Small potato seeding device driven by agricultural vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an innovative and practical small-sized potato seeding device driven by an agricultural vehicle. The small-sized potato seeding device adopts a hollow steel pipe rack as a main body, a traction interface of the agricultural vehicle is reserved at the foremost end of the rack, a ditching device is arranged at the bottom of the rack, a fertilizer feeding device is arranged at the front end of the rack, and a transmission device is arranged in the middle of the rack. A seeding mechanism, a claw-containing seed taking spoon, a seed box and a seeding transmission device are integrated at the middle rear end. Wherein the concave arc section curve of the claw type seed taking spoon is designed based on the brachistochrone principle, so that stable adsorption and release of seed potatoes during seed taking can be ensured. A ridging and pressing device is further arranged at the tail end of the machine frame. The machine is compact in structure, integrates the whole processes of ditching, fertilizing, seeding, ridging, pressing and the like, and can ensure the consistency and uniformity of fertilizing and seeding. Due to the miniaturized design and the application of the claw-type seed taking spoons, the seeding flexibility and economy are greatly improved, the potato seeding efficiency of small-sized farmers and small-sized agricultural lands can be remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the cost is effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a single-ridge double-row potato planter driven by a small agricultural vehicle, belonging to the technical field of agricultural production. Background Art

[0002] Potato is a highly adaptable herb that is not only widely planted but also rich in nutrients. It is the second staple food in many countries. Faced with the challenges of agricultural development in my country, agricultural mechanization has become an important way to improve production efficiency and the quality of agricultural products. As the core equipment of agricultural mechanization, the performance of the seeder is directly related to the yield and quality of crops. However, traditional large-scale potato seeders are often difficult to adapt to small farmlands or relatively backward economic areas due to their inflexible operation, high investment costs and difficult maintenance.

[0003] Therefore, the optimization design of small potato planters is particularly urgent. Compared with large machines, small machines pay more attention to economy. Their lightweight and miniaturized design reduces the purchase and maintenance costs, and they are flexible to adapt to various farmland sizes, especially suitable for small farmers and complex terrains. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized and highly economical potato planter to solve the above-mentioned existing problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a single-row and double-row potato planter driven by an agricultural vehicle, comprising: a frame (1), a furrowing device (2), a fertilizer discharge device (3), a transmission device (4), a sowing mechanism (5) and a ridging and pressing device (6) arranged in sequence along the length direction of the frame (1).

[0006] The sowing mechanism (5) comprises a sowing driving sprocket (29), a sowing transmission shaft (22), a sowing driven sprocket (24), a driven sprocket shaft (23), a sowing chain (25), a claw-type seed taking spoon (26), a seed guide cover (28) and a seed box (27); the seed box (27) is mounted on the sowing fixed bracket; the sowing transmission shaft (22) is mounted on the sowing fixed bracket through a sowing bearing unit (34), on which a sowing driving sprocket (29) and a driven pulley (19) of a transmission device (4) are mounted; the driven sprocket shaft (23) is mounted on the sowing fixed bracket through a sowing bearing unit (34), on which a sowing driven sprocket (24) is mounted; the sowing driving sprocket (29) and the sowing driven sprocket (24) are connected through a sowing chain (25) and are located in the same vertical direction.

[0007] The claw-type seed scoop (26) of the sowing mechanism (5) is different from the traditional round basket-shaped seed scoop. The "fastest descent line" principle is used to design its inclination angle to be 58°, which can better adapt to the shape of the seed potatoes, effectively reduce the problem of re-seeding that is prone to occur in the traditional round basket-shaped seed scoop, and improve the economic efficiency of sowing.

[0008] The claw-type seeding spoons (26) of the sowing mechanism (5) are evenly and staggeredly installed on the sowing chain (25), and the sowing spacing is accurately controlled by the second transmission device of the transmission device (4).

[0009] The transmission device (4) comprises a first transmission device, a second transmission device, a ground wheel shaft (12), a ground wheel (13) and a bearing unit (14); the first transmission device comprises a driving sprocket (15), a driven sprocket (16), a chain (21) and a housing (17); the second transmission device comprises a driving pulley (18), a driven pulley (19) and a transmission belt (20).

