A three-dimensional constructed wetland device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional constructed wetland device, which comprises a plurality of groups of constructed wetland modules arranged in the vertical direction. Each group of constructed wetland modules includes two constructed wetland boxes, designated as the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box. The first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box are arranged in a stepped manner, and the first constructed wetland box is higher than the second constructed wetland box. Both the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box include an outer frame and a filler frame body. The filler frame bodies in the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box are inclined in opposite directions and arranged in the corresponding outer frames; realizing three-dimensional water treatment, and each group of constructed wetland modules includes two constructed wetland boxes arranged in a stepped manner at different heights. With the cooperation of the inlet, outlet and filler frame body, while realizing its own subsurface flow filtration, it can also guide the surface flow of water to flow out from the first constructed wetland box to the second constructed wetland box in an S-shaped flow pattern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of constructed wetlands, and particularly to a three-dimensional constructed wetland device. Background Art

[0002] Constructed wetlands have the advantages of good sewage purification effect and low operation cost, and at the same time have a landscape effect. Therefore, constructed wetlands are widely promoted and used for the treatment of polluted water bodies, especially in the field of purifying polluted surface water or low-polluted water.

[0003] Since the problems of conventional constructed wetlands are large floor area and low utilization rate, in the prior art, through three-dimensional setting. For example, a Chinese patent with the application number 202321400268.5 discloses a space-saving wetland system, including a support frame and more than one wetland system unit. Each wetland system unit includes several layers of artificial wetland modules arranged at intervals longitudinally along the support frame. Each artificial wetland module includes a filler frame body and fillers filled in the filler frame body. By arranging more than one wetland system unit in an array on the horizontal plane, the space utilization rate of each layer is improved, and thus the utilization rate of the entire longitudinal space is improved. However, on the one hand, it is necessary to alternately set surface flow constructed wetland units and subsurface flow constructed wetland units separately, which increases the three-dimensional occupied space. On the other hand, when there is water accumulation in a single artificial wetland unit due to blockage or impurity accumulation, the water flow cannot be quickly transmitted and released, reducing the efficiency of the entire device. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a three-dimensional constructed wetland device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional constructed wetland device that can effectively solve the problems existing in the above prior art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A three-dimensional constructed wetland device includes several groups of artificial wetland modules arranged vertically. Each group of artificial wetland modules includes two artificial wetland boxes, designated as the first artificial wetland box and the second artificial wetland box. The first artificial wetland box and the second artificial wetland box are arranged in a stepped manner, and the first artificial wetland box is higher than the second artificial wetland box; both the first artificial wetland box and the second artificial wetland box include an outer frame and a filler frame body. The filler frame bodies in the first artificial wetland box and the second artificial wetland box are inclined in opposite directions and arranged in the corresponding outer frames; and

[0006] A first inlet and a first outlet are provided on the outer frame of the first artificial wetland box. The first inlet corresponds to the higher part of the corresponding filler frame body and is configured to guide the water flow to the higher part of the filler frame body; the first outlet corresponds to the lower part of the corresponding filler frame body and is configured to receive the water flow flowing out from the lower part of the filler frame body;

[0007] The outer frame of the second constructed wetland box is provided with a second inlet and a second outlet. The second inlet corresponds to the higher position of the corresponding filler box body and is communicated with the first outlet through a pipeline. The second outlet corresponds to the lower position of the corresponding filler box body and is used to guide the water flow out and fall to the first inlet of the corresponding first constructed wetland box below.

[0008] The first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box further include a third outlet, which is arranged at the bottom end of the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box and is close to the lower position of the corresponding filler box body. The third outlet is configured to lead out the water flow that infiltrates from the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box.

[0009] Preferably, the second constructed wetland box in the upper layer of the constructed wetland module is located above the first constructed wetland box in the lower layer of the constructed wetland module, and the first inlet of the first constructed wetland box in the lower layer is located below the second outlet of the second constructed wetland box in the upper layer and is used to receive the water flow falling from the second outlet.

[0010] Preferably, along the vertical direction downward, at least from the first inlet of the first constructed wetland box at the second level, there is a notch, and the notch is used to store a fixed amount of water flow.

