Hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge of a jaw crusher

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hydraulic systems of jaw crusher discharge port adjustment, jaw crusher discharge port is located between movable jaw and fixed jaw, the frame of jaw crusher is also provided with knee plate and tensioning device, knee plate is connected with movable jaw, for adjusting the size of jaw crusher discharge port, tensioning device is used to adjust the degree of fit between movable jaw and knee plate;Hydraulic system is used to adjust knee plate and tensioning device to dynamically adjust feed inlet;Hydraulic system includes: knee plate adjustment circuit, for adjusting the position of knee plate;Pressure charging circuit, for maintaining the pressure of hydraulic system;Circulating cooling circuit, for cooling tensioning device.The application can calibrate discharge port according to displacement sensor when jaw crusher is working, and display discharge port;Automatic adjust tensioning device to preset state;Through circulating oil cooling oil cylinder, ensure that tensioning oil cylinder runs reliably, greatly improve the efficiency of crusher operation;When maintaining, movable jaw can be lifted, and knee plate is conveniently taken out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of jaw crushers, and particularly to a hydraulic system and control method for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Jaw crushers are widely used in mining, aggregate and other industries to crush various ores and large materials. The size of the crusher's discharge port is a key factor in determining the particle size of the crushed product.

[0003] The moving jaw of the crusher is connected to the machine frame via a bearing housing, suspending the moving jaw within the machine body. A device for adjusting the discharge opening size is installed at the rear of the machine body; specifically, a pair of wedges are mounted behind the toggle plate seat. Changing the relative position of the wedges alters the thickness of the wedge assembly, thereby adjusting the discharge opening size. Furthermore, to prevent the toggle plate from detaching and to provide cushioning, the crusher is also equipped with a tensioning device.

[0004] Currently, the discharge port size is mainly adjusted using two methods: mechanical and hydraulic. Mechanical adjustment is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, and has been gradually phased out. Hydraulic adjustment is fast, safe, and highly mechanized, but still suffers from problems such as needing to stop the machine during adjustment and relatively low efficiency. Discharge port adjustments typically lack a size display, requiring the addition of a discharge port display function; the toggle plate's passive jaw is difficult to replace; and the high-frequency movement of the tensioning cylinder necessitates addressing the high-temperature issue of the tensioning cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher, which can be used for the calibration and adjustment of the discharge port of a jaw crusher.

[0006] A hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher is disclosed. The discharge port of the jaw crusher is located between a movable jaw and a fixed jaw. The frame of the jaw crusher is also equipped with an toggle plate and a tensioning device. The toggle plate is connected to the movable jaw and is used to adjust the size of the discharge port of the jaw crusher. The tensioning device is used to adjust the fit between the movable jaw and the toggle plate. The hydraulic system is characterized in that it is used to adjust the toggle plate and the tensioning device to dynamically adjust the feed opening.

[0007] The hydraulic system includes:

[0008] Elbow plate adjustment circuit, used to adjust the position of the elbow plate;

[0009] The pressurization circuit is used to maintain the pressure of the hydraulic system;

[0010] A circulating cooling circuit is used to cool the tensioning device.

[0011] Furthermore, the elbow plate is positioned by a pair of wedges;

[0012] The elbow plate adjustment circuit includes, in sequence, a motor, a hydraulic pump, a suction filter, a high-pressure filter, a wedge adjustment cylinder, a displacement sensor, a tensioning cylinder, an accumulator, a pressure gauge, and a pressure sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the elbow plate adjustment circuit is equipped with a flow divider valve to ensure that the two wedges are at the same distance from the center of the crusher body after adjustment.

[0014] Furthermore, the elbow plate adjustment circuit is equipped with a two-way hydraulic lock to prevent leakage in the adjustment circuit.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressurization circuit is equipped with a pressure sensor to monitor the oil pressure of the tensioning cylinder in real time. When the oil pressure changes, the circuit switches to pressurization, depressurization, or stop state according to the set program.