[0010] The transmission device (4) has a ground wheel shaft (12) installed in the middle of the frame (1), fixed to the frame (1) through a bearing unit (14), and its two ends are connected to the ground wheel (13). The ground wheel (13) is driven to rotate the ground wheel shaft (12), thereby rotating the driving sprocket (15) and the driving pulley (18) fixed on the ground wheel shaft (12), thereby realizing power transmission.

[0011] The first transmission device is connected to the fertilizer discharge device (3) through the chain (21), and the driven sprocket (16) is installed on the fertilizer discharge transmission shaft (11) to transmit the power of the ground axle (12) through the chain (21).

[0012] The second transmission device is connected to the sowing mechanism (5) through the transmission belt (20), and the driven pulley (19) is installed on the sowing transmission shaft (22) to transmit the power of the wheel shaft (12) through the belt drive.

[0013] When the ground wheel (13) rolls counterclockwise, the sowing transmission shaft (22) also rotates counterclockwise, driving the pulley on the sowing transmission shaft (22) to rotate accordingly, driving the sowing active sprocket (29) to rotate, at this time, the claw-type seed taking spoon (26) fixed on the sowing chain (25) moves upward from the lower end of the seed box (27) to complete the seed taking action, climbs over the sowing driven sprocket (24) and completes the sowing work through the seed guide cover (28).

[0014] The fertilizer discharging device (3) mainly consists of a fertilizer box (9), a fertilizer discharging device (10) and a fertilizer discharging transmission shaft (11); two through holes are reserved at the bottom of the fertilizer box (9) for mounting the fertilizer discharging device (10); wherein the fertilizer discharging device (10) is connected to the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft (11); when the transmission device (4) drives the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft (11) to rotate, the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft (11) drives the fertilizer discharging device (10) to rotate, thereby realizing quantitative fertilization.

[0015] The furrowing device (2) is installed at the bottom of the front end of the frame (1) and fixed by bolts; the furrowing device (2) consists of a furrowing device bracket (7) and a furrowing plowshare (8); one end of the furrowing device bracket (7) is connected to a fixed position at the bottom of the front end of the frame (1) by bolts, and the other end is also connected and fixed to the furrowing plowshare (8) by bolts.

[0016] The furrow opener bracket (7) is provided with a plurality of bolt holes along the length direction for adjusting the furrow opening depth.

[0017] The furrowing fertilizer device (2) is arranged in the same straight line direction as the two through holes of the fertilizer box (9) and the two seed guide covers (28) of the seed box (27), thereby ensuring accurate furrowing and sowing.

[0018] The ridging and suppressing device (6) comprises a suppressing fixed frame (30), a suppressing wheel (31), a suppressing wheel bracket (35), a soil covering fixed frame (32) and a soil covering device (33); the suppressing fixed frame (30) is fixed to the rear end of the frame (1) at both sides by bolts, a section of the suppressing wheel bracket (35) is fixed in the middle by bolts, and the other end of the suppressing wheel bracket (35) is connected to the suppressing wheel (31); the soil covering fixed frame (32) is also fixed to the rear end of the frame (1) by bolts, and the soil covering device (33) is fixed in the middle by bolts; the suppressing wheel (31) is installed at the rear of the frame (1), and the soil covering device (33) is symmetrically installed on both sides of the suppressing wheel (31).

[0019] The ridging and pressing device (6) has a pressing wheel bracket (35) and a soil covering device (33) provided with a plurality of adjustment holes along the length direction for adjusting the height of the ridging and pressing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Right sectional view of;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention and an agricultural vehicle;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a front view of the transmission device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a right sectional view of the transmission device;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a front view of the sowing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a right sectional view of the sowing mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the seed taking spoon of the sowing mechanism;

[0031] Fig.10 A top view of a seed scoop of a sowing mechanism;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a front view of the fertilizer discharging device of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a top view of the fertilizer discharge device;

[0034] Fig.13 A top view of the ridging and suppressing device of the present invention;

