A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component. A cross slide is installed at the front half of the upper end of the base. A single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure is installed on the cross slide. A spindle box is installed at the rear side of the upper end of the base. An electromagnetic chuck is arranged on the front side of the spindle box, and the main shaft of the spindle box is fixed to the electromagnetic chuck. A center positioning mechanism is installed on the front side of the spindle box by screws. Three supporting structures for workpiece positioning are movably installed on the center positioning mechanism. A pressing mechanism for pressing the workpiece is installed between the two left and right supporting structures. By providing two floating reset parts and a lower supporting part, a circular structure is formed among the three. Moreover, the distance between the two reset parts can be expanded away from each other, thereby facilitating the rapid installation and disassembly of the workpiece. After installation, the workpiece can also be ensured to be at the center of the electromagnetic chuck, improving the convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polishing machine tools, and in particular to a high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component. Background Art

[0002] The inner ring of the bearing ring needs to be polished during production and processing, which is usually done with a superfinishing machine. When the existing superfinishing machine is working, the workpiece is generally adsorbed and fixed on the electromagnetic chuck of the spindle, and then the workpiece is driven to rotate by the spindle, and the oilstone is inserted into the inner wall of the bearing ring to polish and grind it.

[0003] In order to ensure that the oilstone can fully polish the inner wall of the bearing ring, it is necessary to ensure that the axis of the bearing ring is in line with the axis of the main shaft. In order to ensure the accuracy of the bearing ring when clamping, a ring with the same outer diameter as the bearing ring is usually set on the front side of the electromagnetic chuck. The bearing ring is inserted into the ring and supported by the support structure below. In order to ensure its radial limit, a roller is usually installed so that the roller contacts the surface of the workpiece to prevent its radial runout. When installing and disassembling the workpiece, it is necessary to frequently disassemble and assemble the support structure and the roller, which makes the operation more complicated. When fixing workpieces of different sizes, multiple rings of different sizes need to be replaced. When installing, it needs to be inserted from front to back, so that the workpiece is inserted into the ring and the support structure. The entire device structure is relatively compact, and when the length of the workpiece is large, there may not be enough space for horizontal insertion and installation of the workpiece. To this end, we designed a high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillation super-finishing machine with a positioning component. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component, which solves the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillation super-finishing machine with a positioning assembly comprises a base, a cross slide is installed on the front half of the upper end of the base, a single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure is installed on the cross slide, a mounting frame is installed on the end of the single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure, a clamping frame is installed on the mounting frame for forward and backward sliding, a pressurized compensation cylinder is installed on the mounting frame, a clamping head is installed on the push rod of the pressurized compensation cylinder, an oil stone is clamped between the clamping head and the clamping frame, and the right end of the oil stone passes through the clamping frame and is located at the right end thereof;

[0007] A spindle box is installed at the rear side of the upper end of the base. An electromagnetic chuck is arranged on the front side of the spindle box, and the spindle of the spindle box is fixed to the electromagnetic chuck. A center positioning mechanism is installed on the front side of the spindle box by screws. The axis of the electromagnetic chuck, the axis of the spindle, and the axis of the center positioning mechanism are collinear. Three supporting structures for workpiece positioning are movably installed on the center positioning mechanism, and a pressing mechanism for pressing the workpiece is installed between the left and right supporting structures.

[0008] The center positioning mechanism includes a fixed chassis fixed to the front side of the spindle box. A fixed cover plate is installed on the front side of the fixed chassis. Three moving housing covers are arranged on the fixed cover plate. A moving block is movably installed inside the moving housing cover. A guiding cover is fixed to the front side of the moving block. The left and right supporting structures include a reset member. The pressing mechanism includes two limiting sleeves respectively fixed on the left and right guiding covers. A limiting pull rod is slidably sleeved in the front and rear directions inside the limiting sleeve. One end of the two limiting pull rods away from the reset member is slidably sleeved with a fixed sleeve. A pulling rod is welded on the fixed sleeve. An intermediate rod is slidably connected between the two pulling rods. A pressing roller is rotatably installed on the pulling rod through a shaft pin.

[0009] Preferably, an annular groove is formed in the fixed chassis, and three linear notches are formed in the outer circle of the fixed chassis. One of the linear notches is directly below the fixed chassis, and the other two linear notches are at the left and right ends of the fixed chassis. The two side linear notches are symmetrically arranged with respect to the bottom linear notch. The included angle α between the two side linear notches and the bottom linear notch is greater than 100 degrees and less than 110 degrees. The intersection point of the center lines of the three linear notches is on the axis of the spindle.