[0016] The pressurization circuit is equipped with an electromagnetic check valve, which serves as a channel for forward pressurization and reverse pressure release.

[0017] The pressurization circuit is equipped with a safety valve as a backup channel in case of pressure relief;

[0018] The pressurization circuit is equipped with an accumulator to maintain the oil pressure in the rod chamber of the tensioning cylinder;

[0019] A pressure sensor is installed at the oil pump outlet for calibration of the discharge port.

[0020] Furthermore, the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder is equipped with an unloading solenoid check valve and a check valve for elbow plate replacement and circulating oil control; when the tensioning cylinder is circulating oil for cooling, oil enters from one oil port of the rodless chamber and returns from the other oil port; a cooler is installed on the oil return line of the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder for cooling the circulating oil.

[0021] Furthermore, the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder is equipped with a one-way valve for drawing oil from the oil tank;

[0022] Furthermore, the wedge adjustment cylinder is equipped with a displacement sensor for calibration and display of the discharge port.

[0023] Furthermore, the hydraulic system is equipped with three operating modes: manual adjustment mode, automatic pressurization mode, and maintenance mode.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that, during the operation of the jaw crusher, the discharge port can be calibrated according to the displacement sensor and the tensioning device can be automatically adjusted to the preset state; the oil cylinder is cooled by circulating oil to ensure the reliable operation of the tensioning cylinder, which greatly improves the operating efficiency of the crusher; and the moving jaw can be lifted up during maintenance to facilitate the removal of the toggle plate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Suction filter, 2. Electric motor, 3. Hydraulic pump, 4. High-pressure filter, 5. Solenoid unloading valve, 6. Adjusting solenoid directional valve, 7. Two-way hydraulic lock, 8. First diverter valve, 9. Pressure sensor, 10. Displacement sensor, 11. Wedge adjusting cylinder, 12. Accumulator, 13. Tensioning cylinder, 14. Pressure gauge, 15. Safety valve, 16. First solenoid check valve, 17. Diverter valve, 18. Second solenoid check valve, 19. Pressurizing solenoid directional valve, 20. First check valve, 21. Second check valve, 22. Relief valve, 23. Cooler. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Reference Figure 1 A hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher is disclosed. The discharge port of the jaw crusher is located between a movable jaw and a fixed jaw. The frame of the jaw crusher is also equipped with an elbow plate and a tensioning device. The elbow plate is connected to the movable jaw and is used to adjust the size of the discharge port of the jaw crusher. The tensioning device is used to adjust the fit between the movable jaw and the elbow plate. The hydraulic system is characterized in that it is used to adjust the elbow plate and the tensioning device to dynamically adjust the feed opening.

[0028] The hydraulic system includes:

[0029] Elbow plate adjustment circuit, used to adjust the position of the elbow plate;

[0030] The pressurization circuit is used to maintain the pressure of the hydraulic system;

[0031] A circulating cooling circuit is used to cool the tensioning device.

[0032] Furthermore, the elbow plate is positioned by a pair of wedges;

[0033] The elbow plate adjustment circuit includes, in sequence, a motor 2, a hydraulic pump 3, an oil suction filter 1, a high-pressure filter 4, a wedge adjustment cylinder 11, a displacement sensor 10, a tensioning cylinder 13, an accumulator 12, a pressure gauge 14, and a pressure sensor 9.

[0034] Furthermore, the pressurization circuit is also equipped with an electromagnetic unloading valve 5 and an overflow valve 22.

[0035] Furthermore, the elbow plate adjustment circuit is equipped with a first diversion valve 8 to ensure that the two wedges are at the same distance from the center of the crusher body after adjustment.

[0036] Furthermore, the elbow plate adjustment circuit is equipped with a two-way hydraulic lock to prevent leakage in the adjustment circuit.

