Vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system and method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide trapping system and method and a vehicle. The system comprises a first multi-way valve, a second multi-way valve and a plurality of adsorption / desorption devices, an inlet of the first multi-way valve is used for being communicated with a tail gas outlet of an engine, one of a plurality of outlets of the first multi-way valve is communicated with an inlet of the second multi-way valve, a preset outlet of the plurality of outlets of the second multi-way valve is communicated with the atmospheric environment, and the adsorption / desorption devices are arranged on the adsorption / desorption devices. And the outlets, except the preset outlet, of the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve all communicate with the adsorption / desorption devices, the adsorption / desorption devices communicate with the outlets of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the adsorption / desorption devices are used for adsorbing or desorbing carbon dioxide in engine tail gas. The problem that an existing mode of directly capturing carbon dioxide from air is low in capturing efficiency is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to carbon dioxide capture, and more particularly, to an on-board carbon dioxide capture system, method and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of internal combustion engines, combustion produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, making the transportation industry one of the main sources of the greenhouse effect. Currently, carbon reduction in internal combustion engines is mainly achieved by improving combustion thermal efficiency and improving fuel cleanliness (such as using zero-carbon fuels, low-carbon fuels, or the carbon in the fuel comes from the recycling of carbon dioxide). However, since most internal combustion engines are matched to vehicles, their mobility and vibration make it rare to directly capture carbon dioxide at the exhaust end of the internal combustion engine.

[0003] CCUS (Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage) refers to various sustainable and proper treatments of carbon dioxide, including capture, utilization, and storage, and there is a certain correlation between the three. Carbon capture can be simply divided into direct capture from the air (DAC, Direct Air Capture) and capture from higher concentrations of carbon dioxide emission sources (such as thermal power plants, coal plants, iron and steel plants, etc.). There are many ways to utilize and store carbon dioxide, and only some examples are shown here, including chemical synthesis of other products, biological fermentation, oil extraction (pressing carbon dioxide into oil fields with high pressure can both store carbon dioxide and increase oil production), civil construction (replacing silicates in concrete with carbonates generated by carbon dioxide), etc.

[0004] At present, there is a plan to provide a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture device, which uses the large amount of wind fields generated during the driving of the car to automatically introduce air into the carbon dioxide capture device from the air inlet, and uses the internal filled carbon dioxide capture agent to absorb carbon dioxide in the air. In fact, due to the low concentration of carbon dioxide in the air (only 0.03% to 0.04%), this direct air capture (DAC, Direct Air Capture) method can capture a very limited amount of carbon dioxide, and is not an efficient carbon capture technology route. This technology fails to grasp the characteristics of the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaust of the car engine (in the case of an internal combustion engine rather than a battery) and make effective use of it. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system, method and vehicle to at least solve the problem of low efficiency of the current method of directly capturing carbon dioxide from the air.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system is provided, comprising: a first multi-way valve, a second multi-way valve, and a plurality of adsorbers / desorbers, wherein the inlet of the first multi-way valve is used to communicate with the exhaust outlet of the engine, one of the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, a preset outlet among the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve is connected to the atmospheric environment, and all outlets of the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve except the preset outlet are connected to the adsorber / desorber, and the adsorber / desorber is connected to the outlet of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the adsorber / desorber is used to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust.

[0007] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the plurality of pressure sensors are respectively installed at pressure detection positions of the plurality of adsorbers / desorbers, and the pressure sensors correspond to the adsorbers / desorbers one by one.

[0008] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes: a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank and a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank, wherein, among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, one of the outlets is connected to the water tank heating jacket, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket.

[0009] Optionally, the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system further includes a carbon dioxide storage tank and a water pump, wherein the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorbent / desorber, the inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank.

[0010] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes a water tank control valve, the inlet of the water tank control valve is connected to the water vapor outlet of the water tank, and the multiple outlets of the water tank control valve are respectively connected to multiple adsorbers / desorbers, and the outlets of the water tank control valve correspond one-to-one to the adsorbers / desorbers.

[0011] Optionally, the on-board carbon dioxide capture system further includes a dry gas tank control valve, the inlet of the dry gas tank control valve is connected to the dry air outlet of the dry gas tank, and the multiple outlets of the dry gas tank control valve are respectively connected to the multiple adsorbers / desorbers, and the outlets of the dry gas tank control valve correspond one-to-one to the adsorbers / desorbers.

[0012] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further comprises a tank pressure sensor, which is installed at a pressure sensing position of the carbon dioxide tank.

[0013] Optionally, the on-board carbon dioxide capture system further includes a carbon dioxide unloading control valve, the inlet of the carbon dioxide unloading control valve is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide unloading control valve is directly connected to the atmosphere or connected to the atmosphere through a post-processing system.

