Cascade water-light complementary scheduling rule making method based on practical application

Abstract

The invention provides a cascade water-light complementation scheduling rule making method based on practical application, and the method comprises the steps: taking a power abandoning risk of a water-power and photovoltaic bundled delivery channel as a punitive constraint condition, embedding the power abandoning risk into a scheduling function at a year-monthly scale, and adjusting the control boundary of the operation of a large hydropower station reservoir in a previous month, formulating an annual-monthly scale scheduling rule of the reservoir of the large hydropower station under the water-light complementation condition; in the monthly-day scale, the formulated annual-monthly scale scheduling rule is used as the scheduling boundary of the monthly-day scale, a day-by-day prediction water inflow process and a photovoltaic typical daily output process scene of a certain month are preset, the risk of short-term sending-out channel power abandoning of water and light combined operation is avoided through intra-month day-to-day smoothing, and the scheduling rule of water and electricity absorption photovoltaic is obtained; and constructing a complementary function of hydroelectric power generation, energy storage benefit and photovoltaic power generation benefit under the scheduling rule to judge the earnings before and after water-light complementation, and if the earnings do not reach the expectation, re-optimizing the scheduling rule and formulating a final decision scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydropower and new energy production and operation, and in particular to a method for formulating cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of dual carbon goals, it is a general trend for new energy power sources such as wind power and photovoltaics to be connected to cascade hydropower in the river basin and operate jointly with hydropower. Since wind power and photovoltaic power sources themselves do not have regulation performance, the essence of the joint operation of water, wind and solar power lies in that hydropower responds to the flexibility needs of wind power and photovoltaics by optimizing its own operating status or operating boundaries. The present invention is aimed at the situation of joint operation of cascade hydropower and photovoltaics in the river basin, and in terms of ideas, it is feasible to promote the joint operation of integrated water, wind, solar and storage clean energy bases in the river basin.

[0003] At present, photovoltaic power is connected to cascade hydropower in the basin and bundled with hydropower for transmission. From the perspective of planning and design, in most scenarios, the ratio of photovoltaic to hydropower installed capacity can theoretically be 1:1 or even more. However, in actual operation, affected by many factors, even when a small amount of photovoltaic power is connected to the basin hydropower bundle for transmission, the risk of power abandonment in the transmission channel has appeared in some periods and some areas. It is foreseeable that this problem will become more prominent in the future as more photovoltaic power is connected to the basin hydropower for joint operation.

[0004] Existing research has achieved considerable results in promoting the joint operation and dispatch of hydropower and photovoltaic complementarity. However, due to factors such as the development stage, it is mainly concentrated in theoretical research such as numerical analysis and scenario simulation, mostly to support the early planning and approval of new energy projects. Theoretical methods for the joint dispatch and operation of multiple energy sources are still rarely applied to engineering practice. Whether the theory can well guide practical operation requires more discussion. In addition, theoretical research is relatively complex in terms of numerical calculation and model construction, and there are difficulties in transformation when applied to engineering practice. At present, this dispatch and operation demand is imminent, but there is a lack of effective and simple methods for formulating optimized dispatch rules for the joint dispatch of hydropower and photovoltaic complementarity at different time scales in river basins, which can be highly integrated with the work experience of dispatchers. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0006] To this end, the first purpose of this application is to propose a method for formulating cascaded water-solar complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications.

[0007] The second objective of the present application is to provide an electronic device.

[0008] The third object of the present application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0009] A fourth object of the present application is to provide a computer program product.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a method for formulating cascaded water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications, including:

[0011] Select large hydropower station reservoirs with good regulation performance as the dispatching subjects on an annual and monthly basis, and set their annual and monthly target water levels according to the predicted water level changes;

[0012] At the annual and monthly scale, the risk of power abandonment in the bundled transmission channels of hydropower and photovoltaic power is embedded in the dispatching function as a punitive constraint. By adjusting the control boundaries of the operation of large hydropower station reservoirs in the previous months, the risk of power abandonment in the channels at the annual and monthly scale is reduced or eliminated, and the annual and monthly dispatching rules for large hydropower station reservoirs under the conditions of hydropower and photovoltaic complementarity are formulated;

[0013] At the monthly and daily scale, the formulated annual and monthly scale dispatching rules are used as the dispatching boundaries of the monthly and daily scale, and a certain monthly daily predicted water inflow process and a typical photovoltaic power generation process scenario are scheduled. The risk of power abandonment in the short-term transmission channel of the joint operation of water and photovoltaic power is avoided by smoothing during the daytime within the month, and the obtained monthly and daily water level control process is used as the dispatching rule for hydropower to consume photovoltaic power in this scenario;

[0014] A complementary function of hydropower generation, energy storage benefits and photovoltaic power generation benefits under the dispatching rules is constructed to judge the benefits before and after hydro-photovoltaic complementarity. If the benefits do not meet expectations, the dispatching rules are re-optimized and a final decision plan is formulated.

