Mutual enhancement friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of friction electromagnetic hybrid generators, and particularly relates to a multifunctional amorphous alloy-based mutual enhancement friction electromagnetic hybrid generator, which comprises a top plate, an electrode is arranged at the lower end of the top plate, a friction layer is arranged at the lower end of the electrode, and a synergistic layer is arranged at the lower end of the friction layer. A copper coil is arranged at the lower end of the collaboration layer; wherein the synergistic layer and the copper coil are stators, and the top plate, the electrode, the friction layer, the magnet and the bottom plate are rotors. According to the invention, the output current and the current retention rate of the TENG are greatly improved, the output power of the EMG is enhanced, high coupling between the TENG and the EMG is realized, and the overall energy conversion efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the designed self-powered variable impedance system can realize high-efficiency energy utilization without an external power supply management circuit, which is nearly three times of that of the existing constant impedance system, so that the problem of high-efficiency energy collection and utilization is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of friction electromagnetic hybrid generators, and in particular relates to a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, most tribo-electromagnetic hybrid generators (TEHGs) use a simple stacking method of TENG (tribo-nanogenerator) and EMG (electromagnetic generator), which fails to achieve efficient collaborative work. In addition, during the long-term operation of TENG, due to the continuous contact and relative movement of the friction material, its surface will gradually wear, resulting in an increase in surface roughness, which not only reduces the effective contact area, but also increases the risk of air breakdown. The air breakdown phenomenon refers to the ionization of air molecules on the surface of the friction material under the action of a strong electric field, forming a conductive channel, so that the charge that should have been collected is quickly lost through the channel, resulting in a significant decrease in the output current and voltage of TENG, that is, the output is easy to decay. On the other hand, although EMG can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, its output power is limited by the effective use of the magnetic field. Due to the divergent characteristics of the magnetic field in space, the magnetic field strength around the coil is often difficult to reach an ideal state, thereby limiting the output power of EMG (such as the literature with patent application number: CN202223262921.4 also proposed a similar problem).

[0003] In addition, the significant impedance difference between TENG and EMG is also a key factor affecting energy utilization efficiency. TENG usually has an output impedance of megohms, while EMG has an output impedance of kilohms. In practical applications, the impedance of the application end needs to match the impedance of the energy collection part (such as the document with patent application number: CN202322396966.9 also proposed a similar problem), otherwise, a large amount of energy will be lost during the transmission process, thereby reducing energy utilization efficiency. These problems jointly limit the overall performance of TEHG and its wide application. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy, which solves the problems of low energy conversion efficiency and poor durability of the existing friction electromagnetic hybrid generator.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy, comprising a top plate, an electrode is arranged at the lower end of the top plate, a friction layer is arranged at the lower end of the electrode, a cooperative layer is arranged at the lower end of the friction layer, a copper coil is arranged at the lower end of the cooperative layer, a magnet is arranged at the lower end of the copper coil, and a bottom plate is arranged at the lower end of the magnet;

[0006] The cooperative layer and copper coil are stators, and the top plate, electrodes, friction layer, magnets and bottom plate are rotors.

[0007] The principle of the present invention is that the cooperative layer and the copper coil are the stator, which means that the cooperative layer and the copper coil are fixed to the outer shell, and the top plate, electrode, friction layer, magnet and bottom plate are the rotor, which means that the above structure is fixed to a rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft to achieve relative rotation with the stator.

[0008] To achieve efficient energy harvesting, this scheme uses a multifunctional amorphous alloy Fe72B20Si8 as a synergistic layer and integrates it into a friction electromagnetic hybrid generator (SE-TEHG). The SE-TEHG consists of an electrode, a friction layer, a synergistic layer, a copper coil and a magnet. The synergistic layer significantly enhances the output performance of the friction nanogenerator (TENG) and the electromagnetic generator (EMG) through its low surface roughness, high Vickers hardness, amorphous structure and high magnetization intensity. TENG uses amorphous alloys to improve charge transfer efficiency and reduce wear, while EMG benefits from the magnetic field concentration effect of the synergistic layer, greatly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0009] The specific principle is that the material used in the collaborative layer has the characteristics of low surface roughness and high Vickers hardness, which improves the durability of TENG, increases the effective contact area, and reduces the loss caused by air breakdown. Its high magnetization intensity characteristics make the magnetic field around the copper coil more concentrated, thereby enhancing ENG output.

[0010] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention significantly improves the performance of the tribo-electromagnetic hybrid generator by introducing the multifunctional amorphous alloy Fe72B20Si8 as a synergistic layer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly improves the output current and current retention rate of TENG, enhances the output power of EMG, realizes a high degree of coupling between TENG and EMG, and improves the overall energy conversion efficiency; at the same time, the designed self-powered variable impedance system can achieve efficient energy utilization without the need for an external power management circuit, which is nearly 3 times that of the existing constant impedance system, thereby solving the problem of efficient energy collection and utilization.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the copper coils is four, and the four copper coils are evenly distributed at the lower end of the cooperative layer, and the copper coil is a stator.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of the magnets is four, and the four magnets are evenly distributed on the upper end of the bottom plate, and the magnets are rotors.

