Plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage micro-grid system and power generation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage micro-grid system and a power generation method thereof, and the method comprises the steps: converting light energy into electric energy through a photovoltaic panel laid on a plateau tunnel mountain top, and transmitting the electric energy to a water pump controller, so as to control a water pump to start pumping water; water in a low-level water storage pool arranged in the fire fighting system is pumped into a high-level water tank through water pumping of a water pump, and water pumping and energy storage are completed. Water in the high-level water tank is drained to the low-level reservoir for hydroelectric power generation, and generated alternating-current electric energy is output to a commercial power grid. The characteristics that the plateau tunnel mountain top is open and the sunshine receiving time is long, and the water level difference between the high-level water tank and the low-level water storage pool of the fire fighting system is extremely high are fully utilized, uncontrollable photovoltaic output is converted into potential energy of water, photovoltaic uncontrollable factors are eliminated through the large inertia of water storage of the water system, and the fire fighting system is high in reliability. And the output of the whole micro-grid becomes controllable and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system and a power generation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The capacity of photovoltaic power generation is also increasing. The characteristics of photovoltaic power generation make it difficult to connect its electricity to the large power grid. Many units and individuals are studying how to use photovoltaic energy efficiently and stably. The existing technologies mainly include: proposing an adaptive wind-solar complementary heating system; taking hydropower as the main body, making full use of the valley wind unique to hydropower stations, using solar energy, biomass energy and other relatively concentrated renewable energy sources on site, gathering them around the hydropower station, and forming a multi-energy integrated complementary power generation system centered on hydropower, wind, solar energy and biomass; and using the active power output of small hydropower groups to adjust the power balance of grid-connected wind power; replacing the traditional wind-solar complementary system energy storage device - battery pack with a pumped storage power generation system, and using a reversible pump turbine in the pumped storage unit to pump water or generate electricity, and using the segmented integration method to monitor and control the energy of the upper water tank of the pumped storage unit; and so on.

[0003] However, the above systems are basically located in remote areas, far away from load centers. When the grid capacity is limited, the utilization efficiency of the system is relatively low and it is unable to effectively supplement the grid.

[0004] The present invention is based on the fact that the top of the plateau tunnel receives sunlight for a long time, and there is a certain height difference between the high-level water tank and the low-level water pool of the fire-fighting system inside it. Photovoltaic panels of considerable scale can be arranged on the top of the mountain, and the fire-fighting water system can be utilized. The two are combined to form a system that can provide stable electricity to power the plateau tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a high-altitude tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system and a power generation method thereof to solve the problem of low energy utilization efficiency of photovoltaic power generation in the prior art, and can effectively supplement the power supply of high-altitude tunnels.

[0006] According to the first aspect, an embodiment provides a plateau tunnel fire photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system, the microgrid system comprising a photovoltaic power generation system, a water pumping system and a hydropower unit power generation system;

[0007] The photovoltaic power generation system is used to convert light energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels laid on the top of the plateau tunnel and transmit it to the water pump controller to control the water pump to start pumping water;

[0008] The water pumping system is used to pump water from the low-level water storage tank equipped with the fire protection system to the high-level water tank to complete pumping and storage;

[0009] The hydroelectric generating system is used for generating hydroelectric power by draining water from a high-level water tank into a low-level water reservoir, and outputting the generated AC power to a city grid.

[0010] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation system is arranged on the top of a plateau tunnel mountain, and the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation group and a photovoltaic power generation controller; the photovoltaic power generation group is connected to the photovoltaic power generation controller.

[0011] Further, the water pumping system includes a water pump controller, a water pump, a low-level water reservoir and a high-level water tank;

[0012] The water pump controller is connected to the photovoltaic power generation controller, the water pump controller is connected to the water pump, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the low-level water reservoir, the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the high-level water tank, a first solenoid valve is provided between the water pump and the high-level water tank, and the first solenoid valve is connected to the water pump controller;

[0013] The water pump controller is used to control the water flow rate by adjusting the input power of the water pump and the opening of the first solenoid valve, so as to control the water pump to smoothly pump water from the low-level water reservoir to the high-level water tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the water pumping system is also connected to an energy storage inverter system, and the energy storage inverter system includes an inverter controller, an energy storage unit and a charging controller;

[0015] The water pump controller is connected to the inverter controller, the inverter controller is connected to the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is connected to the charging controller, and the charging controller is connected to the city grid;

[0016] The charging controller is used to control the charging of the energy storage unit, and absorbs electric energy from the city grid and stores it in the energy storage unit during the low load period of the power grid at night;

[0017] The inverter controller is used to control the energy storage unit to output according to the required output of the water pump according to the control instructions when the photovoltaic power generation output changes during the high-load period of the daytime power grid, convert the direct current stored in the energy storage unit into alternating current and transmit it to the water pump controller, so that the output of the energy storage unit is combined with the photovoltaic output to achieve smooth operation of the water pump.