[0010] The three moving housing covers are respectively in front of the three linear notches. An installation notch is formed in the front side part of the fixed cover plate where the linear notch is located. The linear notch is connected to the inside of the moving housing cover through the installation notch. The rear end of the moving block extends into the linear notch. The width of the moving block is the same as the width of the installation notch and the linear notch. The moving block can perform linear movement in the installation notch, the moving housing cover, and the linear notch.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating disk is rotatably installed in the annular groove. A spiral part is arranged on the front side surface of the rotating disk. A plurality of linearly distributed moving parts are arranged on the rear side surface of the moving block. The moving part is connected to the spiral part. When the spiral part rotates along with the rotating disk, the spiral part can make the moving part drive the moving block to move away from or close to the electromagnetic chuck. The three moving blocks can move synchronously, and the center of the circular structure formed by them always coincides with the axes of the spindle and the electromagnetic chuck.

[0012] Preferably, a meshing notch is formed at the top of the fixed chassis after shaving, a plurality of driving tooth grooves are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating disc, a driving motor is installed at the upper end of the main spindle box, a driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the driving tooth grooves through the meshing notch;

[0013] The front surface of the fixed cover plate is behind the front surface of the electromagnetic chuck, and the fixed cover plate will not interfere with the front side of the electromagnetic chuck. When installing and disassembling the workpiece, the workpiece can directly move up and down or down and up along the surface of the electromagnetic chuck, and will not contact the fixed cover plate and cause collision.

[0014] Preferably, the two reset members are respectively slidably installed in two guide covers on the left and right sides. A lower support member is fixed in the lowermost guide cover. Support wheels are rotatably installed on the reset members and the lower support member through pins. A circular structure is formed among the three support wheels, and the center of this circular structure is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck. The left and right support wheels move linearly along the center lines of the left and right linear notches, and these two support wheels are above the central axis of the workpiece.

[0015] Preferably, the reset member includes a reset block slidably sleeved in the guide cover. A limit cover is fixed on the front side of the reset block. The support wheel is rotatably installed on the reset block through a pin. A limit sliding hole is formed in the reset block. A limit block is slidably placed in the limit sliding hole. The limit block is fixed to the moving block. A reset spring is placed in the limit sliding hole. The two ends of the reset spring respectively abut against the limit block and one end of the limit sliding hole close to the support wheel;

[0016] The structure of the lower support member is the same as that of the reset block. Relative to the reset block, the lower support member is directly fixed on the moving block and cannot perform corresponding sliding. And when the two reset blocks on the left and right move inwards to the maximum extent, the center of the circular structure formed by the three support wheels on the two reset blocks and the lower support member is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck.

[0017] Preferably, the front surfaces of the left and right moving housing covers are lengthened, and a strip-shaped moving sliding hole is formed in the front surface of the moving housing cover. A communication port is formed in the front surface of the guide cover. The communication port extends rearward through the limit cover to form a limit hole. The limit hole and the communication port coincide with the moving sliding hole. When the reset member moves inwards to reset, the tail end of the limit pull rod slides in contact with the surface of the reset member. When the reset member moves to a certain position, the limit pull rod is inserted into the limit hole. At this time, the three support wheels form a complete circular structure.

[0018] Preferably, the two limiting sleeves pass through the moving sliding holes and are located outside the moving housing, and the limiting sleeves are slidably connected to the moving housing. The rear end of the limiting pull rod passes through the communication port and is inserted into the limiting hole. A limiting ring is arranged on the part of the limiting pull rod inside the limiting sleeve cavity. A fixing ring is fixed inside the limiting sleeve. The limiting pull rod is slidably sleeved inside the fixing ring, and a limiting spring is sleeved on the limiting pull rod. The two ends of the limiting spring abut against the limiting ring and the fixing ring;

[0019] The whole limiting sleeve is fixed above the guiding cover of the moving block and can move together with the moving block, thus ensuring that the limiting pull rod can always be inserted into the limiting hole. When the limiting pull rod is inserted into the limiting hole, the reset part is fixed at this time, and the center of the circular structure formed by the three supporting wheels is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck;

[0020] The fixing sleeve can be slidably adjusted on the limiting pull rod, so as to be applicable to workpieces of various different heights, and the fixing sleeve and the limiting pull rod are fixed by screws.

