High power laser shutter based on wedge mirror tuning laser beam quality

Abstract

The application discloses a high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning laser beam quality, which comprises an input end, a collimating mirror, a reflecting mirror and a light receiver arranged in sequence along a laser input light path, at least two switches and a light receiver arranged in sequence along a light path reflected by a front surface of the reflecting mirror, and a focusing mirror and an output end arranged in sequence along a light path reflected by a front surface of each switch, wherein each switch comprises a plurality of wedge-shaped mirrors capable of cutting into the light path, and a plurality of output ends output laser beams alternatively or at least two output ends output laser beams simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of laser shutters, and more particularly to a high-power laser shutter based on the quality of a laser beam tuned by a wedge mirror. Background Technology

[0002] High-power laser shutters are key components that enhance the functionality and application scenarios of high-power fiber lasers. They can distribute the single-channel laser output from a fiber laser to multiple output channels through time-sharing or energy-sharing methods, providing laser sources for multiple processing stations and achieving "one machine, multiple uses." Time-sharing means that the laser's transmission power is allocated entirely to a single output channel, meaning only one processing station can use the laser source at a time. Energy-sharing means that the laser's transmission power is distributed to multiple output channels on demand, meaning multiple processing stations can share the laser source simultaneously. With the development of modern intelligent manufacturing, laser processing demands are becoming increasingly complex. The processing flow requires lasers to provide full power to a single station while also providing different laser powers to multiple stations at other times.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies that simultaneously achieve time-division and energy-division optical paths generally have complex structures and optical path arrangements, and cannot tune the laser beam quality, thus failing to meet the increasingly complex requirements of laser processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-power laser shutter based on wedge mirror tuning of laser beam quality, which can output laser beams with different quality requirements and achieve fine-tuning of beam quality.

[0005] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a high-power laser shutter based on wedge mirror tuning of laser beam quality, comprising an input end, collimating mirror, reflecting mirror, and receiver arranged sequentially along the laser input optical path; at least two switches and receivers arranged sequentially along the optical path after reflection from the front surface of the reflecting mirror; and a focusing mirror and output end arranged sequentially along the optical path after reflection from the front surface of each switch. Each switch includes several wedge mirrors that can be inserted into the optical path, wherein multiple output ends can selectively output a laser beam or at least two output ends can simultaneously output a laser beam.

[0006] Optionally, when multiple output terminals select one to output a laser beam, the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped reflector, the front surface of the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped surface, the rear surface of the wedge mirror is a plane, and the included angle between the front and rear surfaces of each wedge mirror is different.

[0007] Optionally, the focal length of the collimating lens is f1, the focal length of the focusing lens is f2, the core diameter of the transmission fiber connected to the input end is w1, the beam quality of the input laser is BPP1, and the far-field divergence angle of the input laser is calculated to be θ1 = BPP1 / w1.

[0008] The diameter of the coupling spot of the focusing lens is d = w1 × f2 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β = θ1 × f1 / f2.

[0009] The optical axis deflection angle γ = 2α after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror in the optical path, where α is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror in the optical path.

[0010] The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the output end is w2. The beam quality of the output beam is calculated as follows:

[0011] BPP2=k1×w2×(β+γ)=k1×w2×(θ1×f1 / f2+2α)

[0012] Where k1 is the correction factor for the output beam waist radius, k1 = d / d0, and d0 is the ideal diameter of the focusing lens coupling spot.

[0013] Optionally, the front surface of the wedge-shaped mirror is coated with a reflective film, and the rear surface is coated with an anti-reflective film.

[0014] Optionally, when at least two output terminals output laser beams simultaneously, the wedge mirror is a wedge beam splitter, with the front surface of the wedge mirror being a wedge-shaped surface and the rear surface of the wedge mirror being a plane; the included angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror on each switch is different.

[0015] Optionally, when both output terminals output laser beams simultaneously, the focal length of the collimating lens is f1, the focal length of the first focusing lens is f2, and the focal length of the second focusing lens is f3.

[0016] The core diameter of the transmission fiber connected to the input end is w1, and the beam quality of the input laser is BPP1. The far-field divergence angle of the input laser is calculated to be θ1 = BPP1 / w1.

