A device and method for collecting underground space information in smart cities

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of underground space information collection, and specifically discloses a device and method for collecting underground space information in smart cities, including: an information collection drone and a support plate, wherein the support plate is arranged at the front side of the top of the information collection drone, and a first slide groove running through the middle of the top of the support plate is provided. The present invention can adjust the shape and diffusion of the light beam according to actual needs, ensuring that a clear observation image can be obtained when the observation distance changes. At the same time, when encountering narrow spaces, it can accurately measure the space size, provide decision support for the safe passage of drones, and effectively avoid the occurrence of collision accidents. In addition, the drone can automatically collect air samples at different locations as needed during long-distance flight, which greatly improves the breadth and depth of environmental monitoring. In summary, this device significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy and safety of underground space information collection in smart cities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground space information collection, and in particular to an underground space information collection device and a collection method for a smart city. Background Art

[0002] In today's rapidly developing urbanization process, the concept of smart city is becoming more and more popular. It aims to achieve efficient, intelligent and sustainable urban operation by integrating advanced information and communication technologies. As an important part of the construction of smart city, the information collection of underground space is particularly important. Underground space, in a broad sense, refers to the area below the surface of the city, including but not limited to subway lines, underground passages, underground parking lots, underground integrated pipe galleries, caves and various underground facilities. These spaces are not only an important extension of urban functions, but also the key to alleviating the pressure of ground space and improving the carrying capacity of the city.

[0003] Smart city underground space information collection refers to the use of modern information technology to comprehensively and accurately collect and analyze multi-dimensional information such as the physical environment, structural status, usage status and potential risks of underground space. This process is of great significance for optimizing underground space planning, improving the efficiency of underground facility operation and maintenance, ensuring public safety and promoting the sustainable use of underground resources. Specifically, the content of information collection is extensive, including but not limited to: geometric dimensions and layout information of underground space, environmental quality parameters, structural health status monitoring, personnel flow and activity patterns, and the operating status of underground pipe networks and facilities;

[0004] However, the smart city underground space information collection devices in the existing technology face a series of challenges and shortcomings when facing the complex and changeable underground environment. First, due to the dim light in the underground space and the complex and changeable spatial structure, traditional equipment often finds it difficult to flexibly adapt to observation needs at different distances while ensuring image clarity. The lack of an adjustable focus lighting system greatly reduces the accuracy and completeness of information collection in narrow or long-distance observation scenarios. Secondly, facing narrow passages or restricted areas in underground spaces, the existing devices lack an effective passage assessment mechanism, which can easily lead to collisions of drones due to misjudgment of space dimensions, which not only affects the smooth progress of the collection task, but may also cause equipment damage, affecting the continuity and safety of the collection task, and increasing operating costs and safety risks. Furthermore, for the monitoring of underground air quality, most of the existing devices are limited to the collection of single points or fixed areas, making it difficult to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the air quality of longer paths or deep underground spaces, limiting the effectiveness and representativeness of the data. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground space information collection device and method for smart cities, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that different observation distances may lead to unclear observation due to light, there are safety hazards, and air collection has limitations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device and method for collecting underground space information in a smart city, comprising: an information collection drone and a support plate, the support plate being arranged at the front side of the top of the information collection drone, and a first slide groove running through the front and back is opened in the middle of the top of the support plate; there are two guide rods, and the front and rear ends of the two guide rods are respectively arranged at the front top of the information collection drone and the rear side of the support plate along the up and down directions; an observation camera and an infrared imager are respectively arranged at the front bottom and the front top of the information collection drone; there are two first slide rails, and the two first slide rails are respectively arranged at the left and right sides of the bottom of the information collection drone; a space evaluation mechanism is arranged at the top of the information collection drone; a light adjustment mechanism is arranged at the front side of the bottom of the information collection drone; an air collection mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the information collection drone; there are two lifting frames, and the two lifting frames are respectively arranged at the left and right sides of the bottom of the information collection drone.

[0007] Preferably, in order to drive the infrared rangefinder to move, the space assessment mechanism includes: a first motor, the number of the first motors is two, and the two first motors are respectively screwed to the left and right ends of the rear side of the top of the information collection drone; the rear end of the worm is locked to the output end of the first motor through a coupling, and the front end of the worm is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the support plate through a bearing; the rear bottom end of the mobile frame is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod; the bottom end of the first rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the bottom end of the inner cavity of the mobile frame through a bearing, and the top end of the first rotating rod is rotatably extended out of the top end of the mobile frame; the worm gear is sleeved on the bottom end of the outer wall of the first rotating rod and locked by a top screw, and the worm gear is located in the inner cavity of the mobile frame; the active bevel gear is sleeved on the top end of the outer wall of the first rotating rod and locked by a top screw; the second slide rail is arranged on the front side of the bottom end of the mobile frame, and the outer wall of the second slide rail is slidably adapted to be inserted into the inner cavity of the first slide groove.

[0008] Preferably, in order to monitor the size of a narrow space, the space assessment mechanism also includes: a second rotating rod, the rear end of the second rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the rear top end of the mobile frame through a bearing, and the front end of the second rotating rod is rotatably extended out of the front side of the mobile frame; the driven bevel gear is sleeved on the rear side of the outer wall of the second rotating rod and locked by a top screw, and the driven bevel gear and the active bevel gear are meshed; the first mounting seat is arranged at the front end of the second rotating rod; the number of infrared rangefinders is two, and the two infrared rangefinders are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the first mounting seat.