[0015] Optionally, the method of selecting a large hydropower station reservoir with good regulation performance as the dispatching subject on an annual and monthly scale, and setting its annual and monthly target water level according to the predicted water level change, includes:

[0016] Load the annual and monthly inflow data of each reservoir in the basin, and predict the monthly reservoir water level change trend based on the monthly inflow;

[0017] Select large hydropower station reservoirs whose regulation performance and regulation capacity meet the preset requirements as the dispatching subjects for the formulation of annual and monthly dispatching rules;

[0018] Based on the predicted monthly water level changes and the demand characteristics of the power system, a monthly target water level control value is set for the reservoir to ensure that the reservoir can play a medium- and long-term regulatory role in the power system while meeting the overall water demand of the basin.

[0019] Optionally, the risk of power abandonment of hydropower and photovoltaic bundled transmission channels is embedded in the dispatch function as a penalty constraint condition at the annual and monthly scale, and the risk of power abandonment of channels at the annual and monthly scale is reduced or eliminated by adjusting the control boundary of the operation of large hydropower station reservoirs in the previous months, and the annual and monthly scale dispatching rules for large hydropower station reservoirs under the conditions of water-photovoltaic complementarity are formulated, including:

[0020] Based on the annual and monthly forecast of the inflow of large hydropower station reservoirs {Q1, Q2...Q 12} as the pre-input, using the univariate linear function Y k =a k X k +b k As the basic form of the cascade water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function, X k , Y k are the input and output variables of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function, the sum of the initial storage capacity of the reservoir and the water volume entering the reservoir during the period is selected as the input variable, and the storage capacity at the end of the period is selected as the output variable; a k 、b k is the basic parameter of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function; k is the time period, the annual monthly scale is calculated with the month as the time period, k = 1, 2...12;

[0021] The cascade water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function is solved, and the residual Y k -(a k X k +b k ) The minimum is the goal to find an acceptable set of a and b values. When the derivative of the sum of squares function is 0, Q takes the minimum value, and then a set of a and b values ​​that are acceptable for k months are obtained in turn. At this time, Y k =a k X k +b k a k 、b k is considered as a set of vectors with respect to time;

[0022] Based on the time vector a k 、b k , frequency sorting is performed on the historical long series of runoff process data, and the annual and monthly optimized operation and dispatching rules of large hydropower station reservoirs are calculated based on the frequency sorting results, forming an optimized dispatching rule set under typical scenarios of large hydropower station reservoirs;

[0023] The risk of power abandonment in the channel of bundling hydropower and photovoltaic power sources is taken as a penalty constraint condition. By adjusting the water level control conditions of the reservoir of the large hydropower station in the previous month, the risk of power abandonment in the channel on the annual and monthly scale is reduced to or eliminated. Among them, the risk of power abandonment in the channel is expressed by the power abandonment rate δ=(P w +P l) / P, where δ is the channel abandonment rate of the water-photovoltaic complementary joint operation system in the basin; P w is the hydropower output; Pl is the photovoltaic output; and P is the transmission channel limit.

[0024] Optionally, also include:

[0025] During the execution of daily scheduling, the deviation between actual operation and preset scheduling rules is monitored. If the previous operation mode deviates from the scheduling rules, adjustments are made and the deviation is corrected within the month or the next month to prevent the accumulation of deviations from affecting the scheduling rules.

[0026] Optionally, the constructing of a complementary function of hydropower generation, energy storage benefit, and photovoltaic power generation benefit under the dispatching rule includes:

[0027] Electric energy revenue is selected as the evaluation index of the basin cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules. Combined with the different operating characteristics of the basin cascade hydropower stations and nearby photovoltaic stations, hydropower generation and energy storage benefits, and photovoltaic power generation benefits are selected as evaluation indicators respectively. The expression of the complementary function is:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, E P is the total benefit of the basin cascade water-photovoltaic complementary system; E w For the benefit of water electronic system; E l is the benefit of the photovoltaic subsystem; b is the weight corresponding to the water electronic system and the photovoltaic subsystem; P w，t is the hydropower price; N w，t is the average hydropower output during the calculation period; Δt is the calculation period; is the average hydropower price during the dispatch period; ΔE is the hydropower energy storage increment during the dispatch period, and a negative value is obtained when the energy storage decreases; P l，t is the photovoltaic electricity price; N l，t It is the average photovoltaic power output during the calculation period. The abandoned power is a negative value.

