Composite material cutting device and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of processing weak rigid thin-walled components, and particularly relates to a composite material cutting device and method. The device includes a machine tool, a fixture, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a follower beam, a tool feeding mechanism, a heating module and a follower support mechanism. The fixture is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, and the fixture is used to fix the thin-walled workpiece. The three-dimensional motion mechanism and the tool feeding mechanism are both arranged on the machine tool. The tool feeding mechanism is used to cut the thin-walled workpiece. The three-dimensional motion mechanism is located at the end of the fixed thin-walled workpiece, and the output end is connected to the follower beam. The follower beam is parallel to the main shaft, and the end of the follower beam is connected to the follower support mechanism. The follower support mechanism is used to support the cutting part on the inner side of the thin-walled workpiece. The heating module is arranged on the tool feeding mechanism, and the heating module is used to preheat the area to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece. The present invention performs follower support through the follower support mechanism, reduces the deformation of parts during the processing, improves the processing accuracy, and has relatively good versatility and part adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of processing weak-rigidity thin-walled components, and in particular relates to a composite material cutting device and method. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum-based silicon carbide material is a new type of composite material that has developed rapidly in recent years. It has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, etc.; but a series of excellent properties are obtained at the expense of the material's plasticity, toughness and machinability. During the cutting process, the tool alternately cuts the softer plastic aluminum matrix and the high-hardness brittle silicon carbide particles, which has a greater impact on the tool, and the cutting edge is prone to cracking when using ceramic tools.

[0003] It is generally believed that when the ratio of the wall thickness to the inner diameter curvature radius (or profile size) of a part is less than 1:20, it is called a thin-walled part. Thin-walled shell parts are widely used due to their light weight, compact structure, superior overall performance, and material saving. However, as the wall thickness of the part decreases, the rigidity of the part becomes poor. Under the action of cutting force, the machining system of the thin-walled part is prone to vibration, local elastic deformation, and overall machining deformation caused by uneven distribution of residual stress, which will directly affect the machining accuracy of the part and further affect the use effect of the part.

[0004] Due to the special characteristics of the material, the thin-walled shell parts made of aluminum-based silicon carbide have poor plasticity and toughness. The vibration during the processing not only affects the processing accuracy, but also causes the cutting edge of the tool to break. In severe cases, it even causes cracks in the material, resulting in the scrapping of the parts. Based on the above technical difficulties, how to solve the processing technology solution of high-precision aluminum-based silicon carbide thin-walled shell parts, ensure the processing accuracy of parts, and reduce the processing cost of parts has become a problem that process technicians need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite material cutting device and method to solve the problems that it is difficult to ensure the processing accuracy of thin-walled shell parts made of existing aluminum-based silicon carbide materials and the material is prone to cracks, resulting in the scrapping of parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a composite material cutting device, including a machine tool, a fixture, a three-dimensional motion mechanism, a follower beam, a tool feeding mechanism, a heating module and a follower support mechanism, wherein the fixture is connected to the main shaft of the machine tool, the fixture is used to fix a thin-walled workpiece, the three-dimensional motion mechanism and the tool feeding mechanism are both arranged on the machine tool, the tool feeding mechanism is located on the side of the thin-walled workpiece, the tool feeding mechanism is used to perform a cutting process on the thin-walled workpiece, the three-dimensional motion mechanism is located at the end of the fixed thin-walled workpiece, and the output end of the three-dimensional motion mechanism is connected to the follower beam, the follower beam is parallel to the main shaft, and the end of the follower beam is connected to the follower support mechanism, the follower support mechanism is used to support the cutting part on the inner side of the thin-walled workpiece, the heating module is arranged on the tool feeding mechanism, and the heating module is used to preheat the area to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the tool feeding mechanism includes a three-dimensional motion platform, a turntable, an ultrasonic generator and a tool, wherein the three-dimensional motion platform is arranged on one side of the machine tool, the turntable is arranged on the three-dimensional motion platform, the ultrasonic generator is arranged at an eccentric position of the turntable, the tool is arranged on the ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator applies ultrasonic vibration to the tool.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the tool includes a handle and a ceramic blade, wherein one end of the handle is connected to the output end of the ultrasonic generator, and the other end of the handle is connected to the ceramic blade.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the heating module includes a support column, a swing arm, a fiber laser, a swing power source and a temperature sensor, wherein the support column is arranged at the center of the turntable, the swing power source is arranged on the support column, the output end of the swing power source is connected to one end of the swing arm, and the other end of the swing arm is connected to the fiber laser; the swing power source drives the fiber laser to swing up and down through the swing arm, the fiber laser is used to emit a laser beam to the surface to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece for preheating, and the fiber laser has thermal imaging vision and can collect the temperature field of the processing area of ​​the thin-walled workpiece online.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the follower support mechanism includes multiple sets of telescopic follower support rods; the multiple sets of follower support rods are vertically connected to the follower beams, and the ends of each set of follower support rods abut against different positions of the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the follower support rod includes a rolling wheel, a telescopic rod, a wire encoder and a linear module, wherein one end of the telescopic rod is vertically slidably connected to the follower beam, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the rolling wheel, and the rolling wheel is in rolling contact with the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece;

