Dynamic sound insulation test system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic sound insulation test system in a vehicle door system. The dynamic sound insulation test system comprises a sound insulation experiment system and a pressure difference generation device, the sound insulation experiment system comprises a sound source testing system and a receiving testing system which are communicated with each other, a door system sealing bin is arranged between the sound source testing system and the receiving testing system at an interval, and a door system test piece is mounted on the sealing bin; the pressure difference generating device is communicated with the door system sealing bin in a first pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealing bin is lower than the air pressure in the receiving test system, and in a second pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealing bin is higher than the air pressure in the receiving test system; the pressure difference generating device acts on the door system sealing bin to switch between a first pressure condition and a second pressure condition; the air pressure in the sealing bin of the door system can be adjusted through the pressure difference generating device, at the moment, the internal and external pressure difference condition under the dynamic working condition of train door operation can be simulated, and the sound insulation performance of the train door in actual operation can be reflected more truly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicle door systems, and in particular to a dynamic sound insulation testing system and method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's economy, the country's demand for improving people's livelihood supporting facilities has continued to increase. Rail transit, as an important means to improve residents' travel, has played an increasingly important role in economic development. Therefore, the riding comfort of rail transit has also received more and more attention. As an important part of rail transit vehicles, the sound insulation performance of the door system directly determines the comfort of passengers.

[0003] At present, the test methods for evaluating the sound insulation performance of door systems in the industry mostly adopt relevant standards of the construction industry, such as GB / T 19889.3-2005, GB / T8485-2008, ISO 10140-2:2021, etc. These test methods can only evaluate the sound insulation performance of the door system under static conditions after installation and commissioning, which is not affected by any external environment. This is obviously different from the working conditions when the passenger vehicle is running. During the operation of the vehicle, there will be an obvious internal and external pressure difference due to the influence of the surface airflow, which will cause the sealing performance of the door system to change accordingly, which will greatly affect the sound insulation performance of the door system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple and easy-to-implement dynamic sound insulation performance test method for door systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a dynamic sound insulation test system and method, which can conveniently simulate the installation and internal and external pressure difference conditions under the operating conditions of the vehicle door, and quickly and relatively accurately test the sound insulation performance of the door system under different internal and external pressure differences.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a dynamic sound insulation test system, which includes a sound insulation test system and a pressure difference generating device; the sound insulation test system includes a sound source test system and a receiving test system, a door system sealing chamber is provided at an opening between the sound source test system and the receiving test system, a door system test piece is installed on the sealing chamber, and the door system sealing chamber and the door system test piece form a closed space; The pressure difference generating device is connected to the door system sealed chamber, and the door system sealed chamber is provided with a first pressure condition and a second pressure condition. In the first pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber is lower than the air pressure in the receiving test system, and in the second pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber is higher than the air pressure in the receiving test system. The pressure difference generating device acts on the door system sealed chamber to switch between the first pressure condition and the second pressure condition, and the sound insulation test system is used for testing and calculating the sound insulation of the door system specimens.

[0006] According to a further solution of the present application, the receiving test system includes a receiving room, a receiving room sound generating device is arranged in the receiving room, a receiving room microphone is provided in the receiving room, and a signal of the receiving room microphone is transmitted to the second processor.

[0007] In a further solution, there are a plurality of receiving room microphones, and the plurality of receiving room microphones are arranged in the receiving room.

[0008] According to a further solution of the present application, the door system sealed chamber includes a sealed chamber, in which a polyhedron white noise sounding device, a sound source microphone and a pressure difference sensor are provided, the sound source microphone signal is transmitted to the first processor, and the pressure difference sensor signal is connected to the pressure difference generating device.

[0009] In a further solution, the pressure difference generating device includes a fan arranged outside the sound insulation test system, and a muffler is installed at the air outlet of the fan and is connected to the inside of the system sealing chamber through a pipeline.