[0030] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0031] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0032] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0033] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-readable storage medium is stored computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0034] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which implements any method in the first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0035] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application brings at least the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The formulation of optimized dispatching rules for different time scales of the cascade water-photovoltaic complementary joint dispatching system in the basin can be effectively used in actual operation and dispatching work. Taking two hydropower stations and connected photovoltaic stations in a basin as an example, the upper reservoir is an annual regulation reservoir, and the lower reservoir is a seasonal regulation reservoir. The photovoltaic power source is connected to the lower reservoir and shares the transmission channel with the hydropower station. When the ratio of photovoltaic and hydropower installed capacity is lower than 1:1, and the water flow in the basin throughout the year is not significantly greater than the multi-year average level and the process is not extremely concentrated in the post-flood season, it can achieve no theoretical power abandonment risk in the annual monthly scale dispatching rules, and effectively reduce the power abandonment risk of the monthly daily scale dispatching rules.

[0037] 2. Coordinate the operation modes of hydropower stations and reservoirs with different regulation performance in the cascade basin and photovoltaic stations bundled for transmission in nearby areas, realize the joint optimization operation of water-photovoltaic complementarity at different time scales, identify the risk of power abandonment in the medium-, long- and short-term water-photovoltaic complementarity transmission channels in advance, and adopt corresponding regulation measures through sensitivity analysis to formulate targeted scheduling measures to ensure that risks are controllable.

[0038] 3. To evaluate the joint dispatching rules of cascade hydropower and photovoltaic power generation at different time scales in the basin from the perspective of benefits, intuitively judge the changes in system benefits before and after hydropower and photovoltaic power generation, prove the scientificity and economy of connecting photovoltaic power generation to cascade hydropower in the basin and bundling it with hydropower, and provide technical support for the construction and operation of the future integrated clean energy base of water, wind, photovoltaic and storage in the basin.

[0039] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0041] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of a method for formulating cascaded water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A detailed schematic diagram of a method for formulating cascaded water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a set of optimized operation scenarios of a large reservoir with good regulation performance provided in an embodiment of the present application within a year;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of annual and monthly scheduling rules for joint optimal scheduling of a large reservoir and photovoltaic power generation with good regulation performance provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 5( a ) and FIG. 5( b ) are schematic diagrams of the operation modes before and after the complementary scheduling of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation in a typical day provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario in which photovoltaic power generation continues in a continuous manner during the flood season when the hydropower inflow is large and the regulation space is limited, provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0048] Under the background of dual carbon goals, it is a general trend for new energy power sources such as wind power and photovoltaics to be connected to cascade hydropower in the river basin and operate jointly with hydropower. Since wind power and photovoltaic power sources themselves do not have regulation performance, the essence of the joint operation of water, wind and solar power lies in that hydropower responds to the flexibility needs of wind power and photovoltaics by optimizing its own operating status or operating boundaries. The present invention is aimed at the situation of joint operation of cascade hydropower and photovoltaics in the river basin, and in terms of ideas, it is feasible to promote the joint operation of integrated water, wind, solar and storage clean energy bases in the river basin.

[0049] At present, photovoltaic power is connected to cascade hydropower in the basin and bundled with hydropower for transmission. From the perspective of planning and design, in most scenarios, the ratio of photovoltaic to hydropower installed capacity can theoretically be 1:1 or even more. However, in actual operation, affected by many factors, even when a small amount of photovoltaic power is connected to the basin hydropower bundle for transmission, the risk of power abandonment in the transmission channel has appeared in some periods and some areas. It is foreseeable that this problem will become more prominent in the future as more photovoltaic power is connected to the basin hydropower for joint operation.

[0050] Existing research has achieved considerable results in promoting the joint operation and dispatch of hydropower and photovoltaic complementarity. However, due to factors such as the development stage, it is mainly concentrated in theoretical research such as numerical analysis and scenario simulation, mostly to support the early planning and approval of new energy projects. Theoretical methods for the joint dispatch and operation of multiple energy sources are still rarely applied to engineering practice. Whether the theory can well guide practical operation requires more discussion. In addition, theoretical research is relatively complex in terms of numerical calculation and model construction, and there are difficulties in transformation when applied to engineering practice. At present, this dispatch and operation demand is imminent, but there is a lack of effective and simple methods for formulating optimized dispatch rules for the joint dispatch of hydropower and photovoltaic complementarity at different time scales in river basins, which can be highly integrated with the work experience of dispatchers.

[0051] To address this problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for formulating scheduling rules for cascaded hydro-photovoltaic complementarity based on practical applications, which provides a way of thinking for solving the practical problems of applying the cascaded hydro-photovoltaic complementarity theory to engineering operations, and has the feasibility of being extended to the joint operation of future integrated water, wind, solar and storage clean energy bases in river basins.

