Method for promoting generation of overground stem-growing bulbs of lily

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lily propagation, and particularly discloses a method for promoting generation of overground part stem bulbs of lilies. The method comprises the following steps: selecting lily bulbs which cannot autonomously generate overground stem bulbs for planting, removing all inflorescences at the top ends of lily plants when the lily plants grow until overground flower buds are exposed and the length of the flower buds reaches 2cm-3cm, and harvesting until the stem bulbs are developed to have the diameter of 1cm-1.5 cm. According to the method, for the lilies which cannot form the overground stem bulbs autonomously, the lilies which cannot form the overground stem bulbs autonomously are promoted to generate the overground stem bulbs through an artificial induction method, and a new method is provided for artificial propagation of the lily bulbs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lily propagation, and in particular to a method for promoting the occurrence of lily aboveground stem bulbs. Background Art

[0002] Stem bulbs are special reproductive organs formed by lily plants in the long-term natural evolution process to adapt to the external environment. Generally, the new bulbs formed in the axils of the aboveground stems of lilies are called aboveground stem bulblets or bulbils, and the new bulbs formed on the underground stems are called stem bulblets or bulblets or underground-stem bulblets, and they are collectively referred to as stem bulblets and bulbils. Compared with the asexual reproduction method of forming new bulbs through the germination of axillary buds of the mother bulb, the formation of stem bulblets has the unique advantages of high reproduction coefficient and is conducive to plant detoxification and rejuvenation. It is an important way for lily population reproduction. Many special small bulbs will be produced in the axils of the aboveground leaves of lilies. As a micro-propaganda body, the aboveground stem bulblets are important tissue materials for lily seedling cultivation, detoxification and rapid propagation.

[0003] Lily reproduction methods are mainly divided into two categories: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is generally seed reproduction, and the offspring of seed reproduction are highly variable and have a long cycle. Asexual reproduction includes bulb propagation, scale propagation, and bulbil propagation. Tissue culture has a high propagation coefficient, but it has high requirements for facilities and equipment. The traditional propagation method has a low coefficient and a lack of supply of high-quality seedlings. At the same time, the long-term self-retention method has caused serious accumulation of pathogens in lily bulbs and variety degeneration. Accelerating the research on bulb propagation technology and realizing the localization of lily bulbs as soon as possible are industry issues that need to be solved urgently. Compared with other asexual reproduction methods, the above-ground stem bulb propagation takes a short time, is simple and convenient, and can maintain the excellent characteristics of the variety, and has important application prospects in production.

[0004] However, not all lilies can spontaneously form aboveground stem bulbs. Currently, only Lilium lancifolium, Lilium bulbiferum, Lilium sulphureum and Lilium sargentiae can naturally form stem bulbs in the leaf axils of the aboveground stems, while most other lilies cannot spontaneously form aboveground stem bulbs. Therefore, developing a simple, rapid and effective method to artificially induce the formation of aboveground stem bulbs in lilies is of great significance to the industrial reproduction of lilies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for promoting the formation of lily aboveground stem bulbs in order to develop a method for artificially inducing the formation of lily aboveground stem bulbs. The present invention is aimed at lilies that cannot form aboveground stem bulbs autonomously, and promotes the formation of aboveground stem bulbs by artificially inducing lilies that cannot form aboveground stem bulbs autonomously, thereby providing a new method for artificial propagation of lily bulbs.

[0006] The invention provides a method for promoting the occurrence of lily aboveground stem bulbs. Lily bulbs that cannot produce aboveground stem bulbs autonomously are selected for planting. When the lily plant grows to the point where the flower buds on the aboveground are exposed and the length of the flower buds reaches 2 cm to 3 cm, all the inflorescences at the top of the lily plant are removed. At this time, it is a critical period for the growth of the lily. After the aboveground "growth point" is removed, the top growth is inhibited, and the endogenous hormones and sugar substances of the plant effectively flow to the middle and upper leaf axils of the plant, thereby promoting the occurrence of aboveground stem bulbs. If the flower buds are removed too early or too late, it is not conducive to the formation of stem bulbs. Water and fertilizer management is performed until the stem bulbs develop to a diameter of 1 cm to 1.5 cm, and then they can be harvested. At this time, the aboveground stem bulbs have fully developed, can be separated from the stems, and develop into complete plants. If harvested too early, the small bulbs are immature, and if harvested too late, the stem bulbs will fall off from the mother plant, causing losses.