[0013] The wire encoder and the linear module are both vertically arranged on the follower beam, and the power output end of the linear module and the wire telescopic wire head of the wire encoder are both connected to the telescopic rod. The linear module is used to drive the telescopic rod to extend and retract relative to the follower beam, and the wire encoder is used to measure in real time the spatial position changes of the contact point between the rolling wheel and the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a vibration sensor is provided on the telescopic rod near the rolling wheel, and the vibration sensor is used to collect spatial vibration information of the contact point between the rolling wheel and the thin-walled workpiece.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the clamp includes an inner clamp disk and an outer clamp ring, wherein the inner clamp disk is detachably connected to the spindle, and the inner clamp disk is coaxial with the spindle;

[0016] The outer clamp ring is mounted on the outer side of one end of the thin-walled workpiece by heat-fitting, and the thin-walled workpiece with the outer clamp ring is heat-fitted on the outer side of the inner clamp disk, and the outer clamp ring is detachably connected to the main shaft.

[0017] Another aspect of the present invention provides a composite material cutting method using the above device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: Fixing the thin-walled workpiece on the spindle of the machine tool by a fixture;

[0019] Step S2: the spindle drives the thin-walled workpiece to rotate;

[0020] Step S3: the follower support mechanism rolls with the inner wall of the thin-walled workpiece through the rolling wheel, and applies pre-pressure to the thin-walled workpiece;

[0021] Step S4: preheating the thin-walled workpiece by a heating module;

[0022] Step S5: cutting the preheated thin-walled workpiece by a tool feeding mechanism, and cooling the cut portion of the thin-walled workpiece by cooling water;

[0023] Step S6: the wire encoder detects the feeding deformation information of the thin-walled workpiece online and outputs it; the vibration sensor collects the spatial vibration information of the contact point between the rolling wheel and the thin-walled workpiece;

[0024] Step S7: when the feed deformation information of the thin-walled workpiece detected by the wire encoder does not reach the set value, repeat steps S3 to S6;

[0025] Step S8: the tool feeding mechanism moves axially until the entire cutting process of the thin-walled workpiece is completed;

[0026] Step S9: disassembling the thin-walled workpiece and inspecting it.

[0027] In a possible implementation, in step S5, ultrasonic vibration is generated by an ultrasonic generator to cause periodic high-frequency clutching between the tool and the thin-walled workpiece, thereby achieving ultrasonic-assisted machining.

[0028] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: a composite material cutting device provided by the present invention performs follow-up support through a follow-up support mechanism during the cutting process, adopts stiffness finite element analysis technology and an online servo control adjustment method of the support force, reduces part deformation during the processing process, improves processing accuracy, and has relatively good versatility and part adaptability.