[0009] Preferably, in order to adjust the light irradiation distance, the light adjustment mechanism includes: a second mounting seat, the second mounting seat is arranged on the front side of the bottom end of the information collection drone; the rear end of the positioning cylinder is arranged on the front side of the second mounting seat, and the outer wall of the positioning cylinder is circumferentially equidistantly provided with a plurality of limit grooves from front to back; a reflector is arranged on the front side of the second mounting seat, and the reflector is located in the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder; LED lamp beads are arranged in the inner cavity of the reflector, and the LED lamp beads are arranged at the focus of the reflector; the rear side of the rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged on the front side of the second mounting seat through a bearing, the rotating cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning cylinder, and the outer wall of the rotating cylinder is circumferentially equidistantly provided with a plurality of drive grooves; there are two mounting plates, and the two mounting plates are rotatably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder through bearings, respectively, and the two mounting plates The top ends are all arranged at the bottom ends of the information collection drone; there are several teeth, and several teeth are arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction on the rear side of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder; the convex lens can be slidably adapted and inserted into the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder; there are several sliding columns, and several sliding columns are arranged equidistantly along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the convex lens, and the outer wall of the sliding column can be slidably adapted to penetrate the inner cavity of the limiting groove and the driving groove; the protective lens is arranged on the front side of the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder; the second motor is screwed to the rear bottom end of the second mounting seat; the rear end of the first connecting rod is locked to the output end of the second motor through a coupling, and the front end of the first connecting rod can be rotatably extended out of the front side of the second mounting seat; the first gear is sleeved on the front side of the outer wall of the first connecting rod and locked by a top screw, and the first gear is meshed with the teeth.

[0010] Preferably, in order to drive the piston rod to move, the air collection mechanism includes: a skateboard, a second slide groove is opened on both sides of the top of the skateboard along the front-to-back direction, and the second slide groove can be slidably adapted to be matched with the outer wall of the first slide rail; a rack is arranged in the middle of the top of the skateboard; a push plate is arranged on the rear side of the bottom end of the skateboard; the third motor is screwed to the rear side of the information collection drone; the second connecting rod is locked to the output end of the third motor through a coupling; the second gear is sleeved on the outer wall of the second connecting rod and locked by a top screw, and the second gear and the rack are meshed.

[0011] Preferably, in order to collect air, the air collection mechanism also includes: a mounting frame, which is arranged on the rear side of the bottom end of the information collection drone; there are several collecting tanks, which can be detachably plugged into the inner cavity of the mounting frame, an air inlet connected to its inner cavity is opened on the right side of the top end of the collecting tank, an exhaust port connected to its inner cavity is opened on the left side of the top end of the collecting tank, and an air hole connected to its inner cavity is opened at the bottom end of the collecting tank; there are several one-way valves, which are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the several air inlets and exhaust ports; the piston can be slidably fitted and plugged into the top end of the inner cavity of the collecting tank; the piston rod is arranged at the top end of the piston, and the top end of the piston rod can slidably extend out of the top end of the collecting tank; the roller is rotatably arranged in the middle of the top end of the piston rod, and the position of the roller corresponds to the position of the push plate; the spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod, the bottom end of the spring is clamped on the top end of the collecting tank, and the top end of the spring is clamped on the top end of the outer wall of the piston rod.

[0012] Preferably, the length of the bottom end of the push plate is greater than the distance between the frontmost roller and the rearmost roller.

[0013] Preferably, the first slide rail is dovetail-shaped, and the second slide groove is slidably adapted to be matched with the outer wall of the first slide rail.

[0014] The present invention proposes a device and method for collecting underground space information in a smart city, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The present invention uses an information collection drone to fly and move, and collects underground space information, uses an observation camera to observe the environment, uses LED lamp beads for light illumination, and uses a reflector to convert the light emitted by the LED lamp beads into parallel light. The parallel light is refracted by a convex lens and emitted through a protective mirror to the inner cavity of the positioning tube for illumination. If it is necessary to adjust the focus of the light to adjust the irradiation distance, the second motor is started, and the output end of the second motor is used to drive the first gear to rotate through the first connecting rod. The rotation of the first gear can drive the rotating drum to rotate through the teeth. The rotation of the rotating drum can use the cooperation between the driving groove and the limit groove to drive the convex lens to slide back and forth along the inner cavity of the positioning tube, thereby adjusting the focus position of the light.

[0016] 2. The present invention can monitor the size of a narrow space through an infrared rangefinder. When the information collection drone flies to a narrow space, the information collection drone hovers and starts two first motors to drive the two worms to rotate in the same direction, so that the two worms can be used to drive the moving frame forward through the worm gear until the first mounting seat moves to the narrow space, and the two first motors can be used to drive the two worms to rotate in opposite directions, thereby causing the worm gear to drive the infrared rangefinder to rotate through the first rotating rod, the active bevel gear, the second rotating rod, the driven bevel gear and the first mounting seat, and then the two infrared rangefinders can be used to measure and evaluate the size of the space.

