A self-draining dynamic compaction device and treatment method for wet and soft soil foundation

Abstract

This invention provides a self-draining dynamic compaction device and method for soft soil foundations, relating to the field of foundation treatment technology. The device includes a tamping hammer and a lifting device for lifting the hammer. The self-draining dynamic compaction method and device utilize the gravitational potential energy conversion of the tamping hammer by the lifting device, allowing the filter plate to apply initial impact energy to the construction area. Subsequently, the brake rod guides the cleaning plate to perfectly align with the filter holes of the tamping assembly, implementing a second targeted and precise dynamic compaction operation. This not only strengthens the local reinforcement of the foundation but also simultaneously activates the filter hole drainage mechanism, ensuring effective drainage of pore water. Finally, under the synergistic effect of the lifting device and its own weight, the tamping hammer applies a third planar depth tamping. Through these three strategically progressive tamping operations, not only is the depth and uniformity of the foundation reinforcement treatment ensured, but the stability of the foundation and construction efficiency are also greatly enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation treatment technology, and in particular to a self-draining dynamic compaction device and treatment method for wet and soft soil foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet and soft soil foundations is a type of mechanical equipment specifically designed for reinforcing weak foundations with high water content and low bearing capacity. Currently, there are many methods used in foundation treatment. Commonly used methods for wet and soft soil foundations include replacement, dynamic compaction, pile method, drainage consolidation, and dynamic drainage consolidation.

[0003] Existing self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for soft soil foundations utilizes a system where, during hammer impact, pore water seeping from the compaction pit passes through permeable holes in the impact plate and collects in a water storage chamber formed by the impact plate and protective cylinder to prevent leakage. An anti-backflow structure is also in place. Simultaneously, a piston, propelled by the water intake pipe, slides away from the impact plate within the water storage tank, venting air from the upper cavity of the tank through an external drainage mechanism to create negative pressure. When the hammer is lifted, the deformation force of the elastic reset element drives the piston to slide within the water storage tank, allowing the pore water accumulated in the storage chamber to be drawn into the tank through the water intake holes on the water intake pipe under the negative pressure. After the hammer impacts again, the pore water in the tank is squeezed out by the piston and effectively discharged through the external drainage mechanism, achieving... The system employs a continuous pumping and drainage mechanism to address the pore water seeping during dynamic compaction, achieving automatic drainage and significantly improving construction efficiency and quality. By adjusting the length of the water level cylinder, the water level in the storage chamber can be controlled to maximize the storage of pore water. Furthermore, the installation of a conical soft rubber sleeve within the water level cylinder further optimizes water level control, ensuring sufficient pore water storage even without requiring a specific height for the water level cylinder. During the hammer's drop and lift phases, the protruding post on the control rod slides reciprocally within the spiral grooves of the cleaning plate, enabling the cleaning block to scrape against the filter holes and achieve automatic cleaning of the filter holes on the filter plate during dynamic compaction.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned cleaning plate implementation operation, although the self-draining dynamic compaction equipment realizes the function of automatically cleaning the filter holes through the design of the cleaning block and filter holes to ensure unobstructed drainage, in actual operation, the spiral sliding method of the cleaning plate and filter holes may cause the soil in certain specific locations in the construction area to fail to be effectively compacted, especially the area directly below the filter holes. This deficiency may cause uneven local strength of the foundation and affect the overall reinforcement effect.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new method for treating wet and soft soil foundations with self-draining dynamic compaction and a self-draining dynamic compaction device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problem that the spiral sliding mechanism between the cleaning plate and the filter holes results in some areas of the soil not being effectively compacted, especially the area directly below the filter holes, which may cause uneven local strength of the foundation and affect the overall reinforcement effect, this invention provides a self-draining dynamic compaction device and treatment method for wet and soft soil foundations.

[0007] The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet and soft soil foundations provided in the first aspect of this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A self-draining dynamic compaction device for wet soft soil foundation includes a tamping hammer and a lifting device for lifting the tamping hammer;

[0009] The bottom of the tamping hammer is rotatably connected to multiple sets of brake rods. One set of brake rods is arranged sequentially from the center of the tamping hammer outwards. The brake rods are provided with a spiral groove one, a vertical sliding groove and a spiral groove two from top to bottom along the vertical direction. The spiral groove one and the vertical sliding groove are connected. A set of brake rods is threadedly connected to a threaded sliding sleeve at the position of the spiral groove two. A sliding torque groove is provided through the middle of the threaded sliding sleeve.

