Armature and motor

Abstract

The movable member (1) as an armature has teeth (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) having cores (111, 121, 131, 141, 151), an insulating holding member (201), winding portions (11a, 12a, 13a, 13b, 14a, 15a) formed of coils by winding electric wires on the cores (111, 121, 131, 141, 151) from above the insulating holding member (201), the teeth (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) including teeth (11, 12, 14, 15) as first teeth of the winding portions (11a, 12a, 14a, 15a) having coil portions of only one phase and teeth (13) as second teeth of the winding portions (13a, 13b) having coil portions of two phases different from each other, in the teeth (13) as the second teeth, the winding portions (13a, 13b) are constituted of one electric wire and are continuously wound via an intermediate fixing member provided to the insulating holding member (201).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an armature formed by winding and mounting wires in a toothed manner, and an electric motor having the armature. Background Technology

[0002] Previously, in electric motors with teeth containing wound wires, the following configuration was known.

[0003] That is, a coil of multiple phases is wound around one tooth with the aim of achieving a balance between the cogging thrust or cogging torque and the magnetomotive force.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a coil of two different phase portions is wound in one tooth, and each phase coil is wound with a single wire, thereby reducing the wiring process after winding.

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-225035 Summary of the Invention

[0006] However, the technology disclosed in the aforementioned Patent Document 1 has the following problem: since the winding time and wiring time are increased after the wire of the coil of one phase is wound and then the wire of the coil of another different phase is wound.

[0007] The present invention is proposed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to obtain an armature that reduces winding time and wiring time after winding.

[0008] To solve the aforementioned problems and achieve the objective, the armature of the present invention is configured opposite to the excitation through a gap and is driven by three-phase AC excitation. The armature has multiple teeth, each tooth having an iron core, an insulating retaining member mounted on the iron core, and a winding portion forming a coil by winding an insulated wire from above the insulating retaining member around the iron core. The multiple teeth include a first tooth of a winding portion having a coil portion with only one phase and a second tooth of a winding portion having coil portions with two different phases. In the second tooth, the winding portions of the two different phases are formed by a single wire, continuously wound via an intermediate fixing member provided on the insulating retaining member.

[0009] The effects of the invention

[0010] The armature involved in this invention has the following effect: it can reduce the winding time and the wiring time after winding. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the linear motor involved in Embodiment 1.

[0012] Figure 2 This is the wiring diagram of the linear motor involved in Implementation Method 1.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the first tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the linear motor involved in Embodiment 2.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2.

[0021] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2.

[0022] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2.

[0023] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor involved in Embodiment 3.

[0024] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 3.

[0025] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 3.

[0026] Figure 16 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor involved in a variation of Embodiment 3.

[0027] Figure 17 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor involved in Embodiment 4.

[0028] Figure 18 This is the wiring diagram of the linear motor involved in Implementation Method 4.

[0029] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 4. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The armature and motor involved in the embodiments will now be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Implementation method 1.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. The linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 has a movable member 1 serving as an armature and a fixed member 3 serving as an excitation element, which is opposite to the movable member 1 through a gap. The fixed member 3 has a permanent magnet 31 and a mounting base 32 for fixing the permanent magnet 31. The movable member 1 has teeth 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15. The teeth 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 have: iron cores 111, 121, 131, 141, and 151; an insulation holding member 201, which has the functions of wire holding and insulation; and winding portions 11a, 12a, 13a, 13b, 14a, and 15a, which are formed by winding an insulating wire from above the insulation holding member 201 around the iron cores 111, 121, 131, 141, and 151 and the insulation holding member 201 to form a coil.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. Winding section 11a

[0034] Winding section 11a and 15a constitute the U-phase coil, winding sections 12a and 13b constitute the V-phase coil, and winding sections 13a and 14a constitute the W-phase coil. The winding sections 11a and 15a (U-phase), 12a and 13b (V-phase), and 14a and 13a (W-phase) are connected in series, and the coils of each phase are connected via a Y-connection through the neutral point. That is, tooth 13 has two different phase winding sections: winding section 13b (V-phase) and winding section 13a (W-phase). The two different phase winding sections 13a and 13b of tooth 13 are coils directly connected to the neutral point.