[0029] The present invention detects the feed deformation, spatial vibration information and temperature field of the thin-walled workpiece in real time, thereby avoiding the chipping of the cutting edge, ensuring the processing accuracy, preventing the material from cracking, and thus effectively avoiding the scrapping of parts.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a composite material cutting device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a composite material cutting device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0038] In the figure: 1-machine tool, 2-spindle, 3-fixture, 301-inner fixture plate, 302-outer fixture ring, 4-thin-walled workpiece, 5-motion mechanism, 501-Y-axis motion module, 502-Z-axis motion module, 6-follow-up beam, 7-tool feeding mechanism, 701-column, 702-Y-axis horizontal beam, 703-turntable, 704-ultrasonic generator, 705-tool handle, 706-ceramic blade, 707-X-axis horizontal beam, 8-heating module, 801-support column, 802-swing arm, 803-laser beam, 804-fiber laser, 9-follow-up support mechanism, 901-rolling wheel, 902-telescopic rod, 903-servo cylinder, 904-wire encoder, 905-vibration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composite material cutting device, including a machine tool 1, a fixture 3, a three-dimensional motion mechanism 5, a follower beam 6, a tool feeding mechanism 7, a heating module 8 and a follower support mechanism 9, wherein the fixture 3 is connected to the main shaft 2 of the machine tool 1, the fixture 3 is used to fix the thin-walled workpiece 4, the three-dimensional motion mechanism 5 and the tool feeding mechanism 7 are both arranged on the machine tool 1, the tool feeding mechanism 7 is located on the side of the thin-walled workpiece 4, the tool feeding mechanism 7 is used to perform a cutting process on the thin-walled workpiece 4, the three-dimensional motion mechanism 5 is located at the end of the fixed thin-walled workpiece 4, and the output end of the three-dimensional motion mechanism 5 is connected to the follower beam 6, the follower beam 6 is parallel to the main shaft 2, and the end of the follower beam 6 is connected to the follower support mechanism 9, the follower support mechanism 9 is used to support the cutting part on the inner side of the thin-walled workpiece 4, the heating module 8 is arranged on the tool feeding mechanism 7, and the heating module 8 is used to preheat the area to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece 4.

[0042] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tool feeding mechanism 7 includes a three-dimensional motion platform, a turntable 703, an ultrasonic generator 704 and a tool, wherein the three-dimensional motion platform is arranged on one side of the machine tool 1, the turntable 703 is arranged on the three-dimensional motion platform, the ultrasonic generator 704 is arranged at an eccentric position of the turntable 703, the tool is arranged on the ultrasonic generator 704, and the ultrasonic generator 704 applies ultrasonic vibration to the tool.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tool includes a handle 705 and a ceramic blade 706, wherein one end of the handle 705 is connected to the output end of the ultrasonic generator 704, and the other end of the handle 705 is connected to the ceramic blade 706. The ultrasonic power supply applies ultrasonic vibration to the ceramic blade 706 through the ultrasonic generator 704, so that the cutting edge of the ceramic blade 706 and the thin-walled workpiece 4 produce periodic high-frequency clutch. Therefore, the ceramic blade 706 can be ultrasonically assisted. The ceramic blade 706 has three degrees of freedom relative to the ground for turning feed motion, and at the same time, the ceramic blade 706 generates regular periodic high-frequency vibrations by ultrasonic waves to suppress the flutter of the workpiece and related structures. The addition of ultrasonic vibration reduces the contact time between the ceramic blade 706 and the thin-walled workpiece 4, and reduces the friction between the front cutting surface of the ceramic blade 706 and the chips. Therefore, ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling can reduce tool wear and increase tool life.

[0044] Specifically, the length of the ceramic blade 706 may be orthogonal to the outer generatrix of the thin-walled workpiece 4 , and the length of the ceramic blade 706 may also be orthogonal to the surface normal of any point on the outer surface of the thin-walled workpiece 4 .

[0045] Furthermore, a coolant injection module is provided under the tool handle 705. The cooling liquid sprayed by the coolant injection module is applied to the surface of the thin-walled workpiece 4 after cutting. The material of the thin-walled workpiece 4 is cooled to a certain temperature in a short time, crystallization occurs, and the strength and hardness of the material are improved.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the heating module 8 includes a support column 801, a swing arm 802, a fiber laser 804 and a swing power source, wherein the support column 801 is arranged at the center of the turntable 703, the swing power source is arranged on the support column 801, the output end of the swing power source is connected to one end of the swing arm 802, and the other end of the swing arm 802 is connected to the fiber laser 804; the swing power source drives the fiber laser 804 to swing up and down through the swing arm 802, and the fiber laser 804 is used to emit a laser beam 803 to the surface to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece 4 for preheating.

[0047] Specifically, the fiber laser 804 emits a laser beam 803 and applies it to the surface to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece 4. The material of the thin-walled workpiece 4 is heated to a certain temperature in a short time, and thermal softening occurs, reducing the strength and hardness of the material. The fiber laser 804 has thermal imaging vision, which can collect the temperature field of the workpiece processing area online.