[0052] It should be noted that the following principles are followed in the process of formulating the rules of the embodiments of the present application: First, the formulation of the scheduling rules on the annual and monthly scales is based on the principle of not changing the role of large hydropower station reservoirs as high-quality regulating power sources in the system to store surplus and make up for shortages, and the goal is to maximize the medium- and long-term hydro-photovoltaic combined operation power generation benefits. Second, the formulation of the scheduling rules on the monthly and daily scales aims to minimize the power abandonment rate of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic combined system transmission channel, and focuses on reducing or even eliminating the risk of power abandonment in local areas and local time periods through short-term hydropower regulation. Third, the changes in reservoir capacity caused by photovoltaic regulation are balanced within the day and for a maximum of multiple days, and are not accumulated, allowing for reasonable power abandonment.

[0053] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of a method for formulating cascaded water-solar complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 101, select a large hydropower station reservoir with good regulation performance as the scheduling subject on an annual and monthly scale, and set its annual and monthly target water level according to the predicted water level change.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, in terms of the formulation of scheduling rules on the annual and monthly time scales, for the target cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary joint scheduling system, it is necessary to select large hydropower station reservoirs with good regulation performance in the system as the operating entities for the formulation of scheduling rules on the annual and monthly time scales, determine their key node target water level control processes, and ensure that they continue to play a medium- and long-term regulation advantage in the power system.

[0056] Specifically, the selection steps are: load the annual and monthly inflow data of each reservoir in the basin, and predict the monthly reservoir water level change trend based on the monthly inflow; select large hydropower station reservoirs whose regulation performance meets the preset requirements and whose regulation capacity meets the preset requirements as the dispatching subject for the formulation of annual and monthly scale dispatching rules; set the monthly target water level control value for the reservoir based on the predicted monthly water level change process and the demand characteristics of the power system to ensure that the reservoir can play a medium- and long-term regulatory role in the power system while meeting the overall water demand of the basin.

[0057] Step 102, at the annual monthly scale, the risk of power abandonment of hydropower and photovoltaic bundled transmission channels is embedded in the dispatching function as a penalty constraint condition, and the risk of power abandonment of channels at the annual monthly scale is reduced or eliminated by adjusting the control boundary of the operation of large hydropower station reservoirs in the previous months, and the annual monthly scale dispatching rules for large hydropower station reservoirs under the condition of water-photovoltaic complementarity are formulated;

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the annual monthly forecast inflow of the reservoir of a large hydropower station {Q1, Q2...Q 12} as the pre-input, since linear functions are relatively stable and simple, this application uses a univariate linear function Y k =a k X k +b k As the basic form of the cascade water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function, X k , Y k are the input and output variables of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function, the sum of the initial storage capacity of the reservoir and the water volume entering the reservoir during the period is selected as the input variable, and the storage capacity at the end of the period is selected as the output variable; a k , b k is the basic parameter of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function; k is the time period, the annual monthly scale takes the month as the calculation period, k = 1, 2...12.

[0059] It can be understood that for a univariate linear function, when the sample data is greater than 2, there is no unique a and b that make all Y=aX+b strictly true. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application uses the residual Y k -(a k X k +b k ) The minimum is the goal to find an acceptable set of a and b values. When the derivative of the sum of squares function is 0, Q takes the minimum value, and then a set of a and b values ​​that are acceptable for k months are obtained in turn. At this time, Y k =a k X k +b k a k , b k is considered as a set of vectors with respect to time.

[0060] Furthermore, based on the time vector a k , b k , the historical long series of runoff process data are processed by frequency sorting, and the optimized operation and dispatching rules of large hydropower station reservoirs on annual and monthly scales are calculated based on the frequency sorting results, forming an optimized dispatching rule set under typical scenarios of large hydropower station reservoirs.

[0061] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the risk of power abandonment of the channel sent by bundling hydropower and photovoltaic power is used as a penalty constraint condition, and the risk of power abandonment of the channel on an annual and monthly scale is reduced to or eliminated by adjusting the water level control conditions of the reservoir of the large hydropower station in the previous month. Among them, the risk of power abandonment of the sent channel is expressed by the power abandonment rate δ=(P w +P l ) / P, where δ is the channel abandonment rate of the water-photovoltaic complementary joint operation system in the basin; P w Contribute to hydropower; l is the photovoltaic output; P is the transmission channel limit.

[0062] It should be noted that in the formulation of annual and monthly scheduling rules, due to the regulation of large upstream hydropower station reservoirs, the downstream hydropower station reservoirs with poor regulation capabilities can maintain a high water level on average throughout the year to ensure maximum head efficiency.

