Automatic bolt screwing device on tower crane

Abstract

The automatic bolt screwing device comprises a bolt head fixing assembly, a nut rotating assembly, an up-down butt joint assembly and a power assembly, and the bolt head fixing assembly comprises a first fixing groove formed in the bottom face of a top cap and used for fixing a bolt head; the nut rotating assembly comprises a bottom cap and a nut rotating sleeve arranged on the bottom cap. The bolt head fixing assembly and the nut rotating assembly are connected into a whole through the up-down butt-joint assembly, the up-down butt-joint assembly comprises an upper butt-joint part and a lower butt-joint part, the upper butt-joint part is arranged on the top cap, and the lower butt-joint part is arranged on the bottom cap. The power assembly drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The device has the beneficial effects that the device is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture and suitable for large-scale production, meanwhile, the installation method is simple, the safety of constructors can be effectively protected, potential safety hazards existing in the prior art are eliminated, and safety incidents are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tower crane assembly, and in particular to an automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane. Background Art

[0002] In current construction projects, the conventional protection method for the standard section connecting bolts of tower cranes is to expose them directly to the air. When tightening the bolts, if the screw rotates freely, two special wrenches must cooperate with each other to tighten the nuts. However, the prior art has the following defects: the standard section bolts of tower cranes are frequently loose, which is a direct factor affecting the safe operation of the equipment. When maintenance workers tighten the nuts daily, if the screw rotates freely, they must first use a wrench to fix the screw head and then use another wrench to tighten the nut. The high-altitude operation is difficult and dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device for automatically tightening bolts on the hoist. After searching, no technical solution identical to the present invention was found. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane to solve one or more of the above-mentioned prior art problems.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane, the innovation of which is: comprising:

[0005] A bolt head fixing assembly, the bolt head fixing assembly comprising a first fixing groove for fixing the bolt head provided on the bottom surface of the top cap;

[0006] The nut rotating assembly includes a bottom cap and a nut rotating sleeve arranged on the bottom cap, a bearing is arranged on the top surface of the bottom cap, a rotating shaft is arranged on the bearing, the end of the rotating shaft extends downward to the bottom of the bottom cap, and the nut rotating sleeve is assembled on the top of the rotating shaft;

[0007] The upper and lower docking assembly connects the bolt head fixing assembly and the nut rotating assembly into an integral part. The upper and lower docking assembly includes an upper docking part and a lower docking part. The upper docking part is arranged on the top cap, and the lower docking part is arranged on the bottom cap. The upper and lower docking assembly can adjust the distance between the bolt head fixing assembly and the nut rotating assembly by pulling the upper docking part or the lower docking part.

[0008] The power assembly is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bolt head fixing assembly also includes a replacement assembly for replacing first fixing grooves of different sizes, the replacement assembly includes a replacement groove arranged on the top cap and a replacement block that can be assembled in the replacement groove, and the first fixing groove is arranged on the replacement block.

[0010] In some embodiments, a second fixing groove is provided at the top of the nut rotating sleeve, and the second fixing groove includes a lower layer and an upper layer, the outer contour of the lower layer is consistent with the outer contour of the nut, and the cross-section of the upper layer is the circumscribed circle of the outer contour of the lower layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the upper docking part includes a top block and a guide column arranged on the top block, the lower docking part includes a bottom block and a guide tube arranged on the bottom block, a movable plate is provided on the bottom block at the bottom of the guide tube, the movable plate can rotate freely around its own axis on the bottom block, the guide column is inserted into the guide tube, and the upper and lower docking components also include a reset spring, which is assembled in the guide tube, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the guide column, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power assembly is one or more of a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor, or an electric motor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the nut rotating sleeve includes a rotating column, a fixed column and a nut sleeve, the rotating column is strung in the inner cavity of the fixed column and the two ends of the rotating column pass through the two ends of the fixed column, the nut sleeve is fixed on the rotating column, and the rotating column is docked with the rotating shaft.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power assembly is a hydraulic power structure, which includes a hydraulic cylinder with a fixed clamp provided on the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic power structure also includes a piston rod with a movable clamp provided on the piston rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and is suitable for large-scale production. At the same time, the installation method is simple, and it can effectively protect the safety of construction personnel, eliminate the potential safety hazards existing in the prior art, and prevent the occurrence of safety incidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0017] Figure 1 The utility model is an axial view of an automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 The invention discloses a side view of an automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane.