[0017] The diameter of the coupled spot of the previous focusing lens is d1 = w1 × f2 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β1 = θ1 × f1 / f2.

[0018] The diameter of the coupled spot of the second focusing lens is d2 = w1 × f3 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β2 = θ1 × f1 / f3;

[0019] The optical axis deflection angle γ = 2α1 after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the previous switch

[0020] The optical axis deflection angle δ after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the next switch, where n is the refractive index of the wedge mirror material;

[0021]

[0022] Where α1 is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the previous switch, and α2 is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the next switch.

[0023] The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the previous output is w2. The beam quality of the previous output beam is calculated as BPP2 = k1 × w2 × (β1 + γ) = k1 × w2 × (θ1 × f1 / f2 + 2α1), where k1 is the correction factor for the beam waist of the previous output beam, k1 = d1 / d 10 d 10 This is the ideal diameter of the coupling spot of the previous focusing lens;

[0024] The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the subsequent output is w3. The beam quality of the subsequent output beam is calculated as BPP3 = k2 × w2 × (β2 + δ) = k2 × w2 × (θ1 × f1 / f3 + δ), where k2 is the correction factor for the beam waist of the subsequent output beam, k2 = d2 / d 20 d 20 This is the ideal diameter of the coupling spot for the next focusing lens.

[0025] Optionally, the front surface of the wedge-shaped beam splitter is coated with a beam-splitting film, and the rear surface is coated with an anti-reflection film.

[0026] Optionally, the switcher includes a fixed plate, a motor located on the fixed plate, a fixture connected to the motor output shaft via a connector, and several wedge-shaped mirrors evenly distributed on the fixture. When the motor starts, it drives the fixture to rotate, switching different wedge-shaped mirrors into the optical path.

[0027] Optionally, the reflector is at a 45° angle to the optical axis of the input laser, the center of the front surface of the reflector intersects the optical axis, the direction of the optical axis after reflection from the front surface of the reflector is horizontal to the right, and the central axis of the receiver located behind the reflector coincides with the optical axis; the rear surface of the wedge mirror on each switch is at a 45° angle to the reflected optical axis, and the center of the front surface of the wedge mirror intersects the optical axis.

[0028] Optionally, both the collimating lens and the focusing lens are coated with anti-reflection coatings, and the front surface of the reflecting mirror is coated with a high-reflection coating.

[0029] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: This invention achieves laser beams of different qualities from one or more output ends by switching different wedge mirrors into the optical path, enhancing the functionality of the laser and meeting complex processing requirements; this invention outputs laser beams of different qualities from one output end by using different wedge angles of the wedge mirrors, and simultaneously outputs laser beams of different qualities from different output ends by using multiple wedge mirrors set before and after the same wedge angle; this invention integrates multiple wedge mirrors onto a switcher, reducing equipment investment costs and improving work efficiency; this invention integrates time-division, energy-division functions, and laser beam quality tuning into a single high-power laser shutter device, improving system integration, fulfilling the complex beam splitting requirements of the laser, and enhancing system safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the switcher in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0033] It should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, providing these embodiments will make the disclosure thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the dimensions and relative dimensions of the parts may be exaggerated. The same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality, comprising a shutter housing 1, an input end 2, a collimating mirror 3, a reflecting mirror 4, a receiver 5, a switcher 6, a focusing mirror 7, and an output end 8. The input end 2, collimating mirror 3, reflecting mirror 4, receiver 5, switcher 6, focusing mirror 7, and output end 8 are all installed and fixed inside the shutter housing 1.

[0035] Input end 2, collimating lens 3, reflector 4, and receiver 5 are sequentially arranged on the shutter housing 1 along the laser input optical path. Input end 2 is connected to the transmission optical fiber for the input laser and is fixed to the outside of the shutter housing 1 by screws. Collimating lens 3 is fixed in the mirror tube inside the shutter housing 1 by a pressure ring and a threaded ring. Reflector 4 is fixed in the reflector fixture by a threaded pressure ring. Reflector 4 forms a 45° angle with the optical axis of the input laser, and the center of the front surface of reflector 4 intersects the optical axis. The direction of the optical axis after reflection from the front surface of reflector 4 is horizontal to the right. Receiver 5 is fixed inside the shutter housing 1 by screws. The central axis of receiver 5 coincides with the optical axis. The function of receiver 5 is to absorb and process the residual laser light transmitted through reflector 4, preventing residual laser light from damaging the inside of the shutter.

