Gel electrode patch with dual conduction pathways and method of making

Abstract

The disclosure provides a double-conductive-path gel electrode patch and a preparation method thereof, which can be applied to the technical field of health sensing monitoring. The preparation method of the double-conductive-path gel electrode patch comprises: dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion-coordinated polydopamine in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution; injecting the mixed solution into a mold, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle to make the mixed solution into a gel state to obtain the double-conductive-path gel electrode patch, wherein the freeze-thaw cycle comprises at least one freezing operation and at least one thawing operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of health sensing monitoring, in particular to a gel electrode patch with double conduction paths and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, wearable flexible electronic devices can realize real-time monitoring of motion information and physiological information. In order to obtain accurate physiological signals, the electrode patch applied to the wearable device should have good adhesion and conductivity with the skin. However, the traditional gel electrode patch has weak conductivity in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present disclosure provides a gel electrode patch with double conduction paths and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a preparation method of a gel electrode patch with double conduction paths is provided, comprising: dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution; injecting the mixed solution into a mold and performing a freeze-thaw cycle to make the mixed solution into a gel state to obtain the gel electrode patch with double conduction paths, wherein the freeze-thaw cycle comprises at least one freezing operation and at least one thawing operation.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mass-volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the graphene oxide and the trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine is (0.9-1.1):(0.25-0.35):(0.45-0.55).

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the dispersing of the polyvinyl alcohol, the graphene oxide and the trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine in the aqueous solution to obtain the mixed solution comprises: dispersing the polyvinyl alcohol in the aqueous solution when the temperature of the aqueous solution is 90°C, and dispersing the graphene oxide and the trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine in the aqueous solution when the temperature of the aqueous solution is room temperature.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature of the freezing operation is -20°C, and the duration of the freezing operation is 17-19 hours.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature of the thawing operation is 4°C, and the duration of the thawing operation is 5-7 hours.

[0009] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a gel electrode patch with double conduction paths prepared based on the preparation method of the gel electrode patch with double conduction paths.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tensile deformation of the gel electrode patch is 200% to 240%, and the compressive deformation of the gel electrode patch is 30% to 50%.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum value of the peeling force of the gel electrode patch is 1.2 N / cm 2 .

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the gel electrode patch takes ≥10 minutes to repair itself after being broken.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the resistance of the gel electrode patch is less than 2 kΩ when the frequency is 0 to 100 Hz.

[0014] A third aspect of the present disclosure provides an application of the electrode patch based on the above-mentioned double-conducting pathway in the field of physiological electrical signal acquisition.

[0015] The gel electrode patch with a double-conducting pathway and the preparation method thereof provided by the present disclosure can disperse polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, inject the prepared mixed solution into a mold by using a template method, and perform a freeze-thaw cycle to make the mixed solution into a gel, so as to obtain the gel electrode patch with a double-conducting pathway, improve the production efficiency of the gel electrode patch, and because the graphene oxide and the trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine have conductivity, the prepared gel electrode patch has a double-conducting pathway, and the conductivity of the gel electrode patch is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart schematically showing a preparation method of the gel electrode patch with a double-conducting pathway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A preparation process schematic diagram of the gel electrode patch with a double-conducting pathway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0019] Figure 3A A mechanical schematic diagram of the gel electrode patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0020] Figure 3B Strain schematic diagrams of different gel electrode patches according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are schematically shown;

[0021] Figure 3CStrain diagrams of different freeze-thaw cycle numbers are schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3D Strain diagrams of different freeze-thaw cycle numbers are schematically shown according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 4A Mechanical diagrams of a gel electrode patch are schematically shown according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4B Strain diagrams of different gel electrode patches are schematically shown according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 4C Strain diagrams of different freeze-thaw cycle numbers are schematically shown according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 4D Strain diagrams of different freeze-thaw cycle numbers are schematically shown according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 5A Peeling experiment diagrams of a gel electrode patch are schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5B Peeling force diagrams of a gel electrode patch are schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5C Peeling force diagrams of a gel electrode patch are schematically shown according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 6A Schematically shown is that a gel electrode patch has electrical conductivity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 6B Schematically shown is that a gel electrode patch has electrical conductivity according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 6C Schematically shown is that a gel electrode patch has electrical conductivity according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 6D Schematically shown is that a gel electrode patch has electrical conductivity according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 7A Impedance diagrams of a gel electrode patch at different frequencies are schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0035] Figure 7BImpedance diagrams of the gel electrode patch according to still another embodiment of the disclosure at different frequencies are schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Hereinafter, embodiments of the disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it is to be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that one or more embodiments can be practiced without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques have been omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the disclosure.

