Pre-chamber structure, ignition device, engine head, engine, and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a precombustion chamber structure, an ignition device, an engine cylinder cover, an engine and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of engines. The precombustion chamber structure comprises a body, a plurality of blocking pieces and a control device. A precombustion cavity is defined in the body, a plurality of injection holes are formed on the body, and the precombustion cavity is in communication with the outside of the body through the plurality of injection holes. The plurality of blocking pieces are respectively movably arranged at the plurality of injection holes to respectively open and close the plurality of injection holes. The control device is matched with the plurality of blocking pieces, and the control device is used for controlling the movement of the plurality of blocking pieces to adjust the opening number of the injection holes. In this way, the ignition energy of the precombustion chamber structure injected into the main combustion chamber is changed, the on-demand supply of the ignition energy is realized, the total discharge energy and discharge time of the spark plug in an engine operation period can be reduced, the service life of the spark plug is prolonged, the interval of the intake air amount when the engine maintains low fuel consumption is expanded, and the economic performance of the engine is better.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a pre-chamber structure, an ignition device, an engine cylinder head, an engine and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The high-performance ignition system of an engine requires reliability, low cost and minimum energy consumption. However, with the increase of discharge energy and duration, the service life of the spark plug is short and the energy efficiency is low in the traditional spark plug ignition system. In the prior art, the pre-chamber technology is set as an improved alternative, and the technical feature is that the engine cylinder is divided into a main combustion chamber and a pre-chamber, the spark plug is installed in the pre-chamber, and the flame in the pre-chamber enters the main combustion chamber through the injection hole after ignition and ignites the internal mixture. The jet flame generated by the pre-chamber forms a multi-point ignition effect in the main combustion chamber through multiple injection holes, which can greatly expand the lean combustion limit and improve the stability of flame propagation.

[0003] However, the existing pre-chamber technology only increases two new electrodes on the original spark plug electrode, increases the discharge energy by increasing the electrode, slightly increases the combustion temperature in the pre-chamber, and still cannot avoid the frequent discharge of the spark plug which causes high pressure and energy to easily cause electrode erosion and oxidation. Moreover, the pre-chamber technology involves a complex structure and high cost. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the first object of the present application is to provide a pre-chamber structure which can reduce the fuel consumption of an engine and improve the service life of the spark plug of the engine.

[0005] The second object of the present application is to provide an ignition device comprising the pre-chamber structure described above.

[0006] The third object of the present application is to provide an engine cylinder head comprising the ignition device described above.

[0007] The fourth object of the present application is to provide an engine comprising the engine cylinder head described above.

[0008] The fifth object of the present application is to provide a vehicle comprising the engine described above.

[0009] The pre-chamber structure according to the embodiment of the present application comprises: a body, a plurality of sealing members, the body defines a pre-combustion cavity therein, a plurality of injection holes are formed on the body, the pre-combustion cavity is in communication with the outside of the body through the plurality of injection holes, and the plurality of sealing members are movably arranged at the plurality of injection holes respectively to open and close the plurality of injection holes respectively.

[0010] According to the precombustion chamber structure of the embodiment of the present application, the number of open and closed injection holes is controlled by the number of blocking pieces, so that the number of open and closed injection holes can be adjusted according to the use environment, the ignition energy of the precombustion chamber structure in different working conditions is changed, the ignition energy is supplied on demand, the total discharge energy and discharge time of the spark plug during the engine operation period are reduced, the service life of the spark plug is improved, the interval of the intake air amount during which the engine maintains low fuel consumption is expanded, and the economic performance of the engine is better.

