A solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system and method, which relates to the field of thermal management technology. The system includes a hydrogen charging and discharging module, a heating liquid storage module, a cooling liquid storage module, a circuit switching module, a heat exchanger and a cooling module. The hydrogen charging and discharging module includes a hydrogen storage unit, which is connected to a first control valve and a second control valve. The heating liquid storage module is composed of a hot liquid storage tank and a heater, and is connected to the control valve. The cooling liquid storage module includes a cold liquid storage tank, which is connected to the control valve. The circuit switching module uses the first and second control valves to switch the flow path of the heat exchange medium. The cooling module includes a cooling unit. When charging hydrogen, the control valve configuration forms a first connecting circuit to cool the heat exchange medium to the hydrogen charging temperature; when discharging hydrogen, a second connecting circuit is formed to heat the heat exchange medium to the hydrogen discharging temperature. The present invention can effectively control the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the hydrogen charging and discharging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermal management technology, and in particular to a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system and method. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage refers to the technology of storing hydrogen through a reversible chemical reaction between hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen. This technology has the advantages of high energy density and good hydrogen storage safety, so it is widely used in the field of hydrogen energy. However, during the process of hydrogen filling and dehydration, the chemical reaction will produce exothermic or endothermic effects, resulting in significant changes in the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. If the temperature is not properly controlled, it will not only affect the performance of the hydrogen storage material, but also reduce the operating efficiency of the system and even cause safety problems.

[0003] Therefore, how to effectively control the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the hydrogen charging and discharging process has become an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is to effectively control the temperature of a solid-state hydrogen storage system during the hydrogen charging and discharging process, thereby improving the hydrogen charging and discharging efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system and method.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, comprising:

[0007] A circuit switching module, comprising a first control valve and a second control valve, wherein the circuit switching module is used to switch the flow path of the heat exchange medium according to the hydrogen charging state and the hydrogen decompression state;

[0008] A hydrogen charging and discharging module comprises a hydrogen storage unit, wherein two ends of the hydrogen storage unit are respectively connected to the first control valve and the second control valve;

[0009] A heating liquid storage module, comprising a hot liquid storage tank and a heater, wherein two ends of the hot liquid storage tank are respectively connected to the first control valve and the second control valve, and the heating liquid storage module comprises a hot liquid storage tank and a heater, wherein the heater is connected to the hot liquid storage tank and is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank;

[0010] A cooling liquid storage module, comprising a cold liquid storage tank, two ends of which are respectively connected to the first control valve and the second control valve;

[0011] A heat exchanger, wherein the cold side inlet and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to two ends of the cooling module, the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen storage unit, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the first control valve;

[0012] A cooling module, comprising a cooling unit, wherein the cooling unit is used to cool the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit by heat conduction through the heat exchanger in a hydrogen charging state;

[0013] Wherein, when the first control valve and the second control valve are in the first state, the cooling unit cools the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit to a first temperature range corresponding to the start of hydrogen filling; when the first control valve and the second control valve are in the second state, the heater heats the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit to a second temperature range corresponding to the start of hydrogen discharge.

[0014] Optionally, the heating liquid storage module also includes a solar water heater and a solar water tank, the hot liquid storage tank is built in the solar water tank, the solar water heater heats the solar water tank, and the solar water tank preheats the hot liquid storage tank by water bath heating.

[0015] Optionally, the hydrogen storage unit includes a hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen storage alloy is placed in the hydrogen storage tank, and the heat exchange medium flows through the external interlayer of the hydrogen storage tank, and the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit is maintained within the first temperature range in the hydrogen charging state through heat conduction, and the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit is maintained within the second temperature range in the hydrogen degassing state.

[0016] Optionally, both the first control valve and the second control valve are three-way ball valves;

[0017] The first control valve and the second control valve are respectively connected to the hot liquid storage tank, the cold liquid storage tank and the hydrogen storage unit through pipelines. The first control valve and the second control valve are adjusted by valve positions so that the heat exchange medium flows through the cold liquid storage tank in the hydrogen charging state, and the heat exchange medium flows through the hot liquid storage tank in the hydrogen degassing state.