[0017] 3. When air collection is needed, the present invention starts the third motor, and uses the third motor to drive the second gear to rotate through the second connecting rod. The rotation of the second gear can cooperate with the rack to move the slide plate backward, thereby driving the push plate to move backward. The backward movement of the push plate can push the roller to drive the piston rod and the piston to move downward along the inner cavity of the collection tank. The downward movement of the piston will cause the inner cavity of the collection tank to be under negative pressure, thereby opening the one-way valve on the outer wall of the air inlet, and the air enters the inner cavity of the collection tank through the air inlet to collect the air.

[0018] 4. The present invention can adjust the shape and diffusion of the light beam according to actual needs, realize flexible switching from spotlight to floodlight, and ensure that a clear observation image can be obtained when the observation distance changes. At the same time, when encountering a narrow space, it can accurately measure the space size, provide decision support for the safe passage of the UAV, and effectively avoid the occurrence of collision accidents. In addition, the design of the multi-stage air collection mechanism enables the UAV to automatically collect air samples at different locations as needed during long-distance flight, greatly improving the breadth and depth of environmental monitoring. In summary, this device significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy and safety of underground space information collection in smart cities, and provides strong technical support for the comprehensive development of smart cities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the space assessment agency;

[0021] Figure 3 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the first slide rail;

[0023] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a light adjustment mechanism;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air collection mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a right side view of the air collecting mechanism;

[0026] Figure 8 It is an exploded view of the light adjustment mechanism;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is an exploded view of the air collection mechanism;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection tank;

[0029] Fig.11 for Figure 3 A in the enlarged view;

[0030] Fig.12 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point B in the figure;

[0031] Fig.13 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point C in the figure;

[0032] Fig.14 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point D in the figure;

[0033] Fig.15 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point E in the figure;

[0034] Fig.16 for Figure 8 The enlarged view of F in the figure;

[0035] Fig.17 for Figure 8 The enlarged view of G in the figure;

[0036] Fig.18 for Fig. 9 The enlarged view of H in the figure;

[0037] Fig.19 for Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point I in FIG.

[0038] In the figure: 1, information collection drone; 2, support plate; 3, first slide; 4, guide rod; 5, observation camera; 6, first slide rail; 7, space assessment mechanism; 71, first motor; 72, worm; 73, moving frame; 74, first rotating rod; 75, worm gear; 76, active bevel gear; 77, second rotating rod; 78, driven bevel gear; 79, first mounting seat; 710, infrared rangefinder; 711, second slide rail; 8, light adjustment mechanism; 81, second mounting seat; 82, positioning cylinder; 83, limit groove; 84, rotating cylinder; 85, driving groove; 86, mounting plate; 87, teeth; 88, convex lens mirror; 89, sliding column; 810, protective lens; 811, second motor; 812, first connecting rod; 813, first gear; 814, LED lamp bead; 815, reflector; 9, air collection mechanism; 91, slide plate; 92, second slide groove; 93, rack; 94, push plate; 95, third motor; 96, second connecting rod; 97, second gear; 98, mounting frame; 99, collection tank; 910, air inlet; 911, exhaust port; 912, one-way valve; 913, piston rod; 914, piston; 915, roller; 916, spring; 917, air hole; 10, lifting frame; 11, infrared imager. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 19 The present invention provides a technical solution for an underground space information collection device and a collection method for a smart city, including: an information collection drone 1, a support plate 2, a first slide 3, a guide rod 4, an observation camera 5, a first slide rail 6, a space evaluation mechanism 7, a light adjustment mechanism 8, an air collection mechanism 9, a lifting frame 10 and an infrared imager 11. The information collection drone 1 is a prior art. The information collection drone 1 is used here to collect underground space information. The support plate 2 is arranged at the front side of the top of the information collection drone 1. The middle part of the top of the support plate 2 is provided with a first slide 3 that runs through the front and back. The support plate 2 is provided with a first slide 3 that runs through the front and back. The plate 2 is used to support the mobile frame 73. There are two guide rods 4. The front and rear ends of the two guide rods 4 are respectively arranged at the front top of the information collection drone 1 and the rear side of the support plate 2 in the up and down direction. The guide rods 4 are used to limit and support the mobile frame 73. The observation camera 5 and the infrared imager 11 are respectively arranged at the front bottom and the front top of the information collection drone 1. The observation camera 5 and the infrared imager 11 are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The observation camera 5 is used here to observe the underground space environment, and the infrared imager 11 is used to collect infrared images of the wall. The operator can The received image data is analyzed to determine whether there are cracks or other abnormalities in the wall. The infrared imager 11 is matched with the information collection drone 1 and is suitable for detecting large-area walls. The information collection drone 1 can fly according to a preset route. The infrared imager 11 quickly scans a large area of ​​the wall to improve the detection efficiency. The number of the first slide rails 6 is two, and the two first slide rails 6 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the information collection drone 1. The first slide rail 6 is dovetail-shaped, which can prevent the first slide rail 6 from detaching from the inner cavity of the second slide groove 92. The space evaluation mechanism 7 is arranged at the top of the information collection drone 1. The space evaluation mechanism 7 is used to evaluate the size of the space, so as to determine whether the information collection drone can pass. The light adjustment mechanism 8 is arranged at the front side of the bottom end of the information collection drone 1. The light adjustment mechanism 8 is used for lighting, and the observation distance is adjusted by adjusting the focus of the light. The air collection mechanism 9 is arranged at the rear side of the bottom end of the information collection drone 1. The air collection mechanism 9 is used for air collection. The number of the lifting frame 10 is two, and the two lifting frames 10 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the information collection drone 1. The lifting frame 10 is used to support the information collection drone 1.