[0021] Preferably, a circular groove is formed in the penetrating setting of the limiting pull rod. A limiting column is slidably inserted into the circular groove. A top-out spring abuts between the limiting column and the inner end of the circular groove. An opening is formed in the outer ring of the limiting sleeve. The limiting column passes through the opening and is located outside the limiting sleeve. When the limiting column is inserted into the opening, it can limit the limiting pull rod and make it not easy to move, improving the safety. Pressing the limiting column inward can make the limiting pull rod be pulled.

[0022] Preferably, two groups of symmetrically distributed elongated grooves are formed on the middle rod. A connecting pin is fixed on one side of the pulling rod close to the middle rod. The connecting pin is slidably placed in the elongated groove. The pulling rod and the middle rod can move relative to each other through the connecting pin. When the moving block moves outward or inward, the pulling rod can move relatively, which is applicable to workpieces of various different sizes;

[0023] The center lines of the left and right ends of the two pulling rods and the middle rod are respectively linearly coincident with the center lines of the right two linear notches.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] 1. By installing a center positioning mechanism on the front side of the main spindle box, and a plurality of synchronously moving moving blocks are arranged on the center positioning mechanism, and each moving block is provided with a supporting wheel, the center of the circular structure formed by the three completely fixed supporting wheels is always collinear with the axes of the main spindle and the electromagnetic chuck, so as to ensure that the workpiece is at the center of the electromagnetic chuck and ensure the machining accuracy;

[0026] 2. By setting two floating reset components and a lower support component, a circular structure is formed among the three. The distance between the two reset components can be expanded away from each other, so that the workpiece can be directly clamped from top to bottom, facilitating the quick installation and disassembly of the workpiece. After installation, the workpiece can also be ensured to be at the center of the electromagnetic chuck, improving the convenience.

[0027] 3. By setting a pressing mechanism on the two reset components, the pressing mechanism can expand and lengthen following the movement block, being applicable to workpieces of various different sizes. And the pressing mechanism can limit the position of the reset components to ensure that the workpiece is at the center of the electromagnetic chuck. Similarly, the pressing mechanism can limit the position of the front end of the workpiece to make it fit on the surface of the electromagnetic chuck, and can also prevent the workpiece from flying out due to the failure of the electromagnetic chuck, improving the safety. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is the main view sectional schematic diagram of a high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the isometric view of the left and right second-angle axonometric;

[0030] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 the front view of

[0031] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure in

[0032] Figure 5 It is Figure 1 the exploded view of the central positioning mechanism, the support structure and the pressing mechanism in

[0033] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 the structural schematic diagram of the support structure and the fixed cover plate in

[0034] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 the isometric view of the front and back second-angle axonometric of

[0035] Figure 8 It is Figure 6 the exploded view of the support structure in

[0036] Figure 9 It is the partial sectional view of the central positioning mechanism, the support structure and the pressing mechanism;

[0037] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 the partial enlarged view of the pressing mechanism in

[0038] Figure 11Position distribution diagram of the central positioning mechanism, the support structure and the pressing mechanism.

[0039] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, base; 2, cross slide; 3, single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure; 31, mounting frame; 4, pressure compensation cylinder; 41, oilstone; 42, clamping frame; 43, clamping head; 5, spindle box; 6, electromagnetic chuck; 7, central positioning mechanism; 71, fixed chassis; 711, linear notch; 72, rotating disk; 721, spiral part; 722, drive tooth groove; 73, fixed cover plate; 74, moving housing; 741, moving slide hole; 75, moving block; 751, moving part; 752, guide cover; 753, communication port; 76, drive gear; 8, support structure; 81, reset part; 811, reset block; 812, limit slide hole; 813, reset spring; 814, limit block; 815, limit cover; 816, limit hole; 82, support wheel; 83, lower support part; 9, pressing mechanism; 91, pulling rod; 911, connecting pin; 912, fixed sleeve; 92, intermediate rod; 921, elongated groove; 93, pressing roller; 94, limit pull rod; 941, limit ring; 942, fixed ring; 943, limit column; 95, limit sleeve; 96, limit spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 - Figure 11 , a high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillation superfinishing machine with a positioning component, including a base 1. A cross slide 2 is installed at the front half of the upper end of the base 1. A single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure 3 is installed on the cross slide 2. An end of the single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure 3 is installed with a mounting frame 31. A clamping frame 42 is slidably installed on the mounting frame 31 in the front and rear directions. A pressure compensation cylinder 4 is installed on the mounting frame 31. A clamping head 43 is installed on the push rod of the pressure compensation cylinder 4. An oilstone 41 is clamped between the clamping head 43 and the clamping frame 42, and the right end of the oilstone 41 passes through the clamping frame 42 and is at its right end;