[0063] Step 103, at the monthly and daily scale, the formulated annual and monthly scale scheduling rules are used as the scheduling boundaries of the monthly and daily scale, and a certain monthly daily predicted water inflow process and a typical photovoltaic day power generation process scenario are predetermined. The risk of power abandonment in the short-term transmission channel of the joint operation of hydropower and photovoltaic power is avoided by daytime smoothing within the month, and the obtained monthly and daily water level control process is used as the scheduling rule for hydropower consumption and photovoltaic power in this scenario.

[0064] In the implementation example of this application, in terms of the formulation of monthly-daily scale scheduling rules, the previously formulated annual-monthly scale scheduling rules can be considered as the boundary of the formulation of monthly-daily scale scheduling rules in this scenario. This boundary is not a rigid constraint, but more of an operating reference condition. In a scenario of a monthly daily predicted water inflow process and a typical photovoltaic daily power generation process, the monthly water level control conditions {Z1, Z2...Z 12} can be used as the starting boundary to avoid the risk of power abandonment in the short-term transmission channel of the joint operation of hydropower and photovoltaic power through daytime smoothing within the month. The obtained monthly and daily water level control process is the scheduling rule for hydropower consumption and photovoltaic power in this scenario.

[0065] It should be noted that, based on the experience of dispatchers and the simulation calculation of long-series runoff data, it can be judged that the periods of greatest risk of power abandonment in the basin cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary joint dispatching system are: first, when the upstream large hydropower station reservoir is operating in a large way during the dry season, and the downstream hydropower needs to match the operation and the photovoltaic output is large; second, when the hydropower regulation space is limited in the post-flood season and the photovoltaic power generation is continuous and large; third, when the hydropower has not yet vacated the regulation space after the flood season and the photovoltaic output is gradually increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen risk analysis for these three periods and implement feasible control measures in advance.

[0066] During the execution of daily scheduling, it is necessary to monitor the deviation between the actual operation and the preset scheduling rules in real time. If the previous operation mode deviates from the scheduling rules, adjustments should be made and efforts should be made to correct the deviation within the month or the next month to prevent the accumulation of deviations from affecting the scheduling rules.

[0067] Step 104, construct a complementary function of hydropower generation and energy storage benefits and photovoltaic power generation benefits under the dispatching rules to judge the benefits before and after the hydro-photovoltaic complementarity. If the benefits do not meet expectations, re-optimize the dispatching rules and formulate a final decision plan.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, electric energy revenue is selected as the evaluation indicator of the basin cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules. In combination with the different operating characteristics of the basin cascade hydropower stations and nearby photovoltaic stations, hydropower generation and energy storage benefits, and photovoltaic power generation benefits are selected as evaluation indicators, respectively. The benefits of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation are calculated based on the electricity volume and electricity price in each time period during the scheduling period, and the hydropower energy storage revenue is calculated based on the revenue corresponding to the reservoir energy storage increment at the end of the scheduling period relative to the beginning of the scheduling period.

[0069] The expression of the complementary function is:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, E P is the total benefit of the basin cascade water-photovoltaic complementary system; E w For the water electronic system benefits; E l is the benefit of the photovoltaic subsystem; b is the weight corresponding to the water electronic system and the photovoltaic subsystem; P w，t is the hydropower price; N w，t is the average hydropower output during the calculation period; Δt is the calculation period; is the average hydropower price during the dispatch period; ΔE is the hydropower energy storage increment during the dispatch period, and a negative value is obtained when the energy storage decreases; P l，t is the photovoltaic electricity price; N l，t It is the average photovoltaic power output during the calculation period. The abandoned power is a negative value.

[0072] In order to better illustrate the method for formulating cascaded water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a detailed schematic diagram of the method for formulating cascaded water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications. Figure 2 As shown, the method may include the following process:

[0073] 1. Start: The process starts.

[0074] 2. Load the annual and monthly inflow data of each reservoir in the basin: Input the predicted inflow data {Q1, Q2...Q 12}, providing basic data for scheduling rule formulation.

[0075] 3. Based on the inflow data, predict the future water level changes of the reservoir as the basis for determining the water level control target.

[0076] 4. Select large hydropower station reservoirs with good regulation performance: Select reservoirs with strong regulation capabilities in the system as the main reservoirs for annual and monthly scheduling to ensure the long-term stability and reliability of their scheduling decisions.

[0077] 5. Determine the water level control target on an annual and monthly basis: According to the regulation requirements, set the monthly target water level of the reservoir {Z1, Z2...Z 12}.

[0078] 6. Determine whether the boundary conditions of reservoir regulation capacity are met:

[0079] If the conditions are met, continue to formulate scheduling rules; if not, adjust the target water level and boundary conditions to ensure that the regulation capacity is achieved.

