Simulation device and simulation method for water flow deposition process of riverway in arid region

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device and a simulation method for a waterflow deposition process of a riverway in an arid region, the simulation device comprises an experimental water tank, a riverway simulation assembly, a first water tank and a second water tank, and the downstream end of the experimental water tank is provided with at least one water outlet; the river channel simulation assembly is arranged in the experimental water tank and comprises a first simulation layer and a second simulation layer which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode in the vertical direction, the first simulation layer is formed by laying fine walnut shells, a channel is formed in the first simulation layer, a water inlet close to the upstream end and a water outlet close to the downstream end are formed in the first simulation layer, and the second simulation layer is formed by laying gravel; water is contained in the first water tank, the first water tank is connected with a water inlet of the channel through a water inlet pipe, one part of the water flowing into the channel flows to the downstream end, and the other part of the water infiltrates into the second simulation layer; the second water tank is connected with a water outlet of the experimental water tank through a water outlet pipe; therefore, the formation process of width and depth reduction of a downstream along-way riverway of an arid region riverway can be simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of river simulation in arid areas, and in particular to a device and a method for simulating water flow and sedimentation process in a river in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Arid areas cover 41% of the Earth's land surface, and the regional population accounts for 38% of the global total. Rivers are an important basis for ensuring and maintaining the service functions of arid ecosystems. In addition, my country has a large number of continental basins with oil and gas resources, among which river sediments are important oil and gas reservoirs. In the geological history, continental lake basins have experienced alternation between dry and wet, and river sediments formed under arid climate conditions account for a large proportion of the continental lake basin records.

[0003] In humid areas, the influx of tributary water and groundwater seepage usually lead to increased water flow and widening of river channels. In contrast, in arid environments, due to limited precipitation and strong evaporation and infiltration, the amount of water in rivers decreases sharply, and the width and depth of the river channels show a gradual decrease. However, there is a lack of flume experimental devices for simulating the gradual decrease in the width and depth of river channels in arid areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process of a river channel in an arid area, which can simulate and construct a river channel in an arid area.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels, comprising:

[0006] The experimental water tank has an upstream end and a downstream end in the length direction, and the downstream end is provided with at least one drainage outlet;

[0007] A river channel simulation component is arranged in the experimental water tank, comprising a first simulation layer and a second simulation layer stacked in sequence in the up-down direction, wherein the first simulation layer is paved with finely crushed walnut shells and has a channel with an upward notch, the channel extends along the length direction of the experimental water tank, has a water inlet near the upstream end and a water outlet near the downstream end, and the second simulation layer is paved with gravel;

[0008] a first water tank containing water and connected to the water inlet of the channel through a water inlet pipe, so that part of the water flowing into the channel through the water inlet flows to the downstream end, and the other part infiltrates into the second simulation layer; and

[0009] The second water tank is connected to the drain outlet of the experimental water tank through a water outlet pipe, and is used for accommodating water flowing out through the drain outlet.

[0010] Optionally, the second water tank is connected to the first water tank via a circulating water pipe.

[0011] Optionally, there are multiple drain outlets, and the multiple drain outlets are spaced apart along the width direction of the experimental water tank;

[0012] Correspondingly, the water outlet pipes are provided in plurality, the second water tank is provided with a plurality of water inlets, and the plurality of water inlets and the plurality of drainage outlets are connected one-to-one through the plurality of water outlet pipes.

[0013] Optionally, the device for simulating water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels further comprises:

[0014] A water level sensor, provided in the experimental water tank, for detecting the water level of the experimental water tank;

[0015] A plurality of first valves are arranged corresponding to the plurality of water outlet pipes one by one; and,

[0016] The first controller is electrically connected to the water level sensor and the first valve to control the switch of the first valve according to the detection result of the water level sensor.

[0017] Optionally, the device for simulating water flow deposition process in arid river channels further comprises a sediment feeder, wherein an outlet of the sediment feeder is arranged corresponding to the water inlet so as to input sediment into the channel through the water inlet.

