Pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a weightless environment

Abstract

The application provides a pressurized rotating mechanism suitable for a weightless environment, which comprises a rotating transmission rod, a releasing component, a pressurizing component and a tool head component; the rotating transmission rod is used for transmitting rotating power to the tool head component; the releasing component is used for locking the pressurizing component when non-processing, and releasing the pressurizing component when processing; the pressurizing component exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the tool head component, so as to ensure that the tool head is stably contacted with a cutting object during rotation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spacecraft mechanism movement, in particular to the technical field of space maintenance. BACKGROUND

[0002] In view of the need for pressurized rotation operation of the maintenance tool in the weightless environment, a pressurized rotation mechanism is needed to be provided on the maintenance tool to assist the astronauts to complete the pressurized rotation operation and reset operation of the maintenance tool through simple operation. In view of the characteristics of the maintenance tool operated in the extravehicular space environment, in order to ensure that the single action of the device can realize the pressurized rotation and reset of the maintenance tool, the technical problem of operability that the astronauts can conveniently use and effectively realize the rotation operation in the weightless environment is solved.

[0003] In the existing extravehicular environment tool, only a single movement function is provided, such as a screw electric tool. When the astronaut uses the tool to install or dismount the screw, the pressing force is implemented by the astronaut himself, and the size and direction of the force cannot be stably controlled. That is, in the existing extravehicular environment tool, stable and continuous multidimensional movement (rotation and pressurization) maintaining function cannot be realized. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a pressurized rotation mechanism suitable for weightless environment to ensure that the astronauts can quickly and conveniently realize the rotation operation of the tool in the weightless environment.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application is a pressurized rotation mechanism suitable for weightless environment, which comprises a rotation transmission rod, a release component, a pressurization component and a tool bit component.

[0006] The rotation transmission rod is used to transmit the rotation power to the tool bit component.

[0007] The release component is used to lock the pressurization component when not processing, and release the pressurization component when processing. The pressurization component exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the tool bit component, so that the tool bit can stably contact the cutting object during rotation.

[0008] Preferably, the release component comprises an operation handle, a reset spring, a locking pin, a baffle and a shell.

[0009] The outer shell is provided with a through hole for the rotating transmission rod to pass through, and a groove perpendicular to the axis of the through hole, one end of the groove is communicated with the through hole, a locking pin is installed in the groove, the large end of the locking pin is a free end, an operating handle and the small end of the locking pin are connected through a rotating shaft, the movement path of the operating handle is limited by two side baffles installed on the outer shell to prevent the operating handle from rotating around the locking pin; a reset spring is sleeved on the small end of the locking pin in the groove, in the locked state, the reset spring is pressed against the outer shell and keeps the elastic force acting on the locking pin, in the pressurized state, the operating handle is stressed, the locking pin is pulled up through the rotating shaft, and the locking pin is separated from the locking position to be unlocked.

[0010] Preferably, the operating handle includes an operating rod and a triangular table at the front end, the triangular table is composed of A, B and C planes, wherein the A and B planes are state fixed platforms, and the C plane is connected to the operating rod; the A and B planes are provided with arc surfaces to become the rotating contact points of the triangular table; a positioning pin hole is arranged between the A and B planes as the center of the overall rotation of the operating handle; the length of the A plane is more than twice the length of the B plane to ensure that the distance between the positioning pin hole and the B plane is more than three times the distance between the A plane; the operating rod is composed of E and F planes, wherein the E plane is parallel to the B plane, and the F plane is parallel to the A plane; the positioning pin makes the A plane or the B plane of the operating handle contact with the outer shell through the rotating shaft to keep a stable state; in the pressurized state, the operating handle is stressed, and the operating handle rotates from the A plane to the B plane with the front end contact point as the fulcrum, because the distance between the positioning pin hole and the B plane is more than three times the distance between the A plane, the rotating shaft is lifted with the positioning pin hole, and the locking pin is pulled up at the same time, and the locking pin is separated from the locking position.

