High-throughput accurate shellfish phenotype determination system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-throughput accurate shellfish phenotype determination system, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The measuring system comprises a body size measuring unit, a dynamic weighing unit, a sample information acquisition unit, an automatic sorting unit and an intelligent control unit which are arranged in sequence, the body size measuring unit is used for measuring the body size and the weight of shellfishes, the dynamic weighing unit is used for measuring the weight of the shellfishes, the automatic sorting unit is used for sorting and collecting the shellfishes according to obtained character measuring values, and the sample information collecting unit is used for capturing and recording sample information of candidate parents. The intelligent control unit is used for controlling the body size measuring unit, the dynamic weighing unit, the automatic sorting unit and the sample information acquisition unit. The method solves the problems that the current shellfish phenotype determination depends on manual work, the labor intensity is high and the accuracy is poor, breaks through the bottleneck restricting the progress of precise breeding, and remarkably improves the precision and efficiency of selective breeding of shellfishes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shellfish phenotype determination and selective breeding, and specifically to a high-throughput and precise shellfish phenotype determination system. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major aquaculture country, with marine aquaculture production accounting for about two-thirds of the world's total production, of which shellfish aquaculture production accounts for about 70% of my country's total marine aquaculture production, making it an important part of marine aquaculture. Breeding fast-growing, high-yield and high-quality shellfish varieties is of great significance to promoting the healthy development of the shellfish aquaculture industry. Large-scale, high-precision phenotyping and genotyping analysis are the key to accurately determine candidate parents and the prerequisite for successful breeding. With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology and genotyping technology and the substantial reduction in costs, genotyping has become more economical and accurate, and has been widely used in the field of aquatic breeding. However, the current phenotyping method has become a bottleneck restricting the progress of precision breeding due to its high labor intensity and lack of accuracy.

[0003] Some phenotypic measurement technologies have been widely used in the fields of plants and animal husbandry, but they are still in their infancy in marine aquaculture, and these technologies often show strong specificity for the measurement of different species and traits, and have poor versatility. At present, phenotypic measurements such as growth traits of aquatic animals mainly rely on manual measuring tools, such as vernier calipers and electronic scales. However, this method requires high manpower and time costs, and is easily affected by subjective factors, resulting in poor measurement accuracy. In addition, sorting and marking candidate parents based on phenotypic measurement data is also an important part of selective breeding, but this process is also mainly manual and easily affected by human errors, thereby reducing the accuracy of selection.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-throughput and accurate phenotyping system to achieve rapid and accurate determination of growth traits, efficient sorting of candidate parents and collection of individual information, so as to improve the accuracy and efficiency of shellfish selection breeding. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the two main problems existing in the prior art, namely low precision and low throughput, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system comprises a body size measuring unit, a dynamic weighing unit, a sample information collection unit, an automatic sorting unit, and an intelligent control unit which are arranged in sequence; the body size measuring unit is used for measuring the body size and weight of shellfish, the dynamic weighing unit is used for measuring the weight of shellfish, the automatic sorting unit sorts and collects shellfish according to the acquired trait measurement values, the sample information collection unit is used for capturing and recording the sample information of candidate parents, and the intelligent control unit is used for controlling the body size measuring unit, the dynamic weighing unit, the automatic sorting unit, and the sample information collection unit, collecting phenotypic data, sorting results and sample information in real time, and automatically integrating, storing and managing these data.

[0007] Furthermore, the body size measurement unit, dynamic weighing unit, automatic sorting unit, sample information collection unit, and intelligent control unit are all fixed on the base bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, the body size measurement unit includes a first conveyor and a three-dimensional laser scanner located above the conveyor. A photoelectric device A and an encoder A are provided on one side of the first conveyor, both of which are connected to the three-dimensional laser scanner. The three-dimensional laser scanner is connected to the intelligent control unit via a TCP protocol.

[0009] Furthermore, the three-dimensional laser scanner is located above the center line of the first conveyor and is vertically directed downward toward the conveyor belt of the first conveyor.

