Low-power-consumption single-chip microcomputer ultrasonic bird repelling method and device for intelligent power transmission line

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a low-power-consumption single-chip microcomputer ultrasonic bird repelling method and device for an intelligent power transmission line, and belongs to the technical field of bird repelling of power transmission lines. The bird repelling device is composed of a single-chip microcomputer control module, an infrared detection module, an ultrasonic module, a special audio module, a power amplification module and a power supply module of the device. The position information of birds is monitored through the infrared detection module, a sensor signal is received by the single-chip microcomputer control module, then ultrasonic waves with random frequency within 20-30 kHz are emitted by the ultrasonic module through power amplification, and meanwhile, the audio of natural enemies of the birds is played randomly. The natural enemy audio and the ultrasonic frequency are replaced according to the time and the bird repelling effect, so that the adaptability of birds to single audio and frequency is avoided, and the bird repelling effect is enhanced. The power supply module adopts a CT power taking technology and takes power on a power transmission line by using an electromagnetic induction technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line maintenance, and in particular to a low-power single-chip ultrasonic bird-repelling method and device for intelligent power transmission lines. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of domestic ecological environment and the enhancement of people's environmental awareness, the reproduction and living range of birds have increased significantly. However, the frequent activities of birds near power transmission lines have brought great impact on the electromagnetic environment of power transmission lines, seriously threatening the safe operation of the power grid.

[0003] Especially when large-bodied birds with long wingspans fly between transmission lines, they can easily cause phase-to-phase short circuits or single-phase grounding faults in the lines; and bird excrement can cause flashover accidents in transmission lines, and bird droppings can adhere to the insulation surface of transmission lines and cause line tripping in humid environments; some birds build nests on overhead transmission line towers, and during the nesting process, branches, wires, firewood and other nesting materials fall on live conductors or insulators, which can also cause line short circuits and grounding; birds peck at the protective covers and umbrella skirts of transmission lines or insulators, causing damage to the transmission lines and threatening the safe operation of overhead transmission lines.

[0004] As the construction of domestic power grids continues to advance, the scale of transmission lines is also growing rapidly. In order to repel birds from large-scale transmission lines, a large number of bird repellent equipment need to be added. Therefore, the bird repellent solution needs to meet the requirements of high bird repellent efficiency, low cost and low power consumption. Otherwise, it will be difficult to apply it on a large scale on existing transmission lines. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a low-power single-chip ultrasonic bird-repelling method and device for intelligent power transmission lines, which can achieve high-efficiency bird-repelling at low cost and power consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method comprising:

[0008] After the infrared detection module is triggered, a start signal is sent to the single-chip microcomputer module; wherein the infrared detection module is composed of a passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) for detecting the movement of birds within the detection range of the sensor.

[0009] The single-chip microcomputer module sends a square wave to the power amplifier module through a filtering circuit, and at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer module sends a start signal to the special audio module; wherein, the power amplifier module adopts a class AB power amplifier, taking into account the advantages of class A and class B amplifiers, and can achieve higher efficiency and keep signal distortion within an acceptable range.

[0010] The power amplified square wave is input into the ultrasonic module through the power amplification module, and the ultrasonic module outputs ultrasonic waves with randomly changing frequencies;

[0011] After receiving the start signal, the special audio module plays the sounds in the special audio library, which include: gunshots and calls of various carnivorous birds of prey. The infrared detection module detects whether birds appear in the target area; if so, the special audio module and I / O port are activated to drive away birds by looping gunshots or calls of carnivorous birds of prey and ultrasound; after several minutes, the infrared detection module detects whether there are still birds staying; if so, a special audio is changed and the ultrasonic frequency is randomly changed to drive away birds; after several minutes, the infrared detection module detects whether there are still birds staying; if not, the bird driving is terminated. The infrared detection module determines the switching of the output module of the bird-repelling method through the output signal control module; the single-chip microcomputer module uses the single-chip microcomputer to output random square waves, which are then processed by the power amplifier circuit to output ultrasonic waves; the ultrasonic module can achieve the effect of random frequency change after receiving the square wave emitted by the control module; at the same time, the special audio module plays various sounds in the special audio library, including gunshots and the calls of various carnivorous birds of prey; the power module is connected to the single-chip microcomputer module; wherein, the frequency change of the ultrasonic module adopts the ultrasonic random frequency method, that is, the timer inside the single-chip microcomputer is called to make the target randomly obtain any integer value between 1 and 16, and the initial value is calculated to determine the timing time. When the timer count overflows, an interrupt will be generated. By reloading the initial value, the timing cycle can be changed, and then the square wave frequency can be changed, and the bird-repelling effect can be enhanced by the ultrasonic wave with random frequency change. After the generated random frequency square wave is filtered by RC, the frequency that can be heard by the human ear is first filtered by the filter circuit, and then the ultrasonic wave is output after amplification by the power amplifier module.

