A tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control, which belongs to the field of compressed air energy storage technology and can solve the problems of high cost and difficult maintenance of temperature control measures in existing gas storages. The gas storage includes: lining; a sealing structure covering the inner wall surface of the lining; a breathable heat-conducting structure sleeved on the inner side of the sealing structure; an annular cavity formed between the sealing structure and the breathable heat-conducting structure; a plurality of annular partitions arranged in sequence in the annular cavity along the axial direction of the gas storage, used to divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone and the remaining temperature control zones arranged in sequence, starting from the first temperature control zone, the simulated operating temperature of each temperature control zone increases in sequence; a water storage bag is arranged in each temperature control zone; a water circulation structure is arranged outside the gas storage and is connected to each water storage bag to form a circulating water circuit with the water storage bag. The present invention is used for temperature control of a tunnel-type underground gas storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control, belonging to the technical field of compressed air energy storage. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is a new type of energy storage technology. High-pressure gas storage is an important component of compressed air energy storage. The safety of the gas storage is directly related to the success or failure of compressed air energy storage.

[0003] According to existing research results, during the inflation stage of a tunnel gas storage, the gas is compressed near the air inlet, and the compressed gas expands to the surroundings. The heat absorbed by the gas expansion is greater than the heat generated by the compression, resulting in a lower temperature of the compressed air near the air inlet. In addition, the length of the tunnel gas storage cavern is much greater than its diameter, and the diffusion of the compressed air in the radial direction is greatly limited. It is continuously compressed toward the inner end of the cavern along the axial direction, causing a large amount of compression heat to be generated at the inner end of the cavern, resulting in a significant increase in the temperature of the compressed air in the gas storage, which can reach 600°C. When inflation is completed, the average temperature of the compressed air is also above 100°C. In addition, the uneven spatial distribution of the compressed air temperature in the gas storage will lead to a large difference between the maximum and average temperatures, with a difference of about 450°C, which will seriously affect the long-term safety of underground gas storage.

[0004] In order to ensure the safe operation of the gas storage and avoid the adverse effects of temperature effects caused by frequent filling and deflation on the sealing layer structure and the stability of the surrounding rock, it is necessary to take certain temperature control measures to reduce the temperature fluctuation value in the gas storage. At present, the most commonly used method is to install heat exchange equipment in the gas storage to achieve the purpose of reducing the temperature of compressed air, but the cost of heat exchange equipment is relatively high and there are certain difficulties in maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control, which can solve the problems of high cost and difficult maintenance of temperature control measures in existing gas storages.

[0006] The present invention provides a tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control, the gas storage comprising:

[0007] Lining;

[0008] A sealing structure covering the inner wall surface of the lining;

[0009] An air-permeable heat-conducting structure is sleeved on the inner side of the sealing structure; an annular cavity is formed between the sealing structure and the air-permeable heat-conducting structure;

[0010] A plurality of annular partitions are sequentially arranged in the annular cavity along the axial direction of the gas storage reservoir, and are used to divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone and other temperature control zones arranged in sequence, and starting from the first temperature control zone, the simulated operating temperature of each temperature control zone increases in sequence; a water storage bag is arranged in each temperature control zone;

[0011] The water circulation structure is arranged outside the gas storage reservoir and is connected to each of the water storage bags to form a circulating water circuit with the water storage bags.

[0012] Optionally, the water circulation structure includes:

[0013] N water inlet pipes, respectively connected to the water inlet of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone;

[0014] N water outlet pipes, respectively connected to the water outlet of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone;

[0015] The power generation unit is connected to the water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the other temperature control zones and is used to generate electricity using the water vapor in the water outlet pipes.

[0016] Optionally, the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the next temperature control zone arranged in sequence;

[0017] The water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in the last temperature control zone is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone through the power generation unit.