[0011] In some embodiments, the precombustion chamber structure further comprises a control device cooperating with the plurality of blocking pieces, the control device being configured to control the movement of the plurality of blocking pieces to adjust the number of open injection holes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control device controls the independent movement of the plurality of blocking pieces.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control device has a first control state, a second control state and a third control state, the number of open injection holes is N1 in the first control state, the number of open injection holes is N2 in the second control state, and the number of open injection holes is N3 in the third control state, wherein N1, N2 and N3 satisfy N1≥N2≥N3>0.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of blocking pieces are movably arranged in the precombustion cavity, and the plurality of blocking pieces are movable relative to the body between a closed position and an open position, the blocking piece blocks the corresponding injection hole to close the injection hole when the blocking piece is in the closed position, and the blocking piece is separated from the corresponding injection hole to open the injection hole when the blocking piece is in the open position.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed on the inner wall of the precombustion cavity, one end of the plurality of blocking pieces is movably fitted in the plurality of sliding grooves, and the other end of the plurality of blocking pieces is adapted to open and close the plurality of injection holes.

[0016] In some embodiments, the control device comprises a plurality of electromagnets and a plurality of permanent magnets, the plurality of electromagnets are arranged in the plurality of sliding grooves respectively, the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at the one end of the plurality of blocking pieces respectively, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding blocking piece to move towards the electromagnet to open the corresponding injection hole when the electromagnet is supplied with a first direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding blocking piece to move away from the electromagnet to close the corresponding injection hole when the electromagnet is supplied with a second direction current, and the first direction current and the second direction current are opposite in direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the control device further comprises a plurality of wires, and the plurality of electromagnets are electrically connected with the plurality of wires respectively.

[0018] In some embodiments, a plurality of wire grooves are formed on the body, the plurality of wire grooves are communicated with the plurality of sliding grooves respectively, and the plurality of wires are fitted in the plurality of wire grooves respectively.

[0019] In some embodiments, a guide rod is arranged in the sliding groove, and the one end of the blocking piece is movably arranged on the guide rod.

[0020] In some embodiments, the body and the guide rod are both made of non-magnetic material.

[0021] In some embodiments, an end surface of the other end of the blocking piece is matched with a shape of an inner wall surface of the body where the injection hole is formed.

[0022] In some embodiments, the plurality of injection holes are located at one end of the body, and an inner wall surface of the one end of the body is formed as an arc surface protruding away from the body.

[0023] According to the ignition device of the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the ignition device comprises: a pre-chamber structure and a spark plug, the pre-chamber structure is the pre-chamber structure of any one of the above embodiments, and the spark plug is arranged on the pre-chamber structure.

[0024] In some embodiments, one end of a body of the pre-chamber structure away from a plurality of injection holes of the pre-chamber structure is open, and the spark plug is fitted at the one end of the body away from the plurality of injection holes.

[0025] In some embodiments, the spark plug is threadedly connected with the body.

[0026] According to the engine cylinder head of the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the engine cylinder head comprises: a cylinder head body and an ignition device, the ignition device is the ignition device of any one of the above embodiments, and the ignition device is arranged on the cylinder head body.

[0027] In some embodiments, a pre-chamber structure of the ignition device is threadedly connected with the cylinder head body.

[0028] In some embodiments, the engine cylinder head further comprises: a gasket arranged between the pre-chamber structure and the cylinder head body.

[0029] According to the engine of the fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the engine comprises the engine cylinder head of any one of the above embodiments.

[0030] The vehicle according to the fifth aspect of the present application includes the engine according to the above-described embodiments.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the appended drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is a partial schematic view of an engine head according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic view of an assembly of a spark plug and a pre-chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic view of an assembly of a spark plug and a pre-chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic view of an assembly of a spark plug and a pre-chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0038] 1, engine head; 2, pre-chamber structure; 3, main combustion chamber; 4, spark plug; 5, head body; 501, mounting hole;

[0039] 10, body; 11, pre-chamber; 111, slide groove; 12, injection hole; 13, wire groove;

[0040] 20, blocking member;

[0041] 30, control device; 31, electromagnet; 32, permanent magnet; 33, wire;

[0042] 40, guide rod; 50, gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, which are exemplary embodiments of the present application, and the following Figures 1-4 The pre-chamber structure 2 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a body 10, a plurality of blocking members 20, and a control device 30.