[0010] The top of the tamping assembly is connected to the bottom of the hammer through multiple elastic reset members, and the tamping assembly extends upward and surrounds the outer bottom of the hammer. Multiple filter holes are opened at the bottom of the tamping assembly, and a flow guide cavity is provided inside the tamping assembly. The second spiral groove of the brake rod is located in the flow guide cavity. Multiple limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the tamping assembly in the flow guide cavity. Multiple annular cylinders are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping assembly outside the brake rod position, and the annular cylinders are connected to the flow guide cavity. A semi-circular slider that matches the first spiral groove and the vertical slide groove is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side wall of the annular cylinder.

[0011] The cleaning plate is slidably connected to the flow guide cavity of the tamping assembly. Multiple cleaning blocks adapted to the filter holes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cleaning plate. Multiple bearing bases are fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning plate. The bearing bases are provided with bearing grooves adapted to the threaded sliding sleeves. A load transfer bracket is fixedly connected to the bearing base at the middle position of the bearing groove. The cross-sectional dimensions of the load transfer bracket are adapted to the sliding torque groove of the threaded sliding sleeve. Elastic elements are provided between the two ends of the bottom of the load transfer bracket and the limiting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the ram is provided with multiple water storage tanks, and a drain pipe is provided at the top of the ram where the water storage tanks are located. A one-way valve is provided on the drain pipe. A lifting ring is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the ram for easy connection with the lifting device. Multiple load transfer columns are fixedly connected to the bottom of the ram, and load transfer ribs are fixedly connected to the multiple load transfer columns. The load transfer ribs are located at the intersection of the water storage tanks and the elastic reset member.

[0013] Furthermore, the tamping assembly includes a tamping plate, a protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tamping plate, the protective cylinder extends upward and slides to the bottom of the outer side of the hammer, multiple bearing cylinders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tamping plate, multiple sliding holes are opened on the cleaning plate, the bearing cylinders are placed in the sliding holes of the cleaning plate, a filter plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the multiple bearing cylinders, multiple filter holes are opened on the filter plate, a countersunk bolt is provided in the middle of the filter plate to fix the filter plate to the tamping plate, a flow guide cavity is formed between the filter plate and the tamping plate, multiple limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tamping plate, multiple annular cylinders are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate, and the multiple annular cylinders penetrate the tamping plate and communicate with the flow guide cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, a water level cylinder is provided on the top of the tamping plate. The vertical height of the water level cylinder is lower than that of the annular cylinder. A conical soft rubber sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water level cylinder. The upper and lower ends of the conical soft rubber sleeve are open, and the end with the smaller cross-section of the conical soft rubber sleeve faces upward.

[0015] Furthermore, a hollow water-drawing pipe is fixedly connected to the ramming plate. The bottom of the water-drawing pipe has a trapezoidal cross-section and multiple water-drawing holes are provided on the water-drawing pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the water-drawing pipe extends into the water storage tank of the ramming hammer and is equipped with a one-way valve, and a piston is fixedly connected to the water-drawing pipe at the position inside the water storage tank, the piston being able to fit into the water storage tank.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of load transfer columns are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate, and load transfer ribs are fixedly connected to the plurality of load transfer columns. The load transfer ribs are arranged at the intersection of the annular cylinder, the water level cylinder, and the water intake pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the second load transfer rib and the top of the multiple second load transfer pillars can be attached to the bottom of the first load transfer rib and the multiple first load transfer pillars.

[0019] Furthermore, the elastic reset component includes a telescopic cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate and a telescopic rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the hammer. Springs are provided on the outer sides of the telescopic cylinder and the telescopic rod, and the upper and lower ends of the springs are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate and the bottom of the hammer, respectively.

[0020] The second aspect of this application provides a self-draining dynamic compaction method for treating wet and soft soil foundations, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0021] A method for treating wet and soft soil foundations using self-draining dynamic compaction equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S01, Roadbed clearing: Remove surface water and clear debris from the construction area;

[0023] S02, Roadbed leveling: Backfill the construction area with sand and gravel, and perform preliminary compaction and leveling;

[0024] S03. Equipment entry: Move the lifting device to the construction area, attach the lifting ring of the ram to the lifting device, and guide the outlet of the drain pipe to outside the construction area.

[0025] S04. Dynamic compaction treatment: The lifting device raises the hammer and allows it to fall freely to perform dynamic compaction on the soft soil foundation. After the hammer lands, the bottom filter plate and the cleaning block are on the same plane due to the impact. Then the hammer is raised again, and the cleaning block is separated from the filter holes of the filter plate. After dynamic compaction, the water is drawn into the water storage tank through the filter holes and discharged to the outside of the construction area by the drainage pipe.

[0026] S05. Roadbed backfilling: After the road surface has been compacted, a coarse sand cushion layer, gravel, and sand and gravel are laid in sequence and compacted.