[0035] Explanation of reference numbers: 1-frame, 2-ditching device, 3-fertilizer discharge device, 4-transmission device, 5-seeding mechanism, 6-ridge pressing device, 7-ditching device bracket, 8-ditching device plowshare, 9-fertilizer box, 10-fertilizer discharger, 11-fertilizer discharge transmission shaft, 12-ground wheel shaft, 13-ground wheel, 14-bearing unit, 15-driving sprocket, 16-driven sprocket, 17-housing, 18-driving pulley, 19 -driven pulley, 20-transmission belt, 21-chain, 22-seeding transmission shaft, 23-driven sprocket shaft, 24-seeding driven sprocket, 25-seeding chain, 26-claw type seed spoon, 27-seed box, 28-seed guide cover, 29-seeding active sprocket, 30-suppression fixing frame, 31-suppression wheel, 32-soil covering fixing frame, 33-soil covering device, 34-seeding bearing unit, 35-suppression wheel bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-3 As shown, a small potato sowing device driven by an agricultural vehicle includes a frame 1, a furrowing device 2, a fertilizer discharge device 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a sowing mechanism 5, and a ridging and suppressing mechanism 6; wherein the furrowing device 2, the fertilizer discharge device 3, the transmission mechanism 4, the sowing mechanism 5, and the ridging and suppressing mechanism 6 are all installed on the frame 1.

[0040] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the transmission device 4 includes a first transmission device and a second transmission device, a ground wheel shaft 12, a ground wheel 13 and a bearing unit 14; the first transmission device is a chain drive, which includes a driving sprocket 15, a driven sprocket 16, a housing 17 and a chain 21; the second transmission device is a belt drive, which includes a driving pulley 18, a driven pulley 19 and a transmission belt 20; wherein the bearing unit 14 is mounted on the frame 1, the ground wheel shaft 12 is mounted on the bearing unit 14, and the two ground wheels 13 are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the ground wheel shaft 12.

[0041] like Figure 5-6As shown, the ground wheel 13 drives the ground wheel shaft 12 and the driving pulley 18 thereon to rotate counterclockwise, and the driving pulley 18 drives the transmission belt 20 to move, thereby driving the driven pulley 19 to rotate, and the driven pulley 19 rotates to drive the sowing mechanism 5 to complete the potato planting.

[0042] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the sowing mechanism 5 includes a sowing active sprocket 29, a sowing transmission shaft 22, a sowing driven sprocket 24, a driven sprocket shaft 23, a sowing chain 25, a claw-type seed spoon 26, a seed guide cover 28 and a seed box 27; the sowing transmission shaft 22 and the sowing driven sprocket shaft 23 are respectively installed on the upper and lower ends of the sowing fixed bracket through the sowing bearing unit 34, and the seed box 27 is also fixed to the sowing fixed bracket through bolt connection, and the sowing fixed bracket is welded to the frame 1; the active sprocket 15 and the driven sprocket 16 are respectively installed on the sowing transmission shaft 22 and the driven sprocket shaft 23 through key connection.

[0043] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the seed box 27 is funnel-shaped, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom to ensure that the seed potatoes can flow naturally in the box.

[0044] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the ground wheel 13 rotates through the transmission device 4 to drive the sowing transmission shaft 22 to rotate, and the sowing active sprocket 29 fixed on the sowing transmission shaft 22 rotates accordingly. The sowing active sprocket 29 is connected to the sowing driven sprocket 24 through the sowing chain 25. The sowing active sprocket 29 drives the sowing chain 25 to move, thereby driving the sowing driven sprocket 24 to rotate.

[0045] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the sowing active sprocket 29 and the sowing driven sprocket 24 are located in the same vertical direction, and the claw-type seed scoop 26 is fixed to the sowing chain 25 by bolt connection. The sowing sprocket rotates counterclockwise and drives the claw-type seed scoop 26 to move from bottom to top inside the seed box 27 to capture potato seed potatoes. As the sowing chain 25 moves, the captured seed potatoes successively pass over the sowing driven sprocket 24 and enter the seed guide cover 28, and are finally dropped into the seed furrow to complete sowing.

[0046] like Figure 9-10 As shown, the claw-type seed scoop 26 of the sowing mechanism 5 is innovatively designed based on the "fastest descent line principle", which can better adapt to seed potatoes of various shapes, increase the stability of the seed potatoes in the sowing mechanism 5, reduce the possibility of rolling and overlapping of the seed potatoes in the seed scoop, and effectively reduce the probability of re-sowing potato seed potatoes, greatly improving the adaptability and economy of sowing.