[0018] Optionally, the power generation unit includes:

[0019] N-1 water vapor separation devices are respectively connected to the water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the remaining temperature control zones;

[0020] The power generation equipment has one end connected to N-1 water vapor separation equipment through a steam outlet pipe, and the other end connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone through a connecting pipe.

[0021] Optionally, the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone, the water inlet pipes and water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the remaining temperature control zones, and the steam outlet pipe are all provided with control valves, and the control valves are used to control the on-off of the pipelines.

[0022] Optionally, the water circulation structure further includes:

[0023] N water tanks, the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone and the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the next temperature control zone arranged in sequence, as well as the water inlet pipe between the power generation unit and the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone are all connected through the water tanks.

[0024] Optionally, there are two annular partitions, which divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone, a second temperature control zone and a third temperature control zone along the length direction of the gas storage cave; the simulated operating temperature of the first temperature control zone is less than 100°C, the simulated operating temperature of the second temperature control zone is greater than or equal to 100°C and less than the boiling point temperature, and the simulated operating temperature of the third temperature control zone is greater than or equal to the boiling point temperature; the boiling point temperature is the boiling point temperature of water under the simulated operating pressure of the gas storage.

[0025] Optionally, the distance between the air-permeable heat-conducting structure and the sealing structure is 5 cm to 30 cm;

[0026] A plurality of connectors are provided between the air-permeable and heat-conducting structure and the sealing structure, and the connectors are used to connect the air-permeable and heat-conducting structure and the sealing structure.

[0027] Optionally, both side surfaces of the annular partition are covered with thermal insulation material.

[0028] Optionally, the breathable heat-conducting structure is a cylindrical steel plate, and a plurality of breathable holes are formed on the cylindrical steel plate.

[0029] The beneficial effects that the present invention can produce include:

[0030] The tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control provided by the present invention sequentially arranges a sealing structure and a breathable heat-conducting structure on the inner side of the lining, uses an annular partition to divide the annular cavity between the sealing structure and the breathable heat-conducting structure into multiple temperature control zones, and arranges a water storage bag in each temperature control zone, and then uses a water circulation between the water circulation structure and the water storage bag to carry away the heat of the gas storage through the flowing water, thereby realizing the temperature control of the gas storage structure. This method has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance.

[0031] The tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control provided by the present invention utilizes the energy exchange principle to carry away the heat of the gas storage through flowing water, thereby realizing temperature control of the gas storage structure, reducing the impact of temperature load on the lining and sealing layer, improving the reliability and service life of the gas storage, and ensuring the safety of the gas storage. At the same time, utilizing the basic physical principle of water-to-steam conversion, the heat inside the gas storage is converted into water vapor, and water vapor is used to generate electricity, thereby improving power generation efficiency and realizing efficient energy utilization and energy saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a longitudinal section structure of a tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a water circulation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a tunnel-type underground gas storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of a tunnel-type underground gas storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional longitudinal structure of a tunnel-type underground gas storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A simulation diagram of the temperature field of a tunnel-type underground gas storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 A curve diagram showing the relationship between the maximum temperature of a tunnel-type underground gas storage and the filling time of the gas storage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Lining; 2. Sealing structure; 3. Breathable and heat-conducting structure; 4. Annular partition; 5. Surrounding rock; 6. Connectors; 7. First temperature control zone; 8. First water storage bag; 9. Second temperature control zone; 10. Second water storage bag; 11. Third temperature control zone; 12. Third water storage bag; 13. First water inlet pipe; 14. First water outlet pipe; 15. Second water inlet pipe; 16. Second water outlet pipe; 17. Third water inlet pipe; 18. Third water outlet pipe; 19. Plug; 20. Control valve; 21. Water vapor separation equipment; 22. Power generation equipment; 23. Steam outlet pipe; 24. Connecting pipe; 25. First water tank; 26. Second water tank; 27. Third water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0042] The embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the gas storage includes:

[0043] Lining 1; in practical applications, the lining 1 can be a concrete lining, the outer side of the concrete lining is the surrounding rock 5, and the concrete lining and the surrounding rock 5 are tightly combined.

