Construction Method of Vertical Foamed Concrete Light Embankment in Complex and Steep Terrain

Abstract

The present invention relates to a construction method for an upright lightweight foam concrete embankment in complex and steep terrains, comprising the following steps: installing a fully filled upright lightweight foam concrete embankment system, a semi-fill and semi-excavate lightweight embankment system or a fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system; installing a rapid temporary support system for the inner slope of the semi-fill and semi-excavate section against the mountain. First, anti-slip steel pipe piles are constructed within the concrete retaining wall, then a light steel grid is constructed and the toe of the slope is hardened, and the mountain body is connected through detachable prestressed anchor rods. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the fully filled upright lightweight foam concrete embankment system is convenient for construction, simple to operate and has a reasonable stress form; the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system has made a technological innovation in the combined drainage method for the stepped interface, improving the construction efficiency of drainage and ensuring the construction quality; by using a light steel grid and detachable prestressed anchor rods for temporary support of the slope, the potential safety hazards during construction are reduced and the construction safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of highway bridges, and particularly relates to a construction method for an upright foam concrete lightweight embankment in complex and steep terrains. Background Art

[0002] Foamed lightweight soil, also known as bubble-mixed lightweight soil or foamed concrete, is a lightweight material with a large number of pores inside obtained by physically preparing a foam group from a foaming agent and mixing it with cement, water, admixtures, and additives to form a cement-based slurry, mixing and stirring at a certain ratio, pouring and molding, and hardening. It has the characteristics of light weight, adjustable density and strength, high fluidity, uprightness, and convenient construction. For the purpose of reducing load or earth pressure, it is used to replace fill soil and can be widely used in highway and railway engineering fields such as abutment filling, road expansion, filling of steep mountain sections, and replacement of subgrade at the bridgehead of old roads. It can also be used for load reduction of soil covering large-span underground structures, filling of cavities and narrow spaces, and has unique technical and economic advantages.

[0003] However, there are many problems in the current construction of foam concrete lightweight embankments. On the one hand, a retaining wall is a structure used to support the embankment fill or hillside soil mass and prevent its deformation and instability. The retaining wall at the embankment slope is called an embankment retaining wall. When diseases such as insufficient bearing capacity of the retaining wall and poor overall stability of the embankment occur, it is necessary to reinforce the embankment retaining wall to avoid major disasters. However, there are some drawbacks in the existing retaining wall reinforcement methods. On the other hand, the revegetation of rocky slopes after open-pit mining or engineering excavation requires a relatively high cost of manpower and expenses. Moreover, no matter what revegetation technology or means are used, the problem of sufficient and continuous water supply required for revegetation must be solved. From many current cases of rocky slope revegetation, it is precisely because of the lack of continuous water supply that various plants wither and the revegetation plan ultimately fails.

[0004] In view of the upright foam concrete lightweight embankment and construction in complex and steep terrains, there is an urgent need to propose a construction method that can improve construction efficiency while ensuring project quality and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a construction method for an upright foam concrete lightweight embankment in complex and steep terrains.

[0006] This kind of vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment for complex and steep terrain. The embankment includes a fully filled vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment system, a semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system, or a fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system. All three embankment systems include an upper structure, a retaining and strengthening structure, and a foundation structure. The foundation structure is anchored to the soil below the road surface line. The retaining and strengthening structure is arranged on both sides of the embankment, and the upper structure is arranged on the top of the embankment. At the bottom of the downhill side of the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system, a concrete gravity retaining wall is provided. On the uphill - facing side of the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system, a stepped surface is provided.

[0007] It also includes a semi - filled and semi - excavated rapid temporary support system for the inner slope against the mountain and a rapid greening system for the combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind the vertical retaining wall board on the outside. The semi - filled and semi - excavated rapid temporary support system for the inner slope against the mountain is arranged on the mountain side.

[0008] Preferably, the foundation structure includes base anchors, gravel cushions, concrete bottom slabs, anti - seepage geomembranes, and PVC drain pipes; the retaining and strengthening structure includes angle steel columns, precast baffles, and steel wire meshes; the upper structure includes a leveling layer, a roadbed and pavement, and a crash barrier.

[0009] Preferably, the foundation structure of the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system includes a concrete bottom slab, base anchors, and a gravel cushion. A concrete gravity retaining wall is provided on the side of the gravel cushion. Multiple layers of steel wire meshes are arranged inside the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system. Precast baffles and angle steel columns are arranged on both sides of the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system. At the uphill of the road surface line, a pile - type drainage retaining wall, a drainage ditch, and a waterproof membrane are provided.