[0048] Specifically, the three-dimensional motion platform includes an X-axis horizontal beam 707, a column 701, and a Y-axis horizontal beam 702, which are connected in sequence from bottom to top and all have linear drive. The X-axis horizontal beam 707 has the degree of freedom to move horizontally along the X direction, the column 701 has the degree of freedom to move along the Z direction, and the Y-axis horizontal beam 702 has the degree of freedom to move horizontally along the Y direction. The linear drive can adopt a screw nut combined with a guide rail slider mechanism, or any other mechanism in the prior art that can realize the linear drive function, which is not specifically limited here.

[0049] See also Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the fixture 3 includes an inner fixture disk 301 and an outer fixture ring 302, wherein the inner fixture disk 301 is detachably connected to the spindle 2 by screws, and the inner fixture disk 301 is coaxial with the spindle 2; the outer fixture ring 302 is mounted on the outer side of one end of the thin-walled workpiece 4 by a heat-fitting method, and the thin-walled workpiece 4 with the outer fixture ring 302 is heat-fitted on the outer contoured cylindrical surface of the inner fixture disk 301, and the outer fixture ring 302 is detachably connected to the spindle 2 by screws.

[0050] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the follower support mechanism 9 includes multiple sets of follower support rods that can be extended and retracted; the multiple sets of follower support rods are vertically connected to the follower beam 6, and the ends of each set of follower support rods are respectively abutted against different positions on the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece 4. In this embodiment, two sets of parallel follower support rods are used for support.

[0051] See also Figure 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the follower support rod includes a rolling wheel 901, a telescopic rod 902, a wire encoder 904 and a linear module, wherein one end of the telescopic rod 902 is vertically slidably connected to the follower beam 6, and the other end of the telescopic rod 902 is connected to the rolling wheel 901, and the rolling wheel 901 is in rolling contact with the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece 4; the wire encoder 904 and the linear module are both vertically arranged on the follower beam 6, and the power output end of the linear module and the wire telescopic wire head of the wire encoder 904 are both connected to the telescopic rod 902, the linear module is used to drive the telescopic rod 902 to extend and retract relative to the follower beam 6, and the wire encoder 904 is used to measure in real time the spatial position changes of the contact point between the rolling wheel 901 and the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece 4.

[0052] Furthermore, a vibration sensor 905 is provided on the telescopic rod 902 near the rolling wheel 901 , and the vibration sensor 905 is used to collect spatial vibration information of the contact point between the rolling wheel 901 and the thin-walled workpiece 4 .

[0053] In this embodiment, the linear module uses a servo cylinder 903, the housing of the servo cylinder 903 is fixed on the follower beam 6, and the cylinder rod head of the servo cylinder 903 is fixed on the telescopic rod 902. Therefore, the servo cylinder 903 can adjust the rolling support force of the rolling wheel 901 on the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece 4.

[0054] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional motion mechanism 5 includes a Y-direction motion module 501 and a Z-direction motion module 502, wherein the Y-direction motion module 501 is arranged on the X-direction motion module contained in the machine tool 1, and the X-direction motion module drives the Y-direction motion module 501 to move in the X-direction; the Z-direction motion module 502 is connected to the output end of the Y-direction motion module 501, and can move in the Y-direction through the drive of the Y-direction motion module 501; the output end of the Z-direction motion module 502 is connected to the follower beam 6, and can drive the follower beam 6 to move in the Z-direction. The X, Y, and Z-direction motion modules can adopt a screw nut and a guide rail slider mechanism, or any mechanism in the prior art that can achieve linear motion, which is not specifically limited here.

[0055] In this embodiment, the thin-walled workpiece 4 is a high-precision aluminum-based silicon carbide thin-walled shell-like part, and the ratio of the wall thickness of 10mm to the inner diameter curvature radius (or the outline size of 1380mm) is 1:138. When the wall thickness and the inner diameter curvature radius are less than 1:20, it is called a thin-walled part. High precision requires 7-level geometric tolerances for conventional mechanical products, and this product reaches 5-level geometric tolerances.

[0056] The present invention provides a composite material cutting device, which performs follow-up support through a follow-up support mechanism during the cutting process, adopts stiffness finite element analysis technology and an online servo control adjustment method for the support force, reduces part deformation during the processing process, improves processing accuracy, and has good versatility and part adaptability. The tool adopts ultrasonic vibration to assist processing, which can speed up chip discharge, eliminate tool chatter, reduce milling force and cutting heat, ensure processing dimensional accuracy, improve workpiece surface quality and processing efficiency, and save processing costs.