[0013] Furthermore, the friction layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the friction layer is a rotor.

[0014] Furthermore, the top plate is made of acrylic material, which has good strength.

[0015] Furthermore, the cooperative layer is in a disc shape, and the cooperative layer is equally divided into a number of sector-shaped surfaces.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom plate is made of acrylic material, and the bottom plate can fix the magnet.

[0017] A self-powered system is based on the above-mentioned mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy, and also includes a load, which is a variable impedance electronic component, and the load is electrically connected to the electrode and the copper coil respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, the load is a discharge tube DT or a UV-GDT. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The invention provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy. Figure 1 Top view of the electrode;

[0021] Figure 3 The invention provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy. Figure 1 Top view of the friction layer;

[0022] Figure 4 The invention provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy. Figure 1 A top view of the collaborative layer;

[0023] Figure 5 The invention provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy. Figure 1 A top view of a copper coil;

[0024] Figure 6 The invention provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy. Figure 1 A top view of a magnet;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of durability tests of a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of EMG peak power of a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9The voltage and current of the constant resistance element (LED) of the mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on the multifunctional amorphous alloy and its energy utilization efficiency diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 The voltage and current of the discharge tube DT of the mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on the multifunctional amorphous alloy and its energy utilization efficiency diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 This is a power management circuit diagram of a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 This is a circuit diagram for measuring the electrical characteristics of a discharge tube DT of a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 It is an equivalent circuit diagram of the discharge tube DT of the mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on the multifunctional amorphous alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:

[0033] Top plate 1, electrode 2, friction layer 3, cooperative layer 4, copper coil 5, magnet 6, bottom plate 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0035] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy, comprising a top plate 1, an electrode 2 is arranged at the lower end of the top plate 1, a friction layer 3 is arranged at the lower end of the electrode 2, a cooperative layer 4 is arranged at the lower end of the friction layer 3, a copper coil 5 (made of copper wire, specific parameters can be referred to Table 1) is arranged at the lower end of the cooperative layer 4, a magnet 6 is arranged at the lower end of the copper coil 5, and a bottom plate 7 is arranged at the lower end of the magnet 6;

[0036] The cooperative layer 4 and the copper coil 5 are stators, and the top plate 1, the electrode 2, the friction layer 3, the magnet 6 and the bottom plate 7 are rotors (that is, they are connected to the same rigid shaft and are connected to the components for mechanical energy input through the rigid shaft, and bearings are installed at appropriate positions of the cooperative layer 4 and the copper coil 5 to reduce friction).

[0037] Specifically, the cooperative layer 4 and the copper coil 5 are fixedly connected to a shell (cylindrical shell in Table 1), and the top plate 1, the electrode 2, the friction layer 3, the magnet 6 and the bottom plate 7 are fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (rigid shaft in Table 1). The cooperative layer 4 is disc-shaped, and the cooperative layer 4 is equally divided into a plurality of sector-shaped surfaces.

[0038] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the number of copper coils 5 is four, and the four copper coils 5 are evenly distributed at the lower end of the cooperative layer 4. The copper coils 5 are the stator. The number of magnets 6 is four, and the four magnets 6 are evenly distributed at the upper end of the bottom plate 7. The magnets 6 are the rotor. The friction layer 3 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the friction layer 3 is the rotor.

[0039] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the top plate 1 is made of acrylic material, which has good strength, the cooperative layer 4 is made of Fe72B20Si8 material, which has the characteristics of low roughness and high hardness, and the bottom plate 7 is made of acrylic material. The bottom plate 7 can fix the magnet 6, that is, a cylindrical bracket is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 7, and then the magnet 6 is embedded in the cylindrical bracket and fixed by bonding (of course, in other embodiments, it can also be achieved by setting a mounting hole on the bottom plate 7). (Specific parameters are shown in Table 1)

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Table 1 Fabrication parameters of SE-TENG

[0043] The specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows: In order to achieve efficient energy collection, this scheme adopts a multifunctional amorphous alloy Fe72B20Si8 as the cooperative layer 4, which is integrated into the friction electromagnetic hybrid generator (SE-TEHG). The SE-TEHG is composed of an electrode 2, a friction layer 3, a cooperative layer 4, a copper coil 5 and a magnet 6. The cooperative layer 4 significantly enhances the output performance of the friction nanogenerator (TENG) and the electromagnetic generator (EMG) through its low roughness, high hardness, amorphous structure and high magnetization intensity characteristics. TENG uses amorphous alloys to improve charge transfer efficiency and reduce wear, while EMG benefits from the magnetic field concentration effect of the cooperative layer 4. In addition, this scheme also designs a self-powered variable impedance system to directly match different load requirements without the need for additional power management circuits, thereby greatly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0044] The present invention significantly improves the performance of the friction electromagnetic hybrid generator by introducing the multifunctional amorphous alloy Fe72B20Si8 as the synergistic layer 4. Compared with the prior art, the present invention greatly improves the output current and current retention rate of TENG, enhances the output power of EMG, achieves a high degree of coupling between TENG and EMG, and improves the overall energy conversion efficiency; at the same time, the designed self-powered variable impedance system does not require an external power management circuit to achieve efficient energy utilization, which is nearly 3 times that of the existing constant impedance system, thereby solving the problem of efficient energy collection and utilization.