[0007] The present invention aims at lilies that cannot form above-ground stem bulbs autonomously, and uses an artificial induction method to induce lilies that cannot form above-ground stem bulbs autonomously to produce above-ground stem bulbs, thereby providing a new method for artificial propagation of lily bulbs, thereby laying a foundation for providing an asexual propagation method that is short in time, simple and convenient, and can maintain the excellent characteristics of the variety.

[0008] Furthermore, the selection criteria for lily bulbs that cannot produce aerial stem bulblets on their own are: free from pests and diseases, and with a circumference of 14cm to 16cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the lilies that are incapable of autonomously producing aerial stem bulblets are oriental lily hybrids, lily of the valley hybrids or Asiatic lily hybrids.

[0010] Furthermore, soil management is also carried out before planting lily bulbs: deep plowing of the planting soil by 25cm to 30cm, screening out larger impurities and soil clods, applying decomposed organic fertilizer and tilling evenly;

[0011] The amount of organic fertilizer applied is 40 to 50 kilograms per mu.

[0012] Furthermore, ridge formation is performed after soil management for planting, with a ridge depth of 10 cm to 15 cm, a ridge width of 20 cm to 21 cm, and a ridge spacing of 30 cm to 32 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the planting spacing of lily bulbs is 15cm to 17cm.

[0014] Furthermore, daily cultivation management was carried out after the lily bulbs were planted: the temperature was controlled at 15℃~28℃, the daytime light intensity was 40000Lux~60000Lux, the soil moisture was 35%~40%, and the relative air humidity was 35%~50%; after the seedlings emerged, a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer was applied every 20 days to 22 days;

[0015] The application amount of the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is 40 to 50 kilograms per mu.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is 15-20:15-20:20.

[0017] Furthermore, after removing all the inflorescences at the top of the lily plant, carry out daily water and fertilizer management: apply a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer with water at a rate of 40 to 50 kilograms per mu.

[0018] Furthermore, 20 to 30 days after all the inflorescences at the top of the lily are removed, above-ground stem bulblets can be found at the top of the plant and in the axils of the upper leaves of the plant.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention adopts the artificial induction technology of "removing all inflorescences at the top of lily plants" and cooperates with daily cultivation management to achieve artificial induction of lily aerial stem bulbs. The produced lily aerial stem bulbs can be directly used for bulb propagation. The present invention removes the top growth point of the lily plant to induce the formation of aerial stem bulbs in the axils of its aerial leaves. The method of the present invention is particularly suitable for lily species that cannot naturally form aerial stem bulbs under natural conditions. Compared with the control plants without any treatment, the success rate of the formation of lily aerial stem bulbs in the later stage is 100%; and the number of aerial stem bulbs in each leaf axil is 1 to 4, which provides a new method for the artificial propagation of lily bulbs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is an appearance diagram of the method of Example 1 for producing an aerial stem bulb of Lilium 'Red Life'.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the appearance of lily 'Red Life' cultivated by the method of Comparative Example 1.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the state of Lilium 'Brindisi' in Example 2 where the "entire above-ground inflorescence portion has been cut off".

[0025] Figure 4 This is an appearance diagram of the method of Example 2 for producing above-ground stem bulbs of Lilium 'Brindisi'.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the natural growth state of Lilium 'Brindisi' in Comparative Example 2 where the treatment of "cutting off the entire above-ground inflorescence part" was not performed on the lily. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0028] Embodiment 1: A method for promoting the occurrence of aboveground stem bulbs of lily.

[0029] 1. Experimental Methods

[0030] 1. Bulb selection

[0031] Select the bulbs of the Asiatic lily hybrid Lilium 'Red Life' that cannot produce above-ground stem bulbs on their own under natural growth conditions. Bulb selection criteria: free of pests and diseases, and circumference of 15±1cm.

[0032] 2. Field management

[0033] Use a solar greenhouse to deep-plow the field soil to 30±2cm, and sift out larger impurities and clods. Apply 40 catties of organic fertilizer per mu, which is cow dung. Rotary tillage is uniform, and the rotary tillage depth is 30±2cm to ensure uniform soil fertility, which is conducive to the growth of plants in the later stage.