[0018] Optionally, a liquid replenishment module is further included, the liquid replenishment module includes a liquid level sensor, a liquid replenishment pump, a first electric ball valve and a second electric ball valve, the liquid replenishment pump is connected to the cold liquid storage tank and the hot liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the first electric ball valve is located on the pipeline between the liquid replenishment pump and the hot liquid storage tank, the second electric ball valve is located on the pipeline between the liquid replenishment pump and the cold liquid storage tank, and the liquid level sensor is installed at the hot liquid storage tank to detect the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank;

[0019] When the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank is lower than the preset liquid level, the liquid replenishing pump, the first electric ball valve and the second electric ball valve are opened, and the hot liquid storage tank is replenished with liquid using the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank;

[0020] When the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank reaches the preset liquid level, the liquid replenishing pump, the first electric ball valve and the second electric ball valve are closed, and the liquid replenishment to the hot liquid storage tank is stopped.

[0021] Optionally, an overflow pipe is also included, which is installed above the side of the hot liquid storage tank and connected to the cold liquid storage tank. When the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank flows out, the overflowed heat exchange medium is recovered to the cold liquid storage tank through the overflow pipe.

[0022] Optionally, an over-temperature protection module is further included, and the over-temperature protection module includes a temperature sensor arranged on the hydrogen storage unit, and the temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the hydrogen storage unit.

[0023] Optionally, a driving water pump is further included, and the driving water pump is located on the pipeline between the second control valve and the hydrogen storage unit.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method, using any of the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management systems, comprising:

[0025] Identifying a target operating state of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, wherein the target operating state includes a hydrogen charging operating state and a hydrogen decharging operating state;

[0026] If the target working state is the hydrogen charging working state, the first control valve and the second control valve are controlled to be in the first state, so that the hydrogen charging and discharging module, the heat exchanger, the cooling liquid storage module, the cooling module and the circuit switching module form a first connecting circuit, and the heat exchange medium in the first connecting circuit is cooled to a first temperature range by the cooling unit, and the first temperature range is the working temperature range of solid hydrogen storage during hydrogen charging;

[0027] If the target passing state is the hydrogen decomposition working state, the first control valve and the second control valve are controlled to be in the second state, so that the hydrogen charging and decomposition module, the heat exchanger, the heating liquid storage module and the circuit switching module form a second connecting circuit, and the heat exchange medium in the second connecting circuit is heated to a second temperature range by the heater, and the second temperature range is the working temperature range during solid-state hydrogen storage and decomposition.

[0028] Optionally, it also includes:

[0029] In the hydrogen release working state, obtaining the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop;

[0030] If the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the first preset temperature, the cooling unit is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop by heat conduction of the heat exchanger until the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is less than the first preset temperature, and then the cooling unit is shut down;

[0031] If the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the second preset temperature, the cooling unit is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop through heat conduction of the heat exchanger, and the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the first state, so that the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen charging and discharging module circulates through the first communication loop until the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen charging and discharging module is less than the first preset temperature, then the cooling unit is closed, and the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the second state;