[0011] Preferably, the pressurizing component includes an energy storage spring, an outer shell structure, an observation port and a reset handle.

[0012] The outer shell structure is a cylindrical structure, the upper end of which is installed below the through hole of the release component outer shell to form an integral sleeve outside the tool head component, the lower end of the outer shell structure is provided with an observation port for observing the movement of the tool head component, the energy storage spring is installed in the outer shell structure and arranged at the upper end of the tool head component, the energy storage spring expands to release the elastic force in the released state, and exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the tool head component to ensure that the tool head is stably pressed against the cutting object during rotation; the reset handle is installed at both ends of the release component outer shell to provide an external force to overcome the energy storage spring and drive the outer shell structure and the release component outer shell to reset to the locking position.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating transmission rod is composed of an outer shell and an internal power transmission shaft, the upper end of the outer shell is provided with a mechanical constraint interface of a power device for providing rotating power, and the lower end is provided with an annular locking surface, and the pressurizing component can effectively realize the 360° locked state around the annular locking surface.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the shell structure is connected with the release component shell through a stepped flange face, the inside of the shell structure is provided with an upwardly open annular groove, the outside of the inner wall of the annular groove is provided with a stepped face for cooperating with the lower end of the annular locking face, the center through hole of the annular groove is used for placing the lower end of the rotary transmission rod and the upper end of the tool bit component, and the tool bit component is fixed at the bottom of the annular groove.

[0015] Preferably, the tool bit component comprises a transmission shaft adapter, a tool bit adapter and a drilling tool bit.

[0016] The drilling tool bit is connected with the rotary transmission rod through the tool bit adapter and the transmission shaft adapter; the transmission shaft adapter is a sleeve structure with a flange, the rotary transmission rod is sleeved in the sleeve structure, and the flange is connected with the tool bit adapter.

[0017] Preferably, the drilling tool bit comprises a tool body and a plurality of cutting edges distributed on the tool body, the cutting edges are uniformly distributed on the tool body in a circumferential direction; each cutting edge comprises a rake angle representing the inclination degree of a rake face, a relief angle representing the friction degree of a relief face in a cutting process, a side angle representing the chamfering angle of the cutting edge in a chamfering process and a tool tip according to the movement mode of the cutting edge; the side angle is set to 24.9°-25.1°, so that the tool tip can be self-fed and cut under the action of a constant pressure under the condition that the tool shaft rotates at a low speed of not more than 50° / s in a vacuum environment.

[0018] Preferably, the rake angle of the cutting edge is set to 59.9°-60.1°, so as to improve the drilling efficiency of the tool bit.

[0019] Preferably, the relief angle of the cutting edge is set to 28.4°-28.6°, so as to improve the surface finish of the drilling.

[0020] Preferably, the tool tip is a front-end round head with a diameter of 0.5mm-1mm.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0022] The present application is a kind of pressurized rotating mechanism suitable for weightless environment, which is an important guarantee for astronauts to realize rotating operation quickly and conveniently in weightless environment. The pressurized rotating mechanism suitable for weightless environment is composed of a rotary transmission rod, a release component, a pressurizing component and a tool bit component. The present application can realize the rotating operation ability of tools for Chinese astronauts outside the cabin conveniently, and display Chinese space technology.

[0023] The application guarantees that the cutter head is stably contacted with the cutting object under the action of the pressing component during rotation, improves the rotation grinding efficiency of the cutter head component, and solves the technical problem of operability of astronauts in realizing drilling operation in a weightless environment. The reset handle is used to realize multiple operations of the pressing component, and the reset handle is used to realize multiple operations of the pressing component, thereby ensuring the feasibility of repeated operation of the astronauts in extravehicular maintenance operation.

