Communication method, related device, readable storage medium and chip system

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method, a related device, a readable storage medium and a chip system, and aims to flexibly configure related parameters of pilot frequency and meet more service requirements. In the application, a first terminal device obtains a pilot frequency, and the pilot frequency has an association relationship with a first parameter; the first parameter comprises the number of network devices in a place where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices in the place where the first terminal device is applicable, the density of the terminal devices in the place where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the place where the first terminal device is applicable, a scene type of the place where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the place where the first terminal device is applicable, and a data transmission rate threshold; and at least one of a data transmission time delay threshold, a data transmission error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold. The first terminal device communicates according to the pilot frequency. In this way, the related parameters of the pilot frequency can be configured more flexibly according to the first parameter, so that the communication performance is improved, and more service requirements are met.

Description

A communication method, related device, readable storage medium and chip system Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, related devices, readable storage media, and chip system. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-reliability low latency communication (URLLC), a typical example of one of the three major application scenarios for fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G), is crucial for widespread adoption in areas such as autonomous driving, industrial manufacturing, connected vehicles, and smart grids. URLLC has different latency, reliability, and bandwidth requirements in different scenarios. To meet the latency and reliability requirements of each scenario, it is necessary to determine the relevant parameters of the pilot signal in the communication system for data transmission.

[0003] However, the current method for configuring relevant parameters of the pilot is not flexible enough and may not meet the needs of services such as URLLC services that have high requirements on both delay and reliability.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication method, related devices, readable storage medium and chip system, in order to flexibly configure relevant parameters of the pilot to meet more business needs.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first terminal device. The first terminal device can be a terminal equipment, or can be executed by a component inside the terminal equipment (such as a chip, chip system, unit or module, etc.), or can also be implemented by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first terminal device. This application does not limit this.

[0007] The first terminal device obtains a pilot signal, where the pilot signal is associated with a first parameter. The first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices within a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices within the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a density of terminal devices within the location where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a scenario type of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold. The first terminal device communicates based on the pilot signal.

[0008] Based on the above solution, the first terminal device determines the pilot according to the first pilot characteristic information, and the first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter. Since the first parameter includes the number of network devices in the applicable place of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices in the applicable place of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices in the applicable place, the size information of the applicable place, the scene type of the applicable place, the channel type corresponding to the applicable place, the data transmission rate threshold, the data transmission delay threshold, the data transmission bit error rate threshold, or at least one of the data transmission reliability threshold, the pilot-related parameters can be configured more flexibly according to the first parameter, thereby improving communication performance and meeting more business needs.

[0009] It should be understood that a pilot, also known as a reference signal or training sequence, is a known signal to both the transmitting device (the second communication device) and the receiving device (the first communication device). The transmitting device transmits a known reference signal, which propagates through the channel and is received by the receiving device. The receiving device compares the received reference signal with the known reference signal to estimate the channel.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot among the pilots included in the first pilot set. The first pilot set is associated with the first parameter. Compared to a solution in which the pilot is directly associated with the first parameter, this solution can simplify the association. The first terminal device can determine the first pilot set to use based on the first parameter and then communicate using the pilots in the first pilot set.

[0011] For example, the first terminal device may negotiate with other terminal devices to determine the pilot used by the first terminal device, or the first terminal device may determine the pilot used by the first terminal device based on information indicating the pilot from the network device, or the first terminal device may determine the pilot used by the first terminal device based on pilot allocation information associated with the first pilot set. The pilot allocation information indicates how the pilots are allocated between multiple terminal devices, for example, the pilot allocation information may indicate the identifiers of the terminal devices corresponding to the pilots in the first pilot set. The pilot allocation information may be included in the first pilot feature information associated with the first pilot set involved later, or may be set independently of the first pilot feature information.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot in a first pilot set. The first pilot set is associated with first pilot characteristic information. The first pilot characteristic information includes at least one of density, number, or length of the pilots in the first pilot set. The first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter.

[0013] Compared with the solution of directly establishing an association relationship between the pilot and the first parameter, this solution can simplify the association relationship. The first terminal device can determine the pilot characteristic information (such as the first pilot characteristic information) of the pilot to be used based on the first parameter, and then obtain the pilot based on the first pilot characteristic information. For example, the first terminal device can generate a pilot that meets the pilot characteristic information based on the first pilot characteristic information. For example, the first terminal device can interact with other terminal devices so that the pilot characteristic information corresponding to the pilot allocated to the terminal devices in the area meets the requirements of the first pilot characteristic information. For another example, the first terminal device determines the first pilot set based on the association relationship between the first pilot characteristic information and the first pilot set, and then communicates based on the pilots in the first pilot set. In another possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information also includes pilot allocation information, and the pilot allocation information indicates the allocation method of each pilot in the terminal device, such as the pilot allocation information indicates the identifier of the terminal device to which the pilots in the first pilot set are allocated.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information is one candidate pilot characteristic information among multiple candidate pilot characteristic information. The candidate pilot characteristic information includes first candidate pilot characteristic information and second candidate pilot characteristic information; the first candidate pilot characteristic information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length; and the second candidate pilot characteristic information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length. At least one of the pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length differs between the first candidate pilot characteristic information and the second candidate pilot characteristic information.

[0015] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, multiple candidate pilot feature information can be preset, and two different candidate pilot feature information can be associated with different first parameters. In this way, the first terminal device can select the candidate pilot feature information that matches the first parameter according to the specific value of the first parameter, thereby improving the applicability of the solution.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the plurality of candidate pilot feature information is predefined. Alternatively, the first terminal device receives information indicating the plurality of candidate pilot feature information from the first network device. This can improve the flexibility of the solution.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first terminal device determines a first parameter. Based on the first parameter and the relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information, the first terminal device determines the first pilot characteristic information. In this manner, the first terminal device can obtain the first parameter itself and then obtain the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter. Alternatively, the first terminal device can receive the first pilot characteristic information from a network device. This improves the flexibility of the solution.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first terminal device receives information from the first network device indicating an association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information. In this manner, the first terminal device can retrieve the first pilot characteristic information based on the association between the received first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information, combined with the first parameter. In other words, the first terminal device can retrieve the first pilot characteristic information by searching for the association based on the actually acquired first parameter, thereby reducing signaling interactions with the network device and lowering power consumption.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first parameter is associated with multiple pilot feature information, for example, the first parameter is also associated with other pilot feature information (such as pilot feature information a). In this way, the first network device can determine which association to use this time based on certain parameters. For example, the first network device determines the association between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to use this time based on the scenario type, user category, or channel status of the applicable location. The first network device can then send the association between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to the first terminal device.

[0020] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling, or the protocol may predefine multiple association relationships, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the association relationships to be used.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot among pilots included in a first pilot set, and the first pilot set is associated with the first parameter. The first terminal device receives pilot indication information from the first network device, where the pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set. The first terminal device determines the first pilot set based on the pilot indication information. In this manner, the first terminal device can determine which pilot from the pilot set to use based on the pilot indication information. This solution can reduce the workload of the first terminal device and lower its power consumption.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information is associated with the first parameter.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first terminal device determines a first parameter, and the first terminal device determines the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information based on an association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter. The first terminal device obtains the pilot indication information from a preset location of a message carrying the pilot indication information based on the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information. The first terminal device determines a first pilot set based on the pilot indication information.

[0024] In this way, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be flexibly changed with the specific value of the first parameter, thereby further improving the flexibility of the solution. For example, when the number of pilots in the first pilot set associated with the first parameter is large, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be larger. For another example, when the number of pilots in the first pilot set associated with the first parameter is small, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be smaller. In this way, under the premise that the pilot indication information can indicate the first pilot set, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of data to be transmitted and reducing latency.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the pilot indication information indicates a portion of the pilots in the first pilot set. For example, the pilot indication information may include a sequence identifier for each pilot in the portion of pilots. In this manner, the first terminal device may determine the first pilot set based on the sequence identifiers of the pilots in the portion of pilots. This approach can reduce the amount of data transmitted, thereby saving signaling overhead and improving data transmission efficiency.

[0026] In one possible implementation, a first terminal device receives information indicating a pilot from a first network device. The first terminal device determines a pilot based on the information indicating the pilot. This eliminates the need for searching for a pilot in the first pilot set, thereby reducing the workload and power consumption of the first terminal device.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information is determined based on channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices, where the multiple terminal devices include the first terminal device.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the first terminal device receives a reference signal from a first network device among the multiple network devices, and the first terminal device determines channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device according to the reference signal.

[0029] In a possible implementation, after the first terminal device determines the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device according to the reference signal, the first terminal device sends the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the first network device.

[0030] In a possible embodiment, the first terminal device receives reporting indication information from the first network device. The reporting indication information indicates that the first terminal device periodically sends the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device. The reporting indication information also includes: the periodic duration of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, the resource information of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, the resource information of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device received by the first network device, the number of bits occupied by the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device when the first terminal device sends it, or at least one of the number of bits occupied by the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device when the first receiving point receives it. In this way, the first network device can report the channel state information according to the reporting indication information.

[0031] In one possible embodiment, the multiple terminal devices also include one or more second terminal devices. The method further includes at least one of the following: the first terminal device receives unicast, multicast, or broadcast channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device from the first network device; or the first terminal device receives unicast or multicast channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device from the second terminal device. In this way, the first terminal device can obtain channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices, and then the first terminal device can determine pilot feature information that matches the multiple channel state information based on the obtained channel state information.

[0032] In one possible implementation, a first terminal device transmits channel state information between the first terminal device and a first network device to a second terminal device. The first terminal device multicasts the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the terminal devices in the first terminal device group. This allows other terminal devices to obtain channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices. The first terminal device can then determine, based on the obtained channel state information, pilot feature information that matches the multiple channel state information.

[0033] In one possible embodiment, when a change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold, the first terminal device performs at least one of the following: the first terminal device sends the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the first network device; the first terminal device sends the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the second terminal device; or the first terminal device multicasts the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the terminals in the first terminal device group. In this way, the first terminal device can send the channel state information with a large change so that other devices can process it based on the latest channel state information.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the channel state information change threshold is preset or indicated by information indicating the channel state information change threshold from the first network device. In one possible implementation, the channel state information change threshold is associated with the first parameter. In one possible implementation, two channel state information change thresholds associated with two different first parameters are different. This increases the flexibility of setting the channel state information change threshold.

[0035] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first network device. The first network device can be a network device, or it can be executed by a component inside the network device (such as a chip, chip system, unit or module, etc.), or it can also be implemented by a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first network device. This application does not limit this.

[0036] The first network device obtains a pilot signal, where the pilot signal is associated with a first parameter. The first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices within a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices within the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a density of terminal devices within the location, size information of the location, a scenario type of the location, a channel type corresponding to the location, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold. The first network device communicates with the first terminal device based on the pilot signal.

[0037] Based on the above scheme, the first terminal device determines the pilot according to the first pilot characteristic information, and the first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter. Since the first parameter includes the number of network devices in the applicable place of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices in the applicable place of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices in the applicable place, the size information of the applicable place, the scene type of the applicable place, the channel type corresponding to the applicable place, the data transmission rate threshold, the data transmission delay threshold, the data transmission bit error rate threshold, or at least one of the data transmission reliability threshold. It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, different scenarios, different business requirements, etc. can correspond to the pilot characteristic information respectively, and then determine a more reasonable pilot. This method can flexibly determine a more reasonable pilot, thereby improving communication performance.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot among the pilots included in the first pilot set. The first pilot set is associated with the first parameter. Compared to a solution in which the pilot is directly associated with the first parameter, this solution can simplify the association. The first terminal device can determine the first pilot set to use based on the first parameter and then communicate using the pilots in the first pilot set.

[0039] For example, the first terminal device may negotiate with other terminal devices to determine the pilot used by the first terminal device, or the first terminal device may determine the pilot used by the first terminal device based on information indicating the pilot from the network device, or the first terminal device may determine the pilot used by the first terminal device based on pilot allocation information associated with the first pilot set. The pilot allocation information indicates how the pilots are allocated between multiple terminal devices, for example, the pilot allocation information may indicate the identifiers of the terminal devices corresponding to the pilots in the first pilot set. The pilot allocation information may be included in the first pilot feature information associated with the first pilot set involved later, or may be set independently of the first pilot feature information.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot in a first pilot set. The first pilot set is associated with first pilot characteristic information. The first pilot characteristic information includes at least one of density, number, or length of the pilots in the first pilot set. The first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter.

[0041] Compared with the solution of directly establishing an association relationship between the pilot and the first parameter, this solution can simplify the association relationship. The first terminal device can determine the pilot characteristic information (such as the first pilot characteristic information) of the pilot to be used based on the first parameter, and then obtain the pilot based on the first pilot characteristic information. For example, the first terminal device can generate a pilot that meets the pilot characteristic information based on the first pilot characteristic information. For example, the first terminal device can interact with other terminal devices so that the pilot characteristic information corresponding to the pilot allocated to the terminal devices in the area meets the requirements of the first pilot characteristic information. For another example, the first terminal device determines the first pilot set based on the association relationship between the first pilot characteristic information and the first pilot set, and then communicates based on the pilots in the first pilot set. In another possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information also includes pilot allocation information, and the pilot allocation information indicates the allocation method of each pilot in the terminal device, such as the pilot allocation information indicates the identifier of the terminal device to which the pilots in the first pilot set are allocated.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information is one candidate pilot characteristic information among multiple candidate pilot characteristic information. The candidate pilot characteristic information includes first candidate pilot characteristic information and second candidate pilot characteristic information; the first candidate pilot characteristic information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length; and the second candidate pilot characteristic information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length. At least one of the pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length differs between the first candidate pilot characteristic information and the second candidate pilot characteristic information.