[0032] Wherein, the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the flow path of the heat exchange medium in the hydrogen charging state and the hydrogen degassing state is switched by the first control valve and the second control valve of the circuit switching module, so that when the system switches from the hydrogen charging state to the hydrogen degassing state, the temperature change of the hydrogen storage unit can be quickly responded to; by respectively arranging the first control valve and the second control valve at both ends of the hydrogen charging and degassing module, the heating liquid storage module and the cooling liquid storage module, the heat exchange medium flows through different circuits according to the working state of the hydrogen charging and degassing system, and the circuit switching mode has high flexibility, which can effectively improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogen charging and degassing system, and the automaticity of the flow path Automatic switching avoids complex manual operations and improves the automation and reliability of the hydrogen charging and discharging system; in the hydrogen charging state, the first control valve and the second control valve are in the first state, and the cooling module cools the heat exchange medium to the first temperature range required for hydrogen charging through the cooling unit and the heat exchanger, ensuring that the hydrogen storage alloy will not reduce the hydrogen absorption efficiency due to excessive temperature during the hydrogen charging process; in the hydrogen discharging state, the first control valve and the second control valve are in the second state, and the heating liquid storage module heats the heat exchange medium to the second temperature range required for hydrogen discharging through the heater, ensuring that the hydrogen discharging process can proceed smoothly and improve the hydrogen release rate. The present invention can realize automatic temperature control according to different working conditions of hydrogen charging and hydrogen discharging, thereby improving the hydrogen charging and discharging efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 11-first control valve; 12-second control valve; 21-hydrogen storage unit; 31-hot liquid storage tank; 32-heater; 33-solar water heater; 41-cold liquid storage tank; 51-heat exchanger; 61-cooling unit; 71-liquid replenishment pump; 72-first electric ball valve; 73-second electric ball valve; 81-overflow pipe; 91-driving water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be understood that the various steps described in the method embodiments of the present invention may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0040] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0041] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0042] The names of the messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not used to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0043] Reference Figure 1The present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, including a circuit switching module, a hydrogen charging and discharging module, a heating liquid storage module, a cooling liquid storage module, a heat exchanger 51 and a cooling module;

[0044] The circuit switching module includes a first control valve 11 and a second control valve 12 , and the circuit switching module is used to switch the flow path of the heat exchange medium according to the hydrogen charging state and the hydrogen decharging state.

[0045] Specifically, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are similar to the path switching switch of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, which switches the flow path of the heat exchange medium according to the hydrogen charging and discharging conditions, ensuring the thermal management and safe operation of the solid-state hydrogen storage system under different working conditions. The heat exchange medium of the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 is used to transfer heat under different working conditions, thereby realizing the thermal management of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. The heat exchange medium can be water, water-based solution, salt solution, synthetic oil, etc.

[0046] The first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 may be of the same type, but at different locations in the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system. For example, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 may be electric three-way ball valves, pneumatic three-way ball valves or other forms of three-way control ball valves.

[0047] The hydrogen charging and discharging module includes a hydrogen storage unit 21 , and two ends of the hydrogen storage unit 21 are respectively connected to the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 .

[0048] The heating liquid storage module includes a hot liquid storage tank 31 and a heater 32. The two ends of the hot liquid storage tank 31 are respectively connected to the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12. The heating liquid storage module includes a hot liquid storage tank 31 and a heater 32. The heater 32 is connected to the hot liquid storage tank 31 and is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31.

[0049] Furthermore, the heating liquid storage module is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the hydrogen release process, so as to maintain the appropriate working temperature of the hydrogen storage unit 21 and promote the release of hydrogen. The hot liquid storage tank 31 is used to store and circulate the heat exchange medium. The heater 32 can be an electric heater 32, a steam heater 32 or other forms of heating equipment, which is connected to the hot liquid storage tank 31 through a pipeline, or is directly installed inside the hot liquid storage tank 31. The heater 32 heats the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31 so that the heat exchange medium reaches the required temperature, thereby maintaining the temperature around the hydrogen storage unit 21 to the temperature required for the hydrogen release state, thereby promoting the efficient release of hydrogen. The temperature in the hot liquid storage tank 31 can be obtained by a temperature sensor arranged in the hot liquid storage tank 31.

[0050] The cooling liquid storage module includes a cold liquid storage tank 41 , and two ends of the cold liquid storage tank 41 are respectively connected to the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 .

[0051] The cold liquid storage tank 41 is mainly used for storing and circulating low temperature heat exchange medium. Both ends of the cold liquid storage tank 41 are connected to the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 through pipelines, thereby forming a part of the cooling circuit.

[0052] The heat exchanger 51 includes a cold side inlet, a cold side outlet, a hot side inlet and a hot side outlet, wherein the cold side inlet and the cold side outlet are respectively connected to two ends of the cooling module, the hot side inlet is connected to the hydrogen storage unit 21, and the hot side outlet is connected to the first control valve.

[0053] The cooling module includes a cooling unit 61 , and the cooling unit 61 is used to cool the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit 21 by heat conduction through the heat exchanger 51 in the hydrogen charging state.