[0042] A spindle box 5 is installed at the rear side of the upper end of the base 1. An electromagnetic chuck 6 is arranged on the front side of the spindle box 5, and the spindle of the spindle box 5 is fixed to the electromagnetic chuck 6. A central positioning mechanism 7 is installed on the front side of the spindle box 5 by screws. The axis of the electromagnetic chuck 6, the axis of the spindle, and the axis of the central positioning mechanism 7 are collinear. Three support structures 8 for workpiece positioning are movably installed on the central positioning mechanism 7. The three support structures 8 are arranged in a circular array on the central positioning mechanism 7. A pressing mechanism 9 for pressing the workpiece is installed between the left and right support structures 8;

[0043] The central positioning mechanism 7 includes a fixed chassis 71 fixed to the front side of the spindle box 5. A fixed cover plate 73 is installed on the front side of the fixed chassis 71. Three moving housing 74 are provided on the fixed cover plate 73. A moving block 75 is movably installed inside the moving housing 74. A guiding housing 752 is fixed to the front side of the moving block 75. The left and right support structures 8 include a reset member 81. The pressing mechanism 9 includes two limiting sleeves 95 respectively fixed on the two guiding housings 752 on the left and right. A limiting pull rod 94 is slidably sleeved in the inner cavity of the limiting sleeve 95 in the front and rear directions. One end of the two limiting pull rods 94 away from the reset member 81 is slidably sleeved with a fixed sleeve 912. A pulling rod 91 is welded on the fixed sleeve 912. An intermediate rod 92 is slidably connected between the two pulling rods 91. A pressing roller 93 is rotatably installed on the pulling rod 91 through a pin.

[0044] An annular groove is formed on the fixed chassis 71. Three linear notches 711 are formed in an annular array on the outer circle of the fixed chassis 71. One of the linear notches 711 is directly below the fixed chassis 71. The other two linear notches 711 are at the left and right ends of the fixed chassis 71. And the two side linear notches 711 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the bottom linear notch 711. The included angle α between the two side linear notches 711 and the bottom linear notch 711 is greater than 100 degrees and less than 110 degrees. The intersection point of the center lines of the three linear notches 711 is on the axis of the main shaft;

[0045] The three moving housings 74 are respectively in front of the three linear notches 711. And an installation notch is formed in the part of the fixed cover plate 73 located in front of the linear notch 711. The linear notch 711 is communicated with the inside of the moving housing 74 through the installation notch. The rear end of the moving block 75 extends into the linear notch 711. The width of the moving block 75 is the same as the width of the installation notch and the linear notch 711. The moving block 75 can perform linear movement in the installation notch, the moving housing 74 and the linear notch 711.

[0046] A rotating disk 72 is rotatably installed in the annular groove. A spiral part 721 is provided on the front surface of the rotating disk 72. A plurality of linearly distributed moving parts 751 are provided on the rear surface of the moving block 75. The moving part 751 is connected with the spiral part 721. When the spiral part 721 rotates along with the rotating disk 72, the spiral part 721 can make the moving part 751 drive the moving block 75 to move away from or close to the electromagnetic chuck 6. The three moving blocks 75 can move synchronously, and the center of the circular structure formed by them is always collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck 6.

[0047] At the top of the fixed chassis 71, a meshing notch is formed by cutting away part of it. On the outer circumferential surface of the rotating disk 72, a plurality of driving tooth grooves 722 are arranged in a circumferential array. At the upper end of the main spindle box 5, a driving motor is installed. On the output shaft of the driving motor, a driving gear 76 is installed. The driving gear 76 is meshed with the driving tooth grooves 722 through the meshing notch. The driving motor can make the rotating disk 72 rotate through the driving gear 76. When the rotating disk 72 rotates forward, the three moving blocks 75 can approach each other, and the size of the circular structure formed by them decreases. When the rotating disk 72 rotates in the reverse direction, the three moving blocks 75 can move away from each other, and the size of the circular structure formed by them increases, which is applicable to the positioning of shaft sleeve workpieces of various different sizes;

[0048] The front surface of the fixed cover plate 73 is behind the front surface of the electromagnetic chuck 6. The fixed cover plate 73 will not interfere with the front side of the electromagnetic chuck 6. When installing and disassembling the workpiece, the workpiece can directly move up and down or down and up along the surface of the electromagnetic chuck 6, and will not contact the fixed cover plate 73 and cause collision.

