An axial vibrator suitable for releasing the pressure of drill string in extended reach wells

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial vibrator suitable for releasing the pressure of a drill string in an extended displacement well, and relates to the technical field of drilling operations. The invention forms an electromagnetic pulse axial vibration mode based on the electromagnetic principle. The essence of the invention is to perform reciprocating impact along the axial direction of the drill bit, and on this basis, optimize the transmission structure in the overall reciprocating impact process into a front rod, a middle rod and a rear rod. The specific process is as follows: based on the axial impact process, the flow direction of the drilling fluid is optimized again to obtain an outer bending spring frame and an inner bending spring frame. The outer bending spring frame is adaptively deviated in cooperation with the axial impact action, and its purpose is to reduce the dispersion of the impact force in the reciprocating impact action and ensure that the impact direction is maintained in the axial direction. The inner bending spring frame is used to maintain the impact force transmission direction, ensure the deflection degree of the middle rod relative to the rear rod, and ensure that the overall axial vibration process is maintained parallel to the length direction of the drill bit, and is mainly used to stabilize the drilling pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling operations, and in particular to an axial vibrator suitable for releasing the pressure of a drill string in a large-displacement well. Background Art

[0002] In order to solve the pressure support problem in extended reach well drilling operations, the conventional method is to use vibration assistance on the basis of optimizing the drilling trajectory and drilling fluid. Referring to the relevant contents in publication numbers CN111395966A and CN111395967A, the essence of the method is to solve the pressure support problem by reducing the friction resistance of the drill string through vibration.

[0003] Conventional vibrators are essentially mechanical or hydraulic pulse vibrations, and their vibration direction is parallel to the length of the drill bit, which can reduce the friction and resistance between the drill bit and the wellbore wall. However, the wellbore structure of large-displacement wells is complex. In the actual drilling process, the vibration direction of the vibrator cannot be completely parallel to the length of the drill bit. Therefore, during the pressure release process, it cannot be completely guaranteed that the vibrator cooperates with the drill bit to eat into the formation under the dual effects of deadweight and drilling pressure, and may even further affect the wellbore inner wall structure.

[0004] This application proposes a solution to this problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an axial vibrator suitable for pressure release of drill string in extended reach wells. The vibrator used in extended reach well drilling operations is explained because the essence of the vibrator is to reduce the friction and resistance between the drill bit and the well wall by vibration. However, the wellbore environment of the extended reach well is complex. During the vibration process, it is difficult to ensure that the vibration direction is parallel to the length direction of the drill bit. Therefore, during the pressure release process, the deviation of the pressure release direction will further affect the wellbore environment and drilling efficiency.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: an axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended displacement well, comprising a connecting sleeve and a drill body, wherein the axial vibrator is installed on the drill body through the connecting sleeve, and a cooperative component is arranged inside the connecting sleeve;

[0007] The cooperative assembly comprises a front rod, a middle rod, a rear rod, an energized winding coil assembly and a permanent magnet block. The front rod, the middle rod, the rear rod, the energized winding coil assembly and the permanent magnet block are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the drill body. The permanent magnet block is installed on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. The energized winding coil assembly is installed on the front rod. The front rod passes through the permanent magnet block.

[0008] A collision block is installed on the rear rod, a directional sleeve is arranged on the middle rod, and a turbine fan blade is arranged in the directional sleeve.

[0009] It is further configured that: both ends of the middle rod are configured as spheres, and the middle rod is movably connected to the front rod and the rear rod through the spheres.

[0010] It is further configured as follows: a front plate and a rear plate are respectively provided on the front rod and the rear rod, a rotating ring corresponding to the front plate and the rear plate is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the directional sleeve, an outer bending spring frame is provided between the front plate and the rotating ring, and an inner bending spring frame is provided between the rear plate and the rotating ring.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: the outer bending spring frame is in a curved arch shape along a direction close to the inner wall position of the connecting sleeve, and the inner curved surface of the inner bending spring frame matches the outer wall position of the center rod.

[0012] It is further configured as follows: the front plate center point position and the front rod are movably connected, and the rear plate and the rear rod are fixedly connected.