[0010] Preferably, the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system includes a concrete bottom slab, base anchors, and a gravel cushion. The side connecting the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system and the road surface line is a stepped surface. Multiple layers of steel wire meshes are arranged inside the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system. Precast baffles and angle steel columns are arranged on both sides of the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system. A longitudinal drainage open ditch is provided above the road surface line. A stepped surface anti - seepage membrane is provided on the stepped surface below the road surface line. Below the stepped surface anti - seepage membrane, a longitudinal drainage blind ditch and a transverse drain pipe are arranged along the stepped surface.

[0011] Preferably, the semi - filled and semi - excavated rapid temporary support system for the inner slope against the mountain includes a support system and an anti - sliding system. The support system includes slope - foot hardening, a light steel grid, grid supports, steel sleeves, and detachable prestressed anchor bolts; the anti - sliding system includes anti - sliding steel pipe piles, and the anti - sliding steel pipe piles are arranged in reinforced concrete beams and concrete retaining walls.

[0012] Preferably, the rapid greening system for the combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind the vertical retaining wall board on the outside includes a vertical retaining wall board, a recyclable protective layer, soil - retaining bags, drain pipes, filter layers, gravel cushions, an upper green vegetation planting area, and a water - collecting channel. A sealed channel cover and an open channel cover are provided on the water - collecting channel.

[0013] The construction method of the vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment on such complex and steep terrain includes the following construction steps:

[0014] S1. Install the fully filled vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment system, the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system, or the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system;

[0015] S2. Install the rapid temporary support system for the semi - filled and semi - excavated inner slope against the mountain. First, construct anti - slide steel pipe piles in the concrete retaining wall, then construct a light steel grid and harden the toe of the slope, and connect the mountain through detachable prestressed anchor rods.

[0016] S3. Install the rapid greening system of the combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind the outer side of the vertical retaining wall board, including constructing a sealed channel cover and an open channel cover on the upper part of the water collection channel in advance, and constructing a drain pipe and a filter layer on the lower part.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the detachable prestressed anchor rod is anchored in the mountain body. First, construct a reinforced concrete beam on the top of the concrete retaining wall, construct anti - slide steel pipe piles in the reinforced concrete beam and the concrete retaining wall, then construct a light steel grid and grid supports on the top of the concrete retaining wall, and harden the toe of the slope. Finally, connect the reinforced concrete beam with the detachable prestressed anchor rod through a steel casing, and the other side of the detachable prestressed anchor rod is connected to the mountain body.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, a sand - gravel cushion layer is laid at the bottom of the rapid greening system of the combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind the outer side of the vertical retaining wall board. After the drain pipe and the filter layer are constructed, an upper green vegetation planting area is constructed on the sand - gravel cushion layer. Vertical retaining wall boards, recyclable surface layers, and soil retaining bags are provided on both sides of the upper green vegetation planting area.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1) The present invention proposes a fully filled vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment system, which is convenient for construction, simple to operate, has a reasonable stress form, and has good technical and economic benefits.

[0021] 2) The present invention proposes a fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system, which has made technological innovations for the stepped interface, sets drain pipes to form a combined drainage method, improves the construction efficiency of drainage, and ensures the construction quality.

[0022] 3) The present invention proposes a rapid temporary support system for the semi - filled and semi - excavated inner slope against the mountain. The slope is temporarily supported by using a light steel grid and detachable prestressed anchor rods, reducing the potential safety hazards during construction and ensuring construction safety.

