

[0365] Covering layer

[0366] The first capping layer may be disposed outside (e.g., on) the first electrode 110, and / or the second capping layer may be disposed outside (e.g., on) the second electrode 150. In one or more embodiments, the light emitting device 10 may have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer, the second electrode 150 are sequentially stacked in the stated order, a structure in which the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are sequentially stacked in the stated order, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the intermediate layer, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are sequentially stacked in the stated order.

[0367] In one or more embodiments, light generated in the emission layer 130 of the light emitting device 10 may be extracted toward the outside through the first electrode 110 as a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode and the first cap layer. In one or more embodiments, light generated in the emission layer 130 of the light emitting device 10 may be extracted toward the outside through the second electrode 150 as a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode and the second cap layer.

[0368] The first capping layer and the second capping layer may increase the external emission efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency of the light emitting device 10 may be increased, so that the light emitting efficiency of the light emitting device 10 may be improved.

[0369] Each of the first cap layer and the second cap layer may include a material having a refractive index greater than or equal to 1.2 (eg, at 460 nm).

[0370] The first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently be an organic capping layer including an organic material, an inorganic capping layer including an inorganic material, or an organic-inorganic composite capping layer including an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0371] At least one of the first cap layer and the second cap layer may (for example, the first cap layer and the second cap layer may each independently) include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amine-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. Carbocyclic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, and amine-containing compounds may each be optionally substituted with a substituent comprising O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, at least one of the first cap layer and the second cap layer may include an amine-containing compound (for example, the first cap layer and the second cap layer may each independently include an amine-containing compound).

[0372] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may (eg, the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently) include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0373] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first cap layer and the second cap layer may (for example, the first cap layer and the second cap layer may each independently) include at least one selected from compounds HT28 to HT33, at least one selected from compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof:

[0374]

[0375]

[0376] membrane

[0377] The electronic device may also include a film. The film may be, for example, an optical member (or light control element) (e.g., a color filter, a color conversion member, a cover layer, a light extraction efficiency enhancement layer, a selective light absorption layer, a polarization layer and / or a quantum dot content layer, etc.), a light blocking member (e.g., a light reflecting layer and / or a light absorbing layer, etc.), and / or a protective member (e.g., an insulating layer and / or a dielectric layer, etc.).

[0378] Electronic Devices

[0379] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device may include: a light emitting device; and a thin film transistor electrically connected to the light emitting device. For example, the light emitting device may be included in one or more suitable electronic devices. For example, the electronic device including the light emitting device may be a display device and / or an authentication device, etc.

[0380] In one or more embodiments, in addition to the light emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., a display device) may further include: i) a color filter; ii) a color conversion layer; or iii) a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or the color conversion layer may be arranged in at least one direction of travel of the light emitted from the light emitting device. For example, in some embodiments, the light emitted from the light emitting device may be blue light or white light (e.g., combined white light). For details about the light emitting device, reference may be made to the description provided herein. In one or more embodiments, the color conversion layer may include quantum dots. The quantum dots may be, for example, the aforementioned quantum dots.

[0381] The electronic device may include a first substrate. The first substrate may include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, the color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions respectively corresponding to the sub-pixel regions, and the color conversion layer may include a plurality of color conversion regions respectively corresponding to the sub-pixel regions.

[0382] A pixel defining film may be disposed between the sub-pixel regions to define each of the sub-pixel regions.

[0383] The color filter may further include a plurality of color filter regions and a light shielding pattern disposed between the color filter regions, and the color conversion layer may further include a plurality of color conversion regions and a light shielding pattern disposed between the color conversion regions.

[0384] A plurality of color filter regions (or a plurality of color conversion regions) may include a first region configured to emit a first color light, a second region configured to emit a second color light, and / or a third region configured to emit a third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. For example, in some embodiments, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. For example, in one or more embodiments, a plurality of color filter regions (or a plurality of color conversion regions) may include quantum dots. In some embodiments, the first region may include red quantum dots to emit red light, the second region may include green quantum dots to emit green light, and the third region may not include (e.g., may exclude) quantum dots. For details about quantum dots, reference may be made to the description provided herein. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region may also each include a scatterer.

[0385] For example, in one or more embodiments, the light emitting device may emit a first light, the first region may absorb the first light to emit a first first color light, the second region may absorb the first light to emit a second first color light, and the third region may absorb the first light to emit a third first color light. Here, the first first color light, the second first color light, and the third first color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. In some embodiments, the first light may be blue light, the first first color light may be red light, the second first color light may be green light, and the third first color light may be blue light.

[0386] In one or more embodiments, in addition to the aforementioned light emitting device, the electronic device may further include a thin film transistor. The thin film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode and an active layer, wherein one of the source electrode and the drain electrode may be electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode of the light emitting device.

[0387] The thin film transistor may further include a gate electrode and / or a gate insulating film, etc.

[0388] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, an organic semiconductor, and / or an oxide semiconductor, etc.

[0389] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a sealing portion for sealing the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be arranged between the color filter and / or the color conversion layer and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion extracts light from the light-emitting device to the outside, and concurrently (e.g., simultaneously) prevents or reduces the penetration of ambient air and moisture into the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin film encapsulation layer including at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. When the sealing portion is a thin film encapsulation layer, the electronic device may be flexible.

[0390] Depending on the purpose of the electronic device, in addition to the color filter and / or the color conversion layer, various functional layers may be additionally arranged on the sealing portion. Non-limiting examples of the functional layer may include a touch screen layer and / or a polarizing layer, etc. The touch screen layer may be a pressure-sensitive touch screen layer, a capacitive touch screen layer, and / or an infrared touch screen layer.

[0391] The authentication device may be, for example, a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual by utilizing biometric information of a living organism (eg, fingertip, pupil, etc.) In addition to the light emitting device as described above, the authentication device may further include a biometric information collector.