[0041] Furthermore, the space assessment mechanism 7 includes: a first motor 71, a worm 72, a moving frame 73, a first rotating rod 74, a worm wheel 75, an active bevel gear 76, a second rotating rod 77, a driven bevel gear 78, a first mounting seat 79, an infrared rangefinder 710 and a second slide rail 711. The number of the first motors 71 is two, and the two first motors 71 are respectively screwed to the left and right ends of the rear side of the top of the information collection drone 1. The first motor 71 is a prior art, and the first motor 71 is a servo motor. The first motor 71 is connected to a servo controller. The first motor 71 is used to drive the worm 72 to rotate. The rear end of the worm 72 is locked to the output end of the first motor 71 through a coupling. The front end of the worm 72 is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the support plate 2 through a bearing. The rotation of the worm 72 can drive the worm gear 75 to drive the movable frame 73 to move, or the worm gear 75 drives the first rotating rod 74 to rotate. The rear bottom end of the movable frame 73 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 4, and the bottom end of the first rotating rod 74 is rotatably arranged on the bottom end of the inner cavity of the movable frame 73 through a bearing. The top end of the rod 74 can be rotatably extended out of the top end of the moving frame 73, the worm gear 75 is sleeved on the bottom end of the outer wall of the first rotating rod 74 and locked by a top screw, the worm gear 75 is located in the inner cavity of the moving frame 73, the active bevel gear 76 is sleeved on the top end of the outer wall of the first rotating rod 74 and locked by a top screw, the second slide rail 711 is set at the front side of the bottom end of the moving frame 73, the outer wall of the second slide rail 711 can be slidably adapted and inserted into the inner cavity of the first slide groove 3, the rear end of the second rotating rod 77 is rotatably set on the rear side top end of the moving frame 73 through a bearing, and the second rotating rod 77 The front end can be rotatably extended out of the front side of the movable frame 73, the driven bevel gear 78 is sleeved on the rear side of the outer wall of the second rotating rod 77 and locked by a top screw, the driven bevel gear 78 and the active bevel gear 76 are meshed, the first mounting seat 79 is arranged at the front end of the second rotating rod 77, the number of infrared rangefinders 710 is two, and the two infrared rangefinders 710 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the first mounting seat 79. The infrared rangefinder 710 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. The infrared rangefinder 710 is used here to measure the size of the space.

[0042] Furthermore, the light adjustment mechanism 8 includes: a second mounting seat 81, a positioning cylinder 82, a limiting groove 83, a rotating cylinder 84, a driving groove 85, a mounting plate 86, teeth 87, a convex lens 88, a sliding column 89, a protective lens 810, a second motor 811, a first connecting rod 812, a first gear 813, an LED lamp bead 814 and a reflector 815. The second mounting seat 81 is arranged at the front side of the bottom end of the information collection drone 1, the rear end of the positioning cylinder 82 is arranged at the front side of the second mounting seat 81, and the outer wall of the positioning cylinder 82 is equidistantly provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 83 from front to back along the circumferential direction. The reflector 815 is arranged at the front side of the second mounting seat 81. The cover 815 is located in the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder 82. The reflector 815 can convert the light emitted by the LED lamp beads 814 into parallel light. The LED lamp beads 814 are arranged in the inner cavity of the reflector 815. The LED lamp beads 814 are arranged at the focus of the reflector 815. The LED lamp beads 814 can be used as a light source for ambient lighting. The rear side of the rotating cylinder 84 is rotatably arranged on the front side of the second mounting seat 81 through a bearing. The rotating cylinder 84 is sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning cylinder 82. The outer wall of the rotating cylinder 84 is provided with a plurality of driving grooves 85 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. There are two mounting plates 86. The two mounting plates 86 are rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 84 through bearings. On the front and rear sides, the top ends of the two mounting plates 86 are both arranged at the bottom end of the information collection drone 1. The number of teeth 87 is several, and the teeth 87 are respectively arranged at equal distances along the circumferential direction on the rear side of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 84. The convex lens 88 can be slidably adapted to be inserted into the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder 82. The convex lens 88 is used to refract and converge the parallel light reflected by the reflector 815. The number of sliding columns 89 is several, and the sliding columns 89 are respectively arranged at equal distances along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the convex lens 88. The outer wall of the sliding column 89 can be slidably adapted to penetrate the inner cavity of the limiting groove 83 and the driving groove 85. The protective lens 810 is arranged on the front side of the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder 82. The second electric The machine 811 is screwed to the bottom end of the rear side of the second mounting seat 81, the second motor 811 is the existing technology, the second motor 811 is a servo motor, and the second motor 811 is connected to a servo controller. No further details are given here. The second motor 811 is used here to drive the first gear 813 to rotate through the first connecting rod 812. The rear end of the first connecting rod 812 is locked to the output end of the second motor 811 through a coupling, and the front end of the first connecting rod 812 can be rotatably extended out of the front side of the second mounting seat 81, and the first gear 813 is sleeved on the front side of the outer wall of the first connecting rod 812 and locked by a top screw. The first gear 813 is meshed with the tooth 87.