[0054] Specifically, the cold side inlet and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 51 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cooling module, while the cold side inlet is connected to the hydrogen storage unit, and the hot side outlet is connected to the first control valve. Among them, the medium flowing through the cold side of the heat exchanger 51 is different from the medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchanger 51, and the two are independent of each other, thereby realizing efficient heat conversion of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system. Since the heat exchanger 51 is connected to the cooling unit, the heat exchanger 51 can receive the refrigeration effect of the cooling unit, and then cool the heat exchange medium flowing through the liquid storage unit to ensure that the hydrogen storage unit 21 is at an appropriate temperature condition, thereby improving the hydrogen absorption efficiency.

[0055] Among them, in the hydrogen charging state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are in the first state, so that the hydrogen charging and discharging module, the heat exchanger 51, the cooling liquid storage module and the circuit switching module form a first connecting circuit, and the cooling module cools the heat exchange medium in the first connecting circuit to a first temperature range through the cooling unit. The first temperature range is the operating temperature range during solid-state hydrogen storage charging.

[0056] It should be explained that, in the hydrogen charging state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are set to allow the first communication circuit (i.e., the cooling path) to be connected to ensure the smooth flow of the heat exchange medium in the first communication circuit. That is, the heat exchange medium enters the hydrogen storage unit 21 from the cold liquid storage tank 41 through the second control valve 12, absorbs the heat generated when the hydrogen storage unit 21 absorbs hydrogen, and the cooling unit is started, and the temperature of the heated heat exchange medium is reduced to the first temperature range through the heat exchanger 51.

[0057] In the hydrogen decomposition state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are in the second state, so that the hydrogen charging and decomposition module, the heat exchanger 51, the heating liquid storage module and the circuit switching module form a second connecting circuit, and the heating liquid storage module heats the heat exchange medium in the second connecting circuit to a second temperature range through the heater 32. The second temperature range is the operating temperature range during solid-state hydrogen storage and decomposition.

[0058] It should be explained that, in the hydrogen release state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 switch valves so that the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are set to allow the second communication circuit (i.e., the heating circuit) to be connected to ensure the smooth flow of the heat exchange medium in the second communication circuit. At this time, the heater 32 is turned on, and the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot liquid storage tank 31 is heated and heated, so that the heat exchange medium is heated to the second temperature range, and then the heated heat exchange medium passes through the second control valve 12 and enters the hydrogen storage unit 21, releasing heat to enhance the release of hydrogen, causing the temperature of the heat exchange medium to drop, and then the heat exchange medium flows through the first control valve 11 into the heating liquid storage module to be heated again.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the flow path of the heat exchange medium in the hydrogen charging state and the hydrogen degassing state is switched by the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 of the circuit switching module, so that when the system switches from the hydrogen charging state to the hydrogen degassing state, the temperature change requirement of the hydrogen storage unit 21 can be quickly responded to; by respectively arranging the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 at both ends of the hydrogen charging and degassing module, the heating liquid storage module and the cooling liquid storage module, the heat exchange medium flows through different circuits according to the working state of the hydrogen charging and degassing system, and the circuit switching mode has high flexibility, which can effectively improve the energy efficiency utilization rate of the hydrogen charging and degassing system, and the flow path Automatic switching avoids complex manual operations and improves the automation and reliability of the hydrogen charging and discharging system; in the hydrogen charging state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are in the first state, and the cooling unit 61 cools the heat exchange medium to the first temperature range required for hydrogen charging through the heat exchanger 51, ensuring that the hydrogen storage alloy will not reduce the hydrogen absorption efficiency due to excessive temperature during the hydrogen charging process; in the hydrogen discharging state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are in the second state, and the heating liquid storage module heats the heat exchange medium to the second temperature range required for hydrogen discharging through the heater 32, ensuring that the hydrogen discharging process can proceed smoothly and improve the hydrogen release rate. The present invention can realize automatic temperature control according to different working conditions of hydrogen charging and hydrogen discharging, thereby improving the hydrogen charging and discharging efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0060] In one embodiment, the heating liquid storage module also includes a solar water heater and a solar water tank. The hot liquid storage tank 31 is built into the solar water tank 33. The solar water heater heats the solar water tank 33, and the solar water tank 33 preheats the hot liquid storage tank 31 by water bath heating.