[0392] The electronic device can be applied to one or more of a display, a light source, a lighting, a personal computer (e.g., a mobile personal computer), a mobile phone, a digital camera, an electronic notepad, an electronic dictionary, an electronic game console, a medical instrument (e.g., an electronic thermometer, a blood pressure meter, a blood glucose meter, a pulse measuring device, a pulse wave measuring device, an electrocardiogram display, an ultrasound diagnostic device, or an endoscope display), a fish finder, one or more suitable measuring instruments, meters (e.g., meters for vehicles, aircraft, and ships), and / or a projector, etc.

[0393] Electronic devices

[0394] In one or more embodiments, the light emitting device may be included in one or more suitable electronic devices.

[0395] For example, an electronic device including a light-emitting device can be at least one selected from a flat panel display, a curved display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a lamp for indoor or outdoor lighting and / or signaling, a head-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a rollable display, a foldable display, a stretchable display, a laser printer, a phone, a tablet computer, a tablet phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a microdisplay, a 3D display, a virtual or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall including multiple displays stitched together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign.

[0396] Since the light emitting device has the effects of improved driving voltage, excellent or appropriate light emitting efficiency, and long lifespan, an electronic device including the light emitting device may have characteristics of high brightness, high resolution, and low power consumption.

[0397] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Description

[0398] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0399] Figure 2 The electronic device includes a substrate 100 , a thin film transistor (TFT), a light emitting device, and an encapsulation part 300 .

[0400] The substrate 100 may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, or a metal substrate. The buffer layer 210 may be on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 may prevent or reduce impurities from penetrating through the substrate 100 and may provide a flat surface on the substrate 100.

[0401] The TFT may be on the buffer layer 210. The TFT may include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0402] The active layer 220 may include an inorganic semiconductor such as silicon or polysilicon, an organic semiconductor, or an oxide semiconductor, and may include a source region, a drain region, and a channel region.

[0403] A gate insulating film 230 for insulating the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 may be on the active layer 220 , and the gate electrode 240 may be on the gate insulating film 230 .

[0404] An interlayer insulating film 250 may be on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 may be disposed between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 and between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate each other.

[0405] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be on the interlayer insulating film 250. The interlayer insulating film 250 and the gate insulating film 230 may be formed to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be arranged to contact the exposed portions of the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, respectively.

[0406] The TFT may be electrically connected to the light emitting device to drive the light emitting device, and may be covered and protected by the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may include an inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film, or any combination thereof. The light emitting device may be disposed on the passivation layer 280. The light emitting device may include a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer, and a second electrode 150.

[0407] The first electrode 110 may be on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may be arranged to expose a portion of the drain electrode 270 without completely covering the drain electrode 270, and the first electrode 110 may be arranged to be connected to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0408] A pixel defining layer 290 including an insulating material may be on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 may expose a specific region of the first electrode 110, and an intermediate layer may be formed in the exposed region of the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 may be a polyimide-based organic film or a polyacrylic organic film. In some embodiments, at least some of the intermediate layers may extend beyond the upper portion of the pixel defining layer 290 to be arranged in the form of a common layer.

[0409] The second electrode 150 may be on the intermediate layer, and the capping layer 170 may be additionally formed on the second electrode 150. The capping layer 170 may be formed to cover the second electrode 150.

[0410] The encapsulation part 300 may be on the capping layer 170. The encapsulation part 300 may be on the light emitting device to protect the light emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen. The encapsulation part 300 may include: an inorganic film including silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide or any combination thereof; organic films including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resin (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate and / or polyacrylic acid, etc.), epoxy resin (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE), etc.) or any combination thereof; or any combination of inorganic films and organic films.

[0411] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0412] In addition to the light shielding pattern 500 and the functional region 400 being additionally arranged on the encapsulation part 300, Figure 3 Electronic devices and Figure 2 The functional area 400 may be: i) a color filter area; ii) a color conversion area; or iii) a combination of a color filter area and a color conversion area. In one or more embodiments, the functional area 400 may be: i) a color filter area; ii) a color conversion area; or iii) a combination of a color filter area and a color conversion area. Figure 3 The light-emitting device in the electronic device may be a series light-emitting device.

[0413] Figure 4 Description

[0414] Figure 4is a schematic perspective view of an electronic device 1 including a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments. As a device for displaying moving images or still images, the electronic device 1 may be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a mobile communication terminal, an electronic notebook, an e-book, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigator or an ultra-mobile PC (UMPC), and one or more suitable electronic products such as a television, a laptop computer, a monitor, a billboard or an Internet of Things (IOT) device. The electronic device 1 may be such a product as above or a part thereof. In some embodiments, the electronic device 1 may be a wearable device such as a smart watch, a watch phone, a glasses-type or similar display or a head-mounted display (HMD) or a part of a wearable device. However, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, in one or more embodiments, the electronic device 1 may include a dashboard of a vehicle, a central dashboard of a vehicle, a central information display arranged on the dashboard of a vehicle, an interior mirror display replacing a side mirror of a vehicle, an entertainment display for a rear seat of a vehicle or a display arranged on the back of a front seat thereof, a head-up display (HUD) mounted at the front of the vehicle or projected on the front windshield, or a computer generated hologram augmented reality head-up display (CGH ARHUD). For ease of explanation, Figure 4 An embodiment is shown in which the electronic device 1 is a smartphone.

[0415] The electronic device 1 may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA outside the display area DA. The electronic device 1 may realize an image through an array of a plurality of pixels two-dimensionally arranged in the display area DA.

[0416] The non-display area NDA is an area where no image is displayed, and may completely surround the display area DA. A driver for providing an electrical signal or power to a display device arranged in the display area DA may be arranged in the non-display area NDA. A pad (or "pad"), which is an area to which an electronic component or a printed circuit board can be electrically connected, may be arranged in the non-display area NDA.