[0024] The application can stably apply downward pressure on the upper end of the cutter head component through the "release" operation of the release component, and the simple operation is converted into stable downward pressure provided by the mechanism, so that the tool can still realize rotation grinding of the cutter head component in a weightless environment

[0025] The application can realize the characteristics of the tool in a weightless environment by using the reset handle to automatically lock the release component after the cutter head component returns to the original initial position, thereby reducing the locking operation of the astronauts and facilitating the next feeding operation of the cutter head component.

[0026] The application can effectively ensure that the cutter head can still effectively transmit the rotation force under the state of bearing downward pressure by using the floating connection mode between the transmission shaft adapter and the rotation transmission rod.

[0027] The application can effectively realize the 360° locking state by arranging the ring-shaped locking surface of the power transmission rod, and the pressing component rotates around the locking surface of the power transmission rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a pressing rotation mechanism suitable for a weightless environment;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the release component;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the release component in a locked state;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the release component in a released state;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the pressing component;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rotation transmission rod;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter head component;

[0035] Figure 7-1 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission shaft adapter;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the initial position of the pressing rotation mechanism suitable for a weightless environment;

[0037] Figure 9 Lifting release component operation schematic diagram;

[0038] Figure 10 Pressurizing component spring release down pressure schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 11 Pressurizing component spring down pressure release schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 12 Pressurizing component reset lifting handle schematic diagram;

[0041] Figures 13-18 Knife head component schematic diagram

[0042] Figure 19 Operation handle schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the Figures 1-19 Embodiments further illustrate the present application.

[0044] The present application provides a pressurizing rotating mechanism suitable for weightless environment. The device consists of rotating transmission rod, release component, pressurizing component and knife head component.

[0045] The astronaut operates the handle by pinching the release component, the handle drives the locking pin to release the pressurizing component, the pressurizing component releases the elastic force of the energy storage spring in the "release" state, and exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the knife head component, ensuring that the knife head is in close contact with the cutting object during rotation.

[0046] The knife head component is the object component of the pressurizing component, which exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the knife head component to improve the efficiency of the knife head component rotating and grinding. The transmission shaft adapter ensures that the knife head can still effectively transmit the rotating force under the load of the downward pressure.

[0047] 1) Rotating transmission rod

[0048] The rotating transmission rod provides the function of rotating power transmission of the power device for the knife head component, which consists of an outer shell on the outside and a power transmission shaft inside. Figure 6 The power transmission shaft can effectively transmit the rotating power source from the power input interface to the lower end knife head component;

[0049] The upper end of the shell is provided with a mechanical constraint interface of the power device, and the lower end is provided with an annular locking surface. The pressurizing component around the locking surface of the power transmission rod can effectively realize the 360° locking state.

[0050] The power transmission shaft can effectively transmit the rotating power from the power input interface to the lower end power output interface, and the lower end is provided with a rotating power rotating special type matched with the knife head component.

[0051] 2) Release component

[0052] The release component has two states, corresponding to "pressurized" and "locked" respectively, and there are no other states.

[0053] The release mechanism consists of an operating handle, a locking pin, a rotating shaft, a baffle, a housing, and a return spring. Figure 2 The outer casing has a through hole for the rotating transmission rod to pass through, and a groove perpendicular to the axis of the through hole. One end face of the groove communicates with the through hole. A locking pin is installed in the groove, with the larger diameter end of the locking pin being the free end. The operating handle and the smaller diameter end of the locking pin are connected by a rotating shaft. The movement path of the operating handle is restricted by two side baffles installed on the outer casing to prevent the operating handle from rotating around the positioning pin. A return spring is fitted onto the smaller diameter end of the locking pin, which is located in the groove. In the locked state, the return spring is compressed relative to the outer casing, maintaining its elastic force on the locking pin. In the pressurized state, the operating handle is subjected to force, which pulls up the locking pin through the rotating shaft, thus unlocking the locking pin.