[0061] Specifically, after collecting and converting heat energy, the solar water heater heats the heat exchange medium in the solar water heater tank 33, and then uses the water bath heating principle to preheat the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31. On the one hand, it can increase the initial temperature of the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31, shorten the heating time of the electric heater 32, and achieve rapid hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage unit 21; on the other hand, it can reduce the energy consumption of the electric heater 32.

[0062] Optionally, the hydrogen storage unit 21 includes a hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen storage alloy is placed in the hydrogen storage tank, the heat exchange medium flows through the external interlayer of the hydrogen storage tank through the first connecting loop or the second connecting loop, and the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit 21 is maintained within the first temperature range in the hydrogen charging state through heat conduction, and the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit 21 is maintained within the second temperature range in the hydrogen degassing state.

[0063] This embodiment realizes dynamic regulation of temperature during the hydrogen storage process by controlling the temperature of the outer interlayer of the hydrogen storage unit 21, which can improve the thermal management efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0064] In one embodiment, both the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are three-way ball valves;

[0065] The first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are respectively connected to the hot liquid storage tank 31, the cold liquid storage tank 41 and the hydrogen storage unit 21 through pipelines. The first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 adjust the valve position so that the heat exchange medium flows through the cold liquid storage tank 41 in the hydrogen charging state, and the heat exchange medium flows through the hot liquid storage tank 31 in the hydrogen degassing state.

[0066] Specifically, when switching between the hydrogen charging and discharging states, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 can automatically adjust the valve positions according to the operation of the solid-state hydrogen storage system without manual intervention, thereby realizing intelligent regulation of the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit 21 and improving the hydrogen charging and discharging efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0067] In one embodiment, a liquid replenishment module is further included, the liquid replenishment module including a liquid level sensor, a liquid replenishment pump 61, a first electric ball valve 72 and a second electric ball valve 73, the liquid replenishment pump 61 is connected to the cold liquid storage tank 41 and the hot liquid storage tank 31 through a pipeline, the first electric ball valve 72 is located on the pipeline between the liquid replenishment pump 61 and the hot liquid storage tank 31, the second electric ball valve 73 is located on the pipeline between the liquid replenishment pump 61 and the cold liquid storage tank 41, and the liquid level sensor is installed at the hot liquid storage tank 31 to detect the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank 31;

[0068] When the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank 31 is lower than the preset liquid level, the liquid replenishing pump 61, the first electric ball valve 72 and the second electric ball valve 73 are opened, and the hot liquid storage tank 31 is replenished with liquid using the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank 41;

[0069] When the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank 31 reaches the preset liquid level, the liquid replenishing pump 61 , the first electric ball valve 72 , and the second electric ball valve 73 are closed, and the liquid replenishment to the hot liquid storage tank 31 is stopped.

[0070] It should be explained that, in the process of charging and discharging hydrogen of the hydrogen storage unit 21, the charging time is shorter than the discharging time, so that the heat exchange medium in the solid hydrogen storage system circulates through the hot liquid storage tank 31 most of the time, and because the heater 32 in the hot liquid storage tank 31 works for a long time, the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31 will evaporate and lose, causing the heat exchange medium level in the hot liquid storage tank 31 to drop. In order to avoid the heat exchange medium level in the hot liquid storage tank 31 from continuously dropping, even below the safe liquid level, causing the working efficiency of the driving water pump to decrease and the measurement accuracy of the flow meter to decrease, ultimately affecting the temperature control of the solid hydrogen storage thermal management system and possibly causing safety hazards, this embodiment introduces a liquid replenishment module, and when the heat exchange medium level in the storage tank is lower than the preset level, the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank 41 is used to replenish the heat exchange medium in the storage tank, so that the heat exchange medium level in the hot liquid storage tank 31 is in a better state, thereby improving the safety and stability of the solid hydrogen storage thermal management system.