[0013] It is further configured as follows: the directional sleeve is installed on the turbine blade, and the center point position of the turbine blade is movably connected to the mid-position rod.

[0014] It is further configured as follows: the front plate is located at the right side of the permanent magnet block, and the rear plate is located at the left side of the collision block.

[0015] It is further configured as follows: the outer diameter of the rear plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the directional sleeve, and the middle section of the inner bending spring frame is in a curved arc shape along the direction close to the middle rod.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention is aimed at drilling operations of extended-reach wells, and specifically forms an electromagnetic pulse-type axial vibration mode by combining the repulsive force between the energized winding coil assembly and the permanent magnet block with the hydraulic pressure generated during the flow of drilling fluid. The vibration mode is as follows: under the influence of the repulsive force between the energized winding coil assembly and the permanent magnet block, the hydraulic pressure of the drilling fluid is used as the driving force to drive the impact block to reciprocately impact the connecting sleeve, so that in the drilling operation, the impact block axially impacts the connecting sleeve, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration propulsion for the drilling tool body;

[0018] Based on the above content, the transmission structure in the overall reciprocating impact process is optimized into a front rod, a middle rod and a rear rod. Its essence is that the transmission method in the axial impact process is not completely parallel to the length direction of the drill body. In the specific operation process, the outer bending spring frame and the inner bending spring frame are specifically optimized and designed. The purpose is: the overall transmission process is carried out in sections, and the outer bending spring frame is adaptively deviated with the axial impact action. The outer bending spring frame is deformed outward under pressure. Its purpose is to reduce the degree of impact force dispersion in the reciprocating impact action and initially maintain the direction of movement during axial vibration. The key is that the inner bending spring frame is used to maintain the direction of impact force transmission, ensure the deflection degree of the middle rod relative to the rear rod, and ensure that the overall axial vibration process is maintained parallel to the length direction of the drill. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in extended reach wells proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a connecting sleeve in an axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended-reach well proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The invention proposes an axial vibrator suitable for releasing the pressure of the drill string in a large displacement well. Figure 2 A front view of

[0023] Figure 4 This is a disassembled diagram of an axial vibration cooperative component suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in extended reach wells proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a cooperative component in an axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended-reach well proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a directional sleeve in an axial vibrator suitable for pressure release of a drill string in a large-reach well proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Drill tool body; 2. Connecting sleeve; 3. Energized winding coil assembly; 4. Front position rod; 5. Front position plate; 6. Outer bending spring frame; 7. Rotating ring; 8. Inner bending spring frame; 9. Impact block; 10. Permanent magnet block; 11. Rear position plate; 12. Directional sleeve; 13. Turbine fan blade; 14. Rear position rod; 15. Middle position rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1: The vibrator used in the extended reach well drilling operation is described. The essence of the vibrator is to reduce the friction and resistance between the drill bit and the well wall by vibration. However, the wellbore environment of the extended reach well is complex. It is difficult to ensure that the vibration direction is parallel to the length direction of the drill tool during the vibration process. Therefore, during the pressure release process, the deviation of the pressure release direction will further affect the wellbore environment and drilling efficiency. In this regard, the present application proposes the following technical solutions:

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 6 In this embodiment, an axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended displacement well comprises a connecting sleeve 2 and a drill body 1. The axial vibrator is installed on the drill body 1 through the connecting sleeve 2, and a cooperative component is arranged inside the connecting sleeve 2;

[0030] The cooperative assembly includes a front rod 4, a middle rod 15, a rear rod 14, an energized winding coil assembly 3 and a permanent magnet block 10. The front rod 4, the middle rod 15, the rear rod 14, the energized winding coil assembly 3 and the permanent magnet block 10 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the drill body 1. The permanent magnet block 10 is installed on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 2. The energized winding coil assembly 3 is installed on the front rod 4. The front rod 4 passes through the permanent magnet block 10.

[0031] A collision block 9 is installed on the rear rod 14, a directional sleeve 12 is provided on the middle rod 15, and a turbine fan blade 13 is provided in the directional sleeve 12. Both ends of the middle rod 15 are set as spheres, and the middle rod 15 is movably connected to the front rod 4 and the rear rod 14 through the spheres.