[0010] A further solution also includes a frequency converter and control software, which receive signals from the pressure difference sensor and control the fan speed according to a set value.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a testing method based on the above-mentioned dynamic sound insulation testing system, which comprises the following steps: The door system test piece is installed on a sealing chamber to form the door system sealing chamber, and the door system sealing chamber is fixed at the test hole between the sound source test system and the receiving test system; The sealed chamber of the door system is switched to a first pressure condition, the air pressure in the sealed chamber of the door system is reduced, the air pressure in the receiving test system remains unchanged, and the sound insulation test system tests the sound insulation volume of the door system specimen under the first pressure condition; The sealed chamber of the door system is switched to a second pressure condition, the air pressure in the sealed chamber of the door system is increased, the air pressure in the receiving test system remains unchanged, and the sound insulation test system tests the sound insulation volume of the door system specimen under the second pressure condition.

[0012] Further solutions of this application, In the first pressure condition, the fan is started to discharge the air in the sealed chamber until the value of the pressure difference sensor reaches a preset value, and the sound insulation test system is tested; In the second pressure condition, the fan is started to pump air into the sealed chamber until the value of the pressure difference sensor reaches a preset value, and the sound insulation experimental system is tested.

[0013] It should be noted here that, during the test, the background noise in the receiving room measured under the conditions of the polyhedron white noise sounding device being turned off, the fan running and maintaining the pressure in the sealed chamber, and the average sound pressure level in the receiving room measured under the conditions of the polyhedron white noise sounding device being turned on, the fan running and maintaining the pressure in the sealed chamber, shall not differ by less than 6dB.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: The dynamic sound insulation test system designed in the present application is characterized in that the air pressure in the sealed chamber of the door system can be adjusted by a pressure difference generating device. At this time, the air pressure in the sealed chamber of the system can increase or decrease relative to the air pressure in the receiving test system. At this time, the internal and external pressure difference conditions under the dynamic operation conditions of the train door can be simulated. Compared with the traditional static working condition testing method, this equipment can more realistically reflect the sound insulation performance of the door during actual operation, and provide a basis for the design and improvement of the sound insulation performance of the door system products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic sound insulation testing system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] in: 1. Sound insulation test system; 2. Pressure difference generating device; 3. Pressure difference sensor; 101, sound source test system; 102, receiving test system; 103, test hole; 101-1, sound source room; 101-2, polyhedral white noise sounding device; 101-3, first processor; 101-4, sound source microphone; 102-1, receiving room; 102-2, receiving room sounding device; 102-3, second processor; 102-4, receiving room microphone; 103-1, cement brick wall; 201. Sealed chamber of door system; 201-1. Sealed chamber; 201-2. Test piece of door system; 201-3. High sound insulation structure around door system; 202. Fan; 203. Frequency converter and control software; 204. Muffler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present application and its application or use. Embodiment 1

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic sound insulation test system is provided in this embodiment, which includes a sound insulation test system 1, a pressure difference generating device 2 and a pressure difference sensor 3, wherein the sound insulation test system 1 includes a sound source test system 101 and a receiving test system 102, the sound source test system 101 and the receiving test system 102 are connected, and a test hole 103 is provided at the adjacent ends. During the test, the vehicle door system 201-2 is first installed on the sealed chamber 201-1 to form a closed space, and then the entire door system sealed chamber 201 is fixed in the test hole 103, and the surrounding is surrounded by cement brick walls 103- 1 is filled and sealed, the pressure difference sensor 3 is fixed in the door system sealed chamber 201 and is connected with the receiving test system 102, and is used to observe the air pressure difference between the two areas. The pressure difference generating device 2 is connected with the door system sealed chamber 201. Under the action of the pressure difference generating device 2, the door system sealed chamber 201 can present a first pressure condition in which the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber 201 is lower than the air pressure in the receiving test system 102 and a second pressure condition in which the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber 201 is higher than the air pressure in the receiving test system 102. The second pressure condition and the first pressure condition of the door system sealed chamber 201 can be switched to each other.