[0011] Preferably, the outer frame of the first constructed wetland box is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet at both inclined ends of the filler box body; the outer frame of the second constructed wetland box is provided with a second inlet and a second outlet at both inclined ends of the filler box body; and

[0012] Adjusting mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the filler box bodies in the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box. The adjusting mechanisms are configured to switch the inclined direction of the filler box body regularly or as needed, and the higher side of the filler box body seals the corresponding outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes:

[0014] A central shaft, which is located at the central position below the filler box body. The central shaft rotates or the filler box body rotates around the central shaft to adjust the inclined direction of the filler box body.

[0015] Preferably, within the outer frame and below the filler box body, and on both sides of the central shaft, there are installed jacking structures, and the jacking structures are configured to drive the filler box body to rotate around the central shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the jacking structure is a kind of airbag structure. The airbag structure is configured to lift the corresponding side of the filler box body when inflated; and the airbag structures on both sides of the central shaft are in opposite states; and

[0017] An air delivery device is installed between the airbag structures on both sides of the same packing frame body, and the air delivery device is configured to guide the gas flow in one airbag structure to flow into the other airbag structure.

[0018] Preferably, a drainage mechanism is installed at least in the second constructed wetland box. The drainage mechanism includes:

[0019] A flexible diversion plate is arranged below the soil layer in the second constructed wetland box. It includes an upward concave state and a downward concave state. When in the upward concave state, it receives and guides part of the water flowing downward from the soil layer to directly flow into the second outlet.

[0020] A driving structure, when the water level in the second constructed wetland box rises, controls the flexible diversion plate to gradually switch from the downward concave state to the upward concave state.

[0021] Preferably, partitions are arranged on both sides of the flexible diversion plate. The two partitions divide at least the area above the flexible diversion plate into independent areas. There are gaps at the positions of the partitions where the flexible diversion plate is located. The side of the flexible diversion plate is slidably installed in the gaps through vertical plates, and the vertical plates are connected to the driving structure. The driving structure controls the vertical plates to rise or fall in the gaps, and when the vertical plates rise, it pulls the flexible diversion plate to gradually switch from the downward concave state to the upward concave state, and at the same time closes the gaps. When the vertical plates fall, it pushes the flexible diversion plate to gradually switch from the upward concave state to the downward concave state, and at the same time opens the gaps.

[0022] Preferably, the driving structure includes a vertical cylinder. An opening is arranged on the vertical cylinder, and the opening communicates the inner cavity of the vertical cylinder and the packing frame body. A buoy is placed in the inner cavity, and the buoy is connected to the vertical plate, and drives the vertical plate to move synchronously with the floating or sinking of the buoy.

[0023] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, through a number of groups of constructed wetland modules arranged in the vertical direction, three-dimensional water treatment is realized. And each group of constructed wetland modules includes two constructed wetland boxes arranged in a stepped high and low manner. Cooperating with the inlet, outlet and packing frame body, while realizing its own subsurface flow filtration, it can also guide the surface flow of water to flow out from the first constructed wetland box to the second constructed wetland box in an S-shaped flow mode.

[0024] In addition, the upper and lower constructed wetland boxes are arranged, and through the arrangement of the second outlet and the first outlet below, the water flowing down from the second outlet is received through the first outlet, and the oxygen in the water after subsurface flow can be increased by using the impact of the falling water, without the need to separately set up an aeration device.

[0025] In the present invention, an adjusting mechanism is provided, which can adjust the inclination direction of the packing frame body regularly or as needed, avoid the serious deviation of the packing mode in the packing frame body due to the inclination and the flow of water, reduce the maintenance cost, and improve the service life.

[0026] In the present invention, through the action of the drainage mechanism, when the water level in the artificial wetland box is too high, rapid drainage can be achieved, accelerating the flow of water in the entire artificial wetland device, and avoiding the situation where the water seepage under the upper artificial wetland box is too slow, resulting in water accumulation in the upper artificial wetland box and too little water flow in the lower artificial wetland box, thus comprehensively improving the utilization efficiency of the entire artificial wetland device and enhancing the purification effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0028] In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the three-dimensional artificial wetland device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the interior of the first artificial wetland box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the interior of the second artificial wetland box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the second artificial wetland box of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the change of the flexible guide plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is the graph of the variation law of the concentration of A1 - A4 in autumn and winter of the present invention with time;

[0035] Figure 7 is the graph of the variation of the concentration at the water outlets of A1 and B1 in autumn and winter of the present invention with time;