[0023] 4) The present invention proposes a rapid greening system with a rear-mounted storage and drainage system on the outer side of a vertical wall panel combined with a cantilevered planting platform, which can automatically collect and dredge rainwater to a certain extent, and supply water to the green planting area, effectively improving the utilization rate of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a full-fill vertical foam concrete lightweight embankment;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a semi-filled and semi-excavated lightweight embankment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a full cut and full fill lightweight embankment;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the half-fill and half-cut quick temporary support for the inner side slope of the mountain;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a detachable prestressed anchor rod;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a plan view of the rapid greening system of the rear-mounted storage and drainage system on the outside of the upright wainscot combined with the cantilevered planting platform;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional diagram of a rapid regreening system with rear-mounted storage and drainage on the outside of a vertical wall panel combined with a cantilevered planting platform.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 base anchor rod, 2 crushed stone cushion layer, 3 concrete bottom plate, 4 PVC drainage pipe, 5 anti-seepage geomembrane, 6 steel mesh, 7 prefabricated baffle plate, 8 angle steel pillar, 9 anti-collision guardrail, 10 roadbed and pavement, 11 leveling layer, 12 concrete counterweight retaining wall, 13 pavement line, 14 drainage ditch, 15 waterproof membrane, 16 pile-plate drainage retaining wall, 17 longitudinal drainage open ditch, 18 longitudinal drainage blind ditch, 19 transverse drainage pipe, 20 step surface, 21 step surface anti-seepage membrane, 22 mountain, 23 detachable prestressed anchor rod, 24 slope foot hardening, 25 light steel grid, 26 reinforced concrete beam, 27 anti-slip steel pipe pile, 28 concrete retaining wall, 29 steel casing, 30 grid support, 31 upright wainscot, 32 sealed channel cover, 33 Open channel cover, 34 retaining bag, 35 recyclable surface layer, 36 filter layer, 37 drainage pipe, 38 water collection channel, 39 gravel cushion layer, 40 upper green vegetation planting area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only for helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] As an embodiment, as Figures 1 to 7 shown, for the vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment in complex and steep terrain, the embankment includes a fully filled vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment system, a semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system or a fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system.

[0035] All three embankments include an upper structure, a retaining and strengthening structure, and a foundation structure. The foundation structure is anchored to the soil body below the road surface line 13. The retaining and strengthening structure is arranged on both sides of the embankment, and the upper structure is arranged on the top of the embankment.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, a concrete gravity retaining wall 12 is provided at the bottom of the downhill side of the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system. As Figure 3 shown, a stepped surface 20 is provided on the uphill - facing side of the fully excavated and fully filled lightweight embankment system.

[0037] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the foundation structure includes a base anchor rod 1, a gravel cushion layer 2, a concrete bottom slab 3, an anti - seepage geomembrane 5, and a PVC drain pipe 4; the retaining and strengthening structure includes an angle steel support column 8, a precast baffle 7, and a steel mesh 6; the upper structure includes a leveling layer 11, a roadbed and pavement 10, and a crash barrier 9.

[0038] It further includes a semi - filled and semi - excavated fast temporary support system for the inner slope of the mountain and a fast revegetation system for the combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind the outer vertical retaining wall board. The semi - filled and semi - excavated fast temporary support system for the inner slope of the mountain is arranged on the side of the mountain body 22.

[0039] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the fast revegetation system for the combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind the outer vertical retaining wall board includes a vertical retaining wall board 31, a recyclable surface layer 35, a soil retaining bag 34, a drain pipe 37, a filter layer 36, a sand and gravel cushion layer 39, an upper green vegetation planting area 40, and a water collection channel 38. A sealed channel cover 32 and an open channel cover 33 are provided on the water collection channel 38.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] As another embodiment, this Embodiment 2 is proposed on the basis of Embodiment 1, a more specific vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment in complex and steep terrain:

[0042] As Figure 2 shown, the foundation structure of the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system includes a concrete bottom slab 3, a base anchor rod 1, and a gravel cushion layer 2. A concrete gravity retaining wall 12 is provided on the side of the gravel cushion layer 2; multiple layers of steel wire meshes 6 are arranged inside the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system, and precast baffle plates 7 and angle steel columns 8 are arranged on both sides of the semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system, which play a role in enhancing the overall mechanical properties.

[0043] At the uphill of the road surface line 13, there are a pile - plate drainage retaining wall 16, a drainage ditch 14, and a waterproof membrane 15.

[0044] As Figure 3 shown, the fully - excavated and fully - filled lightweight embankment system includes a concrete bottom slab 3, a base anchor rod 1, and a gravel cushion layer 2. The side surface where the fully - excavated and fully - filled lightweight embankment system is connected to the road surface line 13 is a stepped surface 20. Multiple layers of steel wire meshes 6 are arranged inside the fully - excavated and fully - filled lightweight embankment system, and precast baffle plates 7 and angle steel columns 8 are arranged on both sides of the fully - excavated and fully - filled lightweight embankment system, which play a role in enhancing the overall mechanical properties. Above the road surface line 13, there is a longitudinal drainage open ditch 17. On the stepped surface 20 below the road surface line 13, there is a stepped surface anti - seepage membrane 21. Below the stepped surface anti - seepage membrane 21, a longitudinal drainage blind ditch 18 and a transverse drainage pipe 19 are arranged along the stepped surface 20, which play a role in combined drainage.