[0018] Furthermore, the hydroelectric power generation system includes a turbine, a generator and a hydroelectric unit controller;

[0019] One end of the water turbine is connected to a high-level water tank, and the other end is connected to a low-level water tank. A second solenoid valve is arranged between the water turbine and the high-level water tank. The water turbine is connected to a generator, and the generator is connected to a hydropower unit controller. The second solenoid valve is connected to the hydropower unit controller, and the hydropower unit controller is connected to the city grid. The hydropower unit controller is used to control the second solenoid valve and the generator to realize the transmission of voltage-controllable alternating current to the city grid.

[0020] Furthermore, the low-level water reservoir is connected to the municipal water supply system through a valve. When the water level in the low-level water reservoir is lower than the minimum water level, water is replenished from the municipal water supply by opening the valve.

[0021] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation controller is used to control the photovoltaic power generation group to generate electricity according to the photovoltaic maximum power point tracking method.

[0022] Furthermore, the microgrid system also includes a microgrid control platform, and the photovoltaic power generation system, water pumping system and hydropower unit power generation system are all connected to the microgrid control platform. The microgrid control platform is used to control the operation of the subsystems and monitor the operating status of the entire microgrid system.

[0023] According to the second aspect, an embodiment provides a power generation method for a plateau tunnel fire photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system, the method comprising:

[0024] Photovoltaic panels installed on the top of the plateau tunnel convert light energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the water pump controller to control the water pump to start pumping water;

[0025] Use a water pump to pump water from the low-level water storage tank equipped with the fire protection system to the high-level water tank to complete pumped storage;

[0026] The water in the high-level water tank is drained into the low-level water reservoir for hydropower generation, and the generated AC power is exported to the municipal grid.

[0027] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0028] During the low load period of the power grid at night, electric energy is absorbed from the city grid and stored in the energy storage unit;

[0029] During the daytime high-load period of the power grid, when the photovoltaic power generation output changes, the energy storage unit is controlled according to the control instructions to output according to the required output of the water pump, and the DC power stored in the energy storage unit is converted into AC power and transmitted to the water pump controller, so that the output of the energy storage unit is combined with the photovoltaic output to achieve smooth operation of the water pump.

[0030] The present application provides a plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system and a power generation method thereof, wherein the microgrid system includes a photovoltaic power generation system, a water pumping system and a hydroelectric generator set power generation system; the photovoltaic power generation system is used to utilize the photovoltaic panels laid on the top of the plateau tunnel to convert light energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the water pump controller to control the water pump to start pumping water; the water pumping system is used to pump water from a low-level water tank equipped with a fire-fighting system to a high-level water tank through a water pump to complete pumped storage; the hydroelectric generator set power generation system is used to perform hydropower generation by draining water from the high-level water tank to the low-level water tank, and output the generated AC power to the municipal grid. The present invention makes full use of the characteristics of the long sunshine time on the top of the plateau tunnel and the extremely high water level difference between the high-level water tank and the low-level fire water pool of the fire-fighting system equipped therein, converts the uncontrollable photovoltaic output into the potential energy of water, utilizes the large inertia of the water system to store water, eliminates the uncontrollable factors of photovoltaic power, and makes the output of the entire microgrid controllable and stable; the microgrid system in the present invention is composed of the hydropower system of the mountaintop photovoltaic, water pump unit and hydropower unit, energy storage unit, and microgrid control platform, and there is an information exchange channel between the microgrid control platform and the hydropower system of the mountaintop photovoltaic, water pump unit and hydropower unit, and energy storage unit; the microgrid control platform collects all the information of the microgrid, including power generation information, load information, environmental information, etc., and issues control instructions to the hydropower unit, energy storage unit, etc. through the optimization algorithm, so that the microgrid output can be voltage-regulated, frequency-regulated, and active and reactive power controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a highland tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1- microgrid control platform; 2- photovoltaic power generation group; 3- photovoltaic power generation controller; 4- energy storage unit; 5- inverter controller; 6- water pump controller; 7- water pump; 8- first solenoid valve; 9- low-level water reservoir; 10- high-level water tank; 11- second solenoid valve; 12- turbine; 13- generator; 14- hydropower unit controller; 15- charging controller; 16- city grid; 17- valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below by specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein similar elements in different embodiments adopt associated similar element numbers. In the following embodiments, many detailed descriptions are for making the present application better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some features can be omitted in different situations, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, methods. In some cases, some operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification, this is to avoid the core part of the present application being overwhelmed by too much description, and for those skilled in the art, it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail, and they can fully understand the related operations according to the description in the specification and the general technical knowledge in the art.