[0019] When in use, the door system sealed chamber 201 is switched to the second pressure condition and the first pressure condition through the pressure difference generating device 2. Under each pressure condition, the pressure difference sensor 3 must reach a preset value, and the door system sealed chamber 201 is switched to the first pressure condition. The air pressure in the door system sealed chamber 201 is reduced, and the air pressure in the receiving test system 102 remains unchanged. The sound insulation test system 1 is used to test the sound insulation volume of the door system specimen 201-2 under the first pressure condition; The door system sealed chamber 201 is switched to the second pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber 201 is increased, the air pressure in the receiving test system 102 remains unchanged, and the sound insulation sound of the door system specimen 201-2 under the second pressure condition is tested by the sound insulation test system 1.

[0020] The test hole 103 in this embodiment is blocked with a cement brick wall 103-1 between the door system sealed chamber 201 to ensure the strength of the structure and the sound insulation between the two spaces. At the same time, high sound insulation material 201-3 should be used around the sealed chamber 201-1 where the door system 201-2 is installed to reduce the sound transmission through the surrounding of the sealed chamber to the test system 102, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0021] In this embodiment, the sound source test system 101 usually includes a sound source room 101-1, and a door system sealed chamber 201 is provided in the sound source room 101-1. In this embodiment, the door system sealed chamber 201 includes a sealed chamber 201-1 and a door system specimen 201-2, a polyhedral white noise sounding device 101-2, a first processor 101-3, and a sound source microphone 101-4. The entrance of the sound source room 101-1 can accommodate the entry of the sealed chamber 201-1. The signal of the sound source microphone 101-4 is connected to the first processor 101-3. In this embodiment, the first processor 101-3 is arranged on the outside of the sound source room 101-1. The first processor 101-3 is a sound source sound level meter and signal processor.

[0022] In this embodiment, the receiving test system 102 includes a receiving room 102-1, a receiving room sound-generating device 102-2, a second processor 102-3, and a receiving room microphone 102-4. Usually, the receiving room sound-generating device 102-2 is arranged at at least two positions in the receiving room 102-1, and the receiving room microphone 102-4 is evenly arranged at multiple positions in the receiving room 102-1. In this embodiment, 6 receiving room microphones 102-4 are set, and the 6 receiving room microphones 102-4 are evenly distributed in the receiving room 102-1, which can test the average sound pressure level in the receiving room 102-1. These receiving room microphones 102-4 are electrically connected to the second processor 102-3, and the second processor 102-3 here is a receiving room sound level meter and signal processor.

[0023] Continue to observe the attached Figure 1 In this embodiment, the pressure difference generating device 2 includes a large-displacement fan 202, which is arranged outside the sound insulation experimental system 1. The fan 202 passes through the sound source room through the air duct and then enters the door system sealed chamber 201. A muffler 204 is installed at the air outlet of the fan 202, and one end of the air duct entering the system sealed chamber 201 is designed to be in a trumpet shape to reduce the intake noise.

[0024] In some other embodiments, the fan 202 is equipped with a frequency converter and control software 203, i.e., a controller, which is electrically connected to the fan 202 and the pressure difference sensor 3. The controller receives a signal from the pressure difference sensor 3 and adjusts the motor speed according to a set value to control the gas transmission amount of the fan 202. A muffler 204 is installed on the fan pipe to reduce the noise entering the pipe.