[0043] Furthermore, the air collecting mechanism 9 includes: a slide plate 91, a second slide groove 92, a rack 93, a push plate 94, a third motor 95, a second connecting rod 96, a second gear 97, a mounting frame 98, a collecting tank 99, an air inlet 910, an exhaust port 911, a one-way valve 912, a piston rod 913, a piston 914, a roller 915, a spring 916 and an air hole 917. The left and right sides of the top of the slide plate 91 are provided with a second slide groove 92 along the front-to-back direction. The second slide groove 92 can be slidably matched to the outer wall of the first slide rail 6. A rack 93 is provided in the middle part of the top of the slide plate 91. The push plate 94 is provided on the rear side of the bottom end of the slide plate 91. The push plate 94 is used to push the piston rod 913 to move downward. The third motor 95 is screwed to the Connected to the rear side of the information collection drone 1, the third motor 95 is the existing technology, the third motor 95 is a servo motor, and the third motor 95 is connected to a servo controller. No further details will be given here. The third motor 95 is used here to drive the second gear 97 to rotate through the second connecting rod 96. The second connecting rod 96 is locked at the output end of the third motor 95 through a coupling. The second gear 97 is sleeved on the outer wall of the second connecting rod 96 and locked by a top screw. The second gear 97 and the rack 93 are meshed. The mounting frame 98 is arranged on the rear side of the bottom end of the information collection drone 1. The number of collecting tanks 99 is several, and several collecting tanks 99 can be detachably plugged into the inner cavity of the mounting frame 98. The right side of the top of the collecting tank 99 is provided with a connection with its inner cavity. The collecting tank 99 is provided with an air inlet 910 connected thereto, an exhaust port 911 connected thereto is provided on the left side of the top end thereof, an air hole 917 connected thereto is provided at the bottom end thereof, the collecting tank 99 is used for collecting air, a plurality of one-way valves 912 are provided, and the plurality of one-way valves 912 are respectively provided on the outer walls of the plurality of air inlets 910 and the exhaust ports 911, the one-way valves 912 are prior art and will not be described in detail herein, a piston 914 is slidably adapted to be plugged into the top end of the inner cavity of the collecting tank 99, a piston rod 913 is provided at the top end of the piston 914, and the top end of the piston rod 913 is slidably extended out of the top end of the collecting tank 99, a roller 915 is rotatably provided at the middle part of the top end of the piston rod 913, and the roller The position of wheel 915 corresponds to the position of push plate 94. Roller 915 can reduce the friction between piston rod 913 and push plate 94. The length of the bottom end of push plate 94 is greater than the distance between the frontmost roller 915 and the rearmost roller 915, ensuring that push plate 94 can push all piston rods 913 to move downward. Spring 916 is sleeved on the outer wall of piston rod 913. The bottom end of spring 916 is clamped on the top of collection tank 99. The top of spring 916 is clamped on the top of the outer wall of piston rod 913. Spring 916 is a rotary spring. It undergoes elastic deformation after being squeezed or stretched by external force. It returns to its initial state after the external force is removed. Spring 916 is used here to push piston rod 913 to pull piston 914 to move upward to its initial position.

[0044] The working principle includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Use the information collection drone 1 to fly and collect underground space information. The infrared imager 11 and the information collection drone 1 can quickly and efficiently collect infrared images of large-area walls in the underground space. The operator can analyze the received image data to determine whether there are cracks or other abnormalities in the wall, and use the observation camera 5 to observe the environment. Since the light in the underground space is dim, the LED lamp bead 814 is turned on. The light emitted by the LED lamp bead 814 will be reflected by the reflector 815 and become parallel light to the convex lens 88. The parallel light will converge at one place after passing through the convex lens 88 to form a focus. The refracted light 88 is emitted from the inner cavity of the rotating drum 84 through the protective lens 810 for illumination. If the observation distance needs to be changed and the irradiation distance needs to be adjusted, the second motor 811 is started, and the output end of the second motor 811 is used to drive the first gear 813 to rotate through the first connecting rod 812. The first gear 813 rotates and cooperates with the teeth 87 to drive the rotating drum 84 to rotate. The rotating drum 84 rotates and drives the sliding column 89 to drive the convex lens 88 to slide back and forth along the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder 82 by the cooperation between the driving groove 85 and the limiting groove 83, thereby adjusting the position of the light focus, thereby enhancing the brightness of the observation point, and ensuring the accuracy and completeness of information collection;

[0046] Step 2: If air collection is required at multiple locations, when the information collection drone 1 flies to a suitable location, start the third motor 95, use the output end of the third motor 95 to drive the second gear 97 to rotate through the second connecting rod 96, use the rotational force generated by the rotation of the second gear 97 and the rack 93 to drive the slide plate 91 to drive the push plate 94 to move backward, and the push plate 94 moves backward to push the roller 915 on the front side to drive the piston 914 on the front side along the piston rod 913 on the front side. The inner wall of the collection tank 99 moves downward and squeezes the spring 916 to undergo elastic deformation. The piston 914 moves downward to cause the one-way valve 912 disposed on the outer wall of the air inlet 910 to open, so that the gas enters the inner cavity of the collection tank 99 through the air inlet 910. When the piston 914 moves to a suitable position, the output end of the third motor 95 stops rotating. At this time, the push plate 94 does not contact the second roller 915. When the information collection drone 1 moves to the next location where air collection is required, air collection can be performed again.