[0071] In one embodiment, an overflow pipe 81 is further included, which is installed above the side of the hot liquid storage tank 31 and connected to the cold liquid storage tank 41. When the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31 flows out, the overflowed heat exchange medium is recovered to the cold liquid storage tank 41 through the overflow pipe 81.

[0072] Specifically, during the replenishment process, the replenishment pump 61 may lose control, causing the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31 to overflow. This embodiment adds an overflow pipe 81 in the hot liquid storage tank 31 and the cold liquid storage tank 41, so that the overflowed heat exchange medium is recovered by the cold liquid storage tank 41, thereby maintaining the balance and circulation of the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank 41 and the hot liquid storage tank 31, which can effectively improve the resource utilization and automated management capabilities of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system.

[0073] In one embodiment, an over-temperature protection module is further included, and the over-temperature protection module includes a temperature sensor arranged on the hydrogen storage unit 21, and the temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first connecting loop or the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second connecting loop.

[0074] It should be explained that, during the hydrogen release process, the heater 32 heats the heat exchange medium, which causes the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop to heat up. However, if the temperature of the heat exchange medium is too high, the pressure of the hydrogen storage unit 21 will increase, and the hydrogen release rate will increase, which will cause safety hazards. Therefore, the temperature sensor on the hydrogen storage unit of this embodiment obtains the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first communication loop or the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop, and then handles the temperature abnormality in time to improve the safety of the system.

[0075] Specifically, the corresponding measures include starting the cooling unit 61 to cool down the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop; if the temperature of the heat exchange medium exceeds the second preset temperature (the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature), the first communication loop can be started to circulate the heat exchange medium under the premise of starting the cooling unit 61, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank 41 is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank 31, so that the cooling of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit 21 can be accelerated until the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit 21 is lower than the first preset temperature, and then the first control valve 11 and the second control valve 12 are switched to the second state. This embodiment can improve the safety of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system by ensuring that the temperature of the heat exchange medium is kept within the target range during the dehydrogenation process through effective temperature detection and control.

[0076] In one embodiment, a driving water pump 91 is further included, and the driving water pump 91 is located on the pipeline between the second control valve 12 and the hydrogen storage unit 21 .

[0077] In this embodiment, the introduction of the driving water pump 91 can ensure that the heat exchange medium circulates in the first connecting loop or the second connecting loop, thereby improving the operating stability of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system.

[0078] Reference Figure 2The present invention also provides a solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method, using any of the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management systems, comprising:

[0079] S21, identifying the target operating state of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, wherein the target operating state includes a hydrogen charging operating state and a hydrogen decharging operating state;

[0080] S22. If the target operating state is the hydrogen charging operating state, the first control valve and the second control valve are controlled to be in the first state, so that the hydrogen charging and discharging module, the heat exchanger, the cooling liquid storage module, the cooling module and the circuit switching module form a first connecting circuit, and the heat exchange medium in the first connecting circuit is cooled to a first temperature range by the cooling unit. The first temperature range is the operating temperature range during solid-state hydrogen storage charging.

[0081] It should be explained that, in the hydrogen charging state, the first control valve and the second control valve are set to allow the first communication loop (i.e., the cooling path) to be connected to ensure the smooth flow of the heat exchange medium in the first communication loop. That is, the heat exchange medium enters the hydrogen storage unit from the cold liquid storage tank through the second control valve, absorbs the heat generated when the hydrogen storage unit absorbs hydrogen, and the cooling unit is started, and the temperature of the heated heat exchange medium is reduced to the first temperature range through the heat exchanger.

[0082] S23. If the target passing state is the hydrogen decomposition working state, control the first control valve and the second control valve to be in the second state, so that the hydrogen charging and decomposition module, the heat exchanger, the heating liquid storage module and the circuit switching module form a second connecting circuit, and heat the heat exchange medium in the second connecting circuit to a second temperature range through the heater, and the second temperature range is the working temperature range of solid-state hydrogen storage and decomposition.

