A water-entry test device and test method for a water-surface aircraft cabin

Abstract

This invention discloses a water entry test device and method for a surface vehicle segment. The segment model is fixed to the bottom of a connecting device. The pitch adjustment device includes a length-adjustable rod and a length-fixed rod. Two pitch adjustment devices are respectively located on the two longitudinal sides of the roll adjustment device on the segment model 1. The length-adjustable rod is located at the corresponding position on the roll adjustment device. The roll adjustment device is connected to a vertical restraint device. A gantry crane is connected to a deployment truss structure. An electromagnetic release device is connected to the lower part of the gantry crane. The electromagnetic release device is connected to the vertical restraint device via a rope. A speed monitoring device is connected to the vertical restraint device, which has a through hole. A speed monitoring mark is fixed on the deployment truss structure. When the vertical restraint device moves to a set position, the speed monitoring mark is fully displayed in the through hole of the speed monitoring device. A camera system is also included. This test method is convenient, simple, and highly versatile, and can monitor the instantaneous speed of the test model upon water entry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrodynamic testing technology, and in particular relates to a water entry test device and test method for a water-based aircraft section. Background Technology

[0002] The study of water entry into surface aircraft sections involves nonlinear coupling problems experienced by the structure after submersion. These problems are difficult to describe analytically; therefore, model testing is an important method for studying water entry. Water entry tests of surface aircraft sections have a short impact phase, requiring high accuracy in the velocity of the section upon contact with the water surface. Furthermore, common surface aircraft section models range in size from 0.5 to 3 meters and weigh from 100 to 700 kilograms, necessitating a simple and easy-to-operate test setup. Currently existing water entry devices all have certain shortcomings, failing to simultaneously achieve ease of operation and comprehensive functionality, and thus cannot cover most of the requirements for surface aircraft section water entry test setups.

[0003] Chinese Patent 201610429105.8 provides a multi-functional water slamming test deployment device. This solution can realize multiple types of water slamming deployment functions through a pair of T-shaped brackets and a motor. However, the device is relatively bulky and the design is relatively complex, making it only suitable for water slamming tests of small-sized compartments.

[0004] Chinese Patent 201811533380.X provides a vertical water immersion test device for a structure. This solution can realize the vertical water immersion test of the structure by deploying a truss structure, a vertically moving trolley and corresponding supporting devices. The test device has a simple structure and is relatively easy to install, but its function is limited and it cannot realize the water immersion test of a section with an inclined angle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention

[0006] In view of the fact that existing water entry test methods for surface aircraft sections cannot simultaneously achieve the advantages of simple structure and multiple functions, and have high test costs, making them unsuitable for large-scale water entry tests of surface aircraft sections, this invention provides a water entry test device and test method for surface aircraft sections.

[0007] Invention Technology Solutions

[0008] A water-entry test device for a surface aircraft section includes a connecting device, a section model fixed to the bottom of the connecting device, a pitch adjustment device including a length adjustable rod and a length fixed rod, two pitch adjustment devices respectively located on the two longitudinal sides of the roll adjustment device on the section model 1, the length adjustable rod located at the corresponding position of the roll adjustment device, the roll adjustment device connected to a vertical restraint device, a gantry crane connected to a deployment truss structure, an electromagnetic release device connected to the lower part of the gantry crane, the electromagnetic release device connected to the vertical restraint device via a rope, a speed monitoring device connected to the vertical restraint device, the speed monitoring device having a through hole, a speed monitoring mark fixed on the deployment truss structure, when the vertical restraint device moves to a set position, the speed monitoring mark is fully displayed in the through hole of the speed monitoring device; it also includes a camera system for taking photos of the speed mark.

[0009] Preferably, the top surface of the roll adjustment device is fixed with an installation angle adjustment plate, and the installation angle adjustment plate has two rows of small round holes. The centers of the two rows of small round holes are located on two circular arcs with the same center and different radii, and the two rows of small round holes are staggered.

[0010] Preferably, an angle fixing plate is fixed on the top surface of the vertical constraint device. The angle fixing plate is set at the corresponding position of the installation angle adjustment plate. Two small round holes are opened on the angle fixing plate, and the line connecting the centers of the two small round holes on the angle fixing plate is along the vertical direction.

[0011] Preferably, the axis of the angle adjustment plate, the axis of the angle fixing plate, and the line connecting the centers of the two small holes on the angle fixing plate are all located within the longitudinal symmetry plane of the compartment model 1.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical constraint device is a rectangular frame, with sliders connected to all four corners of the vertical constraint device. The sliders are slidably mounted on the vertical slide rails on the deployment truss structure.