[0037] The terms used herein are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The terms "include", "comprise" and the like used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0038] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the context of the specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0039] In the case of using expressions similar to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", in general, it should be interpreted as having a meaning that includes one or more of the listed items as well as any combination of the items (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B together, a system having A and C together, a system having B and C together, and / or a system having A, B, and C together, etc.).

[0040] In the technical solutions of the disclosure, the user information (including but not limited to user personal information, user image information, user equipment information, such as location information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved are information and data authorized by the user or authorized by all parties, and the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of related data comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards, take necessary security measures, do not violate public order and good customs, and provide corresponding operation portals for user selection authorization or refusal.

[0041] In the process of implementing the present disclosure, it is found that the hydrogel prepared by the traditional method in the related art has weak conductivity, and the actual use in signal monitoring is very difficult due to the lack of conductivity. The filling of conductive fillers is only a simple physical and mechanical mixing, and the lack of chemical bonding ability makes the dispersion of conductive materials uneven, which will also have a greater impact on the mechanical properties of traditional elastic polymers. The traditional elastic polymer itself is weak due to the lack of mechanical strength and high Young's modulus, and cannot be assimilated with the skin. At the same time, the electrode patch in the related art is prone to cause serious allergic reactions on sensitive skin due to the lack of biocompatibility. Therefore, the application in the actual process is limited. Compared with the conductive filler, the new conductive polymer is more similar to human skin, but it is also limited by its significant brittleness, which also hinders the actual application.

[0042] Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a preparation method of a gel electrode patch with a double-conductive pathway, which comprises: dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion-coordinated polydopamine in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution; injecting the mixed solution into a mold, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle to make the mixed solution into a gel state to obtain a gel electrode patch with a double-conductive pathway, wherein the freeze-thaw cycle comprises at least one freezing operation and at least one thawing operation.

[0043] Figure 1 A flowchart of the preparation method of the gel electrode patch with a double-conductive pathway according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, the preparation method 100 of the gel electrode patch with a double-conductive pathway of the embodiment comprises operation S110 and operation S120.

[0045] In operation S110, polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion-coordinated polydopamine are dispersed in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution.

[0046] In operation S120, the mixed solution is injected into a mold, and a freeze-thaw cycle is performed to make the mixed solution into a gel state to obtain a gel electrode patch with a double-conductive pathway.

[0047] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a high molecular polymer, generally white or slightly yellow powder or granular solid, which has good water solubility. The molecular structure formula of polyvinyl alcohol is composed of many repeating vinyl alcohol units. Graphene oxide (GO) is a derivative in the process of converting graphite to graphene, which belongs to two-dimensional structure nanomaterial with single atomic layer thickness. Trivalent iron ion-coordinated polydopamine (PDA-Fe 3+The composite material is composed of polydopamine (PDA) and trivalent iron ions (Fe3+).

[0048] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion-coordinated polydopamine can be dispersed in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is a viscous solution.

[0049] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the prepared mixed solution can be injected into a mold by using a template method, and the mold can be made according to requirements, and the shape and thickness of the mold can be customized according to requirements. For example, the mold can be rectangular, square, circular, irregular, etc.

[0050] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the freezing operation of the mixed solution can be completed by placing the mixed solution in the freezing layer of the refrigerator, and the thawing operation of the mixed solution can be completed by placing the mixed solution in the refrigeration layer of the refrigerator. In addition, the freezing and thawing cycle of the mixed solution can also be completed by running the freezing and thawing program. By performing the freezing and thawing cycle on the mold into which the mixed solution is injected, the mixed solution can be in a gel state, and since the graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion-coordinated polydopamine has conductivity, a gel electrode patch with double conductive paths is obtained.