[0035] In a typical electric motor driven by three-phase AC excitation with a concentrated winding structure, a winding section formed by winding wires into a toothed iron core constitutes the coil of one phase. That is, in a typical electric motor, one tooth has one winding section. On the other hand, the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 has a structure in which the number of teeth is not a multiple of 3 in order to take into account both miniaturization and low thrust pulsation, and tooth 13 among teeth 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 has winding sections 13a and 13b with coil portions of two different phases.

[0036] Here, the teeth 11, 12, 14, and 15 of the winding portions 11a, 12a, 14a, and 15a that have only one phase are referred to as the first teeth, and the teeth 13 of the winding portions 13a and 13b that have two different phases are referred to as the second teeth.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the first tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. The core 111 is constructed by overlapping multiple electromagnetic steel plates 102. Here, the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104 are members that are fixed by pulling out the wire and winding it during the winding process, and are both fixed to the insulation holding member 201. The winding start fixing member 103 is used to fix the wire at the beginning of the winding process, and the winding end fixing member 104 is used at the end of the winding process.

[0038] Here, taking tooth 11 as an example, the coil formation process in the first tooth will be explained. First, a wire is wound around the winding start fixing member 103. After forming the winding start portion 301, a predetermined number of turns of wire are wound counterclockwise around the insulation holding member 201 to form a winding portion 11a that generates magnetic flux in tooth 11. By forming the winding start portion 301 in advance, the wire is prevented from falling off the insulation holding member 201 during the winding process for forming the winding portion 11a. Then, the wire is wound around the winding end fixing member 104 provided on the insulation holding member 201 in the same way as the winding start portion 301, thereby forming the winding end portion 304, and the formation of the coil in tooth 11 is completed. As described above, the coil of tooth 11 consists of only one phase winding portion 11a. Furthermore, in teeth 12, 14, and 15, which are the same first teeth, coils are formed through the same process as tooth 11.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1. Figure 5 and Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the electric motor according to Embodiment 1. In the winding portions 13a and 13b, which have coil portions with different phases, the second tooth 13 is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the insulation retaining member 201 includes: an intermediate fixing member 105; a guide protrusion 202, which guides the wire along itself during the winding process of the second phase winding section 13b, described later; and a winding start groove 701, which determines the position of the winding start wire of the winding section 13b. The core 131 is constructed by overlapping multiple electromagnet steel plates 102.

[0040] First, an example of the winding process for the first phase is shown. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the wire is wound around the winding start fixing member 103 to form a winding start portion 301. Then, the wire is wound counterclockwise around the insulation holding member 201 with a predetermined number of turns, thereby forming the winding portion 13a of the first phase. Furthermore, during this stage, the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a and... Figure 4 The difference is that instead of winding at the end of the winding process, the fixed part 104 is wound, and the part becomes free to move.

[0041] Next, the intermediate section 303 is wound to form the second phase winding section 13b. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a is wound around the intermediate fixing member 105 located between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104, forming a jumper wire 402 connecting the winding portion 13a and the intermediate portion 303, and the wire wound around the intermediate fixing member 105, i.e., the intermediate portion 303. The wire is then positioned in the winding start groove 701. At this time, the wire is positioned along the guide protrusion 202 provided on the insulation holding member 201 without contacting the winding start fixing member 103, forming a jumper wire 403 connecting the neutral point and the winding start of the winding portion 13b. Then, the wire is wound around the winding portion 13a in the same orientation as the winding portion 13a and a predetermined number of times to form the winding portion 13b, overlapping the winding portion 13a. Finally, the wire is wound around the winding end fixing member 104, and the wire is cut after the winding end portion 304 is formed.