[0014] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further comprises: a post-treatment system, wherein the post-treatment system is connected between the exhaust gas outlet of the engine and the inlet of the first multi-way valve.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for realizing carbon dioxide capture by the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system is provided, comprising: after starting the engine, controlling a preset outlet of the second multi-way valve to be disconnected from the inlet of the second multi-way valve, and controlling outlets of the second multi-way valve other than the preset outlet to be connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, controlling the inlet of the first multi-way valve to be connected to the outlet connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, and controlling the inlet of the first multi-way valve to be disconnected from the outlet not connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, so as to use an adsorber / desorber to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust outlet of the engine.

[0016] Optionally, the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system further includes a plurality of pressure sensors, a carbon dioxide storage tank and a storage tank pressure sensor, the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorbent / desorber, the plurality of pressure sensors respectively detect the pressures of the plurality of adsorbents / desorbers, and the storage tank pressure sensor detects the pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank, wherein controlling the outlets of the second multi-way valve other than the preset outlet to be connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve comprises: determining whether the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than a first preset pressure; when the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than the first preset pressure, continuing to determine whether the current pressure of each of the adsorbent / desorbers is greater than a second preset pressure; when the current pressure of any of the adsorbent / desorbers is less than the second preset pressure, controlling the inlet of the second multi-way valve to be connected to its target outlet, the target outlet being an outlet connected to the inlet of the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is less than the second preset pressure.

[0017] Optionally, the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank and a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank, wherein, among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve is connected to the water tank heating jacket, another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket, and after determining whether the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than a first preset pressure, the method also includes: when the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure, issuing a prompt message, controlling the inlet of the second multi-way valve to be connected only to the atmospheric environment, and controlling the first multi-way valve to operate to stop supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket and the dry gas tank heating jacket, wherein the prompt message is used to prompt that the carbon dioxide storage tank is full and needs to be unloaded.

[0018] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank, a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank, a water pump and a water tank control valve, wherein among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, one outlet is connected to the water tank heating jacket, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket, the inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water tank control valve is connected between the water vapor outlet of the water tank and the adsorbent / desorber, wherein, after determining whether the current pressure of each of the adsorbent / desorbers is greater than the second preset pressure, the The method further includes: controlling the second multi-way valve to stop supplying gas to the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure, and controlling the first multi-way valve to supply gas to the water tank heating jacket, and starting the water pump, and controlling the water tank control valve to pass water vapor to the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is greater than the second preset pressure; after a first preset time period of steam purge, controlling the first multi-way valve to stop supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket, and starting to supply gas to the dry gas tank heating jacket after stopping supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket; after a second preset time period, turning off the water pump and controlling the water tank control valve to stop passing water vapor to the corresponding adsorbent / desorber.

[0019] Optionally, the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a dry gas tank control valve, the inlet of the dry gas tank control valve is connected to the dry air outlet of the dry gas tank, and the multiple outlets of the dry gas tank control valve are respectively connected to multiple adsorbers / desorbers. After turning off the water pump and controlling the water tank control valve to stop passing water vapor to the corresponding adsorber / desorber, the method also includes: controlling the dry gas tank control valve to pass dry hot air to the corresponding adsorber / desorber; after a third preset time period, re-obtaining the current pressure of the corresponding adsorber / desorber, and when the current pressure is less than the third preset pressure, controlling the second multi-way valve to ventilate the adsorber / desorber.

[0020] According to yet another aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising any one of the on-board carbon dioxide capture systems and an engine connected to the on-board carbon dioxide capture system.

[0021] Applying the technical solution of the present application, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system includes: a first multi-way valve, a second multi-way valve, and multiple adsorbers / desorbers, wherein the inlet of the first multi-way valve is used to communicate with the exhaust outlet of the engine, one of the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, a preset outlet among the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve is connected to the atmospheric environment, and all the outlets of the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve except the preset outlet are connected to the adsorber / desorber, and the adsorber / desorber is connected to the outlet of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the adsorber / desorber is used to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust. The problem of low efficiency of the current method of directly capturing carbon dioxide from the air is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for realizing carbon dioxide capture by using a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a method for realizing carbon dioxide capture by a specific vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0026] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Engine; 2. Aftertreatment system; 3. First multi-way valve; 4. Second multi-way valve; 5. Adsorber / desorber; 6. Adsorber / desorber pressure sensor; 7. Carbon dioxide storage tank; 8. Storage tank pressure sensor; 9. Carbon dioxide unloading control valve; 10. Water pump; 11. Water tank; 12. Water tank control valve; 13. Water tank heating jacket; 14. Dry gas tank; 15. Dry gas tank control valve; 16. Dry gas tank heating jacket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] As introduced in the background technology, the prior art utilizes a large amount of wind generated during the driving of the car to automatically introduce air into the carbon dioxide capture device from the air intake, and utilizes the internally filled carbon dioxide capture agent to adsorb the carbon dioxide in the air. However, it fails to effectively utilize the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the car engine (in the case of an internal combustion engine rather than a battery). In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of the current method of directly capturing carbon dioxide from the air, the embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system, method and vehicle.