[0047] like Figure 11-12As shown, the fertilizer discharging device 3 includes a fertilizer box 9, a fertilizer discharging transmission shaft 11 and a fertilizer discharging device 10. The driving sprocket 15 fixed thereon rotates by rotating the ground wheel shaft 12, driving the chain 21 to move and then driving the driven sprocket 16 fixed on the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft 11 to rotate. The fertilizer discharging device 10 is fixed to the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft 11 through a flat key connection, and rotates synchronously with the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft 11 to perform fertilizer discharging. The fertilizer box 9 is connected to the frame 1 by bolts. The fertilizer box 9 is funnel-shaped, and a small opening is set at the bottom. Fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharging device 10 from the upper opening of the fertilizer discharging device 10. The fertilizer discharging device 10 rotates with the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft 11. When the fertilizer is transferred to the fertilizer discharging port below the fertilizer box 9 with the fertilizer discharging device 10, the fertilizer falls naturally to complete the fertilization.

[0048] like Fig.13 As shown, the ridging and suppressing device 6 includes a suppressing fixed frame 30, a suppressing wheel 31, a suppressing wheel bracket 35, a soil covering fixed frame 32 and a soil covering device 33; both sides of the suppressing fixed frame 30 are threadedly connected to the rear end of the frame 1, and the suppressing wheel bracket 35 is fixed to the middle part with bolts; both sides of the soil covering fixed frame 32 are also threadedly connected to the rear end of the frame 1, and the soil covering device 33 is fixed to the middle part with bolts; the suppressing wheel 31 is installed on the suppressing wheel bracket 35, and the soil covering device 33 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the suppressing wheel 31.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressing wheel bracket 35 of the ridging and pressing device 6 and the bracket of the soil covering device 33 are provided with a plurality of adjustment holes along their length direction for adjusting the height of ridging and pressing of the small potato planting device.

[0050] The workflow of the present invention is as follows Figure 4As shown: First, mount the small potato sowing device on the pull rod of the agricultural vehicle and ensure that the locking pin is firmly locked. When the agricultural vehicle starts to move forward, the power is transmitted to the potato sowing machine through the traction joint, pulling it forward synchronously. The furrowing device 2 at the front end of the sowing machine opens a planting furrow in the soil. At the same time, the ground wheel 13 rolls forward, driving the ground wheel shaft 12 connected thereto to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the ground wheel shaft 12 drives the fertilizer discharge device 3 to work through the first transmission device, and distributes power to the sowing mechanism 5 through the second transmission device. On the one hand, the power is transmitted to the driven sprocket 16 on the fertilizer discharge transmission shaft 11 (the two are connected by a key to achieve synchronous rotation), and then drives the fertilizer discharger 10 (fixed on the fertilizer discharge transmission shaft 11) to rotate, so that the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 9 falls into the furrow opened by the furrowing device 2 through the fertilizer discharger 10 during the travel process. On the other hand, the power of the agricultural vehicle is transmitted to the sowing transmission shaft 22 through the ground wheel shaft 12 through the belt drive, driving it to rotate. The sowing active sprocket 29 (connected to the sowing transmission shaft 22 through a flat key) rotates with the rotation of the sowing transmission shaft 22, thereby driving the sowing chain 25 to move. The sowing chain 25 is fixed with staggered claw-type seed scoops 26, which enter the opening at the bottom of the seed box 27 in a counterclockwise direction, obtain potato seed potatoes and stir the seed potato group in the seed box. With the movement of the sowing chain 25, the captured seed potatoes pass over the sowing driven sprocket 24 in turn and enter the seed guide cover 28, and are finally put into the seed furrow to complete the sowing. The soil cover 33 at the rear of the frame 1 can adjust the height as needed to gather the soil above the planting furrow to achieve soil covering and soil ridge treatment of the seed potatoes. Subsequently, the pressing wheel 31 compacts the ridge body to complete the ridge pressing and shaping process. Through the above process, the forward movement of the agricultural vehicle can drive the potato planter to complete a series of operations such as furrowing, fertilizing, sowing, covering and pressing.