[0044] The sealing structure 2 covers the inner wall surface of the lining 1.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the sealing structure 2 can be a cylindrical steel plate, for example, a 2 mm thick Q345 steel plate can be used. The sealing structure 2 is tightly connected to the concrete lining 1 .

[0046] The air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 is sleeved on the inner side of the sealing structure 2 ; an annular cavity is formed between the sealing structure 2 and the air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 .

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 can be a cylindrical steel plate with a plurality of air-permeable holes. For example, the air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 can be a 5 mm thick Q345 steel plate with φ5 mm circular holes uniformly opened at intervals of 10 cm on the steel plate.

[0048] Furthermore, the distance between the air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 and the sealing structure 2 is 5 cm to 30 cm; a plurality of connectors 6 are provided between the air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 and the sealing structure 2, and the connectors 6 are used to connect the air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 and the sealing structure 2.

[0049] A plurality of annular partitions 4 are arranged in the annular cavity in sequence along the axial direction of the gas storage reservoir, and are used to divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone 7 and other temperature control zones arranged in sequence. Starting from the first temperature control zone 7, the simulated operating temperature of each temperature control zone increases in sequence; a water storage bag is arranged in each temperature control zone.

[0050] In practical applications, the annular partition 4 may be an annular partition plate, and both side surfaces of the annular partition 4 are covered with heat-insulating materials.

[0051] refer to Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the spacing between the inner air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 and the outer sealing structure 2 is 5cm~30cm, and a cavity is formed between the two, which are connected by a connector 6 and an annular separator 4. The connector 6 is evenly arranged at a certain distance along the hole circumference and the hole length direction, and the material is preferably steel. The purpose of setting the connector 6 is to connect the inner air-permeable heat-conducting structure 3 with the outer sealing structure 2, so that the overall structure is stable when the water storage bag is full of water. For example, the connector 6 can be made of 20#A I-beam. The annular separator 4 is arranged continuously along the hole circumference direction and at a certain distance along the hole length direction, and the material is preferably steel. The purpose of setting the annular separator 4 is to partition the water storage bag inside the gas storage reservoir to reduce the mutual influence of the temperature field of each temperature control zone in the cavity. A certain amount of high-temperature resistant insulation material can be added on both sides of the annular separator 4 to further reduce the mutual influence of the temperature field of adjacent temperature control zones. For example, the annular separator 4 can be processed into a circular ring shape using 20#A I-beam; the insulation material can be glass wool.

[0052] The water storage bag is located in the cavity formed by the inner breathable heat conductive structure 3 and the outer sealing structure 2. The water storage bag is wrapped into a sealed body by a high temperature resistant and waterproof material with certain tensile properties. For example, the material of the water storage bag can be a high performance composite material. A temperature control zone is a continuous water storage bag. When the water storage bag is filled with water, the volume is not larger than the volume of the corresponding temperature control zone.

[0053] The water circulation structure is arranged outside the gas storage reservoir and is connected to each water storage bag to form a circulating water path with the water storage bag.

[0054] Specifically, the water cycle structure includes:

[0055] N water inlet pipes, respectively connected to the water inlet of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone;

[0056] N water outlet pipes, respectively connected to the water outlet of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone;

[0057] The power generation unit is connected to the water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the other temperature control zones and is used to generate electricity using the water vapor in the water outlet pipes.

[0058] In actual applications, the top of the starting section of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the bottom is connected to a water outlet pipe. Both the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are seamless steel pipes, located in the cavity gap and led to the outside of the plug 19 of the gas storage reservoir along the length of the hole.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the next temperature control zone arranged in sequence; the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in the last temperature control zone is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone 7 through the power generation unit.