[0032] Basic principle: A brief description of the drilling operation of the extended displacement well is given: the drill bit is displaced greatly in the wellbore by rotating the drill bit and the propulsion system, which specifically includes the rotation system, propulsion system and control system. The present invention provides a supplementary description of the propulsion system, which is specifically based on the axial vibrator and refers to Figure 1 and Figure 2Provide explanation;

[0033] During the drilling operation, the ground is continuously replenished with drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid is continuously replenished into the drill body 1 in the form of high pressure. For this, the axial vibrator in the present invention is installed at one end of the drill body 1, and the drilling fluid flow process will also pass through the axial vibrator. It should be noted that: the energized winding coil assembly 3 can be intermittently energized by the ground control system;

[0034] In the initial state, the powered winding coil assembly 3 is also subjected to the hydraulic pressure from the drilling fluid, causing the powered winding coil assembly 3 to show a movement trend from left to right. However, when the powered winding coil assembly 3 is powered on and generates a repulsive force with the permanent magnet block 10, the overall front rod 4 will not move. When the powered winding coil assembly 3 is powered off, the repulsive force between the permanent magnet block 10 disappears.

[0035] Under the hydraulic pressure of the drilling fluid, the front rod 4, the middle rod 15 and the rear rod 14 move quickly, causing the collision block 9 to quickly hit the connecting sleeve 2, thereby generating an axial thrust on the drill bit body 1, and then the energized winding coil assembly 3 quickly resumes power, and the collision block 9 is reset. This process continues in this way, thereby forming a reciprocating impact process similar to an electromagnetic pulse in the overall axial vibrator;

[0036] This embodiment improves the transmission structure for the reciprocating impact process, wherein the front rod 4, the middle rod 15 and the rear rod 14 constitute the transmission structure. Under normal conditions, the front rod 4, the middle rod 15 and the rear rod 14 are completely parallel to the length direction of the drill body 1, and the movement directions of the front rod 4 and the rear rod 14 remain parallel to the length direction of the drill body 1. However, the middle rod 15 will also undergo adaptive deflection while maintaining linear movement during the actual reciprocating impact process. The specific purpose is to maintain the axial impact direction.

[0037] Embodiment 2: Based on the technical content in Embodiment 1, additional explanation is given for the external bending spring frame therein:

[0038] The front rod 4 and the rear rod 14 are respectively provided with a front plate 5 and a rear plate 11, and a rotating ring 7 corresponding to the front plate 5 and the rear plate 11 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the directional sleeve 12, an outer bending spring frame 6 is provided between the front plate 5 and the rotating ring 7, and an inner bending spring frame 8 is provided between the rear plate 11 and the rotating ring 7. The outer bending spring frame 6 is in a curved arch shape along the direction close to the inner wall position of the connecting sleeve 2, and the inner curved surface of the inner bending spring frame 8 matches the outer wall position of the middle rod 15. The center point of the front plate 5 and the front rod 4 are movably connected, and the rear plate 11 and the rear rod 14 are fixedly connected.

[0039] Solution Description: Combined Figure 5A description is given. The movement directions of the front rod 4 and the rear rod 14 cannot be changed, while the movement process of the middle rod 15 is jointly affected by the outer bending spring frame 6 and the turbine fan blade 13. The manifestations are as follows: When the energized winding coil assembly 3 generates an axial movement through the liquid pressure of the drilling fluid, theoretically, the middle rod 15 will also perform an axial movement. However, due to the complex wellbore environment during the drilling operation of a long displacement well, the overall axial vibrator and the drill string body 1 are not completely vertical, and the direction of the liquid pressure applied by the drilling fluid deviates from the axis of the drill string body 1;

[0040] Based on this, an outer bending spring frame 6 is connected between the front plate 5 and the orientation sleeve 12, so that the front plate 5 will also undergo an adaptive deflection. The axial movement process of the front plate 5 driven by the front rod 4 can only maintain the axial movement. However, since the front plate 5 is movably connected to the front rod 4, the front plate 5 will also deviate during the deviation process of the orientation sleeve 12. During this process, the outer bending spring frame 6 will undergo a directional bending during the deviation processes of the front plate 5 and the orientation sleeve 12, and further restricts the structural characteristics of the outer bending spring frame 6, so as to ensure that the outer bending spring frame 6 can only undergo a bending deformation along the direction close to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 2;