[0080] 7. Determine the risk of power abandonment: Assess the risk of power abandonment in the joint transmission channel of photovoltaic power and hydropower. If the risk of power abandonment is high, the dispatching rules need to be further optimized.

[0081] 8. Optimize the scheduling rules based on yearly and monthly scales:

[0082] If conditions permit, formulate scheduling rules on an annual and monthly scale to ensure the coordinated operation of hydropower and photovoltaic power is stable in the long term; if there is a high risk of power abandonment or insufficient regulation capacity, adjust the water level control conditions or target water level.

[0083] 9. Input the scheduling parameters on the monthly and daily scale: On the monthly time scale, load the monthly reservoir start and end water levels as the control boundaries on the monthly and daily scale.

[0084] 10. Check whether the monthly and daily scheduling rules meet the annual and monthly scheduling boundaries:

[0085] If it meets the requirements, continue; if it does not meet the requirements, the monthly target water level boundaries need to be readjusted to ensure consistency.

[0086] 11. Load daily forecast data and typical PV output scenarios: Input the forecast inflow data and PV daily output for each day of the month.

[0087] 12. Smooth the water level changes during the day to avoid the risk of short-term power abandonment: Through smooth control of the water level during the day, the risk of power abandonment in the transmission channel in the short term can be avoided, ensuring the efficiency of joint operation during the day.

[0088] 13. Daily operation deviation monitoring: Identify the scenarios with high risk of power abandonment in three channels and monitor the deviation between the actual water level and the dispatching rules. If the deviation from the dispatching rules is too large, make adjustments; if the deviation is small, continue to execute the dispatching rules.

[0089] 14. Determine whether the deviation can be corrected within the specified period: If the deviation can be corrected within the month or a maximum of multiple months, make adjustments; if it cannot be corrected, further control measures need to be formulated to avoid accumulation of deviations.

[0090] 15. Conduct electricity revenue analysis: Calculate the comprehensive revenue based on the output and power abandonment of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation, and determine the rationality of the dispatching rules.

[0091] 16. Determine whether the scheduling rules meet the requirements of profit maximization: if so, execute the current scheduling plan; if not, re-optimize the scheduling rules.

[0092] 17. Formulate the final decision plan: Based on the comprehensive analysis results, formulate the final scheduling decision plan to improve the overall benefits of the water-solar complementary system.

[0093] 18. End: The process ends, the final scheduling plan is generated, and the actual operation stage begins.

[0094] In order to verify that the method for formulating cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules based on practical applications proposed in the embodiment of the present application is legal and economical, an example is given by taking the joint complementary operation system of two cascade hydropower station reservoirs and photovoltaic stations in a certain river basin as an example.

[0095] Among them, the first-level hydropower station reservoir has annual regulation performance, the second-level hydropower station reservoir has seasonal regulation performance, the second-level has photovoltaic power access and is transmitted through the same channel as hydropower. In the near future, the ratio of photovoltaic and hydropower installed capacity is about 1:3, and in the long term, the ratio of photovoltaic and hydropower installed capacity is 1:1.

[0096] (1) The formulation of the annual-monthly dispatching rules is based on the premise that the regulatory role of the first-level hydropower station reservoir in the system to store water for surplus and compensate for shortage is not changed. Taking the multi-year average water inflow as the pre-input of the monthly forecast inflow process in a certain year, the utilization rate of the transmission channel in each month before the optimization of water-solar complementary in the short-term and long-term scenarios is shown in Table 1.

[0097] Table 1 Channel utilization rate in each month before optimization of water-photovoltaic complementarity

[0098]

[0099] (2) Combine long series of hydrological data to calculate the optimized dispatching rule scenario set, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0100] (3) The utilization rate of the delivery channel in each month after the pre-optimization of the water level process of the first-level hydropower station reservoir is shown in Table 2. The sensitivity analysis of the delivery channel utilization rate combined with the historical runoff data is shown in Table 3. The water level process of the first-level hydropower station reservoir before and after the optimization on a monthly scale is shown in Table 3. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the optimized water level process serves as the annual and monthly scheduling rules for the reservoir of the first-stage hydropower station in the water-solar complementary system.

[0101] It can be seen that after connecting to photovoltaic power and bundling and sending out cascade hydropower in the basin, hydropower needs to reserve more regulating reservoir capacity to promote photovoltaic consumption; and when the water inflow is not extremely abundant, it can be considered that there is no risk of power abandonment on an annual and monthly scale after optimization. The sensitivity calculation results show that the periods with high channel utilization are also mainly concentrated in the period before the flood season when the reservoir of the first-level large hydropower station is concentrated and the photovoltaic output is high, as well as the period when the water inflow is large during the flood season and the hydropower regulation space is limited. At the same time, the uneven distribution of water inflow during the year may cause short-term concentrated delivery.