[0044] Specifically, as Figures 1-4As shown, a pre-combustion chamber 11 is defined in the body 10, a plurality of injection holes 12 are formed on the body 10, the pre-combustion chamber 11 is in communication with the outside of the body 10 through the plurality of injection holes 12, and the outside of the body 10 can be the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine. A plurality of blocking members 20 are movably arranged at the plurality of injection holes 12 respectively to open and close the plurality of injection holes 12 respectively.

[0045] In the embodiment, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is arranged on the engine between the spark plug 4 and the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine. The pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is arranged at the end of the spark plug 4 facing the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is in communication with the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine, the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine enters the pre-combustion chamber 11 through the injection hole 12, and the mixture concentration in the pre-combustion chamber 11 is the same as that in the main combustion chamber 3. When the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber is ignited, the flame in the pre-combustion chamber enters the main combustion chamber 3 through the injection hole 12 to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 to provide power for the movement of the piston in the engine cylinder. The plurality of blocking members 20 are arranged in the pre-combustion chamber and can move towards and away from the injection hole 12 in the pre-combustion chamber, thereby opening and closing the injection hole 12 to adjust the opening and closing of the plurality of injection holes 12.

[0046] According to the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 of the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the number of the injection holes 12 opened and closed by the blocking member 20, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 can adjust the number of the injection holes 12 opened and closed according to the use environment, change the ignition energy of the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 injected into the main combustion chamber 3 under different working conditions, realize the on-demand supply of ignition energy, thereby reducing the total discharge energy and discharge time of the spark plug 4 during the engine operation period, improving the service life of the spark plug 4, expanding the range of the intake air amount when the engine maintains low fuel consumption, and making the economic performance of the engine more optimal.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The control device 30 cooperates with the plurality of blocking members 20, and the control device 30 is used to control the movement of the plurality of blocking members 20 to adjust the number of the injection holes 12 opened. That is, the control device 30 can control the movement of the blocking members 20 at different positions, and can control the number of the injection holes 12 opened and closed according to the actual use environment through the control device 30.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the pre-chamber structure 2 further comprises a control device 30, which controls the independent movement of the plurality of obturators 20 respectively. That is, each obturator 20 is connected with the control device 30 respectively, and the pre-chamber structure 2 can be selected according to the use environment of the engine. For example, when the engine load is high, the obturator 20 opens a smaller number of injection holes 12 to alleviate the possible knocking of the engine; when the engine load is low, the obturator 20 opens a larger number of injection holes 12 to facilitate the reduction of fuel consumption of the engine, so that the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 is fully burned. Thus, the independent movement of the plurality of obturators 20 can adjust the number of open and closed injection holes 12 according to different working conditions, so as to ensure the fuel economy of the engine while considering the stable output of power.

[0049] Optionally, the control device 30 has a first control state, a second control state and a third control state, the number of open injection holes 12 is N1 in the first control state, the number of open injection holes 12 is N2 in the second control state, and the number of open injection holes 12 is N3 in the third control state, wherein N1, N2 and N3 satisfy: N1≥N2≥N3>0.

[0050] For example, in the first control state, the number of open injection holes 12 is the largest. Here, taking the number of injection holes 12 in the pre-chamber as an example, when N1=6, the number of injection holes 12 in the pre-chamber is all open, the control device 30 controls the obturator 20 to move away from the injection hole 12 to open the injection hole 12, and the flame generated by ignition in the pre-chamber enters the main combustion chamber 3 from the plurality of injection holes 12 to ignite. Since the concentration of the mixture in the engine cylinder is low at this time, such as the air-fuel ratio being greater than 1, the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 needs a larger ignition amount, the control device 30 is in the first state, the pre-chamber injection hole 12 is fully open, the high-temperature mixture ignited in the pre-chamber enters the main combustion chamber 3 through the jet, the high-temperature mixture injected through the plurality of injection holes 12 generates turbulence in the main combustion chamber 3, which can avoid misfire, accelerate the combustion rate of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3, improve the fuel economy of the engine, reduce the discharge amount of the spark plug 4, reduce the discharge time of the spark plug 4, and increase the service life of the spark plug 4.