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] In this embodiment, a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system is provided. Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a first multi-way valve 3 , a second multi-way valve 4 , and a plurality of adsorbers / desorbers 5 .

[0035] Among them, the inlet of the first multi-way valve 3 is used to connect with the exhaust outlet of the engine 1, one of the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve 3 is connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve 4, a preset outlet among the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve 4 is connected to the atmospheric environment, and all the outlets of the second multi-way valve 4 except the preset outlet are connected to the adsorbent / desorber 5, and the adsorbent / desorber 5 is connected to the outlet of the second multi-way valve 4 in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the adsorbent / desorber 5 is used to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust.

[0036] Specifically, the exhaust outlet of the engine 1 emits carbon dioxide. By utilizing the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust, the capture rate is higher and the capture amount is larger than that of directly capturing carbon from the air. At the same time, the kinetic energy and waste heat of the exhaust are utilized to reduce the energy consumption of the system. The first multi-way valve 3 is used to control whether the engine exhaust heats the dry gas tank 14 and the water tank 11, and the second multi-way valve 4 is used to control whether the engine exhaust flows into each adsorber / desorber 5. The adsorber / desorber 5 is used to adsorb carbon dioxide and desorb it when a certain adsorption amount is reached. Multiple adsorbers / desorbers 5 work alternately, and multiple adsorbers / desorbers 5 perform adsorption and desorption alternately, so that the system can capture carbon continuously.

[0037] It can be seen that when the engine is working, the exhaust gas generated enters the first multi-way valve 3 through the inlet. At this time, the first multi-way valve 3 guides the exhaust gas to the second multi-way valve 4 according to the control of the system. After the second multi-way valve 4 receives the exhaust gas from the first multi-way valve 3, it distributes the exhaust gas to different outlets according to the control logic. Part of the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the preset outlet, and the remaining exhaust gas continues to flow to one or more adsorbers / desorbers 5. When the exhaust gas enters the adsorber / desorber 5, the carbon capture material will adsorb the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas. This process can be achieved through physical or chemical adsorption to ensure the effective capture of carbon dioxide. When the adsorber / desorber 5 reaches a certain degree of saturation, it can be desorbed by heating or reducing the pressure, and the captured carbon dioxide can be released to an independent storage tank or recovery system.

[0038] In summary, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system is designed to effectively capture carbon dioxide emitted by the engine to reduce the negative impact on the environment. The core components of the system include a first multi-way valve 3, a second multi-way valve 4 and a plurality of adsorbers / desorbers 5, and the structural design is designed to optimize the capture and release process of carbon dioxide.

[0039] As a possible implementation, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a plurality of pressure sensors, which are respectively installed at the pressure detection positions of the plurality of adsorbers / desorbers 5 , and the pressure sensors correspond to the adsorbers / desorbers 5 one by one.

[0040] Specifically, the adsorber / desorber pressure sensor 6 is used to monitor the carbon dioxide partial pressure of the adsorber / desorber 5, determine whether regeneration is required, and ensure the smooth progress of the capture and desorption process. At the same time, each adsorber / desorber 5 is matched with a pressure sensor to ensure accurate collection of pressure data.

[0041] As a possible implementation, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes: a water tank 11, a water tank heating jacket 13 arranged on the periphery of the water tank 11, a dry gas tank 14 and a dry gas tank heating jacket 16 arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank 14, wherein, among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve 3, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve 4, one of the outlets is connected to the water tank heating jacket 13, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket 16.

[0042] Specifically, the water tank 11 is used to provide the water vapor required for steam purge regeneration; the water tank heating jacket 13 is used to utilize the exhaust waste heat when the engine exhaust flows around the water tank 11 to vaporize part of the liquid water into water vapor, and the water vapor is subsequently used for steam purge regeneration of the adsorbent / desorber 5; the dry gas tank 14 is used to provide the dry air required for drying treatment after steam purge regeneration; the dry gas tank heating jacket 16 is used to utilize the exhaust waste heat when the engine exhaust flows around the dry gas tank 14 to heat the air in the tank to make it drier, and the dry air is used for secondary drying treatment after steam purge regeneration to ensure that the gas entering the adsorbent / desorber 5 is dry and clean.

[0043] It can be seen that through the design of integrating the water tank 11, the dry gas tank 14 and its heating jacket, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system has a stronger processing capacity, can effectively reduce the moisture in the exhaust gas, and improve the capture efficiency.

[0044] As a possible implementation method, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes a carbon dioxide storage tank 7 and a water pump 10. The inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is connected to the outlet of the adsorbent / desorber 5. The inlet of the water pump 10 is connected to the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7, and the outlet of the water pump 10 is connected to the water tank 11.

[0045] Specifically, the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is used to store the desorbed carbon dioxide; the water pump 10 is used to pump the water at the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 back to the water tank 11 for recycling. When the adsorber / desorber 5 reaches saturation, the steam generated by the water tank 11 is used for purging to release the captured carbon dioxide. The released carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 for storage, and the water at the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is transported back to the water tank 11 to ensure the recycling of water. The water pump 10 can be driven by automobile electricity or directly driven by engine exhaust.