[0013] Preferably, the long edge section model of the vertical restraint device is lateral, and the short edge section model of the vertical restraint device is longitudinal.

[0014] Preferably, the roll adjustment device is a rectangular frame, with the long side of the roll adjustment device along the transverse direction of the cabin section model and the short side along the longitudinal direction of the cabin section model.

[0015] Preferably, the through hole of the speed monitoring device is a circular hole, and the speed mark is a circle with the same diameter as the through hole of the speed monitoring device. When the bottom of the compartment model just touches the water surface, the center of the speed mark coincides with the center of the circular hole of the speed monitoring device.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary longitudinal beam is connected to the two long sides of the vertical constraint device at both ends, and the auxiliary longitudinal beam is connected to the top surface of the vertical constraint device.

[0017] A test method using a water entry test apparatus for a surface aircraft section includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Adjust the pitch and roll adjustment devices to bring the module model to the required angle under working conditions. Use a gantry crane to lift the test device until the slider fixed on the vertical constraint device is connected to the slide rail fixed on the deployment truss structure.

[0019] Step 2: Lift the test device to the designated height using a gantry crane, place the speed monitoring markers at the preset positions, align the camera system with the speed markers, and start the high-speed camera system and data acquisition system;

[0020] Step 3: Once the water surface is calm, the electromagnetic release device can be activated to conduct the water entry test of the water-based aircraft section; test data is obtained through the data acquisition system, and the instantaneous velocity of the section model upon entering the water is calculated by observing the speed monitoring marks and speed monitoring devices in the camera system;

[0021] The method for monitoring the instantaneous velocity of the experimental model upon entering the water is as follows: During the experiment, observation is conducted using a camera system. Assuming there are n photos taken from the top of the velocity marker at the bottom of the circular hole of the velocity monitoring device until the center of the velocity marker coincides with the center of the circular hole, the camera system has a frame rate of Nfps, and the radius of the velocity marker is L meters, then the instantaneous velocity v upon entering the water can be calculated using the following formula.

[0022]

[0023] Advantages of this invention: The test method is convenient, simple, and highly versatile, and can monitor the instantaneous velocity of the test model upon entering the water. The test device has a simple structure, making it easy to disassemble, transport, and adjust its operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a water-entry test device for a surface aircraft section.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the water entry test device for a surface aircraft section.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the method for adjusting the angle using a pitch adjustment device.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the method for adjusting the angle of the roll adjustment device.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a method for monitoring the instantaneous velocity upon entering the water.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Cabin model; 2. Connecting device; 3. Pitch adjustment device; 4. Roll adjustment device; 5. Vertical restraint device; 6. Electromagnetic unhooking device; 7. Placement onto the truss structure; 8. Overhead crane; 9. Sliding block; 10. Slide rail; 11. Speed ​​indicator; 12. High-speed camera system; 13. Data acquisition system; 14. Speed ​​monitoring device; 15. Placement pool. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0031] A water-entry test device for a surface aircraft section includes a section model 1, a connecting device 2, a pitch adjustment device 3, a roll adjustment device 4, a vertical restraint device 5, an electromagnetic unhooking device 6, a release truss structure 7, a gantry crane 8, a slider 9, a slide rail 10, a speed marker 11, a high-speed camera system 12, a data acquisition system 13, a speed monitoring device 14, and a release pool 15.

[0032] The compartment model 1 and the connecting device 2 are connected by bolts. In this embodiment, the connecting device 2 includes two longitudinal connecting beams, two transverse beams and four connecting lugs. The longitudinal connecting beams and transverse reinforcing beams are welded and fixed into a rectangular frame. The spacing of the longitudinal connecting beams should be determined according to the compartment size.

[0033] In this embodiment, the pitch adjustment device 3 has two sets, such as Figure 3 As shown, each pitch adjustment device 3 includes an adjustment cylinder, an adjustment rod, and a connecting rod. One end of the adjustment rod extends into the adjustment cylinder. Both the adjustment rod and the adjustment cylinder have several insertion holes. Pins are inserted into different holes on the adjustment cylinder and the adjustment rod to adjust the length of the adjustment rod extending out of the adjustment cylinder and to connect the adjustment cylinder and the adjustment rod. The other ends of the adjustment cylinder and the adjustment rod are connected to the connecting device 2 and the roll adjustment device 4 respectively by bolts. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the roll adjustment device 4, and the other end is bolted to the connecting device 2. After installation, one end of the connecting device 2 should only be able to rotate downwards.