[0037] Furthermore, the pressurization circuit is equipped with a pressure sensor 9 to monitor the oil pressure of the tensioning cylinder in real time. When the oil pressure changes, the circuit switches to pressurization, depressurization, or stop state according to the set program.

[0038] The pressurization circuit is equipped with an electromagnetic check valve 16, which serves as a channel for forward pressurization and reverse pressure relief.

[0039] The pressurization circuit is equipped with a safety valve 15 as a backup channel for depressurization.

[0040] The pressurization circuit is equipped with an accumulator 12, which can maintain the oil pressure in the rod chamber of the tensioning cylinder;

[0041] A pressure sensor is installed at the oil pump outlet for calibration of the discharge port.

[0042] Furthermore, the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder 13 is equipped with an unloading solenoid check valve 16 and a check valve for elbow plate replacement and circulating oil control; when the tensioning cylinder is circulating oil for cooling, oil enters from one oil port of the rodless chamber and returns from the other oil port; a cooler is installed on the return oil line of the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder 13 for cooling the circulating oil.

[0043] Furthermore, the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder 13 is equipped with a one-way valve for drawing oil from the oil tank;

[0044] Furthermore, the wedge adjustment cylinder 11 is equipped with a displacement sensor 10 for calibration and display of the discharge port.

[0045] Furthermore, the hydraulic system is equipped with three operating modes: manual adjustment mode, automatic pressurization mode, and maintenance mode.

[0046] This invention features three operating modes: manual adjustment mode, automatic pressurization mode, and maintenance mode. It employs PLC electrical control.

[0047] Manual adjustment mode: This mode is used for crusher shutdown and maintenance. Hydraulic pump 3 and each solenoid valve can be operated individually by buttons, and the action of each oil cylinder can be controlled separately.

[0048] Automatic pressurization mode: After activating this mode, the tension cylinder 13 is pressurized to the specified value before the crusher can start. (Manual adjustment is disabled in this mode.) When pressure sensor 9 detects a pressure lower than P1, motor 2 operates, and hydraulic pump 3 starts to supply oil to the hydraulic system. At this time, electromagnets DT3 and DT5 are energized, and pressurized oil is supplied to tension cylinder 13 via the pressurization solenoid directional valve, the second diverter valve 17, and the solenoid check valve 16. When pressure sensor 9 detects a pressure reaching P2, electromagnets DT3 and DT5 are de-energized, cutting off the pressurization circuit. After 5 seconds, motor 2 is de-energized, and hydraulic pump 3 stops operating. If the pressurization time exceeds 3 minutes without reaching the set pressure, the system will activate an alarm (only alarm, not stop pressurization), indicating a hydraulic system malfunction and requiring the crusher to be stopped. When the crusher is operating, if pressure sensor 9 detects a pressure reaching P3, electromagnet DT6 or DT7 is energized, opening the pressure relief circuit and starting pressure relief. If the pressure relief circuit is blocked, safety valve 15 will open to relieve pressure. When pressure sensor 9 detects that the pressure reaches P2, electromagnet DT6 or DT7 is de-energized, cutting off the pressure relief circuit and stopping the pressure relief. When the main unit is running, the lubrication pump operates, electromagnet DT4 is energized, and hydraulic oil circulates in the tensioning cylinder 13 to cool it down. When the main unit is running, the lubrication pump is turned off, electromagnet DT4 is de-energized, and the tensioning cylinder 13 reciprocates, drawing oil from the oil tank through the second check valve 21 and returning it to the oil tank through the second solenoid check valve 18, the first check valve 20, and the cooler 23, thus cooling the tensioning cylinder 13.