[0046] It can be seen that the on-board carbon dioxide capture system achieves effective storage of carbon dioxide and recycling of water through the design of integrating the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 and the water pump 10. The added function of the water pump 10 not only enhances the efficiency and reliability of the system, but also ensures the operational flexibility and environmental friendliness of the system.

[0047] As a possible implementation method, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes a water tank control valve 12, the inlet of the water tank control valve 12 is connected to the water vapor outlet of the water tank 11, and multiple outlets of the water tank control valve 12 are respectively connected to multiple adsorbers / desorbers 5, and the outlets of the water tank control valve 12 correspond one-to-one to the adsorbers / desorbers 5.

[0048] Specifically, the water tank control valve 12 is used to control which adsorber / desorber 5 the water vapor flows into. Through the water tank control valve 12, the water vapor can be accurately controlled to flow to a specific adsorber / desorber 5 to optimize the steam purge process. By utilizing the competitive adsorption characteristics of carbon dioxide and water, water vapor purge is used to achieve rapid desorption and regeneration of the adsorbent material.

[0049] It can be seen that the on-board carbon dioxide capture system achieves precise control and distribution of water vapor through the integrated water tank control valve 12. This design not only optimizes the steam purge process, but also enhances the overall efficiency and flexibility of the system.

[0050] As a possible implementation method, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes a dry gas tank control valve 15, the inlet of the dry gas tank control valve 15 is connected to the dry air outlet of the dry gas tank 14, and the multiple outlets of the dry gas tank control valve 15 are respectively connected to multiple adsorbers / desorbers 5, and the outlets of the dry gas tank control valve 15 correspond one-to-one to the adsorbers / desorbers 5.

[0051] Specifically, the dry gas tank control valve 15 is used to control which adsorbent / desorber 5 the dry air flows into. The dry gas tank control valve 15 can accurately control the dry air to flow to a specific adsorbent / desorber 5, thereby optimizing the carbon dioxide capture and desorption process.

[0052] It can be seen that the on-board carbon dioxide capture system achieves precise control and distribution of dry air through the dry gas tank control valve 15. This design not only optimizes the carbon dioxide capture and desorption process, but also enhances the overall efficiency and flexibility of the system.

[0053] As a possible implementation manner, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a tank pressure sensor 8 , which is installed at a pressure sensing position of the carbon dioxide tank 7 .

[0054] Specifically, the tank pressure sensor 8 is used to monitor the gas pressure of the carbon dioxide tank 7 and determine whether unloading is required. The newly added tank pressure sensor 8 can monitor the gas pressure of the carbon dioxide tank 7 in real time to ensure the safety and reliability of system operation.

[0055] As a possible implementation method, the on-board carbon dioxide capture system also includes a carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9, the inlet of the carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9 is directly connected to the atmospheric environment or connected to the atmospheric environment through the post-treatment system 2.

[0056] Specifically, the carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9 is used to unload carbon dioxide when it can be unloaded. The newly added carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9 supports the system to safely unload the stored carbon dioxide into the atmosphere at an appropriate time, or to further process it through the post-processing system 2 to ensure environmental safety.

[0057] As a possible implementation, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes: a post-treatment system 2 , which is connected between the exhaust gas outlet of the engine 1 and the inlet of the first multi-way valve 3 .

[0058] Specifically, the after-treatment system is used to purify various pollutants emitted by the engine, generally excluding carbon dioxide; if the original engine exhaust pollutants are less or the emission requirements are loose, it can also be not used. The newly added after-treatment system is connected between the exhaust outlet of the engine and the inlet of the first multi-way valve, focusing on purifying other exhaust pollutants.

[0059] It can be seen that through the integrated post-treatment system, the on-board carbon dioxide capture system can not only capture and treat carbon dioxide, but also purify other pollutants in the exhaust gas in all aspects, thereby improving the overall environmental protection effect.

[0060] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, a structural block diagram of a specific vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0061] This embodiment relates to a specific vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system such as Figure 1 shown, and Figure 1 The names and functions of the various parts are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1 Names and functions of various parts of this embodiment

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] When the system is running, the exhaust gas from the engine 1 first flows through the after-treatment system 2 (the after-treatment system may not be used in some cases where the original engine pollutant level is low or the emission limit is loose), and then flows to the first multi-way valve 3. The first multi-way valve 3 divides the gas path into three directions, which are to continue to flow into the adsorber / desorber 5, to flow to the water tank heating jacket 13, and to flow to the dry gas tank heating jacket 16.

[0066] The gas path flowing to the adsorber / desorber 5 is divided by the second multi-way valve 4 into branches flowing to different adsorbers / desorbers 5 and branches flowing directly to the atmosphere. When the adsorber / desorber 5 of a branch is in an operable state, the engine exhaust is allowed to flow into the branch through the second multi-way valve 4 to adsorb part of the carbon dioxide in the exhaust. When the carbon capture material of the branch is close to saturation as monitored by the adsorber / desorber pressure sensor 6, the engine exhaust should be disconnected to perform desorption regeneration of the branch.