[0054] like Figure 19 As shown, the operating handle includes an operating lever and a triangular truncated pyramid at its front end, which has three surfaces: A, B, and C. Surfaces A and B are fixed platforms, while surface C connects to the operating lever. Surfaces A and B are at a 60° angle to each other and have a rounded transition surface that serves as the rotation contact point of the triangular truncated pyramid. A locating pin hole is located between surfaces A and B, which is also the center of rotation for the entire operating handle. The length of surface A is set to be at least twice the length of surface B, ensuring that the distance between the locating pin hole and surface B is at least three times the distance between surfaces A. The operating lever consists of two surfaces, E and F, where surface E is parallel to surface B, and surface F is parallel to surface A, with surfaces E and F at a 120° angle to each other. When the operating handle is rotated, surface E or surface F becomes the fixed plane for easy operation.

[0055] The return spring, when compressed relative to the outer casing, maintains its elastic force on the locating pin. The locating pin, via a rotating shaft, keeps the operating handle's A or B plane in contact with the outer casing, maintaining a stable state. Figure 3 When pressurized, the operating handle is subjected to force, and the operating handle rotates from plane A to plane B with the front contact point as the fulcrum. Because the distance between the positioning pin hole and plane B is more than 3 times the distance between plane A and plane B, the rotating shaft is lifted with the position of the positioning pin hole, and at the same time, the locking pin is pulled up, and the locking pin is disengaged from the locking position. Figure 4 )

[0056] The return spring is simultaneously compressed, continuously providing elastic force to the positioning pin. When a reset operation is performed, if the locking surface appears at the front end of the positioning rod, it will automatically move forward into the locked position under the action of the spring force. The operating handle plane contacts the outer casing, maintaining a stable state.

[0057] The side stoppers of the operating handle limit the movement path of the operating handle and prevent the operating handle from rotating around the positioning pin.

[0058] The force of the reset spring should be controlled within the range of 5N-10N. If the spring force is too large, it will affect the release of the operating handle by the astronaut. If the spring force is too small, it will affect the effective entry of the positioning pin into the positioning hole.

[0059] The pressurizing component is composed of an energy storage spring, a shell structure, an observation port, and a reset handle.

[0060] The shell structure is a cylindrical structure, the upper end of which is installed below the through hole of the release component shell, forming a whole set outside the tool bit component. The lower end of the shell structure is provided with an observation port for observing the movement of the tool bit component. The energy storage spring is installed in the shell structure and arranged at the upper end of the tool bit component. In the release state, the energy storage spring expands to release the elastic force, which exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the tool bit component, ensuring that the tool bit is stably in contact with the cutting object during rotation. The reset handle is installed at both ends of the release component shell, which is used to provide an external force to overcome the energy storage spring and drive the shell structure and the release component shell to reset to the locking position. This allows the astronaut to evenly bear the force on both sides during the reset operation, compresses the energy storage spring, and restores the pressurizing component to the original locking position.

[0061] The rotating transmission rod is composed of an outer shell and an internal power transmission shaft. The upper end of the shell is provided with a mechanical constraint interface of the power device for providing rotating power, and the lower end is provided with a ring-shaped locking surface. The pressurizing component can effectively realize 360° locking state around the ring-shaped locking surface. The ring-shaped locking surface and the lower end surface of the shell are a fixed integrated structure. The outer diameter of the ring-shaped locking surface is twice the diameter of the middle section of the shell, which is used for limiting the force bearing of the pressurizing component during movement. The shell and the power rotating shaft are connected through bearings A and B. The inner diameter of the ring-shaped locking surface is smaller than the distance between bearings B and larger than the diameter of the power transmission shaft, which can effectively limit the bearings B.

[0062] The upper end of the shell structure is connected to the release component shell through a stepped flange surface. The inner part of the shell structure is provided with an upwardly open annular groove. The outer side of the inner wall of the annular groove is provided with a stepped surface for cooperating with the lower end of the ring-shaped locking surface. The center through hole of the annular groove is used to place the lower end of the rotating transmission rod and the upper end of the tool bit component. The tool bit component is fixed at the bottom of the annular groove.