[0042] As described above, the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 can continuously wind the winding portion 13a of the first phase and the winding portion 13b of the second phase using a single wire, thereby reducing winding time. Furthermore, as... Figure 2 As shown, winding sections 13a and 13b are coils directly connected to the neutral point, so the intermediate fixing member 105 can also be set as the neutral point during wiring. As a result, the number of wire endpoints constituting the winding sections 11a, 12a, 13a, 13b, 14a, and 15a of each phase is reduced, and the wiring process can be reduced.

[0043] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 1. The winding section 13a of the first phase is wound counterclockwise with the winding start wire 501 as the winding start and the winding end wire 502 as the winding end of the first phase winding section 13a. The winding section 13b of the second phase is wound in the same winding direction as the winding section 13a of the first phase with the winding start wire 503 as the winding start and the winding end wire 504 as the winding end.

[0044] Here, the winding end wire 502 of the first phase winding section 13a is connected to the neutral point, so the current flowing in the winding section 13a is in the direction from the winding start wire 501 to the winding end wire 502, that is, the current direction 601. On the other hand, the winding start wire 503 of the second phase winding section 13b is connected to the neutral point, so the current flows in the direction from the winding end wire 504 to the winding start wire 503, that is, the current direction 602.

[0045] At this time, the contact portions of the first phase winding section 13a and the second phase winding section 13b, namely the winding end wire 502 of winding section 13a and the winding start wire 503 of winding section 13b, are connected to the neutral point side. Therefore, the potential difference between the contact portions of winding section 13a and winding section 13b generated by the surge voltage generated during current excitation is smaller compared to the case where the winding end wire 502 of winding section 13a and the winding start wire 503 of winding section 13b are not connected to the neutral point. The potential difference between winding section 13a and winding section 13b is relatively reduced, thereby ensuring phase-to-phase insulation performance even if, for example, no insulating component such as insulating paper is provided at the contact portions of winding section 13a and winding section 13b. Therefore, phase-to-phase insulation can be ensured simultaneously without reducing the winding duty cycle.

[0046] Furthermore, in the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, the intermediate fixing member 105 is disposed between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104, but it is only necessary to dispose of it between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104 as long as they are separated by the required insulation distance.

[0047] Furthermore, in the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1, the winding portions 13a and 13b are each wound counterclockwise, but the same effect is obtained even if they are wound clockwise. Additionally, the same effect is obtained even if one of the winding portions 13a and 13b is wound clockwise and the other counterclockwise. That is, in the tooth 13, which is the second tooth, the winding portions 13a and 13b of two different phases can be wound in the same winding direction on the core 131 and the insulation retaining member 201, or they can be wound in different winding directions on the core 131 and the insulation retaining member 201.

[0048] In addition, in Embodiment 1, an example of a linear motor 10 with a 4-pole excitation magnet of the fixed member 3 and a 6-phase movable member 1 as the armature is given. However, the combination of phases constituting the magnet and the armature can be any combination as long as it is a suitable combination for driving the linear motor 10.

[0049] Furthermore, while the example of a linear motor 10 was given in Embodiment 1, the same implementation is possible in a rotary motor.

[0050] The linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 can reduce winding time by continuously winding the first phase winding portion 13a and the second phase winding portion 13b, and can reduce the wiring process after winding by providing an intermediate portion 303 between the winding portion 13a and the winding portion 13b.

[0051] Implementation method 2.

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2. The wiring of the movable member 1A of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 2 is the same as that of the movable member 1 of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1. The tooth 13 is the second tooth having a winding portion 13b as the V-phase coil and a winding portion 13a as the W-phase coil, and is wound with the winding portions 13a and 13b in contact with each other. When the winding portions 13a and 13b constituting the two different phases of the coil are arranged in the arrangement direction of the movable member 1A and the fixed member 3, the winding portion 13a is closer to the core portion of the tooth 13 than the winding portion 13b, allowing more magnetic flux to pass through. Therefore, the W-phase, which has the winding portion 13a as a structural element, has a higher induced voltage than the V-phase, which has the winding portion 13b as a structural element.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2. Figure 10 and Figure 11This diagram illustrates the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2. The coil forming process of the second tooth will be explained starting with the winding process of the winding section 13a of the first phase. Figure 10 As shown, a winding start part 301 is formed by winding the wire around the winding start fixing member 103. Then, the wire is wound counterclockwise around the insulation holding member 201 with a predetermined number of turns, thereby forming the winding part 13a of the first phase. At this time, in order to carry out the winding of the second phase, a space is provided on the side closer to the fixing member 3 than the winding part 13a in the arrangement direction of the movable member 1A and the fixing member 3. In this stage, as... Figure 10 As shown, the winding end wire 401 of the first phase winding section 13a is not wound around the winding end fixing member 104 and is in a state of free movement.