[0043] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, multiple candidate pilot feature information can be preset, and two different candidate pilot feature information can be associated with different first parameters. In this way, the first terminal device can select the candidate pilot feature information that matches the first parameter according to the specific value of the first parameter, thereby improving the applicability of the solution.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the plurality of candidate pilot feature information is predefined; or the first network device sends information indicating the plurality of candidate pilot feature information to the first terminal device, which can improve the flexibility of the solution.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the first network device determines a first parameter, and the first network device determines the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter and the association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information. In this manner, the first terminal device can obtain the first parameter itself and then obtain the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter. Alternatively, the first terminal device can receive the first pilot characteristic information from the network device. This improves the flexibility of the solution.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first network device sends information indicating an association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information to the first terminal device. In this way, the first terminal device can retrieve the first pilot characteristic information based on the association between the received first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information, combined with the first parameter. In other words, the first terminal device can retrieve the first pilot characteristic information by searching for the association based on the actually acquired first parameter, thereby reducing signaling interaction with the network device and lowering power consumption.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the first parameter is associated with multiple pilot feature information, for example, the first parameter is also associated with other pilot feature information (such as pilot feature information a). In this way, the first network device can determine which association to use this time based on certain parameters. For example, the first network device determines the association between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to use this time based on the scenario type, user category, or channel status of the applicable location. The first network device can then send the association between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to the first terminal device.

[0048] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling, or the protocol may predefine multiple association relationships, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the association relationships to be used.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot among pilots included in a first pilot set, and the first pilot set is associated with the first parameter. The first network device sends pilot indication information to the first terminal device, where the pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set. In this way, the first terminal device can determine which pilot from the pilot set to use based on the pilot indication information. This solution can reduce the workload of the first terminal device and lower the power consumption of the first terminal device.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information is associated with a first parameter. The first network device determines the first parameter, determines the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information based on the association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter, and sends the pilot indication information based on the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information.

[0051] In this way, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be flexibly changed with the specific value of the first parameter, thereby further improving the flexibility of the solution. For example, when the number of pilots in the first pilot set associated with the first parameter is large, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be larger. For another example, when the number of pilots in the first pilot set associated with the first parameter is small, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be smaller. In this way, under the premise that the pilot indication information can indicate the first pilot set, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of data to be transmitted and reducing latency.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the pilot indication information indicates a portion of the pilots in the first pilot set. The pilot indication information includes a sequence identifier for each pilot in the portion of pilots. In this manner, the first terminal device can determine the first pilot set based on the sequence identifiers of the pilots in the portion of pilots. This approach can reduce the amount of data transmitted, thereby saving signaling overhead and improving data transmission efficiency.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first network device sends information indicating the pilot to the first terminal device. This allows the first terminal device to skip the step of searching for the pilot from the first pilot set, thereby reducing the workload and power consumption of the first terminal device.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information is determined based on channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices, the multiple terminal devices including the first terminal device. In one possible implementation, the first network device transmits a reference signal, the reference signal being used to determine the channel state information between the first network device and a terminal device among the multiple terminal devices.

[0055] In one possible embodiment, the first network device receives channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device from the first terminal device. In one possible embodiment, the first network device sends reporting indication information to the first terminal device. The reporting indication information indicates that the first terminal device periodically sends the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device. The reporting indication information also includes: the periodic duration of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, the resource information of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, the resource information of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device received by the first network device, the number of bits occupied by the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, or at least one of the number of bits occupied by the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device received by the first receiving point. In this way, the first network device can report the channel state information according to the reporting indication information.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the first network device unicasts, multicasts, or broadcasts channel state information between the first network device and the first terminal device, and / or the first network device unicasts, multicasts, or broadcasts channel state information between the first network device and the second terminal device. In this way, the first terminal device can obtain channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices, and then the first terminal device can determine pilot feature information that matches the multiple channel state information based on the obtained channel state information.

[0057] In one possible implementation, a first network device receives updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device from a first terminal device. The updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is sent by the first terminal device when a change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device exceeds a preset channel state information change threshold. In this manner, the first terminal device can transmit the channel state information with the larger change so that other devices can process it based on the latest channel state information.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the channel state information change threshold is preset or indicated by information indicating the channel state information change threshold from the first network device. In one possible implementation, the channel state information change threshold is associated with the first parameter. In one possible implementation, two channel state information change thresholds associated with two different first parameters are different. This increases the flexibility of setting the channel state information change threshold.

[0059] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a communication method. This method can be executed by a terminal device, a network device, or other devices. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The following description uses the method executed by a first device as an example. The first device can be a terminal device, a network device, or other device. The method includes:

[0060] A first device obtains channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices. Based on the channel state information, the first device determines second pilot characteristic information associated with a first parameter. The second pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots and pilot allocation information. The pilot allocation information indicates how the pilots of the pilot number are allocated among the multiple terminal devices. The first parameter includes the number of network devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices within the applicable location, the size information of the applicable location, the scenario type of the applicable location, the channel type corresponding to the applicable location, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold. The first device determines a first number of terminal devices that meet a preset rate requirement value based on the second pilot characteristic information. If the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, the first device updates the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter to obtain the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

[0061] It can be seen that since the pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter will be re-updated when the first number is less than the preset user number threshold, the purpose of optimizing the pilot allocation scheme can be achieved so that the number of terminal devices that meet the rate requirement value is not less than the preset user number threshold.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that there are at least two terminals, and at least two terminals reuse one pilot, thereby achieving an effect of saving the number of pilots.

[0063] In one possible implementation, when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, the first device increases the number of pilots indicated by the second pilot characteristic information to obtain the first pilot characteristic information. In this way, the pilot allocation scheme can be optimized by increasing the number of pilots so that the number of terminal devices that meet the rate threshold meets the requirement.

[0064] In one possible embodiment, when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, for the first terminal device that does not meet the rate requirement value, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device reuse the same pilot. The first device sets a first requirement, and the first requirement indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device cannot reuse the same pilot. The first device performs one or more iterations according to the first requirement until a preset iteration stop condition is met, and obtains the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter. Since the terminal devices that can share the same pilot in the original scheme are set to not be able to share the same pilot, the purpose of optimizing the pilot allocation scheme can be achieved by increasing the number of pilots to reduce interference, and then the number of terminal devices that meet the rate threshold can be made to meet the requirements.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device multiplexes the first pilot with multiple third terminal devices. The second terminal device is the third terminal device physically closest to the first terminal device among the multiple third terminal devices. This can reduce interference with the first terminal device, thereby ensuring that the rate of the first terminal device meets the rate requirement.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the preset iteration stopping condition includes at least one of the following: the number of terminal devices meeting the preset rate requirement is not less than a preset user number threshold; the difference between the current number of pilots and the initial number of pilots is greater than a preset value; or the number of iterations exceeds a preset number of iterations. Thus, iteration can be stopped when the number of terminal devices meeting the preset rate requirement is not less than the preset user number threshold. Alternatively, iteration can be stopped when the difference between the current number of pilots and the initial number of pilots is greater than a preset value to prevent an excessive number of pilots. Alternatively, iteration can be stopped when the number of iterations exceeds a preset number of iterations to prevent an excessive number of iterations.

[0067] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned first terminal device, second terminal device, or first device. The communication device may include a communication unit and a processing unit to perform any of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. The communication unit is used to perform functions related to sending and receiving. Optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. In one design, the communication device is a communication chip, the processing unit may be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit may be an input / output circuit or port of the communication chip.

[0068] In another design, the communication unit may be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit may be a transmitter and a receiver.

[0069] Optionally, the communication device further includes modules that can be used to execute any one of the first to third aspects above, or execute any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0070] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned first terminal device, second terminal device, or first device. The communication device may include a processor and a memory to perform any of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. Optionally, it also includes a transceiver, the memory is used to store a computer program or instruction, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program or instruction from the memory. When the processor executes the computer program or instruction in the memory, the communication device performs any of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0071] Optionally, there are one or more processors and one or more memories.

[0072] Optionally, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.

[0073] Optionally, the transceiver may include a transmitter (transmitter) and a receiver (receiver).

[0074] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be the aforementioned first terminal device, second terminal device, or first device. The communication device may include a processor to perform any of the aforementioned aspects 1 to 3, or any possible implementation of the aspects 1 to 3. The processor is coupled to a memory. Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device also includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0075] In one implementation, when the communication device is the first terminal device, the second terminal device, or the first device, the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0076] In another implementation, when the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or related circuits on the chip or chip system. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0077] In a seventh aspect, a system is provided, which includes one or more of the above-mentioned network devices.

[0078] In a possible implementation, the system may further include one or more terminal devices, such as the first terminal device and / or the second terminal device mentioned above.

[0079] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), which, when executed, enables a computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0080] In the ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions). When the computer program is run on a computer, the computer executes any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or executes any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0081] In the tenth aspect, a chip system is provided, which may include a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to perform any of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. Optionally, the chip system also includes a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions). The processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the device equipped with the chip system performs any of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0082] In an eleventh aspect, a processing device is provided, comprising: an interface circuit and a processing circuit. The interface circuit may include an input circuit and an output circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals via the input circuit and transmit signals via the output circuit, thereby implementing any of the first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0083] In a specific implementation, the processing device may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a trigger, or various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, received and input by a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. The input circuit and the output circuit may be the same circuit, which functions as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0084] In one implementation, when the communication device is a first terminal device, a second terminal device, or the first device, the interface circuit may be a radio frequency processing chip in the first terminal device, the second terminal device, or the first device, and the processing circuit may be a baseband processing chip in the first terminal device, the second terminal device, or the first device.

[0085] In another implementation, the communication device may be a first terminal device, a second terminal device, or a component of the first device, such as an integrated circuit product such as a system-on-chip (SoC) or a communication chip. The interface circuit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. The processing circuit may be a logic circuit on the chip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] FIG1A is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG1B is a schematic diagram of another communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG1C is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG1D is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG1E is a schematic diagram of a communication scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of average access probabilities of the solution provided in an embodiment of the present application, the orthogonal pilot solution, and the Dsatur solution;

[0094] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of the number of pilots corresponding to the solution provided in an embodiment of the present application, the orthogonal pilot solution, and the Dsatur solution;

[0095] FIG5A is a schematic diagram of an undirected graph provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] FIG5B is a schematic diagram of a pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the undirected graph shown in FIG5A ;

[0097] FIG5C is a possible schematic diagram after FIG5B is iterated;

[0098] FIG5D is a schematic diagram of a pilot allocation scheme determined based on the undirected graph shown in FIG5C ;

[0099] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG7 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG9 is a schematic block diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0103] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0104] The technical solution provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), 5G mobile communication system, new radio (NR) system or other evolved communication systems, as well as the next generation mobile communication system of the 5G communication system, the sixth generation (6G) communication system, or future communication systems, etc.

[0105] The technical solution provided in this application can also be applied to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) communication, ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), machine type communication (MTC), long term evolution-machine (LTE-M), device to device (D2D) network, machine to machine (M2M) network, Internet of Things (IoT) network, narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) or other networks. Among them, the IoT network can include, for example, the Internet of Vehicles. Among them, the communication mode in the Internet of Vehicles system is collectively referred to as vehicle to other devices (vehicle to X, V2X, X can represent anything), for example, the V2X can include: vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle to pedestrian (V2P) communication or vehicle to network (V2N) communication, etc.

[0106] The technical solution provided in this application can also be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems such as satellite communication systems, wherein the NTN communication system can be integrated with the wireless communication system.

[0107] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to intersatellite communication systems, wireless projection systems, customer premise equipment (CPE), virtual reality (VR) communication systems, integrated access backhaul (IAB) systems, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication systems, or optical communication systems.

[0108] The technical solution provided in this application can also be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication systems, MTC systems, massive machine type communications (mMTC) and Internet of Things (IoT) communication systems, integrated communication perception systems or other communication systems.

[0109] eMBB refers to high-traffic mobile broadband services such as three-dimensional (3D) and ultra-high-definition video. Specifically, eMBB can further improve network speed and user experience based on mobile broadband services. For example, when users watch 4K HD video, the peak network speed can reach 10Gbps.

[0110] URLLC refers to services with high reliability, low latency, and extremely high availability. Specifically, URLLC can include the following communication scenarios and applications: industrial applications and control, traffic safety and control, remote manufacturing, remote training, remote surgery, autonomous driving, industrial automation, and security.

[0111] MTC can refer to low-cost, coverage-enhanced services, or M2M. mMTC refers to large-scale IoT services.

[0112] NB-IoT offers services with wide coverage, multiple connections, low speed, low cost, low power consumption, and superior architecture. Specifically, NB-IoT can include smart water meters, smart parking, smart pet tracking, smart bicycles, smart smoke detectors, smart toilets, smart vending machines, and more.

[0113] V2X enables communication between vehicles, vehicles and network devices, and network devices and network devices, thereby obtaining a series of traffic information such as real-time road conditions, road information, pedestrian information, etc., while providing in-vehicle entertainment information, improving driving safety, reducing congestion, and improving traffic efficiency.

[0114] CPE refers to a mobile signal access device that receives mobile signals and forwards them as wireless fidelity (WiFi) signals. It can also refer to a device that converts high-speed 4G or 5G signals into WiFi signals, allowing for simultaneous access to a large number of mobile devices. CPE is widely used for wireless network access in rural areas, towns, hospitals, workplaces, factories, and residential areas, saving the cost of laying wired networks.