[0051] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the freezing and thawing cycle includes at least one freezing operation and at least one thawing operation, and the freezing operation and the thawing operation are performed alternately, for example, the freezing and thawing cycle can be three times, that is, freezing, thawing, freezing, thawing, freezing, thawing. Again, for example, the freezing and thawing cycle can also be twice, that is, freezing, thawing, freezing, thawing. After each freezing, thawing is required, and the last operation before obtaining the gel electrode patch with double conductive paths is the thawing operation.

[0052] Figure 2 The preparation process of the gel electrode patch with double conductive paths according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0053] As Figure 2As shown, the preparation process of the gel electrode patch with double conduction paths includes dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution 210, injecting the prepared mixed solution 210 into a mold 220 by using a template method, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle on the mold 220 with the mixed solution 210 to make the mixed solution into a gel state, so as to obtain the gel electrode patch with double conduction paths. The hydrogen bonds can be seen to be cross-linked from the theoretical model 230 of the gel electrode patch with double conduction paths. The temperature of the freezing operation can be -20 DEG C, the time length of the freezing operation is 18 hours, the temperature of the thawing operation can be 4 DEG C, and the time length of the thawing operation is 6 hours.

[0054] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions are dispersed in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution. The prepared mixed solution is injected into a mold by using a template method, and a freeze-thaw cycle is performed to make the mixed solution into a gel state, so as to obtain a gel electrode patch with double conduction paths. The production efficiency of the gel electrode patch is improved. In addition, the graphene oxide and the polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions have conductivity, so that the prepared gel electrode patch has double conduction paths, and the conductivity of the gel electrode patch is improved.

[0055] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the mass-volume ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions can be (0.9-1.1):(0.25-0.35):(0.45-0.55). Different mass-volume ratios of polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions can obtain different mixed solutions.

[0056] For example, the mass-volume ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions can be 1.0:0.3:0.5.

[0057] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions are dispersed in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, which includes:

[0058] The polyvinyl alcohol is dispersed in the aqueous solution at a temperature of 90 DEG C, and the graphene oxide and the polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions are dispersed in the aqueous solution at a normal temperature.

[0059] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, when the mass-volume ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions is determined, the polyvinyl alcohol can be dispersed in an aqueous solution at 90 DEG C, and the graphene oxide and the polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions can be dispersed in an aqueous solution at a normal temperature, so as to obtain a mixed solution.

[0060] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by dispersing polyvinyl alcohol in the aqueous solution when the temperature of the aqueous solution is 90℃ and dispersing graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions in the aqueous solution when the temperature of the aqueous solution is room temperature, the solubility of polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions can be improved.

[0061] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature of the freezing operation can be -20℃, and the duration of the freezing operation can be 17-19 hours.

[0062] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the mixed solution can be placed in the freezing layer of the refrigerator, so that the temperature of the freezing operation is -20℃, and the duration of the freezing operation can be 17-19 hours. For example, the duration of the freezing operation can be 18 hours.

[0063] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the temperature of the thawing operation can be 4℃, and the duration of the thawing operation can be 5-7 hours.

[0064] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the mixed solution is frozen, the frozen mixed solution can be placed in the refrigeration layer of the refrigerator, so that the temperature of the thawing operation is -4℃, the mixed solution after thawing is gel-like, and the duration of the thawing operation is 5-7 hours. For example, the duration of the thawing operation can be 6 hours.

[0065] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by injecting the mixed solution prepared by the template method into the mold and performing a predetermined number of freezing-thawing cycles, the gel-like electrode iron sheet will shrink as the number of freezing-thawing cycles increases, and therefore the number of freezing-thawing cycles can be three.

[0066] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by injecting the mixed solution prepared by the template method into the mold and performing a predetermined number of freezing-thawing cycles, the gel-like electrode iron sheet will shrink as the number of freezing-thawing cycles increases, and therefore the number of freezing-thawing cycles can be three.