[0010] Furthermore, the dynamic weighing unit includes a second conveyor and a pressure sensor located below the conveyor. A photoelectric device B connected to the pressure sensor is provided on one side of the second conveyor. The pressure sensor is connected to the intelligent control unit via a TCP protocol.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is provided with protective plates around it and is installed on the base bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the automatic sorting unit includes push rods A, B and C, which are respectively connected to air pumps A, B and C; air pumps A, B and C are all installed on a base bracket and connected to an intelligent control unit via a TCP protocol. The intelligent control unit can control push rods A, B and C to complete corresponding telescopic movements, and the push rods push the graded shellfish into a discharging slide.

[0013] Furthermore, the sample information acquisition unit includes a third conveyor and a barcode scanner located above the conveyor. One side of the third conveyor is provided with a photoelectric C and an encoder C, both of which are connected to the barcode scanner. The barcode scanner is connected to the intelligent control unit via a TCP protocol.

[0014] Furthermore, the barcode scanner is located above the center line of the third conveyor, tilted 15° downward and leftward toward the third conveyor.

[0015] Furthermore, a QR code is affixed to the surface of the shellfish, and the QR code records individual information such as the shellfish number. The QR code is printed on a PVC label and fixed on the surface of the shell, and can remain stable for more than one year in the marine environment; the minimum side length of the QR code scanned by the sample information acquisition unit can be as low as 8 mm. In addition to reading individual information, the sample information acquisition unit can also automatically enter the shellfish body size and weight data obtained by the body size measurement unit and the dynamic weighing unit into the corresponding QR code, and associate it with the individual information. The system supports regular repeated measurements, automatically reads historical data and records new measurement data, thereby realizing the continuous tracking, measurement and recording of the growth characteristics of a single shellfish sample for the first time.

[0016] Furthermore, the first conveyor, the second conveyor and the third conveyor include a motor, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a bearing plate and a conveyor belt.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to ensure the high accuracy of shellfish phenotyping, shock absorbing devices are installed under the first conveyor, the second conveyor and the third conveyor, which are composed of rubber gaskets, springs and buffers to filter out vibrations during the operation of the conveyor, and a seamless welded conveyor belt is designed to increase the smoothness of transmission, reduce the impact of individual shellfish shaking on the measurement, and improve the accuracy of phenotypic data collection.

[0018] A method for growth trait determination, parental sorting and sample information collection of a high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system comprises the following steps: Step 1: The shellfish individuals are placed at the left end of the first conveyor and are transmitted to the body size measurement unit through the conveyor belt. The photoelectric A and encoder A detect the position and speed information of the shellfish individuals and send them to the three-dimensional laser scanner. The three-dimensional laser scanner starts scanning the shellfish individuals and transmits the acquired image data such as the color point cloud map and the depth brightness map to the intelligent control unit to calculate the shell height, shell length, shell width, shell area and shell circumference and other property values ​​of the shellfish.

[0019] Step 2: After the size measurement is completed, the shellfish is conveyed to the dynamic weighing unit. When passing through the second conveyor, the dynamic weighing unit converts the pressure signal into a high-level signal and transmits it to the intelligent control unit to calculate the weight information of the shellfish; Step 3: The shellfish individuals are conveyed to the sample information collection unit via the third conveyor. The barcode scanner scans and identifies the barcode adhered to the surface of the shell, converts it into coded information acceptable to the computer, reads the sample information, and automatically enters the shellfish size and weight information obtained in steps 2-3 into the corresponding QR code.

[0020] Step 4: The shellfish individuals enter the automatic sorting unit. The automatic sorting unit controls air pump A, air pump B and air pump C to drive push rods A, push rod B and push rod C to extend and retract according to the shellfish size or weight information and the preset grading standards, and pushes the target individuals to the discharge slide of the corresponding grade to complete the sorting of candidate parents.

[0021] Step 5: The intelligent control unit collects data from each unit in real time, and summarizes, integrates, records, calculates and stores the data.

[0022] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention achieves high-precision measurement of shellfish growth traits, and can automatically and accurately sort shellfish candidate parents according to trait values, and can automatically collect individual information of shellfish, processing thousands of individuals per hour. The present invention solves the problem that the current shellfish phenotyping relies on manual labor, has high labor intensity and poor accuracy, breaks the bottleneck that restricts the progress of precision breeding, and significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of shellfish selection breeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a top view cross-sectional schematic diagram of the device in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a partial structural diagram of the body size measurement and individual information identification unit in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shock absorbing device and adjacent parts in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is the display page of the intelligent control unit in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is an analysis of the accuracy of the body measurement unit data; A and B are the color point cloud image and depth brightness image of the scallop scanned by the body measurement unit, CE is the regression analysis between the body measurement unit and the shell height, shell length and shell width obtained by the vernier caliper, and FH is the single sample multiple measurement error of shell height, shell length and shell width under different measurement methods.