[0041] It should be further explained that if the orientation sleeve 12 undergoes a small clockwise deviation due to the direction of the liquid pressure of the drilling fluid, theoretically, the front plate 5 will also undergo a small clockwise deviation. However, under the action of gravity and axial impact, the orientation sleeve 12 will also reset. During this process, the outer bending spring frame 6 is completely deformed until it contacts the inner wall position of the connecting sleeve 2. The key content of this embodiment is that when the overall drilling trajectory deviates, the outer bending spring frame 6 initially maintains the application direction of the impact force during axial vibration.

[0042] Embodiment Three: Supplementary description of the inner bending spring frame in cooperation with the turbine fan blade on the middle rod:

[0043] The orientation sleeve 12 is installed on the turbine fan blade 13. The center point position of the turbine fan blade 13 is movably connected to the middle rod 15. The front plate 5 is located on the right side of the permanent magnet block 10, and the rear plate 11 is located on the left side of the striker 9. The outer diameter of the rear plate 11 is smaller than the outer diameter of the orientation sleeve 12. The middle section of the inner bending spring frame 8 is bent in an arc shape along the direction close to the middle rod 15.

[0044] Solution description: This embodiment is supplementary to Embodiment 2. As shown in Embodiment 2, when there is an adaptability deviation in the orientation sleeve 12, since there is an inner bent spring frame 8 connected between the orientation sleeve 12 and the rear plate 11, the difference between the rear plate 11 and the front plate 5 is that the rear plate 11 is fixedly installed on the rear rod 14, and the rear rod 14 can only move axially. Therefore, the adaptability deviation process of the orientation sleeve 12 will also be "forced to be corrected" by the rear plate 11;

[0045] It should be further noted that during the "forced correction" process, the mutual interference between the orientation sleeve 12 and the rear plate 11 will cause the inner bent spring frame 8 to undergo an adaptability bending deformation. Different from the bending deformation process of the outer bent spring frame 6, the inner bent spring frame 8 can only deform in the direction of the middle rod 15, and its purpose is to forcibly change the deviation process of the middle rod 15;

[0046] The following supplementary description is made by combining this embodiment with Embodiment 2:

[0047] S1: When the drilling fluid flows axially continuously, and the overall connecting sleeve 2 is not in a vertical state, and when the front rod 4 moves axially, the middle rod 15 will have an adaptability deviation. During this process, the axial impact force during the axial movement of the energized winding coil assembly 3 will be dispersed. Therefore, in order to maintain the direction of the axial impact force, the outer bent spring frame 6 first undergoes an adaptability bending deformation, specifically in cooperation with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 2, so as to initially maintain the direction of the axial impact force during the axial movement of the energized winding coil assembly 3;

[0048] S2: It should also be noted in combination with the technical content in S1 that the turbine fan blades 13 in the orientation sleeve 12 will also undergo an adaptability deflection in cooperation with the flow direction of the drilling fluid and the action of the gravity field. However, the key point is that when the middle rod 15 undergoes an adaptability deflection, it will cause the direction of the axial impact force during the axial movement of the energized winding coil assembly 3 to deviate from the length direction of the drill body 1, thereby reducing the axial impact force during the axial movement of the energized winding coil assembly 3. For this reason, the rear plate 11 cooperates with the rear rod 14 to forcibly intervene in the adaptability deviation action of the middle rod 15. The key is to ensure that the inner bent spring frame 8 bends in the direction close to the middle rod 15, and its purpose is to limit the adaptability deviation action of the middle rod 15 with the axial movement direction of the rear rod 14. On the contrary, it can also be understood that when the middle rod 15 undergoes an adaptability deviation action, it will also forcibly intervene in the bending deformation state of the inner bent spring frame 8, thereby further affecting the rear plate 11 and the orientation sleeve 12 with the bending deformation process of the inner bent spring frame 8, and forcibly intervening in the adaptability deflection action of the front plate 5 again with the orientation sleeve 12, thereby further intervening in the bending deformation process of the outer bent spring frame 6;