[0045] The synergistic layer 4 material reduces the air breakdown phenomenon during the friction process and improves the triboelectric efficiency, thereby increasing the output current and retention rate of TENG.

[0046] The high magnetization intensity of the synergistic layer 4 effectively concentrates the magnetic field, reduces the divergence of the magnetic field, increases the magnetic flux of the EMG, and thus enhances the output power of the EMG. As an intermediate medium, the synergistic layer 4 not only enhances the performance of TENG and EMG separately, but also achieves a strong coupling between the two through its multifunctional characteristics. This greatly enhances the output performance of the generator and makes the output more stable.

[0047] To further illustrate the effect of the present invention, a self-powered system is also disclosed in this embodiment, which adds a variable impedance electronic component (a discharge tube DT is selected in this embodiment) as a load, and compares the energy utilization efficiency to illustrate the effect of the present invention. This solution can directly match different load requirements without the need for additional power management circuits.

[0048] Taking EMG or TENG as the control example, the DT cannot be effectively activated or maintained due to the mismatch of output characteristics (TENG has high voltage but insufficient current, and EMG has sufficient current but low voltage).

[0049] The energy efficiency test was carried out at a speed of 240 rpm. The energy efficiency of the conventional constant impedance (LED, i.e., the load is LED) was η = 28.46% (e.g. Fig. 9 As shown), the energy utilization efficiency of the present invention is η = 84.82% (as shown Fig.10 As shown, the load is the discharge tube DT).

[0050] The relevant calculation formula is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Among them, P i and P j Represent the average power of electronic components and the maximum output average power of energy harvester, U i and I i Represents the voltage and current of electronic components respectively. M It indicates that TENG and EMG have matching impedance (R M ) when working under the output current.

[0053] It can be seen from the above that the present invention can have a higher energy utilization efficiency when the load is a discharge tube DT.

[0054] The relevant description of the above test is as follows: In the above test, the power management circuit diagram (such as Fig.11As shown) can drive the LED (that is, it is a power management circuit for convenient testing. When the load is DT, no power management circuit is required and DT can be powered directly). The electrical characteristic measurement circuit diagram of the discharge tube DT (as shown Fig.12 As shown), the equivalent circuit diagram of the discharge tube DT (as shown Fig.13 shown).

[0055] Then, regarding the durability test of TENG, Al and Fe were selected 72 B 20 The durability test of TENG with Si8 as the synergistic layer 4 shows that the current of TENG increases by 28.75% (e.g. Figure 7 The test speed is 240rpm. Al and Fe 72 B 20 The peak power of EMG with Si8 as the synergistic layer 4 is compared. In comparison, the output power of EMG increases by 51.05%. The test speed is 240rpm (such as Figure 8 shown).

[0056] It should be noted in advance that, in the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy, comprising a top plate, characterized in that: The lower end of the top plate is provided with an electrode, the lower end of the electrode is provided with a friction layer, the lower end of the friction layer is provided with a coordination layer, the lower end of the coordination layer is provided with a copper coil, the lower end of the copper coil is provided with a magnet, and the lower end of the magnet is provided with a bottom plate; the coordination layer is made of Fe72B20Si8 material; The cooperative layer and copper coil are stators, and the top plate, electrodes, friction layer, magnets and bottom plate are rotors.

2. The mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the copper coils is four, and the four copper coils are evenly distributed at the lower end of the cooperative layer.

3. The mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the magnets is four, and the four magnets are evenly distributed on the upper end of the bottom plate.

4. The mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The friction layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

5. The mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top plate is made of acrylic material.

6. The mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooperative layer is in the shape of a disk, and the cooperative layer is equally divided into a number of sector-shaped surfaces, and the sector-shaped surfaces are made of Fe72B20Si8 material.

7. The mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on multifunctional amorphous alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom plate is made of acrylic material and is provided with a positioning hole for accommodating a magnet, and the magnet is fixed in the positioning hole.

8. A self-powered system, characterized in that: It comprises a load and a mutually enhanced friction electromagnetic hybrid generator based on a multifunctional amorphous alloy as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the load is a variable impedance electronic component, and the load is electrically connected to the electrode and the copper coil respectively.

9. The self-powered system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The load is a discharge tube DT or a UV-GDT.

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