[0417] In the electronic device 1, the length in the x-axis direction and the length (width) in the y-axis direction may be different from each other. Figure 4 As shown in , the length in the x-axis direction may be shorter than the length (width) in the y-axis direction. In one or more embodiments, the length in the x-axis direction may be the same as the length (width) in the y-axis direction. In one or more embodiments, the length in the x-axis direction may be longer than the length (width) in the y-axis direction.

[0418] Figure 5 and FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C Description

[0419] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the exterior of a vehicle 1000 as an electronic device including a light emitting device according to one or more embodiments. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C Each is a schematic diagram of the interior of a vehicle 1000 according to one or more embodiments.

[0420] Reference Figure 5 , Fig. 6A , Figure 6B and Figure 6C The vehicle 1000 may refer to one or more suitable devices for moving an object to be transported (such as a person, object, or animal) from a starting point to a destination. The vehicle 1000 may include a vehicle traveling on a road or track, a ship moving on an ocean or river, and / or an airplane flying in the sky using the action of air, etc.

[0421] In one or more embodiments, the vehicle 1000 may travel on a road or track. The vehicle 1000 may move in a set or predetermined direction according to the rotation of at least one wheel thereof. For example, the vehicle 1000 may include a three-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle, an engineering machine, a two-wheeled vehicle, a prime mover device, a bicycle, or a train traveling on a track.

[0422] The vehicle 1000 may include a body having an interior and an exterior and a chassis in which mechanical equipment required for driving is installed as other parts other than the body. The exterior of the body may include a front panel, a hood, a roof panel, a rear panel, a trunk, and / or pillars provided at the boundaries between doors, etc. The chassis of the vehicle 1000 may include a power generation device, a power transmission device, a drive device, a steering device, a brake device, a suspension device, a transmission device, a fuel device, front and rear wheels, and / or left and right wheels, etc.

[0423] The vehicle 1000 may include side window glasses 1100 , a front window glass 1200 , side view mirrors 1300 , a cluster 1400 , a center instrument panel 1500 , a passenger seat instrument panel 1600 , and a display device 2 .

[0424] The side window glass 1100 and the front window glass 1200 may be separated by pillars disposed between the side window glass 1100 and the front window glass 1200 .

[0425] The side window glass 1100 may be mounted on the side of the vehicle 1000. In some embodiments, the side window glass 1100 may be mounted on a door of the vehicle 1000. A plurality of side window glasses 1100 may be provided, and the plurality of side window glasses 1100 may face each other. In some embodiments, the side window glass 1100 may include a first side window glass 1110 and a second side window glass 1120. In some embodiments, the first side window glass 1110 may be arranged adjacent to the cluster 1400. The second side window glass 1120 may be arranged adjacent to the passenger seat instrument panel 1600.

[0426] In one or more embodiments, the side window glass 1100 may be spaced apart from each other in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction (the direction opposite to the x-axis direction). For example, in some embodiments, the first side window glass 1110 and the second side window glass 1120 may be spaced apart from each other in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction. In other words, the imaginary straight line L connecting the side window glass 1100 may extend in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction. For example, the imaginary straight line L connecting the first side window glass 1110 and the second side window glass 1120 may extend in the x-axis direction or the -x-axis direction.

[0427] The front window glass 1200 may be installed in the front of the vehicle 1000. The front window glass 1200 may be disposed between the side window glasses 1100 facing each other.

[0428] The side view mirror 1300 can provide a rear view of the vehicle 1000. The side view mirror 1300 can be mounted on the exterior of the vehicle body. In some embodiments, a plurality of side view mirrors 1300 can be provided. Any one of the plurality of side view mirrors 1300 can be arranged outside the first side window glass 1110. Another one of the plurality of side view mirrors 1300 can be arranged outside the second side window glass 1120.

[0429] Cluster 1400 may be arranged in front of the steering wheel. Cluster 1400 may include a tachometer, a speedometer, a coolant temperature gauge, a fuel gauge, a turn indicator, a high beam indicator, a warning light, a seat belt warning light, an odometer, an automatic shift selector indicator, a door open warning light, an engine oil warning light, and / or a low fuel warning light.

[0430] The central instrument panel 1500 may include a control panel on which a plurality of buttons for adjusting an audio device, an air conditioning device, and / or a heater of a seat are provided. The central instrument panel 1500 may be arranged on one side of the cluster 1400 .

[0431] The passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be spaced apart from the cluster 1400 and the central instrument panel 1500 may be disposed between the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 and the cluster 1400. In some embodiments, the cluster 1400 may be disposed to correspond to the driver's seat, and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be disposed to correspond to the passenger seat. In some embodiments, the cluster 1400 may be adjacent to the first side window glass 1110, and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may be adjacent to the second side window glass 1120.

[0432] In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may include a display panel 3, and the display panel 3 may display an image. The display device 2 may be arranged inside the vehicle 1000. In some embodiments, the display device 2 may be arranged between side window glasses 1100 facing each other. The display device 2 may be arranged on at least one of the cluster 1400, the center instrument panel 1500, and the passenger seat instrument panel 1600.

[0433] The display device 2 may include an organic light-emitting display device, an inorganic light-emitting display device, and / or a quantum dot display device, etc. Hereinafter, as the display device 2 according to one or more embodiments, an organic light-emitting display device including the aforementioned light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments will be described as an example, but one or more suitable types (kinds) of the aforementioned display devices may be utilized in the embodiments.

[0434] Reference Fig. 6A In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may be arranged on the central instrument panel 1500. In some embodiments, the display device 2 may display navigation information. In some embodiments, the display device 2 may display audio, video, or information about vehicle settings.

[0435] Reference Figure 6B In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may be arranged on the cluster 1400. When the display device 2 is arranged on the cluster 1400, the cluster 1400 may display driving information and the like through the display device 2. For example, the cluster 1400 may be implemented digitally. The digital cluster 1400 may display vehicle information and driving information as images. For example, the needle and instrument of the tachometer and one or more suitable warning light icons may be displayed through digital signals.