[0102] Table 2 Channel utilization rate in each month after optimization of water-photovoltaic complementarity

[0103]

[0104] Table 3 Channel utilization sensitivity analysis

[0105] January February March April May June July August September October November December 57％ 58％ 68％ 69％ 68％ 84％ 88％ 96％ 89％ 78％ 79％ 79％ 54％ 58％ 67％ 71％ 71％ 71％ 71％ 72％ 70％ 88％ 61％ 61％ 54％ 55％ 59％ 69％ 67％ 69％ 71％ 71％ 72％ 80％ 61％ 60％ 53％ 54％ 60％ 65％ 66％ 65％ 65％ 66％ 78％ 60％ 59％ 59％ 54％ 55％ 58％ 61％ 61％ 60％ 60％ 61％ 60％ 60％ 61％ 61％ 50％ 52％ 57％ 59％ 59％ 58％ 58％ 58％ 58％ 58％ 59％ 58％ 47％ 50％ 52％ 57％ 57％ 56％ 56％ 57％ 59％ 54％ 55％ 54％

[0106] (4) The second-level hydropower station is regulated by the upstream and can maintain a high water level on an annual and monthly basis.

[0107] (5) The monthly-scale dispatching rules of the first-level hydropower station reservoir calculated in the above steps are used as the boundary conditions for the formulation of the monthly-day dispatching rules. This boundary condition is not a rigid constraint. The risk of power abandonment in the short-term transmission channel of the joint operation of hydropower and photovoltaic power is avoided by smoothing the daytime within the month. The monthly-day water level control process obtained is the dispatching rule for hydropower to consume photovoltaic power in this scenario. The operation mode before and after the complementary dispatch of hydropower and photovoltaic power in a typical day is as follows: Figure 5(a) and 5(b) The following is an example of the scenario where the hydropower inflow is large during the flood season and the regulation space is limited and the photovoltaic power generation is continuous and large. Figure 6As shown in the figure, when it is predicted that photovoltaic power may have a continuous large-scale scenario, hydropower regulation space should be appropriately reserved. If the previous operation mode deviates from the established dispatching rules, it should strive to return to normal as many times as possible within a month to avoid deviation accumulation.

[0108] (6) In the embodiment, the average electricity price of 300 yuan / MWh is used as an example for calculation. On the annual-month scale, in the long-term scenario, the loss of abandoned electricity was reduced by 39.7 million yuan before and after the cascaded hydro-photovoltaic complementary joint operation in September, and the recent scenario also effectively reduced the utilization rate of the transmission channels in each month. On the monthly-daily scale, such as in embodiments 5(a) and 5(b), the loss of abandoned electricity was reduced by 700,000 yuan before and after the cascaded hydro-photovoltaic complementary joint operation in the typical day. This shows that the method of this application is reasonably economical.

[0109] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided by the above embodiments.

[0110] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the methods provided by the above embodiments.

[0111] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the methods provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0112] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of user personal information involved in this application are in compliance with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0113] It should be noted that personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be carried out after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign the agreement / authorization including authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps should be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with its privacy policy and procedures.

[0114] The present application is expected to provide an implementation scheme for users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, the present disclosure is expected to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once the personal information data is no longer needed, the risk can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting the data. In addition, when applicable, such personal information is de-identified to protect the privacy of the user.