[0115] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application do not impose any specific limitations on the communication system to which they are applied and the network architecture of the communication system.

[0116] In the embodiments of the present application, network devices and terminal devices, network devices and network devices, and terminal devices and terminal devices can communicate through authorized spectrum, through unauthorized spectrum, or through both authorized spectrum and unauthorized spectrum. The technical solution of the present application is applicable to low-frequency scenarios such as sub 6G (referring to the frequency band below 6GHz, specifically referring to 6 gigahertz (GHz) with an operating frequency of 450 megahertz (MHz) to 6000MHz (referred to as 6G)), and is also applicable to high-frequency scenarios (for example, above 6GHz, such as 28GHz, 70GHz, etc.), terahertz (THz), optical communication, etc. For example, network devices and terminals can communicate through spectrum below 6GHz, through spectrum above 6GHz, or through spectrum below 6GHz and spectrum above 6GHz at the same time. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for communication.

[0117] In this application, the functions of the network device can also be performed by a module (such as a chip) in the network device, or by a control subsystem that includes the network device function. The control subsystem that includes the network device function here can be the control center in the application scenarios of the above-mentioned terminals such as smart grid, industrial control, smart transportation, smart city, etc. The functions of the terminal can also be performed by a module (such as a chip or modem) in the terminal, or by a device that includes the terminal function.

[0118] The technical solution provided in this application can also be applied to various types of communication links, such as user to network interface universal (Uu) links, satellite links, sidelink (SL) links, relay links, etc. This application does not limit this.

[0119] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E exemplarily illustrate possible architectural diagrams of several communication systems to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable.

[0120] As shown in FIG1A , the communication system includes at least two communication devices, for example, a network device 101 and at least one terminal device 102. Data communication between the network device 101 and the at least one terminal device 102 can be performed via a wireless connection. Specifically, the network device 101 can send downlink data to the terminal device 102; and the terminal device 102 can also send uplink data to the network device 101.

[0121] As shown in Figure 1B, the communication system includes a satellite 103, a terminal device 104, and may also include a base station 105. Satellite 103 can provide communication services for terminal device 104. Satellite 103 can transmit downlink data to terminal device 104. The downlink data can be encoded using channel coding, and the channel-coded data is modulated and transmitted to terminal device 104. Terminal device 104 can transmit uplink data to satellite 103. The uplink data can also be encoded using channel coding, and the encoded data is modulated and transmitted to satellite 103. Satellite 103 can also communicate with base station 105. Satellite 104 can function as both a base station and a terminal device. Satellite 103 can include drones, hot air balloons, low-orbit satellites, medium-orbit satellites, high-orbit satellites, etc. Satellite 103 can also include non-ground base stations or non-ground devices.

[0122] As shown in Figure 1C , the communication system can be an intersatellite link communication system. As shown in Figure 1C , the communication system includes satellites 106 and 107, which can transmit information and data between satellites 106 and 107. Satellites (such as satellites 106 and 107) can include an APT module and a communication module. The APT module of the satellite can be responsible for acquisition, alignment, and tracking between satellites. The communication module of the satellite can be responsible for transmitting intersatellite information and is the main component of the intersatellite communication system.

[0123] As shown in FIG1D , the communication system may include a wireless screen projection system, which may include a wireless screen projection device 108 (such as a television as shown in FIG1D ) and a terminal device 109. The terminal device 109 may transmit data with the wireless screen projection device.

[0124] As shown in FIG1E , the communication system may be a backhaul link communication system, which may include an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) parent node 110, an IAB node 111, and a terminal device 112. The link between the IAB parent node 110 and the IAB node 111 is a backhaul link, and the link between the terminal device 112 and the node 111 is an access link.

[0125] It should be understood that FIG. 1A , FIG. 1B , FIG. 1C , FIG. 1D and FIG. 1E are simplified schematic diagrams shown only for ease of understanding, and the communication system may further include other devices that are not shown in the figures.

[0126] The following introduces the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E.

[0127] (1)Terminal equipment.

[0128] The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application (for example, the terminal device shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1D and 1E) is a device with wireless transceiver functions, and may also be referred to as: user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device, etc.

[0129] The terminal device may be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, for example, a handheld device or a vehicle-mounted device with a wireless connection function. At present, some examples of terminals are: mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, VR devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, sensor terminals, perception terminals, communication and perception integrated devices, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, terminals in 5G networks or future evolved public land mobile communication networks (PLMNs). The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology, device form and name adopted by the terminal.

[0130] By way of example and not limitation, in this application, a terminal device may be a terminal device in an Internet of Things (IoT) system. The IoT is an important component of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is connecting objects to the Internet through communication technologies, thereby realizing an intelligent network that interconnects humans and machines, and things and things. For example, the terminal device in the embodiments of this application may be a wearable device. Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for wearable devices that apply wearable technology to intelligently design and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices that can be worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not just hardware devices; they can also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are fully functional, large in size, and can achieve full or partial functions independently of smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific application function and require cooperation with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0131] (2) Network equipment.

[0132] The network device in the present application can be a device for communicating with a terminal device (for example, the network device shown in Figures 1A to 1E), or it can be a device for accessing a terminal device to a wireless network. The network device can be a node in a wireless access network. The network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a home base station (for example, a home evolved NodeB, or a home Node B, HNB), a Wi-Fi network device (access point, AP), a mobile switching center, a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation base station in a 6G mobile communication system, or a base station in a future mobile communication system. The network device can also be a module or unit that performs part of the functions of a base station, for example, a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a remote radio unit (RRU) or a baseband unit (BBU). The network device may also be a device that performs base station functions in a D2D communication system, a V2X communication system, an M2M communication system, or an IoT communication system. The network device may also be a network device in an NTN, that is, a network device may be deployed on a high-altitude platform or a satellite. The network device may be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, a donor node, etc. Of course, the network device may also be a node in the core network. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology, device form, or name of the network device.

[0133] In the embodiments of the present application, the functions of the network device may also be performed by a module (such as a chip) in the network device, or by a control subsystem that includes the network device function. The control subsystem that includes the network device function here can be a control center in the application scenarios of the above-mentioned terminals such as smart grid, industrial control, intelligent transportation, smart city, and communication perception integration system. The functions of the terminal may also be performed by a module (such as a chip or modem) in the terminal, or by a device that includes the terminal function.

[0134] The roles of network devices and terminals can be relative. For example, network device #1 can be configured as a mobile base station. To terminals accessing the network through network device #1, network device #1 is a base station. However, to network device #2, which communicates with network device #1 via a wireless air interface protocol, network device #1 is a terminal. Of course, network devices #1 and #2 can also communicate using a base station-to-base station interface protocol. In this case, network device #1 is also a base station relative to network device #2.

[0135] In the embodiments of the present application, network devices and terminal devices may be collectively referred to as communication devices or communication apparatuses. For example, a base station may be referred to as a communication device having base station functions, and a terminal may be referred to as a communication device having terminal functions. The network devices and terminal devices in this application may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; they may also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); they may also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons, and satellites, etc.). This application does not limit the application scenarios of network devices and terminal devices.

[0136] URLLC is one of the three typical services of 5G. Its main application scenarios include autonomous driving, industrial manufacturing, Internet of Vehicles, and smart grids. These application scenarios have more stringent requirements in terms of reliability and latency.

[0137] For example, in an industrial manufacturing scenario, manufacturing equipment in a smart factory accesses the enterprise cloud or field control system via 5G, collects on-site environmental data and production data, and analyzes production status in real time. This enables unmanned and wireless operation of the entire production line. Smart industrial manufacturing places high demands on technical performance, and high-end manufacturing places very high demands on the latency and stability of workshop equipment. Specifically, the smart factory industry has very specific performance requirements. For example, in a service area with no more than 50 users, the communication system availability (CSA) for a 40-byte data packet with an end-to-end latency of 1ms must be between 99.9999% and 99.999999%. CSA is defined as: if the packet received by the receiver is damaged or not delivered in time (exceeding the maximum allowable end-to-end latency), the service is considered unavailable.

[0138] In order to meet the requirements of various scenarios for latency and reliability, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. In this application, the pilot signal used by the terminal device is associated with a first parameter. Since the first parameter includes the number of network devices in the applicable location of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices in the applicable location of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices in the applicable location, the size information of the applicable location, the scenario type of the applicable location, the channel type corresponding to the applicable location, the data transmission rate threshold, the data transmission delay threshold, the data transmission bit error rate threshold, or at least one of the data transmission reliability threshold, it can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the pilot signal is set according to different scenarios, different business requirements, etc., thereby improving the rationality of the pilot signal setting and thus improving communication performance.

[0139] Before introducing the method provided by this application, the following points are explained.

[0140] First, in this application, "indication" can include direct indication and indirect indication, and can also include explicit indication and implicit indication. The information indicated by a certain information is called information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there can be many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as indicating the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can also be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each information agreed in advance (such as specified in the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent.

[0141] Second, in the embodiments described herein, various terms and abbreviations, such as "pilot" and "number of pilots," are provided for ease of description and are not intended to limit this application. This application does not exclude the possibility of defining other terms in existing or future protocols that can achieve the same or similar functions.

[0142] Third, the first, second, and various numerical numbers in the embodiments shown below are merely distinctions for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application, for example, to distinguish different information, parameters, etc.

[0143] Fourth, in the embodiments shown below, "predefinition" can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in devices (for example, including terminal devices and network devices). This application does not limit its specific implementation method.

[0144] Fifth, the "protocol" involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0145] Based on the embodiments shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1E and the other contents described above, Figure 2 exemplarily shows a possible flow chart of a communication method applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application is applicable to communication between a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device may be a terminal device or a network device. The second communication device may be a terminal device or a network device. The present application is applicable to communication between terminal devices and terminal devices, as well as between terminal devices and network devices, and also between network devices and network devices, and the present application does not limit this. As follows, in Figure 2, the method is illustrated by taking the first terminal device and the first network device as the execution subjects of the interaction diagram as an example, but the present application does not limit the execution subjects of the interaction diagram. For example, the first terminal device in Figure 2 may be a terminal device, a unit, a module or a chip system inside the terminal device. The first network device may be a network device, a unit, a module or a chip inside the network device.

[0146] The first terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the terminal device 102 in Figure 1A, or a unit, module, or chip inside the terminal device 102. The first network device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the network device 101 in Figure 1A, or a unit, module, or chip inside the network device 101.

[0147] The first terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be the terminal device 104 in FIG. 1B , or a unit, module, or chip within the terminal device 104. The first network device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be the satellite 103 in FIG. 1B , or a unit, module, or chip within the satellite 103. The first terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be the satellite 103 in FIG. 1B , or a unit, module, or chip within the satellite 103. The first network device involved in the embodiments of the present application may be the base station 105 in FIG. 1B , or a unit, module, or chip within the base station 105.

[0148] The first terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the satellite 106 in FIG1C , or a unit, module, or chip inside the satellite 106. The first network device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the satellite 107 in FIG1C , or a unit, module, or chip inside the satellite 107.

[0149] The first terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the terminal device 109 in FIG. 1D , or a unit, module, or chip inside the terminal device 109. The first network device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the wireless screen projection device 108 in FIG. 1D , or a unit, module, or chip inside the wireless screen projection device 108.

[0150] The first terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the satellite 106 in FIG1E , or a unit, module, or chip inside the satellite 106. The first network device involved in the embodiment of the present application may be the satellite 107 in FIG1E , or a unit, module, or chip inside the satellite 107.

[0151] As shown in FIG2 , the method includes:

[0152] Step 201: A first terminal device obtains a pilot signal.

[0153] It should be understood that the pilot signal is also called a reference signal or a training sequence, which is a known signal for both the transmitting device (the second communication device) and the receiving device (the first communication device).

[0154] In an embodiment of the present application, the pilot signal is associated with a first parameter. The first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices within the applicable location, the size information of the applicable location, the scenario type of the applicable location, the channel type corresponding to the applicable location, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold.

[0155] In the embodiment of the present application, the applicable place of the first terminal device refers to a place where the first terminal device is located, or is called an area. The size information of the applicable place may include the area of ​​the applicable place. The scene types in the embodiment of the present application may include indoor scenes, outdoor scenes, dense urban scenes, sparse urban scenes, suburban scenes, factory scenes, etc. The channel types in the embodiment of the present application may include the following, such as the tapped delay line model (TDL), which may include three channel models TDL-A, TDL-B, and TDL-C for non-line of sight (NLOS), and two channel models TDL-D and TDL-E for line of sight (LOS). Clustered Delay Line Model (CDL), including three channel models CDL-A, CDL-B, and CDL-C for NLOS, and two channel models CDL-D and CDL-E for LOS. Optionally, the association relationship between the pilot and the first parameter may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling, or the protocol may predefine multiple association relationships, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the association relationships to be used.

[0156] In one possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot among pilots included in a first pilot set. The first pilot set may include one or more pilots. The first pilot set is associated with a first parameter. Compared to a solution in which the pilot is directly associated with the first parameter, this solution simplifies the association. The first terminal device can determine the first pilot set to use based on the first parameter and then communicate using the pilots in the first pilot set.

[0157] For example, the first terminal device may negotiate with other terminal devices to determine the pilot used by the first terminal device, or the first terminal device may determine the pilot used by the first terminal device based on information indicating the pilot from a network device, or the first terminal device may determine the pilot used by the first terminal device based on pilot allocation information associated with the first pilot set, where the pilot allocation information indicates the identifier of the terminal device corresponding to the pilot in the first pilot set. The pilot allocation information may be included in the first pilot feature information associated with the first pilot set that is subsequently involved, or may be set independently of the first pilot feature information.