[0036] Figure 8 is the graph of the variation of the concentration at the water outlets of A2 and B2 in autumn and winter of the present invention with time;

[0037] Figure 9 is the graph of the variation of the concentration at the water outlets of A3 and B3 in autumn and winter of the present invention with time;

[0038] Figure 10 is the graph of the variation of the concentration at the water outlets of A4 and B4 in autumn and winter of the present invention with time;

[0039] Figure 11It is a graph showing the variation of the concentrations of various pollutants at the water outlet of the present invention with time;

[0040] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, the first artificial wetland tank; 2, the second artificial wetland tank; 3, the outer frame; 4, the filler frame body; 5, the first inlet; 6, the first outlet; 7, the second inlet; 8, the second outlet; 9, the third outlet; 10, the notch; 11, the central axis; 12, the top extension structure; 13, the flexible flow guiding plate; 14, the partition board; 15, the gap; 16, the vertical plate; 17, the vertical cylinder; 18, the opening; 19, the buoy; 20, the rubber pad; 21, the arc-shaped block. Specific embodiments

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The terms used in the embodiment part of the present invention are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present invention, rather than being intended to limit the present invention. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, a three-dimensional artificial wetland device includes a plurality of groups of artificial wetland modules arranged vertically. Each group of artificial wetland modules includes two artificial wetland tanks, designated as the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2. The first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2 are arranged in a stepped manner, and the first artificial wetland tank 1 is higher than the second artificial wetland tank 2. And vertically, the positions of the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2 on each layer are alternately arranged; for example, referring to Figure 1 shown, the second artificial wetland tank 2 on the second layer corresponds to the first artificial wetland tank 1 on the first layer, and the first artificial wetland tank 1 on the second layer corresponds to the second artificial wetland tank 2 on the second layer; both the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2 include an outer frame 3 and a filler frame body 4. The filler frame bodies 4 in the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2 are inclined in opposite directions and arranged in the corresponding outer frames 3; a first inlet 5 and a first outlet 6 are provided on the outer frame 3 of the first artificial wetland tank 1. The first inlet 5 corresponds to the higher part of the corresponding filler frame body 4 and is configured to guide the water flow to the higher part of the filler frame body 4; the first outlet 6 corresponds to the lower part of the corresponding filler frame body 4 and is configured to receive the water flow flowing out from the lower part of the filler frame body 4; a second inlet 7 and a second outlet 8 are provided on the outer frame 3 of the second artificial wetland tank 2. The second inlet 7 corresponds to the higher part of the corresponding filler frame body 4 and is connected to the first outlet 6 through a pipeline. The second outlet 8 corresponds to the lower part of the corresponding filler frame body 4 and is used to guide the water flow out and fall to the first inlet 5 of the corresponding first artificial wetland tank 1 below; the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2 further include a third outlet 9, which is arranged at the bottom ends of the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2 and close to the lower parts of the corresponding filler frame bodies 4. The third outlet 9 is configured to lead out the water flow that infiltrates from the first artificial wetland tank 1 and the second artificial wetland tank 2.

[0043] Based on the above, referring to Figure 1 As shown, sewage enters from the first inlet 5 of the first artificial wetland tank 1 on the first layer and flows into the upper part of the corresponding packing frame 4 of the first artificial wetland tank 1 through the first inlet 5. The packing frame 4 is filled with packing, including soil for planting plants, and the lower layer of the soil includes a gravel layer and / or a zeolite layer; a part of the sewage seeps into the packing frame 4 and continuously seeps down along the packing to the corresponding third outlet 9 and is discharged from the third outlet 9; based on this, it can be directly discharged from the third outlet 9 into the second artificial wetland tank 2 on the lower layer, or the third outlet 9 of the first artificial wetland tank 1 is connected to the second outlet 8 of the second artificial wetland on the same layer through a pipeline, or a drip structure is arranged at the third outlet 9 to introduce it into the second artificial wetland tank 2 on the lower layer;

[0044] Another part of the sewage flows on the surface, enters into the first outlet 6, and enters into the second inlet 7 through the pipeline between the first outlet 6 and the second inlet 7, and then enters into the packing frame 4 in the second artificial wetland tank 2 from the second inlet 7. Similarly, through the way of seepage flow or surface flow, a part of the sewage is discharged from the third outlet 9 of the second artificial wetland tank 2, and the water flow guiding mode of the third outlet 9 can be set in the same way as above, and another part flows out along the second outlet 8;