[0115] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0116] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0117] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0118] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0119] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0120] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0121] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0122] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0123] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps recorded in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the expected results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0124] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for formulating scheduling rules for cascaded water-solar complementary power generation based on practical applications, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select large hydropower station reservoirs with good regulation performance as the dispatching subjects on an annual and monthly basis, and set their annual and monthly target water levels according to the predicted water level changes; At the annual and monthly scale, the risk of power abandonment in the bundled transmission channels of hydropower and photovoltaic power is embedded in the dispatching function as a punitive constraint. By adjusting the control boundaries of the operation of large hydropower station reservoirs in the previous months, the risk of power abandonment in the channels at the annual and monthly scale is reduced or eliminated, and the annual and monthly dispatching rules for large hydropower station reservoirs under the conditions of hydropower and photovoltaic complementarity are formulated; At the monthly and daily scale, the formulated annual and monthly scale dispatching rules are used as the dispatching boundaries of the monthly and daily scale, and a certain monthly daily predicted water inflow process and a typical photovoltaic power generation process scenario are scheduled. The risk of power abandonment in the short-term transmission channel of the joint operation of water and photovoltaic power is avoided by smoothing during the daytime within the month, and the obtained monthly and daily water level control process is used as the dispatching rule for hydropower to consume photovoltaic power in this scenario; A complementary function of hydropower generation, energy storage benefits and photovoltaic power generation benefits under the dispatching rules is constructed to judge the benefits before and after hydro-photovoltaic complementarity. If the benefits do not meet expectations, the dispatching rules are re-optimized and a final decision plan is formulated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of selecting a large hydropower station reservoir with good regulation performance as the dispatching subject on an annual and monthly scale and setting its annual and monthly target water level according to the predicted water level change includes: Load the annual and monthly inflow data of each reservoir in the basin, and predict the monthly reservoir water level change trend based on the monthly inflow; Select large hydropower station reservoirs whose regulation performance and regulation capacity meet the preset requirements as the dispatching subjects for the formulation of annual and monthly dispatching rules; Based on the predicted monthly water level changes and the demand characteristics of the power system, a monthly target water level control value is set for the reservoir to ensure that the reservoir can play a medium- and long-term regulatory role in the power system while meeting the overall water demand of the basin.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that At the annual and monthly scale, the risk of power abandonment in the hydropower and photovoltaic bundled transmission channels is embedded in the dispatching function as a penalty constraint condition. By adjusting the control boundary of the operation of the large hydropower station reservoir in the previous month, the risk of power abandonment in the channel at the annual and monthly scale is reduced to or eliminated. The annual and monthly dispatching rules for the large hydropower station reservoir under the condition of water-photovoltaic complementarity are formulated, including: Based on the annual and monthly forecast of the inflow of large hydropower station reservoirs {Q1, Q2...Q 12 } as the pre-input, using the univariate linear function Y k =a k X k +b k As the basic form of the cascade water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function, X k , Y k are the input and output variables of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function, the sum of the initial storage capacity of the reservoir and the water volume entering the reservoir during the period is selected as the input variable, and the storage capacity at the end of the period is selected as the output variable; a k 、b k is the basic parameter of the cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function; k is the time period, the annual monthly scale is calculated with the month as the time period, k = 1, 2...12; The cascade water-photovoltaic complementary scheduling function is solved, and the residual Y k -(a k X k +b k ) The minimum is the goal to find an acceptable set of a and b values. When the derivative of the sum of squares function is 0, Q takes the minimum value, and then a set of a and b values ​​that are acceptable for k months are obtained in turn. At this time, Y k =a k X k +b k a k 、b k is considered as a set of vectors with respect to time; Based on the time vector a k 、b k , frequency sorting is performed on the historical long series of runoff process data, and the annual and monthly optimized operation and dispatching rules of large hydropower station reservoirs are calculated based on the frequency sorting results, forming an optimized dispatching rule set under typical scenarios of large hydropower station reservoirs; The risk of power abandonment in the channel of bundling hydropower and photovoltaic power sources is taken as a penalty constraint condition. By adjusting the water level control conditions of the reservoir of the large hydropower station in the previous month, the risk of power abandonment in the channel on the annual and monthly scale is reduced to or eliminated. Among them, the risk of power abandonment in the channel is expressed by the power abandonment rate δ=(P w +P l ) / P, where δ is the channel abandonment rate of the water-photovoltaic complementary joint operation system in the basin; P w Contribute to hydropower; l is the photovoltaic output; P is the transmission channel limit.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Also includes: During the execution of daily scheduling, the deviation between actual operation and preset scheduling rules is monitored. If the previous operation mode deviates from the scheduling rules, adjustments are made and the deviation is corrected within the month or the next month to prevent the accumulation of deviations from affecting the scheduling rules.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The construction of the complementary function of hydropower generation, energy storage benefit and photovoltaic power generation benefit under the dispatching rule includes: Electric energy revenue is selected as the evaluation index of the basin cascade hydro-photovoltaic complementary scheduling rules. Combined with the different operating characteristics of the basin cascade hydropower stations and nearby photovoltaic stations, hydropower generation and energy storage benefits, and photovoltaic power generation benefits are selected as evaluation indicators respectively. The expression of the complementary function is: In the formula, E P is the total benefit of the basin cascade water-photovoltaic complementary system; E w For the benefit of water electronic system; E l is the benefit of the photovoltaic subsystem; b is the weight corresponding to the water electronic system and the photovoltaic subsystem; P w,t is the hydropower price; N w,t is the average hydropower output during the calculation period; Δt is the calculation period; is the average hydropower price during the dispatch period; ΔE is the hydropower energy storage increment during the dispatch period, and a negative value is obtained when the energy storage decreases; P l,t is the photovoltaic electricity price; N l,t It is the average photovoltaic power output during the calculation period. The abandoned power is a negative value.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed by a processor.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when being executed by a processor.

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