[0067] Based on the above-mentioned method for preparing a gel electrode patch with a double conduction path, the present disclosure also provides a gel electrode patch with a double conduction path prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing a gel electrode patch with a double conduction path.

[0068] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the tensile deformation of the gel electrode patch is 200% to 240%, and the compressive deformation of the gel electrode patch is 30% to 50%.

[0069] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the strain of the gel electrode patch can include tensile deformation and compressive deformation. By stretching or compressing the gel electrode patch, the tensile deformation of the gel electrode patch can reach 240%, and the compressive deformation of the gel electrode patch can reach 50%.

[0070] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of the mechanical properties of a gel electrode patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3B A schematic diagram illustrating the strain of different gel electrode patches according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3C A strain diagram illustrating different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3D A strain diagram illustrating different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0071] like Figure 3A As shown, a tensile force F is applied to the gel electrode patch. Figure 3B As shown, the strain of gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a single material, gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide (PVA / GO), and gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions (PVA / GO / PDA-Fe3+, abbreviated as PGF) under different loads are observed. It can be seen that the maximum tensile deformation of the gel electrode patches can exceed 200%, and under the same tensile deformation, the load of the gel electrode patch made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions is greater than that of the gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol as a single material, the gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide, and the gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions. Figure 3C As shown, the strain of gel electrode patches prepared with freeze-thaw cycles ranging from 1 to 6, 6 to 10, 11 to 15, 16 to 20, and 21 to 25 under different loads is illustrated. It can be seen that under different freeze-thaw cycle ranges, all patches exhibit stable tensile deformation within a certain range, with the maximum tensile deformation reaching 240%. Figure 3DAs shown, the number of freeze-thaw cycles ranges from 1 to 20. It can be seen that when the number of freeze-thaw cycles is 1, the gel electrode patch can have a stable tensile deformation. When the number of freeze-thaw cycles ranges from 2 to 20, the gel electrode patch can also have a stable tensile deformation, with the maximum tensile deformation reaching 240%.

[0072] Figure 4A A schematic diagram of the mechanical properties of a gel electrode patch according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4B A schematic diagram illustrating the strain of different gel electrode patches according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4C A strain diagram illustrating different freeze-thaw cycles according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically. Figure 4D A strain diagram illustrating different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0073] like Figure 4A As shown, a compressive force, F, is applied to the gel electrode patch. Figure 4B As shown, the strain of gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a single material, gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide (PVA / GO), and gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions (PVA / GO / PDA-Fe3+) under different pressures can be observed. It can be seen that the maximum compressive deformation of the gel electrode patches can reach 50%, and under the same tensile and compressive deformation, the pressure of the gel electrode patch made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions is greater than that of the gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol as a single material, the gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide, and the gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions. Figure 3C As shown, the strain of gel electrode patches prepared with freeze-thaw cycles ranging from 1 to 6, 6 to 10, 11 to 15, 16 to 20, and 21 to 25 under different pressures is illustrated. It can be seen that under different freeze-thaw cycle ranges, all patches exhibit stable compressibility deformation within a certain range, with the maximum compressibility deformation reaching 50%. Figure 3D As shown, the number of freeze-thaw cycles ranges from 1 to 20. It can be seen that when the number of freeze-thaw cycles is 1, the gel electrode patch can have a stable compression deformation. When the number of freeze-thaw cycles ranges from 2 to 20, the gel electrode patch can also have a stable compression deformation, with the maximum compression deformation reaching 50%.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum value of the peeling force of the gel electrode patch is 1.2 N / cm 2 .

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by adhering the gel electrode patch to the surface of the pig skin, the gel electrode patch can be well adhered to the surface of the pig skin, and the upper and lower sides can be peeled off using a universal mechanical testing machine. The maximum peeling force of the gel electrode patch adhered to the surface of the pig skin can reach 1.2 N / cm 2 .

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the peeling force of the gel electrode patch on the surface of the skin is large, it is not easy to be peeled off, thereby providing favorable conditions for long-term physiological electrical signal monitoring.