[0049] Maintenance Mode: This mode must be activated when the discharge port needs to be calibrated. Pressing the "Reduce Discharge Port" button causes the wedge to move relative to the chuck under the traction of the adjusting cylinder, thus reducing the discharge port size. When the actual discharge port becomes zero, the pressure sensor 9 experiences a sharp change in pressure, at which point the program recalibrates the discharge port to zero. Pressing the "Reduce Discharge Port" button energizes electromagnets DT1 and DT3, and the pressurized oil flows through the adjusting solenoid directional valve 6, the two-way hydraulic lock 7, and the first diverter valve 8 to the rodless chamber of the wedge adjusting cylinder 11. Pressing the "Increase Discharge Port" button energizes electromagnets DT2 and DT3, and the pressurized oil flows to the rod chamber of the wedge adjusting cylinder 11. The PLC automatically calculates the adjusted discharge port size based on the changes in the displacement sensor 10 on the cylinder. When the hydraulic oil passes through the first diverter valve 8, the flow rate into both cylinders remains consistent. When the toggle plate needs to be replaced, pressing the "Push Up Moving Jaw" button energizes electromagnets DT3, DT4, DT6, DT7, and DT8, allowing the moving jaw to be lifted for easy replacement of the toggle plate.

[0050] It should be noted that the purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher, which can calibrate the discharge port according to the displacement sensor 10 and display the discharge port; and automatically adjust the tensioning device to a preset state; the oil cylinder is cooled by circulating oil to ensure reliable operation of the tensioning cylinder; and the moving jaw can be lifted up during maintenance to facilitate the removal of the toggle plate, which greatly improves the equipment maintenance efficiency.

Claims

1. A hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher, wherein the discharge port of the jaw crusher is located between a movable jaw and a fixed jaw, and the frame of the jaw crusher is further provided with an toggle plate and a tensioning device, the toggle plate being connected to the movable jaw for adjusting the size of the discharge port of the jaw crusher, and the tensioning device being used to adjust the fit between the movable jaw and the toggle plate; characterized in that, The hydraulic system is used to adjust the elbow plate and the tensioning device to dynamically adjust the discharge port; The hydraulic system includes: Elbow plate adjustment circuit, used to adjust the position of the elbow plate; The pressurization circuit is used to maintain the pressure of the hydraulic system. The pressurization circuit is equipped with a pressure sensor to monitor the oil pressure of the tensioning cylinder in real time. When the oil pressure changes, the circuit switches to pressurization, depressurization or stop state according to the set program. The pressurization circuit is equipped with an electromagnetic check valve, which serves as a channel for forward pressurization and reverse pressure release. The pressurization circuit is equipped with a safety valve as a backup channel in case of pressure relief; The pressurization circuit is equipped with an accumulator to maintain the oil pressure in the rod chamber of the tensioning cylinder; A pressure sensor is installed at the oil pump outlet for calibration of the discharge port; The rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder is equipped with a second electromagnetic check valve and a first check valve for toggle plate replacement and circulating oil control. When the tensioning cylinder is circulating oil for cooling, oil enters from one port of the rodless chamber and returns from the other port. A cooler is installed on the return oil line of the rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder for cooling the circulating oil. The rodless chamber of the tensioning cylinder is equipped with an oil suction check valve for drawing oil from the oil tank.

2. The hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elbow plate is positioned by a pair of wedges; The elbow plate adjustment circuit includes, in sequence, a motor, a hydraulic pump, a suction filter, a high-pressure filter, a wedge adjustment cylinder, a displacement sensor, a tensioning cylinder, an accumulator, a pressure gauge, and a pressure sensor.

3. The hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elbow plate adjustment circuit is equipped with a first diversion valve to ensure that the two wedges are at the same distance from the center of the crusher body after adjustment.

4. The hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elbow plate adjustment circuit is equipped with a two-way hydraulic lock to prevent leakage in the adjustment circuit.

5. The hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wedge adjustment cylinder is equipped with a displacement sensor for calibration and display of the discharge port.

6. The hydraulic system for adjusting the discharge port of a jaw crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic system is equipped with three working modes: manual adjustment mode, automatic pressurization mode, and maintenance mode.

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