[0051] When the engine is in medium load, the control device 30 is in the second control state by identification and adjustment, such as N2=4. Since the concentration of the mixture in the engine cylinder is normal at this time, the air-fuel ratio at this time is equal to 1, and the ignition amount required by the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 is general, part of the injection holes 12 of the pre-chamber are opened, which not only ensures the speed of combustion and saves fuel consumption, but also ensures that the engine has good power output.

[0052] When the engine is under low load, the control device 30 adjusts to be in the third control state, such as N3=2, because the mixture concentration in the engine cylinder is high at this time, such as the air-fuel ratio in the cylinder is less than 1, the engine exhaust temperature is high, the knocking tendency is enhanced, the number of open injection holes 12 is reduced, the communication between the pre-chamber 11 and the main combustion chamber 3 is limited, the ignition energy is reduced, the engine knocking is alleviated, and the engine economy is improved.

[0053] Therefore, the control device 30 has different control states, and the control device 30 can adjust the control state in time according to the engine operating condition, so that the pre-chamber structure 2 can reasonably control the number of open injection holes 12 and control the amount of ignition energy in the pre-chamber into the main combustion chamber 3, so that the engine can ensure the power output while ensuring the economy under different operating conditions, so that the ignition energy in the pre-chamber of the engine can be supplied according to the required ignition energy in the main combustion chamber 3, and the purpose of reducing the engine motion cycle is achieved. At the same time, the service life of the spark plug 4 for igniting the mixture in the pre-chamber 11 can be increased, and the discharge time and discharge energy of the spark plug 4 can be reduced.

[0054] In some embodiments, the plurality of blocking members 20 are movable relative to the body 10 between a closed position and an open position, the blocking member 20 blocks the corresponding injection hole 12 to close the injection hole 12 when the blocking member 20 is in the closed position, and the blocking member 20 is separated from the corresponding injection hole 12 to open the injection hole 12 when the blocking member 20 is in the open position. That is, the control device 30 can control the blocking member 20 to move between the open position of opening the injection hole 12 and the closed position of closing the injection hole 12. Therefore, the blocking member 20 is movable between the open position and the closed position, so that the control device 30 is connected with the blocking member 20, controls the movement of the blocking member 20, realizes the automatic control of the control device 30 on the blocking member 20, and the control device 30 can obtain the engine operating condition to monitor the mixture concentration in the main combustion chamber 3 to adjust the number of open injection holes 12, limit the size of the ignition energy entering the main combustion chamber 3, avoid the ignition energy entering the main combustion chamber 3 being too large to cause knocking, or too small to cause incomplete combustion, and improve the fuel economy of the engine.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 11 is formed with a plurality of grooves 111, one end of the plurality of blocking members 20 is movably fitted in the plurality of grooves 111, and the other end of the plurality of blocking members 20 is adapted to open and close the plurality of injection holes 12. That is, the plurality of grooves 111 are spaced apart along the circumference of the pre-combustion chamber 11 and are provided on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber 11, one blocking member 20 is fitted in each groove 111, and the blocking member 20 moves in the groove 111 in a direction towards or away from the injection hole 12. Thus, the provision of the plurality of grooves 111 facilitates the movement of the blocking member 20 in the groove 111, and the provision of the control device 30 avoids occupying the internal space of the pre-combustion chamber 11.

[0056] In some embodiments, with reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the control device 30 comprises a plurality of electromagnets 31 and a plurality of permanent magnets 32, the plurality of electromagnets 31 are respectively provided in the plurality of grooves 111, and the plurality of permanent magnets 32 are respectively provided at one end of the plurality of blocking members 20. When the electromagnet 31 is supplied with a first direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet 32 drives the corresponding blocking member 20 to move in a direction towards the electromagnet 31 to open the corresponding injection hole 12. When the electromagnet 31 is supplied with a second direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet 32 drives the corresponding blocking member 20 to move in a direction away from the electromagnet 31 to close the corresponding injection hole 12. The first direction current and the second direction current are opposite in direction.