[0034] In this embodiment, the roll adjustment device 4 includes three longitudinal beams, two transverse beams, two angle adjustment plates, four auxiliary connecting plates, four lugs, and two bearing bases. Two longitudinal beams and two transverse beams are connected to form a rectangular frame structure. The remaining longitudinal beam connects to the middle of the two transverse beams, with its axis located on the longitudinal symmetry plane of the compartment model 1. Angle adjustment plates are fixedly installed at corresponding positions on the upper surfaces of the two transverse beams, with their axes also located on the longitudinal symmetry plane of the compartment model 1. Bearing bases are fixedly installed on the lower surfaces of the two transverse beams. Bearings are installed at both ends of the shaft, and the bearings are housed within the bearing bases. The outer sides of both ends of the two transverse beams are connected to the pitch adjustment device 3 via lugs. The adjustment cylinders of the pitch adjustment device 3 are located at corresponding positions on the same side. The four auxiliary connecting plates connected to the outer sides of both ends of the two transverse beams are connected to the vertical constraint device 5 via bolts. Figure 4As shown, the angle adjustment plate has two rows of circular holes, centered on the shaft. The outer row has five degrees: -8°, -4°, 0° (vertical direction), 3°, and 7°, while the inner row has five degrees: -6°, -2°, 1°, 5°, and 9°. This allows for adjustment in integer degrees from 0° to 9° by working with the shaft. If necessary, the number of holes can be increased until the required operating conditions are met, provided the device functions normally. The transverse beam of the roll adjustment device 4 is along the transverse direction of the compartment model 1, and the longitudinal beam is along the longitudinal direction of the compartment model 1.

[0035] The vertical restraint device 5 includes two longitudinal beams, two transverse beams, two angle fixing plates, four auxiliary fixing plates, four lugs, two auxiliary longitudinal beams, and two bearing bases. The two longitudinal beams and two transverse beams are connected to form a rectangular frame. The angle fixing plates correspond to the angle adjustment plates in the roll adjustment device 4. Each angle fixing plate has two circular holes, one above the other. The axes of the angle fixing plates and the angle adjustment plates in the roll adjustment device 4, as well as the centers of the two circular holes, are all located within the longitudinal symmetry plane of the compartment model 1. The auxiliary longitudinal beams connect the two transverse beams and are located on the top surface of the transverse beams. In this embodiment, two auxiliary longitudinal beams are provided. These beams increase the strength of the vertical restraint device 5 and also provide a flexible buffer between them, reducing the impact of the falling iron ring on the compartment and the test device after unhooking. Two L-shaped plates are arranged at each of the four corners of the vertical restraint device 5, and these plates are connected to the slider 9 by bolts.

[0036] The speed monitoring device 14 is fixed to the vertical constraint device 5 and is used in conjunction with the speed indicator 11. The speed monitoring device 14 is plate-shaped with a circular hole. The speed indicator 11 is circular with the same diameter as the hole in the speed monitoring device 14. The speed indicator 11 is made of magnetic material and can adhere to the deployment truss structure 7 without slipping. Figure 5 As shown, in the initial state, the bottom of the compartment model 1 is just touching the water surface. At this time, the center of the speed mark 11 coincides with the center of the circular hole of the speed monitoring device 14.

[0037] The test method using the above-mentioned device includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: According to Figure 1 The following components are connected in sequence: module model 1, connecting device 2, pitch adjustment device 3, roll adjustment device 4, vertical restraint device 5, electromagnetic unhooking device 6, and overhead crane 8 mounted on the deployment truss structure 7.

[0039] Step 2: Adjust the pitch adjustment device 3 and the roll adjustment device 4 to the required angles for the working conditions. Slowly lift the test device using the overhead crane 8 until the slider 9 fixed on the vertical constraint device 5 is connected to the slide rail 10 fixed on the release truss structure 7.

[0040] Step 3: Lift the test device to the designated height using the overhead crane 8, place the speed monitoring mark 11 at the preset position, align the high-speed camera system 12 with the speed mark 11, and start the high-speed camera system 12 and the data acquisition system 13;

[0041] Step 4: Once the water surface is calm, the electromagnetic release device 6 can be activated to conduct the water entry test of the water-based aircraft section. The test data measured by the sensors on the section model 1 is obtained through the data acquisition system 13, and the instantaneous velocity of the section model 1 upon water entry is calculated by observing the speed monitoring mark 11 and the speed monitoring device 14 in the high-speed camera system 12.