[0034] In addition, the features, operations or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate manner to form various implementations. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can also be interchanged or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various sequences in the specification and the drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing a certain embodiment and are not meant to be a required sequence, unless otherwise specified that a certain sequence must be followed.

[0035] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a plateau tunnel fire photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the microgrid system includes a photovoltaic power generation system, a water pumping system and a hydropower generation system.

[0036] The photovoltaic power generation system is used to convert light energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels laid on the top of the plateau tunnel and transmit it to the water pump controller to control the water pump to start pumping water.

[0037] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation system is set on the top of the plateau tunnel. The photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic power generation group 2 and a photovoltaic power generation controller; the photovoltaic power generation group 2 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation controller 3, and the photovoltaic power generation controller 3 is used to control the photovoltaic power generation group 2 to generate electricity according to the photovoltaic maximum power tracking method.

[0038] The water pumping system is used to pump water from the low-level water storage tank equipped with the fire protection system to the high-level water tank through a water pump to complete pumping storage.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water pump system includes a water pump controller 6, a water pump 7, a low-level water reservoir 9 and a high-level water tank 10; the water pump controller 6 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation controller 3, the water pump controller 6 is connected to the water pump 7, the water inlet of the water pump 7 is connected to the low-level water reservoir 9, the water outlet of the water pump 7 is connected to the high-level water tank 10, and the height of the high-level water tank 10 is higher than the height of the low-level water reservoir 9. A first electromagnetic valve 8 is provided between the water pump 7 and the high-level water tank 10, and the first electromagnetic valve 8 is connected to the water pump controller 6; the water pump controller 6 is used to control the water flow rate by adjusting the input power of the water pump 7 and the opening of the first electromagnetic valve 8, so as to control the water pump 7 to pump the water in the low-level water reservoir 9 to the high-level water tank 10 smoothly.

[0040] The low-level water storage tank 9 is connected to the municipal water supply system through a valve 17. When the water level in the low-level water storage tank 9 is lower than the minimum water level, water is replenished from the municipal water supply by opening the valve 17.

[0041] The water pump 7 pumping system is also connected to an energy storage inverter system, which includes an inverter controller 5, an energy storage unit 4 and a charging controller 15; the water pump controller 6 is connected to the inverter controller 5, the inverter controller 5 is connected to the energy storage unit 4, the energy storage unit 4 is connected to the charging controller 15, and the charging controller 15 is connected to the city grid.

[0042] The charging controller 15 is used to control the charging of the energy storage unit 4. During the low load period of the power grid at night, it absorbs electric energy from the municipal grid and stores it in the energy storage unit 4. The inverter controller 5 is used to control the energy storage unit 4 to output according to the output required by the water pump 7 according to the control instructions when the photovoltaic power generation output changes during the high load period of the power grid during the day. The DC power stored in the energy storage unit 4 is converted into AC power and transmitted to the water pump controller 6, so that the output of the energy storage unit 4 is combined with the photovoltaic output to achieve smooth operation of the water pump 7.

[0043] In this embodiment, the inverter controller 5 receives control instructions from the microgrid control platform 1 to invert the DC input of the energy storage unit 4 to transmit three AC powers to the water pump controller 6. The charging controller 15 receives instructions from the microgrid control platform 1 to control the charging of the energy storage unit 4 and absorb electrical energy from the 0.4Kv municipal grid.

[0044] The hydroelectric generating system is used to generate hydroelectric power by draining water from the high-level water tank 10 into the low-level water reservoir 9 , and output the generated AC power to the city grid 16 .