[0025] (1) The first technology created by the present invention is: The system has an air inlet with a large enough diameter, and the sealed chamber 201-1 is inflated by a large air volume fan 202. The differential pressure gauge displays the differential pressure inside and outside the door system in real time, and the controller receives the differential pressure signal in the sealed chamber to control the speed of the fan 202, so as to realize dynamic control of the differential pressure inside and outside the sealed chamber 201-1. The material of the peripheral sealed chamber 201-1 where the car door is installed should have a sufficiently high sound insulation, at least 15dB higher than the sound insulation of the door system. The air inlet of the fan 202 is treated with a composite impedance muffler, so that when the fan 202 is inlet, the background noise in the receiving room measured under the condition that the polyhedral white noise sounding device is turned off, the fan is running and the pressure in the sealed chamber is maintained, and the average sound pressure level in the receiving room measured under the condition that the polyhedral white noise sounding device is turned on and the fan is running and the pressure in the sealed chamber is maintained shall not differ by less than 6dB.

[0026] (2) The second technology created by the present invention is: Arrangement of the sound source room 101-1: The position of the sound source microphone 101-4 is to evenly arrange the microphone on the sound source side at 10 cm from the inner surface of the door leaf. The sound source position should be as many as possible (no less than 6), and at the same time ensure that any microphone position is at least 1.5 m away from the center point of the sound source. The loudspeakers 101-4 in the sound source room should be two polyhedral sound sources, placed in the corners on the opposite side of the sealed chamber 201-1 to ensure that the sound field is as uniform as possible in a limited space.

[0027] (3) The third technology created by the present invention is: According to the test method of airborne sound insulation sound pressure method, the dynamic sound insulation of door system specimen 201-2 under fixed pressure difference conditions can be measured. At the same time, the dynamic average sound insulation under pressure difference changes when simulating train doors entering and leaving the station can also be measured. Embodiment 2

[0028] This embodiment provides a testing method based on the first embodiment, including the following steps: Step 1: Use a stainless steel plate of a certain thickness and a frame 201 to weld into a sealed chamber 201-1, and leave an interface on one side to install the door system test piece 202. Install the door system test piece 201-2 on the sealed chamber 201-1 and adjust the door system to a state that meets the requirements. Open and close the door electrically or manually for several times to ensure that the door system functions normally. The material of the sealed chamber 201-1 around the door system should have a sufficiently high sound insulation performance. The above forms the entire door system sealed chamber 201; Step 2: Install the door system sealed chamber 201 in the test hole 103 of the sound insulation test system 1, and fill it with a high sound insulation filling wall around it, and seal the gap between the door system sealed chamber 201 and the filling wall with cement mortar. Step 3: Arrange 6 sound source microphones 101-4 at 10 cm from the surface of the door system specimen 201-2 in the sealed chamber 201-1, connect them to the sound level meter and signal processor (first processor) 101-3 in the sound source room through extension lines, and arrange a polyhedral white noise sounding device 101-2 in each of the two corners opposite to the door system in the sealed chamber 201-1; Step 4: Six microphones 102-4 are evenly arranged in the receiving room 102-1, and connected to the sound level meter and the signal processor (second processor) 102-3 in the receiving room through extension lines. At the same time, a speaker 102-2 is arranged in the receiving room 102-1 for testing the reverberation time; Step 5: Turn on the large-displacement fan 202, and adjust the internal and external pressure difference of the door system to the target value by transmitting the signal value of the pressure difference sensor 3 to the inverter and the control software to adjust the motor speed of the fan 202. Turn on the polyhedron white noise sounding device 101-2 to test the average sound pressure level L1 of the sound source in the sealed chamber and the average sound pressure level L2 in the receiving room; Step 6: Turn off the sound source 101-2 and keep the fan 202 running to provide the internal and external pressure difference, test the background noise Lb of the receiving room 102-1, and correct the background noise according to ISO 10140-2:2021. If the difference between the background noise of the receiving room and the average sound pressure level of the receiving room during the test is less than 6dB, the test is invalid, and you can consider reducing the pipe diameter or other solutions to reduce the intake noise.