[0436] Reference Figure 6CIn one or more embodiments, the display device 2 may be arranged on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600. The display device 2 may be embedded in the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 or arranged on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600. In some embodiments, the display device 2 arranged on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may display images related to the information displayed on the cluster 1400 and / or the information displayed on the central instrument panel 1500. In one or more embodiments, the display device 2 arranged on the passenger seat instrument panel 1600 may display information different from the information displayed on the cluster 1400 and / or the information displayed on the central instrument panel 1500.

[0437] Manufacturing method

[0438] The layer constituting the hole transport region 120, the emission layer 130, and the layer constituting the electron transport region 140 may each be formed in a specific region by utilizing one or more suitable methods (such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and / or laser induced thermal imaging, etc.).

[0439] When the layer constituting the hole transport region 120, the emission layer 130, and the layer constituting the electron transport region 140 are each formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition temperature may be about 100° C. to about 500° C., about 10 -8 To about 10 -3 Torr vacuum and approx. to about The vacuum deposition was performed at a deposition rate of .

[0440] Definition of terms

[0441] As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 60 "Carbocyclyl" refers to a ring group that includes only carbon as a ring-forming atom (e.g., consists only of carbon as a ring-forming atom) and has 3 to 60 carbon atoms.

[0442] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 60 The "heterocyclic group" refers to a ring group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and having a hetero atom as a ring-constituting atom in addition to carbon.

[0443] C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic and C 1 -C 60The heterocyclic groups may all be monocyclic groups including one (eg, only one) ring (eg, monocyclic groups consisting of one (eg, only one) ring) or polycyclic groups in which two or more rings are condensed with each other. 1 -C 60 The number of ring-forming atoms of the heterocyclic group can be 3 to 61.

[0444] As used herein, the term "cyclic group" may include C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic and C 1 -C 60 Both heterocyclic groups (for example, both C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic and C 1 -C 60 heterocyclic group).

[0445] As used herein, the term "π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 The term "cyclic group" refers to a ring group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and not including *-N=*' as a ring-constituting part.

[0446] As used herein, the term "π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 The term "heterocyclic group" refers to a heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including *-N=*' as a ring-forming part.

[0447] For example,

[0448] C 3 -C 60 The carbocyclic group may be: i) a group T1; or ii) a condensed ring group in which two or more groups T1 are condensed with each other (for example, a cyclopentadiene group, an adamantane group, a norbornane group, a phenyl group, a pentalene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, an indacene group, an acenaphthene group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, a benzophenone group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, an indenophenanthrene group or an indenoanthracene group),

[0449] C 1 -C 60The heterocyclic group may be: i) a group T2; ii) a condensed ring group in which two or more groups T2 are condensed with each other; or iii) a condensed ring group in which at least one group T2 and at least one group T1 are condensed with each other (for example, a pyrrole group, a thiophene group, a furan group, an indole group, a benzindole group, a naphthoindole group, an isoindole group, a benzisoindole group, a naphthoisoindole group, a benzosilole group, a benzothiophene group, a benzo furan group, carbazole group, dibenzosilole group, dibenzothiophene group, dibenzofuran group, indenocarbazole group, indolecarbazole group, benzofuranocarbazole group, benzothiophenocarbazole group, benzosiloleocarbazole group, benzoindolecarbazole group, benzocarbazole group, benzonaphthofuran group, benzonaphthothiophene group, benzonaphthosilole group, benzofuranodibenzofuran group, benzofuranodibenzothiophene group, benzothienodibenzothiophene group, pyrazole group, imidazole group, triazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, oxadiazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group, thiadiazole group, benzopyrazole group, benzimidazole group, benzoxazole group, benzisoxazole group, benzothiazole group, benzisothiazole group, pyridine group, pyrimidine group, pyrazine group, pyridazine group, triazine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, a benzoisoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, a benzoquinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a benzoquinazoline group, a phenanthroline group, a cinnoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group, an imidazotriazine group, an imidazopyrazine group, an imidazopyridazine group, an azacarbazole group, an azafluorene group, an azadibenzosilole group, an azadibenzothiophene group, an azadibenzofuran group and / or a xanthene group, etc.),

[0450] Pi-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 The cyclic group may be: i) a group T1; ii) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T1 are condensed with each other; iii) a group T3; iv) a condensed cyclic group in which two or more groups T3 are condensed with each other; or v) a condensed cyclic group in which at least one group T3 and at least one group T1 are condensed with each other (e.g., C 3 -C 60a carbocyclic group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a thiol group, a borole group, a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, a thiophene group, a furan group, an indole group, a benzoindole group, a naphthoindole group, an isoindole group, a benzoisoindole group, a naphthoisoindole group, a benzothiol group, a benzothiophene group, a benzofuran group, a carbazole group, a dibenzothiol group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzofuran group, an indenocarbazole group, an indolecarbazole group, a benzofuranocarbazole group, a benzothiophenocarbazole group, a benzothiololcarbazole group, a benzoindolecarbazole group, a benzocarbazole group, a benzonaphthofuran group, a benzonaphthothiophene group, a benzonaphthothiol group, a benzofuranodibenzofuran group, a benzofuranodibenzothiophene group and / or a benzothiophenodibenzothiophene group, and the like), and

[0451] π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 The heterocyclic group may be: i) a group T4; ii) a condensed ring group in which two or more groups T4 are condensed with each other; iii) a condensed ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T1 are condensed with each other; iv) a condensed ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T3 are condensed with each other; or v) a condensed ring group in which at least one group T4, at least one group T1 and at least one group T3 are condensed with each other (for example, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, a benzopyrazole group, a benzimidazole group, a benzo oxazole group, benzisoxazole group, benzothiazole group, benzisothiazole group, pyridine group, pyrimidine group, pyrazine group, pyridazine group, triazine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, benzisoquinoline group, quinoxaline group, benzoquinoxaline group, quinazoline group, benzoquinazoline group, phenanthroline group, cinnoline group, phthalazine group, naphthyridine group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group, imidazotriazine group, imidazopyrazine group, imidazopyridazine group, azacarbazole group, azafluorene group, azadibenzosilole group, azadibenzothiophene group and / or azadibenzofuran group, etc.).