[0036] At least two switchers and receivers are sequentially arranged along the optical path after reflection from the front surface of the reflector. In this embodiment, two switchers and receivers are sequentially arranged along the optical path after reflection from the front surface of the reflector. The first switcher 6 is fixed to the base plate of the shutter housing 1 with screws. The rear surface of the wedge-shaped mirror on the first switcher 6 forms a 45° angle with the optical axis, and the center of the front surface of the wedge-shaped mirror intersects the optical axis. The optical axis direction after reflection from the front surface of the wedge-shaped mirror is downward. The second switcher 6 is fixed to the base plate of the shutter housing 1 with screws. The rear surface of the wedge-shaped mirror on the second switcher 6 forms a 45° angle with the optical axis, and the center of the front surface of the wedge-shaped mirror intersects the optical axis. The optical axis direction after reflection from the front surface of the wedge-shaped mirror is downward. The receiver 5 located behind the switcher is fixed inside the shutter housing 1 with screws. The function of the receiver 5 located behind the switcher is to absorb and process the residual laser light transmitted through the switcher 6, so as to prevent the residual laser light from damaging the inside of the shutter.

[0037] A focusing lens 7 and an output end 8 are sequentially arranged along the optical path reflected from the front surface of each switcher 6. The focusing lens 7 is installed and fixed in the lens tube inside the light shutter housing 1 by a pressure ring and a threaded ring, and the output end 8 is installed and fixed on the outside of the light shutter housing 1 by screws.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the switcher 6 includes a mounting plate 601, a motor 602, a motor output shaft 603, a connector 604, a retainer 605, a locking cap 606, a wedge mirror 607, a wedge mirror 608, a wedge mirror 609, and a wedge mirror 610. The mounting plate 601 is fixed to the base plate of the shutter housing 1 with screws, and the motor 602 is fixed above the mounting plate 601 with screws. The connector 604, retainer 605, and locking cap 606 are arranged sequentially along the direction of the motor output shaft 603 of the motor 602. The motor output shaft 603 is clamped and fixed to the connector 604 with screws, and the retainer 605 is installed on the connector 604 with screws through the locking cap 606. Thus, the rotation of the motor output shaft 603 of the motor 602 can drive the retainer 605 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. The retainer 605 is cross-shaped, with a groove on each of its four cross edges for mounting and fixing lenses. Wedge mirror 1 (607) is positioned at the left end of the cross-shaped fixture 605 and secured with screws. Wedge mirror 2 (608) is positioned at the upper end of the cross-shaped fixture 605 and secured with screws. Wedge mirror 3 (609) is positioned at the right end of the cross-shaped fixture 605 and secured with screws. Wedge mirror 4 (610) is positioned at the lower end of the cross-shaped fixture 605 and secured with screws. The plane containing the rear surfaces of wedge mirrors 1 (607), 2 (608), 3 (609), and 4 (610) forms a 45° angle with the optical axis reflected by mirror 4. The angles between the front and rear surfaces of wedge mirrors 1 (607), 2 (608), 3 (609), and 4 (610) are different, allowing for beam splitting and angle fine-tuning of the incident laser. The first switcher 6 is equipped with wedge mirror 1 607, wedge mirror 2 608, wedge mirror 3 609 and wedge mirror 4 610, and the second switcher 6 is equipped with wedge mirror 5, wedge mirror 6, wedge mirror 7 and wedge mirror 8. The included angle between the front and rear surfaces of the eight wedge mirrors is different.

[0039] Motor 602 can rotate the retainer 605 via output shaft 603, allowing wedge mirror 1 607, wedge mirror 2 608, wedge mirror 3 609, and wedge mirror 4 610 to sequentially enter the optical path. Alternatively, wedge mirrors can be used without the optical path passing through retainer 605. By rotating the two switchers 6 respectively and adjusting the positions of the wedge mirrors on the two switchers 6 in the optical path, one of the two output terminals 8 can be selected to output laser light, or both output terminals can output laser light simultaneously. This allows for the output of beams with different power ratios and enables fine-tuning of the beam quality to meet process requirements.