[0012] The single-chip microcomputer module generates a square wave of random frequency according to preset frequency parameters through the programmed I / O port. Among them, the high-frequency signal is output to the power amplifier module to ensure its ultrasonic output. The square wave signal required for ultrasonic bird repellent is set to set ultrasonic waves of different frequencies to overcome the adaptability of different birds; at the same time, the special audio module is connected to output signals simultaneously with the ultrasonic wave to drive away the birds; the bird repellent method is equipped with an infrared sensor, and the single-chip microcomputer can monitor the signal output by the sensor. When it detects that a bird is approaching, the I / O port is started to generate a square wave, and when there is no bird approaching, the I / O port is closed to stop generating square waves, saving power consumption. The state monitoring of the bird repellent can be realized through the single-chip microcomputer, including power output status, ultrasonic frequency, working status, etc. It has high anti-static (ESD protection) and super anti-interference ability.

[0013] The infrared detection module adopts a PIR sensor, which detects the difference between the infrared radiation of birds entering the detection range of the sensor and the infrared background of the environment. When the difference is greater than a preset degree, a start signal is sent to the single-chip microcomputer module. Among them, the infrared detection module is composed of a passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) for detecting the movement of birds within the detection range of the sensor. When birds enter the detection range of the sensor, their infrared radiation forms a difference with the infrared background of the environment. The PIR sensor converts the detected infrared signal into an electrical signal, and outputs a pulse signal to be transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer module through a signal amplification and processing circuit. Once a bird is detected, the ultrasonic bird repeller will emit an ultrasonic wave within a set time to achieve a repelling effect; when no birds are approaching, the bird repeller remains in standby mode to reduce energy consumption.

[0014] The single-chip microcomputer module generates a square wave of random frequency according to preset frequency parameters through a programmed controlled I / O port, including: the random frequency varies from 20kHz to 30kHz, and a square wave signal is output through a timer interrupt; each time an interrupt occurs, the level of the output pin is flipped, and the period of the timer is updated according to the random number generated by a linear congruential generator (LCG).

[0015] The timer interrupt outputs a square wave signal, including: defining a square wave output pin and initializing a random number seed; using a linear congruential generator to generate a random number and returning the generated value; and at the same time, initializing the timer and configuring timer 0 to mode 1. Each time an interrupt occurs, the output pin level is flipped to generate a square wave.

[0016] The linear congruential generator generates a random number, including: a square wave signal with a random frequency change generated by the ultrasonic module, by calling the linear congruential generator (LCG) algorithm and the timer interrupt program inside the single-chip microcomputer, and controlling the frequency of the output square wave signal by changing the reload value of the timer. The formula of the linear congruential generator (LCG) algorithm is as follows: n+1 =(aX n +c)mod m, where: X n is the current random number, a is the multiplier (usually a large number), c is the increment, m is the modulus (usually a large number to ensure randomness), and the initial value X 0 is the seed value. Using the random number generated by LCG, it can be mapped to the desired frequency (between 20kHz and 30kHz) with random changes through simple mathematical transformation. Then the timer interrupt is used to control the output of the square wave. Each time an interrupt occurs, the level of the output pin is flipped, and the timer period is updated according to the random number generated by LCG to generate a square wave with a random frequency.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device, comprising:

[0018] The single chip microcomputer module, infrared detection module, ultrasonic module and special audio module connected to the CT power supply device; the power supply module adopts CT power supply technology, which is based on the electromagnetic induction principle of the current transformer. The current transformer installed on the power line captures the energy of the AC current and converts it into a low-voltage small current. After processing by circuits such as rectification and voltage regulation, the electric energy is stored to provide uninterrupted and stable power output for the bird-repelling method. It has the characteristics of low cost, small size, long life, safety and reliability. This type of online power supply method does not require manual power replacement, saves manpower, material resources and financial resources, and has no loss to the line.

[0019] The infrared detection module is used to send a start signal to the single-chip microcomputer module after being triggered;

[0020] The single-chip microcomputer module is used to send a square wave to the power amplifier module through the filter circuit, and at the same time, send a start signal to the special audio module;

[0021] The square wave after power amplification is input into the ultrasonic module, and the ultrasonic module is used to output ultrasonic waves with randomly changing frequencies;

[0022] The special audio module is used to play the sounds in the special audio library after receiving the start signal. The sounds in the special audio library include: gunshots and calls of various carnivorous birds of prey.

[0023] The single-chip microcomputer module uses an eight-bit microcontroller STC89C52RC as a main control unit; the filter circuit is a high-pass filter that filters out square wave signals above 20kHz, and a class AB power amplifier is connected in series between the filter circuit and the ultrasonic module.