[0045] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the rapid temporary support system for the inner slope of the semi - filled and semi - excavated mountain includes a support system and an anti - slide system. The support system includes a hardened slope toe 24, a light steel grid 25, a grid support 30, a steel casing 29, and a detachable prestressed anchor rod 23; the anti - slide system includes an anti - slide steel pipe pile 27, and the anti - slide steel pipe pile 27 is arranged in a reinforced concrete beam 26 and a concrete retaining wall 28.

[0046] It should be noted that the parts that are the same or similar to those in Embodiment 1 in this embodiment can be referred to each other and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0047] Embodiment 3

[0048] As another embodiment, this Embodiment 3 is proposed based on Embodiments 1 and 2. The construction method of the vertical - type foamed concrete lightweight embankment on complex and steep terrain includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Install the fully - filled vertical - type foamed concrete lightweight embankment system, including pre - constructing the base anchor rod 1 and the anti - seepage geomembrane 5 on the gravel cushion layer 2 and the concrete bottom slab 3; then install the angle steel column 8, the precast baffle plate 7, several layers of steel wire meshes 6, and the PVC drainage pipe 4; finally, construct the roadbed and road surface 10 and the anti - collision guardrail 9 on the leveling layer 11.

[0050] Install a semi - filled and semi - excavated lightweight embankment system, which includes pre - constructing base anchor rods 1 on a gravel cushion layer 2 and a concrete base plate 3, and setting up a concrete counterweight retaining wall 12 beside the gravel cushion layer 2. Subsequently, install angle steel struts 8, precast baffles 7, and several layers of steel wire meshes 6 to improve the integrity and crack resistance of the lightweight embankment. Finally, construct a drainage ditch 14 and a waterproof membrane 15 at the uphill of the road surface line 13, and install a plate - type drainage retaining wall 16 on the left side of the drainage ditch 14.

[0051] Install a fully - excavated and fully - filled lightweight embankment system, which includes pre - constructing base anchor rods 1 on a gravel cushion layer 2 and a concrete base plate 3. Subsequently, install angle steel struts 8, precast baffles 7, and several layers of steel wire meshes 6 to improve the integrity and crack resistance of the lightweight embankment. Then construct a longitudinal open drainage ditch 17 on the road surface line 13, and at the same time, pre - lay a step surface anti - seepage membrane 21 on the step surface 20, and construct a longitudinal drainage blind ditch 18 and a transverse drainage pipe 19 under the lower side of the step surface, so as to achieve the effect of multiple combined drainage.

[0052] S2. Install a rapid temporary support system for the semi - filled and semi - excavated inner slope of the mountain. First, construct anti - slide steel pipe piles 27 in a reinforced concrete beam 26 and a concrete retaining wall 28. Subsequently, construct a light steel grid 25, grid supports 30, and harden the toe of the slope 24. Finally, connect the reinforced concrete beam 26 with a detachable prestressed anchor rod 23 through a steel casing 29, and the other side of the detachable prestressed anchor rod 23 is connected to the mountain body 22.

[0053] S3. Install a rapid greening system for a combined storage and drainage cantilever planting platform behind an upright retaining wall board, which includes pre - constructing a sealed channel cover 32 and an open channel cover 33 on the upper part of a water collection channel 38, and constructing a drainage pipe 37 and a filter layer 36 on the lower part. Subsequently, construct an upper green vegetation planting area 40 on a sand - gravel cushion layer 39, and there are upright retaining wall boards 31, recyclable protective layers 35, and retaining soil bags 34 on both sides of the upper green vegetation planting area 40.

[0054] It should be noted that the same or similar parts in this embodiment and Embodiments 1 and 2 can be referred to each other, and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0055] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