[0060] Further, the power generation unit includes: N-1 water vapor separation devices 21, which are respectively connected to the water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the remaining temperature control zones; a power generation device 22, one end of which is connected to the N-1 water vapor separation devices 21 through a steam outlet pipe 23, and the other end of which is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone 7 through a connecting pipe 24. The water vapor separation device 21 can be a ball valve, and the power generation device 22 can be a steam turbine.

[0061] Preferably, the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone 7, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the water storage bags in the other temperature control zones, and the steam outlet pipe 23 are all provided with a control valve 20, and the control valve 20 is used to control the on-off of the pipeline.

[0062] Furthermore, the water circulation structure also includes:

[0063] There are N water tanks, and the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone and the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the next temperature control zone arranged in sequence, as well as the water inlet pipe between the power generation unit and the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone 7 are all connected through the water tanks.

[0064] In the following, the embodiment of the present invention takes the example of dividing the annular cavity into three temperature control zones to explain the gas storage structure in detail.

[0065] Specifically, there are two annular partitions 4, and the two annular partitions 4 divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone 7, a second temperature control zone 9 and a third temperature control zone 11 along the length direction of the gas storage cave; the simulated operating temperature of the first temperature control zone 7 is less than 100°C, the simulated operating temperature of the second temperature control zone 9 is greater than or equal to 100°C and less than the boiling point temperature, and the simulated operating temperature of the third temperature control zone 11 is greater than or equal to the boiling point temperature; the boiling point temperature is the boiling point temperature of water under the simulated operating pressure of the gas storage.

[0066] The water storage bag in the first temperature control zone 7 is recorded as the first water storage bag 8, the water storage bag in the second temperature control zone 9 is recorded as the second water storage bag 10, and the water storage bag in the third temperature control zone 11 is recorded as the third water storage bag 12. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the first water storage bag 8 are respectively recorded as the first water inlet pipe 13 and the first water outlet pipe 14, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the second water storage bag 10 are respectively recorded as the second water inlet pipe 15 and the second water outlet pipe 16, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the third water storage bag 12 are respectively recorded as the third water inlet pipe 17 and the third water outlet pipe 18.

[0067] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the power generation device 22 is connected to the first water inlet pipe 13 through the first water tank 25; the first water outlet pipe 14 is connected to the second water inlet pipe 15 through the second water tank 26, and the second water outlet pipe 16 is connected to the third water inlet pipe 17 through the third water tank 27; two water vapor separation devices 21 are respectively connected to the second water outlet pipe 16 and the third water outlet pipe 18; one end of the power generation device 22 is connected to the two water vapor separation devices 21 through the steam outlet pipe 23, and the other end is connected to the first water tank 25 through the connecting pipe 24. The first water outlet pipe 14, the second water inlet pipe 15 and the second water outlet pipe 16, the third water inlet pipe 17 and the third water outlet pipe 18, and the steam outlet pipe 23 are all provided with a control valve 20.

[0068] The structural design of the gas storage facility mainly includes the following steps:

[0069] (1) Based on the specific engineering conditions, a three-dimensional model of the surrounding rock-concrete lining-sealing structure is established. Through numerical simulation analysis, the temperature field distribution inside the gas storage reservoir is obtained, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown.

[0070] (2) According to the temperature field distribution, the gas storage is divided into the first temperature control zone 7, the second temperature control zone 9 and the third temperature control zone 11 along the length of the tunnel. The simulated operating temperature of the first temperature control zone 7 is less than 100°C, 100°C ≤ the simulated operating temperature of the second temperature control zone 9 < T, T ≤ the simulated operating temperature of the third temperature control zone 11; where T is the boiling point temperature, which is determined according to the operating pressure of the gas storage, specifically the boiling point temperature of water under the operating pressure of the gas storage, which can be obtained based on physical experiments or by querying the relationship table between the phase change of water and air pressure and temperature. For example, the operating pressure of the gas storage is 10Mpa, the corresponding boiling point temperature is about 310°C, the total length of the tunnel is 150m, the first temperature control zone 7 is 50m long, the second temperature control zone 9 is 75m long, and the third temperature control zone 11 is 25m long.