[0045] Referring to Figure 1 As shown, the second artificial wetland tank 2 in the upper artificial wetland module is located above the first artificial wetland tank 1 in the lower artificial wetland module, and the first inlet 5 of the first artificial wetland tank 1 in the lower layer is located below the second outlet 8 of the second artificial wetland tank 2 in the upper layer and is used to receive the water flow falling from the second outlet 8 and is directed vertically downward. At least a notch 10 is arranged in the first inlet 5 of the first artificial wetland tank 1 from the second stage, and the notch 10 is used to store a certain amount of water flow; by using the impact of the falling water flow, the oxygen in the water flow after subsurface flow can be increased without additionally arranging an aeration device;

[0046] In a specific embodiment, based on the above, a first inlet 5 and a first outlet 6 are provided at both inclined ends of the packing frame 4 on the outer frame 3 of the first constructed wetland tank 1; a second inlet 7 and a second outlet 8 are provided at both inclined ends of the packing frame 4 on the outer frame 3 of the second constructed wetland tank 2; and adjusting mechanisms are provided at the bottom of the packing frames 4 in both the first constructed wetland tank 1 and the second constructed wetland tank 2. The adjusting mechanisms are configured to switch the inclined direction of the packing frame 4 regularly or as needed. Similarly, when the water level in the constructed wetland tank is too high, rapid drainage can be achieved, accelerating the flow of water in the entire constructed wetland device, avoiding the situation where the infiltration in the upper constructed wetland tank is too slow, resulting in the accumulation of water level in the upper constructed wetland tank and too little water flow in the lower constructed wetland tank, comprehensively improving the utilization efficiency of the entire constructed wetland device, enhancing the purification effect, and sealing the corresponding outlet on the higher side of the packing frame 4.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2 When the packing frame 4 is inclined towards the left, at this time, the right side of the packing frame 4 will be higher than the outlet on the right side of the outer frame 3, and the left side will be lower than the outlet on the left side of the outer frame 3. Similarly, as shown in Figure 3 When the packing frame 4 is inclined towards the right, at this time, the right side of the packing frame 4 will be lower than the outlet on the right side of the outer frame 3, and the left side will be higher than the outlet on the left side of the outer frame 3. The higher side of the packing frame 4 will block the outlet;

[0048] Furthermore, a rubber pad 20 can be provided on the outer surface of the packing frame 4 to dynamically compensate for the gap between the packing frame 4 and the outer frame 3 and better block the outlet when at a higher position.

[0049] Among them, as shown in Figure 2 - Figure 3 The adjusting mechanism includes a central shaft 11, which is located at the central position below the packing frame 4. The central shaft 11 rotates or the packing frame 4 rotates around the central shaft 11 to adjust the inclined direction of the packing frame 4. A driving motor can be provided at the end of the central shaft 11 to drive the central shaft 11 to rotate to adjust the orientation of the packing frame 4.

[0050] To avoid the hard change of the state of the packing frame 4 affecting the state of the internal packing, jacking structures 12 are installed on both sides of the central shaft 11 below the packing frame 4 inside the outer frame 3. The jacking structures 12 are configured to drive the packing frame 4 to rotate around the central shaft 11; in a specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 - Figure 3 The jacking structure 12 is an airbag structure, and the airbag structure is configured to lift the corresponding side of the packing frame 4 when inflated; and the airbag structures on both sides of the central shaft 11 are in opposite states; and an air conveying device, such as a pump structure, can be installed between the airbag structures on both sides of the same packing frame 4 to enable the structure that can convey gas from one area to another area. The air conveying device is configured to guide the gas flow in one airbag structure to another airbag structure.

[0051] For example, as shown in Figure 2 below, gas is transported from the right airbag structure of the central shaft 11 to the left airbag structure through the gas delivery device, causing the right airbag structure to gradually collapse downward and the left airbag structure to gradually bulge upward, thereby slowly and smoothly adjusting the tilting direction of the packing frame 4.