[0077] Figure 5A The peeling experiment schematic diagram of the gel electrode patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. Figure 5B The peeling force schematic diagram of the gel electrode patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. Figure 5C The peeling force schematic diagram of the gel electrode patch according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0078] As shown in Figure 5A , the gel electrode patch is adhered to the surface of the pig skin, and the peeling experiment is performed on the upper and lower sides of the gel electrode patch using a universal mechanical testing machine. As shown in Figure 5B , the peeling force corresponding to different moving positions in the glass experiment process of the gel electrode patch (PVA) prepared by a single material polyvinyl alcohol and the gel electrode patch (PGF) prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine using a universal mechanical testing machine is shown. It can be seen that the maximum peeling force of the gel electrode patch prepared by a single material polyvinyl alcohol is less than that of the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine. The maximum peeling force of the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine can reach 1.2 N / cm 2 . As shown in Figure 5C , another form of representation of the peeling force corresponding to different moving positions in the glass experiment process of the gel electrode patch (PVA) prepared by a single material polyvinyl alcohol and the gel electrode patch (PGF) prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine using a universal mechanical testing machine is shown. It can be seen that the maximum peeling force of the gel electrode patch prepared by a single material polyvinyl alcohol is less than that of the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine. The maximum peeling force of the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and trivalent iron ion coordinated polydopamine can reach 1.2 N / cm2 .

[0079] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the time required for the gel electrode patch to self-repair after breakage is ≥10 minutes.

[0080] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the gel electrode patch is conductive, and connecting the gel electrode patch to an LED lamp enables the LED lamp to be lit. If the gel electrode patch breaks, the LED lamp is disconnected, and the LED lamp goes out.

[0081] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a broken gel electrode patch can self-repair by being left to stand for a period of time. The self-repair time required is greater than or equal to 10 minutes. For example, it can be 15 minutes. Connecting the self-repaired gel electrode patch to an LED allows the LED to be relit. Therefore, the gel electrode patch exhibits excellent self-repair capability.

[0082] According to embodiments of this disclosure, since the broken gel electrode patch can self-repair after being left to stand for a period of time, it is beneficial to maintain long-term monitoring of electrophysiological signals.

[0083] Figure 6A A schematic diagram illustrating a conductive gel electrode patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6B A schematic diagram illustrating a conductive gel electrode patch according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6C A schematic diagram illustrating a conductive gel electrode patch according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6D A schematic diagram illustrating a conductive gel electrode patch according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0084] like Figure 6A The diagram shown is a schematic of a light-emitting diode (LED) circuit without the gel electrode patch connected, and a schematic of the LED being lit. Figure 6B The diagram shown illustrates the circuit of a light-emitting diode (LED) circuit with a gel electrode patch connected to it, and the schematic of the LED being illuminated. Figure 6C The diagram shown illustrates the circuit when the gel electrode patch connected to the LED is broken, and the schematic diagram showing that the LED light-emitting diode is not lit. Figure 6D The diagram shown is a circuit diagram of a self-healing gel electrode patch connected in a light-emitting diode circuit, and a schematic diagram of the light-emitting diode being lit.

[0085] Combination Figures 6A-6DIt is known that gel electrode patches have electrical conductivity, and after being left to stand for a period of time after breakage, gel electrode patches can self-repair. The repaired gel electrode patch still has electrical conductivity. Therefore, gel electrode patches have self-healing capabilities.

[0086] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the resistance of the gel electrode patch is less than 2kΩ at a frequency of 0~100Hz.

[0087] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by analyzing gel electrode patches at different frequencies, it is found that the gel electrode patches have low resistance at all frequencies within the frequency range of 0~100Hz, and the resistance at all frequencies is less than 2kΩ.

[0088] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the gel electrode patch exhibits excellent electrochemical performance because its resistance is less than 2kΩ in the frequency range of 0-100Hz.

[0089] Figure 7A The schematic diagram illustrates the impedance of a gel electrode patch according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at different frequencies. Figure 7B The schematic diagram illustrates the impedance of a gel electrode patch according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure at different frequencies.