[0034] After the soil is tilled and leveled, the lines are laid out at fixed points at both ends to make ridges. Each ridge has 4 furrows, and the surface of the furrow should be horizontal and straight. Each ridge is 10 cm deep, 20 cm wide, and 30 cm apart. The selected 'Red Life' lily bulbs are placed in the furrows, with the buds facing up, and the distance between the bulbs is 15 cm. 25 bulbs are planted in each furrow. A total of 100 bulbs are planted.

[0035] After planting, lilies are cultivated and managed daily: daily temperature 20℃, daytime light intensity 40000Lux, soil moisture 35%-40%, air relative humidity 35%, and moist soil surface. After emergence, a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer is applied once every 15 days with irrigation water, and the application amount is 40 catties per mu to ensure the supply of fertilizers required for plant growth. The water-soluble fertilizer of a large number of elements is Stanley-Water-soluble Fertilizer of a Large Number of Elements (General Type) in Linyi, Shandong. Product standard: NY / T1107-2020. The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the water-soluble fertilizer of a large number of elements is 20:20:20.

[0036] 3. Technical operation

[0037] When the lily plant grows to the point where the above-ground flower buds emerge and reach a length of 3 cm, cut off the entire above-ground inflorescence.

[0038] The specific pruning process is as follows: First, use 75% alcohol to disinfect the scissors needed for the operation to ensure that the tools are clean. Then, hold the inflorescence part at the top of the plant with one hand and use the scissors with the other hand to completely prune the inflorescence of the plant.

[0039] 4. Daily water and fertilizer management

[0040] After removing the inflorescence of the plant, carry out daily water and fertilizer management.

[0041] The soil moisture is maintained at 35%. After the inflorescence of the plant is completely cut off, a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer is applied every 30 days, applied with irrigation water, and the application amount is 40 kilograms per mu.

[0042] After 30 days of inflorescence removal, the germination of aboveground stem bulbs was counted.

[0043] The results showed that all plants had above-ground stem bulbs (such as Figure 1 That is, the probability of producing above-ground stem bulbs is 100%.

[0044] After 60 days of inflorescence removal, the aboveground stem bulblets develop to a diameter of >1.5 cm and can be harvested. The harvested stem bulblets can be stored at 4°C for 60 days before planting.

[0045] Comparative Example 1: Cultivation method of lily 'Red Life' without human intervention.

[0046] The specific steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the technical operation step 3 is removed. The specific method is as follows:

[0047] 1. Experimental Methods

[0048] 1. Bulb selection

[0049] Select the bulbs of Lilium 'Red Life' that cannot produce above-ground stem bulbs on their own under natural growth conditions. Bulb selection criteria: free of pests and diseases, and circumference of 15±1cm.

[0050] 2. Field management

[0051] Use a solar greenhouse to deep-plow the field soil to 30±2cm, and sift out larger impurities and clods. Apply 40 catties of organic fertilizer per mu, which is cow dung. Rotary tillage is uniform, and the rotary tillage depth is 30±2cm to ensure uniform soil fertility, which is conducive to the growth of plants in the later stage.

[0052] After the soil is tilled and leveled, the lines are laid out at fixed points at both ends to make ridges. Each ridge has 4 furrows, and the surface of the furrow should be horizontal and straight. Each ridge is 10 cm deep, 20 cm wide, and 30 cm apart. The selected 'Red Life' lily bulbs are placed in the furrows, with the buds facing up, and the distance between the bulbs is 15 cm. 25 bulbs are planted in each furrow. A total of 100 bulbs are planted.

[0053] After planting, lilies are cultivated and managed daily: daily temperature 20℃, daytime light intensity 40000Lux, soil moisture 35%-40%, air relative humidity 35%, and moist soil surface. After emergence, a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer is applied once every 15 days with irrigation water, and the application amount is 40 catties per mu to ensure the supply of fertilizers required for plant growth. The water-soluble fertilizer of a large number of elements is Stanley-Water-soluble Fertilizer of a Large Number of Elements (General Type) in Linyi, Shandong. Product standard: NY / T1107-2020. The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the water-soluble fertilizer of a large number of elements is 20:20:20.