[0027] Compared with related technologies, the self-draining dynamic compaction method and equipment for treating wet and soft soil foundations provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. This self-draining dynamic compaction method and equipment for treating soft soil foundations utilizes the gravitational potential energy conversion of the hammer by the lifting device, allowing the filter plate to apply initial impact energy to the construction area. Subsequently, the brake rod guides the cleaning plate to perfectly fit the filter holes of the compaction assembly, implementing a second targeted and precise positioning dynamic compaction operation. This not only strengthens the local reinforcement of the foundation but also simultaneously activates the filter hole drainage mechanism to ensure effective drainage of pore water. Finally, under the synergistic effect of the lifting device and its own weight, the hammer applies a third planar depth compaction. Through three strategically progressive compaction operations, the depth and uniformity of the foundation reinforcement treatment are ensured, and the stability and construction efficiency of the foundation are greatly enhanced. This method demonstrates significant advantages in addressing the challenges of foundation treatment under complex geological conditions, effectively improving the safety and economic efficiency of the project.

[0029] 2. The self-draining dynamic compaction treatment method and equipment for soft soil foundation effectively cleans and drains the water and fine particles accumulated in the foundation pores by matching the cleaning block with the filter hole, avoiding the weakening of the compaction strength by water, and ensuring that each compaction blow can achieve maximum efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet and soft soil foundation provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the hammer and protective cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the tamping hammer, tamping assembly, and cleaning plate provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure.

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the tamping hammer, tamping assembly, and cleaning plate provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the tamping hammer, tamping assembly, and cleaning plate provided by the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure.

[0038] Figure 9 Another structural schematic diagram of the ram provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tamping assembly provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning plate provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure.

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threaded sliding sleeve provided by the present invention.

[0044] The diagram labels are as follows: 1. Lifting device; 2. Hammer; 3. Brake lever; 4. Spiral groove one; 5. Vertical slide groove; 6. Spiral groove two; 7. Drain pipe; 8. One-way valve one; 9. Load transfer column one; 10. Load transfer rib one; 11. Hammering plate; 12. Flow guide cavity; 13. Limiting block; 14. Protective cylinder; 15. Bearing cylinder; 16. Filter plate; 17. Filter hole; 18. Water level cylinder; 19. Conical soft rubber sleeve; 20. Load transfer column two; 21. Load transfer rib two; 22. Water intake pipe; 23. Piston; 24. One-way valve two; 25. Telescopic cylinder; 26. Telescopic rod; 27. Spring; 28. Annular cylinder; 29. ​​Semi-circular slider; 30. Cleaning plate; 31. Cleaning block; 32. Bearing base; 33. Bearing groove; 34. Load transfer bracket; 35. Elastic component; 36. Threaded sliding sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 as well as Figure 14 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet and soft soil foundation provided by the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the hammer and protective cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the tamping hammer, tamping assembly, and cleaning plate provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure.

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the tamping hammer, tamping assembly, and cleaning plate provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the state structure of the tamping hammer, tamping assembly, and cleaning plate provided by the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure. Figure 9 Another structural schematic diagram of the ramming hammer provided by the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tamping assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning plate provided by the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows another perspective of the structure. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threaded sliding sleeve provided by the present invention.

[0049] This application discloses a self-draining dynamic compaction device for treating soft soil foundations, such as... Figures 1 to 14 As shown, a self-draining dynamic compaction device for wet soft soil foundation includes a tamping hammer 2 and a lifting device 1 for lifting the tamping hammer 2, wherein the lifting device 1 is a crane.

[0050] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 9 As shown, the bottom of the tamping hammer 2 is rotatably connected to multiple sets of brake rods 3. Each set of brake rods 3 is arranged sequentially from the center of the tamping hammer 2 outwards. The brake rods 3 are provided with a spiral groove 4, a vertical slide groove 5, and a spiral groove 6 from top to bottom along the vertical direction. The spiral grooves 4 and 6 are arranged equidistantly in an axial spiral, and the spiral groove 4 is connected to the vertical slide groove 5. A threaded sleeve 36 is threadedly connected to the position of the spiral groove 6. A sliding torque groove is provided through the middle of the threaded sleeve 36. Multiple water storage tanks are provided through the tamping hammer 2. A drain pipe 7 is provided at the top of the tamping hammer 2 at the position of the water storage tank. A one-way valve 8 is provided on the drain pipe 7. A lifting ring is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the tamping hammer 2 for easy connection with the lifting device 1. Multiple load transfer columns 9 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tamping hammer 2. Load transfer ribs 10 are fixedly connected to the multiple load transfer columns 9. The load transfer ribs 10 are located at the intersection of the water storage tank and the elastic reset member.

[0051] The above scheme should be understood to mean that each set of brake rods 3 is arranged radially from the center outwards, extending outwards from the center of the hammer 2. This not only helps the structure to bear uniform stress, but also helps to concentrate and drain pore water.