[0063] The energy storage spring and the shell structure are arranged at the upper end of the tool bit component. The shell structure is provided with an observation port for the tool bit component to facilitate the astronaut to observe the movement of the tool bit component. In the "release" state, Figure 11The energy storage spring expands and releases elastic force under pressure, exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the cutter head component, and ensures that the cutter head is in close contact with the cutting object during rotation; in the "locked" state, the energy storage spring is compressed to store elastic force, and the downward pressure on the upper end of the cutter head component is removed.

[0064] The energy storage spring force should be controlled within the range of 25N-30N. When the spring force is too large, it will increase the difficulty of the astronaut's operation in resetting the cutter head component. To overcome the 25N-30N spring force of the energy storage spring, a reset handle is specially provided on the side of the cutter head component 2. When the spring force is too small, it will not be able to effectively pressurize the cutter head component. In the microgravity environment, the pressure of the energy storage spring can effectively realize the effective contact between the cutter head and the maintenance object.

[0065] 4) Cutter head component

[0066] The cutter head component is composed of a transmission shaft adapter, a cutter head adapter and a drilling cutter head. The device is specially shaped between the transmission shaft adapter and the rotating transmission rod, and adopts a floating connection mode to effectively ensure that the cutter head can still effectively transmit rotary force under the bearing downward pressure state.

[0067] The transmission shaft adapter adopts a regular hexagonal hole with an inscribed circle diameter of 6mm ( Figure 8 ) matched with the regular hexagonal shaft of the output interface of the power transmission shaft, and the two are in surface contact for rotary torque transmission.

[0068] The transmission shaft adapter hole is 25mm deep ( Figure 7-1 ), and the pressurizing component needs to move a space distance of 10mm between the "locked" ( Figure 8 ) and "released" ( Figure 11 ) states. Therefore, the power transmission shaft and the transmission shaft adapter are not mechanically connected, but adopt a floating limit. Under the action of the energy storage spring of the pressurizing component, the transmission shaft adapter can move in the axial direction of the power transmission shaft.

[0069] The cutter head component is the object component implemented by the pressurizing component, which exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the cutter head component to improve the cutting efficiency of the drilling cutter head. The transmission shaft adapter mainly ensures that the cutter head can still effectively transmit rotary force after being pressed downward under the fixed state of the rotating transmission rod.

[0070] The drilling cutter head of the application is a low-speed rotary cutter head structure suitable for vacuum environment. To ensure the safety of the astronaut's extravehicular drilling operation, the cutter shaft rotates at a speed not greater than 50° / s, and the cutting feed of the cutting edge is completed autonomously after the cutting edge is subjected to constant pressure. It is composed of a cutter body 1 and a cutting edge 2.

[0071] 1) Cutter body

[0072] The cutter body is provided with an inner hexagonal hole with a diameter of 20 mm and a bottom spacing of 11 mm, and the hexagonal hole facilitates installation and meets the transmission of rotating force. Figure 13

[0073] 2) Cutter edge

[0074] The cutter edge has a front angle 21, a back angle 22, a side angle 23 and a cutting tip 24, and is composed of four parts Figure 15 To effectively improve the drilling efficiency, the cutter edge parameters are particularly important. The front angle represents the inclination of the rake face, and is the angle between the rake face of the cutter edge and the surface of the cut material. The larger the front angle, the sharper the cutter, but the strength of the cutter edge will be reduced. The back angle is the angle between the relief face of the cutter edge and the surface of the cut material, and represents the friction degree of the relief face in the cutting process. The larger the back angle, the smaller the friction, the higher the machining surface quality, and the higher the sharpness of the cutter edge. The side angle is the angle between the side face of the cutter edge from the rake face to the relief face and the feed direction of the cutter head, and represents the cutting angle in the cutting process. The smaller the side angle, the smaller the cutting force, and the higher the cutting accuracy.

