A fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser beam processing technology, and in particular to a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection, comprising a housing and a laser generating mechanism, the laser generating mechanism being used to generate a laser beam, a gas drainage device being provided on the lower side of the housing, the gas drainage device comprising a drainage tube with an axis extending in the up-down direction, a drainage hole penetrating the upper and lower ends of the drainage tube in the drainage tube, the laser beam generated by the laser generating mechanism passing through the center of the drainage hole, an air inlet hole connected to the drainage hole being provided on the outer side wall at the lower end of the drainage tube, the axis of the air inlet hole extending in the tangent direction of the drainage hole, when gas is introduced into the drainage tube from the air inlet hole, the gas forms an outer cyclone spirally rising from the lower end of the drainage hole and an inner cyclone spirally descending from the upper end of the drainage hole, the outer cyclone being located at the periphery of the inner cyclone, and the inner cyclone flowing out from the lower end of the drainage tube. The present invention can prevent dust and cutting debris from wearing and damaging the protective lens, and extend the service life of the fiber laser cutting head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser beam processing, and in particular to an optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection. Background Art

[0002] When the fiber laser cutting head is cutting a workpiece, dust or cutting debris will enter the inside of the cutting head from the laser port, which will cause scratches or dust to adhere to the protective lens inside the fiber laser cutting head. This will easily cause the laser energy to gather on the protective lens, causing the fiber laser cutting head to burn out. Although in the prior art, a protective gas is introduced into the inside of the fiber laser cutting head when it is working to prevent damage to the fiber laser cutting head, the introduction of protective gas can only prevent oxidation damage inside the fiber laser cutting head, and cannot prevent the dust or cutting debris entering the laser port from wearing and damaging the protective lens. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new fiber laser cutting head that can prevent dust and cutting debris from wearing and damaging the protective lens. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection to solve the technical problem in the prior art that dust and cutting debris cannot be prevented from wearing and damaging the fiber laser cutting head.

[0004] The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection comprises a shell and a laser generating mechanism arranged on the shell, the laser generating mechanism is used to generate a laser beam extending in the up-down direction, the laser beam is emitted from the lower side of the shell to cut the workpiece below the shell, a gas drainage device is arranged on the lower side of the shell, the gas drainage device comprises a drainage tube whose axis extends in the up-down direction, the drainage tube has a drainage hole passing through the upper and lower ends of the drainage tube, an air inlet hole connected to the drainage hole is arranged on the outer side wall of the lower end of the drainage tube, the axis of the air inlet hole extends along the tangent direction of the drainage hole, when gas is introduced into the drainage tube from the air inlet hole, the gas forms an outer cyclone that spirals up from the lower end of the drainage hole and an inner cyclone that spirals down from the upper end of the drainage hole, the outer cyclone is located at the periphery of the inner cyclone, and the inner cyclone flows out from the lower end of the drainage tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the drainage hole includes a tapered hole and a straight hole arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the tapered hole gradually decreases from bottom to top, the inner diameter of the straight hole is the same as the maximum inner diameter of the tapered hole, and the air inlet hole is located on the hole wall of the straight hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the drainage tube is connected to the lower side of the outer shell, and the lower end of the drainage tube is connected to a cover plate, a laser port is opened at the center of the cover plate, and the drainage hole and the laser port are coaxially arranged up and down. The laser beam generated by the laser generating mechanism passes downward through the drainage hole and the laser port in sequence, and the internal cyclone generated in the drainage tube flows downward from the laser port.

[0008] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided at the center of the cover plate on the periphery of the laser port, and the groove is used to store dust and debris entering the laser port. The cover plate is detachably connected to the lower end of the drainage tube by screws.