[0052] The combination of the spiral groove 4 and the vertical slide groove 5 of the brake lever 3, and the combination of the spiral groove 6 and the threaded slide sleeve 36 below, form an efficient fluid transmission channel. The sliding torque groove design of the threaded slide sleeve 36 allows it to move up and down along the brake lever 3 when the hammer 2 moves, realizing dynamic adjustment and drainage functions.

[0053] The tamping hammer 2 is equipped with multiple water storage tanks, which can temporarily hold the pore water generated after tamping. The water is then discharged through the drain pipe 7 located at the top. The drain pipe 7 is equipped with a one-way valve 8 to ensure that the water only flows out and does not flow back, effectively preventing water backflow and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of drainage.

[0054] The lifting ring design at the top of the tamping hammer 2 facilitates direct connection with the lifting device 1, simplifying the lifting operation and improving the convenience and safety of the operation. The layout of the load transfer column 9 and load transfer rib 10 at the bottom of the tamping hammer 2 not only strengthens the overall structural strength of the tamping hammer 2, but also ensures the stability and efficiency of energy transfer during the tamping process, especially when the elastic reset component deforms. The staggered arrangement of the load transfer structure can evenly disperse the huge impact force from the tamping, prevent damage caused by local stress concentration, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0055] In summary, the precise cooperation between the brake lever 3 and the threaded sleeve 36 enables automatic collection and discharge of pore water. At the same time, the optimized load transfer structure design improves the stability and durability of the equipment, enabling the self-draining dynamic compaction equipment to complete the operation more efficiently and safely when dealing with soft soil foundations, reducing the need for manual intervention and improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0056] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11As shown, the top of the tamping assembly is connected to the bottom of the hammer 2 via multiple elastic reset members, and the tamping assembly extends upward and surrounds the outer bottom of the hammer 2. Multiple filter holes 17 are provided at the bottom of the tamping assembly. A flow guide cavity 12 is provided inside the tamping assembly. The spiral groove 6 of the brake rod 3 is located within the flow guide cavity 12. Multiple limiting blocks 13 are fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the tamping assembly within the flow guide cavity 12. Multiple annular cylinders 28 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the top of the tamping assembly at the position of the brake rod 3, and the annular cylinders 28 communicate with the flow guide cavity 12. The top of the inner side wall of the annular cylinders 28 is fixedly connected to the spiral groove 4 and the vertical sliding groove 5. The matching semi-circular slider 29 and the tamping assembly include a tamping plate 11. A protective cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tamping plate 11. The protective cylinder 14 extends upward and slides to the bottom of the outer side of the hammer 2. Multiple bearing cylinders 15 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tamping plate 11. Multiple sliding holes are provided on the cleaning plate 30. The bearing cylinders 15 are placed in the sliding holes of the cleaning plate 30. Filter plates 16 are slidably connected to the bottom of the multiple bearing cylinders 15. Multiple filter holes 17 are provided on the filter plates 16. Countersunk bolts that can fix the filter plates 16 to the tamping plate 11 are provided at the middle position of the filter plates 16. A flow guide cavity 12 is formed in the filter plates 16 and the tamping plate. Between 11, multiple limiting blocks 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tamping plate 11, and multiple annular cylinders 28 are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate 11. The multiple annular cylinders 28 penetrate the tamping plate 11 and are connected to the guide cavity 12. A water level cylinder 18 is provided on the top of the tamping plate 11. The vertical height of the water level cylinder 18 is lower than the vertical height of the annular cylinders 28. A conical soft rubber sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water level cylinder 18. The upper and lower ends of the conical soft rubber sleeve 19 are open. The end of the conical soft rubber sleeve 19 with a smaller cross-section faces upward. A hollow water intake pipe 22 is also fixedly connected to the tamping plate 11. The bottom of the water intake pipe 22 has a cross-section of... The surface is trapezoidal, and the water pipe 22 has multiple water intake holes. The top of the water pipe 22 extends into the water storage tank of the hammer 2 and is equipped with a one-way valve 24. The piston 23 is fixedly connected to the water pipe 22 inside the water storage tank. The piston 23 can fit into the water storage tank. Multiple load transfer columns 20 are fixedly connected to the top of the hammer plate 11. Load transfer ribs 21 are fixedly connected to the multiple load transfer columns 20. The load transfer ribs 21 are located at the intersection of the annular cylinder 28, the water level cylinder 18 and the water pipe 22. The top of the load transfer ribs 21 and the multiple load transfer columns 20 can fit into the bottom of the load transfer ribs 10 and the multiple load transfer columns 9.