[0018] Optionally, the device for simulating water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels further comprises:

[0019] A gravel filter grid is arranged at the water inlet, extending in the up-down direction, and comprises a wire mesh and a plurality of gravels filled in the wire mesh;

[0020] A funnel is inserted at the upper end of the gravel filter grid, and the water inlet pipe is inserted at the upper end of the funnel; and,

[0021] A feeding pipe, one end of which is connected to the upper end of the funnel, and the other end of which is connected to the discharge port of the sediment feeder.

[0022] Optionally, the arid river water flow deposition process simulation device further comprises a stopper, the stopper abuts against a side of the river simulation component close to the upstream end, and a supply groove is concavely provided in a portion corresponding to the channel in a direction toward the upstream end, and the supply groove is communicated with the channel;

[0023] The gravel filter grid is inserted into the supply tank.

[0024] Optionally, the arid region river water flow deposition process simulation device further includes a water flow control component, and the water flow control component includes:

[0025] A flow meter, provided in the water inlet pipe, for monitoring water flow;

[0026] a peristaltic pump, disposed in the first water tank and connected to the water inlet pipe;

[0027] A second valve is provided on the water inlet pipe; and

[0028] The second controller is electrically connected to the flow meter, the peristaltic pump and the second valve, and is used to control the switch of the valve and control the working state of the peristaltic pump according to the monitoring result of the flow meter.

[0029] Optionally, the device for simulating water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels further comprises at least one slope plate, wherein the slope plate abuts against a side of the river channel simulation component close to the downstream end, and an upper surface of the slope plate is lower than an upper surface of the first simulation layer.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels, which is applicable to a device for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels. The method for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step S1, driving the water in the first water tank to flow into the experimental water tank through the channel of the first simulation layer until the water level of the experimental water tank is flush with the bottom wall of the channel;

[0032] Step S2, driving the water in the first water tank to flow into the channel at a certain water flow rate, wherein a portion of the water flowing into the channel flows to the downstream end of the experimental water tank, and the other portion infiltrates into the second simulation layer;

[0033] Step S3: When the water flowing through the channel to the downstream end gradually decreases until there is no water at the downstream end, the water output of the water inlet pipe is increased and kept constant, and the evolution of the river channel and the sedimentation characteristics are observed.

[0034] In the technical solution of the present invention, by setting a second simulation layer paved with gravel, a part of the water in the trough flowing through the first simulation layer will seep downward, and when the water inlet volume of the water inlet pipe is constant, the amount of water flowing to the downstream end will decrease along the way, so that under laboratory conditions, it is possible to quickly and accurately simulate the process in which the water flow in the river channel gradually decreases under the action of water evaporation and infiltration of the riverbed in an arid environment, that is, to simulate the formation process in which the width and depth of the river channel in arid areas decreases along the downstream; and a first simulation layer paved with finely crushed walnut shells is set, which can be used as upstream sediment input to simulate the process in which upstream erosion of the river channel provides sediment for downstream river channel deposition under natural conditions, so that experimenters can observe the evolution and sedimentation characteristics of the river channel in arid areas; the simulation process performed by the arid area river channel water flow deposition process simulation device provided by the present invention is intuitive and realistic. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a device for simulating the sedimentation process of a river channel in arid areas provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-river simulation component;

[0038] Figure 3 The present invention provides a flow chart of the method for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels.

[0039] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0040]

[0041] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0044] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0045] Arid areas cover 41% of the Earth's land surface, and the regional population accounts for 38% of the global total. Rivers are an important basis for ensuring and maintaining the service functions of arid ecosystems. In addition, my country has a large number of continental basins with oil and gas resources, among which river sediments are important oil and gas reservoirs. In the geological history, continental lake basins have experienced alternation between dry and wet, and river sediments formed under arid climate conditions account for a large proportion of the continental lake basin records.

[0046] In humid areas, the influx of tributary water and groundwater seepage usually lead to increased water flow and widening of river channels. In contrast, in arid environments, due to limited precipitation and strong evaporation and infiltration, the amount of water in rivers decreases sharply, and the width and depth of the river channels show a gradual decrease. However, there is a lack of flume experimental devices for simulating the gradual decrease in the width and depth of river channels in arid areas.

[0047] In view of this, the present invention provides a device 100 for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in a river channel in an arid area. Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is an embodiment of a device 100 for simulating water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels provided by the present invention.