[0049] S3: Summarize and explain the related points in S1 and S2: The key content of the present invention lies in the outer bending spring frame 6 between the front plate 5 and the directional sleeve 12, and the inner bending spring frame 8 between the rear plate 11 and the directional sleeve 12. The above two interfere with each other. In large-displacement drilling operations, regardless of the complexity of the wellbore environment, the outer bending spring frame 6 and the inner bending spring frame 8 interfere with each other and deform. The purpose is to continuously maintain the direction of the axial impact force when the energized winding coil assembly 3 moves axially, and to ensure that the direction of the axial impact force is always parallel to the length direction of the drill bit body 1.

[0050] In summary: the electromagnetic pulse axial vibration mode is formed by electromagnetic principle. Its essence is to perform reciprocating impact along the axial direction of the drill bit. On this basis, the transmission structure in the overall reciprocating impact process is optimized into a front rod, a middle rod and a rear rod. The specific process is as follows: based on the axial impact process, the flow direction of the drilling fluid is optimized again to obtain an outer bending spring frame and an inner bending spring frame. The outer bending spring frame is adaptively deviated in conjunction with the axial impact action. Its purpose is to reduce the degree of impact force dispersion in the reciprocating impact action and ensure that the impact direction is maintained in the axial direction. The inner bending spring frame is used to maintain the impact force transmission direction, ensure the deflection degree of the middle rod relative to the rear rod, and ensure that the overall axial vibration process is maintained parallel to the length direction of the drill bit.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An axial vibrator suitable for releasing the pressure of a drill string in an extended reach well, comprising a connecting sleeve (2) and a drilling tool body (1), characterized in that: The axial vibrator is mounted on the drilling tool body (1) via a connecting sleeve (2), and a cooperating component is arranged inside the connecting sleeve (2); The cooperative assembly comprises a front rod (4), a middle rod (15), a rear rod (14), an energized winding coil assembly (3) and a permanent magnet block (10); the front rod (4), the middle rod (15), the rear rod (14), the energized winding coil assembly (3) and the permanent magnet block (10) are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the drilling tool body (1); the permanent magnet block (10) is mounted on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (2); the energized winding coil assembly (3) is mounted on the front rod (4); and the front rod (4) passes through the permanent magnet block (10); The rear rod (14) is provided with a collision block (9), the middle rod (15) is provided with a directional sleeve (12), a turbine blade (13) is provided in the directional sleeve (12), the front rod (4) and the rear rod (14) are provided with a front plate (5) and a rear plate (11) respectively, a rotating ring (7) corresponding to the front plate (5) and the rear plate (11) is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the directional sleeve (12), and a rotating ring (7) is provided between the front plate (5) and the rotating ring (7). An outer bending spring frame (6) is provided, and an inner bending spring frame (8) is provided between the rear plate (11) and the rotating ring (7); the outer bending spring frame (6) is in a curved arch shape in a direction close to the inner wall position of the connecting sleeve (2); the inner curved surface of the inner bending spring frame (8) matches the outer wall position of the middle rod (15); the outer diameter of the rear plate (11) is smaller than the outer diameter of the directional sleeve (12); and the middle section of the inner bending spring frame (8) is in a curved arc shape in a direction close to the middle rod (15).

2. The axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended reach well according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the middle rod (15) are arranged as spheres, and the middle rod (15) is movably connected to the front rod (4) and the rear rod (14) via the spheres.

3. The axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended reach well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front plate (5) is movably connected to the front rod (4) at its center point, and the rear plate (11) is fixedly connected to the rear rod (14).

4. The axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended reach well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional sleeve (12) is mounted on the turbine blade (13), and the center point of the turbine blade (13) is movably connected to the center rod (15).

5. The axial vibrator suitable for supporting and releasing the drill string pressure in an extended reach well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front plate (5) is located on the right side of the permanent magnet block (10), and the rear plate (11) is located on the left side of the collision block (9).

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