[0057] The filter plate 16 has a chamfer at the filter hole 17 position. The cross-sectional size of the chamfer is increased, which makes the connection between the cleaning block 31 and the filter hole 17 more precise.

[0058] The above scheme should be understood to mean that the tamping component is connected to the bottom of the tamping hammer 2 through the elastic reset member, which not only transmits tamping energy, but also has a certain buffering effect to protect the component from direct impact damage. The filter hole 17 design at the bottom of the tamping component, together with the internal flow guiding cavity 12, can effectively collect and guide the pore water generated in the foundation.

[0059] The combination of the tamping plate 11 and the protective cylinder 14 not only protects the tamping assembly, but also enables the cleaning plate 30 to move flexibly through the structural design of the bearing cylinder 15 and the sliding hole, so as to maintain the cleanliness of the filter hole 17. The multiple filter holes 17 on the filter plate 16 further filter the impurities in the water between the holes 17. The plate is fixed to the tamping plate 11 by countersunk bolts, which ensures the stability and filtration efficiency of the assembly.

[0060] The combination of the water level cylinder 18 and the conical soft rubber sleeve 19, as well as the hollow water intake pipe 22, especially the trapezoidal design at the bottom and the one-way valve 24 at the top, enables the collection of water in the guide cavity 12. The water intake hole is at a low level, which reduces the residual water flow in the guide cavity 12, ensuring the effective suction and discharge of water, and greatly improving the continuity and efficiency of the operation.

[0061] The addition of load transfer column 20 and load transfer rib 21 not only strengthens the structural strength of the ramming plate 11, but also forms a stable load-bearing and force transmission system with the cooperation of load transfer column 9 and load transfer rib 10, effectively dispersing the ramming force, avoiding local stress concentration, and improving the overall durability and stability.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the elastic reset component includes a telescopic cylinder 25 fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate 11 and a telescopic rod 26 fixedly connected to the bottom of the hammer 2. A spring 27 is provided on the outside of the telescopic cylinder 25 and the telescopic rod 26. The upper and lower ends of the spring 27 are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate 11 and the bottom of the hammer 2, respectively.

[0063] As can be understood from the above scheme, the telescopic cylinder 25, fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate 11, can move up and down with the pressure changes during the tamping process, thereby providing the necessary space for adjustment between the tamping plate 11 and the hammer 2 to adapt to different working requirements. The telescopic rod 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hammer 2 to ensure that the vertical movement of the hammer 2 can proceed smoothly. At the same time, it works in conjunction with the telescopic cylinder 25 to jointly bear and mitigate the huge impact force generated during the dynamic compaction operation. The upper and lower ends of the spring 27 are firmly connected to the top of the tamping plate 11 and the bottom of the hammer 2, respectively, forming a closed force feedback loop. When the hammer 2 impacts downward, the spring 27 is compressed, accumulating energy. When the hammer 2 rebounds upward due to the elastic reset element, the spring 27 releases energy, helping the tamping plate 11 to quickly return to its original position. This process not only improves the durability of the equipment but also ensures the continuity and consistency of the tamping action. Through the buffering effect of the spring 27, the huge impact force generated during the tamping process is effectively absorbed, preventing it from being directly transmitted to other fragile parts of the equipment, thereby reducing maintenance costs and extending the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the combination of the telescopic cylinder 25 and the telescopic rod 26, together with the elastic characteristics of the spring 27, makes the entire dynamic compaction process more controllable, which helps to accurately adjust the tamping depth and force, and improves work efficiency and quality.

[0064] It should be noted that when the bottom of load transfer rib 10 and multiple load transfer pillars 9 are in contact with the top of load transfer rib 21 and multiple load transfer pillars 20, the spring 27 does not exceed the deformation limit.

[0065] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, the cleaning plate 30 is slidably connected to the flow guide cavity 12 of the tamping assembly. Multiple cleaning blocks 31 adapted to the filter holes 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cleaning plate 30. Multiple bearing bases 32 are fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning plate 30. Bearing grooves 33 adapted to the threaded sliding sleeves 36 are opened on the bearing bases 32. A load transfer bracket 34 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the bearing base 32 in the bearing grooves 33. The cross-sectional dimensions of the load transfer bracket 34 are adapted to the sliding torque groove of the threaded sliding sleeves 36. Elastic members 35 are provided between the two ends of the bottom of the load transfer bracket 34 and the limiting block 13.

[0066] As can be understood from the above scheme, the cleaning plate 30 is installed in the flow guide cavity 12 by means of sliding connection, and can slide along the flow guide cavity 12 as needed, so that the cleaning plate 30 can flexibly contact and clean the filter hole 17, effectively avoid the filter hole 17 from being blocked, and ensure that the water flows smoothly. The cleaning block 31 fixed at the bottom of the cleaning plate 30 matches the size of the filter hole 17, and more accurately scrapes away the mud, sand and other impurities attached to the filter hole 17, maintaining drainage efficiency.