[0057] In the present embodiment, the first direction current can be a forward current, the electromagnet 31 provided in the groove 111 is opposite to the permanent magnet 32 provided on the blocking member 20. When the electromagnet 31 is supplied with the forward current, the electromagnet 31 generates a magnetic attraction to the permanent magnet 32 on the blocking member 20 to move the permanent magnet 32 from the closed position to the open position of the blocking member 20 to open the injection hole 12. The energy generated by igniting the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 11 enters the main combustion chamber 3 to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 to provide energy for the operation of the engine. The second direction current can be a reverse current. For example, when the engine is in good working condition and the concentration of the mixture in the cylinder is normal, part of the injection holes 12 can be selectively closed. At this time, the reverse current is supplied to part of the electromagnets 31, the electromagnet 31 generates the same magnetic force as the permanent magnet 32 to push the permanent magnet 32 on the blocking member 20 to drive the blocking member 20 to move from the open position to the closed position, thereby reducing the number of open injection holes 12 and reducing the energy in the pre-combustion chamber 11 entering the main combustion chamber 3, to ensure that the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3 is fully burned while ensuring power output. Thus, different currents in different directions can be supplied to the plurality of electromagnets 31 to generate different magnetic forces to control the movement of the opposite permanent magnet 32 towards or away from the injection hole 12. The first current direction and the second current direction are opposite, and the first current direction can also control the movement of the blocking member 20 towards the injection hole 12, and the second current direction controls the movement of the blocking member 20 away from the injection hole 12.

[0058] Thus, the plurality of blocking members 20 are respectively provided with a permanent magnet 32, and are controlled by the electromagnet 31 opposite to the permanent magnet 32. The plurality of blocking members 20 are controlled by the plurality of electromagnets 31, so that the plurality of blocking members 20 move independently between each other, facilitating timely adjustment of the number of open and closed injection holes 12 according to the working condition of the engine, controlling the energy entering the main combustion chamber 3 from the pre-chamber, reducing the ignition amount of the spark plug 4 for igniting the mixture in the pre-chamber, and improving the service life of the spark plug 4.

[0059] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 The control device 30 further comprises a plurality of wires 33, and the plurality of electromagnets 31 are respectively electrically connected to the plurality of wires 33. The wires 33 are arranged in the side wall of the body 10, one end of the wire 33 is connected to the electromagnet 31, and the other end of the wire 33 can extend out of the pre-chamber structure 2 and be connected to an external power supply, thereby supplying power to the electromagnet 31, and passing different directions of current to the electromagnet 31 to generate different directions of magnetic field to control the direction of movement of the permanent magnet 32. The electromagnet 31 can be fixed on the body 10. Thus, the plurality of wires are arranged to facilitate the electrical conduction of the electromagnet 31, control the polarity of the electromagnet 31, and achieve independent control of the plurality of electromagnets 31, and the wires 33 occupy a small space.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 The body 10 is formed with a plurality of wire grooves 13, the plurality of wire grooves 13 are respectively communicated with the plurality of sliding grooves 111, and the plurality of wires 33 are respectively matched in the plurality of wire grooves 13. The wire groove 13 is arranged at the end of the sliding groove 111 away from the injection hole 12, and the wire groove 13 is communicated with the sliding groove 111. The electromagnet 31 is arranged at the end of the wire groove 13 away from the sliding groove 111, the wire 33 is matched with the wire groove 13, and the wire 33 is connected with the electromagnet 31 after passing through the wire groove 13. The wire groove 13 penetrates the side wall of the pre-chamber 11 along the central axis direction of the pre-chamber 11. And the wire groove 13 is a plurality of wire grooves 13, the plurality of wire grooves 13 are arranged on the side wall of the pre-chamber 11 around the central axis, and are arranged at intervals on the side wall. Thus, the arrangement of the wire groove 13 facilitates the installation of the wire 33, so that the electromagnet 31 controls the movement of the blocking member 20.