[0452] The group T1 can be a cyclopropane group, a cyclobutane group, a cyclopentane group, a cyclohexane group, a cycloheptane group, a cyclooctane group, a cyclobutene group, a cyclopentene group, a cyclopentadiene group, a cyclohexene group, a cyclohexadiene group, a cycloheptene group, an adamantane group, a norbornane (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane) group, a norbornene group, a bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane group, a bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane group, a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane group or a phenyl group.

[0453] The group T2 can be a furan group, a thiophene group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a thiol group, a borocyclopentadiene group, a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an azathiol group, an azaborole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a tetrazine group, a tetrahydropyrrole group, an imidazolidinyl group, a dihydropyrrole group, a piperidine group, a tetrahydropyridine group, a dihydropyridine group, a hexahydropyrimidine group, a tetrahydropyrimidine group, a dihydropyrimidine group, a piperazine group, a tetrahydropyrazine group, a dihydropyrazine group, a tetrahydropyridazine group or a dihydropyridazine group.

[0454] The group T3 may be a furan group, a thiophene group, a 1H-pyrrole group, a silole group or a borole group.

[0455] The group T4 can be a 2H-pyrrole group, a 3H-pyrrole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an azathiazole group, an azaborole group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group or a tetrazine group.

[0456] As used herein, the terms "cyclic group", "C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, "C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group", "π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 "Ring" or "π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing C 1 -C 60 The “heterocyclic group” may refer to, depending on the structure of the formula for which the corresponding term is used: i) a group condensed with any cyclic group; ii) a group condensed with a monovalent group; or iii) a group condensed with a polyvalent group (e.g., a divalent group, a trivalent group, a tetravalent group, etc.).

[0457] Depending on the context, in the present disclosure, a divalent group may refer to or may be a multivalent group (eg, trivalent, tetravalent, etc., not just divalent), for example, of the structure of the formula associated with the term used.

[0458] For example, the “phenyl group” may be a benzo group, a phenyl group and / or a phenylene group, etc., which may be easily understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the structure of the formula including the “phenyl group”.

[0459] Unit Price C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic groups and monovalent C 1 -C60 Non-limiting examples of heterocyclic groups may include C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups.

[0460] Bivalent C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic groups and divalent C 1 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of heterocyclic groups may include C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkylene, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenylene, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, C 6 -C 60 Arylene, C 1 -C 60 heteroarylene groups, divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groups.

[0461] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 60 The term “alkyl” refers to a linear or branched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having from one to sixty carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec-decyl, and tert-decyl.

[0462] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 60 "Alkylene" refers to C 1 -C 60 The alkyl group has a divalent group having substantially the same structure.

[0463] As used herein, the term “C 2 -C60 "Alkenyl" refers to 2 -C 60 The alkyl group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or at the terminal, and non-limiting examples thereof may be ethenyl, propenyl and / or butenyl, and the like.

[0464] As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 60 "Alkenylene" refers to C 2 -C 60 An alkenyl group is a divalent group having substantially the same structure.

[0465] As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 60 "Alkynyl" refers to a C 2 -C 60 The alkyl group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at a terminal, and non-limiting examples thereof may be ethynyl and / or propynyl, and the like.

[0466] As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 60 "Alkynylidene" refers to a C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl groups are divalent groups having substantially the same structure.

[0467] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 60 "Alkoxy" refers to -OA 101 (Among them, A 101 C 1 -C 60 The monovalent group represented by alkyl) and its non-limiting examples may be methoxy, ethoxy and / or isopropoxy and the like.

[0468] As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 10 The term "cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon ring group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof may include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl and / or bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, and the like.

[0469] As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to 3 -C 10 The cycloalkyl group has a divalent group having substantially the same structure.

[0470] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 10 The term "heterocycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms which includes at least one hetero atom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof may include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl and / or tetrahydrothienyl.

[0471] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkylene" refers to a C 1 -C 10 The heterocycloalkyl group has a divalent group having substantially the same structure.

[0472] As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 10 The term "cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having three to ten carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and having no aromaticity, and non-limiting examples thereof may include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl and / or cycloheptenyl, etc.

[0473] As used herein, the term “C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkenylene" refers to 3 -C 10 The cycloalkenyl group is a divalent group having substantially the same structure.

[0474] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 10 The term "heterocycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms which contains at least one heteroatom as a ring-forming atom in addition to carbon atoms in its ring structure and has at least one double bond. 1 -C 10 Non-limiting examples of the heterocycloalkenyl group may be 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl and / or 2,3-dihydrothienyl, and the like.

[0475] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkenylene" refers to a C 1 -C 10 The heterocycloalkenyl group has a divalent group having substantially the same structure.

[0476] As used herein, the term “C 6 -C 60 The term "aryl" refers to a monovalent group of a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.

[0477] As used herein, the term “C 6 -C 60The term "arylene" refers to a divalent group of a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.

[0478] C 6 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of aryl groups include phenyl, pentalenyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, indacenyl, acenaphthenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, phenyl, peryl, pentaphenyl, heptaphenyl, tetraphenyl, peramyl, hexyl, pentacene, rubidinyl, corynyl and / or ovaphenyl.

[0479] When C 6 -C 60 Aryl and C 6 -C 60 When the arylene groups each include two or more rings, the rings may be condensed with each other.

[0480] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 60 The "heteroaryl group" refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system of 1 to 60 carbon atoms which includes at least one hetero atom as a ring-constituting atom in addition to carbon atoms.