[0067] During regeneration, the water at the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is transported back to the water tank 11 through the water pump 10. The water pump 10 can be driven by automobile electricity or directly driven by engine exhaust. The engine exhaust flows through the water tank heating jacket 13 to vaporize part of the liquid water therein, and then flows through the water tank control valve 12 into the adsorber / desorber 5 that needs desorption and regeneration, and the carbon dioxide can be rapidly desorbed under hydrothermal conditions. The desorbed carbon dioxide then flows into the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 for storage.

[0068] After the carbon dioxide is desorbed, the water vapor needs to be cut off, the dry air in the dry gas tank 14 needs to be heated by the dry gas tank heating jacket 16, and the capture material needs to be thermally purged again through the dry gas tank control valve 15 to remove the moisture therein, so as to avoid the moisture interfering with the capture effect of carbon dioxide during the re-adsorption capture. The dry atmosphere in the dry gas tank 14 can be maintained by using existing technologies such as desiccant.

[0069] Finally, when the tank pressure sensor 8 detects that the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is full, all carbon capture branches should be disconnected so that the engine exhaust passes directly to the atmosphere after passing through the post-treatment system 2, so as to avoid pressure loss caused by the entire carbon capture system being unable to work. At the same time, the user should be reminded to unload the carbon dioxide in the tank. When the user gives an unloading instruction, the carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9 can be opened to output the carbon dioxide in the tank, so that the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 can be restored to a usable state.

[0070] In summary, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system of this embodiment integrates multiple components, including control valves, sensors, storage tanks, post-treatment systems, etc., aiming to comprehensively capture, store and treat pollutants emitted by vehicles, especially in treating traditional pollutants and carbon dioxide.

[0071] This embodiment also provides a method for realizing carbon dioxide capture by a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0072] Step S201: After starting the engine, the preset outlet of the second multi-way valve is controlled to be disconnected from the inlet of the second multi-way valve, and the outlets of the second multi-way valve other than the preset outlet are controlled to be connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, the inlet of the first multi-way valve is controlled to be connected to the outlet connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, and the inlet of the first multi-way valve is controlled to be disconnected from the outlet not connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, so as to use an adsorber / desorber to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust outlet of the engine.

[0073] It can be seen that the on-board carbon dioxide capture system ensures the precise capture and treatment of carbon dioxide in engine exhaust through efficient valve control and adsorption and desorption processes. This design enhances the system's operational flexibility and carbon dioxide treatment efficiency, providing reliable technical support for achieving cleaner emissions.

[0074] As a possible implementation, the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes multiple pressure sensors, a carbon dioxide storage tank, and a storage tank pressure sensor, the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorbent / desorber, the multiple pressure sensors respectively detect the pressures of the multiple adsorbents / desorbers, and the storage tank pressure sensor detects the pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank, wherein the outlets of the second multi-way valve other than the preset outlet are controlled to be connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, including: determining whether the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than the first preset pressure; when the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than the first preset pressure, continuing to determine whether the current pressure of each adsorbent / desorber is greater than the second preset pressure; when the current pressure of any adsorbent / desorber is less than the second preset pressure, controlling the inlet of the second multi-way valve to be connected to its target outlet, the target outlet being the outlet connected to the inlet of the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is less than the second preset pressure.

[0075] Specifically, the setting of the first preset pressure is related to factors such as the material and pressure resistance limit of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the setting of the second preset pressure is related to the characteristics of the selected capture material. It is not a fixed value forever. For example, the reference value of the case using MEA (ethanolamine) adsorption material is: the first preset pressure is 1000kPa, and the second preset pressure is 90kPa.

[0076] It can be seen that the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is detected and judged. If the current pressure is less than the first preset pressure, it means that the storage tank can continue to receive more carbon dioxide; when it is confirmed that the storage tank pressure is less than the first preset pressure, continue to check the current pressure of each adsorbent / desorber to confirm whether these pressures are greater than the second preset pressure. If the current pressure of any adsorbent / desorber is less than the second preset pressure, it means that the carbon dioxide in the adsorbent / desorber has not been fully captured or is close to a pressure state. In the case where the pressure of any adsorbent / desorber is less than the second preset pressure, the second multi-way valve is controlled to connect its inlet with the target outlet. The target outlet is connected to the inlet of the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is less than the second preset pressure to ensure that the exhaust gas flows to the appropriate adsorbent / desorber. At this time, the system can adjust the exhaust gas flow direction as needed to optimize the carbon dioxide capture efficiency.

[0077] In summary, by introducing multiple pressure sensors and intelligent control logic, the on-board carbon dioxide capture system can effectively monitor and adjust the status of each component and optimize the carbon dioxide capture and storage process.