[0083] It should be explained that, in the hydrogen release state, the first control valve 11 and the second control valve switch valves so that the first control valve and the second control valve are set to allow the second communication circuit (i.e., the heating circuit) to be connected to ensure the smooth flow of the heat exchange medium in the second communication circuit. At this time, the heater is turned on, and the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot liquid storage tank is heated and heated, so that the heat exchange medium is heated to the second temperature range, and then the heated heat exchange medium passes through the second control valve into the hydrogen storage unit, releases heat to enhance the release of hydrogen, causing the temperature of the heat exchange medium to drop, and then the heat exchange medium flows through the first control valve 11 into the heating liquid storage module to be heated again.

[0084] In one embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method further includes:

[0085] In the hydrogen release working state, obtaining the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop;

[0086] If the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the first preset temperature, the cooling unit is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop by heat conduction of the heat exchanger until the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is less than the first preset temperature, and then the cooling unit is shut down;

[0087] If the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the second preset temperature, the cooling unit is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop through heat conduction of the heat exchanger, and the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the first state, so that the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen charging and discharging module circulates through the first communication loop until the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen charging and discharging module is less than the first preset temperature, then the cooling unit is closed, and the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the second state;

[0088] Wherein, the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature.

[0089] It needs to be explained that during the hydrogen decomposition process, the heater heats the heat exchange medium, which causes the heat exchange medium in the second connecting loop to heat up. However, if the temperature of the heat exchange medium is too high, the pressure of the hydrogen storage unit will increase, and the hydrogen decomposition rate will increase, posing a safety hazard.

[0090] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the first preset temperature, it means that the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop has reached the first warning line. At this time, the cooling unit is started to cool down the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop through the heat conduction of the heat exchanger until the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is less than the first preset temperature to achieve the purpose of cooling; when the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the communication loop is greater than the second preset temperature, it means that the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop has reached a dangerous level, that is, the second warning line, and faster cooling measures are required. In this embodiment, under the premise of starting the cooling unit, the first communication loop is started to circulate the heat exchange medium. Since the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank, the cooling of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit can be accelerated until the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit is lower than the first preset temperature, and then the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the second state. In this embodiment, effective temperature detection and control are used to ensure that the temperature of the heat exchange medium during the dehydrogenation process is kept within the target range, which can improve the operating efficiency of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system.

[0091] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, characterized in that: include: A circuit switching module, comprising a first control valve (11) and a second control valve (12), wherein the circuit switching module is used to switch the flow path of the heat exchange medium according to a hydrogen charging state and a hydrogen decharging state; A hydrogen charging and discharging module, comprising a hydrogen storage unit (21), wherein two ends of the hydrogen storage unit (21) are respectively connected to the first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12); A heating liquid storage module, comprising a hot liquid storage tank (31) and a heater (32), wherein two ends of the hot liquid storage tank (31) are respectively connected to the first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12), and the heater (32) is connected to the hot liquid storage tank (31); A cooling liquid storage module, comprising a cold liquid storage tank (41), wherein two ends of the cold liquid storage tank (41) are respectively connected to the first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12); a heat exchanger (51), wherein a cold side inlet and a cold side outlet of the heat exchanger (51) are respectively connected to two ends of the cooling module, a hot side inlet of the heat exchanger (51) is connected to the hydrogen storage unit (21), and a hot side outlet of the heat exchanger (51) is connected to the first control valve (11); A cooling module, comprising a cooling unit (61), wherein the cooling unit (61) is used to cool a heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit (21) through the heat exchanger (51) in a hydrogen charging state; When the first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12) are in a first state, the cooling unit (61) cools the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit (21) to a first temperature range corresponding to the start of hydrogen charging; when the first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12) are in a second state, the heater (32) heats the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen storage unit (21) to a second temperature range corresponding to the start of hydrogen discharge.