[0481] As used herein, the term “C 1 -C 60 The "heteroarylene group" refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system of 1 to 60 carbon atoms which includes at least one hetero atom in addition to carbon atoms as a ring-constituting atom.

[0482] C 1 -C 60 Non-limiting examples of heteroaryl groups can be pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, benzoquinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoisoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, and naphthyridinyl.

[0483] When C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl and C 1 -C 60 When the heteroarylene group includes two or more rings, the rings may be condensed with each other.

[0484] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed to each other, having only carbon atoms (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as ring atoms, and having no aromaticity as a whole in its entire molecular structure. Non-limiting examples of monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups are indenyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl and / or indenoanthryl, etc.

[0485] As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group described above.

[0486] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings condensed to each other, including at least one heteroatom as a ring-constituting atom in addition to carbon atoms (for example, having 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and whose entire molecular structure as a whole does not have aromaticity. Non-limiting examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may include pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthoindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthoisoindolyl, benzothioyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothioyl, dibenzothioyl, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothioyl, azadibenzothioyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazoles, thiazolyl, oxadiazoles, thiadi ... oxazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazine, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indenocarbazolyl, indolecarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzothiorrolocarbazolyl, benzoindolecarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiorryl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothiophene and benzothiophenodibenzothiophene.

[0487] As used herein, the term "divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group described above.

[0488] As used herein, the term “C 6 -C 60 "Aryloxy" means -OA 102 (Among them, A 102 C 6 -C 60 aryl).

[0489] As used herein, the term “C 6 -C 60 "Arylthio" means -SA 103 (Among them, A 103 C 6 -C 60 aryl).

[0490] As used herein, the term “C 7 -C60 "Arylalkyl" refers to -A 104 A 105 (Among them, A 104 C 1 -C 54 Alkylene and A 105 C 6 -C 59 aryl).

[0491] As used herein, the term “C 2 -C 60 "Heteroarylalkyl" refers to -A 106 A 107 (Among them, A 106 C 1 -C 59 Alkylene and A 107 C 1 -C 59 heteroaryl).

[0492] As used herein, the term “R 10a ” can be:

[0493] deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro;

[0494] Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, C 2 -C 60 Heteroarylalkyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0495] Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, C 2 -C 60 Heteroarylalkyl, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl or C 2 -C 60 heteroarylalkyl; or

[0496] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ).

[0497] In this disclosure, Q 1 To Q 3 , Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 can be independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; or unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 1 -C 60 C alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 60 Carbocyclic group, C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl or C 2 -C 60 Heteroarylalkyl.

[0498] As used herein, the term "heteroatom" refers to any atom other than a carbon atom. Non-limiting examples of heteroatoms may be O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, and any combination thereof.

[0499] As used herein, the term "third row transition metal" includes Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt and / or Au, among others.

[0500] In the present disclosure, "D" may refer to deuterium, "Ph" may refer to phenyl, "Me" may refer to methyl, "Et" may refer to ethyl, "tert-Bu", " t "Bu" or "Bu t " may refer to tert-butyl, and "OMe" may refer to methoxy.

[0501] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to "phenyl substituted with phenyl." In some embodiments, the "biphenyl" may be a C 6 -C 60 A phenyl group substituted with an aryl group as a substituent.

[0502] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to a "phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group". "Terphenyl" may belong to: i) a group in which a substituent is substituted with a C 6 -C 60 Aryl C 6 -C 60 or ii) having both "C 6 -C 60 The term "substituted phenyl" refers to a "substituted phenyl" having two substituents of "aryl".

[0503] Unless otherwise defined, as used herein, * and *' refer to the binding sites with adjacent atoms in the corresponding formula or moiety.

[0504] In the present disclosure, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are not limited to the three axes in the orthogonal coordinate system, and can be interpreted in a broad sense including these axes. For example, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis can refer to axes that are orthogonal to each other, or can refer to axes in different directions that are not orthogonal to each other.

[0505] Hereinafter, the compounds according to one or more embodiments and the light-emitting devices according to one or more embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the following synthesis examples and examples. The phrase "using B instead of A" used in describing the synthesis examples means using the same molar equivalent of B to replace the same molar equivalent of A.

[0506] Example

[0507] Synthesis Example 1: SnO 2 Inorganic Nanoparticles

[0508] 0.4MSn tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate was dissolved in deionized (DI) water. 4+ The precursor solution is a 0.825 M OH solution in which sodium hydroxide is dissolved in DI water. - The precursor solution was then stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. 5 mL of Sn 4+ Precursor solution, 8 mL of OH - The precursor solution and 27 mL of ethanol were injected into a 50 mL autoclave, and the autoclave was sealed. Then, the reaction was carried out in an oven at 150°C for 6 hours. Afterwards, the synthesized SnO 2 The solution was purified twice, and then the synthesized SnO2 Dispersed in ethanol.

[0509] Synthesis Example 2: SnO 2 Inorganic Nanoparticles

[0510] 1 mmol of tin (IV) acetate, 3.3 mL of oleic acid, 3.3 mL of oleylamine, and 30 mL of xylene were added to the reactor, and the mixture was stirred under vacuum for 30 minutes. 2 After the atmosphere was replaced, the reaction temperature was raised to 100°C and the reaction was maintained for 30 minutes. 1 mL of DI water was quickly injected into the stable Sn 4+ The mixture was stirred for 5 hours and the reaction was continued. After the temperature of the mixture was lowered to room temperature, an excess of ethanol was injected to precipitate the synthesized SnO 2 , and then dispersed it in hexane to synthesize the seed SnO 2 .

[0511] For SnO 2 To increase the growth rate, 1 mmol of tin (IV) acetate, 3.3 mL of oleic acid, and 10 mL of trioctylamine were added to the reactor, and then stirred under vacuum for 30 minutes after the reaction temperature was raised to 120 °C. 2 After the atmosphere is replaced, a seed crystal SnO is added. 2 The reaction was allowed to proceed for 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, the obtained SnO 2 The solution was cooled to room temperature, purified twice with hexane and ethanol, and then dispersed in cyclohexylbenzene.