[0067] The support base 32 on the top of the cleaning plate 30 not only provides a stable suspension point for the cleaning plate 30, but also achieves indirect connection with the threaded sleeve 36 through the precise fit between the support groove 33 and the threaded sleeve 36, ensuring the smoothness and precise control of the cleaning plate 30 during the sliding process.

[0068] The cross-sectional dimensions of the load transfer bracket 34 are precisely matched with the sliding torque groove inside the threaded sleeve 36, ensuring the stability of power transmission and providing a stable guide for the up-and-down movement of the cleaning plate 30. The elastic element 35, which is a spring 27, is set between the bottom ends of the load transfer bracket 34 and the limiting block 13. The elastic element 35 can absorb and disperse energy during the impact of the tamping operation, reduce the vibration directly transmitted to the cleaning plate 30 and the threaded sleeve 36, protect the precision components from damage, and extend the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the rebound characteristics of the elastic element 35 also help to assist the cleaning plate 30 to quickly reset after the tamping stops, preparing for the next round of cleaning operation.

[0069] The above scheme should make it clear that the one-way valve 8 and the conical soft rubber sleeve 19 can effectively prevent the discharged air or pore water from flowing back into the guide cavity 12, thus ensuring the automatic pumping and drainage effect after each dynamic compaction.

[0070] The second aspect of this application provides a self-draining dynamic compaction method for treating wet and soft soil foundations, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0071] This application also discloses a method for treating soft soil foundations with self-draining dynamic compaction, which is implemented using the aforementioned self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for treating soft soil foundations, and includes the following steps:

[0072] S01, Roadbed Clearing: The first task is to thoroughly clean the site, ensure that there is no standing water on the work surface, and remove all ground obstacles and impurities to lay a clean foundation for subsequent construction.

[0073] S02, Roadbed Leveling: The next step is to carry out the foundation leveling project. Carefully backfill the construction area with selected sand and gravel, and carry out the preliminary compaction process to achieve the ideal flatness and density, laying a solid foundation for the strong compaction of the land.

[0074] S03. Equipment entry: Move the lifting device 1 to the construction area, and attach the lifting ring of the tamping hammer 2 to the lifting device 1. Guide the water outlet of the drain pipe 7 to outside the construction area.

[0075] Subsequently, the lifting device 1 was precisely placed in the designated work area to ensure that the tamping hammer 2 was securely mounted. At the same time, the drainage pipe 7 was ensured to be smoothly connected to the outside of the construction area to create conditions for real-time drainage.

[0076] S04. Dynamic compaction treatment: The hoisting device 1 is used to lift the hammer 2, which is then used to forcefully compact the soft soil foundation by free fall. During this process, after the hammer 2 lands, the bottom filter plate 16 and the cleaning block 31 are on the same plane due to the impact. Then the hammer 2 is lifted again, and the cleaning block 31 is separated from the filter hole 17 of the filter plate 16. This allows the water after dynamic compaction to be drawn into the water storage tank through the pores of the filter hole 17 and discharged outside the construction area by the drain pipe 7. This effectively captures and removes pore water in time. The water is collected in the water storage tank and discharged efficiently through the drain pipe 7, ensuring the continuity of construction, without water accumulation, and significantly improving the compaction efficiency and quality.

[0077] S05. Roadbed backfilling: Finally, after the successful completion of the dynamic compaction operation, a coarse sand cushion layer is laid in an orderly manner on the compacted ground, followed by gravel and sand. Through rigorous rolling operations, each layer is ensured to achieve a high degree of compaction, laying a perfect final chapter for the construction of a stable and durable roadbed.