[0024] The low-power single-chip ultrasonic bird-repelling method and device for intelligent power transmission lines provided in the embodiment of the present invention monitors the bird position information through the infrared detection module, and the single-chip module receives the sensor signal, and then the ultrasonic module emits ultrasonic waves with random frequencies within 20 to 30 kHz through power amplification, and randomly plays the audio of the bird's natural enemy at the same time. And according to the time and the bird-repelling effect, the natural enemy audio and ultrasonic frequency are changed to avoid the adaptability of birds to a single audio and frequency, so as to enhance the bird-repelling effect. The CT power supply device adopts CT power supply technology and uses electromagnetic induction technology to draw power on the transmission line. Thereby achieving high-efficiency bird repelling at a lower cost and power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a bird repellent device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the operation flow of the bird-repelling method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless specifically stated, the singular forms "one", "one", "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "including" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or their groups. It should be understood that when we say that an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or there may also be intermediate elements. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used here may include wireless connection or coupling. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, an intelligent power transmission line ultrasonic bird repellent device based on a single-chip microcomputer is mainly composed of a single-chip microcomputer module, an infrared detection module, an ultrasonic module, a special audio module, a power amplifier module and a CT power supply device.

[0030] The low-power, high-performance 8-bit microcontroller STC89C52RC is used as the main control unit. It is an enhanced 8051-type single-chip computer. 6 clocks / machine cycles and 12 clocks / machine cycles can be selected arbitrarily. Its instruction code is fully compatible with the traditional 8051, but the speed is twice as fast. There are three 16-bit timers / counters in total, with 8K Flash storage, 512 bytes of RAM integrated on the chip, ISP (in-programmable) / IAP (in-application programmable), no special programmer or special emulator is required, and user programs can be directly downloaded through the serial port (RxD / P3.0, TxD / P3.1).

[0031] The output signal of the single-chip control module is a square wave with a random frequency generated by the I / O port controlled by programming, and outputs a high-frequency signal to the power amplifier module to ensure that it outputs ultrasonic waves at 20 to 30 kHz. Among them, the electrical signal of the ultrasonic module in this embodiment is a square wave, and the frequency of the square wave output by the single-chip module is random within 20 to 30 kHz, which can effectively prevent birds from adapting to fixed-frequency ultrasonic waves, thereby enhancing the bird-repelling effect of the bird-repelling device. Figure 1 The single-chip microcomputer module is implemented by using the STC89C52RC single-chip microcomputer, and outputs a square wave signal with randomly changing frequency through the linear congruential generator (LCG) algorithm and timer interrupt program inside the single-chip microcomputer.

[0032] A square wave signal with a random frequency is generated on the microcontroller module by running the corresponding code. The frequency ranges from 20kHz to 30kHz, and the square wave signal is output through the timer interrupt. Each time an interrupt occurs, the level of the output pin can be flipped, and the period of the timer can be updated according to the random number generated by the linear congruential generator (LCG) to generate a square wave with a random frequency.

[0033] Specifically, the execution process of the LCG algorithm and timer interrupt program includes: defining the square wave output pin; initial random number seed; using the linear congruential generator to generate a random number through the LCG_random algorithm and return the generated value; initializing the timer, configuring timer 0 to mode 1, allowing interrupts and starting the timer; interrupt service program: each time an interrupt occurs, flip the output pin level to generate a square wave; then call the LCG algorithm to generate a new random number and map it to a frequency value between 20kHz and 30kHz. Reload the initial value of the timer according to the frequency value to achieve the change of random frequency; calculate the timer reload value according to the random frequency.

[0034] The specific code is as follows:

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Among them, LCG_random function: uses the linear congruential generator algorithm to generate a random number and returns the generated value. Timer0_Init function: configures timer 0 to mode 1, enables interrupts and starts the timer. Timer0_ISR interrupt service routine: each time an interrupt occurs, flips the output pin level to generate a square wave; then calls the LCG algorithm to generate a new random number and maps it to a frequency value between 20kHz and 30kHz. Reload the initial value of the timer according to the frequency value to achieve random frequency changes. Other tasks can be performed in the main loop, and the timer interrupt will automatically handle the output of the square wave signal. Specifically, the ultrasonic module generates a square wave signal with random frequency changes by calling the linear congruential generator (LCG) algorithm and the timer interrupt program inside the microcontroller, and controlling the frequency of the output square wave signal by changing the reload value of the timer. The formula of the linear congruential generator (LCG) algorithm is as follows: X n+1 =(aX n +c)mod m, where: X n is the current random number, a is the multiplier (usually a large number), c is the increment, m is the modulus (usually a large number to ensure randomness), and the initial value X 0 is the seed value. Using the random number generated by LCG, it can be mapped to the desired frequency (between 20kHz and 30kHz) with random changes through simple mathematical transformation. Then the timer interrupt is used to control the output of the square wave. Each time an interrupt occurs, the level of the output pin is flipped, and the timer period is updated according to the random number generated by LCG to generate a square wave with a random frequency.