[0040] When one of the two output terminals is selected to output a laser beam, the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped reflector. The front surface of the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped surface, and the rear surface of the wedge mirror is a flat surface. The angle between the front and rear surfaces of each wedge mirror is different. The front surface of the wedge mirror is coated with a reflective film, and the rear surface is coated with an anti-reflective film.

[0041] The collimating lens has a focal length of f1, the focusing lens has a focal length of f2, the core diameter of the transmission fiber connected to the input end is w1, the beam quality of the input laser is BPP1, and the far-field divergence angle of the input laser is calculated to be θ1 = BPP1 / w1.

[0042] The diameter of the coupling spot of the focusing lens is d = w1 × f2 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β = θ1 × f1 / f2.

[0043] The optical axis deflection angle γ = 2α after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror in the optical path, where α is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror in the optical path.

[0044] The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the output end is w2. The beam quality of the output beam is calculated as follows:

[0045] BPP2=k1×w2×(β+γ)=k1×w2×(θ1×f1 / f2+2α)

[0046] Where k1 is the correction factor for the output beam waist radius, k1 = d / d0, and d0 is the ideal diameter of the focusing lens coupling spot.

[0047] When two output terminals output laser beams simultaneously, the wedge mirror is a wedge beam splitter. The front surface of the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped surface, and the rear surface of the wedge mirror is a flat surface. The angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror on each switch is different. The front surface of the wedge beam splitter is coated with a beam splitting film, and the rear surface is coated with an anti-reflection film. The beam splitting rate of the beam splitting film on the front surface determines the beam splitting ratio of the laser energy.

[0048] When both outputs simultaneously emit laser beams, the focal length of the collimating lens is f1, the focal length of the first focusing lens is f2, and the focal length of the second focusing lens is f3.

[0049] The core diameter of the transmission fiber connected to the input end is w1, and the beam quality of the input laser is BPP1. The far-field divergence angle of the input laser is calculated to be θ1 = BPP1 / w1.

[0050] The diameter of the coupled spot of the previous focusing lens is d1 = w1 × f2 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β1 = θ1 × f1 / f2.

[0051] The diameter of the coupled spot of the second focusing lens is d2 = w1 × f3 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β2 = θ1 × f1 / f3;

[0052] The optical axis deflection angle γ = 2α1 after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the previous switch

[0053] The optical axis deflection angle δ after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the next switch, where n is the refractive index of the wedge mirror material;

[0054]

[0055] Where α1 is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the previous switch, and α2 is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the next switch.

[0056] The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the previous output is w2. The beam quality of the previous output beam is calculated as BPP2 = k1 × w2 × (β1 + γ) = k1 × w2 × (θ1 × f1 / f2 + 2α1), where k1 is the correction factor for the beam waist of the previous output beam, k1 = d1 / d 10 d 10 This is the ideal diameter of the coupling spot of the previous focusing lens;

[0057] The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the subsequent output is w3. The beam quality of the subsequent output beam is calculated as BPP3 = k2 × w2 × (β2 + δ) = k2 × w2 × (θ1 × f1 / f3 + δ), where k2 is the correction factor for the beam waist of the subsequent output beam, k2 = d2 / d 20 d 20 This is the ideal diameter of the coupling spot for the next focusing lens.

[0058] Both the collimating lens 3 and the focusing lens 7 are coated with anti-reflection films, and the front surface of the reflecting mirror 4 is coated with a high-reflection film. The coatings on the lens surfaces can withstand high-power laser irradiation for extended periods. The fixing devices for both the collimating lens 3 and the focusing lens 7 are water-cooled, and the thermal effects generated during laser action are eliminated through water circulation cooling. The spatial position of the focusing lens 7 can be adjusted by a coupling adjustment mechanism, thereby changing the position and size of the focused spot on the fiber end face to facilitate laser coupling to the operating fiber in the output end 8 for transmission.