[0042] This experimental setup uses a free-fall method, requiring the water entry velocity to be converted into the height above the water. This can be calculated using the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] The instantaneous velocity monitoring method for the experimental model upon entering the water is as follows: During the experiment, observation is conducted using a high-speed camera system 12. Assuming there are n photos taken from the top of the velocity marker 11 at the bottom of the circular hole in the velocity monitoring device 14 to the point where the center of the velocity marker 11 coincides with the center of the circular hole in the velocity monitoring device 14, the frame rate of the high-speed camera system 12 is Nfps, and the radius of the velocity marker 11 is L meters, then the instantaneous velocity v upon entering the water can be calculated using the following formula.

[0045]

[0046] The scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its scope. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, then the intent of this invention also includes these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A water entry test device for a surface aircraft section, characterized in that, The system includes a connecting device, with the compartment model fixed to the bottom of the connecting device. The pitch adjustment device includes a length-adjustable rod and a length-fixed rod. Two pitch adjustment devices are respectively located on the two longitudinal sides of the roll adjustment device on both sides of the compartment model. The length-adjustable rod is located at the corresponding position on the roll adjustment device. The roll adjustment device is connected to a vertical restraint device. A gantry crane is connected to the deployment truss structure. An electromagnetic release device is connected to the lower part of the gantry crane. The electromagnetic release device is connected to the vertical restraint device via ropes. A speed monitoring device is connected to the vertical restraint device, and the speed monitoring device has a through hole. A speed monitoring mark is fixed on the deployment truss structure. When the vertical restraint device moves to the set position, the speed monitoring mark is fully displayed in the through hole of the speed monitoring device. The system also includes a camera system for taking photos of the speed mark. The through hole of the speed monitoring device is a circular hole, and the speed mark is a circle with the same diameter as the through hole of the speed monitoring device. When the bottom of the compartment model just touches the water surface, the center of the speed mark coincides with the center of the circular hole of the speed monitoring device.

2. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the roll adjustment device is fixed with an angle adjustment plate. The angle adjustment plate has two rows of small round holes. The centers of the two rows of small round holes are located on two circular arcs with the same center and different radii. The two rows of small round holes are staggered.

3. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An angle fixing plate is fixed on the top surface of the vertical constraint device. The angle fixing plate is set at the corresponding position of the installation angle adjustment plate. Two small round holes are opened on the angle fixing plate, and the line connecting the centers of the two small round holes on the angle fixing plate is along the vertical direction.

4. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The axis of the angle adjustment plate, the axis of the angle fixing plate, and the line connecting the centers of the two small holes on the angle fixing plate are all located within the longitudinal symmetry plane of the compartment model.

5. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical constraint device is a rectangular frame, with sliders connected to all four corners. The sliders are slidably mounted on vertical slide rails on the deployment truss structure.

6. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The transverse aspect of the long-side compartment model of the vertical restraint device, and the longitudinal aspect of the short-side compartment model of the vertical restraint device.

7. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The roll adjustment device is a rectangular frame, with the long side of the roll adjustment device along the transverse direction of the cabin section model and the short side along the longitudinal direction of the cabin section model.

8. The water entry test device for a surface aircraft section as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary longitudinal beam is connected to the two long sides of the vertical constraint device at both ends, and the auxiliary longitudinal beam is connected to the top surface of the vertical constraint device.

9. A test method using a water entry test apparatus for a surface aircraft section as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the pitch and roll adjustment devices to bring the module model to the required angle under working conditions. Use a gantry crane to lift the test device until the slider fixed on the vertical constraint device is connected to the slide rail fixed on the deployment truss structure. Step 2: Lift the test device to the designated height using a gantry crane, place the speed monitoring markers at the preset positions, align the camera system with the speed markers, and start the high-speed camera system and data acquisition system; Step 3: Once the water surface is calm, the electromagnetic release device can be activated to conduct the water entry test of the water-based aircraft section; the test data is obtained through the data acquisition system, and the instantaneous velocity of the section model upon entering the water is calculated by observing the speed monitoring marks and speed monitoring devices in the camera system; The method for monitoring the instantaneous velocity of the experimental model upon entering the water is as follows: During the experiment, observation is conducted using a camera system. Assuming there are n photos taken from the top of the velocity marker at the bottom of the circular hole of the velocity monitoring device until the center of the velocity marker coincides with the center of the circular hole, the camera system has a frame rate of Nfps, and the radius of the velocity marker is L meters, then the instantaneous velocity v upon entering the water can be calculated using the following formula.

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