[0054] 3. Daily water and fertilizer management

[0055] After daily cultivation management, daily water and fertilizer management is carried out. The soil moisture is maintained at 35%, and a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer is applied once every 30 days, along with irrigation water, at a rate of 40 catties per mu.

[0056] After 30 days of daily water and fertilizer management, it was observed that the lily 'Red Life' plants that did not undergo the technical operation in Example 1 did not produce any aboveground stem bulbs. Figure 2 shown.

[0057] Embodiment 2: A method for promoting the occurrence of aboveground stem bulbs of lily.

[0058] 1. Experimental Methods

[0059] 1. Bulb selection

[0060] Select LA lily 'Brindisi' bulbs (a hybrid of Asiatic lily and Lilium formosanum) that cannot produce above-ground stem bulbs under natural growth conditions. Bulb selection criteria: free of pests and diseases, and circumference of 15±1cm.

[0061] 2. Field management

[0062] Use cold shed planting, deep plowing the field planting soil 30cm, sifting out larger impurities and soil blocks. Apply 50 catties of cow dung per mu, rotary tillage evenly, and the rotary tillage depth is 30cm to ensure uniform soil fertility and facilitate the growth of plants in the later stage.

[0063] After the soil is tilled and leveled, the lines are laid out at fixed points at both ends to make ridges. Each ridge has 4 furrows, and the surface of the furrow should be horizontal and straight. Each ridge is 15 cm deep, 20 cm wide, and 30 cm apart. The selected LA lily 'Brindisi' bulbs are placed in the furrows, with the buds facing up, and the distance between the bulbs is 15 cm. 25 bulbs are planted in each furrow. A total of 100 bulbs are planted.

[0064] After planting, the lilies are cultivated and managed daily: the daily temperature is maintained at 25℃, the daytime light intensity is 50,000Lux, the soil moisture is 40%, and the relative humidity of the air is 40%. After the seedlings emerge, Stanley-macro-element water-soluble fertilizer (general type) from Linyi, Shandong is applied once every 20 days. The product standard is: NY / T1107-2020. It is applied with irrigation water at an application rate of 50 catties per mu to ensure the supply of fertilizers needed for plant growth.

[0065] 3. Technical operation

[0066] When the lily plant grows to the point where the above-ground flower buds emerge and reach a length of 3 cm, cut off the entire above-ground inflorescence.

[0067] The specific pruning process is as follows: First, use 75% alcohol to disinfect the scissors needed for the operation to ensure that the tools are clean. Then, hold the inflorescence part at the top of the plant with one hand, and use the scissors in the other hand to completely prune the inflorescence of the plant ( Figure 3 ).

[0068] 4. Daily water and fertilizer management

[0069] After the inflorescence of the plant is removed, daily water and fertilizer management is carried out. The soil moisture is maintained at 40%, and Stanley-macro-element water-soluble fertilizer (universal type) from Linyi, Shandong is applied once every 30 days according to the healthy growth of the seedlings, and applied with irrigation water, with an application rate of 50 kilograms per mu.

[0070] After 35 days of inflorescence removal, the germination of aboveground stem bulbs was counted. The results showed that all plants had sprouted aboveground stem bulbs ( Figure 4 ).

[0071] After 62 days, the aboveground stem bulbs develop to a diameter of more than 1.5 cm and are harvested. The harvested aboveground stem bulbs are stored at 4°C for 60 days and can be planted.

[0072] Comparative Example 2: Cultivation method of LA lily 'Brindisi' without human intervention.

[0073] The specific steps are the same as those in Example 2, except that the technical operation steps are removed. The specific steps are as follows:

[0074] 1. Experimental Methods

[0075] 1. Bulb selection

[0076] Select LA Lily 'Brindisi' bulbs that cannot produce above-ground stem bulbs under natural growth conditions. Bulb selection criteria: free of pests and diseases, and circumference of 15±1cm.

[0077] 2. Field management

[0078] Use cold shed planting, deep plowing the field planting soil 30cm, sifting out larger impurities and soil blocks. Apply 50 catties of cow dung per mu, rotary tillage evenly, and the rotary tillage depth is 30cm to ensure uniform soil fertility and facilitate the growth of plants in the later stage.