[0158] Optionally, the association relationship between the first pilot set and the first parameter may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling, or the protocol may predefine multiple association relationships, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the association relationships to be used.

[0159] In the above step 201, there are multiple implementations for the first terminal device to obtain the pilot, such as the following possible implementations A1 and A2.

[0160] Embodiment A1: The first network device may send information indicating the pilot to the first terminal device.

[0161] In implementation A1, the first terminal device may receive information indicating a pilot from the first network device and then determine a pilot based on the information indicating the pilot. This eliminates the need for the first terminal device to search for a pilot in the first pilot set, thereby reducing the workload and power consumption of the first terminal device.

[0162] Embodiment A2: The first terminal device may determine a first pilot set, and then determine the pilot from the first pilot set.

[0163] In embodiment A2, the first pilot set may include one or more pilots. The first terminal device may interact with other terminal devices and then allocate pilots in the first pilot set to each terminal device.

[0164] In the above-described embodiment A2, the first terminal device can determine the first pilot set in various ways. For example, in the following possible embodiment A2-b1, the first terminal device obtains first pilot characteristic information, which is associated with the first pilot set. The first terminal device then determines the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. For another example, in the following possible embodiment A2-b2, the first network device sends information indicating the first pilot set to the first terminal device. Each of these methods is described below.

[0165] In implementation A2-b1, the first terminal device may obtain first pilot characteristic information, and then determine a first pilot set according to the first pilot characteristic information.

[0166] The first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter. The first pilot characteristic information includes at least one of the density, number, or length of the pilots in the first pilot set. Compared to a solution in which the pilot is directly associated with the first parameter, this solution can simplify the association. The first terminal device can determine the pilot characteristic information (e.g., the first pilot characteristic information) of the pilot to be used based on the first parameter, and then obtain the pilot based on the first pilot characteristic information. For example, the first terminal device can generate a pilot that meets the pilot characteristic information based on the first pilot characteristic information. For example, the first terminal device can interact with other terminal devices so that the pilot characteristic information corresponding to the pilot allocated to the terminal devices in the area meets the requirements of the first pilot characteristic information. For another example, the first terminal device determines the first pilot set based on the association between the first pilot characteristic information and the first pilot set, and then communicates based on the pilots in the first pilot set. In another possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information also includes pilot allocation information, and the pilot allocation information indicates the allocation method of each pilot to the terminal device, such as the pilot allocation information indicating the identity of the terminal device to which the pilots in the first pilot set are allocated.

[0167] The first terminal device may generate the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. Alternatively, the first terminal device may preconfigure an association between the first pilot set and the first pilot characteristic information. After obtaining the first pilot characteristic information, the first terminal device may determine the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. Alternatively, the first terminal device may obtain the association between the first pilot set and the first pilot characteristic information from another device. After obtaining the first pilot characteristic information, the first terminal device may determine the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information.

[0168] In one possible implementation, the first pilot characteristic information is one candidate pilot characteristic information among multiple candidate pilot characteristic information. The candidate pilot characteristic information includes first candidate pilot characteristic information and second candidate pilot characteristic information; the first candidate pilot characteristic information includes at least one of the density of pilots, the number of pilots, or the length of pilots. The second candidate pilot characteristic information includes at least one of the density of pilots, the number of pilots, or the length of pilots. The first candidate pilot characteristic information and the second candidate pilot characteristic information are different in at least one of the density of pilots, the number of pilots, or the length of pilots. It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, multiple candidate pilot characteristic information can be preset, and different two candidate pilot characteristic information can be associated with different first parameters. In this way, the first terminal device can select the candidate pilot characteristic information that matches the first parameter according to the specific value of the first parameter, thereby improving the applicability of the solution.

[0169] In the embodiments of the present application, the multiple candidate pilot feature information may be determined by the first terminal device, predefined by a protocol, or determined by the first network device. In one possible implementation, the first network device may send information indicating the multiple candidate pilot feature information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives information indicating the multiple candidate pilot feature information from the first network device. This improves the flexibility of the solution.

[0170] In implementation A2-b1, there are multiple implementations for the first terminal device to determine the first pilot characteristic information. The following exemplifies several possible implementations through implementation A2-b1-1 and implementation A2-b1-2.

[0171] In implementation A2-b1-1, the first network device sends first pilot characteristic information to the first terminal apparatus.

[0172] In implementation A2-b1-1, in one possible implementation, the first network device determines a first parameter, and the first network device determines the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter and the association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information. The first network device then sends the first pilot characteristic information to the first terminal device.

[0173] The association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information is predefined by a protocol or configured by the first network device.

[0174] In implementation A2-b1-2, the first terminal device determines first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter.

[0175] In implementation A2-b1-2, the first terminal device determines the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter and the association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information.

[0176] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling, or the protocol may predefine multiple association relationships, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the association relationships to be used.

[0177] For example, the first network device sends information indicating the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives information indicating the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information from the first network device. In this way, the first terminal device can find out the first pilot characteristic information based on the association relationship between the received first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information and in combination with the first parameter. In other words, the first terminal device can find out the first pilot characteristic information by looking for the association relationship based on the first parameter actually obtained, thereby reducing the signaling interaction process with the network device and reducing power consumption.

[0178] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information is a plurality of association relationships predefined by the protocol, and the first network device informs the first terminal device of at least one of the plurality of association relationships through signaling.

[0179] Table 1 below illustrates an example of an association between a first parameter and first pilot characteristic information. As shown in Table 1, the first parameter includes the number of terminal devices within a location where the first terminal device is applicable. The first pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots in the first pilot set. The association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may include at least one row in Table 1.

[0180] Table 1 Example of the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0181]

[0182] Figure 4A illustrates an example of the average access probability for the scheme provided in an embodiment of the present application, the orthogonal pilot scheme, and the Dsatur scheme. In the embodiment of the present application, Dsatur is the abbreviation for degree of saturation, and dsatur is a graph coloring algorithm. Figure 4B illustrates an example of the number of pilots corresponding to the scheme provided in an embodiment of the present application, the orthogonal pilot scheme, and the Dsatur scheme.

[0183] As can be seen from Figure 4A, under the same number of devices, the average access probability of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is greater than the average access probability corresponding to the orthogonal pilot solution, and the average access probability of the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is greater than the rated access probability corresponding to the Dsatur solution. As can be seen from Figure 4B, under the same number of devices, the average number of pilots provided by the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is less than the average number of pilots corresponding to the orthogonal pilot solution.

[0184] Under the same first parameter conditions in the embodiments of the present application, the average access probability of the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application is greater than the average access probability corresponding to the orthogonal pilot scheme, and the average access probability of the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application is greater than the rated access probability corresponding to the Dsatur scheme. As can be seen from Figure 4B, under the same first parameter, the average number of pilots in the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application is less than the average number of pilots corresponding to the orthogonal pilot scheme. When the first parameter is other content, the simulation performance is similar to that of Figures 4A and 4B and will not be repeated here.

[0185] Tables 2 and 3 below illustrate an example of an association between a first parameter and first pilot characteristic information. As shown in Table 2, the first parameter includes the density of terminal devices in the applicable location of the first terminal device. As shown in Table 3, the first parameter includes size information of the applicable location of the first terminal device (e.g., the area of ​​the applicable location of the first terminal device). The first pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots in the first pilot set.

[0186] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be at least one row in Table 2.

[0187] Table 2 Example of the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0188]

[0189] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be at least one row in Table 3.

[0190] Table 3 Example of the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0191]

[0192] Tables 4 and 5 below illustrate an example of an association between a first parameter and first pilot characteristic information. As shown in Table 4, the first parameter includes a data transmission bit error rate threshold. As shown in Table 5, the first parameter includes a data transmission reliability threshold. The first pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots in the first pilot set.

[0193] The symbol error rate (SER) is a measure of the accuracy of data transmission within a specified timeframe. SER = bit errors in transmission / total number of bits transmitted * 100%. If there are bit errors, there is a bit error rate. Alternatively, the bit error rate can be defined as a measure of the frequency of bit errors.

[0194] Alternatively, the bit error rate may also refer to a block error rate, which is the ratio of the number of incorrectly received blocks to the total number of sent blocks.

[0195] Optionally, the bit error rate may also refer to bit error rate, bit error rate, bit error probability, etc.

[0196] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be at least one row in Table 4.

[0197] Table 4 Example of the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0198]

[0199] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be at least one row in Table 5.

[0200] Table 5 Example of the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0201]

[0202] Table 6 below illustrates an example of an association between a first parameter and first pilot characteristic information. As shown in Table 6, the first parameter includes a data transmission rate threshold. The first pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots in the first pilot set. The association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may include at least one row in Table 6.

[0203] Table 6 Example of the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0204]

[0205] In one possible implementation, the first parameter has an association relationship with multiple pilot feature information, for example, the first parameter also has an association relationship with other pilot feature information (such as pilot feature information a). In this way, the first network device can determine which association relationship to use this time based on some parameters. For example, the first network device determines the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to use this time based on the scenario type, user category, or channel status of the applicable location. The first network device can then send the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to the first terminal device. For example, an association relationship can correspond to one or more scenario types, and the scenario types can include, for example, small factories or medium-sized factories. For another example, an association relationship can correspond to one or more user categories, and the user categories can include, for example, industrial equipment or commercial equipment. For another example, an association relationship can correspond to one or more channel states. The user category can refer to the terminal type.

[0206] Optionally, when determining the terminal type corresponding to the terminal device, the terminal type corresponding to the terminal device can be determined based on one or more of the following factors: service type, mobility, transmission delay requirements, channel environment, reliability requirements, coverage requirements, and communication scenarios.

[0207] The service type can be determined based on the size of the service data. For example, service types may include large packet data, medium packet data, and small packet data. Mobility may include mobile and fixed; mobile may also include irregular movement, movement along a fixed route, and ultra-short distance movement. Transmission latency requirements may include high transmission latency, low transmission latency, and average transmission latency. Channel environments may include variable channel environments, stable channel environments, and relatively stable channel environments. Reliability requirements may include high reliability, low reliability, and average reliability. Coverage requirements may include wide coverage, strong coverage, weak coverage, average coverage, and deep coverage. Communication scenarios may include those described above for the communication system, or may include uplink communication, downlink communication, uplink and downlink communication, sidelink communication, backhaul communication, access communication, relay communication, satellite communication, terahertz communication, optical communication, and green communication, without limitation.

[0208] For example, consider the following terminal types: eMBB devices, URLLC devices, NB-IoT devices, and CPE devices. eMBB devices primarily transmit large but also small packets, are generally mobile, have moderate latency and reliability requirements, perform both uplink and downlink communications, operate in complex and variable channel environments, and can communicate both indoors and outdoors. For example, eMBB devices can be mobile phones. URLLC devices generally transmit small but also medium- to large-packet data. They have high latency and reliability requirements, requiring low latency and high reliability. They perform both uplink and downlink communications and operate in a stable channel environment. For example, URLLC devices can be factory equipment. NB-IoT devices primarily transmit small data, are generally immobile, have a known location, have moderate latency and reliability requirements, perform more uplink communications, and operate in a relatively stable channel environment. For example, NB-IoT devices can be smart water meters or sensors. CPE devices are primarily used to transmit large data packets and are generally immobile or capable of ultra-short-distance movement. They have moderate transmission latency and reliability requirements, perform both uplink and downlink communications, and operate in relatively stable channel environments. For example, CPE devices can be terminals in smart homes, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR). When determining the terminal type of a terminal device, the terminal device can be classified as an eMBB device, URLLC device, NB-IoT device, or CPE device based on its service type, mobility, transmission latency requirements, reliability requirements, channel environment, and communication scenario.

[0209] eMBB devices can also be described as eMBB, URLLC devices can also be described as URLLC, NB-IoT devices can also be described as NB-IoT, CPE devices can also be described as CPE, and V2X devices can also be described as V2X, without restriction.

[0210] For example, Table 7 below illustrates another example of an association between a first parameter and first pilot characteristic information. As shown in Table 7, the first parameter includes the number of terminal devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device. The first pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots in the first pilot set. The association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be at least one row in Table 7.

[0211] Table 7 Example of association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information

[0212]

[0213] Taking Table 1 and Table 7 as an example, the first network device can choose to use the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information shown in Table 1, or choose to use the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information shown in Table 7. For example, Table 1 can be associated with at least one of the type of scene, user category, or channel state, and Table 7 can be associated with at least one of the type of scene, user category, or channel state. The first network device can select one (Table 1 or Table 7) of the association relationships between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information based on at least one of the type of scene, user category, or channel state.

[0214] In implementation A2-b2, the first network device sends information indicating the first pilot set to the first terminal device.

[0215] In implementation A2-b2, the first network device can send the first pilot set to the first terminal device in various ways. For example, the first network device can send pilot indication information to the first terminal device. The pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the pilot indication information from the first network device. The first terminal device determines the first pilot set based on the pilot indication information. In this way, the first terminal device can determine which pilot from the pilot set to use based on the pilot indication information. This solution can reduce the workload of the first terminal device and lower its power consumption.

[0216] In an embodiment of the present application, multiple pilot sets can be preset. The first pilot set is one of the multiple pilot sets. The pilot indication information can be a sequence identifier indicating all the pilots in the first pilot set. In another possible implementation, in order to reduce the amount of data transmission, the pilot indication information indicates part of the pilots in the first pilot set, for example, the pilot indication information is: the sequence identifier of each pilot in part of the pilots in the first pilot set. In this way, the first terminal device can determine the first pilot set based on the sequence identifier of the pilot in the part of the pilots. It can be seen that this method can reduce the amount of data transmitted, thereby saving signaling overhead and improving data transmission efficiency.