[0090] like Figure 7A The diagram shows the impedance of gel electrode patches in the frequency range of 0–100 Hz, including gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a single material, gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide (PVA / GO), and gel electrode patches made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions (PVA / GO / PDA-Fe3+). It can be seen that the impedance of the gel electrode patch made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions is consistently less than 2 kΩ in the 0–100 Hz frequency range. Furthermore, at the same frequency, the impedance of the gel electrode patch made from polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, and polydopamine coordinated with ferric ions is lower than that of the gel electrode patch made from polyvinyl alcohol as a single material and the gel electrode patch made from polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide. Therefore, gel electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance in the 0–100 Hz frequency range. Figure 7B As shown, Figure 7AThe impedance of the gel electrode patch prepared by the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions in the frequency range of 0~log(4.5)Hz is always less than 2kΩ in the frequency range of 0~log(4.5)Hz, and the impedance of the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions is less than the impedance of the gel electrode patch prepared by a single material of polyvinyl alcohol and the gel electrode patch prepared by polyvinyl alcohol and graphene oxide at the same frequency.

[0091] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the gel electrode patch with double conductive paths prepared based on the preparation method of the gel electrode patch with double conductive paths described above has good mechanical strength, and the maximum strain can reach more than 50%, and can maintain good mechanical strength during multiple cycles of stretching and extrusion. The elastic modulus equivalent to the skin is conducive to better adhesion to the skin tissue; the gel electrode patch also has good adhesion, and the connection with the skin tissue is more closely, which is conducive to realizing more accurate parameter measurement; the double-path conductive of the gel electrode patch has good electrical signal transmission capacity, and the stable electrochemical transmission capacity of the gel electrode patch can realize stable long-time monitoring, and a certain self-repairing capacity is conducive to increasing the service life of the material. In addition, the gel electrode patch also has good biocompatibility, thereby being conducive to long-time signal monitoring without causing obvious inflammatory reaction.

[0092] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams can represent a module, a segment, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur in different orders than those noted in the figures. For example, two blocks noted in succession can actually be executed substantially concurrently, or they can sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved. It should also be noted that each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts or block diagrams, can be implemented by dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0093] Those skilled in the art can understand that the features recorded in various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined or / and integrated in various combinations, even if such combinations or integrations are not explicitly recorded in the present disclosure. In particular, the features recorded in various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or integrated in various combinations without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present disclosure. All these combinations and / or integrations fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0094] The above describes embodiments of the present disclosure. However, these embodiments are merely for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although each embodiment is described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and these substitutions and modifications should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method of making a dual conductive pathway gel electrode patch, characterized by, The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide and polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions in an aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the graphene oxide and the polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions is (0.9-1.1):(0.25-0.35):(0.45-0.55); injecting the mixed solution into a mold and performing a freeze-thaw cycle to make the mixed solution gelatinous to obtain a gel electrode patch with double conductive pathways, wherein the freeze-thaw cycle comprises at least one freezing operation and at least one thawing operation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing the polyvinyl alcohol in the aqueous solution when the temperature of the aqueous solution is 90 DEG C, and dispersing the graphene oxide and the polydopamine coordinated with trivalent iron ions in the aqueous solution when the temperature of the aqueous solution is room temperature.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The freezing operation is performed at a temperature of-20 DEG C and for a time period of 17-19 hours.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The thawing operation is performed at a temperature of 4 DEG C and for a time period of 5-7 hours.

5. A gel electrode patch with double conductive pathways prepared by the preparation method in any one of claims 1-4.

6. The gel electrode patch of claim 5, wherein, The tensile deformation of the gel electrode patch is 200%-240%, and the compressive deformation of the gel electrode patch is 30%-50%.

7. The gel electrode patch of claim 5, wherein, The maximum value of the peeling force of the gel electrode patch is 1.2 N / cm 2 .

8. The gel electrode patch of claim 5, wherein, The gel electrode patch can be self-repaired for a time period of greater than or equal to 10 minutes after being broken.

9. The gel electrode patch of claim 5, wherein, The resistance of the gel electrode patch is less than 2 kΩ when the frequency is 0-100 Hz.

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