[0051] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A small potato sowing device driven by an agricultural vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a furrowing device (2), a fertilizer discharge device (3), a transmission device (4), a sowing mechanism (5) and a ridging and pressing device (6).

2. The small potato planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is welded from a hollow steel pipe, and a traction interface for an agricultural vehicle is reserved at the front section; a mounting groove for a ditching device (2) is designed at the bottom of the front section; a fertilizer discharge fixing bracket is welded to the middle part of the frame (1) near the front end, and a mounting hole for a fertilizer box (9) in the fertilizer discharge device (3) is arranged on the bracket; a mounting hole for a bearing unit (14) is arranged in the middle part of the frame (1); a sowing fixing bracket is welded to the middle part of the frame (1) near the rear end, and a fixing hole for a seed box (27) in a sowing mechanism (5) is arranged on the bracket; and mounting holes for a soil cover (33) and a pressing wheel (31) are reserved at the rear end.

3. The small potato planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrowing device (2) is composed of a furrowing device support (7) and a furrowing plowshare (8). The furrowing device support (7) is provided with an adjustment hole for adjusting the furrowing depth. The furrowing device (2) is fixed to the bottom of the front section of the frame (1) by bolt connection.

4. The small potato planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharging device (3) mainly consists of a fertilizer box (9), a fertilizer discharging device (10) and a fertilizer discharging transmission shaft (11). The fertilizer discharging device (10) is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box (9) and is driven to rotate by the fertilizer discharging transmission shaft (11). The fertilizer box (9) is fixed to a fertilizer discharging fixing bracket by bolts.

5. The small potato planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device (4) comprises a first transmission device, a second transmission device, a ground wheel shaft (12), a ground wheel (13) and a bearing unit (14); the first transmission device comprises a driving sprocket (15), a driven sprocket (16), a chain (21) and a housing (17); the second transmission device comprises a driving pulley (18), a driven pulley (19) and a transmission belt (20).

6. The transmission device (4) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bearing unit (14) is mounted on the frame (1) by bolts, the ground wheel shaft (12) is mounted on the bearing unit (14) and symmetrically connected to two ground wheels (13) at the left and right ends, the driving sprocket (15) and the driving pulley (18) are fixed on the ground wheel shaft (12) by key connection; the driven sprocket (16) is mounted on the fertilizer discharge transmission shaft (11), and the driven pulley (19) is mounted on the sowing transmission shaft (22).

7. The small potato planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing mechanism (5) comprises a sowing driving sprocket (29), a sowing transmission shaft (22), a sowing driven sprocket (24), a driven sprocket shaft (23), a sowing chain (25), a claw-type seeding spoon (26), a seed guide cover (28) and a seed box (27). The sowing transmission shaft (22) and the driven sprocket shaft (23) are respectively mounted on a sowing fixed bracket through a sowing bearing unit (34); the sowing driving sprocket (29) and the sowing driven sprocket (24) are respectively mounted on the sowing transmission shaft (22) and the driven sprocket shaft (23) through a key connection; the sowing driving sprocket (29) and the sowing driven sprocket (24) are connected through a sowing chain (25), and the sowing driving sprocket (29) drives the sowing chain (25) to move, thereby driving the sowing driven sprocket (24) to rotate; the sowing driving sprocket (29) and the sowing driven sprocket (24) are located in the same vertical direction.

8. The sowing mechanism (5) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The claw-type seeding spoon (26) is fixed on two rows of sowing chains (25) in a staggered distribution, and the seeding spoon is designed based on the principle of "fastest descent line" intercept curve, and its inclination angle is 58°.

9. The small potato planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridging and suppressing device (6) comprises a suppressing fixed frame (30), a suppressing wheel (31), a soil covering fixed frame (32) and a soil covering device (33). The two sides of the suppressing fixed frame (30) are connected to the rear end of the frame (1) by threads, and the suppressing wheel (31) is fixed in the middle by bolts; the two sides of the soil covering fixed frame (32) are also connected to the rear end of the frame (1) by threads, and the soil covering device (33) is fixed in the middle by bolts; the soil covering device (33) is symmetrically installed on the two sides of the suppressing wheel (31).

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