[0512] Synthesis Example 3: ZnO Inorganic Nanoparticles

[0513] 80mmol of zinc acetate dihydrate and 320mL of dimethyl sulfoxide were added to the reactor and then stirred for 120 minutes. Next, the reaction temperature of the reactor was reduced to 4°C, and 80mL of a mixed solution containing 1M tetramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate (TMAH) and ethanol was injected therein over a period of 20 minutes. After the injection of the TMAH solution was completed, the reaction was maintained for 1 hour and 20 minutes, and the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles thus synthesized were then precipitated by using acetone.

[0514] Synthesis Example 4: ZnMgO Inorganic Nanoparticles

[0515] 4 mmol of zinc acetate dihydrate and 1 mmol of magnesium acetate tetrahydrate were dissolved in 30 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and a solution in which 5 mmol of tetramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate (TMAH) was dissolved in 10 mL of ethanol (EtOH) was slowly added dropwise and stirred for 1 hour to obtain ZnMgO dissolved in EtOH.

[0516] Evaluation Example 1: Solvent

[0517] The boiling point, viscosity and surface tension of each of Compounds 1-1 to 1-8 and Comparative Compounds CE1 (ethanol), CE2 (diethylene glycol monobutyl ether) and CE3 (triethylene glycol monomethyl ether) were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. In this regard, the boiling point was measured by using Duran's boiling point specification device, the viscosity was measured by using Brookfield's DV2T, and the surface tension was measured by using Data Physics' DCTA21.

[0518] Table 1

[0519]

[0520]

[0521] Preparation Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Preparation Examples 1 to 10: Composition

[0522] Compositions 1 to 8 and Comparative Compositions 1 to 10 were prepared by using the metal oxides and solvents shown in Table 2, respectively.

[0523] Table 2

[0524]

[0525]

[0526]

[0527] Evaluation Example 2: Particle Size

[0528] After the compositions of Preparation Examples 1 to Preparation Examples 8 and Comparative Preparation Examples 1 to Comparative Preparation Examples 10 were placed at room temperature, their particle sizes were measured after 1 week or 2 weeks, and the results are shown in Table 3. Particle size was measured by utilizing a DLS device (Nano-ZS90 of Malvern). The smaller the difference between the initial average particle size and the average particle size after 1 week or 2 weeks, the better the dispersibility of the solvent used. When the average particle size was large so that the composition was clogged in the nozzle, making it difficult to measure in practice, the result was expressed as "-".

[0529] Table 3

[0530]

[0531]

[0532] Referring to Table 3, it was confirmed that Compositions 1 to 8 had a smaller difference between the initial average particle size and the average particle size after 1 week compared to Comparative Compositions 1 to 4, Comparative Compositions 7, and Comparative Compositions 9. Therefore, it was confirmed that the compound used as a solvent in Compositions 1 to 8 had excellent or suitable dispersibility.

[0533] Evaluation Example 3: Sprayability

[0534] The compositions of Preparation Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Preparation Examples 1 to 10 were each ejected into an inkjet device, and the ejectability of the compositions was confirmed again after 24 hours. The ejectability criteria include a drop accuracy of ±20 μm. In Table 4, results within this range are indicated as "O", and results outside this range are indicated as "X". The inkjet device used here is a Dimatix Materials Printer DMP-2850.

[0535] Table 4

[0536]

[0537]

[0538] Referring to Table 4, it was confirmed that each of Compositions 1 to 8 is suitable for the inkjet printing process. As confirmed in Table 3, Comparative Compositions 1 to 4, Comparative Compositions 7 and 9 have reduced particle size stability, so that their jettability is also reduced in the inkjet printing process. In addition, as shown in Table 1, Comparative Compositions 5 and 6 include comparative compounds having a relatively low boiling point, so their jettability is also reduced in the inkjet printing process.

[0539] Example 1: Light Emitting Device

[0540] An ITO glass substrate (50 mm×50 mm, 15 Ω / sq) for electroluminescent quantum dots (EL-QD) (manufactured by Samsung Corning) was sequentially ultrasonicated with distilled water and isopropanol, followed by UV ozone cleaning for 30 min. TMHIL8) is spin-coated on a clean ITO glass substrate to which a transparent electrode line is attached to form a 60nm thick film. The film is then baked at 120°C for 10 minutes to form a hole injection layer. Compound 101 is spin-coated on the hole injection layer to form a 20nm thick film, and the film is then baked at 120°C for 10 minutes to form a hole transport layer. Red InP quantum dots dispersed in octane are spin-coated on the hole transport layer to form a 20nm thick film, and the film is then baked at 100°C for 10 minutes to form a red emission layer. The inorganic nanoparticles of composition 1 are spin-coated on the red emission layer to form a 30nm thick film, and the film is then baked at 120°C for 10 minutes to form an electron transport layer. Then, after the glass substrate is mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition device, Al is deposited on the electron transport layer to form an anode with a thickness of 100nm, thereby completing the manufacture of the quantum dot light-emitting device. The device used for deposition is a Suicel plus200 evaporator from Sunic System.

[0541] Compound 101

[0542]

[0543] Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10

[0544] Light-emitting devices were each manufactured in substantially the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compositions shown in Table 5 were each used to form an electron transport layer.