[0061] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 And Figure 4As shown, the chute 111 is provided with a guide rod 40, and one end of the blocking piece 20 is movably arranged on the guide rod 40. The guide rod 40 and the guide wire 33 are arranged on both sides of the electromagnet 31, one end of the guide rod 40 is connected with the electromagnet 31, and the other end of the guide rod 40 extends along the central axis of the pre-combustion cavity 11 towards the direction of the injection hole 12. One end of the blocking piece 20 is sleeved on the guide rod 40, the permanent magnet 32 is arranged on the blocking piece 20, and the blocking piece 20 moves along the guide rod 40 under the action of the electromagnet 31 to realize the opening and closing of the injection hole 12. Thus, the guide rod 40 is arranged in the chute 111 to facilitate the installation of the blocking piece 20, and the accuracy and guidance of the movement of the blocking piece 20 in the pre-combustion cavity 11 are better.

[0062] In some embodiments, the body 10 and the guide rod 40 are both non-magnetic material pieces. Thus, the body 10 and the guide rod 40 are non-magnetic material pieces, which can avoid affecting the electromagnet 31, so that the electromagnet 31 can accurately drive the permanent magnet 32 to move, and the interference of the body 10 and the guide rod 40 on the movement accuracy of the permanent magnet 32 is reduced.

[0063] In some embodiments, the end face of the other end of the blocking piece 20 is matched with the shape of the inner wall surface of the body 10 where the injection hole 12 is formed. That is, when the blocking piece 20 cooperates with the injection hole 12 to close the injection hole 12, the shape of the connection between the blocking piece 20 and the injection hole 12 is the same, which can ensure the sealing performance of the blocking piece 20 when closing the injection hole 12. For example, the end face of the end of the blocking piece 20 away from the permanent magnet 32 is matched with the end of the injection hole 12 adjacent to the side of the blocking piece 20, so that the reliability of the blocking piece 20 in closing the injection hole 12 can be ensured.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown, Figure 4 The plurality of injection holes 12 are located at one end of the body 10, and the inner wall surface of the one end of the body 10 is formed as an arc surface protruding away from the center of the body 10. That is, the inner surface of the one end of the body 10 where the installation cavity is provided with the injection hole 12 is an arc surface, and the one end of the body 10 where the injection hole 12 is provided protrudes away from the blocking piece 20 along the central axis of the pre-combustion cavity 11. The inner wall surface of the one end of the body 10 can be a spherical surface. Thus, the one end of the body 10 where the plurality of injection holes 12 are provided is arranged to protrude away from the center of the body 10, which can facilitate the energy in the pre-combustion cavity 11 to enter the main combustion chamber 3 when the plurality of injection holes 12 are opened, and increase the arrangement direction of the plurality of injection holes 12, so that the flame in the pre-combustion chamber can be injected into the main combustion chamber 3 from multiple angles, and the requirement for the mixture concentration in the main combustion chamber 3 is further reduced.

[0065] According to the ignition device of the second embodiment of the present application, the pre-combustion chamber structure 2 is any one of the pre-combustion chamber structures 2 in the above embodiments, and the spark plug 4 is arranged on the pre-combustion chamber structure 2.

[0066] According to the ignition device of the embodiment of the present application, the pre-chamber structure 2 is connected with the spark plug 4, the head of the spark plug 4 is arranged in the pre-chamber structure 2, the pre-chamber 11 formed by the pre-chamber structure 2 is small, the energy generated by the spark plug 4 igniting the mixture in the pre-chamber 11 rapidly enters the main combustion chamber 3 of the engine to ignite, and the number of the plurality of injection holes 12 can adjust the amount and angle of the energy in the pre-chamber 11 entering the main combustion chamber 3, so that the knocking of the engine at high load can be effectively reduced, the fuel consumption at medium load can be reduced, the power at medium load can be improved, the combustion at low load can be more sufficient, and the engine has good fuel economy.