Claims

1. A vertical foam concrete lightweight embankment for complex and steep terrain, characterized in that: The embankment includes a full-fill vertical foam concrete lightweight embankment system, a half-fill and half-cut lightweight embankment system or a full-cut and full-fill lightweight embankment system. All three embankment systems include a superstructure, a retaining and strengthening structure and a foundation structure. The foundation structure and the soil below the road surface line are anchored, the retaining and strengthening structures are arranged on both sides of the embankment, and the superstructure is arranged on the top of the embankment. The bottom of the downslope side of the half-fill and half-cut lightweight embankment system is provided with a concrete counterweight retaining wall, and the side of the full-cut and full-fill lightweight embankment system facing uphill is provided with a step surface; It also includes a quick temporary support system for the inner side slope of the half-filled and half-excavated mountain and a quick greening system for the outer rear storage and drainage combined with a cantilevered planting platform on the vertical wainscot. The quick temporary support system for the inner side slope of the half-filled and half-excavated mountain is set on the side of the mountain; The foundation structure of the semi-filled and semi-excavated lightweight embankment system includes a concrete base plate, a base anchor rod and a crushed stone cushion layer, and a concrete counterweight retaining wall is arranged on the side of the crushed stone cushion layer; a multi-layer steel mesh is arranged in the semi-filled and semi-excavated lightweight embankment system, and prefabricated retaining plates and angle steel pillars are arranged on both sides of the semi-filled and semi-excavated lightweight embankment system, and a pile-plate drainage retaining wall, a drainage ditch and a waterproof membrane are arranged on the uphill part of the road surface line; The full-cut and full-fill lightweight embankment system includes a concrete base plate, base anchor rods and crushed stone cushion layer. The side where the full-cut and full-fill lightweight embankment system is connected to the road surface line is a step surface. A multi-layer steel mesh is arranged in the full-cut and full-fill lightweight embankment system. Prefabricated baffles and angle steel pillars are arranged on both sides of the full-cut and full-fill lightweight embankment system. A longitudinal drainage ditch is arranged above the road surface line, and a step surface anti-seepage membrane is arranged on the step surface below the road surface line. A longitudinal drainage blind ditch and a transverse drainage pipe are arranged along the step surface below the step surface anti-seepage membrane; a quick temporary support body for the inner side slope of the half-fill and half-cut mountain The system includes a support system and an anti-slip system. The support system includes slope foot hardening, light steel grid, grid support, steel casing and detachable prestressed anchor rods; the anti-slip system includes anti-slip steel pipe piles, which are arranged in reinforced concrete beams and concrete retaining walls; the rapid greening system of the rear-mounted storage and drainage outside the vertical wall panel combined with the cantilevered planting platform includes a vertical wall panel, a recyclable surface layer, a retaining bag, a drainage pipe, a filter layer, a sand and gravel cushion layer, an upper green vegetation planting area and a water collection channel, and the water collection channel is provided with a sealed channel cover and an open channel cover.

2. The complex steep terrain vertical foam concrete lightweight embankment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foundation structure includes base anchor rods, crushed stone cushion layer, concrete base plate, anti-seepage geomembrane and PVC drainage pipe; the retaining and strengthening structure includes angle steel pillars, prefabricated baffles and steel mesh; the superstructure includes a leveling layer, roadbed pavement and anti-collision guardrail.

3. The construction method of a vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment on a complex steep terrain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The construction steps include: S1. Install a full-fill vertical foam concrete lightweight embankment system, a half-fill and half-excavation lightweight embankment system, or a full-excavation and full-fill lightweight embankment system; S2. Install the quick temporary support system for the inner side slope of the half-fill and half-cut mountain. First, install anti-slip steel pipe piles in the concrete retaining wall, then install light steel grids and harden the slope foot, and connect the mountain with detachable prestressed anchor rods; S3. Install a rapid greening system with a rear-mounted water storage and drainage system on the outside of a vertical wall panel combined with a cantilevered planting platform, including pre-installing sealed channel covers and open channel covers on the upper part of the water collection channel, and installing drainage pipes and filter layers on the lower part.

4. The construction method of a vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment on complex steep terrain according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S2, the detachable prestressed anchor rod is anchored in the mountain. First, a reinforced concrete beam is constructed on the top of the concrete retaining wall, and anti-slip steel pipe piles are constructed in the reinforced concrete beam and the concrete retaining wall. Then, a light steel grid and grid support are constructed on the top of the concrete retaining wall, and the slope foot is hardened. Finally, the reinforced concrete beam is connected to the detachable prestressed anchor rod through a steel casing, and the other side of the detachable prestressed anchor rod is connected to the mountain.

5. The construction method of a vertical foamed concrete lightweight embankment on a complex steep terrain according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S3, a gravel cushion layer is laid at the bottom of the rapid greening system of the rear-mounted storage and drainage combined with the cantilevered planting platform outside the upright wall panel. After the drainage pipe and the filter layer are constructed, the upper green vegetation planting area is constructed on the gravel cushion layer. Upright wall panels, recyclable surface protective layers and retaining bags are provided on both sides of the upper green vegetation planting area.

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