[0078] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In specific implementation, the hammer 2 is lifted by the lifting device 1, and then lowered into the desired construction area. As the hammer 2 descends, the filter plate 16 of the bottom tamping assembly contacts the construction area. The filter plate 16, through the impact force released by the lifting device 1, performs initial compaction on the construction area. This state is as follows: Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the ram 2 then descends from the inside of the protective cylinder 14 towards the construction area due to the impact force of the lifting device 1 and its own weight. This causes the spring 27 of the elastic reset component at the bottom and the telescopic rod 26 to descend synchronously. The spring 27 generates elastic potential energy after being compressed. At the same time, during the descent of the ram 2, it will drive multiple brake rods 3 to descend. During the movement of the brake rod 3, the semi-circular slider 29 inside its annular cylinder 28 will guide the vertical groove 5 of the brake rod 3 vertically, so that the brake rod 3 will not rotate during this movement gap. The spiral groove 6 at the bottom of the brake rod 3, due to its spiral setting and the vertical guidance of the brake rod 3, will drive the threaded sleeve 36 to move down synchronously without rotation, so that the threaded sleeve 36 moves down synchronously. The sliding groove of the sliding sleeve 36 slides on the load transfer bracket 34, simultaneously guiding the vertical movement of the threaded sliding sleeve 36 until it engages with the bearing groove 33 of the bearing base 32. This allows the bearing base 32 and the bottom cleaning plate 30 to descend synchronously. During the descent, the load transfer bracket 34 presses down on the elastic members 35 on both sides of the bearing base 32, generating elastic potential energy. The cleaning block 31 at the bottom of the cleaning plate 30 also slides downward into the filter hole 17 of the filter plate 16, forming a relatively complete plane between the cleaning block 31 and the filter hole 17 of the filter plate 16. This results in a secondary impact on the filter plate 16 at the position of the filter hole 17. At this point, the semi-circular slider 29 is at the critical end of the spiral groove 4 and the vertical sliding groove 5. This state is as follows: Figure 6As shown, as the hammer 2 moves downward, it continuously compresses the spring 27. At this time, the bottom of the load transfer rib 10 and the multiple load transfer columns 9 are in contact with the top of the load transfer rib 21 and the multiple load transfer columns 20, and the impact force is transmitted to the ramming plate 11 through the load transfer rib 21 and the multiple load transfer columns 20. The ramming plate 11 is transmitted to the filter plate 16 through the protective cylinder 14, so that the filter plate 16 performs three strong ramming operations on the construction area. At the same time, the descent of the brake rod 3 causes the semi-circular slider 29 to enter the spiral groove 4. Through the fixation of the semi-circular slider 29 and the rotation of the brake rod 3, the semi-circular slider 29 slides in the spiral groove 4 during the descent of the brake rod 3, causing the brake rod 3 to rotate. The spiral groove 6 of the brake rod 3 can also press the bearing base 32 in a spiral posture during rotation, so that the filter plate 16 and the cleaning block 31 are in a planar posture when performing three strong ramming operations on the construction area. This state is as follows. Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, after the impact force is transmitted to the construction area and released, the elastic potential energy generated by the spring 27 and the elastic element 35 drives the cleaning block 31 to detach from the filter hole 17 of the filter plate 16, so that the water generated in the construction area enters the guide cavity 12 through the filter hole 17, and is then transmitted from the guide cavity 12 to the conical soft rubber sleeve 19 of the top water level cylinder 18. The water is then transmitted through the water intake hole of the water intake pipe 22 to the drain pipe 7 through the one-way valve 24. The drain pipe 7 transmits the water out of the construction area through the one-way valve 8, thus completing the dynamic compaction and drainage of the construction area.

[0079] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or a specific orientational structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0080] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0081] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-draining dynamic compaction device for soft soil foundation, comprising a tamping hammer (2) and a lifting device (1) for lifting the tamping hammer (2), characterized in that, The bottom of the ram (2) is rotatably connected to multiple sets of brake rods (3). One set of brake rods (3) is arranged sequentially from the center of the ram (2) outward. The brake rods (3) are provided with a spiral groove 1 (4), a vertical sliding groove (5) and a spiral groove 2 (6) from top to bottom along the vertical direction. The spiral groove 1 (4) is connected to the vertical sliding groove (5). A set of brake rods (3) is threadedly connected to a threaded sliding sleeve (36) at the position of the spiral groove 2 (6). A sliding torque groove is provided through the middle position of the threaded sliding sleeve (36). The top of the tamping assembly is connected to the bottom of the hammer (2) through multiple elastic reset members, and the tamping assembly extends to the top and surrounds the outer bottom of the hammer (2). Multiple filter holes (17) are opened at the bottom of the tamping assembly. A flow guide cavity (12) is provided inside the tamping assembly. The spiral groove (6) of the brake rod (3) is located in the flow guide cavity (12). Multiple limiting blocks (13) are fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the tamping assembly in the flow guide cavity (12). Multiple annular cylinders (28) are fixedly connected to the outside of the position of the brake rod (3) at the top of the tamping assembly. The annular cylinders (28) are connected to the flow guide cavity (12). A semi-circular slider (29) that is compatible with the spiral groove (4) and the vertical slide groove (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side wall of the annular cylinder (28). The cleaning plate (30) is slidably connected to the flow guide cavity (12) of the tamping assembly. The bottom of the cleaning plate (30) is fixedly connected to a plurality of cleaning blocks (31) that are adapted to the filter holes (17). The top of the cleaning plate (30) is fixedly connected to a plurality of bearing bases (32). The bearing bases (32) are provided with bearing grooves (33) that are adapted to the threaded sliding sleeves (36). The bearing bases (32) are fixedly connected to the middle position of the bearing grooves (33). The cross-sectional dimensions of the bearing support (34) are adapted to the sliding torque grooves of the threaded sliding sleeves (36). The two ends of the bottom of the bearing support (34) are provided with elastic elements (35) between the limit block (13). The tamping assembly includes a tamping plate (11), a protective cylinder (14) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tamping plate (11), the protective cylinder (14) extends to the top and slides to the bottom of the outside of the hammer (2), a plurality of bearing cylinders (15) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tamping plate (11), a plurality of sliding holes are provided on the cleaning plate (30), the bearing cylinders (15) are placed in the sliding holes of the cleaning plate (30), and a filter plate (16) is slidably connected to the bottom of the plurality of bearing cylinders (15), and a plurality of filter holes (17) A countersunk bolt is provided at the middle position of the filter plate (16) to fix the filter plate (16) to the ramming plate (11). A flow guide cavity (12) is formed between the filter plate (16) and the ramming plate (11). Multiple limiting blocks (13) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the ramming plate (11). Multiple annular cylinders (28) are fixedly connected to the top of the ramming plate (11). Multiple annular cylinders (28) penetrate the ramming plate (11) and are connected to the flow guide cavity (12).

2. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple water storage tanks are provided through the ram (2). A drain pipe (7) is provided at the top of the ram (2) at the position of the water storage tank. A one-way valve (8) is provided on the drain pipe (7). A lifting ring is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the ram (2) to facilitate connection with the lifting device (1). Multiple load transfer columns (9) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the ram (2). Load transfer ribs (10) are fixedly connected to the multiple load transfer columns (9). The load transfer ribs (10) are located at the intersection of the water storage tank and the elastic reset member.

3. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the tamping plate (11) is provided with a water level cylinder (18). The vertical height of the water level cylinder (18) is lower than the vertical height of the annular cylinder (28). A conical soft rubber sleeve (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water level cylinder (18). The upper and lower ends of the conical soft rubber sleeve (19) are open. The end of the conical soft rubber sleeve (19) with a smaller cross-section faces upward.

4. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tamping plate (11) is also fixedly connected to a hollow water-drawing pipe (22). The bottom of the water-drawing pipe (22) has a trapezoidal cross section and multiple water-drawing holes are provided on the water-drawing pipe (22).

5. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the water-drawing pipe (22) extends into the water storage tank of the ram (2) and is equipped with a one-way valve (24). A piston (23) is fixedly connected to the water-drawing pipe (22) inside the water storage tank, and the piston (23) can fit into the water storage tank.

6. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the tamping plate (11) is fixedly connected to a plurality of load transfer columns (20), and load transfer ribs (21) are fixedly connected to the plurality of load transfer columns (20). The load transfer ribs (21) are arranged at the intersection of the annular cylinder (28), the water level cylinder (18), and the water intake pipe (22).

7. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the load transfer rib 2 (21) and the multiple load transfer pillars 2 (20) can be attached to the bottom of the load transfer rib 1 (10) and the multiple load transfer pillars 1 (9).

8. The self-draining dynamic compaction equipment for wet soft soil foundation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The elastic reset component includes a telescopic cylinder (25) fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate (11) and a telescopic rod (26) fixedly connected to the bottom of the hammer (2). A spring (27) is provided on the outside of the telescopic cylinder (25) and the telescopic rod (26). The upper and lower ends of the spring (27) are fixedly connected to the top of the tamping plate (11) and the bottom of the hammer (2), respectively.

9. A method for treating wet, soft soil foundations using self-draining dynamic compaction, characterized in that, The wet soft soil foundation self-draining dynamic compaction equipment, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, includes the following steps: S01, Roadbed clearing: Remove surface water and clear debris from the construction area; S02, Roadbed leveling: Backfill the construction area with sand and gravel, and perform preliminary compaction and leveling; S03. Equipment entry: Move the lifting device (1) to the construction area, and hang the lifting ring of the tamping hammer (2) on the lifting device (1), and guide the water outlet of the drain pipe (7) to outside the construction area; S04, Dynamic compaction treatment: The lifting device (1) lifts the hammer (2) and allows the hammer (2) to fall freely to perform dynamic compaction on the soft soil foundation. After the hammer (2) lands, the bottom filter plate (16) and the cleaning block (31) are impacted and are on the same plane. Then the hammer (2) is lifted again, and the cleaning block (31) is separated from the filter hole (17) of the filter plate (16). After dynamic compaction, the water is drawn into the water storage tank through the pores of the filter hole (17) and discharged to the outside of the construction area by the drain pipe (7). S05. Roadbed backfilling: After the road surface has been compacted, a coarse sand cushion layer, gravel, and sand and gravel are laid in sequence and compacted.

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