[0067] In some embodiments, the end of the body 10 of the pre-chamber structure 2 away from the plurality of injection holes 12 of the pre-chamber structure 2 is open, and the spark plug 4 is fitted at the end of the body 10 away from the plurality of injection holes 12. That is, the end of the pre-chamber 11 away from the injection hole 12 is open, the spark plug 4 extends into the pre-chamber 11 from the open end, and the spark plug 4 can ignite the mixture in the pre-chamber 11 so that the generated energy can be controlled to enter the main combustion chamber 3.

[0068] In some embodiments, the spark plug 4 is threadedly connected with the body 10. An external thread is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the spark plug 4, and an internal thread is arranged in the pre-chamber 11. The spark plug 4 and the body 10 are threadedly connected, the connection structure is simple, and good reliability is achieved.

[0069] According to the engine cylinder head 1 of the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the engine cylinder head 1 comprises: a cylinder head body 5, and an ignition device, the ignition device being any one of the ignition devices in the above embodiments, and the ignition device being arranged on the cylinder head body 5.

[0070] According to the engine cylinder head 1 of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the mounting hole 501 is in communication with the main combustion chamber 3 arranged on the engine cylinder body, the ignition device is arranged in the mounting hole 501, at least part of the pre-chamber structure 2 extends into the main combustion chamber 3, the main combustion chamber 3 is in communication with the pre-chamber 11 through the injection hole 12, the energy generated after the spark plug 4 ignites the mixture in the pre-chamber 11 enters the main combustion chamber 3 from the injection hole 12, and ignites the mixture in the main combustion chamber 3. Since the number of the injection holes 12 can adjust the amount of the energy in the pre-chamber entering the main combustion chamber 3, the amount of the energy is changed, and the load of the use condition of the engine is adjusted.

[0071] In some embodiments, the pre-chamber structure 2 of the ignition device is threadedly connected with the cylinder head body 5. In this way, the pre-chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5 are threadedly connected, the connection mode is simple and reliable, the spark plug 4 can be easily replaced when it needs to be replaced, and the use and maintenance costs are reduced.

[0072] In some embodiments, the engine Figure 2 The engine cylinder head 1 further comprises a gasket 50 arranged between the pre-chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5. Thus, the arrangement of the gasket 50 can increase the sealing between the pre-chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5, increase the buffering between the pre-chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5, reduce the transmission of vibration between the pre-chamber structure 2 and the cylinder head body 5, and ensure the reliability and service life of the installation of the pre-chamber structure 2.

[0073] The engine according to the fourth aspect of the present application comprises the engine cylinder head 1 according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0074] The engine according to the first aspect of the present application comprises Figures 1-4 The engine comprises the engine cylinder head 1 and a cylinder body, the ignition device is arranged in the engine cylinder head 1, the engine cylinder head 1 and the cylinder body define a main combustion chamber 3, part of the ignition device is located in the main combustion chamber 3 and communicates with the main combustion chamber 3, the mixture is introduced into the main combustion chamber 3, the mixture in the pre-combustion cavity 11 is ignited to drive the operation of the piston in the cylinder body.

[0075] The engine according to the first aspect of the present application comprises

[0076] The vehicle according to the fifth aspect of the present application can reduce the knocking of the vehicle under high load working conditions, ensure the fuel economy and power output under medium load, reduce the fuel consumption under low load, improve the fuel economy of the vehicle, and save the use cost.

[0077] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0078] In the description of the application, "a first feature", "a second feature" can include one or more of the features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. In the description of the application, "over" or "under" a second feature of a first feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or can include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. In the description of the application, "over", "above" and "on" a second feature of a first feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0079] In the description of the application, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In the description of the application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example.