[0071] (3) Based on the geological data of the gas storage reservoir, determine the setting parameters of the outer sealing structure 2, concrete lining 1, and surrounding rock 5.

[0072] (4) Select a suitable inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3, a water storage bag, and determine the distance d between the inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3 and the outer sealing structure 2. The specific distance of this distance depends on the bearing capacity of the inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3. Specifically, numerical simulation calculation can be used to establish an overall model of the inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3 and the outer sealing structure 2. Assuming that the annular cavity is full of water, this load is applied to the inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3 to determine its bearing capacity. If the bearing capacity is satisfied, it means that d is appropriate.

[0073] (5) The inlet and outlet pipes of each temperature control zone shall be Figure 2 As shown, the water pipes outside the plug 19 are all seamless steel pipes, and the outer side is wrapped with insulation material. Each water pipe is provided with a control valve 20, which can switch to control the water flow, monitor the water volume and water temperature. The water tank is provided with a pressurizing device. Before inflation, water is sent into the water storage bag of the first temperature control zone 7 through the first water inlet pipe 13, and then the water storage bags of the remaining temperature control zones are filled with water by controlling the control valves 20 on each pipeline.

[0074] Next, the gas storage reservoir is inflated, and the control valves 20 of each route are adjusted by monitoring the steam outlet pipe 23. Before the steam is discharged, the water storage bags of each temperature control zone are kept in a closed loop, and the water entering from the first temperature control zone 7 is all water from the third temperature control zone 11, the purpose of which is to keep the water temperature increasing. The outlet temperature of the first temperature control zone 7 does not exceed the boiling point, and then it is introduced into the second temperature control zone 9. Since the water at this time has a certain temperature, the temperature difference between the environment of the second temperature control zone 9 and the water is reduced, so that the temperature difference is not too large to cause deformation of the material, and there is still a temperature difference between the water temperature and the environment at this time, and the purpose of cooling the surrounding structure can still be achieved. Since the ambient temperature of the second temperature control zone 9 is higher than 100°C and the pressure of the gas storage reservoir is much greater than the atmospheric pressure, when the water temperature coming out of the second temperature control zone 9 is higher than 100°, due to the existence of heat loss, the time of vaporization is uncertain, and there will be water after vaporization, so the outlet pipe of the second temperature control zone 9 is connected to the inlet pipe of the third temperature control zone 11, and when the amount of water entering the third temperature control zone 11 is insufficient, it can be supplemented through the third water tank 27.

[0075] When the gas storage reservoir is inflated, since the inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3 is breathable, there will also be gas in the annular cavity between the inner breathable heat-conducting structure 3 and the outer sealing structure 2. The water storage bag is in a pressurized environment all around. As the inflation pressure increases, the water storage bag is a sealed environment, and the boiling point of water will increase. For example, the boiling point of water is 110°C at 0.2MPa and 200°C at 1.4MPa. The boiling point of water increases under high pressure and is carried out by the water outlet pipe, which is equivalent to high pressure to low pressure. At this time, the boiling point decreases, and the heat loss is small. Water can be quickly vaporized to produce water vapor. The water vapor is collected and converted into electrical energy using power generation equipment 22. The process of converting water vapor into electrical energy will produce condensed water, which is collected in the water tank and circulated. The gas storage process of the gas storage reservoir is also a process of water vapor storage. During peak electricity consumption, power generation can be used at the same time to increase power generation efficiency.

[0076] The present invention sequentially arranges a sealing structure 2 and a breathable heat-conducting structure 3 on the inner side of a lining 1, uses an annular partition 4 to divide the annular cavity between the sealing structure 2 and the breathable heat-conducting structure 3 into a plurality of temperature control zones, and arranges a water storage bag in each temperature control zone, and then uses a water circulation between the water circulation structure and the water storage bag to carry away the heat of the gas storage reservoir through the flowing water, thereby achieving temperature control of the gas storage reservoir structure. This method has a simple structure, low cost, and convenient maintenance.