[0009] Furthermore, an air pressure sensor is connected to the cover plate, and the air pressure sensor is used to detect the size of the gas pressure in the drainage tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the air inlet hole is connected to an air inlet pipe extending along the tangential direction of the drainage tube, and the air inlet pipe is used to introduce inert protective gas into the drainage tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser generating mechanism comprises an upper protective mirror, a collimating mirror, a focusing mirror and a middle protective mirror arranged from top to bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, a lower protective mirror is provided in the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower protective mirror is located above the drainage tube, and the lower side of the lower protective mirror is sealed and fitted with the upper end of the drainage tube.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a laser head supporting mechanism, and the shell is connected to one side of the laser head supporting mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention is connected to a gas drainage device at the lower end of the fiber laser cutting head, and gas is introduced into the drainage tube along the tangent direction of the drainage tube of the gas drainage device, thereby forming an outer cyclone that spirals up from the lower end of the drainage tube and an inner cyclone that spirals down from the upper end of the drainage tube in the drainage tube, the outer cyclone is located at the periphery of the inner cyclone, and the inner cyclone flows out from the lower end of the drainage tube, that is, the downward discharge route of the gas of the present invention is consistent with the laser beam emission route, and the dust and debris entering the drainage tube are driven by the outer cyclone to rotate to the periphery of the drainage hole. And because the upper end of the drainage hole is an inverted cone hole, dust and debris can be prevented from moving upward, and dust and debris can be prevented from hitting the lower protective lens. At the same time, since the inner cyclone gas flows downward from the laser port, the possibility of dust and debris entering the laser port upward can be reduced. Therefore, the present invention can prevent dust and cutting debris from wearing and damaging the protective lens by setting a gas drainage device, thereby extending the service life of the fiber laser cutting head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of an embodiment of a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Middle AA section view;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the local C in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the part B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 This is an airflow analysis diagram of an embodiment of a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 100, laser head supporting mechanism; 110, connecting arm; 111, housing; 120, laser generating mechanism; 121, upper protective mirror; 122, collimating mirror; 123, focusing mirror; 124, middle protective mirror; 125, lower protective mirror; 130, gas drainage device; 131, air inlet; 132, drainage hole; 133, cover plate; 134, groove; 135, laser port; 136, air pressure sensor; 137, drainage tube; 138, air inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] An embodiment of a fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 6As shown, the fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection includes a laser head supporting mechanism 100 and a shell 111 connected to one side of the laser head supporting mechanism 100, and the shell 111 is provided with a laser generating mechanism 120, and the laser generating mechanism 120 is used to generate a laser beam extending in the up-down direction, and the laser beam is emitted from the lower side of the shell 111 to cut the workpiece below the shell 111. In the present invention, the laser head supporting mechanism 100, the shell 111 and the laser generating mechanism 120 are all prior art structures, wherein the laser head supporting mechanism 100 includes a connecting arm 110, and the shell 111 is connected to one side of the connecting arm 110, and the laser generating mechanism 120 includes an upper protective mirror 121, a collimating mirror 122, a focusing mirror 123 and a middle protective mirror 124 arranged from top to bottom.

[0026] In the present invention, a gas drainage device 130 is provided at the lower side of the housing 111, and the gas drainage device 130 includes a drainage tube 137 whose axis extends in the up-down direction, and a drainage hole 132 is provided in the drainage tube 137, which passes through the upper and lower ends of the drainage tube 137, and the laser beam generated by the laser generating mechanism 120 passes through the center of the drainage hole 132. An air inlet 131 connected to the drainage hole 132 is provided on the outer wall at the lower end of the drainage tube 137, and the axis of the air inlet 131 extends along the tangent direction of the drainage hole 132, and the air inlet 131 is used to introduce gas into the drainage hole 132. In this embodiment, the gas is an inert protective gas. When gas is introduced into the drainage tube 137 from the air inlet 131, the gas forms an outer cyclone that spirals upward from the lower end of the drainage hole 132 and an inner cyclone that spirals downward from the upper end of the drainage hole 132, the outer cyclone is located outside the inner cyclone, and the inner cyclone flows out from the lower end of the drainage tube 137. In this embodiment, the lower protective mirror 125 is located above the drainage tube 137, and the lower side of the lower protective mirror 125 is sealed and fitted with the upper end of the drainage tube 137, and the lower protective mirror 125 blocks the upper end of the drainage tube 137.

[0027] In this embodiment, the drainage hole 132 includes a tapered hole and a straight hole arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the tapered hole gradually decreases from bottom to top, the inner diameter of the straight hole is the same as the maximum inner diameter of the tapered hole, and the air inlet 131 is located on the hole wall of the straight hole. The upper end of the drainage tube 137 is connected to the lower side of the housing 111, and the lower end of the drainage tube 137 is connected to a cover plate 133, and a laser port 135 is provided at the center of the cover plate 133. The drainage hole 132 and the laser port 135 are arranged coaxially up and down, and the laser beam generated by the laser generating mechanism 120 passes through the drainage hole 132 and the laser port 135 downward in sequence, and the internal cyclone generated in the drainage tube 137 flows downward from the laser port 135.

[0028] The center of the cover plate 133 is provided with an annular groove 134 on the periphery of the laser port 135. The groove 134 is used to store dust and debris entering the laser port 135. The cover plate 133 is detachably connected to the lower end of the drainage tube 137 by screws. When in use, the cover plate 133 can be regularly removed to remove the dust and debris in the groove 134. The cover plate 133 is connected to an air pressure sensor 136, which is used to detect the size of the gas pressure in the drainage tube 137. The air inlet 131 is connected to an air inlet pipe 138 extending along the tangential direction of the drainage tube 137, and the air inlet pipe 138 is used to pass inert protective gas into the drainage tube 137.