[0057] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a composite material cutting method using the device in the above embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: Fixing a thin-walled workpiece 4 on a spindle 2 of a machine tool 1 by a fixture 3;

[0059] Specifically, the clamp 3 is preferably clamped and fixed by thermal mounting;

[0060] Step S2: the spindle 2 drives the thin-walled workpiece 4 to rotate;

[0061] Step S3: The follower support mechanism 9 rolls with the inner wall of the thin-walled workpiece 4 through the rolling wheel 901 and applies pre-pressure to the thin-walled workpiece 4;

[0062] Step S4: preheating the to-be-processed area of ​​the thin-walled workpiece 4 by means of the heating module 8;

[0063] Step S5: cutting the preheated thin-walled workpiece 4 by the tool feeding mechanism 7, and cooling the cut portion of the thin-walled workpiece 4 by cooling water;

[0064] Step S6: the wire encoder 904 detects the feeding deformation information of the thin-walled workpiece 4 online and outputs it; the vibration sensor 905 collects the spatial vibration information of the contact point between the rolling wheel 901 and the thin-walled workpiece 4;

[0065] Step S7: when the feed deformation information of the thin-walled workpiece 4 detected by the wire encoder 904 does not reach the set value, repeat steps S3 to S6;

[0066] Step S8: the tool feeding mechanism 7 moves axially until the entire cutting process of the thin-walled workpiece 4 is completed;

[0067] Step S9: disassembling the thin-walled workpiece 4 and inspecting it.

[0068] In step S5, ultrasonic vibration is generated by the ultrasonic generator 704, so that the tool and the thin-walled workpiece 4 are periodically coupled at high frequencies to achieve ultrasonic-assisted processing. The laser beam 803 and cooling water form a feed temperature field to pre-deform the thin-walled workpiece 4 by thermal stress.

[0069] In this embodiment, the cutting process of the entire device is controlled by an online programming numerical control system, which receives the feed deformation information output by the wire encoder 904, the spatial vibration information output by the vibration sensor 905, and the temperature field information of the processing area. The online programming numerical control system uses the stiffness, displacement, vibration data and temperature data of the input qualified thin-walled workpiece as the annotation data, and predicts through finite element stiffness calculation whether the thin-walled workpiece 4 can meet the final process requirements after disassembly. Real-time monitoring is performed during the cutting process. If there is an abnormality, the spindle 2 of the machine tool 1 is braked in time to prevent the thin-walled workpiece 4 from being scrapped during the processing process.

[0070] The present invention provides a composite material cutting method, which ensures machining accuracy and prevents material cracks by real-time detection of the feed deformation, spatial vibration information and temperature field of a thin-walled workpiece, thereby effectively avoiding the scrapping of parts.

[0071] The present invention performs follow-up support through a follow-up support mechanism, adopts a stiffness finite element analysis technology and an online servo control adjustment method for the support force, reduces part deformation during processing, improves processing accuracy, and has relatively good versatility and part adaptability.

[0072] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A composite material cutting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a machine tool (1), a fixture (3), a three-dimensional motion mechanism (5), a follower beam (6), a tool feeding mechanism (7), a heating module (8) and a follower support mechanism (9), wherein the fixture (3) is connected to a spindle (2) of the machine tool (1), the fixture (3) is used to fix a thin-walled workpiece (4), the three-dimensional motion mechanism (5) and the tool feeding mechanism (7) are both arranged on the machine tool (1), the tool feeding mechanism (7) is located on the side of the thin-walled workpiece (4), and the tool feeding mechanism (7) is used to ) for cutting process, the three-dimensional motion mechanism (5) is located at the end of the fixed thin-walled workpiece (4), and the output end of the three-dimensional motion mechanism (5) is connected to the follower beam (6), the follower beam (6) is parallel to the main axis (2), and the end of the follower beam (6) is connected to the follower support mechanism (9), the follower support mechanism (9) is used to support the cutting part on the inner side of the thin-walled workpiece (4), the heating module (8) is arranged on the tool feeding mechanism (7), and the heating module (8) is used to preheat the area to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece (4); The tool feeding mechanism (7) comprises a three-dimensional motion platform, a turntable (703), an ultrasonic generator (704) and a tool, wherein the three-dimensional motion platform is arranged on one side of the machine tool (1), the turntable (703) is arranged on the three-dimensional motion platform, the ultrasonic generator (704) is arranged at an eccentric position of the turntable (703), the tool is arranged on the ultrasonic generator (704), and the ultrasonic generator (704) applies ultrasonic vibration to the tool; The follower support mechanism (9) comprises a plurality of sets of telescopic follower support rods; the plurality of sets of follower support rods are vertically connected to the follower beam (6), and the ends of each set of follower support rods are respectively in contact with different positions of the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece (4); The follower support rod comprises a rolling wheel (901), a telescopic rod (902), a wire encoder (904) and a linear module, wherein one end of the telescopic rod (902) is vertically slidably connected to the follower beam (6), the other end of the telescopic rod (902) is connected to the rolling wheel (901), and the rolling wheel (901) is in rolling contact with the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece (4); The wire encoder (904) and the linear module are both vertically arranged on the follower beam (6), and the power output end of the linear module and the wire extension and retraction wire head of the wire encoder (904) are both connected to the telescopic rod (902). The linear module is used to drive the telescopic rod (902) to extend and retract relative to the follower beam (6), and the wire encoder (904) is used to measure in real time the spatial position change of the contact point between the rolling wheel (901) and the inner surface of the thin-walled workpiece (4).