[0545] Table 5

[0546] Electron transport layer Example 1 Composition 1 Example 2 Composition 2 Example 3 Composition 3 Example 4 Composition 4 Example 5 Composition 5 Example 6 Composition 6 Example 7 Composition 7 Example 8 Composition 8 Comparative Example 1 Comparative composition 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative composition 2 Comparison Example 3 Comparative composition 3 Comparison Example 4 Comparative composition 4 Comparative Example 5 Comparative composition 5 Comparative Example 6 Comparative composition 6 Comparative Example 7 Comparative composition 7 Comparative Example 8 Comparative composition 8 Comparative Example 9 Comparative composition 9 Comparative Example 10 Comparative composition 10

[0547] Evaluation Example 4 (Light Emitting Device)

[0548] Each of the light emitting devices of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 was measured at 10 mA / cm 2 The driving voltage, luminous efficiency, color coordinates and lifespan under current are shown in Table 6. In Table 6, lifespan T90 refers to when (at 10 mA / cm 2 (bottom) The time (hr) taken for the brightness to reach 90% when the initial brightness is set to 100%.

[0549] - Color coordinates: Power was supplied from a current-voltammeter (Kethley SMU 236), and the color coordinates were measured by using a luminance meter PR650.

[0550] - Luminous efficiency: Power was supplied from a current-voltammeter (Kethley SMU 236), and the luminous efficiency was measured by using a luminance meter PR650.

[0551] Table 6

[0552]

[0553] Referring to Table 6, it was confirmed that each of the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 8 had a lower driving voltage, higher luminous efficiency, and longer life than the driving voltage, luminous efficiency, and life of the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 10. In Comparative Compositions 7 to 10 (particularly Comparative Compositions 8 and 10), quantum dots were easily damaged, thereby reducing the luminous efficiency and life of the light-emitting device.

[0554] According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a solvent can be used to prepare a composition that is easy to implement an inkjet printing process, and in this regard, a metal oxide can be used to prepare a light-emitting device with low driving voltage, high luminous efficiency and / or long life.

[0555] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects within each embodiment should generally be considered applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that one or more suitable changes in form and details may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composition comprising: a solvent including one or more first compounds represented by Formula 1; as well as Contains no zinc metal oxides: Formula 1 ZO-L1-O-(L2-O) n -R1, Among them, in formula 1, Z is hydrogen or deuterium, n is an integer from 0 to 5, and When n is 2 or greater, The number of L2 is n, which is the same as or different from each other, and Among them, in formula 1, L1 and L2 are each independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkyne, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, R1 is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C7-C 60 Arylalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), i) when R1 is a straight chain alkyl group and n is 0, R1 binds to L1 to form C2-C 60 Heterocyclic group, ii) when R1 is a linear alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 5, R1 binds to L2 to form C2-C 60 Heterocyclic group, iii) when R1 is a branched alkyl group and n is 0, R1 optionally binds to L1 to form C2-C 60 Heterocyclic group, iv) when R1 is a branched alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 5, R1 optionally binds to L2 to form C2-C 60 Heterocyclic group, R 10a for: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro; Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy; Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy or C6-C 60 arylthio; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 are independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkynyl; C1-C 60 Alkoxy; or unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C4 alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The boiling point of the solvent is 200° C. or higher.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The solvent has a viscosity of 30 cP or less.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The surface tension of the solvent is 40 dyn / cm or less.

5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The viscosity of the composition is 20 cP or less.

6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The surface tension of the composition is 34 dyn / cm or less.

7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The bond dissociation energy between the metal element and the oxygen element of the metal oxide is 300 kJ / mol or more.

8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The metal oxide is selected from tin oxide, nickel oxide and copper oxide.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein In Formula 1, R1 is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The invention can be isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl or phenyl.

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein In Formula 1, n is an integer of 1 to 5, R1 is an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group or an n-pentyl group, and R1 and L2 are combined with each other to form a C2-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The first compound is represented by one selected from Formula 1A to Formula 1C: Formula 1A Formula 1B Formula 1C and Wherein, in Formula 1A to Formula 1C, Z, L1, n and R1 are independently the same as defined in Formula 1.

12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein The first compound is one selected from Compound 1-1 to Compound 1-8:

13. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising a dispersing additive, the dispersing additive comprising a second compound represented by Formula 2: Formula 2 in, In formula 2, L 11 is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkenylene, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkyne, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, a, b, c and d are each independently 0 or 1, and Y is a group represented by one selected from Formula 2A to Formula 2C: Formula 2A Formula 2B Formula 2C and Wherein, in Formula 2 and Formula 2A to Formula 2C, R 11 To R 19 are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C2-C 60 Alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 Alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C7-C 60 Arylalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a C1-C 60 heterocyclic group, -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) or -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), R 10a for: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxy, cyano or nitro; Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 )、-P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) or any combination thereof C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy; Unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 )、-P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) or any combination thereof C3-C 60 Carbocyclic group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy or C6-C 60 arylthio; or -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 )或-P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 are independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkynyl; C1-C 60 Alkoxy; or unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 C3-C4 alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl or any combination thereof 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 a heterocyclic group, and *Indicates the binding site with the adjacent atom.

14. The composition according to claim 13, wherein The second compound is one selected from Compound 2-1 to Compound 2-5:

15. A light emitting device, comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode, facing the first electrode; an intermediate layer, between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including an emission layer; as well as A metal oxide layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode and is formed by using the composition according to claim 1.

16. The light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein: The emitting layer includes quantum dots.

17. The light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein: The intermediate layer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emissive layer and an electron transport region between the emissive layer and the second electrode, and At least one of the hole transport region and the electron transport region includes the metal oxide layer.

18. The light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein: The metal oxide layer is in contact with the emission layer.

19. An electronic device, comprising: The light emitting device according to claim 15; as well as A thin film transistor is electrically connected to the light emitting device.

20. An electronic device comprising the light emitting device according to claim 15, wherein: The electronic device is at least one selected from a flat panel display, a curved display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a light for indoor or outdoor lighting and / or signaling, a head-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a rollable display, a foldable display, a stretchable display, a laser printer, a phone, a tablet, a tablet phone, a personal digital assistant, a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a microdisplay, a three-dimensional display, a virtual or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall with multiple displays stitched together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign.

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