[0054] Next, the intermediate section 303 is wound to form the second phase winding section 13b. For example... Figure 11 As shown, an intermediate portion 303 is formed by winding the winding end wire 401 of the winding portion 13a on an intermediate fixing member 105 located between the winding start fixing member 103 and the winding end fixing member 104, and the wire is positioned in the winding start groove 701. At this time, the wire is wound along the guide protrusion 202 provided on the insulation holding member 201 in a manner that does not contact the winding start fixing member 103. Then, the wire is wound counterclockwise with a predetermined number of turns. After forming the winding portion 13b on the side closer to the fixing member 3 than the winding portion 13a in the arrangement direction of the movable member 1A and the fixing member 3, the wire is wound on the winding end fixing member 104 to form the winding end portion 304. After forming the winding end portion 304, the wire is cut, thereby becoming... Figure 9 The winding configuration shown is as described.

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 2. The winding portion 13a of the first phase is wound counterclockwise from the winding start wire 501 to the winding end wire 502. The winding portion 13b of the second phase is also wound counterclockwise from the winding start wire 503 to the winding end wire 504, similar to the winding portion 13a of the first phase.

[0056] Here, the winding end wire 502 of winding section 13a is connected to the neutral point, so the direction of the current flowing in winding section 13a is from the winding start wire 501 to the winding end wire 502, i.e., the direction of current direction 601. On the other hand, the winding start wire 503 of winding section 13b is connected to the neutral point, so the direction of current flow is from the winding end wire 504 to the winding start wire 503, i.e., the direction of current direction 602. Therefore, in the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 2, the winding start wire 501 of winding section 13a and the winding end wire 504 of winding section 13b can be arranged far apart, and even if insulating materials such as insulating paper are not provided between winding section 13a and winding section 13b, insulation failure caused by sudden surge voltage can be avoided. Therefore, the winding duty cycle can be increased, and for motors of the same specifications, the effect of temperature rise caused by copper loss can be reduced.

[0057] In the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 2, the winding section 13a and the winding section 13b are arranged along the arrangement direction of the movable member 1A and the fixed member 3, so that the induced voltage in each phase can be finely adjusted, and the design freedom can be improved.

[0058] Implementation method 3.

[0059] Figure 13 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to Embodiment 3. In the movable member 1B of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 3, the tooth 13 is a second tooth having a winding portion 13b as a coil of the V phase and a winding portion 13a as a coil of the W phase. The winding portion 13b and the winding portion 13a are wound together with an insulating member 71 in between.

[0060] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 3. Figure 15 This diagram illustrates the manufacturing process of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 3. The coil forming process of the second tooth will be explained starting with the winding process of the first phase winding portion 13a. The process from winding the winding portion 13a until the wire is placed in the winding start slot 701 is the same as that of the movable member 1A of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 2. After placing the wound wire of the winding portion 13a in the winding start slot 701, an insulating member 71 is placed on the side of the fixed member 3 of the winding portion 13a in the arrangement direction of the movable member 1B and the fixed member 3, and then the winding portion 13b of the second phase is wound, thereby forming the second tooth. As with the movable member 1B of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 3, by placing insulating members 71 between the winding portions 13a and 13b constituting coils of different phases, it is possible to improve insulation performance while suppressing winding time.