[0045] In this embodiment, the hydroelectric power generation system includes a turbine 12, a generator 13 and a hydroelectric unit controller 14; one end of the turbine 12 is connected to the high-level water tank 10, and the other end is connected to the low-level water reservoir 9. A second solenoid valve 11 is arranged between the turbine 12 and the high-level water tank 10. The turbine 12 is connected to the generator 13. The water in the high-level water tank 10 can flow and drive the turbine 12 to discharge water to the low-level water reservoir 9 by opening the second solenoid valve 11. The turbine 12 drives the generator 13 to generate 0.4Kv AC power.

[0046] The generator 13 is connected to the hydropower unit controller 14, the second solenoid valve 11 is connected to the hydropower unit controller 14, and the hydropower unit controller 14 is connected to the city grid 16. The hydropower unit controller 14 is used to control the second solenoid valve 11 and the generator 13 to realize the transmission of voltage-controlled AC power to the city grid 16. Specifically, the hydropower unit controller 14 receives instructions from the microgrid control platform 1 to control the second solenoid valve 11 and the generator 13 to perform speed and voltage regulation and other controls, and outputs controllable 0.4Kv three-phase AC power to the 0.4Kv city grid.

[0047] The present invention utilizes the water system in the tunnel fire protection system to form a water pump 7 unit to pump water and store energy into a high-level water tank 10. The water in the high-level water tank 10 drives a small hydroelectric generator unit to generate 0.4kv three-phase alternating current; photovoltaic panels are laid on the top of the mountain, and after convergence, the water is transmitted to the water pump controller 6 through the photovoltaic inverter controller 5 to supply power to the water pump unit; the water pump controller 6 controls the water pump 7 to pump water and store energy. When the photovoltaic power generation output changes, it sends instructions to the inverter controller 5 of the energy storage unit 4, so that the output of the energy storage unit 4 and the photovoltaic output are combined to enable the water pump 7 to operate smoothly; the energy storage unit 4 absorbs electric energy from the large power grid during the low load period at night, and cooperates with the microgrid system to transmit power to the large power grid during the high load period during the day. Its inverter controller 5 controls the energy storage unit 4 to output according to the output required by the water pump 7, and its charging controller 15 uses the load of the power grid as the time basis, and charges with the maximum current when the load is the lowest.

[0048] In this embodiment, the microgrid system also includes a microgrid control platform 1, and the photovoltaic power generation system, the water pump 7 pumping system and the hydropower unit power generation system are all connected to the microgrid control platform 1. The microgrid control platform 1 is used to control the operation of the subsystems and monitor the operating status of the entire microgrid system. In this embodiment, the microgrid control platform 1 communicates bidirectionally with the hydropower unit controller 14, the inverter controller 5, the charging controller 15 and the water pump controller 6.

[0049] In this embodiment, there are information exchange channels between the microgrid control platform 1 and the hydropower system of the mountaintop photovoltaic, water pump unit and hydropower unit, and the energy storage unit 4; the microgrid control platform 1 collects all the information of the microgrid, including power generation information, load information, environmental information, etc., and issues control instructions to the hydropower unit, energy storage unit 4, etc. through the optimization algorithm, so that the microgrid output can perform voltage regulation, frequency regulation, active and reactive power control, etc.

[0050] Corresponding to the above-disclosed plateau tunnel fire photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a plateau tunnel fire photovoltaic energy storage microgrid method, which specifically includes:

[0051] S100, using the photovoltaic panels laid on the top of the plateau tunnel to convert light energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the water pump controller 6 to control the water pump 7 to start pumping water;

[0052] S200, pumping water from the low-level water storage tank 9 equipped with the fire protection system to the high-level water tank 10 through the water pump 7 to complete the pumping energy storage;

[0053] S300, draining the water in the high-level water tank 10 into the low-level water reservoir 9 for hydroelectric power generation, and outputting the generated AC power to the municipal grid 16.

[0054] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0055] During the low load period of the power grid at night, electric energy is absorbed from the city grid 16 and stored in the energy storage unit 4;

[0056] During the high-load period of the daytime power grid, when the photovoltaic power generation output changes, the energy storage unit 4 is controlled according to the control instructions to output according to the required output of the water pump 7, and the DC power stored in the energy storage unit 4 is converted into AC power and transmitted to the water pump controller 6, so that the output of the energy storage unit 4 is combined with the photovoltaic output to achieve smooth operation of the water pump 7.

[0057] It should be noted that for the detailed description of a plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, reference can be made to the relevant description of a plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system provided in an embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.