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating liquid storage module further comprises a solar water heater and a solar water tank (33); the hot liquid storage tank (31) is built into the solar water tank (33); the solar water heater heats the solar water tank (33); and the solar water tank (33) preheats the hot liquid storage tank (31) by means of water bath heating.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage unit (21) comprises a hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen storage alloy is placed in the hydrogen storage tank, the heat exchange medium flows through the outer interlayer of the hydrogen storage tank, and the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit (21) is maintained within the first temperature range in a hydrogen charging state through heat conduction, and the temperature of the hydrogen storage unit (21) is maintained within the second temperature range in a hydrogen discharging state.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12) are both three-way ball valves; The first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12) are connected to the hot liquid storage tank (31), the cold liquid storage tank (41) and the hydrogen storage unit (21) respectively through pipelines. The first control valve (11) and the second control valve (12) are adjusted in valve position so that the heat exchange medium flows through the cold liquid storage tank (41) in a hydrogen charging state, and the heat exchange medium flows through the hot liquid storage tank (31) in a hydrogen discharging state.

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid replenishment module further comprises a liquid replenishment module, the liquid replenishment module comprising a liquid level sensor, a liquid replenishment pump (71), a first electric ball valve (72) and a second electric ball valve (73); the liquid replenishment pump (71) is connected to the cold liquid storage tank (41) and the hot liquid storage tank (31) via a pipeline; the first electric ball valve (72) is located on the pipeline between the liquid replenishment pump (71) and the hot liquid storage tank (31); the second electric ball valve (73) is located on the pipeline between the liquid replenishment pump (71) and the cold liquid storage tank (41); the liquid level sensor is installed at the hot liquid storage tank (31) and is used to detect the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank (31); When the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank (31) is lower than a preset liquid level, the liquid replenishing pump (71), the first electric ball valve (72) and the second electric ball valve (73) are opened to replenish the hot liquid storage tank (31) with the heat exchange medium in the cold liquid storage tank (41); When the liquid level in the hot liquid storage tank (31) reaches the preset liquid level, the liquid replenishing pump (71), the first electric ball valve (72) and the second electric ball valve (73) are closed, and liquid replenishment to the hot liquid storage tank (31) is stopped.

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an overflow pipe (81), which is installed above the side of the hot liquid storage tank (31) and connected to the cold liquid storage tank (41). When the heat exchange medium in the hot liquid storage tank (31) flows out, the overflowed heat exchange medium is recovered into the cold liquid storage tank (41) through the overflow pipe (81).

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an over-temperature protection module, the over-temperature protection module including a temperature sensor arranged on the hydrogen storage unit (21), the temperature sensor being used to obtain the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the hydrogen storage unit (21).

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving water pump (91), wherein the driving water pump (91) is located on the pipeline between the second control valve (12) and the hydrogen storage unit (21).

9. A solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method, characterized in that: The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises: Identifying a target operating state of the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management system, wherein the target operating state includes a hydrogen charging operating state and a hydrogen decharging operating state; If the target working state is the hydrogen charging working state, the first control valve and the second control valve are controlled to be in the first state, so that the hydrogen charging and discharging module, the heat exchanger, the cooling liquid storage module and the circuit switching module form a first connecting circuit, and the heat exchange medium in the first connecting circuit is cooled to a first temperature range by the cooling unit, and the first temperature range is the working temperature range of solid hydrogen storage during hydrogen charging; If the target working state is the hydrogen decomposition working state, the first control valve and the second control valve are controlled to be in the second state, so that the hydrogen charging and decomposition module, the heat exchanger, the heating liquid storage module and the circuit switching module form a second connecting circuit, and the heat exchange medium in the second connecting circuit is heated to a second temperature range by the heater, and the second temperature range is the working temperature range during solid-state hydrogen storage and decomposition.

10. The solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: In the hydrogen release working state, obtaining the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop; If the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the first preset temperature, the cooling unit is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop by heat conduction of the heat exchanger until the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is less than the first preset temperature, and then the cooling unit is shut down; If the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop is greater than the second preset temperature, the cooling unit is started to cool the heat exchange medium in the second communication loop through heat conduction of the heat exchanger, and the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the first state, so that the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen charging and discharging module circulates through the first communication loop until the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing through the hydrogen charging and discharging module is less than the first preset temperature, then the cooling unit is closed, and the first control valve and the second control valve are switched to the second state; Wherein, the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature.

Images