[0047] Step 3: When the information collection drone 1 flies to a narrow space and it is impossible to determine whether the information collection drone 1 can pass through, the information collection drone 1 is prompted to hover there, and the two first motors 71 are started, so that the output ends of the two first motors 71 drive the two worms 72 to rotate in the same direction, and then the worm gear 75 can drive the moving frame 73 to move forward under the action of the two worm gears 72, until the moving frame 73 drives the first mounting seat 79 to move to the narrow space, and the two first motors 71 are started, and the two first motors 71 are used to drive the two worm gears 75 to rotate in opposite directions, so that the worm gear 75 drives the active cone through the first rotating rod 74. The gear 76 rotates, and the cooperation between the active bevel gear 76 and the driven bevel gear 78 drives the first mounting seat 79 to rotate through the second rotating rod 77. The rotation of the first mounting seat 79 drives the two infrared rangefinders 710 to rotate with the second rotating rod 77 as the center of the circle, so that the two infrared rangefinders 710 are used to monitor the width of the space, and then determine whether the information collection drone 1 can pass. After the space judgment is completed, the two first motors 71 are started, and the output ends of the two first motors 71 drive the two worms 72 to rotate in the same direction, and in the opposite direction to the above rotation, and then the worm gear 75 is used to drive the moving frame 73 to move backward to the initial position;

[0048] Step 4. After the information collection is completed, when the collected air needs to be taken out, take the sample tank and align it with the exhaust port 911, start the third motor 95 to drive the second connecting rod 96 to rotate in the opposite direction of the above, and then prompt the slide plate 91 to drive the push plate 94 to move forward, thereby releasing the push plate 94 from blocking the piston rod 913, and under the elastic force of the spring 916, the piston rod 913 can be pushed to drive the piston 914 to move upward to the initial position. The upward movement of the piston 914 will squeeze the air in the inner cavity of the collection tank 99, causing the pressure to increase, and then open the one-way valve 912 located on the outer wall of the exhaust port 911, and the air in the inner cavity of the collection tank 99 is discharged into the sample tank through the exhaust port 911.

[0049] In summary, the present invention can adjust the shape and diffusion of the light beam according to actual needs, realize flexible switching from spotlight to floodlight, and ensure that a clear observation image can be obtained when the observation distance changes. At the same time, when encountering a narrow space, it can accurately measure the space size, provide decision-making support for the safe passage of the UAV, and effectively avoid the occurrence of collision accidents. In addition, the design of the multi-stage air collection mechanism enables the UAV to automatically collect air samples at different locations as needed during long-distance flight, which greatly improves the breadth and depth of environmental monitoring. In summary, this device significantly improves the efficiency, accuracy and safety of underground space information collection in smart cities, and provides strong technical support for the comprehensive development of smart cities.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for collecting underground space information in a smart city, characterized in that: include: Information gathering drones (1); A support plate (2), the support plate (2) being arranged at the front side of the top end of the information collection drone (1), and a first slide groove (3) penetrating front to back is provided in the middle of the top end of the support plate (2); Guide rods (4), the number of the guide rods (4) being two, and the front and rear ends of the two guide rods (4) being respectively arranged at the front top end of the information collection drone (1) and the rear side of the support plate (2) in the up-down direction; An observation camera (5) and an infrared imager (11), wherein the observation camera (5) and the infrared imager (11) are respectively arranged at the front bottom end and the front top end of the information collection drone (1); A first slide rail (6), wherein the number of the first slide rails (6) is two, and the two first slide rails (6) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); A space assessment mechanism (7), wherein the space assessment mechanism (7) is arranged on the top of the information collection drone (1); A light adjustment mechanism (8), wherein the light adjustment mechanism (8) is arranged on the front side of the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); An air collection mechanism (9), the air collection mechanism (9) being arranged at the rear side of the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); A lifting frame (10), wherein the number of the lifting frames (10) is two, and the two lifting frames (10) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); The air collecting mechanism (9) comprises: A slide plate (91), wherein both left and right sides of the top of the slide plate (91) are provided with second slide grooves (92) along the front-rear direction, and the second slide grooves (92) are slidably adapted to be matched with the outer wall of the first slide rail (6); A rack (93), wherein a rack (93) is disposed at the middle portion of the top end of the slide plate (91); A push plate (94), the push plate (94) being arranged at the rear side of the bottom end of the slide plate (91); A third motor (95), the third motor (95) being screw-connected to the rear side of the information collection drone (1); a second connecting rod (96), the second connecting rod (96) being locked to an output end of the third motor (95) via a coupling; a second gear (97), the second gear (97) being sleeved on the outer wall of the second connecting rod (96) and locked by a top screw, the second gear (97) being meshed with the rack (93); A mounting frame (98), the mounting frame (98) being arranged at the rear side of the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); A collecting tank (99), wherein the number of the collecting tanks (99) is several, and the several collecting tanks (99) are all detachably plugged into the inner cavity of the mounting frame (98); an air inlet (910) connected to the inner cavity is provided on the right side of the top of the collecting tank (99); an exhaust port (911) connected to the inner cavity is provided on the left side of the top of the collecting tank (99); and an air hole (917) connected to the inner cavity is provided at the bottom of the collecting tank (99); One-way valves (912), the number of the one-way valves (912) being multiple, and the multiple one-way valves (912) being respectively arranged on the outer walls of the multiple air inlets (910) and the air outlets (911); A piston (914), wherein the piston (914) is slidably adapted to be inserted into the top end of the inner cavity of the collection tank (99); A piston rod (913), wherein the piston rod (913) is disposed at a top end of the piston (914), and the top end of the piston rod (913) can slidably extend out of a top end of the collection tank (99); A roller (915), the roller (915) being rotatably disposed at the middle portion of the top end of the piston rod (913), the position of the roller (915) corresponding to the position of the push plate (94); A spring (916), wherein the spring (916) is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod (913), the bottom end of the spring (916) is clamped on the top end of the collection tank (99), and the top end of the spring (916) is clamped on the top end of the outer wall of the piston rod (913).