[0029] Figure 7 It is an analysis of the accuracy of dynamic weighing unit data measurement; AC is the regression analysis between the dynamic weighing unit and the weight obtained by the electronic balance, and DF is the weight measurement accuracy of Chlamys farreri, Yesso scallop and Pacific oyster at different transmission speeds.

[0030] Figure 8Figure A is a schematic diagram of individual labeling and sample information collection based on barcode technology, and Figure B is a statistical diagram of the proportion of label information on scallops that can be normally collected after 3 or 6 months of offshore farming.

[0031] Fig. 9 The figure shows the working efficiency comparison between the present invention and the manual method; AE respectively represents the time consumption comparison between the body measurement unit, dynamic weighing unit, automatic sorting unit, sample information collection unit and intelligent control unit and the manual method.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Body size measurement unit; 11. Fixing device A; 111. Longitudinal bracket A; 112. Position regulator A; 113. Transverse bracket A; 12. First conveyor; 13. Three-dimensional laser scanner; 14. Opposite photoelectric A; 15. Encoder A; 2. Dynamic weighing unit; 21. Upper support frame; 22. Lower support frame; 23. Second conveyor; 24. High-precision pressure sensor; 25. Protective plate; 26. Opposite photoelectric B; 3. Automatic sorting unit; 31. Push rod A; 3 2. Push rod B; 33. Push rod C; 34. Air pump A; 35. Air pump B; 36. Air pump C; 37. Discharging slide; 4. Sample information acquisition unit; 41. Fixing device B; 411. Longitudinal bracket B; 412. Position regulator B; 413. Transverse bracket B; 42. Third conveyor; 43. Barcode scanner; 44. Opposite photoelectric C; 45. Encoder C; 5. Intelligent control unit; 6. Base bracket; 7. Shock absorbing device; 71. Rubber gasket; 72. Spring; 73 Buffer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Breeding fast-growing, high-quality and high-yield varieties is the key to promoting the healthy development of shellfish farming, and accurate and efficient phenotyping is the prerequisite for accurate breeding of improved varieties and trait analysis. The present invention achieves high-precision, high-throughput, and standardized determination of shellfish phenotypes, and has the functions of candidate parent sorting and sample information collection, providing a reliable technical means for large-scale accurate selection and breeding of shellfish. The present invention will be further elaborated and illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments below, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0034] Embodiment 1: A high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system, such as Figure 1-4As shown, it includes the following five units: body size measurement unit 1, dynamic weighing unit 2, automatic sorting unit 3, sample information collection unit 4, and intelligent control unit 5. Among them, the body size measurement unit 1 and the dynamic weighing unit 2 are used for high-precision and rapid measurement of shellfish growth traits (such as body size and weight); the automatic sorting unit 3 automatically sorts and collects candidate parents according to the measured trait values; the sample information collection unit 4 is used to capture and record the individual information of the candidate parents; the intelligent control unit 5 is used to collect phenotypic data, sorting results and sample information in real time, and integrate, store and manage these data.

[0035] In one embodiment, the body size measurement unit 1 includes a fixing device A11, which spans across the first conveyor 12, and its two longitudinal brackets A111 are installed on the base frame 7. A position regulator A112 is provided in the middle and upper part of the longitudinal bracket A111, and a transverse bracket A113 is installed on the position regulator A112. A three-dimensional laser scanner 13 is arranged on the transverse bracket A113, which is located above the center line of the first conveyor 12 and vertically faces downward to the conveyor belt of the first conveyor. The height can be flexibly adjusted with the transverse bracket, the measuring range is 20 cm, and the resolution is 0.01 mm. A photoelectric A14 and an encoder A15 are arranged on the side of the first conveyor 12, which are connected to the three-dimensional laser scanner 13, and the three-dimensional laser scanner 13 is connected to the intelligent control unit 5 through the TCP protocol.