[0075] In view of the characteristics of selecting a small-density metal material for the outer shell of the space cabin, a large-angle mode is selected in the design of the front angle of the cutter edge, so that the cutting stress can be reduced and the thermal stress can be reduced when the metal material is extruded by the cutting edge, and the cutting surface finish can be effectively improved. A large-angle mode is selected in the design of the back angle of the cutter edge to improve the machining surface quality. A small-angle mode is selected in the design of the side angle of the cutter edge to reduce the cutting force and improve the machining accuracy.

[0076] According to the movement mode of the cutter head, 12 cutter edges are uniformly distributed on the cutter body in the circumferential direction. One cutter edge is arranged every 30° Figure 14 According to the low-speed rotation characteristics of the cutter shaft speed, an innovative design is made on the structure of the cutter edge (the angle of the side angle of the cutter edge is 24.9°-25.1°, the front angle of the cutter edge is set to 59.9°-60.1°, the back angle of the cutter edge is set to 28.4°-28.6°, and the metal sharp angle in the range of 0.5 mm-1 mm at the front end of the cutting tip), the front angle of the cutter edge is designed to ensure the sharpness of the cutter face, and the back angle of the cutter edge is designed to reduce the friction of the cutter edge. According to the characteristics of the use of the cutter head by astronauts in a vacuum environment, through the above parameter design, the cutter head can still have machining on the cutting object under the condition of low-speed movement and small cutting force of the cutting tip, and has the characteristics of high-precision machining.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the front angle of the cutter edge is set to 60° Figure 16 The back angle of the cutter edge is set to 28.5° Figure 17 to form a cutting angle of 31.5°, which increases the strength of the cutter edge under the premise of ensuring the sharpness of the rake face and the small friction of the relief face; and the side angle of the cutter edge is set to 25° Figure 18 ​), ensure the sharp corner of the tip head, and ensure the strength of the tip.

[0078] To remind astronauts that the tool head is dangerous goods and is prohibited to touch, red vacuum pigment is applied on the outside of the tool head, so that astronauts can see the tool head area clearly in the space suit.

[0079] Although the present application has been disclosed with the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application by using the disclosed methods and technical contents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, which does not depart from the technical solutions of the present application, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pressurized rotation mechanism suitable for zero-gravity environments, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a cutting tool, including rotary transmission rod, release component, pressurizing component and cutter head component; The rotary transmission rod is used for transmitting rotary power to the cutter head component; The release component is used for locking the pressurizing component in non-processing and releasing the pressurizing component in processing, and the pressurizing component exerts a downward pressure on the upper end of the cutter head component to ensure that the cutter head component is in close contact with a cutting object under pressure during rotation. The release component includes an operating handle, a reset spring, a locking pin, a baffle, and a shell. The shell is provided with a through hole for the rotary transmission rod to pass through and a groove perpendicular to the axis of the through hole, one end of the groove is in communication with the through hole, the locking pin is installed in the groove, the large end of the locking pin is a free end, the operating handle and the small end of the locking pin are connected by a rotating shaft, the movement path of the operating handle is limited by the two side baffles installed on the shell to prevent the operating handle from rotating around the locking pin as the center, and the reset spring is sleeved on the small end of the locking pin installed in the groove.

2. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 1, characterized by: In the locked state, the reset spring is pressed against the locking pin to keep the elastic force of the reset spring acting on the locking pin based on the shell, and in the pressurizing state, the operating handle is stressed to pull up the locking pin through the rotating shaft, and the locking pin is separated from the locking position to be unlocked. The operating handle includes an operating rod and a triangular platform at the front end, the triangular platform is composed of A, B, and C planes, the A and B planes are state fixed platforms, and the C plane is connected to the operating rod, the A and B planes are provided with arc surfaces to become the rotary contact points of the triangular platform, a positioning pin hole is arranged between the A and B planes as the center of rotation of the operating handle as a whole, the length of the A plane is more than twice the length of the B plane to ensure that the distance between the positioning pin hole and the B plane is more than three times the distance between the positioning pin hole and the A plane, the operating rod is composed of E and F planes, the E plane is parallel to the B plane, and the F plane is parallel to the A plane, the positioning pin makes the A plane or the B plane of the operating handle contact with the shell through the rotating shaft to maintain a stable state, and in the pressurizing state, the operating handle is stressed, the operating handle rotates from the A plane to the B plane with the front end contact point as the fulcrum, because the distance between the positioning pin hole and the B plane is more than three times the distance between the positioning pin hole and the A plane, the rotating shaft is lifted along with the positioning pin hole, the locking pin is pulled up at the same time, and the locking pin is separated from the locking position. The pressurizing component includes an energy storage spring, a shell structure, an observation port, and a reset handle. The shell structure is a cylindrical structure, the upper end of which is installed below the through hole of the release component shell to form a whole set outside the cutter head component, the lower end of the shell structure is provided with an observation port for observing the movement of the cutter head component, the energy storage spring is installed in the shell structure and arranged at the upper end of the cutter head component, the energy storage spring expands to release the elastic force in the released state to exert a downward pressure on the upper end of the cutter head component, thereby ensuring that the cutter head component is in close contact with a cutting object under pressure during rotation, and the reset handle is installed at both ends of the release component shell to provide an external force to overcome the energy storage spring and drive the shell structure and the release component shell to reset to the locking position.

3. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 2, characterized by: The rotating transmission rod is composed of an outer shell and an internal power transmission shaft, the upper end of the shell is provided with a mechanical constraint interface of a power device for providing rotating power, and the lower end is provided with an annular locking surface, and the pressurizing component can effectively realize 360° locking state around the annular locking surface.

4. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a gravity-free environment according to claim 3, characterized by: The upper end of the shell structure is connected with the release component shell through a stepped flange surface, the internal part of the shell structure is provided with an annular groove with an upward opening, the outer side of the inner wall of the annular groove is provided with a stepped surface for cooperating with the lower end of the annular locking surface, and the center through hole of the annular groove is used for placing the lower end of the rotating transmission rod and the upper end of the drill head component, and the drill head component is fixed at the bottom of the annular groove.

5. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 1, characterized by: The drill head component includes a transmission shaft adapter, a drill head adapter and a drilling drill head. The drilling drill head is connected with the rotating transmission rod through the drill head adapter and the transmission shaft adapter, the transmission shaft adapter is a sleeve structure with a flange, the rotating transmission rod is sleeved in the sleeve structure, and the flange is connected with the drill head adapter.

6. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 5, characterized by: The drilling drill head includes a blade body and blades distributed on the blade body, the number of the blades is multiple, and the blades are uniformly distributed on the blade body in a circumferential direction, each blade includes a rake angle representing the inclination degree of a rake face, a relief angle representing the friction degree of a relief face in a cutting process, a side angle representing the chamfering angle of the blade in a chamfering process and a tip according to the movement mode of the blade, the side angle is set to 24.9°-25.1°, and the tip can be automatically fed and cut under the action of constant pressure under the condition that the rotating speed of the blade shaft is not greater than 50° / s in a low speed condition in a vacuum environment.

7. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 6, characterized by: The rake angle of the blade is set to 59.9°-60.1°, and the drilling efficiency of the drill head is improved.

8. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 6, characterized by: The relief angle of the blade is set to 28.4°-28.6°, and the surface finish of the drilling is improved.

9. The pressurized rotating mechanism for use in a zero-gravity environment according to claim 6, characterized by: The tip is a front end round head with a diameter of 0.5mm-1mm.

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