2. The device for collecting underground space information in a smart city according to claim 1, characterized in that: The space assessment mechanism (7) comprises: A first motor (71), the number of the first motors (71) being two, and the two first motors (71) being respectively screwed to the left and right ends of the rear side of the top end of the information collection drone (1); A worm (72), wherein the rear end of the worm (72) is locked to the output end of the first motor (71) via a coupling, and the front end of the worm (72) is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the support plate (2) via a bearing; A movable frame (73), wherein the rear bottom end of the movable frame (73) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod (4); a first rotating rod (74), wherein the bottom end of the first rotating rod (74) is rotatably disposed at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the movable frame (73) via a bearing, and the top end of the first rotating rod (74) is rotatably extended out of the top end of the movable frame (73); A worm wheel (75), the worm wheel (75) being sleeved on the bottom end of the outer wall of the first rotating rod (74) and being locked by a top screw, the worm wheel (75) being located in the inner cavity of the movable frame (73); An active bevel gear (76), the active bevel gear (76) being sleeved on the top end of the outer wall of the first rotating rod (74) and being locked by a top screw; A second slide rail (711), the second slide rail (711) is arranged on the front side of the bottom end of the movable frame (73), and the outer wall of the second slide rail (711) can be slidably adapted to be inserted into the inner cavity of the first slide groove (3).

3. The device for collecting underground space information in a smart city according to claim 2, characterized in that: The space assessment mechanism (7) further comprises: a second rotating rod (77), the rear end of the second rotating rod (77) being rotatably disposed on the rear top end of the moving frame (73) via a bearing, and the front end of the second rotating rod (77) being rotatably extended out of the front side of the moving frame (73); A driven bevel gear (78), the driven bevel gear (78) being sleeved on the rear side of the outer wall of the second rotating rod (77) and locked by a top screw, the driven bevel gear (78) being meshed with the driving bevel gear (76); A first mounting seat (79), the first mounting seat (79) being arranged at the front end of the second rotating rod (77); Infrared rangefinder (710), the number of the infrared rangefinder (710) is two, and the two infrared rangefinders (710) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the first mounting seat (79).

4. The device for collecting underground space information in a smart city according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light adjustment mechanism (8) comprises: A second mounting seat (81), the second mounting seat (81) being arranged on the front side of the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); A positioning cylinder (82), the rear end of the positioning cylinder (82) being arranged at the front side of the second mounting seat (81), and the outer wall of the positioning cylinder (82) being provided with a plurality of limiting grooves (83) equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction from front to back; A reflector (815), the reflector (815) being arranged on the front side of the second mounting seat (81), the reflector (815) being located in the inner cavity of the positioning tube (82); LED lamp beads (814), the LED lamp beads (814) being arranged in the inner cavity of the reflector (815), and the LED lamp beads (814) being arranged at the focus of the reflector (815); A rotating cylinder (84), the rear side of which is rotatably arranged on the front side of the second mounting seat (81) via a bearing, the rotating cylinder (84) being sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning cylinder (82), and the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (84) being provided with a plurality of driving grooves (85) equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction; A mounting plate (86), wherein the number of the mounting plates (86) is two, and the two mounting plates (86) are rotatably sleeved on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the rotating drum (84) via bearings, respectively, and the top ends of the two mounting plates (86) are both arranged at the bottom end of the information collection drone (1); Teeth (87), the number of the teeth (87) being a plurality, and the plurality of teeth (87) being arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the rear side of the outer wall of the rotating drum (84); A convex lens (88), wherein the convex lens (88) is slidably adapted to be inserted into the inner cavity of the positioning tube (82); A sliding column (89), wherein the number of the sliding columns (89) is plural, and the sliding columns (89) are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the convex lens (88) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the outer wall of the sliding column (89) is slidably adapted to penetrate the inner cavity of the limiting groove (83) and the driving groove (85); A protective lens (810), wherein the protective lens (810) is arranged at the front side of the inner cavity of the positioning tube (82); A second motor (811), the second motor (811) being screw-connected to the rear bottom end of the second mounting seat (81); a first connecting rod (812), the rear end of the first connecting rod (812) being locked to the output end of the second motor (811) via a coupling, and the front end of the first connecting rod (812) being rotatably extended out of the front side of the second mounting seat (81); A first gear (813), wherein the first gear (813) is sleeved on the front side of the outer wall of the first connecting rod (812) and is locked by a top screw, and the first gear (813) is meshed with the teeth (87).