[0039] In this embodiment, a high-pass filter is used in the filter circuit to allow only high-frequency (such as ultrasonic waves above 20kHz) signals to pass through, eliminate low-frequency noise, and remove DC components to ensure the purity of the ultrasonic waves.

[0040] The power amplifier module uses an operational amplifier to increase the amplitude of the filtered signal, and uses a class AB power amplifier to further amplify the power of the signal, drive the ultrasonic transducer, and generate a sufficiently strong ultrasonic signal for bird repelling.

[0041] The power module adopts CT power supply technology (current transformer power supply technology), which is based on the working principle of current transformer (CT). It is a method of extracting energy from high-voltage power lines or current loops to power low-voltage electronic equipment. CT power supply technology captures the energy of AC current by inducing current on high-voltage lines through current transformers installed on power lines. The current transformer converts the induced high current into a low current signal, and then converts the small AC current into DC through a rectifier circuit, and provides a stable power output through a voltage stabilization circuit. The converted electrical energy can be stored in energy storage capacitors or batteries to provide uninterrupted power supply for the bird repellent device.

[0042] The audio library of the special audio module contains gunshots and the calls of various carnivorous birds of prey to avoid the sound being too monotonous, and birds will quickly adapt to it. Therefore, playing multiple sounds in a loop can provide more abundant information to warn birds and achieve better repellent effects.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 , detect whether there are birds in the target area according to the infrared detection module; if so, start the special audio module and ultrasonic module to drive away the birds by looping the sound of gunfire or the call of carnivorous birds of prey and ultrasonic waves; after several minutes, the infrared detection module detects whether there are still birds staying; if so, switch to a special audio and randomly change the ultrasonic frequency to drive away the birds; after several minutes, the infrared detection module detects whether there are still birds staying; if not, end the bird driving and enter the standby state to reduce energy consumption.

[0044] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The above is only a specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-power single-chip ultrasonic bird-repelling method for intelligent power transmission lines, characterized in that: include: After the infrared detection module is triggered, it sends a start signal to the microcontroller module; The single-chip microcomputer module sends a square wave to the power amplifier module through the filter circuit, and at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer module sends a start signal to the special audio module; The power amplified square wave is input into the ultrasonic module through the power amplification module, and the ultrasonic module outputs ultrasonic waves with randomly changing frequencies; After receiving the start signal, the special audio module plays the sounds in the special audio library, and the sounds in the special audio library include: gunshots and calls of various carnivorous birds of prey.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The single chip microcomputer module generates a square wave of random frequency according to preset frequency parameters through a programmed controlled I / O port.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The infrared detection module adopts a PIR sensor, which detects the difference between the infrared radiation of birds entering the detection range of the sensor and the infrared background of the environment. When the difference is greater than a preset degree, a start signal is sent to the single-chip microcomputer module.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The single-chip microcomputer module generates a square wave of random frequency according to preset frequency parameters through a programmed controlled I / O port, including: The random frequency ranges from 20kHz to 30kHz, and outputs a square wave signal through a timer interrupt; Each time an interrupt occurs, the level of the output pin is toggled and the period of the timer is updated based on a random number generated by a linear congruential generator (LCG).

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The over-timer interrupt outputs a square wave signal, comprising: Define the square wave output pin and initialize the random number seed; Generate a random number using a linear congruential generator and return the generated value; at the same time, initialize the timer and configure timer 0 to mode 1; Each time an interrupt occurs, the output pin level is flipped to generate a square wave.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The linear congruential generator generates a random number, comprising: X n+1 =(aX n +c)mod m,X n is the current random number, a is the multiplier, c is the increment, m is the modulus, and the initial value X0 is the random number seed value.

7. A low-power single-chip ultrasonic bird-repellent device for intelligent power transmission lines, characterized in that: include: Single chip microcomputer module, infrared detection module, ultrasonic module and special audio module and power supply module of CT power taking device connected with them; The infrared detection module is used to send a start signal to the single-chip microcomputer module after being triggered; The single-chip microcomputer module is used to send a square wave to the power amplifier module through the filter circuit, and at the same time, send a start signal to the special audio module; The square wave after power amplification is input into the ultrasonic module, and the ultrasonic module is used to output ultrasonic waves with randomly changing frequencies; The special audio module is used to play the sounds in the special audio library after receiving the start signal. The sounds in the special audio library include: gunshots and calls of various carnivorous birds of prey.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The single-chip microcomputer module uses an eight-bit microcontroller STC89C52RC as the main control unit; The filter circuit is a high-pass filter that filters out square wave signals above 20kHz, and a class AB power amplifier is connected in series between the filter circuit and the ultrasonic module.

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