[0077] The present invention utilizes the energy exchange principle to carry away the heat of the gas storage reservoir through flowing water, thereby achieving temperature control of the gas storage reservoir structure, reducing the impact of temperature load on the lining 1 and the sealing layer, improving the reliability and service life of the gas storage reservoir, and ensuring the safety of the gas storage reservoir. At the same time, the basic physical principle of water-to-steam conversion is utilized to convert the internal heat of the gas storage reservoir into water vapor, and water vapor is used to generate electricity, thereby improving power generation efficiency and achieving efficient energy utilization and energy saving.

[0078] The above are only a few embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, using the technical content disclosed above to make slight changes or modifications are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A tunnel-type underground gas storage combined with temperature control, characterized in that: The gas storage comprises: Lining; A sealing structure covering the inner wall surface of the lining; An air-permeable heat-conducting structure is sleeved on the inner side of the sealing structure; an annular cavity is formed between the sealing structure and the air-permeable heat-conducting structure; A plurality of annular partitions are sequentially arranged in the annular cavity along the axial direction of the gas storage reservoir, and are used to divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone and other temperature control zones arranged in sequence, and starting from the first temperature control zone, the simulated operating temperature of each temperature control zone increases in sequence; a water storage bag is arranged in each temperature control zone; A water circulation structure is arranged outside the gas storage reservoir and is in communication with each of the water storage bags, and is used to form a circulating water circuit with the water storage bags; The water circulation structure comprises: N water inlet pipes, respectively connected to the water inlet of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone; N water outlet pipes, respectively connected to the water outlet of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone; A power generation unit is connected to the water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the other temperature control zones and is used to generate electricity using the water vapor in the water outlet pipes; The water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the next temperature control zone arranged in sequence; the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in the last temperature control zone is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone through the power generation unit.

2. The gas storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation unit comprises: N-1 water vapor separation devices are respectively connected to the water outlet pipes of the water storage bags in the remaining temperature control zones; The power generation equipment has one end connected to N-1 water vapor separation equipment through a steam outlet pipe, and the other end connected to the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone through a connecting pipe.

3. The gas storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone, the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe of the water storage bags in the other temperature control zones, and the steam outlet pipe are all provided with control valves, and the control valves are used to control the on-off of the pipelines.

4. The gas storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation structure also includes: N water tanks, the water outlet pipe of the water storage bag in each temperature control zone and the water inlet pipe of the water storage bag in the next temperature control zone arranged in sequence, as well as the water inlet pipe between the power generation unit and the water storage bag in the first temperature control zone are all connected through the water tanks.

5. The gas storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two annular partitions, which divide the annular cavity into a first temperature control zone, a second temperature control zone and a third temperature control zone along the length of the gas storage cave; the simulated operating temperature of the first temperature control zone is less than 100°C, the simulated operating temperature of the second temperature control zone is greater than or equal to 100°C and less than the boiling point temperature, and the simulated operating temperature of the third temperature control zone is greater than or equal to the boiling point temperature; the boiling point temperature is the boiling point temperature of water under the simulated operating pressure of the gas storage.

6. The gas storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the air-permeable heat-conducting structure and the sealing structure is 5 cm to 30 cm; A plurality of connectors are provided between the air-permeable and heat-conducting structure and the sealing structure, and the connectors are used to connect the air-permeable and heat-conducting structure and the sealing structure.

7. The gas storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both side surfaces of the annular partition are covered with heat-insulating materials.

8. The gas storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-permeable heat-conducting structure is a cylindrical steel plate, and a plurality of air-permeable holes are formed on the cylindrical steel plate.

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