[0019] Figure 3 The invention discloses a front view of an automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA direction profile.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the nut rotating sleeve of the second embodiment.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic power structure of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention includes: an automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane, including a bolt head fixing assembly 100, a nut rotating assembly 200, an upper and lower docking assembly 300 and a power assembly 400, the bolt head fixing assembly 100 includes a top cap 101 on the bottom surface of which is provided with a first fixing groove 104 for fixing the bolt head, and the outline of the first fixing groove 104 is a regular hexagon; the bolt head fixing assembly 100 also includes a replacement assembly for replacing first fixing grooves 104 of different sizes, the replacement assembly includes a replacement groove 103 arranged on the top cap 101 and a replacement block 102 that can be assembled in the replacement groove 103, all replacement blocks have the same size, and are convenient for replacement, the first fixing groove 104 is arranged on the replacement block 102, and the replacement block 102 and the replacement groove 103 in the above structure can be quickly connected and fixed by threaded connection, key connection or other fast connection methods, which can be convenient for disassembly and replacement.

[0026] The nut rotating assembly 200 includes a bottom cap 201 and a nut rotating sleeve 202 arranged on the bottom cap 201. A bearing is arranged on the top surface of the bottom cap 201, and a rotating shaft 203 is arranged on the bearing. The end of the rotating shaft 203 extends downward to the bottom of the bottom cap 201. The nut rotating sleeve is assembled on the top of the rotating shaft 203. The top of the nut rotating sleeve is provided with a second fixing groove. The second fixing groove includes a lower layer 205 and an upper layer 204. The outer contour of the lower layer 205 is consistent with the outer contour of the nut. The cross section of the upper layer 204 is the circumscribed circle of the outer contour of the lower layer 205. The nut rotating sleeve in the above structure is also equipped with multiple, wherein the nut rotating sleeve The structures of the tubes are the same, and second fixing grooves of different sizes are arranged thereon to cope with different nuts; the lower layer 205 of the second fixing groove is used to match the nut profile, and the upper layer 204 is used to provide space for the double-layer nut to flow out, so that when the nut is tightened, only the lower nut is screwed to prevent the upper nut from rotating, thereby affecting the removal or installation. Since two nuts are required to be tightened on the bolts of the standard interval, there are two types of nut rotating sleeve 202 devices, the lower layer 205 is used to screw the first nut, and the upper layer 204 is equivalent to the front end inner diameter of the nut thickness and is in the shape of an enlarged cylinder, which has no fixing effect on the nut, so when the second nut is screwed, the first nut will not be screwed.

[0027] The upper and lower docking assembly 300 connects the bolt head fixing assembly 100 and the nut rotating assembly 200 into an integral part. The upper and lower docking assembly 300 includes an upper docking part and a lower docking part. The upper docking part is arranged on the top cap 101, and the lower docking part is arranged on the bottom cap 201. The upper and lower docking assembly 300 can adjust the distance between the bolt head fixing assembly 100 and the nut rotating assembly 200 by pulling the upper docking part or the lower docking part; the upper docking part includes a top block 301 and a guide column 302 arranged on the top block 301, and the lower docking part includes a bottom block 303 and a guide tube 304 arranged on the bottom block 303. A movable plate 305 is provided on the bottom of the guide tube 304 on the bottom block 303, and the movable plate 305 can rotate freely around its own axis on the bottom block 303. The guide column 302 is inserted into the guide tube 304. The upper and lower docking assembly 300 also includes The return spring 306 is assembled in the guide tube 304, one end of the return spring 306 is fixedly connected to the guide column 302, and the other end of the return spring 306 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 305. In the above structure, the upper and lower docking components 300 can manually stretch the distance between the two while connecting the two as an integral part to match the lengths of bolts of different lengths. The return spring 306 can also automatically reset after the nut is tightened or tightened, wherein the guide column 302 and the guide tube 304 cooperate with each other to stretch and guide to prevent deviation. A movable plate 305 is provided at the bottom of the guide tube 304. The movable plate 305 is fixed to the return spring 306 while the movable plate 305 can rotate freely, so that the bolt head fixing component 100 and the nut rotating component 200 can be freely rotated to adjust the angle during stretching, which is convenient for the nesting and matching of the bolt head and the nut.