[0029] When the fiber optic laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection of the present invention is in use, the upper end of the laser generating mechanism 120 is connected with an optical fiber, and the light in the optical fiber enters from the upper end of the laser generating mechanism 120 through the optical fiber, and passes through the upper protective mirror 121, the collimating mirror 122, the focusing mirror 123, the middle protective mirror 124 and the lower protective mirror 125 in sequence to form a laser beam, so that the laser beam is emitted downward from the laser port 135, and then the workpiece located below the fiber optic laser cutting head is cut. During operation, an inert protective gas is introduced into the drainage tube 137 from the air inlet hole 131. Since the axis of the air inlet hole 131 extends along the tangential direction of the drainage hole 132 and the drainage hole 132 in the drainage tube 137 has an inverted cone hole, the inert protective gas entering the drainage hole 132 forms an outer cyclone that spirals up from the lower end of the drainage hole 132 and an inner cyclone that spirals down from the upper end of the drainage hole 132, and the outer cyclone is located outside the inner cyclone; specifically, the inert protective gas will first flow spirally upward along the inner wall of the straight hole from the inside of the straight hole, and then the inert protective gas will reach the uppermost end of the drainage tube 137 along the inner wall of the tapered hole, and then the inert protective gas will flow spirally downward from the upper end of the drainage tube 137 along the center of the drainage tube 137, and finally the inert protective gas will flow downward from the laser port 135 in the center of the cover plate 133. In the present invention, the discharge route of the inert shielding gas is consistent with the direction of the laser beam. After the dust and debris enter the drainage tube 137 through the laser port 135, the dust and debris will be driven by the external cyclone to rotate to the periphery of the drainage hole 132 and stored in the peripheral groove 134. Since the upper end of the drainage hole 132 is an inverted cone hole, the dust and debris can be prevented from moving upward and hitting the lower protective mirror 125. In addition, since the internal cyclone gas flows downward from the laser port 135, the possibility of dust and debris entering the laser port 135 upward can be reduced.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection, comprising a housing (111) and a laser generating mechanism (120) arranged on the housing (111), the laser generating mechanism (120) being used to generate a laser beam extending in an up-down direction, the laser beam being emitted from the lower side of the housing (111) to cut a workpiece below the housing (111), characterized in that: A gas drainage device (130) is provided at the lower side of the housing (111), the gas drainage device (130) comprising a drainage tube (137) whose axis extends in the up-down direction, the drainage tube (137) having a drainage hole (132) penetrating the upper and lower ends of the drainage tube (137), the laser beam generated by the laser generating mechanism (120) passing through the center of the drainage hole (132), and a gas drainage device (130) is provided on the outer side wall at the lower end of the drainage tube (137) The air inlet hole (131) is connected to the drainage hole (132), the axis of the air inlet hole (131) extends along the tangent direction of the drainage hole (132), when gas is introduced into the drainage tube (137) from the air inlet hole (131), the gas forms an outer cyclone that spirals upward from the lower end of the drainage hole (132) and an inner cyclone that spirals downward from the upper end of the drainage hole (132), the outer cyclone is located outside the inner cyclone, and the inner cyclone flows out from the lower end of the drainage tube (137).

2. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage hole (132) comprises a tapered hole and a straight hole arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the tapered hole gradually decreases from bottom to top, the inner diameter of the straight hole is the same as the maximum inner diameter of the tapered hole, and the air inlet hole (131) is located on the hole wall of the straight hole.

3. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the drainage tube (137) is connected to the lower side of the housing (111), and the lower end of the drainage tube (137) is connected to a cover plate (133). A laser port (135) is provided at the center of the cover plate (133). The drainage hole (132) and the laser port (135) are coaxially arranged vertically. The laser beam generated by the laser generating mechanism (120) passes downward through the drainage hole (132) and the laser port (135) in sequence, and the internal cyclone generated in the drainage tube (137) flows downward from the laser port (135).

4. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular groove (134) is provided at the center of the cover plate (133) on the periphery of the laser port (135), and the groove (134) is used to store dust and debris entering the laser port (135). The cover plate (133) is detachably connected to the lower end of the drainage tube (137) by means of screws.

5. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cover plate (133) is connected to an air pressure sensor (136), and the air pressure sensor (136) is used to detect the magnitude of the gas pressure in the drainage tube (137).

6. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The air inlet hole (131) is connected to an air inlet pipe (138) extending along a tangential direction of the drainage tube (137), and the air inlet pipe (138) is used to introduce inert protective gas into the drainage tube (137).

7. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The laser generating mechanism (120) comprises an upper protective mirror (121), a collimating mirror (122), a focusing mirror (123) and a middle protective mirror (124) which are arranged from top to bottom.

8. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lower protective mirror (125) is provided in the housing (111).

9. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower protective mirror (125) is located above the drainage tube (137), and the lower side of the lower protective mirror (125) is sealed and fitted with the upper end of the drainage tube (137).

10. The optical fiber laser cutting head with built-in gas pressure detection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a laser head supporting mechanism (100), and the housing (111) is connected to one side of the laser head supporting mechanism (100).

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