2. The composite material cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool comprises a handle (705) and a ceramic blade (706), wherein one end of the handle (705) is connected to the output end of the ultrasonic generator (704), and the other end of the handle (705) is connected to the ceramic blade (706).

3. The composite material cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating module (8) comprises a support column (801), a swing arm (802), a fiber laser (804), a swing power source and a temperature sensor, wherein the support column (801) is arranged at the center of the turntable (703), the swing power source is arranged on the support column (801), the output end of the swing power source is connected to one end of the swing arm (802), and the other end of the swing arm (802) is connected to the fiber laser (804); the swing power source drives the fiber laser (804) to swing up and down through the swing arm (802), the fiber laser (804) is used to emit a laser beam (803) to the surface to be processed of the thin-walled workpiece (4) for preheating, and the fiber laser (804) has thermal imaging vision and can collect the temperature field of the processing area of ​​the thin-walled workpiece (4) online.

4. The composite material cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibration sensor (905) is provided on the telescopic rod (902) near the rolling wheel (901), and the vibration sensor (905) is used to collect spatial vibration information of the contact point between the rolling wheel (901) and the thin-walled workpiece (4).

5. The composite material cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (3) comprises an inner clamp disk (301) and an outer clamp ring (302), wherein the inner clamp disk (301) is detachably connected to the spindle (2), and the inner clamp disk (301) is coaxial with the spindle (2); The outer clamp ring (302) is mounted on the outer side of one end of the thin-walled workpiece (4) by means of heat-fitting, and the thin-walled workpiece (4) with the outer clamp ring (302) is heat-fitted on the outer side of the inner clamp plate (301), and the outer clamp ring (302) is detachably connected to the main shaft (2).

6. A composite material cutting method using the device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Fixing a thin-walled workpiece (4) on a spindle (2) of a machine tool (1) by a fixture (3); Step S2: the spindle (2) drives the thin-walled workpiece (4) to rotate; Step S3: the follower support mechanism (9) rolls with the inner wall of the thin-walled workpiece (4) through the rolling wheel (901), and applies a pre-pressure to the thin-walled workpiece (4); Step S4: preheating the thin-walled workpiece (4) by means of a heating module (8); Step S5: cutting the preheated thin-walled workpiece (4) by means of a tool feeding mechanism (7), and cooling the cut portion of the thin-walled workpiece (4) by means of cooling water; Step S6: the wire encoder (904) detects the feeding deformation information of the thin-walled workpiece (4) online and outputs it; the vibration sensor (905) collects the spatial vibration information of the contact point between the rolling wheel (901) and the thin-walled workpiece (4); Step S7: when the feed deformation information of the thin-walled workpiece (4) detected by the wire encoder (904) does not reach the set value, repeating steps S3 to S6; Step S8: the tool feeding mechanism (7) moves axially until the entire cutting process of the thin-walled workpiece (4) is completed; Step S9: disassembling the thin-walled workpiece (4) and inspecting it.

7. The composite material cutting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, ultrasonic vibration is generated by an ultrasonic generator (704), so that the tool and the thin-walled workpiece (4) are periodically coupled at high frequencies, thereby achieving ultrasonic-assisted machining.

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