[0036] In one embodiment, the dynamic weighing unit 2 includes two support frames, the upper support frame 21 is installed below the second conveyor 23, and the lower support frame 22 is fixed on the base bracket 6. A high-precision pressure sensor 24 with an accuracy of 0.01g is installed between the upper support frame 21 and the lower support frame 22 and directly below the second conveyor 23. The pressure sensor 24 is surrounded by protective plates 25, which are installed on the base bracket 6. A photoelectric B26 is configured on the side of the second conveyor 23 and is connected to the pressure sensor 24. The pressure sensor 24 is connected to the intelligent control unit 5 via the TCP protocol.

[0037] In one embodiment, the automatic sorting unit 3 includes a push rod A31, a push rod B32 and a push rod C33, which are respectively connected to an air pump A34, an air pump B35 and an air pump C36. The air pump is installed on a base bracket 6 and is connected to an intelligent control unit 5 through a TCP protocol. According to the property values ​​and preset values ​​sent by the intelligent control unit 5, the push rods A31, B32 and C33 are controlled to complete corresponding telescopic movements. For individual sorting, a discharging slide 37 is provided in front of the push rod.

[0038] In one embodiment, the sample information collection unit 4 includes a fixing device B41, which spans across the third conveyor 42, and its two longitudinal brackets B411 are installed on the base frame 6. A position adjuster B412 is provided in the middle and upper part of the longitudinal bracket B411, and a transverse bracket B413 is installed on the position adjuster B412. A barcode scanner 43 is arranged on the transverse bracket B, which is located above the center line of the third conveyor 42, tilted 15° downward to the left and aimed at the third conveyor 42, and the height can be flexibly adjusted with the transverse bracket. The scanning range is 15×15 cm (length×width). A photoelectric sensor C44 and an encoder C45 are arranged on the side of the third conveyor 42, which are connected to the barcode scanner 43, and the barcode scanner 43 is connected to the intelligent control unit 5 via the TCP protocol.

[0039] In one embodiment, the minimum side length of the QR code scanned by the sample information acquisition unit 4 can be as low as 8 mm. The QR code records individual information such as the shellfish number, is printed on a PVC label, and is fixed on the surface of the shell, and can remain stable for more than one year in the marine environment; in addition to reading individual information, the sample information acquisition unit 4 can also automatically enter the shellfish body size and weight data obtained by the body size measurement unit 1 and the dynamic weighing unit 2 into the corresponding QR code, and associate it with the individual information. The system supports regular repeated measurements, automatically reads historical data and records new measurement data, thereby realizing the continuous tracking, measurement and recording of the growth characteristics of a single shellfish sample for the first time.

[0040] In one embodiment, in order to ensure the high accuracy of shellfish phenotyping, a shock absorbing device 7 is installed under the first conveyor 12, the second conveyor 23 and the third conveyor 42. The device is composed of a rubber gasket 71, a spring 72 and a buffer 73 to filter the vibration during the operation of the conveyor, and a seamless welded conveyor belt is designed to increase the smoothness of the transmission, reduce the impact of individual shellfish shaking on the measurement, and improve the accuracy of phenotypic data collection.

[0041] Embodiment 2: This embodiment uses a phenotyping system to measure shellfish growth traits, sort parents, and collect sample information, including the following steps: Step 1: Start each unit conveyor and adjust the conveyor belt running speed to the target value; according to the type of shellfish to be measured, adjust the three-dimensional laser scanner 13 and the barcode scanner 43 to the optimal position through the fixture A11 and the fixture B41; set the parameters of the three-dimensional laser scanner 13, and use the conveyor belt plane as the reference plane; place the shellfish individual at the left end of the first conveyor 12, and enter the body size measurement unit 1 through the conveyor belt; the three-dimensional laser scanner 13 scans the shell, obtains the color point cloud depth map and the black and white depth map, and sends the scanned image to the intelligent control unit 5; the intelligent control unit 5 processes the image, removes the shadow and background, and converts the image size to the actual size according to the number of pixels, so as to calculate the shell height, shell length, shell cross-sectional area and shell cross-sectional perimeter of the shellfish individual. In addition, the intelligent control unit 5 also calculates the shell width of the shellfish individual according to the vertical distance between the highest point in the image and the reference plane according to the preset height ratio coefficient.