[0029] Step 7: Turn on the receiving room speaker 102 - 2 to test the reverberation time T in the receiving room 102 - 2 ; Step 8: Calculate the weighted sound insulation Rw under the target pressure difference conditions according to the sound insulation calculation formula of ISO 10140-2:2021.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A dynamic sound insulation test system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sound insulation test system (1) and a pressure difference generating device (2); the sound insulation test system (1) comprises a sound source test system (101) and a receiving test system (102); a door system sealing chamber (201) is provided between the sound source test system (101) and the receiving test system (102); a door system test piece (201-2) is installed on the door system sealing chamber (201) to form a closed space; The pressure difference generating device (2) is connected to the door system sealed chamber (201), and the door system sealed chamber (201) is provided with a first pressure condition and a second pressure condition. In the first pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber (201) is lower than the air pressure in the receiving test system (102), and in the second pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber (201) is higher than the air pressure in the receiving test system (102); The pressure difference generating device (2) acts on the door system sealing chamber (201) to switch between a first pressure condition and a second pressure condition, and the sound insulation test system (1) is used to test and calculate the sound insulation value of the door system (201-2).

2. The dynamic sound insulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving test system (102) comprises a receiving room (102-1), wherein a receiving room sound generating device (102-2) is provided in the receiving room (102-1), wherein a receiving room microphone (102-4) is provided in the receiving room (102-1), and signals of the receiving room microphone (102-4) are transmitted to a second processor (102-3) for processing and calculation.

3. The dynamic sound insulation test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving room microphones (102-4) are provided in plurality, and the receiving room microphones (102-4) are arranged in the receiving room (102-1).

4. The dynamic sound insulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door system sealed chamber (201) comprises a sealed chamber (201-1), wherein a polyhedral white noise sound generating device (101-2), a sound source microphone (101-4) and a pressure difference sensor (3) are arranged in the sealed chamber (201-1), wherein a signal of the sound source microphone (101-4) is transmitted to a first processor (101-3), and a signal of the pressure difference sensor (3) is connected to the pressure difference generating device (2).

5. The dynamic sound insulation test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure difference generating device (2) comprises a fan (202) arranged outside the sound insulation experimental system (1); a silencer (204) is installed at the air outlet of the fan (202) and is connected to the interior of the system sealed chamber (201) through a pipeline.

6. The dynamic sound insulation test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a frequency converter and control software (203), wherein the frequency converter and control software (203) receive a signal from the pressure difference sensor (3) and control the wind speed of the fan (202) according to a set value.

7. A testing method based on the dynamic sound insulation testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: The door system test piece (201-2) is mounted on a sealed chamber (201-1) to form the door system sealed chamber (201), wherein the door system sealed chamber (201) is fixed at a test opening (103) between the sound source test system (101) and the receiving test system (102); The door system sealed chamber (201) is switched to a first pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber (201) is reduced, the air pressure in the receiving test system (102) remains unchanged, and the sound insulation test system (1) tests the sound insulation volume of the door system test piece (201-2) under the first pressure condition; The door system sealed chamber (201) is switched to a second pressure condition, the air pressure in the door system sealed chamber (201) is increased, the air pressure in the receiving test system (102) remains unchanged, and the receiving sound insulation test system (1) tests the sound insulation volume of the door system specimen (201-2) under the second pressure condition.

8. The testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: include: In the first pressure condition, the fan (202) is started, and the fan (202) discharges the air in the sealed chamber (201-1) until the value of the pressure difference sensor (3) reaches a preset value, and the sound insulation test system (1) is tested; In the second pressure condition, the fan (202) is started, and the fan (202) injects air into the sealed chamber (201-1) until the value of the pressure difference sensor (3) reaches a preset value, and the sound insulation test system (1) performs a test.

9. The testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: include: During the test, the polyhedral white noise sound generating device (101-2) is turned off, the fan (202) is running and the pressure in the sealed chamber (201) is maintained, and the background noise in the receiving chamber (102-1) is measured; The difference between the average sound pressure level in the receiving room (102-1) measured under the working condition that the polyhedron white noise sound generating device (101-2) is turned on, the fan (202) is running and the pressure in the sealed chamber (201) is maintained shall not be less than 6dB.

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