[0052] Based on the above, the position of the gas delivery device can be optionally set: between the first artificial wetland box 1 and the second artificial wetland box 2 on the same layer. Specifically, on the same layer, the two airbag structures on the same side in the first artificial wetland box 1 are connected to the gas delivery device through pipes. During operation, the gas in the airbag structure in the first artificial wetland box 1 is transported into the inner airbag structure on the same side in the second artificial wetland box 2. At the same time, the above operations are performed on the airbag structures on both sides, so that synchronous and relative adjustment can be achieved between the first artificial wetland box 1 and the second artificial wetland box 2.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, based on the above content, as shown in Figure 4 below, a drainage mechanism is at least installed in the second artificial wetland box 2. The drainage mechanism includes: a flexible diversion plate 13 and a driving structure. The flexible diversion plate 13 is arranged below the soil layer in the second artificial wetland box 2 and includes an upward concave state and a downward concave state. An arc-shaped block 21 can be arranged below the flexible diversion plate 13 to support the flexible diversion plate 13 in the downward concave state. The center of the flexible diversion plate 13 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped block 21. When in the upward concave state, it receives and guides part of the water seeping from the soil layer to directly flow into the second outlet 8; when the water level in the second artificial wetland box 2 rises, the driving structure controls the flexible diversion plate 13 to gradually switch from the downward concave state to the upward concave state.

[0054] Wherein, partitions 14 are arranged on both sides of the flexible diversion plate 13. The two partitions 14 at least divide the area above the flexible diversion plate 13 into independent areas. The partitions 14 are provided with notches 15 at the position of the flexible diversion plate 13. The side of the flexible diversion plate 13 is slidably installed in the notch 15 through a vertical plate 16, and the vertical plate 16 is connected to the driving structure. The driving structure controls the vertical plate 16 to rise or fall in the notch 15. When the vertical plate 16 rises, it pulls the flexible diversion plate 13 to gradually switch from the downward concave state to the upward concave state, and at the same time closes the notch 15. When the vertical plate 16 falls, it pushes the flexible diversion plate 13 to gradually switch from the upward concave state to the downward concave state, and at the same time opens the notch 15;

[0055] The driving structure includes a vertical cylinder 17. An opening 18 is arranged on the vertical cylinder 17. The opening 18 communicates the inner cavity of the vertical cylinder 17 and the packing frame 4. A floating buoy 19 is placed in the inner cavity. The floating buoy 19 is connected to the vertical plate 16 and drives the vertical plate 16 to move synchronously as the floating buoy 19 floats or sinks.

[0056] Based on the above, during operation, as shown in Figure 5 and taking the second artificial wetland tank 2 as an example, when the water level in the second artificial wetland tank 2 is too high due to slow infiltration, blocked outlet, or too fast water inflow, etc., at this time, the buoy 19 (a structure with an airbag and capable of floating on the water surface) rises and pulls the vertical plate 16 below it upward. When the vertical plate 16 moves upward, on the one hand, the notch 15 is closed by the vertical plate 16 itself, and on the other hand, it can synchronously drive the end of the flexible guide plate 13 to move upward. Since the arc-shaped support flexible center is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped block 21, when the two ends of the flexible guide plate 13 do not move upward at the same time, it can be switched to the upward concave state. Through the upward concave flexible guide plate 13, part of the water infiltrating from the soil can be intercepted and directly flow into the second outlet 8 in an inclined state. Through the second outlet 8, it directly flows down into the artificial wetland tank below. This part of the sewage does not need to pass through the filler under the soil for the infiltration process, realizing rapid drainage, accelerating the flow of water in the entire artificial wetland device, avoiding the situation that the water level accumulates in the upper artificial wetland tank due to slow infiltration in the upper artificial wetland tank while the water flow in the lower artificial wetland tank is too small, comprehensively improving the utilization efficiency of the entire artificial wetland device and enhancing the purification effect; when the water level drops, the buoy 19 drops synchronously, the vertical plate 16 resets under the action of gravity, and the notch 15 is opened. The flexible guide plate 13 resets to the downward concave state, and the sewage infiltrating onto the flexible guide plate 13 flows along the flexible guide plate 13 to the notches 15 on both sides and flows into the filler under the soil; realizing adaptive dynamic adjustment.