[0078] As a possible implementation, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank and a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank, wherein, among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, is connected to the water tank heating jacket, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket. After determining whether the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than the first preset pressure, the method also includes: when the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure, issuing a prompt message, controlling the inlet of the second multi-way valve to be connected only to the atmospheric environment, and controlling the first multi-way valve to operate to stop supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket and the dry gas tank heating jacket, wherein the prompt message is used to prompt that the carbon dioxide storage tank is full and needs to be unloaded.

[0079] Specifically, when unloading the carbon dioxide storage tank, the entire carbon capture system needs to be shut down. The specific method of shutting down the entire carbon capture system is to adjust the second multi-way valve so that it only leads to the atmosphere without supplying gas to each adsorbent / desorber, and adjust the first multi-way valve so that it no longer supplies gas to the water pipe heating jacket and the gas tank heating jacket. After the user gives the instruction to unload carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide unloading control valve is opened to allow the carbon dioxide in the storage tank to flow to the appropriate destination. During the unloading process, when the measured value of the storage tank pressure sensor is lower than the preset limit, it means that the carbon dioxide in the storage tank has been basically unloaded and can be reused to store carbon dioxide. For example, the reference value of the case using MEA (ethanolamine) adsorption material is a preset limit of 100kPa.

[0080] It can be seen that the tank pressure sensor monitors the pressure in real time, issues prompts and takes control measures in time to prevent overpressure and accurately control the multi-way valve to ensure the effective collaboration of the system components and the efficient treatment of carbon dioxide. When the tank pressure reaches or exceeds the set threshold, the system issues a prompt message to remind the operator to unload, which enhances the user interactivity and safety of the system.

[0081] As a possible implementation, the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank, a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank, a water pump and a water tank control valve, wherein among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, one outlet is connected to the water tank heating jacket, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket, the inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water tank control valve is connected between the water vapor outlet of the water tank and the adsorbent / desorber, wherein, when determining whether the current pressure of each adsorbent / desorber is greater than the second preset pressure After the force is applied, the method further includes: controlling the second multi-way valve to stop supplying gas to the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure, and controlling the first multi-way valve to supply gas to the water tank heating jacket, and starting the water pump, and controlling the water tank control valve to pass water vapor to the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is greater than the second preset pressure; after the steam purge for a first preset time period, controlling the first multi-way valve to stop supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket, and starting to supply gas to the dry gas tank heating jacket after stopping supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket; after the second preset time period, turning off the water pump and controlling the water tank control valve to stop passing water vapor to the corresponding adsorbent / desorber.

[0082] It can be seen that the pressure of the adsorber / desorber is monitored in real time by the sensor, and the opening and closing of the multi-way valve is controlled according to the pressure. When necessary, steam is generated through the water tank and the heating jacket, and passed into the adsorber / desorber to clean and optimize the capture of carbon dioxide. The gas in the system is kept dry by the dry gas tank heating jacket to prevent moisture from interfering with the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0083] As a possible implementation, the on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a dry gas tank control valve, the inlet of the dry gas tank control valve is connected to the dry air outlet of the dry gas tank, and the multiple outlets of the dry gas tank control valve are respectively connected to multiple adsorbers / desorbers. After turning off the water pump and controlling the water tank control valve to stop passing water vapor to the corresponding adsorber / desorber, the method also includes: controlling the dry gas tank control valve to pass dry hot air to the corresponding adsorber / desorber; after a third preset time period, re-obtaining the current pressure of the corresponding adsorber / desorber, and when the current pressure is less than the third preset pressure, controlling the second multi-way valve to ventilate the adsorber / desorber.

[0084] Specifically, the setting of the third preset pressure is related to the characteristics of the selected capture material and is not a permanently fixed value. For example, the reference value of the case using MEA (ethanolamine) adsorption material is 30 kPa. When the current pressure is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure, the second multi-way valve is controlled to stop venting to the adsorbent / desorber of the branch where it is located, and ventilate to the adsorbent / desorber of other branches instead.

[0085] It can be seen that by integrating the dry gas tank control valve, the system can flexibly adjust the air supply and improve the effectiveness of carbon dioxide capture. It can enhance the gas handling capacity of the adsorber / desorber and improve the system efficiency by adjusting the dry hot air.

[0086] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the implementation process of the method for capturing carbon dioxide by the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0087] This embodiment relates to a specific method for realizing carbon dioxide capture by a vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system. The method is applied to Figure 1 In the system shown, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes the control of the storage tank and the carbon dioxide adsorption / desorption regeneration control of a branch i as an example:

[0088] When the engine is running, the second multi-way valve 4 is temporarily not ventilated directly to the atmosphere, and the first multi-way valve 3 is kept in a state of supplying gas only to each adsorber / desorber 5. At this time, the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is first detected and responded to. Set the pressure limits P1 and P2 (P1>P2). When the measured value of the storage tank pressure sensor 8 reaches or exceeds P1, it means that the storage tank has stored a lot of carbon dioxide and needs to be unloaded. At this time, the user should be reminded to pay attention to unloading and shut down the entire carbon capture system. The specific method of shutting down the entire carbon capture system is to adjust the second multi-way valve 4 so that it only vents to the atmosphere without supplying gas to each adsorber / desorber 5, and adjust the first multi-way valve 3 so that it no longer supplies gas to the water pipe heating jacket 13 and the gas tank heating jacket 16. After the user gives the instruction to unload carbon dioxide, open the carbon dioxide unloading control valve 9 to allow the carbon dioxide in the storage tank to flow into the appropriate destination. During the unloading process, when the measured value of the storage tank pressure sensor 8 is lower than P2, it means that the carbon dioxide in the storage tank has been basically unloaded and can be used to store carbon dioxide again.