[0217] In one possible implementation, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information is associated with a first parameter. For example, the first network device determines the first parameter, and based on the association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter, the first network device determines the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information. The first network device sends the pilot indication information based on the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information. In this way, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be flexibly changed with the specific value of the first parameter, thereby further improving the flexibility of the solution. For example, when the number of pilots in the first pilot set associated with the first parameter is large, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be larger. For another example, when the number of pilots in the first pilot set associated with the first parameter is small, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be smaller. In this way, provided that the pilot indication information can indicate the first pilot set, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of data required for transmission and lowering latency.

[0218] Optionally, the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information is associated with the first parameter. The association may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling. Alternatively, the protocol may predefine multiple associations, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the associations to be used.

[0219] The first terminal device determines a first parameter, and the first terminal device determines the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information based on an association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter. The first terminal device obtains the pilot indication information from a preset location of a message carrying the pilot indication information based on the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information, and the first terminal device determines a first pilot set based on the pilot indication information. The association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter can be preset or sent to the first terminal device by the first network device.

[0220] For example, the pilot indication information occupies 3 bits and can indicate the first 8 pilots in the pilot set (the number of pilots included in the pilot set is greater than 8). For another example, the pilot indication information occupies 4 bits and can indicate the first 16 pilots in the pilot set (the number of pilots included in the pilot set is greater than 16). It can be seen that in this embodiment, a subset can be used to indicate a set, thereby saving signaling overhead.

[0221] Table 8 below illustrates an example of an association between a first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information. As shown in Table 8, the first parameter includes the number of terminal devices within a location where the first terminal device is applicable. The association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information may be at least one row in Table 8.

[0222] Table 8 Example of the association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information

[0223]

[0224] Table 9 below illustrates an example of an association between a first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information. As shown in Table 9, the first parameter includes size information of a location where the first terminal device is applicable. The association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information may be at least one row in Table 9.

[0225] Table 9 Example of the association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information

[0226]

[0227] Table 10 below illustrates an example of an association between a first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information. As shown in Table 10, the first parameter includes a data transmission bit error rate threshold. The association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information may be at least one row in Table 10.

[0228] Table 10 Example of the association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information

[0229]

[0230] Table 11 below illustrates an example of an association between a first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information. As shown in Table 11, the first parameter includes a data transmission rate threshold. The association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information may be at least one row in Table 11.

[0231] Table 11 Example of the association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information

[0232]

[0233] In a possible implementation, the first parameter is associated with the number of bits occupied by the plurality of pilot indication information. The first network device may determine which association to use this time based on some parameters.

[0234] For example, Table 12 below illustrates another example of an association between a first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information. As shown in Table 12, the first parameter includes the number of terminal devices within a location where the first terminal device is applicable. The association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by pilot indication information can be at least one row in Table 12.

[0235] Table 12 Example of the association between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information

[0236]

[0237] Taking Table 8 and Table 12 as an example, the first network device may choose to use the association relationship between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information shown in Table 8, or choose to use the association relationship between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information shown in Table 12. For example, Table 8 may be associated with at least one of the scene type, the scene type of the applicable place, the user category, or the channel state. Table 12 may also be associated with at least one of the scene type, the scene type of the applicable place, the user category, or the channel state. The first network device may determine and select one (Table 8 or Table 12) of the association relationships between the first parameter and the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information based on the scene type, the scene type of the applicable place, the user category, or the channel state.

[0238] Step 202: The first network device obtains a pilot.

[0239] The pilot signal is associated with a first parameter, which includes at least one of the number of network devices within the applicable place of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices within the applicable place of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices within the applicable place, the size information of the applicable place, the scene type of the applicable place, the channel type corresponding to the applicable place, the data transmission rate threshold, the data transmission delay threshold, the data transmission bit error rate threshold, or the data transmission reliability threshold.

[0240] In a possible implementation, the pilot is a pilot among pilots included in a first pilot set. The first pilot set may include one or more pilots. The first pilot set is associated with the first parameter.

[0241] The first network device may acquire the pilot in a manner similar to the manner in which the first terminal device acquires the pilot in step 201. For example, the first network device may receive information indicating the pilot from the first terminal device. Alternatively, the first network device may determine a first pilot set and then determine the pilot from the first pilot set.

[0242] Similarly, there are various ways for the first network device to determine the first pilot set. For example, the first network device may obtain first pilot characteristic information, where the first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first pilot set. The first network device may determine the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. Another example is the first network device receiving information indicating the first pilot set from the first terminal device.

[0243] The first network device and the first terminal device can obtain the first pilot characteristic information, and then determine the relevant content of the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. Please refer to the aforementioned implementation A2-b1. For example, the first pilot characteristic information has an associated relationship with the first parameter. The first network device can generate the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. Or the first network device preconfigures the associated relationship between the first pilot set and the first pilot characteristic information. After the first network device obtains the first pilot characteristic information, it determines the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information. Alternatively, the first network device can obtain the associated relationship between the first pilot set and the first pilot characteristic information from other devices. After the first network device obtains the first pilot characteristic information, it determines the first pilot set based on the first pilot characteristic information.

[0244] Similarly, the first pilot feature information is one candidate pilot feature information among a plurality of candidate pilot feature information. In one possible implementation, the first network device may receive information indicating a plurality of candidate pilot feature information from the first terminal apparatus.

[0245] The implementation method for the first network device to determine the first pilot characteristic information can refer to the aforementioned implementation method A2-b1. For example, the first network device can receive information indicating the first pilot characteristic information from the first terminal device. For example, the first terminal device can determine a first parameter, and the first terminal device determines the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter and the association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information. The first terminal device then sends information indicating the first pilot characteristic information to the first network device.

[0246] For another example, the first network device may determine the first pilot characteristic information based on the first parameter. The association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information is predefined by the protocol, configured by the first network device, or sent by the first terminal device to the first network device.

[0247] For another example, the first network device may receive information indicating the first pilot set from the first terminal device. For example, the first network device may receive pilot indication information from the first terminal device. For details about the pilot indication information, see the aforementioned implementation A2-b2 and will not be repeated here.

[0248] The implementation method of the first network device acquiring the pilot is similar to the implementation method of the first terminal device acquiring the pilot in the aforementioned step 201, and will not be repeated here.

[0249] Step 203: The first terminal device communicates with the first network device according to the pilot signal.

[0250] In the present application, the pilot signal used by the terminal device is associated with the first parameter. Since the first parameter includes the number of network devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices within the applicable location, the size information of the applicable location, the scenario type of the applicable location, the channel type corresponding to the applicable location, the data transmission rate threshold, the data transmission delay threshold, the data transmission bit error rate threshold, or the data transmission reliability threshold, it can be seen that in the embodiments of the present application, the pilot signal is set according to different scenarios, different business requirements, etc., thereby improving the rationality of the pilot signal setting and thus improving communication performance.

[0251] In the embodiment of the present application, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information can be calculated by a network device (such as a first network device), or can be calculated by a terminal device (such as a first terminal device), or can be executed by other devices. In the embodiment of the present application, the scheme for establishing the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information can be used in combination with the scheme shown in Figure 2 above, or can be implemented separately. For example, in one possible implementation, before the implementation of the implementation of Figure 2 above, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information can be generated by the implementation provided by the embodiment of the present application. The following is an exemplary introduction through implementation C1 and implementation C2 respectively.

[0252] In implementation mode C1, the first network device establishes an association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information.

[0253] Optionally, the association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information may be predefined by the protocol, or the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling, or the protocol may predefine multiple association relationships, and the network device may inform the terminal device through signaling of one of the association relationships to be used.

[0254] In implementation C1, the first pilot characteristic information may include pilot information of the pilot corresponding to the first parameter (such as the number of pilots), and the first pilot characteristic information may also include pilot allocation information.

[0255] Based on the embodiments shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E and 2 and the other contents described above, Figure 3 exemplarily shows a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. This scheme is used to establish an association relationship between a first parameter and first pilot feature information. In practical applications, the implementation shown in Figure 3 can be performed by a terminal device, or by a network device, or by other devices. In an example of an embodiment of the present application, the scheme shown in Figure 3 is performed by a first device as an example. The first device in the embodiment of the present application can be a network device, a terminal device or other device. In implementation C1, since the first network device establishes an association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information, the steps in Figure 3 are introduced by taking the execution subject of the scheme as the first network device as an example.

[0256] As shown in FIG3 , the method includes:

[0257] In step 301 , a first network device obtains channel state information between one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

[0258] In step 301, for example, a first network device sends a reference signal to a first terminal device. The first terminal device receives the reference signal. The transmitting device transmits a reference signal known to the receiving device, which propagates through a channel and is received by the receiving device. The receiving device compares the received reference signal with the known reference signal to estimate the channel.

[0259] The reference signal may include but is not limited to a sounding reference signal (SRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a sensing reference signal, and other reference signals.

[0260] It should be understood that the reference signal is used to measure the channel between the first network device and the first terminal device and to obtain channel state information required for scheduling and link adaptation, such as a precoding matrix and channel quality information. It should also be understood that the channel state information in the embodiments of the present application includes large-scale information.

[0261] Alternatively, the network device may receive a reference signal from the terminal device, and determine channel state information between the network device and each terminal device based on the reference signal from the terminal device. The channel state information is, for example, large-scale information.

[0262] For example, a first network device transmits a reference signal used to determine channel state information between the first network device and a terminal device among multiple terminal devices. The first terminal device receives the reference signal from the first network device among the one or more network devices, and determines the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device based on the reference signal. The first terminal device transmits the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the first network device. The first network device receives the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device from the first terminal device.

[0263] Similarly, other terminal devices can also send reference signals to the first network device and obtain channel state information between them and the first network device based on the reference signals. Network devices can also interact with each other. For example, the first network device can receive channel state information between it and one or more terminal devices from other network devices. Through this solution, the first network device obtains channel state information between one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

[0264] In one possible implementation, the first network device sends reporting indication information to the first terminal device. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the reporting indication information from the first network device. The reporting indication information can be carried in scheduling information (such as downlink control information (DCI)) or radio resource control (RRC) messages.

[0265] The reporting indication information indicates that the first terminal device periodically sends the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device. The reporting indication information also includes: the periodic duration of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, the resource information of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, the resource information of the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device received by the first network device, the number of bits occupied by the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device when the first terminal device sends the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device, or at least one of the number of bits occupied by the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device when the first receiving point receives the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device. In this way, the first network device can report the channel state information according to the reporting indication information.

[0266] In another possible embodiment, when the amount of change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change amount threshold, the first terminal device sends the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the first network device. The first network device receives the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device from the first terminal device. The updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is sent by the first terminal device when the amount of change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change amount threshold. In this way, the first network device can communicate based on the latest channel state information.

[0267] In an embodiment of the present application, the channel state information change threshold is preset, or is indicated by information indicating the channel state information change threshold from the first network device. In one possible implementation, the channel state information change threshold is associated with the first parameter. For example, the two channel state information change thresholds associated with two different first parameters are different. For example, the two channel state information change thresholds corresponding to different scenarios may be different, for example, the two channel state information change thresholds corresponding to different rates may be different, for example, the two channel state information change thresholds corresponding to different bit error rates may be different. Setting different thresholds can meet the needs of channel state information under different scenario conditions and can also reduce the overhead of feedback signaling.

[0268] Step 302: The first network device determines second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter according to the channel state information.

[0269] The second pilot characteristic information includes the number of pilots and pilot allocation information. The pilot allocation information indicates how the pilots of the pilot number are distributed among multiple terminal devices. For details about the first parameter, see the previous description and are not repeated here. In step 302, the first network device may determine the second pilot characteristic information based on a Dsatur algorithm or an orthogonal pilot allocation scheme.

[0270] The pilot allocation information determined based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme may indicate that one pilot is allocated to each terminal device. For example, if there are K terminal devices in total, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that K pilots are required, and any two pilots are different, where K is a positive integer.

[0271] The pilot allocation information in the second pilot characteristic information determined based on the Dsatur algorithm may indicate the presence of a terminal device that multiplexes a pilot. The second pilot characteristic information indicates the presence of at least two terminals, and at least two terminals multiplex a pilot. This can reduce the number of pilots.

[0272] Step 303: The first network device determines a first number of terminal devices that meet a preset rate requirement value based on the second pilot characteristic information.

[0273] In step 304 , when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, the first network device updates the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter to obtain the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

[0274] In the above step 304, in a possible implementation, when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, the number of pilots indicated by the second pilot characteristic information is increased to obtain the first pilot characteristic information.

[0275] For example, if the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, for a first terminal device that does not meet the rate requirement, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device reuse the same pilot. A first requirement is set, indicating that the first terminal device and the second terminal device cannot reuse the same pilot. One or more iterations are performed according to the first requirement until a preset iteration stop condition is met, thereby obtaining first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

[0276] In a possible implementation, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device and multiple third terminal devices reuse the first pilot. The second terminal device is a third terminal device physically closest to the first terminal device among the multiple third terminal devices.

[0277] In step 304, the first network device may, after multiple iterations, finally obtain first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter. Preset iteration stopping conditions include at least one of the following: the number of terminal devices meeting a preset rate requirement value is not less than a preset user number threshold (the preset user number threshold may, for example, be the number of all terminal devices within the applicable location of the first terminal device); the difference between the current number of pilots and the initial number of pilots is greater than a preset value; or the number of iterations is greater than a preset number of iterations.