5. The device for collecting underground space information in a smart city according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the bottom end of the push plate (94) is greater than the distance between the frontmost roller (915) and the rearmost roller (915).

6. The device for collecting underground space information in a smart city according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first slide rail (6) is dovetail-shaped, and the second slide groove (92) is slidably adapted to be matched with the outer wall of the first slide rail (6).

7. A method for collecting underground space information in a smart city, which is applied to the device for collecting underground space information in a smart city as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Use the information collection drone (1) to fly and collect information about the underground space, and use the observation camera (5) to observe the environment. Since the light in the underground space is relatively dark, the LED lamp beads (814) are activated. The light emitted by the LED lamp beads (814) is reflected by the reflector (815) and becomes parallel light and is emitted to the convex lens (88). The parallel light is converged at one point through the convex lens (88) to form a focus. The light refracted by the convex lens (88) is emitted from the inner cavity of the rotating drum (84) through the protective lens (810) to illuminate. If it is necessary to change the observation distance and adjust the irradiation distance, the second motor (811) is started, and the output end of the second motor (811) is used to drive the first gear (813) to rotate through the first connecting rod (812). The rotation of the first gear (813) and the teeth (87) drive the rotating drum (84) to rotate. The rotating drum (84) drives the sliding column (89) to drive the convex lens (88) to slide forward and backward along the inner cavity of the positioning cylinder (82) by the cooperation between the driving groove (85) and the limiting groove (83), thereby adjusting the position of the focus of the light. Step 2: If it is necessary to collect air from multiple locations, when the information collection drone (1) flies to a suitable location, start the third motor (95), use the output end of the third motor (95) to drive the second gear (97) to rotate through the second connecting rod (96), use the rotational force generated by the rotation of the second gear (97) and the rack (93) to cooperate with the driving slide plate (91) to drive the push plate (94) to move backward, and the push plate (94) moves backward to push the roller (915) located on the front side to drive the piston (914) located on the front side along the piston rod (913) located on the front side. The inner wall of the collection tank (99) moves downward and squeezes the spring (916) to undergo elastic deformation, and the piston (914) moves downward to cause the one-way valve (912) disposed on the outer wall of the air inlet (910) to open, so that the gas enters the inner cavity of the collection tank (99) through the air inlet (910), until the piston (914) moves to a suitable position, the output end of the third motor (95) stops rotating, and at this time, the push plate (94) is not in contact with the second roller (915), until the information collection drone (1) moves to the next location where air collection is required, and air collection can be performed again; Step 3: When the information collection drone (1) flies to a narrow space and it is impossible to determine whether the information collection drone (1) can pass through, the information collection drone (1) is caused to hover at this time, and the two first motors (71) are started, so that the output ends of the two first motors (71) drive the two worms (72) to rotate in the same direction along the first direction, and then the worm gear (75) drives the moving frame (73) to move forward under the action of the two worm gears (72), until the moving frame (73) drives the first mounting seat (79) to move to the narrow space, and the two first motors (71) are started, and the two first motors (71) drive the two worm gears (72) to rotate in opposite directions, so that the worm gear (75) drives the active conical gear (73) through the first rotating rod (74). The wheel (76) rotates, and the first mounting seat (79) is driven to rotate through the second rotating rod (77) by the cooperation between the active bevel gear (76) and the driven bevel gear (78). The first mounting seat (79) rotates and drives the two infrared rangefinders (710) to rotate with the second rotating rod (77) as the center of the circle, so that the width of the space is monitored by the two infrared rangefinders (710), and then it is judged whether the information collection drone (1) can pass through. After the space judgment is completed, the two first motors (71) are started, so that the output ends of the two first motors (71) drive the two worms (72) to rotate in the same direction along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction rotate in the opposite direction, and then the worm wheel (75) drives the moving frame (73) to move backward to the initial position; Step 4: After the information collection is completed, when the collected air needs to be taken out, take the sample tank and align it with the exhaust port (911), start the third motor (95) to drive the second connecting rod (96) to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the second connecting rod (96) in step 2, thereby prompting the slide plate (91) to drive the push plate (94) to move forward, thereby releasing the push plate (94) from blocking the piston rod (913). Under the elastic force of the spring (916), the piston rod (913) can be pushed to drive the piston (914) to move upward to the initial position. The upward movement of the piston (914) will squeeze the air in the inner cavity of the collection tank (99), causing the pressure to increase, thereby opening the one-way valve (912) located on the outer wall of the exhaust port (911), and the air in the inner cavity of the collection tank (99) is discharged into the sample tank through the exhaust port (911).

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