[0028] The power assembly 400 is used to drive the rotating shaft 203 to rotate. The power assembly 400 is one or more of a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor or an electric motor. The above structure is used to match the existing hydraulic, pneumatic or electric equipment on the tower crane to meet different needs. The reaction force generated when the power assembly screws the nut is transmitted to the bolt head through the upper and lower docking assemblies 300 and the bolt head fixing assembly 100. In order to ensure that the nut is tightened enough, a torque detection device is provided on the power assembly, and the screwing stops when the torque reaches a preset value.

[0029] The working principle of the above structure is: when the personnel climbs to the position of the tower crane bolt, they select the appropriate replacement block 102 and the nut rotating sleeve for assembly, and manually pull the bolt head fixing assembly 100 and the nut rotating assembly 200 to the appropriate spacing. During this period, the pulling direction and spacing are controlled by the upper and lower docking assemblies 300. At the same time, the movable plate 305 also gives the bolt head fixing assembly 100 and the nut rotating assembly 200 a horizontal angle. At this time, he then puts the first fixing groove 104 on the bolt head, the nut rotating sleeve on the nut, selects the appropriate power to drive the rotating shaft 203 to rotate, and drives the nut rotating sleeve to rotate, thereby realizing the tightening or disassembly of the nut.

[0030] Embodiment 2

[0031] Its main body has the same structure as that of embodiment 1, with the difference being that the nut rotating sleeve 202 includes a rotating column 2021, a fixed column 2022 and a nut sleeve 2023, the rotating column 2021 is strung in the inner cavity of the fixed column 2022 and the two ends of the rotating column 2021 pass through the two ends of the fixed column 2022, the nut sleeve 2023 is fixed on the rotating column 2021, and the rotating column 2021 is docked with the rotating shaft.

[0032] The power assembly 400 is a hydraulic power structure, which includes a hydraulic cylinder 4001 , on which a fixed clamp 4002 is provided, and a piston rod 4003 , on which a movable clamp 4004 is provided.

[0033] Device implementation method: When used to tighten the bolt, a worker first inserts the bolt into the bolt ears of two standard sections from top to bottom, and then puts a nut into the bottom of the nut rotating sleeve. Then the worker pulls apart the upper and lower docking components, manually puts the upper bolt head fixing device on the bolt head, and the lower nut rotating sleeve is put on the bolt rod end, so that the upper and lower ends are clamped on the bolt ears. Finally, the hydraulic power structure is started, and the nut rotating sleeve begins to rotate, so that the nut rotates and rises, and is gradually tightened. The sleeve of the automatic bolt tightening device used to loosen the bolt rotates in the opposite direction. The worker first pulls apart the upper and lower docking components with force, puts the upper bolt head fixing device on the bolt head, and the lower nut rotating sleeve is put on the bolt rod end, and then starts the hydraulic power structure to unscrew the nut. Finally, the elastic telescopic arm is pulled apart again to remove the device from the bolt ear, and the unscrewed nut falls to the bottom of the nut rotating sleeve.

[0034] Working principle of hydraulic power structure: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the fixed clamp 4002 of the hydraulic power structure clamps the fixed column 2022 of the nut rotating sleeve, and the movable clamp 4004, under the push of the piston, moves the gear on the rotating column 2021, and the rotating column 2021 and the nut sleeve 2023 are rigidly connected. When the rotating column 2021 rotates, the nut sleeve 2023 rotates together, driving the internal nut to rotate, and the fixed column 2022 does not rotate. Figure 6 As shown, the fixed pliers 4002 have two upper and lower pieces, which are respectively fixed on the upper and lower fixed columns 2022 of the nut rotating sleeve. The movable pliers 4004 use metal teeth to move the gears on the rotating column 2021. This movement is one-way. When the piston rod 4003 contracts, the metal teeth relax and do not move. When the piston rod 4003 is extended, the metal teeth are stuck in the gears on the cylinder to rotate the cylinder (this part has a mature mechanical structure and will not be described in detail). The hydraulic power structure for tightening and loosening the nut works in opposite directions. When the piston rod 4003 is extended, the rotation of the nut will generate reaction forces, which are transmitted to the bolt head fixing device through the oil cylinder and the power telescopic arm. Therefore, the power telescopic arm should be thicker and have stronger torsion resistance, and the elasticity of the spring should be as large as possible.