[0057] Based on the above, in a specific experimental simulation case:

[0058] Test water:

[0059] Referring to the concentration of initial rainstorm runoff in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the test water uses simulated rainwater [65,66], and glucose, NH4Cl, and KH2PO4 are added to tap water to prepare artificial wastewater. The specific influent water quality is shown in the following table:

[0060]

[0061] Experimental substrate:

[0062] The filler substrate is gravel, sand, and soil; the gravel and sand are screened, washed, and dried, and then filled according to the principle that the particle size decreases from bottom to top. The thickness and particle size of each layer are shown in the following table. The setting of multiple layers of substrates can improve the purification efficiency of the wetland and effectively prevent blockage:

[0063]

[0064] Test method:

[0065] Test time: October 2022 - August 2023;

[0066] Experimental content: (1) It is carried out in two stages. From October 2022 to November 2022 is the first stage. The hydraulic load is set at 280 mm / d. The wetland filler for cleaning is divided into two parts, and one part is reserved for the next stage of the experiment; clean water is introduced into the wetland. After running for 15 days, the experiment starts. The configured sewage is pumped into the inlet of the wetland through a peristaltic pump. The wetland operates in the mode of running for 2 days and stopping for 1 day. Water samples are taken every 3 days for measurement, and sampling is carried out 8 - 9 times, and a control group is set; this stage mainly explores the removal law of pollutants by the constructed wetland device under low-temperature conditions and its advantages compared with traditional wetlands; after the first stage of the experiment, all the substrates in the device are removed and the device is cleaned; (2) From July 2023 to August 2023 is the second stage. The hydraulic load in the second stage is set at 280 mm / d. The wetland substrate is refilled for the experiment, and a control group is set; this stage explores the change of the removal law of pollutants by the constructed wetland device under high-temperature conditions and its advantages compared with traditional wetlands;

[0067] The first stage: The experiment was carried out from October 13th to November 9th, and water was taken 9 times in total. The highest temperature was 18℃, the lowest temperature was 5℃, and the average temperature was 12.5℃; a control experiment was set. The experiment took the outlet sewage of the four levels of the wetland at time gradients and carried out and TP measurements, and plotted the graphs of pollutant concentrations changing with the wetland levels for each water sampling and the graphs of pollutant concentrations at specific wetland levels changing with time; as shown in Figure 6 , for the graphs of the change law of NH4+-N concentration with time of A1 - A4 in autumn and winter; yellow represents the concentration of group A (the constructed wetland device of the present invention), and green represents the concentration of group B (traditional wetland);

[0068] It can be seen that the concentrations at the outlets of A1 and A2 have the same trend; the concentrations at the outlets of A1 and A2 change significantly with time, and the concentration at the outlet of A3 also changes significantly with time. This shows that in the winter experiment, the removal of is concentrated in the first, second, and third levels. The purification efficiency of the first-level wetland is the highest at 98.34%, and the lowest is 0%; the highest purification efficiency of the first two-level wetlands is 99.04%, and the lowest is 0.34%; the highest purification efficiency of the first three-level wetlands is 99.10%, and the lowest is 86.90%; the final purification efficiency of each water sampling is above 96.84%; as shown in Figure 7 - Figure 10 , in order to more intuitively compare the concentration change differences between group A and group B at different water sampling times, the graphs of the change of concentration at the outlets of each level of the wetland with time are made for comparison; the final effluent shows that the purification efficiency of the constructed wetland device of the present invention is still very high.