[0042] Step 2: After the size information is measured, the individual shellfish leaves the first conveyor 12 and enters the second conveyor 23; the high-precision pressure sensor 24 is installed between the upper support frame 21 and the lower support frame 22, and is located directly below the second conveyor 23, for dynamically detecting the weight of the individual shellfish, with a measurement accuracy of 0.01g; when the conveyor is unloaded, the pressure sensor 24 is zeroed; when the individual shellfish is conveyed on the second conveyor 23, the voltage of the pressure sensor 24 changes, and a changing analog signal is output. The signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit and transmitted to the intelligent control unit 5, which converts the pressure signal into a digital signal that is easy to process, thereby realizing dynamic and rapid measurement of the weight of the individual shellfish.

[0043] Step 3: The intelligent control unit 5 sends the size or weight information obtained in step 2-3 to the automatic sorting unit 3. When the shellfish enters the third conveyor 42, the automatic sorting unit 3 controls the extension and retraction of the air pump according to the size or weight information and the preset grading standard. Driven by the air pump, the push rod pushes the shellfish to the corresponding grade of the discharging slide 37 to complete the sorting of the shellfish. Taking the Chlamys farreri as an example, the shell height grading standard can be set as two thresholds of 40mm and 60mm: level 1 ≥60mm, level 2 40mm-60mm, and level 3 ≤40mm; the weight grading standard can be set as two thresholds of 40g and 20g: level 1 ≥40g, level 2 20g-40g, and level 3 ≤20g. According to specific needs, you can choose to select shell height or weight for grading alone, or comprehensively judge that both meet the first level, only one standard meets the first level, and neither meets the first level.

[0044] Step 4: When the shellfish individual is transported to the sample information collection unit 4, the light emitted by the barcode scanner 43 shines on the barcode on the shell surface, and the reflected light generates an electrical signal through the photoelectric converter. The signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit and transmitted to the intelligent control unit 5, which interprets it as a digital signal that can be directly accepted by the computer to realize the collection of barcode data containing individual information attached to the shell surface; at the same time, the intelligent control unit 5 also records the body size and weight data measured by the body size measurement unit 1 and the dynamic weighing unit 2 into the barcode, and binds it with the individual information.

[0045] Step 6: The intelligent control unit 5 collects data of each unit in real time, including individual information, shell height, shell length, shell width, shell cross-sectional area, shell cross-sectional perimeter, total wet weight, etc. The intelligent control unit 5 automatically summarizes, integrates and records these data, and displays the integrated data on the display screen in real time ( Figure 5 ). At the same time, these data are also written into Excel tables, stored in the local hard disk, or exported through the USB interface for subsequent analysis.

[0046] Example 3: Analysis of the accuracy of body size traits measured by phenotyping system 50-60 Chlamys farreri, Yesso scallop, Pacific oyster, Philippine clam and Sinonovacula constricta were randomly selected, and their body size traits (including shell height, shell length, shell width, shell area, shell circumference, etc.) were measured using a phenotyping system and a manual vernier caliper, and the data obtained were recorded and analyzed.

[0047] Figure 6 A and 6B are the color point cloud depth map and black and white depth map of individual shellfish. Taking Chlamys farreri as an example, regression analysis shows that the phenotyping system and the vernier caliper are similar in the determination of shell height, shell length and shell width. R 2 The values ​​are 0.9957, 0.9958 and 0.9888 respectively. P <0.001, indicating that there is a high correlation between the two ( Figure 6 C-6D). Furthermore, the phenotyping system and vernier caliper were used to measure the single sample of Chlamys farreri 10 times, and 10 people measured it once each. Repeated precision analysis showed that the residual error ranges of the phenotyping system, vernier caliper and 10 people in shell height were 0.01-0.11, 0.11-0.89 and 0.05-1.76 mm, respectively ( Figure 6 F-6H), the phenotyping system had the smallest error and showed higher measurement accuracy. In addition, the phenotyping system also showed higher measurement accuracy and objectivity in the Yesso scallop, Pacific oyster, Philippine clam and razor clam.