[0061] Figure 16 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to a variation of Embodiment 3. In the movable member 1B of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 3, the winding portions 13a and 13b are arranged along the arrangement direction of the movable member 1B and the fixed member 3. However, as with the movable member 1C of the linear motor 10 according to a variation of Embodiment 3, the same effect is obtained even if the winding portions 13a and 13b are arranged in the winding center direction.

[0062] Implementation method 4.

[0063] Figure 17 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor involved in Embodiment 4. Figure 18 This is a wiring diagram of the linear motor according to Embodiment 4. Tooth 12 is the second tooth having a winding portion 12b as the U-phase coil and a winding portion 12a as the V-phase coil. Tooth 14 is the second tooth having a winding portion 14b as the V-phase coil and a winding portion 14a as the W-phase coil. That is, in the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 4, the armature, i.e., the movable member 1D, has two second teeth. The winding process in teeth 12 and 14 is the same as that in tooth 13 of the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 1.

[0064] Figure 19 This is a perspective view of the second tooth of the linear motor according to Embodiment 4. Regarding the winding process of the first phase, i.e., the winding section 13a, and... Figure 4 The teeth 13 involved in Embodiment 1 shown are the same. After the winding of the winding portion 13a is completed, the jumper wire 402 connecting the winding portion 13a and the intermediate portion 303 and the jumper wire 403 connecting the intermediate portion 303 and the winding portion 13b are cut off.

[0065] In the linear motor 10 according to Embodiment 4, the jumper wire 402 connecting the winding section 13a and the intermediate section 303 and the jumper wire 403 connecting the intermediate section 303 and the winding section 13b are cut off. This allows the winding end wire 401 of the winding section 13a and the winding start wire 404 of the winding section 13b to be disconnected from the intermediate fixing member 105. It is not necessary to connect the winding end wire 401 of the winding section 13a and the winding start wire 404 of the winding section 13b to the neutral point, which can increase the degree of design freedom.

[0066] The above-described embodiment is an example of a structure representing content. It can also be combined with other known technologies, and parts of the structure can be omitted or modified without departing from the main idea.

[0067] Explanation of the label

[0068] 1. Movable parts 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D; 3 fixed parts; 10 linear motor; 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 teeth; 11a, 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 15a winding sections; 31 permanent magnet; 32 mounting base; 71 insulating parts; 102 electromagnetic steel plate; 103 winding start fixing parts; 104 winding end fixing parts; 105 intermediate fixing parts; 111, 121, 131, 141, 151 iron core; 201 insulation holding parts; 202 guide protrusions; 301 winding start section; 303 intermediate section; 304 winding end section; 401, 502, 504 winding end wires; 404, 501, 503 winding start wires; 402, 403 jumper wires; 601, 602 current direction; 701 winding start slot.

Claims

1. An armature, configured opposite to an excitation source with a gap, and driven by three-phase AC excitation. The armature is characterized by, It has multiple teeth, each tooth having an iron core, an insulating retaining member mounted on the iron core, and a winding portion forming a coil by winding an insulating wire from above the insulating retaining member around the iron core. The plurality of teeth include a first tooth of the winding portion having a coil portion with only one phase and a second tooth of the winding portion having coil portions with two phases different from each other. In the second tooth, the winding portions of two different phases are formed by a single wire, which is continuously wound via an intermediate fixing member provided in the insulation retaining member.

2. The armature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate fixed component is the electrical neutral point of the wiring structure.

3. The armature according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the second tooth, the winding portions of two different phases are wound on the core and the insulation retaining member in the same winding direction or in different winding directions.

4. The armature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winding portion of the coil, which constitutes two different phases, is wound in an overlapping manner with the iron core and the insulation retaining member.

5. The armature according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winding portions of the coils, which constitute two different phases, are wound around the core and the insulation holding member in such a manner that they are arranged along the alignment direction of the armature and the excitation.

6. The armature according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The winding portions of the coils that constitute two different phases are in direct contact with each other.

7. An electric motor, characterized in that, have: Excitation; and The armature as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. An electric motor, characterized in that, have: Excitation; and The armature as described in claim 6.

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