[0069] The first stage: The experiment was carried out from July 16th to August 9th. A total of 8 water samplings were taken. The highest temperature was 36°C, the lowest temperature was 28°C, and the average temperature was 31.7°C. The concentration data of the outlet pollutants were collected, and the graphs of the concentrations of various pollutants changing with time after being purified by the entire constructed wetland device were drawn. As Figure 11 shown, it is the graph of the concentrations of various pollutants at the outlet changing with time; It can be seen from Figure 11 that the purification efficiencies of COD and have always remained at a relatively high level. The average purification efficiency of COD is 82.54%, and the purification efficiency of almost reaches 100%, and the purification efficiency is higher than that of many existing wetlands; The TP concentration was relatively small at the initial stage of the experiment. After the second water sampling, the purification efficiency of TP decreased. At this time, the adsorption of phosphorus by the wetland substrate had gradually stabilized, but the adsorption capacity for phosphorus was still at a relatively high level; In the subsequent several water samplings, the adsorption capacity of the substrate continued to decline, and the final concentration reached the peak value.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, after learning the content recorded in the present invention, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several equivalent transformations and substitutions can still be made to it, and these equivalent transformations and substitutions should also be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional constructed wetland device, characterized in that: It includes several groups of constructed wetland modules arranged vertically. Each group of the constructed wetland modules includes two constructed wetland boxes, designated as the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box. The first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box are arranged in a stepped manner, and the first constructed wetland box is higher than the second constructed wetland box. The first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box both include an outer frame and a filler frame body. The filler frame bodies in the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box are inclined in opposite directions and arranged in the corresponding outer frames. And On the outer frame of the first constructed wetland box, there are a first inlet and a first outlet. The first inlet corresponds to the higher part of the corresponding filler frame body and is configured to guide the water flow to the higher part of the filler frame body. The first outlet corresponds to the lower part of the corresponding filler frame body and is configured to receive the water flow flowing out from the lower part of the filler frame body. On the outer frame of the second constructed wetland box, there are a second inlet and a second outlet. The second inlet corresponds to the higher part of the corresponding filler frame body and is connected to the first outlet through a pipeline. The second outlet corresponds to the lower part of the corresponding filler frame body and is used to guide the water flow out and fall to the first inlet of the corresponding first constructed wetland box below. The first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland also include a third outlet, which is arranged at the bottom of the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland and close to the lower part of the corresponding filler frame body. The third outlet is configured to lead out the water flow infiltrated from the inside of the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box. On the outer frame of the first constructed wetland box, there are a first inlet and a first outlet at both inclined ends of the filler frame body. On the outer frame of the second constructed wetland box, there are a second inlet and a second outlet at both inclined ends of the filler frame body. And At the bottom of the filler frame bodies in the first constructed wetland box and the second constructed wetland box, there are adjustment mechanisms. The adjustment mechanisms are configured to switch the inclination direction of the filler frame bodies regularly or as needed, and the higher side of the filler frame body seals the corresponding outlet. The adjustment mechanism includes: A central shaft, located at the central position below the filler frame body. The central shaft rotates or the filler frame body rotates around the central shaft to adjust the inclination direction of the filler frame body.

2. The three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second constructed wetland box in the upper layer of the constructed wetland modules is located above the first constructed wetland box in the lower layer of the constructed wetland modules. And the first inlet of the first constructed wetland box in the lower layer is located below the second outlet of the second constructed wetland box in the upper layer and is used to receive the water flow falling from the second outlet.

3. The three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Downward along the vertical direction, at least from the first inlet of the first constructed wetland box at the second level and above, there are notches, which are used to store a certain amount of water flow.

4. A three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the filler frame body and on both sides of the central shaft in the outer frame, there are top - extension structures installed. The top - extension structures are configured to drive the filler frame body to rotate around the central shaft.

5. The three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 4, wherein: The top - extension structure is a kind of air - bag structure. The air - bag structure is configured to lift the corresponding side of the filler frame body when inflated. And the states of the air - bag structures on both sides of the central shaft are opposite. And An air delivery device is installed between the airbag structures on both sides of the same packing box body, and the air delivery device is configured to guide the gas flow in one airbag structure into another airbag structure.

6. The three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 1, wherein: At least a drainage mechanism is installed in the second constructed wetland box, and the drainage mechanism includes: A flexible diversion plate is arranged below the soil layer in the second constructed wetland box, including an upward concave state and a downward concave state. In the upward concave state, it receives and guides part of the water seeping from the soil layer to directly flow into the second outlet. A driving structure controls the flexible diversion plate to gradually switch from the downward concave state to the upward concave state when the water level in the second constructed wetland box rises.

7. The three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 6, wherein: Partition plates are arranged on both sides of the flexible diversion plate. The two partition plates divide at least the area above the flexible diversion plate into independent areas. The partition plates are provided with gaps at the position of the flexible diversion plate. The side edge of the flexible diversion plate is slidably installed in the gap through a vertical plate, and the vertical plate is connected to the driving structure. The driving structure controls the vertical plate to rise or fall in the gap, and when the vertical plate rises, it pulls the flexible diversion plate to gradually switch from the downward concave state to the upward concave state, and at the same time closes the gap. When the vertical plate descends, it pushes the flexible diversion plate to gradually switch from the upward concave state to the downward concave state, and at the same time opens the gap.

8. The three-dimensional constructed wetland device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a vertical cylinder, an opening is arranged on the vertical cylinder, and the opening communicates with the inner cavity of the vertical cylinder and the packing box body. A buoy is placed in the inner cavity, and the buoy is connected to the vertical plate and drives the vertical plate to move synchronously with the floating or sinking of the buoy.

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