[0048] Example 4: Analysis of the accuracy of body weight trait measured by phenotyping system Similarly, 50-60 of the above shellfish were randomly selected as samples, and their weights were measured using the phenotyping system and the electronic balance, and the data were recorded and analyzed. R 2 is 0.9998, P The value is less than 0.001, indicating that there is a high correlation between the two ( Figure 7 A). Similarly, for other shellfish, the weight data obtained by these two methods were highly correlated ( Figure 7 B and 7C). In addition, the accuracy of the phenotyping system in measuring the weight of Chlamys farreri at different conveying speeds was tested. The results showed that the measurement accuracy at conveying speeds of 0.2 m / s, 0.5 m / s, and 1.0 m / s was 99.79%, 99.65%, and 99.51%, respectively ( Figure 7 D). For other shellfish, the accuracy of full wet weight measurement at different conveying speeds also exceeded 99.50% ( Figure 7 E and 7F).

[0049] Example 5: Phenotyping system realizes rapid and automatic collection of sample information In order to quickly and automatically collect sample information, an individual marking and identification technology based on barcode technology was established. This technology uses Excel to batch generate QR codes containing individual marking information, and uses seawater-proof gel water to stick the labels printed with QR codes on the surface of the shells. Subsequently, a high-resolution barcode scanner automatically captures and records individual information ( Figure 8 A). To verify the durability and readability of the tags, the marked scallops were returned to the sea for farming. After 3 months, all individuals carried at least one tag, and 99.33% of the individuals carried two tags; after 6 months, 99.67% of the individuals still had at least one tag, and 98.33% of the individuals still had two tags ( Figure 8 B). During this period, the QR code on the label remains clearly visible and can be quickly and accurately read by a high-resolution barcode scanner. In addition, the intelligent control unit can directly enter the body size and weight data obtained by the body size measurement unit 2 and the dynamic weighing unit 3 into the corresponding barcode, and associate and bind it with the individual information. After the measurement, the individual is put back into the sea. The system supports regular repeated measurements, automatically reads historical data and records new data, thus realizing the long-term continuous monitoring of the growth traits of a single sample of shellfish for the first time, which is of great significance for the analysis of growth rate, the analysis of growth genetic mechanism and the screening of individuals with excellent growth traits.

[0050] Example 6: Statistics of the working efficiency of the phenotypic measurement system Using the high-throughput phenotyping system and its various units, growth trait measurement, parent sorting and sample information collection were performed on the Yesso scallop, Chlamys farreri and Pacific oyster in turn, and the time taken for these processes was recorded. At the same time, manual measurements were performed and the time was recorded for comparison. Taking Chlamys farreri as an example, the measurement time of the body measurement unit 1 is only one-seventh of that of manual operation ( Fig. 9 A). Similarly, the time spent by the dynamic weighing unit 2, the automatic sorting unit 3 and the sample information collection unit 4 on weighing determination, parent sorting and sample information collection is also much shorter than that of the manual method ( Fig. 9 B-9D). In addition, the phenotyping system completed these tasks in an average of 1.6 ± 0.2 seconds, while manual operation took 18.2 ± 1.5 seconds ( Fig. 9 E) The speed of the phenotyping system is about 11 times that of manual operation. The system can measure, sort and identify thousands of individuals per hour, fully meeting the needs of high throughput.

[0051] In summary, the system achieves rapid and high-precision measurement of shellfish phenotypes, avoids subjective errors in manual measurement, and provides more accurate phenotypic data for genotyping and breeding. At the same time, the candidate individuals are automatically and accurately sorted and sample information is read based on the phenotypic measurement data, which reduces the errors in manual selection of candidate parents and improves the selection accuracy. In addition, the system significantly reduces the labor input and time cost in the parent screening process, significantly improves the breeding work efficiency, and has a high industrial application prospect.

[0052] Finally, although this specification is described according to implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system, characterized in that: The system comprises a body size measurement unit (1), a dynamic weighing unit (2), a sample information collection unit (4), an automatic sorting unit (3), and an intelligent control unit (5) which are arranged in sequence; the body size measurement unit (1) is used to measure the body size and weight of shellfish, the dynamic weighing unit (2) is used to measure the weight of shellfish, the automatic sorting unit (3) sorts and collects shellfish according to the obtained trait measurement values, the sample information collection unit (4) is used to capture and record sample information of candidate parents, and the intelligent control unit (5) is used to control the body size measurement unit (1), the dynamic weighing unit (2), the automatic sorting unit (3), and the sample information collection unit (4).

2. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body size measurement unit (1), the dynamic weighing unit (2), the automatic sorting unit (3), the sample information collection unit (4), and the intelligent control unit (5) are all fixed on a base bracket (6).

3. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body size measurement unit (1) comprises a first conveyor (12) and a three-dimensional laser scanner (13) located above the conveyor; a photoelectric device A (14) and an encoder A (15) are provided on one side of the first conveyor (12); both are connected to the three-dimensional laser scanner (13); and the three-dimensional laser scanner (13) is connected to an intelligent control unit (5) via a TCP protocol.

4. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-dimensional laser scanner (13) is located above the center line of the first conveyor (12) and is vertically directed downward toward the conveyor belt of the first conveyor.

5. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic weighing unit (2) comprises a second conveyor (23) and a pressure sensor (24) located below the conveyor. A photoelectric device B (26) connected to the pressure sensor (24) is provided on one side of the second conveyor (23). The pressure sensor (24) is connected to the intelligent control unit (5) via a TCP protocol.

6. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic sorting unit (3) comprises a push rod A (31), a push rod B (32) and a push rod C (33), which are respectively connected to an air pump A (34), an air pump B (35) and an air pump C (36); the air pump A (34), the air pump B (35) and the air pump C (36) are all mounted on a base bracket (6) and connected to an intelligent control unit (5) via a TCP protocol; the intelligent control unit (5) is capable of controlling the push rod A (31), the push rod B (32) and the push rod C (33) to complete corresponding telescopic movements, and the push rods push the graded shellfish into a discharging slide (37).

7. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample information acquisition unit (4) comprises a third conveyor (42) and a barcode scanner (43) located above the conveyor. A photoelectric detector C (44) and an encoder C (45) are provided on one side of the third conveyor (42), both of which are connected to the barcode scanner (43). The barcode scanner (43) is connected to the intelligent control unit (5) via a TCP protocol.

8. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The barcode scanner (43) is located above the center line of the third conveyor (42), tilted downward and leftward by 15 degrees and aligned with the third conveyor (42).

9. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A QR code is attached to the surface of the shellfish, and the QR code records the individual information of the shellfish. In addition to reading the individual information of the shellfish, the sample information collection unit (4) can also automatically enter the shellfish body size and weight data obtained by the body size measurement unit (1) and the dynamic weighing unit (2) into the corresponding QR code, associate and bind it with the individual information, automatically read historical data and record new measurement data, thereby realizing the continuous tracking, measurement and recording of the growth characteristics of a single shellfish sample.

10. The high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock absorbing device is installed below the first conveyor, the second conveyor and the third conveyor, and is composed of a rubber gasket (71), a spring (72) and a buffer (73).

11. A method for measuring shellfish growth traits, parent sorting and sample information collection based on the high-throughput and accurate shellfish phenotyping system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: A shellfish individual is placed at the left end of a first conveyor (12) and is conveyed to a body size measuring unit (1) via a conveyor belt. A photoelectric detector A (14) and an encoder A (15) detect the position and speed information of the shellfish individual and send the information to a three-dimensional laser scanner (13). The three-dimensional laser scanner (13) starts scanning the shellfish individual and transmits the acquired image data to an intelligent control unit (5) to calculate the property value of the shellfish individual. Step 2: After the individual properties are measured, the shellfish are transported to the dynamic weighing unit (2). When passing through the second conveyor (23), the dynamic weighing unit (2) converts the pressure signal into a high-level signal and transmits it to the intelligent control unit (5), thereby calculating the weight information of the shellfish; Step 3: The shellfish individuals are conveyed to the sample information collection unit (4) via the third conveyor (42), and the barcode scanner (43) scans and identifies the barcode attached to the shell surface, reads the sample information, and automatically enters the shellfish characteristics and weight information obtained in steps 2-3 into the corresponding QR code; Step 4: The shellfish individuals enter the automatic sorting unit (3). The automatic sorting unit (3) controls the air pump A (34), air pump B (35) and air pump C (36) to drive the push rod A (31), push rod B (32) and push rod C (33) to extend and retract according to the shellfish size or weight information and the preset grading standard, and pushes the target individuals to the discharge slide (37) of the corresponding grade, thereby completing the sorting of the candidate parents; Step 5: The intelligent control unit (5) collects data from each unit in real time, and summarizes, integrates, records, calculates and stores the data.

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