[0079] After the soil is tilled and leveled, the lines are laid out at fixed points at both ends to make ridges. Each ridge has 4 furrows, and the surface of the furrow should be horizontal and straight. Each ridge is 15 cm deep, 20 cm wide, and 30 cm apart. The selected LA lily 'Brindisi' bulbs are placed in the furrows, with the buds facing up, and the distance between the bulbs is 15 cm. 25 bulbs are planted in each furrow. A total of 100 bulbs are planted.

[0080] After planting, the lilies are cultivated and managed daily: the daily temperature is maintained at 25℃, the daytime light intensity is 50,000Lux, the soil moisture is 40%, and the relative humidity of the air is 40%. After the seedlings emerge, Stanley-macro-element water-soluble fertilizer (general type) from Linyi, Shandong is applied once every 20 days. The product standard is: NY / T1107-2020. It is applied with irrigation water at an application rate of 50 catties per mu to ensure the supply of fertilizers needed for plant growth.

[0081] 3. Daily water and fertilizer management

[0082] After the inflorescence of the plant is removed, daily water and fertilizer management is carried out. The soil moisture is maintained at 40%, and Stanley-macro-element water-soluble fertilizer (universal type) from Linyi, Shandong is applied once every 30 days according to the healthy growth of the seedlings, and applied with irrigation water, with an application rate of 50 kilograms per mu.

[0083] After 35 days of daily water and fertilizer management, it was observed that the LA lily 'Brindisi' without the technical operation in Example 2 did not produce aboveground stem bulblets (such as Figure 5 shown).

[0084] According to the above examples, it can be seen that the probability of producing aboveground stem bulbs is 100% when the "technical operation" of the present invention is used to remove the inflorescence of lily plants. It can be seen that the method of the present invention is not only simple and easy to operate, but also significantly increases the reproduction methods of "no aboveground stem bulbs" lilies, and while improving its reproduction efficiency, it provides a "new way" for efficient and non-toxic reproduction of lilies.

[0085] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may occur to these embodiments once those skilled in the art are aware of the basic inventive concepts.

[0086] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the occurrence of aboveground stem bulbs of lily, characterized in that: Choose lily bulbs that cannot produce above-ground stem bulbs on their own for planting. When the lily plants grow to the point where the above-ground flower buds are exposed and the length of the flower buds reaches 2cm to 3cm, remove all inflorescences at the top of the lily plants until the stem bulbs develop to a diameter of 1cm to 1.5cm and then they can be harvested.

2. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection criteria for lily bulbs that cannot produce aerial stem bulbs on their own are: free of pests and diseases, and a circumference of 14cm to 16cm.

3. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lilies that cannot produce aerial stem bulbs on their own are Oriental lily hybrids, Musk lily hybrids or Asiatic lily hybrids.

4. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before planting lily bulbs, soil management is also carried out: deep plowing of the soil for planting is carried out to a depth of 25 cm to 30 cm, screening out larger impurities and soil clods, applying decomposed organic fertilizer and tilling evenly; The amount of organic fertilizer applied is 40 to 50 kilograms per mu.

5. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: After planting, soil management is carried out to form ridges with a ridge depth of 10cm to 15cm, a ridge width of 20cm to 21cm, and a ridge spacing of 30cm to 32cm.

6. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting spacing of lily bulbs is 15cm to 17cm.

7. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the lily bulbs were planted, daily cultivation management was also carried out: the temperature was controlled at 15℃~28℃, the daytime light intensity was 40000Lux~60000Lux, the soil moisture was 35%~40%, and the relative air humidity was 35%~50%; after the seedlings emerged, a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer was applied every 15 to 20 days; The application amount of the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is 40 to 50 kilograms per mu.

8. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is 15-20:15-20:

20.

9. The method for promoting the occurrence of lily aerial stem bulbs according to claim 8, characterized in that: After removing all inflorescences at the top of the lily plant, carry out daily water and fertilizer management: apply a large amount of water-soluble fertilizer with water at a rate of 40 to 50 kilograms per mu.

10. The method for promoting the occurrence of aerial stem bulbs of lily according to claim 1, wherein the aerial stem bulblets can be found at the top and the leaf axils of the upper part of the plant 20 to 30 days after all the inflorescences at the top of the lily are removed.

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