[0058] The above specific examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which is only used to help understand the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, according to the concept of the present invention, some simple deductions, modifications or substitutions can be made.

Claims

1. A plateau tunnel fire photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system, characterized in that: The microgrid system includes a photovoltaic power generation system, a water pumping system and a hydropower unit power generation system; The photovoltaic power generation system is used to convert light energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels laid on the top of the plateau tunnel and transmit it to the water pump controller to control the water pump to start pumping water; The water pumping system is used to pump water from the low-level water storage tank equipped with the fire protection system to the high-level water tank to complete pumping and storage; The hydroelectric generating system is used for generating hydroelectric power by draining water from a high-level water tank into a low-level water reservoir, and outputting the generated AC power to a city grid.

2. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation system is arranged on the top of a plateau tunnel mountain. The photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation group and a photovoltaic power generation controller. The photovoltaic power generation group is connected to the photovoltaic power generation controller.

3. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The water pumping system comprises a water pump controller, a water pump, a low-level water reservoir and a high-level water tank; The water pump controller is connected to the photovoltaic power generation controller, the water pump controller is connected to the water pump, the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the low-level water reservoir, the water outlet of the water pump is connected to the high-level water tank, a first solenoid valve is provided between the water pump and the high-level water tank, and the first solenoid valve is connected to the water pump controller; The water pump controller is used to control the water flow rate by adjusting the input power of the water pump and the opening of the first solenoid valve, so as to control the water pump to smoothly pump water from the low-level water reservoir to the high-level water tank.

4. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The water pumping system is also connected to an energy storage inverter system, which includes an inverter controller, an energy storage unit and a charging controller; The water pump controller is connected to the inverter controller, the inverter controller is connected to the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is connected to the charging controller, and the charging controller is connected to the city grid; The charging controller is used to control the charging of the energy storage unit, and absorbs electric energy from the city grid and stores it in the energy storage unit during the low load period of the power grid at night; The inverter controller is used to control the energy storage unit to output according to the required output of the water pump according to the control instructions when the photovoltaic power generation output changes during the high-load period of the daytime power grid, convert the direct current stored in the energy storage unit into alternating current and transmit it to the water pump controller, so that the output of the energy storage unit is combined with the photovoltaic output to achieve smooth operation of the water pump.

5. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroelectric power generation system includes a water turbine, a generator and a hydroelectric unit controller; One end of the water turbine is connected to a high-level water tank, and the other end is connected to a low-level water tank. A second solenoid valve is arranged between the water turbine and the high-level water tank. The water turbine is connected to a generator, and the generator is connected to a hydropower unit controller. The second solenoid valve is connected to the hydropower unit controller, and the hydropower unit controller is connected to the city grid. The hydropower unit controller is used to control the second solenoid valve and the generator to realize the transmission of voltage-controllable alternating current to the city grid.

6. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The low-level water reservoir is connected to the municipal water supply system through a valve. When the water level in the low-level water reservoir is lower than the minimum water level, water is replenished from the municipal water supply by opening the valve.

7. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation controller is used to control the photovoltaic power generation group to generate electricity according to the photovoltaic maximum power point tracking method.

8. A plateau tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The microgrid system also includes a microgrid control platform. The photovoltaic power generation system, the water pumping system and the hydropower unit power generation system are all connected to the microgrid control platform. The microgrid control platform is used to control the operation of the subsystems and monitor the operating status of the entire microgrid system.

9. A power generation method for a highland tunnel fire fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises: Photovoltaic panels installed on the top of the plateau tunnel convert light energy into electrical energy and transmit it to the water pump controller to control the water pump to start pumping water; Use a water pump to pump water from the low-level water storage tank equipped with the fire protection system to the high-level water tank to complete pumped storage; The water in the high-level water tank is drained into the low-level water reservoir for hydropower generation, and the generated AC power is exported to the municipal grid.

10. The power generation method of a highland tunnel fire-fighting photovoltaic energy storage microgrid system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further comprises: During the low load period of the power grid at night, electric energy is absorbed from the city grid and stored in the energy storage unit; During the daytime high-load period of the power grid, when the photovoltaic power generation output changes, the energy storage unit is controlled according to the control instructions to output according to the required output of the water pump, and the DC power stored in the energy storage unit is converted into AC power and transmitted to the water pump controller, so that the output of the energy storage unit is combined with the photovoltaic output to achieve smooth operation of the water pump.

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