[0278] Taking a smart factory as an example, where K single-antenna terminal devices and M network devices are included, the first parameter may include, for example, the number of terminal devices, K, and / or the number of network devices, M. The following example describes a possible example of determining the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter. The pilot allocation scheme method provided in an embodiment of the present application is described in detail. The method may include steps 1 to 6. The meanings of the various parameters involved in steps 1 to 6 below can be referenced to each other and are not further described.

[0279] The following is a detailed introduction to each step of the method.

[0280] Step 1: The terminal device k selects the network device set to be connected to it according to the large-scale channel ratio.

[0281] Optionally, the network device set The selection criteria are: for any k-th terminal device, the large-scale information {β m,k} m＝1,2,…,M Arrange from large to small and add them to the set one by one until: Established, where T h ∈(0,1],T h is the threshold set by the system, β m,k is the large-scale channel gain from the kth terminal device to the mth network device. It should be understood that a larger threshold value indicates a greater number of network devices serving the terminal device k (kth terminal device).

[0282] In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device k-direction set The network device sends an orthogonal pilot sequence, the number of pilots is τ, τ≤K, K is a preset value, and the time for pilot transmission is τ / Bw seconds (second, s), where B w The bandwidth occupied by the system.

[0283] In a possible implementation, the number of terminal devices sharing the same pilot signal may be set to no more than a preset threshold, thereby reducing interference, improving reliability, and simplifying the algorithm operation process.

[0284] The terminal device k in the embodiment of the present application may be configured with a transmission error probability ε k At time T = L / B w In seconds The small packet data of 100 bits is uploaded to the network device, so that the weighted sum rate of the entire uplink system is maximized and the maximum energy constraint E of each terminal device is satisfied. k , where B w is the bandwidth of the system, L is the total number of code blocks (L can also be understood as the total block length of the pilot and data, and L is the total number of code blocks corresponding to the pilot and data). For the minimum rate requirement, the value of k can be a positive integer from 1 to K, and the mathematical expression can be expressed as

[0285] Step 2: After receiving the pilot sequence, the network device among the M network devices uses a minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm to estimate the channel between the terminal device connected to it and the network device, and feeds back the channel information to the terminal device.

[0286] Optionally, the pilot sequence sent by the kth terminal device is denoted as q k , using MMSE channel estimation, the channel estimation value of the mth network device to the kth terminal device is: Among them, β m,k is the large-scale channel gain from the kth terminal device to the mth network device, is the transmission power of the pilot signal of a communication device k, is the pilot signal matrix received by the mth network device,

[0287] in as follows: The mean of the mth network device is 0 and the variance is σ 2 Additive Gaussian white noise

[0288] The pilot signal cannot be reused between two terminal devices connected to the same network device. k and k' are two terminal devices. The pilot signal sequence sent by the k'th terminal device is denoted as q k` , M k is the network device accessed by the kth terminal device, M k` For the network device accessed by the k'th terminal device, if the intersection of the k'th terminal device and the network device accessed by the k'th terminal device is not empty, then the pilot signals of the two terminal devices are orthogonal, which can be expressed by the following formula:

[0289] Step 3: The terminal device performs uplink data transmission.

[0290] Optionally, the time for data transmission is (LK) / B w s, T = L / B w The total delay requirement for uplink data packet transmission.

[0291] Step 4: The network device derives the latency requirement (T) and high reliability (ε) of each terminal device. k ) is the lower bound of the rate required.

[0292] When the data transmission power and pilot transmission power of the kth terminal device are both set to 0.1 watt, the lower bound of the achievable rate of the terminal device k can be expressed as:

[0293]

[0294] in:

[0295]

[0296] It can refer to any terminal device, and it can be understood that each terminal device can be calculated to obtain the lower bound of the rate of the terminal device, ε k is the transmission error probability of terminal device k, It is the ratio of the total number of pilots to the total number of code blocks corresponding to the pilots and data.

[0297] Step 5: The network device sets the lower bound of the uplink data rate of each terminal device calculated in step 4 to meet the preset minimum uplink rate requirement. The terminal devices are put into the set S. The goal is to maximize the number of terminal devices in the set S while meeting the delay requirement T and the transmission error probability ε. k and minimum uplink rate requirements By solving the optimization model, we can get the number of pilots and the pilot allocation scheme.

[0298] The optimization model is established as: (P0)max|S|, and the constraints can be: This constraint means that two terminal devices connected to the same network device cannot reuse pilot signals. k and k' are two terminal devices, and the pilot sequence sent by the k'th terminal device is denoted as q k` , M k is the network device accessed by the kth terminal device, M k` For a network device accessed by the k'th terminal device, if the intersection of the k'th terminal device and the network device accessed by the k'th terminal device is not empty, then the pilot signals of the two terminal devices are orthogonal.

[0299] In another possible implementation, a constraint condition may be added: the number of terminal devices sharing the same pilot may be set to no more than a preset threshold, thereby reducing interference, improving reliability, and simplifying the algorithm operation process.

[0300] Step 6: The network device solves the optimization model to obtain the number of pilots and pilot allocation information.

[0301] Optionally, step 6 may include steps 6.1 to 6.7.

[0302] The following example illustrates the random distribution of 15 devices in a 200m*200m smart factory.

[0303] Step 6.1: Based on the principle that pilot signals cannot be reused between two terminal devices connected to the same network device, the network device establishes a K×K binary matrix B, where the element b in the kth row and k'th column is k,k′ It can be expressed as

[0304]

[0305] Among them, b k,k′ =1 means that terminal device k and terminal device k' cannot reuse the pilot. Therefore, the undirected graph shown in Figure 5A can be obtained. Figure 5A exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of an undirected graph provided by an embodiment of the present application. Each black circle in Figure 5A represents a terminal device. Figure 5A exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the location distribution of each terminal device in the smart factory. The numbers near the black circles represent the numbers of the terminal devices. Based on the undirected graph in Figure 5A, the pilot number τ can be obtained using the Dsatur algorithm Dsa and pilot allocation information The allocation scheme can be shown in Figure 5B, which exemplifies a schematic diagram of a pilot allocation scheme corresponding to the undirected graph shown in Figure 5A. As shown in Figure 5B, in the pilot allocation scheme obtained based on the Dsatur algorithm, connected terminal devices cannot use the same pilot. As can be seen from Figure 5B, for 15 communication devices, only 5 pilots are required according to the Dsatur algorithm. The number of pilots τ Dsa 5, pilot allocation information FIG5B is an example of an allocation scheme of terminal devices. For example, as shown in FIG5B , terminal device 1 , terminal device 9 , and terminal device 13 share one pilot.

[0306] Step 6.2: The network device calculates the number of pilots τ calculated in step 6.1. Dsa and pilot allocation information Substitute into the model (P0)max|S|. Recalculate the number of terminal devices in the set S, that is, recalculate the lower bound of the terminal device rate according to the above scheme, and make the lower bound of the rate meet the preset minimum uplink rate requirement. The terminal devices are put into the set S, and then the number of terminal devices in the updated set S is calculated.

[0307] In the above example, the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter may include the pilot number τ calculated based on the Dsatur algorithm in step 6.1 Dsa and pilot allocation information Or according to the pilot number τ calculated based on the Dsatur algorithm Dsa and pilot allocation information Determine the second pilot characteristic information. In one possible implementation, if the number of terminal devices in the set S recalculated using the Dsatur algorithm is equal to the number K, the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter can be determined based on the second pilot characteristic information (for example, the second pilot characteristic information is used as the first pilot characteristic information), and the calculation process is terminated. If the number of terminal devices in the set S recalculated based on the Dsatur algorithm is less than the number K, the pilot allocation scheme and pilot data can be further iterated, for example, the following step 6.3 can be executed.

[0308] In another possible implementation, the network device determines the number of pilots based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme, and the number of pilots determined based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme (i.e., the number K) is the same as the number K of terminal devices. The pilot allocation information determined based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme can indicate that each terminal device is allocated a pilot. Substitute the pilot allocation information into the model (P0)max|S|. The network device recalculates the number of terminal devices in the set S, that is, recalculates the rate lower bound of the terminal device according to the aforementioned scheme, and sets the rate lower bound to meet the preset minimum uplink rate requirement. The terminal devices are put into the set S, and then the number of terminal devices in the updated set S is calculated.

[0309] In the above example, the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter may also include the number of pilots and the pilot allocation scheme determined based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme in step 6.1, or the second pilot characteristic information may be determined based on the number of pilots K and the pilot allocation scheme calculated based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme. In one possible implementation, if the number of terminal devices in the set S recalculated using the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme is equal to the number K, the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter may be determined based on the second pilot characteristic information (for example, the second pilot characteristic information may be determined as the first pilot characteristic information), and the calculation process may be terminated. If the number of terminal devices in the set S recalculated based on the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme is less than the number K, the pilot allocation scheme and the pilot data may be further iterated, for example, the following step 6.3 may be executed.

[0310] In another possible implementation, if the number of terminal devices in set S recalculated by at least one of the two aforementioned solutions (using at least one of the Dsatur algorithm and the orthogonal pilot allocation solution) is equal to the number K, then the solution in which the number of terminal devices in set S meets the number K may be selected. In another possible implementation, if the number of terminal devices in set S recalculated by both of the two aforementioned solutions is less than the number K, then step 6.3 below may be performed.

[0311] In step 6.3, the network device updates the pilot allocation scheme and the number of pilots through one or more iterations until a preset iteration stop condition is reached, stops iteration, and determines the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter based on the latest number of pilots and pilot allocation scheme.

[0312] In step 6.3, the network device may use the latest obtained number of pilots and pilot allocation scheme as the first pilot characteristic information.

[0313] The following takes the tth iteration as an example to introduce the iteration process, where the value of t is 0 or a positive integer. The following first introduces the definitions of various symbols in the tth iteration: a (t) is the maximum number of terminal devices supported in the first t iterations; the K×K binary matrix is ​​B (t) ; The number of pilots is The pilot allocation scheme is (When performing iteration, the initial value of the pilot allocation scheme may be a preset pilot allocation scheme or a pilot allocation scheme obtained by any of the above schemes ((Dsatur algorithm or orthogonal pilot allocation scheme), or a pilot allocation scheme corresponding to a larger number of schemes in the set S obtained by the above (Dsatur algorithm and orthogonal pilot allocation scheme) may be selected; is the uplink data transmission rate of terminal device k' that multiplexes pilot i, The set of terminal devices that reuse pilot i and cannot meet the rate requirement is defined as One or more terminal devices in the set of terminal devices that cannot meet the rate requirement in the multiplexing pilot i; The terminal device with the closest physical distance and multiplexing pilot i is defined as Can represent Among them, U k′ and Denotes terminal device k′ and terminal device The two-dimensional coordinates of the position; the objective function value of the problem (P0) is Obj (t) ; The pilot length search range refers to the range within which the pilot length differs from the pilot length of the initial solution when determining the pilot solution in the iterative algorithm. For example, if the pilot length of the initial solution is s1 and the pilot length search range is n, the pilot length in the iterative algorithm can range from s1-n to s1+n, or from s1 to s1+n, etc.

[0314] The specific iteration process is introduced below.

[0315] Initialize the number of iterations t = 0, B (0) =B,a (0)and Obj (0) The maximum objective function value of the Dsatur algorithm and the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme obtained in step 6.2, that is, the maximum number of connected terminal devices (which can be the number of terminal devices in the set S calculated by the Dsatur algorithm and the orthogonal pilot allocation scheme in step 6.2); Equal to the number of pilots obtained based on the Dsatur algorithm in step 6.2; =Equal to the pilot allocation scheme obtained based on the Dsatur algorithm in step 6.2. For the terminal device that cannot meet the rate requirement (for example, the terminal device with the smallest calculated rate lower bound, which is referred to as the first terminal device in this application) and find the terminal device (For example, the terminal device may be referred to as the first terminal device) The terminal device physically closest to (The terminal device may be referred to as a second terminal device, and the terminal device With terminal device Using the same pilot), it can be written as the following expression

[0316] A terminal device (e.g., the first terminal device) that does not meet the rate requirement may be experiencing significant interference. Therefore, a first requirement can be set. The first requirement indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device cannot reuse the same pilot signal, and a new undirected graph is constructed again. In other words, the number of pilot signals is increased, and a new undirected graph is reconstructed.

[0317] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of iterations can be updated during multiple iterations, such as setting the number of iterations t plus 1. And the result of the previous iteration is used as the input of the next iteration, such as according to renew and The value of is 1. Update B (t) =B (t-1) , according to the obtained B (t) .

[0318] FIG5C exemplarily illustrates a possible schematic diagram after FIG5B is iterated. As shown in FIG5C , a connection between terminal device 1 and terminal device 9 is newly added on the basis of FIG5B , and two terminal devices connected in the undirected graph cannot share a pilot. The newly constructed undirected graph has the newly added connection shown by the dotted line. FIG5D exemplarily illustrates a schematic diagram of a pilot allocation scheme determined based on the undirected graph shown in FIG5C . As shown in FIG5D , in the new pilot allocation scheme, terminal device 1 and terminal device 9 do not share a pilot, and terminal device 1 shares the same pilot with terminal device 11 and terminal device 12.

[0319] Based on the updated undirected graph, the number of pilots is recalculated using the Dsatur algorithm. and pilot allocation scheme You can also get the new objective function value Obj (t) . Further, it can be determined whether the iteration stop condition is met. If it is met, the iteration can be stopped and the number of pilots obtained can be calculated. and pilot allocation scheme The first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter is obtained. If not satisfied, the next round of iteration can be continued.