[0049] Two resetting members 81 are respectively slidably installed in the two guiding covers 752 on the left and right sides. A lower supporting member 83 is fixed in the lowermost guiding cover 752. Supporting wheels 82 are rotatably installed on the resetting members 81 and the lower supporting member 83 through pin shafts. A circular structure is formed among the three supporting wheels 82, and the center of this circular structure is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck 6;

[0050] The left and right two supporting wheels 82 move linearly along the center lines of the left and right two linear notches 711, and these two supporting wheels 82 are above the central axis of the workpiece. When all three supporting wheels 82 are fixed, the workpiece can be stably positioned and cannot shake.

[0051] The resetting member 81 includes a resetting block 811 slidably sleeved in the guiding cover 752. A limiting cover 815 is fixed on the front side of the resetting block 811. The supporting wheel 82 is rotatably installed on the resetting block 811 through a pin shaft. A limiting sliding hole 812 is formed in the resetting block 811. A limiting block 814 is slidably placed in the limiting sliding hole 812. The limiting block 814 is fixed to the moving block 75. A resetting spring 813 is placed in the limiting sliding hole 812. The two ends of the resetting spring 813 respectively abut against the limiting block 814 and one end of the limiting sliding hole 812 close to the supporting wheel 82;

[0052] The structure of the lower supporting member 83 is the same as that of the resetting block 811. Relative to the resetting block 811, the lower supporting member 83 is directly fixed to the moving block 75 and cannot perform corresponding sliding. And when the two resetting blocks 811 on the left and right move inward to the maximum extent, the center of the circular structure formed by the three supporting wheels 82 on the two resetting blocks 811 and the lower supporting member 83 is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck 6;

[0053] The return spring 813 exerts a squeezing force on the return block 811, causing it to always have a tendency to move along the center line of the linear notch 711. Moreover, the return block 811 can also slide correspondingly within the guide cover 752, thereby being able to change the distance between the left and right support wheels 82. This facilitates the workpiece to be directly clamped between the three support wheels 82 from top to bottom. After the workpiece is placed, the left and right support wheels 82 will move towards the axis of the electromagnetic chuck 6 under the action of the return spring 813, thereby pushing the workpiece to make the axis of the workpiece collinear with the axes of the electromagnetic chuck 6 and the main shaft.

[0054] The front side surfaces of the left and right moving housing covers 74 are lengthened, and a strip-shaped moving slide hole 741 is provided on the front side surface of the moving housing cover 74. A communication port 753 is provided on the front side surface of the guide cover 752. The communication port 753 extends backward through the limit cover 815 to form a limit hole 816. Both the limit hole 816 and the communication port 753 coincide with the moving slide hole 741.

[0055] When the reset member 81 moves inwards for reset, the tail end of the limit pull rod 94 slides in contact with the surface of the reset member 81. When the reset member 81 moves to a certain position, the limit pull rod 94 is inserted into the limit hole 816. At this time, the three support wheels 82 form a complete circular structure.

[0056] Two limit sleeves 95 pass through the moving slide hole 741 and are placed outside the moving housing cover 74, and the limit sleeves 95 are slidably connected to the moving housing cover 74. The rear end of the limit pull rod 94 passes through the communication port 753 and is inserted into the limit hole 816. A limit ring 941 is provided on the part of the limit pull rod 94 located inside the limit sleeve 95. A fixing ring 942 is fixed inside the limit sleeve 95. The limit pull rod 94 is slidably inserted into the fixing ring 942. A limit spring 96 is sleeved on the limit pull rod 94, and both ends of the limit spring 96 abut against the limit ring 941 and the fixing ring 942.

[0057] The entire limit sleeve 95 is fixed above the guide cover 752 of the moving block 75, and it can move together with the moving block 75, thereby ensuring that the limit pull rod 94 can always be inserted into the limit hole 816. When the limit pull rod 94 is inserted into the limit hole 816, the reset member 81 is fixed at this time, and the center of the circular structure formed by the three support wheels 82 is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck 6.