Claims

1. A high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality, characterized in that: The system includes an input end, collimating mirror, reflecting mirror, and receiver arranged sequentially along the laser input optical path; at least two switchers and receivers arranged sequentially along the optical path after reflection from the front surface of the reflecting mirror; and a focusing mirror and output end arranged sequentially along the optical path after reflection from the front surface of each switcher. Each switcher includes several wedge mirrors that can cut into the optical path. Multiple output ends can selectively output a laser beam, or at least two output ends can simultaneously output a laser beam. When multiple output ends selectively output a laser beam, the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped reflecting mirror; when at least two output ends simultaneously output a laser beam, the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped beam splitter. The front surface of the wedge mirror is a wedge-shaped surface, and the rear surface of the wedge mirror is a plane. The included angle between the front and rear surfaces of each wedge mirror is different.

2. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collimating lens has a focal length of f1, the focusing lens has a focal length of f2, the core diameter of the transmission fiber connected to the input end is w1, the beam quality of the input laser is BPP1, and the far-field divergence angle of the input laser is calculated to be θ1 = BPP1 / w1. The diameter of the coupling spot of the focusing lens is d = w1 × f2 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β = θ1 × f1 / f2. The optical axis deflection angle γ = 2α after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror in the optical path, where α is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror in the optical path. The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the output end is w2. The beam quality of the output beam is calculated as follows: BPP2=k1×w2×(β+γ)=k1×w2×(θ1×f1 / f2+2α) Where k1 is the correction factor for the output beam waist radius, k1 = d / d0, and d0 is the ideal diameter of the focusing lens coupling spot.

3. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front surface of the wedge-shaped mirror is coated with a reflective film, and the rear surface is coated with an anti-reflective film.

4. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: When both output terminals simultaneously output laser beams, the focal length of the collimating lens is f1, the focal length of the first focusing lens is f2, and the focal length of the second focusing lens is f3. The core diameter of the transmission fiber connected to the input end is w1, and the beam quality of the input laser is BPP1. The far-field divergence angle of the input laser is calculated to be θ1 = BPP1 / w1. The diameter of the coupled spot of the previous focusing lens is d1 = w1 × f2 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β1 = θ1 × f1 / f2. The diameter of the coupled spot of the second focusing lens is d2 = w1 × f3 / f1, and the convergence angle of the focused beam is β2 = θ1 × f1 / f3; The optical axis deflection angle γ = 2α1 after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the previous switch The optical axis deflection angle δ after reflection from the front surface of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the next switch, where n is the refractive index of the wedge mirror material; Where α1 is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the previous switch, and α2 is the angle between the front and rear surfaces of the wedge mirror that cuts into the optical path on the next switch. The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the previous output is w2. The beam quality of the previous output beam is calculated as BPP2 = k1 × w2 × (β1 + γ) = k1 × w2 × (θ1 × f1 / f2 + 2α1), where k1 is the correction factor for the beam waist of the previous output beam, k1 = d1 / d 10 d 10 This is the ideal diameter of the coupling spot of the previous focusing lens; The core diameter of the operating fiber connected to the subsequent output is w3. The beam quality of the subsequent output beam is calculated as BPP3 = k2 × w2 × (β2 + δ) = k2 × w2 × (θ1 × f1 / f3 + δ), where k2 is the correction factor for the beam waist of the subsequent output beam, k2 = d2 / d 20 d 20 This is the ideal diameter of the coupling spot for the next focusing lens.

5. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front surface of the wedge-shaped beam splitter is coated with a beam-splitting film, and the rear surface is coated with an anti-reflection film.

6. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switcher includes a fixed plate, a motor located on the fixed plate, a fixture connected to the output shaft of the motor via a connector, and several wedge-shaped mirrors evenly distributed on the fixture. When the motor is started, it drives the fixture to rotate, switching different wedge-shaped mirrors into the optical path.

7. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector is at a 45° angle to the optical axis of the input laser. The center of the front surface of the reflector intersects the optical axis. The direction of the optical axis after reflection from the front surface of the reflector is horizontal to the right. The central axis of the receiver located behind the reflector coincides with the optical axis. The rear surface of the wedge mirror on each switch is at a 45° angle to the reflected optical axis. The center of the front surface of the wedge mirror intersects the optical axis.

8. The high-power laser shutter based on wedge-shaped mirror tuning of laser beam quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the collimating lens and the focusing lens are coated with anti-reflection coatings, and the front surface of the reflecting mirror is coated with a high-reflection coating.

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