[0089] When the pressure of the storage tank is lower than P1, or the pressure of the storage tank after unloading is lower than P2, taking a branch i as an example, set the carbon dioxide partial pressure limit P3 and P4 (P3>P4), read the measured value of the adsorbent / desorber pressure sensor 6 of the branch, if it reaches or exceeds P3, it means that the adsorbent / desorber 5 of the branch is close to saturation and needs to desorb carbon dioxide. At this time, the second multi-way valve 4 should be adjusted so that the engine exhaust no longer enters the branch i, but flows into other roads that do not need desorption yet. Then adjust the multi-way valve 3 to make part of the engine exhaust flow into the water tank heating jacket 13, use the exhaust waste heat to gasify part of the liquid water in the water tank 11, and turn on the water pump 10, adjust the water tank control valve 12 to make water vapor flow into the adsorbent / desorber 5 of the i branch, purge the carbon dioxide adsorbed in the carbon capture material, and realize the recycling of water. After the running time t1, the steam purge is considered to be completed, and then dry hot air purge is performed.

[0090] The control principle of dry hot air purging is similar to that of steam purging. First, adjust the first multi-way valve 3 so that the engine exhaust no longer flows to the water tank heating jacket 13, but partially flows to the dry gas tank heating jacket 16 to heat the air in the dry gas tank and cut off the water vapor, including shutting down the water pump 10 and the water tank control valve 12 to stop supplying water vapor to branch i. At the same time, the dry gas tank control valve 15 starts to pass dry air to the adsorber / desorber 5 of branch i, and the dry hot air purging is considered to be completed after time t2. At this time, read the measured value of the adsorber / desorber pressure sensor 6 of branch i again. If it is lower than P4, it is considered that the desorption regeneration is completed, otherwise it is necessary to re-execute steam purging and dry hot air purging.

[0091] When the pressure of the adsorber / desorber is lower than P3 during operation, or when the pressure of the adsorber / desorber is lower than P4 after desorption and regeneration, carbon dioxide adsorption can be continued and monitoring can be maintained.

[0092] It can be seen that the method of this embodiment can ensure that the on-board carbon dioxide capture system can effectively deal with the problem of carbon dioxide storage and release during operation, and achieve efficient capture and treatment.

[0093] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising an on-board carbon dioxide capture system and an engine connected to the on-board carbon dioxide capture system.

[0094] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0095] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0096] The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a first multi-way valve, a second multi-way valve, and a plurality of adsorbers / desorbers, wherein the inlet of the first multi-way valve is used to communicate with the exhaust outlet of the engine, one of the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, a preset outlet among the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve is connected to the atmospheric environment, and all the outlets except the preset outlet among the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve are connected to the adsorber / desorber, and the adsorber / desorber is connected to the outlet of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the adsorber / desorber is used to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust. Carbon dioxide in the engine exhaust is captured by alternately adsorbing / desorbing carbon capture materials and stored in a storage tank, and the desorption and regeneration of the capture materials are driven by exhaust waste heat. The problem of low capture efficiency of the current method of directly capturing carbon dioxide from the air is solved.

[0097] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system, characterized in that: include: a first multi-way valve, a second multi-way valve, a plurality of adsorbers / desorbers, wherein the inlet of the first multi-way valve is used to communicate with the exhaust outlet of the engine, one of the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve is connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, a preset outlet among the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve is connected to the atmospheric environment, and all outlets of the multiple outlets of the second multi-way valve except the preset outlet are connected to the adsorbent / desorber, and the adsorbent / desorber is connected to the outlet of the second multi-way valve in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the adsorbent / desorber is used to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the engine.

2. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a plurality of pressure sensors, which are respectively installed at pressure detection positions of the plurality of adsorbers / desorbers, and the pressure sensors correspond to the adsorbers / desorbers one by one.

3. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system also includes: a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank and a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged on the periphery of the dry gas tank, wherein, among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, except for one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve connected to the water tank heating jacket, another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket.

4. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a carbon dioxide storage tank and a water pump, wherein the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the outlet of the adsorbent / desorber, the inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank.

5. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a water tank control valve, the inlet of the water tank control valve is connected to the water vapor outlet of the water tank, and the multiple outlets of the water tank control valve are respectively connected to the multiple adsorbers / desorbers, and the outlets of the water tank control valve correspond one-to-one to the adsorbers / desorbers.

6. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a dry gas tank control valve, the inlet of the dry gas tank control valve is connected to the dry air outlet of the dry gas tank, and the multiple outlets of the dry gas tank control valve are respectively connected to the multiple adsorbers / desorbers, and the outlets of the dry gas tank control valve correspond to the adsorbers / desorbers one by one.

7. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a tank pressure sensor installed at a pressure sensing position of the carbon dioxide tank.

8. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The on-vehicle carbon dioxide capture system also includes a carbon dioxide unloading control valve, the inlet of the carbon dioxide unloading control valve is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide unloading control valve is directly connected to the atmospheric environment or connected to the atmospheric environment through a post-processing system.

9. The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes: a post-treatment system, wherein the post-treatment system is connected between the exhaust gas outlet of the engine and the inlet of the first multi-way valve.

10. A method for capturing carbon dioxide using the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: After starting the engine, the preset outlet of the second multi-way valve is controlled to be disconnected from the inlet of the second multi-way valve, and the outlets of the second multi-way valve other than the preset outlet are controlled to be connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, the inlet of the first multi-way valve is controlled to be connected to the outlet connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, and the inlet of the first multi-way valve is controlled to be disconnected from the outlet not connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve, so as to use an adsorber / desorber to adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust outlet of the engine.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a plurality of pressure sensors, a carbon dioxide storage tank, and a storage tank pressure sensor, wherein the inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is communicated with the outlet of the adsorbent / desorber, the plurality of pressure sensors respectively detect the pressures of the plurality of adsorbents / desorbers, and the storage tank pressure sensor detects the pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank, wherein controlling the outlets of the second multi-way valve other than the preset outlet to be communicated with the inlet of the second multi-way valve comprises: Determining whether the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than a first preset pressure; When the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than the first preset pressure, continue to determine whether the current pressure of each of the adsorbers / desorbers is greater than a second preset pressure; When the current pressure of any of the adsorbers / desorbers is less than the second preset pressure, the inlet of the second multi-way valve is controlled to be connected to its target outlet, and the target outlet is the outlet connected to the inlet of the adsorber / desorber whose current pressure is less than the second preset pressure.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a water tank, a water tank heating jacket disposed on the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank, and a dry gas tank heating jacket disposed on the periphery of the dry gas tank, wherein one of the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve except the outlet connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve is connected to the water tank heating jacket, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket, After determining whether the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is less than a first preset pressure, the method further includes: when the current pressure of the carbon dioxide storage tank is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure, issuing a prompt message, controlling the inlet of the second multi-way valve to be connected only to the atmospheric environment, and controlling the first multi-way valve to stop supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket and the dry gas tank heating jacket, wherein the prompt message is used to prompt that the carbon dioxide storage tank is full and needs to be unloaded.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a water tank, a water tank heating jacket arranged at the periphery of the water tank, a dry gas tank, a dry gas tank heating jacket arranged at the periphery of the dry gas tank, a water pump and a water tank control valve, wherein among the multiple outlets of the first multi-way valve, one of the outlets connected to the inlet of the second multi-way valve is connected to the water tank heating jacket, and another outlet is connected to the dry gas tank heating jacket, the inlet of the water pump is connected to the bottom of the carbon dioxide storage tank, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, and the water tank control valve is connected between the water vapor outlet of the water tank and the adsorbent / desorber, wherein, after determining whether the current pressure of each of the adsorbent / desorbers is greater than the second preset pressure, the method further includes: Controlling the second multi-way valve to stop supplying gas to the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure, controlling the first multi-way valve to supply gas to the water tank heating jacket, starting the water pump, and controlling the water tank control valve to pass water vapor to the adsorbent / desorber whose current pressure is greater than the second preset pressure; After a first preset time period of steam purge, the first multi-way valve is controlled to stop supplying gas to the water tank heating jacket, and then the gas supply to the dry gas tank heating jacket is started after the gas supply to the water tank heating jacket is stopped; After a second preset time period, the water pump is turned off and the water tank control valve is controlled to stop passing water vapor to the corresponding adsorber / desorber.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system further includes a dry gas tank control valve, the inlet of the dry gas tank control valve is connected to the dry air outlet of the dry gas tank, and multiple outlets of the dry gas tank control valve are respectively connected to multiple adsorbers / desorbers. After the water pump is turned off and the water tank control valve is controlled to stop passing water vapor to the corresponding adsorbers / desorbers, the method further includes: Controlling the operation of the control valve of the dry gas tank to pass dry hot air to the corresponding adsorber / desorber; After a third preset time period, the current pressure of the corresponding adsorbent / desorber is reacquired, and when the current pressure is less than a third preset pressure, the second multi-way valve is controlled to operate to ventilate the adsorbent / desorber.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system comprises the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and an engine connected to the vehicle-mounted carbon dioxide capture system.

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