[0058] The fixing sleeve 912 can slide and adjust on the limit pull rod 94, so as to be applicable to workpieces of various different heights, and the fixing sleeve 912 and the limit pull rod 94 are fixed by screws.

[0059] The through - setting of the limit pull rod 94 forms a circular groove. A limit post 943 is slidably inserted into the circular groove, and a top - out spring is abutted between the inner end of the limit post 943 and the circular groove. An opening is provided on the outer circumference of the limit sleeve 95. The limit post 943 passes through the opening and is placed outside the limit sleeve 95. Inserting the limit post 943 into the opening can limit the limit pull rod 94 and make it not easy to move, improving safety. Pressing the limit post 943 inward can make the limit pull rod 94 be pulled.

[0060] Two sets of symmetrically distributed elongated slots 921 are provided on the intermediate rod 92. A connecting pin 911 is fixed on the side of the pull rod 91 close to the intermediate rod 92. The connecting pin 911 is slidably placed in the elongated slot 921. The pull rod 91 and the intermediate rod 92 can move relative to each other through the connecting pin 911. When the moving block 75 moves outward or inward, the pull rod 91 can move relatively, which is applicable to workpieces of various different sizes.

[0061] The center lines of the two pull rods 91 and the left and right ends of the intermediate rod 92 are respectively linearly coincident with the center lines of the two right - hand linear notches 711.

[0062] Working principle: In actual use, first adjust the positions of the three support wheels 82 according to the actual size of the workpiece, so as to ensure that the support wheels 82 can clamp the workpiece, and the axis of the workpiece is collinear with the axis of the electromagnetic chuck 6.

[0063] Specifically, connect the power supply of the drive motor and make the drive motor drive the rotating disk 72 to rotate in the reverse direction through the drive gear 76. When the rotating disk 72 rotates in the reverse direction, the three moving blocks 75 will move away from each other, and the size of the circular structure they form increases. The pull rods 91 connected to the left and right moving blocks 75 will move outward accordingly.

[0064] Then loosen the screw on the fixing sleeve 912. At this time, the fixing sleeve 912 and the pull rod 91 can move freely. Move the pull rod 91 forward away from the support wheel 82. Then the workpiece can be clamped between the three support wheels 82 from top to bottom, and drive the drive motor to make the rotating disk 72 rotate in the reverse direction. The three moving blocks 75 move closer to each other, and the support wheels 82 move synchronously to clamp the workpiece, so as to ensure that the workpiece is at the center of the electromagnetic chuck 6.

[0065] Then press the limit post 943 inward, and move the pull rod 91 backward so that the pressing roller 93 fits against the front end of the workpiece. Then tighten the screw to fix the pull rod 91 and the fixing sleeve 912 so that they cannot move, and the adjustment of the clamping tool for this kind of workpiece can be completed. The workpiece is pressed against the surface of the electromagnetic chuck 6. By adjusting the distance between the three support wheels 82 and the moving blocks 75, and adjusting the position of the pull rod 91, workpieces of various different sizes can be positioned and clamped.

[0066] After turning on the power of the electromagnetic chuck 6, the workpiece is fixed on the electromagnetic chuck 6. Its ultra-precision working process is as follows: The main shaft of the spindle box 5 starts and drives the workpiece to rotate through the electromagnetic chuck 6 → The cross slide 2 starts, and the oilstone 41 reaches the specified position according to the process parameters → The single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure 3 starts, and the oilstone 41 starts to oscillate → The pressure compensation cylinder 4 pressurizes the oilstone 41 according to the process requirements → Start ultra-precision machining → After completing ultra-precision machining, the pressure compensation cylinder 4 releases pressure, the single-axis reciprocating oscillation structure 3 stops, the cross slide 2 resets, the main shaft stops, the electromagnetic chuck 6 is disconnected, and the workpiece is removed.

[0067] When ultra-precision machining the remaining workpieces of the same size, pull the intermediate rod 92 and the pulling rod 91 forward. At this time, the pulling rod 91 will drive the limit pulling rod 94 to move forward together. The tail end of the limit pulling rod 94 will disengage from the limit hole 816 on the reset part 81. At this time, the reset part 81 and the left and right support wheels 82 can slide, and the workpiece can be directly taken out from bottom to top.