[0320] In the next iteration, update When Obj (t) >a (t-1) , update the number of pilots, which can be expressed as The updated allocation scheme can be expressed as: and a (t) =Obj (t) ; When Obj (t) <a (t-1) ,

[0321] a (t) =a (t-1) Continue to iterate. The iterative process is the same as before and will not be repeated here.

[0322] The iteration stops when the iteration stop condition is met, and continues if the iteration stop condition is not met. The iteration stop condition may include: the difference between the current number of pilots and the initial value of the number of pilots is greater than the pilot length search range, which can be expressed as Alternatively, the iteration stopping condition may include that the number of iterations is greater than a preset number of iterations (the preset number of iterations is, for example, 20), which may be expressed as t>20.

[0323] It should be understood that the specific implementation process shown in the above steps can be implemented in other ways, and this application does not limit this.

[0324] In implementation C2, the first terminal device determines pilot characteristic information.

[0325] In implementation C2, the manner in which the first terminal device determines the pilot characteristic information is substantially similar to the manner in which the first network device determines the pilot characteristic information. For example, steps 302, 303, and 304 described above may be performed by the first terminal device. The specific implementation scheme is similar to the aforementioned content and will not be repeated here. Before executing step 302, the first terminal device needs to obtain channel state information between one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices. The first pilot characteristic information is determined based on the channel state information between one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices, and the multiple terminal devices include the first terminal device.

[0326] The first terminal device can determine the channel state information between the first terminal device and the network device (such as the first network device) by receiving a reference signal from one or more network devices (such as the first network device). There are many ways for the first terminal device to obtain the channel state information between other terminal devices and the network device. For example, the network device can send the channel state information between the network device and other terminal devices, and for example, other terminal devices can send the channel state information between the terminal device and one or more network devices to the first terminal device. The following takes the example of multiple terminal devices also including one or more second terminal devices, and introduces this part of the content through the following implementation C2-1 and implementation C2-2.

[0327] In implementation C2-1, the first network device unicasts, multicasts, or broadcasts channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device among the one or more network devices.

[0328] In one possible implementation, each network device transmits a reference signal. Each terminal device may determine channel state information between the terminal device and the network device based on the received reference signal. Each terminal device may feed back the channel state information to each network device. Alternatively, the network device may receive a reference signal from the terminal device and determine the channel state information between the network device and each terminal device based on the reference signal from the terminal device.

[0329] Furthermore, the network device can send the channel state information between the terminal device and the network device by unicast, multicast or broadcast. For example, the network device can send the channel state information between the terminal device and the network device by (public RRC signaling or group DCI). For example, the first network device unicasts, multicasts or broadcasts the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device among one or more network devices. The information indicating the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device can be carried in scheduling information (such as DCI) or RRC messages. Other network devices can also send the channel state information between the network device and the terminal device by unicast, multicast or broadcast. For example, the first network device sends the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device among multiple network devices to the first terminal device. In this way, the first terminal device can obtain the channel state information between one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

[0330] In another possible embodiment, when the change in the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold, the second terminal device sends the updated channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device to the first network device. The first network device receives the updated channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device from the second terminal device. Furthermore, the first network device can send the updated channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device to other terminal devices by unicast, multicast or broadcast. This allows the first terminal device to obtain the latest channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device, and then more accurately determine the communication conditions.

[0331] In implementation C2-2, a first terminal device receives unicast or multicast channel state information indicating a channel between the second terminal device and a first network device among a plurality of network devices from a second terminal device.

[0332] In implementation C2-2, each network device transmits a reference signal. Each terminal device may determine channel state information between each terminal device and the network device based on the received reference signal. The terminal devices may interact with each other so that one terminal device transmits (e.g., unicast or multicast) the channel state information between the terminal device and the network device to other terminal devices (e.g., the first terminal device). For example, the first terminal device receives a unicast or multicast signal from a second terminal device indicating the channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device among the plurality of network devices.

[0333] Similarly, the first terminal device may also send (e.g., unicast) channel state information between the first terminal device and one or more network devices to other terminal devices (e.g., the second terminal device). For another example, the first terminal device multicasts the channel state information (or also referred to as uplink channel state information) between the first terminal device and one or more network devices (e.g., the first network device) to terminals in a first terminal device group (e.g., the first terminal device group includes one or more terminal devices, such as one or more second terminal devices).

[0334] To give another example, for example, if a terminal device is set as the head user in the first terminal device group, and if a second terminal device is set as the head user, then the other terminal devices can send the channel status information between the terminal device and the network device to the head user in a unicast manner, and then the head user can multicast the channel status information between each terminal device in the terminal device group and the network device to other terminal devices in the first terminal device group in a multicast manner.

[0335] In one possible implementation, when the change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold, the second terminal device sends (unicast or multicast) the updated channel state information between the second terminal device and the first network device to the first terminal device.

[0336] Similarly, in another possible implementation, when the change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold, the first terminal device sends (unicast or multicast) the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to other terminal devices.

[0337] The solution for determining the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be executed by other devices, such as other equipment. Other devices can obtain channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices from terminal devices and / or network devices.

[0338] The scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application is based on the channel state information of the terminal device and the network device to optimize the pilot allocation scheme. An optimization model of the pilot allocation scheme is established based on delay reliability, and a target optimization problem is established to optimize the number of pilots and the pilot allocation scheme, which can better meet the ultra-low delay and ultra-high reliability of ultra-reliable and ultra-low latency communication (Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communication, uRLLC) users. For example, in the above-mentioned optimization scheme, for terminal devices that cannot meet the rate requirements, the device may be subject to strong interference and therefore cannot meet the rate, so new requirements can be set, such as setting the terminal device that shares the same pilot with the terminal device in the original pilot allocation scheme to not share the same pilot with the terminal device, and recalculating the pilot allocation scheme based on the new requirement. After multiple iterations, the purpose of optimizing the pilot allocation scheme is achieved.

[0339] Figure 6 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the effect of applying the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application and the solution of applying the Dsatur algorithm. Figure 6 (a), Figure 6 (b), Figure 6 (c) and Figure 6 (d) show the pilot allocation scheme of terminal devices in a region. In Figure 6, except for the small black dots representing base stations, other shapes (triangles, diamonds, hollow circles, crosses, X-shaped, stars, etc.) all represent terminal devices, and terminal devices of the same shape identify terminal devices that can share the same pilot. The terminal device with (NO) written next to it indicates that the terminal device cannot meet the rate requirement. The number of pilots allocated to the terminal device in the area shown in Figure 6 (a) is 14, the number of pilots allocated to the terminal device in the area shown in Figure 6 (c) is 13, and the number of pilots allocated to the terminal device in the area shown in Figure 6 (b) and Figure 6 (d) is 12. (a) in Figure 6 and (c) in Figure 6 are pilot allocation diagrams obtained by applying the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, and (b) in Figure 6 and (d) in Figure 6 are pilot allocation diagrams obtained by applying the Dsatur algorithm. By comparing (a) in Figure 6 and (b) in Figure 6, and by comparing (c) in Figure 6 and (d) in Figure 6, it can be seen that the application of the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the number of terminal devices that do not meet the rate requirements and improve the overall system performance. It can be seen from the performance comparison after optimization that in the pilot allocation scheme obtained based on the Dsatur algorithm, some terminal devices that are very close to the base station cannot meet the rate requirements, while in the pilot allocation scheme obtained by the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal devices close to the base station can basically meet the rate requirements.

[0340] The names of the above messages are only examples. With the evolution of communication technology, the names of any of the above messages may change. However, no matter how the names change, as long as their meanings are the same as those of the above messages in this application, they fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0341] In the embodiment of the present application, sending information to a terminal device can be understood as the destination of the information being the terminal device. For example, module A sending information to the terminal includes: module A sending the information to the terminal through the air interface, optionally, module A can perform baseband and / or mid-RF operations on the information; or, module A delivers the information to module B, and module B sends the information to the terminal. Among them, when module B sends the information to the terminal, it can be to transparently transmit the information, segment the information and send the information, or multiplex the information with other information and send the information. Optionally, module B can perform baseband and / or mid-RF operations on the information and then send the information, etc. Optionally, module B can encapsulate the information in a data packet. Optionally, module B can also add a header and / or padding bits to the data packet, etc.

[0342] In the embodiment of the present application, receiving information from a terminal device can be understood as the origin of the information being the terminal device. For example, module A receiving information from a terminal device includes: module A receiving the information from the terminal via an air interface, optionally, module A can perform baseband and / or mid-RF operations on the information; or, module B receiving the information from the terminal via an air interface and delivering the information to module A. Module B delivering the information to module A includes: delivering the received information transparently to module A, combining the received multiple segments into the information and delivering it to module A, or extracting the information from the multiplexed information and delivering it to module A. Optionally, module B can perform baseband and / or mid-RF operations on the received information and then send the information, etc. Optionally, the information received by module B is encapsulated in a data packet. Optionally, the data packet includes a header and / or padding bits, etc.

[0343] The module B can be a single module or multiple modules coupled in sequence, without limitation. For example, module A is a DU module and module B is an RU module; for another example, module A is a CU-CP module and module B is a DU module and an RU module.

[0344] The above mainly introduces the solution provided by the present application from the perspective of the interaction between various network elements. It can be understood that in order to realize the above functions, the above-mentioned network elements include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present invention can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in a hardware or computer software-driven hardware manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0345] According to the aforementioned method, FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0346] Referring to Figure 7, a simplified schematic diagram of an apparatus 1301 is provided. The apparatus 1301 is used to implement the functions of a network element in an embodiment of the present application. For example, the network element may be a base station, terminal, DU, CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, or RU. The apparatus 1301 may be the network element, or a device that can be installed in the network element, or a device that can be used in conjunction with the network element, without limitation. For example, the apparatus may be a chip or a chip system. The apparatus 1301 includes an interface 1303 and a processor 1302. Optionally, the processor 1302 is used to execute a program 1305. The processor 1302 may store the program 1305 or obtain the program 1305 from other devices or equipment (e.g., from a memory 1304 or downloaded from a third-party website). Optionally, the apparatus 1301 includes a memory 1304. The memory 1304 is used to store a program 1306. The program 1306 may be pre-stored or subsequently loaded. Optionally, the memory 1304 may also be used to store necessary data. These components work together to provide the various functions described in the embodiments of this application.

[0347] Processor 1302 may include one or more processors as a combination of computing devices. Processor 1302 may include one or more of the following: a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), gated logic, transistor logic, discrete hardware circuits, processing circuits, or other suitable hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software configured to perform the various functions described in the embodiments of the present application. Processor 1302 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor. For example, processor 1302 may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor may be used to process communication protocols and communication data. The central processing unit may be used to execute software programs and process data in the software programs.

[0348] The interface 1303 may include any suitable hardware or software for enabling communication with one or more computer devices (e.g., network elements of embodiments of the present application). For example, in some embodiments, the interface 1303 may include terminals and / or pins for coupling wires for a wired connection or coupling a wireless interface for a wireless connection. In some embodiments, the interface 1303 may include a transmitter, a receiver, an interface, and / or an antenna. The interface may be configured to enable communication between computer devices (e.g., network elements of embodiments of the present application) using any available protocol (e.g., a 3GPP standard protocol).

[0349] The program in the embodiments of this application refers to software in a broad sense. Software can include program code, a program, a subroutine, an instruction set, code, a code segment, a software module, an application, a software application, etc. The program can be executed in a processor and / or a computer to perform the various functions and / or processes described in the embodiments of this application.

[0350] The memory 1304 can store the necessary data required by the processor 1302 to execute the software. The memory 1304 can be implemented using any suitable storage technology. For example, the memory 1304 can be any available storage medium that can be accessed by the processor and / or computer. Non-limiting examples of storage media include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), removable media, optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media, magnetic storage devices, flash memory, registers, state memory, remotely mounted memory, local or remote memory components, or any other medium that can carry or store software, data, or information and can be accessed by the processor / computer.

[0351] The memory 1304 and the processor 1302 may be provided separately or integrated together. The processor 1302 may read information from the memory 1304 and store and / or write information in the memory. The memory 1304 may be integrated into the processor 1302. The processor 1302 and the memory 1304 may be provided in an integrated circuit (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)). The integrated circuit may be provided in a network element or other network node in an embodiment of the present application. The dotted line in the figure further indicates that the memory is optional.

[0352] Furthermore, the communication device 1301 may further include a bus system, wherein the processor 1302 , the memory 1304 , and the interface 1303 may be connected via the bus system.

[0353] As shown in FIG7 , the device 1301 may be a first terminal device or a first network device, or may be a chip or circuit, such as a chip or circuit that can be provided in a first terminal device, or a chip or circuit that can be provided in a first network device.

[0354] When the device 1301 is used to implement the function of the first terminal device, in one possible implementation, the processor 1302 is used to obtain a pilot signal and communicate based on the pilot signal. The pilot signal is associated with a first parameter, and the first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices in the applicable location of the first terminal device, the number of terminal devices in the applicable location of the first terminal device, the density of terminal devices in the applicable location, the size information of the applicable location, the scenario type of the applicable location, the channel type corresponding to the applicable location, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold.

[0355] In a possible implementation, the processor 1302 is configured to determine a first parameter, and determine the first pilot characteristic information according to the first parameter and an association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information.

[0356] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive information indicating an association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information from the first network device.

[0357] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive pilot indication information from the first network device, where the pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set, and the processor 1302 is configured to determine the first pilot set according to the pilot indication information.