[0080] Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, and the scope of the application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A prechamber structure, characterized by, Comprise: a body, an inner wall of the body defining a pre-combustion chamber, a plurality of injection holes being formed on the body, the pre-combustion chamber being in communication with the outside of the body through the plurality of injection holes; a plurality of blocking members, the plurality of blocking members being respectively movably arranged at the plurality of injection holes to respectively open and close the plurality of injection holes; wherein, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed on the inner wall of the pre-combustion chamber, a plurality of guide rods are arranged in the plurality of sliding grooves, one end of the plurality of blocking members is movably fitted on the guide rods in the plurality of sliding grooves, the other end of the plurality of blocking members is adapted to open and close the plurality of injection holes, the end face of the other end of the blocking member is adapted to the shape of the inner wall surface of the body at the position where the injection hole is formed, the plurality of injection holes are located at one end of the body, the inner wall surface of the one end of the body is formed as an arc surface protruding away from the body; a control device, the control device comprising: a plurality of electromagnets, the plurality of electromagnets being respectively arranged in the plurality of sliding grooves; a plurality of permanent magnets, the plurality of permanent magnets being respectively arranged at the one end of the plurality of blocking members, when the electromagnet passes a first direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding blocking member to move towards the direction of the electromagnet to open the corresponding injection hole, when the electromagnet passes a second direction current, the corresponding permanent magnet drives the corresponding blocking member to move away from the direction of the electromagnet to close the corresponding injection hole, the first direction current and the second direction current are opposite in direction.

2. The pre-chamber structure of claim 1, wherein The control device cooperates with the plurality of blocking members, and the control device is used to control the movement of the plurality of blocking members to adjust the number of open injection holes.

3. The pre-chamber structure of claim 2, wherein The control device respectively controls the independent movement of the plurality of blocking members.

4. The pre-chamber structure of claim 2, wherein The control device has a first control state, a second control state and a third control state, the number of open injection holes is N1 in the first control state, the number of open injection holes is N2 in the second control state, and the number of open injection holes is N3 in the third control state, wherein N1, N2 and N3 satisfy: N1≥N2≥N3>0.

5. The pre-chamber structure of claim 2, wherein The plurality of blocking members are movably arranged in the pre-combustion chamber, and the plurality of blocking members are movable relative to the body between a closed position and an open position, when the blocking member is located at the closed position, the blocking member blocks the corresponding injection hole to close the injection hole, when the blocking member is located at the open position, the blocking member is separated from the corresponding injection hole to open the injection hole.

6. The pre-chamber structure of claim 2, wherein The control device further comprises: a plurality of wires, the plurality of electromagnets are respectively electrically connected with the plurality of wires.

7. The pre-chamber structure of claim 6, wherein A plurality of wire grooves are formed on the body, the plurality of wire grooves are respectively in communication with the plurality of sliding grooves, and the plurality of wires are respectively fitted in the plurality of wire grooves.

8. The pre-chamber structure of claim 1, wherein The body and the guide rod are both non-magnetic material members.

9. An ignition device characterized by comprising: Comprise: a pre-combustion chamber structure, the pre-combustion chamber structure being according to any one of claims 1-8; a spark plug, the spark plug being arranged on the pre-combustion chamber structure.

10. The ignition device of claim 9, wherein An end of a body of the pre-chamber structure distal from a plurality of injection holes of the pre-chamber structure is open, and the spark plug is fitted to the end of the body distal from the plurality of injection holes.

11. The ignition device of claim 10, wherein The spark plug is threadedly connected to the body.

12. An engine cylinder head characterized by, Comprising: a cylinder head body; an ignition device according to any one of claims 9-11, the ignition device being provided on the cylinder head body.

13. The engine cylinder head of claim 12, wherein, A pre-chamber structure of the ignition device is threadedly connected to the cylinder head body.

14. The engine cylinder head of claim 12 or 13, wherein, Further comprising: a gasket provided between the pre-chamber structure and the cylinder head body.

15. An engine characterized by, An engine cylinder head according to any one of claims 12-14.

16. A vehicle characterized by comprising: An engine according to claim 15.

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