[0068] After that, just replace the new workpiece. Specifically, pull the pulling rod 91 outward, and the workpiece is clamped from top to bottom along the surface of the electromagnetic chuck 6. When the workpiece contacts the left and right support wheels 82, the support wheels 82 will slide and expand to both sides, so that the workpiece is located between the three support wheels 82. Then release the pulling rod 91, and the limit pulling rod 94 will move backward. The two reset parts 81 will move toward the axis of the electromagnetic chuck 6 under the action of the reset spring 813, so as to push the workpiece. When the limit pulling rod 94 is inserted into the limit hole 816, the reset part 81 is fixed at this time. The center of the circular structure formed by the three support wheels 82 is collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck 6, so that the axis of the workpiece is collinear with the axes of the electromagnetic chuck 6 and the main shaft, and the pressing roller 93 will also press on the front end of the workpiece, making the workpiece fit with the surface of the electromagnetic chuck 6. After that, ultra-precision machining can be carried out again. By repeating the above operations, ultra-precision machining can be carried out on multiple workpieces.

[0069] By installing the center positioning mechanism 7 on the front side of the spindle box 5, and there are multiple synchronously moving moving blocks 75 on the center positioning mechanism 7. Each moving block 75 is provided with a support wheel 82. The center of the circular structure formed by the three completely fixed support wheels 82 is always collinear with the axes of the main shaft and the electromagnetic chuck 6, which can ensure that the workpiece is at the center of the electromagnetic chuck 6 and guarantee the machining accuracy.

[0070] By setting two floating reset parts 81 and a lower support part 83, a circular structure is formed among the three. And the distance between the two reset parts 81 can be separated and expanded from each other, which is convenient for the quick installation and disassembly of the workpiece. After installation, it can also ensure that the workpiece is at the center of the electromagnetic chuck 6, improving the convenience.

[0071] By providing a pressing mechanism 9 on two reset members 81, the pressing mechanism 9 can expand and lengthen following the movement of the moving block 75, being applicable to workpieces of various different sizes. Moreover, the pressing mechanism 9 can limit the position of the reset members 81 to ensure that the workpiece is at the center of the electromagnetic chuck 6. Similarly, the pressing mechanism 9 can limit the front end of the workpiece to make it fit on the surface of the electromagnetic chuck 6, and can also prevent the workpiece from flying out due to a malfunction of the electromagnetic chuck 6, thus improving safety.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0073] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0074] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, making equivalent substitutions or changes, shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning assembly, characterized in that: The base comprises a base (1), a cross slide (2) is mounted on the front half of the upper end of the base (1), a single-axis reciprocating oscillating structure (3) is mounted on the cross slide (2), a mounting frame (31) is mounted on the end of the single-axis reciprocating oscillating structure (3), a clamping frame (42) is mounted on the mounting frame (31) for forward and backward sliding, a pressurized compensating cylinder (4) is mounted on the mounting frame (31), a clamping head (43) is mounted on the push rod of the pressurized compensating cylinder (4), an oil stone (41) is clamped between the clamping head (43) and the clamping frame (42), and the right end of the oil stone (41) passes through the clamping frame (42) and is located at the right end thereof; A spindle box (5) is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base (1), an electromagnetic chuck (6) is arranged on the front side of the spindle box (5), and the spindle of the spindle box (5) is fixed to the electromagnetic chuck (6), a center positioning mechanism (7) is installed on the front side of the spindle box (5) by screws, three support structures (8) for positioning the workpiece are movably installed on the center positioning mechanism (7), and a clamping mechanism (9) for clamping the workpiece is installed between the left and right support structures (8); The center positioning mechanism (7) comprises a fixed chassis (71) fixed to the front side of the spindle box (5), a fixed cover plate (73) is installed on the front side of the fixed chassis (71), three movable cover shells (74) are arranged on the fixed cover plate (73), a movable block (75) is movably installed inside the movable cover shell (74), a guide cover (752) is fixed on the front side of the movable block (75), the left and right support structures (8) comprise a reset member (81), and the clamping mechanism (9) comprises two limit sleeves (95) respectively fixed to the left and right guide covers (752), the limit sleeve (95) inner cavity is slidably sleeved with a limit pull rod (94) forward and backward, the two limit pull rods (94) are slidably sleeved with a fixed sleeve (912) at one end away from the reset member (81), a pull rod (91) is welded on the fixed sleeve (912), an intermediate rod (92) is slidably connected between the two pull rods (91), and a clamping roller (93) is rotatably installed on the pull rod (91) through an axle pin.

2. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed chassis (71) is provided with an annular groove, and the outer ring of the fixed chassis (71) is provided with three straight line notches (711), one of which is located directly below the fixed chassis (71), and the other two straight line notches (711) are located at the left and right ends of the fixed chassis (71), and the two side straight line notches (711) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the bottom straight line notch (711); The three movable covers (74) are respectively located in front of the three linear notches (711), and the fixed cover plate (73) is provided with a mounting notch located in front of the linear notches (711). The linear notches (711) are connected to the interior of the movable covers (74) via the mounting notches, and the rear end of the movable block (75) extends into the linear notches (711).

3. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating disk (72) is rotatably mounted in the annular groove, a spiral portion (721) is provided on the front surface of the rotating disk (72), and a plurality of linearly distributed moving portions (751) are provided on the rear surface of the moving block (75), wherein the moving portions (751) are connected to the spiral portion (721).

4. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the fixed chassis (71) is cut away to form an engagement notch, the outer ring surface of the rotating disk (72) is provided with a plurality of drive tooth grooves (722) in a circumferential array, a drive motor is mounted on the upper end of the spindle box (5), a drive gear (76) is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the drive gear (76) is engaged with the drive tooth groove (722) via the engagement notch; The front surface of the fixed cover plate (73) is located behind the front surface of the electromagnetic suction cup (6).

5. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning component according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide cover (752) is fixed on the front side of the moving block (75), and the two reset members (81) are slidably mounted in the two guide covers (752) on the left and right sides respectively. A lower support member (83) is fixed in the lowermost guide cover (752), and support wheels (82) are rotatably mounted on the reset member (81) and the lower support member (83) via axle pins. A circular structure is formed between the three support wheels (82), and the center of the circular structure is colinear with the axis of the main shaft and the electromagnetic suction cup (6).

6. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reset member (81) comprises a reset block (811) slidably sleeved in the guide cover (752); a limit cover (815) is fixed to the front side of the reset block (811); the support wheel (82) is rotatably mounted on the reset block (811) via an axle pin; a limit sliding hole (812) is provided on the reset block (811); a limit block (814) is slidably placed in the limit sliding hole (812); the limit block (814) is fixed to the moving block (75); a reset spring (813) is placed in the limit sliding hole (812); two ends of the reset spring (813) are respectively in contact with the limit block (814) and one end of the limit sliding hole (812) close to the support wheel (82).

7. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper front surfaces of the left and right movable covers (74) are lengthened, and a movable sliding hole (741) with a strip-shaped structure is provided on the front surface of the movable cover (74). A connecting port (753) is provided on the front surface of the guide cover (752). The connecting port (753) extends rearward and penetrates the limiting cover (815) to form a limiting hole (816). The limiting hole (816) and the connecting port (753) both overlap with the movable sliding hole (741).

8. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two limiting sleeves (95) pass through the movable sliding hole (741) and are placed outside the movable cover (74), and the limiting sleeves (95) are slidably connected to the movable cover (74), the rear end of the limiting pull rod (94) passes through the connecting port (753) and is inserted into the limiting hole (816), the limiting pull rod (94) is provided with a limiting ring (941) in the inner cavity of the limiting sleeve (95), a fixing ring (942) is fixed in the limiting sleeve (95), the limiting pull rod (94) is slidably sleeved in the fixing ring (942), and a limiting spring (96) is sleeved on the limiting pull rod (94), and the two ends of the limiting spring (96) are in contact with the limiting ring (941) and the fixing ring (942); The fixing sleeve (912) can be slidably adjusted on the limiting pull rod (94), so as to be applicable to workpieces of various heights, and the fixing sleeve (912) and the limiting pull rod (94) are fixed by screws.

9. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting pull rod (94) is penetrated to form a circular groove, the circular groove is slidably inserted into the limiting column (943), an ejection spring is abutted between the limiting column (943) and the inner end of the circular groove, the outer ring of the limiting sleeve (95) is provided with an opening, and the limiting column (943) passes through the opening and is placed outside the limiting sleeve (95).

10. A high-precision reciprocating single-axis oscillating superfinishing machine with a positioning assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: The intermediate rod (92) is provided with two groups of symmetrically distributed elongated grooves (921); a connecting pin (911) is fixed to a side of the pulling rod (91) close to the intermediate rod (92); the connecting pin (911) is slidably placed in the elongated groove (921); The left and right ends of the two pulling rods (91) and the middle rod (92) respectively coincide with the center lines of the two right straight notches (711).

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