[0358] In one possible implementation, the processor 1302 is used to determine a first parameter, determine the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information based on an association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter, obtain the pilot indication information from a preset position of the message carrying the pilot indication information based on the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information, and determine a first pilot set based on the pilot indication information.

[0359] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive information indicating a pilot frequency from the first network device, and the processor 1302 is configured to determine a pilot frequency according to the information indicating the pilot frequency.

[0360] In one possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive a reference signal from a first network device among the multiple network devices, and the processor 1302 is configured to determine channel state information between the processor 1302 and the first network device based on the reference signal.

[0361] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the first network device.

[0362] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive reporting indication information from the first network device.

[0363] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive unicast, multicast, or broadcast channel status information between the second terminal device and the first network device from the first network device.

[0364] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive unicast or multicast channel status information indicating a channel between the second terminal device and the first network device from the second terminal device.

[0365] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the second terminal device.

[0366] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to multicast the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the terminal devices in the first terminal device group.

[0367] In one possible implementation, interface 1303 is used to send updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the first network device when the change in channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold.

[0368] In one possible implementation, interface 1303 is used to send updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the second terminal device when the change in channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold.

[0369] In one possible implementation, interface 1303 is used to broadcast the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to the terminals in the first terminal device group when the change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold.

[0370] When the device 1301 is used to implement the function of the first network device, in one possible implementation, the processor 1302 is used to obtain a pilot signal and communicate with the first terminal device based on the pilot signal. The pilot signal is associated with a first parameter, and the first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the density of terminal devices in the location where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a scenario type of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold.

[0371] In a possible implementation, the processor 1302 is configured to determine a first parameter, and determine the first pilot characteristic information according to the first parameter and an association between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information.

[0372] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send information indicating an association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information to the first terminal device.

[0373] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send pilot indication information to the first terminal device, where the pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set.

[0374] In one possible implementation, the processor 1302 is used to determine a first parameter, and determine the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information based on an association between the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information and the first parameter. The first network device sends the pilot indication information through the interface 1303 based on the number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information.

[0375] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send information indicating a pilot signal to the first terminal device.

[0376] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send a reference signal, where the reference signal is used to determine channel state information between the first network device and a terminal device among the multiple terminal devices.

[0377] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to receive channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device from the first terminal device.

[0378] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to send reporting instruction information to the first terminal device.

[0379] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to unicast, multicast, or broadcast the channel state information between the first network device and the first terminal device.

[0380] In a possible implementation, the interface 1303 is configured to unicast, multicast, or broadcast the channel state information between the first network device and the second terminal device.

[0381] In one possible implementation, interface 1303 is used to receive updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device from the first terminal device, where the updated channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is sent by the first terminal device when a change in the channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device is greater than a preset channel state information change threshold.

[0382] When device 1301 is used to implement the function of the first device, the first device may be a terminal device, a network device, or other device. In one possible implementation, processor 1302 is used to obtain channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices, determine the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter based on the channel state information, determine a first number of terminal devices that meet a preset rate requirement value based on the second pilot characteristic information, and when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, update the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter to obtain the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

[0383] In a possible implementation, the processor 1302 is configured to increase the number of pilots indicated by the second pilot characteristic information to obtain the first pilot characteristic information when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold.

[0384] In one possible implementation, the processor 1302 is used to, when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, for a first terminal device that does not meet the rate requirement value, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device reuse the same pilot, set a first requirement, the first requirement indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device cannot reuse the same pilot, perform one or more iterations according to the first requirement until a preset iteration stop condition is met, and obtain the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

[0385] For the concepts, explanations, detailed descriptions and other steps involved in the communication device and related to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, please refer to the descriptions of these contents in the aforementioned methods or other embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0386] According to the above method, Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the device 1401 may include a communication transceiver 1403 and a processor 1402. Furthermore, the device 1401 may include a memory 1404. The memory 1404 in the figure is a dotted line to further indicate that the memory is optional. The communication transceiver 1403 is used to input and / or output information; the processor 1402 is used to execute a computer program or instruction so that the device 1401 implements the method of the first terminal device, the first network device or the first device in the relevant scheme of Figure 2 or Figure 3 above. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication transceiver 1403 can implement the scheme implemented by the interface 1303 in Figure 7 above, the processor 1402 can implement the scheme implemented by the processor 1302 in Figure 7 above, and the memory 1404 can implement the scheme implemented by the memory 1304 in Figure 7 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0387] Based on the above embodiments and the same concept, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the device 1501 can be a first terminal device, a first network device or a first device, or a chip or circuit, such as a chip or circuit that can be set in a first terminal device, or a chip or circuit that can be set in a second terminal device, or a chip or circuit that can be set in a network device.

[0388] The apparatus 1501 includes a processing unit 1502 and a communication unit 1503. Furthermore, the apparatus 1501 may or may not include a storage unit 1504. The storage unit 1504 is shown as a dotted line in the figure to further indicate that the storage is optional.

[0389] When device 1501 is used to implement the function of a first terminal device, in one possible implementation, processing unit 1502 is used to obtain a pilot signal and communicate based on the pilot signal. The pilot signal is associated with a first parameter, and the first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, a density of terminal devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a scenario type of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold.

[0390] When device 1501 is used to implement the functions of a first network device, in one possible implementation, processing unit 1502 is used to obtain a pilot signal and communicate with the first terminal device based on the pilot signal. The pilot signal is associated with a first parameter, and the first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, a density of terminal devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a scenario type of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold.

[0391] In the case where device 1501 is used to implement the function of the first device, in one possible implementation: processor 1302 is used for processing unit 1502 to obtain channel state information between multiple terminal devices and multiple network devices, determine second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter based on the channel state information, determine a first number of terminal devices that meet a preset rate requirement value based on the second pilot characteristic information, and when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, update the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter to obtain first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

[0392] For the concepts, explanations, detailed descriptions and other steps involved in the communication device and related to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, please refer to the descriptions of these contents in the aforementioned methods or other embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0393] It can be understood that the functions of the various units in the above-mentioned device 1501 can be implemented with reference to the corresponding method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0394] It should be understood that the division of the units of the above communication device is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication unit 1503 can be implemented by the interface 1303 of Figure 7 above, and the processing unit 1502 can be implemented by the processor 1302 of Figure 7 above.

[0395] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code or instructions, which, when the computer program code or instructions are run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the method of any one of the embodiments shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3.

[0396] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores program code. When the program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the method of any one of the embodiments shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3.

[0397] According to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a chip system, which may include a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute the method of any one of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 or 3. Optionally, the chip system also includes a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions). The processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the device equipped with the chip system executes the method of any one of the embodiments shown in Figures 2 or 3.

[0398] According to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a system, which includes one or more network devices mentioned above.

[0399] In a possible implementation, the system may further include one or more terminal devices, such as the first terminal device and / or the second terminal device involved in the embodiments of the present application.

[0400] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. Available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (eg, high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state discs (SSDs)).

[0401] Note: A portion of this patent application contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner reserves all rights reserved except for copies of the materials in the patent file or patent record in the Patent Office.

[0402] The network devices and terminal devices in the above-mentioned apparatus embodiments correspond to the network devices or terminal devices in the method embodiments, and the corresponding modules or units perform the corresponding steps. For example, the communication unit (transceiver) performs the receiving or sending steps in the method embodiments, and other steps except sending and receiving can be performed by the processing unit (processor). The functions of the specific units can be referred to in the corresponding method embodiments. Among them, there can be one or more processors.

[0403] As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and / or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and a computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside in a process and / or an execution thread, and a component can be located on one computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures stored thereon. Components can communicate, for example, via local and / or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component across a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).

[0404] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0405] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0406] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0407] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0408] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0409] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: The first terminal device obtains a pilot, where the pilot is associated with a first parameter, where the first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices in the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a density of terminal devices in the location where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a scene type of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold; The first terminal device communicates according to the pilot.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The pilot is a pilot among the pilots included in the first pilot set; The first pilot set is associated with the first pilot characteristic information; The first pilot characteristic information includes: at least one of density, number or length of pilots in the first pilot set; The first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The first pilot characteristic information is one of a plurality of candidate pilot characteristic information; The candidate pilot feature information includes first candidate pilot feature information and second candidate pilot feature information; the first candidate pilot feature information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length; the second candidate pilot feature information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length; At least one of the density of pilots, the number of pilots, or the length of pilots in the first candidate pilot feature information and the second candidate pilot feature information is different.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The method further comprises: The first terminal device receives information indicating an association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot characteristic information from the first network device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The pilot is a pilot among the pilots included in a first pilot set, and the first pilot set is associated with the first parameter; The method further comprises: The first terminal device receives pilot indication information from a first network device, where the pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set; The first terminal device determines the first pilot set according to the pilot indication information.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information is associated with the first parameter.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The first terminal device acquiring a pilot signal includes: The first terminal device receives information indicating the pilot from the first network device; The first terminal device determines the pilot based on the information indicating the pilot.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The method further comprises at least one of the following: The first terminal device receives, from a first network device, unicast, multicast, or broadcast information indicating a channel state between a second terminal device and the first network device; The first terminal device receives unicast or multicast channel status information indicating a channel between the second terminal device and the first network device from the second terminal device; The first terminal device sends, to the second terminal device, channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device; or The first terminal device multicasts channel state information between the first terminal device and the first network device to terminal devices in a first terminal device group.

9. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: The first network device obtains a pilot, where the pilot is associated with a first parameter, where the first parameter includes at least one of the number of network devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, the number of terminal devices in a location where the first terminal device is applicable, a density of terminal devices in the location where the first terminal device is applicable, size information of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a scene type of the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a channel type corresponding to the location where the first terminal device is applicable, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold; The first network device communicates with the first terminal device according to the pilot.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein The pilot is a pilot among the pilots included in the first pilot set; The first pilot set is associated with the first pilot characteristic information; The first pilot characteristic information includes: at least one of density, number or length of pilots in the first pilot set; The first pilot characteristic information is associated with the first parameter.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein The first pilot characteristic information is one of a plurality of candidate pilot characteristic information; The candidate pilot feature information includes first candidate pilot feature information and second candidate pilot feature information; the first candidate pilot feature information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length; the second candidate pilot feature information includes at least one of pilot density, number of pilots, or pilot length; At least one of the density of pilots, the number of pilots, or the length of pilots in the first candidate pilot feature information and the second candidate pilot feature information is different.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device sends information indicating an association relationship between the first parameter and the first pilot feature information to the first terminal device.

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein: The pilot is a pilot among the pilots included in a first pilot set, and the first pilot set is associated with the first parameter; The method further comprises: The first network device sends pilot indication information to the first terminal device, where the pilot indication information indicates the first pilot set.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein The number of bits occupied by the pilot indication information is associated with the first parameter.

15. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device sends information indicating the pilot to the first terminal device.

16. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network device unicasts, multicasts or broadcasts channel state information between the first network device and the first terminal device; and / or, The first network device unicasts, multicasts, or broadcasts channel state information between the first network device and the second terminal device.

17. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquiring channel state information between a plurality of terminal devices and a plurality of network devices; determining, based on the channel state information, second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter, the second pilot characteristic information including a number of pilots and pilot allocation information, the pilot allocation information indicating a manner in which pilots of the number of pilots are allocated among the multiple terminal devices, the first parameter including at least one of a number of network devices within an applicable location of the first terminal device, a number of terminal devices within an applicable location of the first terminal device, a density of terminal devices within the applicable location, size information of the applicable location, a scenario type of the applicable location, a channel type corresponding to the applicable location, a data transmission rate threshold, a data transmission delay threshold, a data transmission bit error rate threshold, or a data transmission reliability threshold; Determining a first number of terminal devices that meet a preset rate requirement value based on the second pilot characteristic information; When the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter is updated to obtain the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein The second pilot characteristic information indicates that there are at least two terminals, and the at least two terminals multiplex one pilot.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein: When the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, updating the second pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter to obtain the first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter includes: When the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, the number of pilots indicated by the second pilot characteristic information is increased to obtain the first pilot characteristic information.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein The step of increasing the number of pilots indicated by the second pilot characteristic information to obtain the first pilot characteristic information when the first number is less than a preset user number threshold includes: When the first number is less than a preset user number threshold, for a first terminal device that does not meet the rate requirement value, the second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device reuse the same pilot; Setting a first requirement, wherein the first requirement indicates that the first terminal device and the second terminal device cannot reuse the same pilot; One or more iterations are performed according to the first requirement until a preset iteration stop condition is met, thereby obtaining first pilot characteristic information associated with the first parameter.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein The second pilot characteristic information indicates that the first terminal device multiplexes the first pilot with multiple third terminal devices; The second terminal device is a third terminal device that is physically closest to the first terminal device among the plurality of third terminal devices.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein: The preset iteration stopping condition includes at least one of the following: The number of terminal devices that meet the preset rate requirement value is not less than the preset user number threshold; The difference between the current number of pilots and the initial number of pilots is greater than a preset value; or, The number of iterations is greater than the preset number of iterations.

23. A communication device, characterized in that: comprising a communication interface and at least one processor, wherein the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected via a line; The communication interface is used to input and / or output signaling or data; The processor is configured to execute a computer-executable program so that the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22 is executed.

24. A communication device, characterized in that: including processor and memory, The memory is used to store computer programs or instructions; The processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction in the memory, so that the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22 is performed.

25. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processing unit and a communication unit, wherein the processing unit is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22 through the communication unit.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are called by a computer, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22 is executed.

27. A chip system, characterized in that: The chip system includes at least one processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit and the at least one processor are interconnected via lines. The processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22 by running instructions.

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