[0035] In addition, the terms used in any technical solution disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationship or shape include the state or shape that is similar, similar or close to it unless otherwise stated. Any component provided by the present invention can be assembled from multiple separate components or can be a separate component manufactured by an integrated molding process.

[0036] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane, characterized in that: include A bolt head fixing assembly (100), wherein the bolt head fixing assembly (100) comprises a top cap (101) having a first fixing groove (104) on the bottom surface thereof for fixing the bolt head; A nut rotating assembly (200), the nut rotating assembly (200) comprising a bottom cap (201) and a nut rotating sleeve (202) arranged on the bottom cap (201), a bearing being arranged on the top surface of the bottom cap (201), a rotating shaft (203) being arranged on the bearing, a distal end of the rotating shaft (203) extending downward to below the bottom cap (201), and the nut rotating sleeve being assembled on the top of the rotating shaft (203); An upper and lower docking assembly (300), wherein the upper and lower docking assembly (300) connects the bolt head fixing assembly (100) and the nut rotating assembly (200) into an integral part, wherein the upper and lower docking assembly (300) comprises an upper docking portion and a lower docking portion, wherein the upper docking portion is arranged on the top cap (101), and the lower docking portion is arranged on the bottom cap (201), and the upper and lower docking assembly (300) can adjust the distance between the bolt head fixing assembly (100) and the nut rotating assembly (200) by pulling the upper docking portion or the lower docking portion; A power assembly (400), wherein the power assembly (400) is used to drive the rotating shaft (203) to rotate.

2. The automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt head fixing assembly (100) further comprises a replacement assembly for replacing first fixing grooves (104) of different sizes, the replacement assembly comprising a replacement groove (103) arranged on the top cap (101) and a replacement block (102) which can be assembled in the replacement groove (103), and the first fixing groove (104) is arranged on the replacement block (102).

3. The automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second fixing groove is provided at the top of the nut rotating sleeve, and the second fixing groove includes a lower layer (205) and an upper layer (204). The outer contour of the lower layer (205) is consistent with the outer contour of the nut, and the cross-section of the upper layer (204) is the circumscribed circle of the outer contour of the lower layer (205).

4. The automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper docking part comprises a top block (301) and a guide column (302) arranged on the top block (301); the lower docking part comprises a bottom block (303) and a guide tube (304) arranged on the bottom block (303); a movable plate (305) is arranged on the bottom of the guide tube (304) on the bottom block (303); the movable plate (305) can freely rotate around its own axis on the bottom block (303); the guide column (302) is inserted into the guide tube (304); the upper and lower docking components (300) further comprise a reset spring (306); the reset spring (306) is assembled in the guide tube (304); one end of the reset spring (306) is fixedly connected to the guide column (302); and the other end of the reset spring (306) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (305).

5. The automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly (400) is one or more of a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic motor or an electric motor.

6. The automatic bolt tightening device on a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back side of the bottom cap (201) is also provided with an assembly column for assembling the power assembly (400).

7. The automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut rotating sleeve (202) comprises a rotating column (2021), a fixed column (2022) and a nut sleeve (2023); the rotating column (2021) is strung in the inner cavity of the fixed column (2022) and two ends of the rotating column (2021) pass through two ends of the fixed column (2022); the nut sleeve (2023) is fixed on the rotating column (2021), and the rotating column (2021) is butt-jointed with a rotating shaft.

8. The automatic bolt tightening device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly (400) is a hydraulic power structure, which includes a hydraulic cylinder (4001) on which a fixed clamp (4002) is provided. The hydraulic power structure also includes a piston rod (4003) on which a movable clamp (4004) is provided.

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