[0048] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The arid river channel water flow deposition process simulation device 100 comprises an experimental water tank 1, a river channel simulation component 2, a first water tank 3 and a second water tank 4. The experimental water tank 1 has an upstream end 11 and a downstream end 12 in its length direction, and the downstream end 12 is provided with at least one drainage outlet; the river channel simulation component 2 is arranged in the experimental water tank 1, and comprises a first simulation layer 21 and a second simulation layer 22 stacked in sequence in the up-down direction, the first simulation layer 21 is paved with finely crushed walnut shells, and is provided with a groove 211 with a notch upward, and the groove 211 is arranged along the experimental water tank 1. The water tank 1 is extended in the length direction, and has a water inlet near the upstream end 11 and a water outlet near the downstream end 12, and the second simulation layer 22 is paved with gravel; the first water tank 3 is filled with water and is connected to the water inlet of the channel 211 through the water inlet pipe 31, so that part of the water flowing into the channel 211 through the water inlet flows to the downstream end 12, and the other part seeps into the second simulation layer 22; the second water tank 4 is connected to the drain of the experimental water tank 1 through the outlet pipe 42, and is used to accommodate water flowing out through the drain.

[0049] In the technical solution of the present invention, by setting a second simulation layer 22 paved with gravel, a part of the water in the channel 211 flowing through the first simulation layer 21 will seep downward, and when the water inlet volume of the water inlet pipe is constant, the amount of water flowing to the downstream end will decrease along the way, so that the process of the gradual reduction of river water in a drought environment under strong evaporation and infiltration of the riverbed can be quickly and accurately simulated under laboratory conditions, thereby simulating the formation process of the width and depth of the river channel in arid areas decreasing along the way downstream; a first simulation layer 21 paved with finely crushed walnut shells is set, which can be used as upstream sediment input to simulate the process of upstream erosion of the river channel providing sediment for downstream river channel deposition under natural conditions, so as to allow experimenters to observe the evolution of the river channel and sedimentary characteristics; the simulation process performed by the arid river channel water flow deposition process simulation device 100 provided by the present invention is intuitive and realistic.

[0050] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the second water tank 4 is lower than the notch end of the experimental water tank 1 , so that the water in the experimental water tank 1 can automatically flow into the second water tank 4 through the outlet pipe 42 .

[0051] It should also be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the groove 211 is formed by pressing the first simulation layer 21 down with a steel pipe. Specifically, the groove 211 can be formed by placing a steel pipe on the first simulation layer 211, pressing it down to a certain depth, and then pulling it out.

[0052] For further information, see Figure 1The second water tank 4 is connected to the first water tank 3 through a circulating water pipe 6, so that the water in the second water tank 4 can flow back to the first water tank 3 for reuse, thereby realizing the recycling of water.

[0053] Furthermore, a water pump is provided in the first water tank 3 , and the water pump is connected to the circulating water pipe 6 to pump the water in the second water tank 4 into the first water tank 3 .

[0054] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , there are multiple drain ports, and the multiple drain ports are spaced apart along the width direction of the experimental water tank 1; correspondingly, there are multiple outlet pipes 42, and the second water tank 4 is provided with multiple water inlets, and the multiple water inlets and the multiple drain ports are connected one by one through the multiple outlet pipes 42. Furthermore, the multiple drain ports are evenly spaced apart along the width direction of the experimental water tank 1, so that the experimental water tank 1 is evenly drained, and the water flow is prevented from flowing in the same direction, which affects the permeability uniformity of the second simulation layer 22 and the morphology of the second simulation layer 22.

[0055] For further information, see Figure 1 The arid river water flow deposition process simulation device 100 further includes a water level sensor 7, a plurality of first valves and a first controller. The water level sensor 7 is provided in the experimental water tank 1 to detect the water level of the experimental water tank 1; the plurality of first valves are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of water outlet pipes 42; the first controller is electrically connected to the water level sensor 7 and the first valve to control the switch of the first valve according to the detection result of the water level sensor 7. In this way, the water level of the experimental water tank 1 can be controlled according to specific needs.

[0056] Specifically, the amount of upstream sediment input through the first simulation layer is limited, so please refer to Figure 1 The arid river water flow deposition process simulation device 100 further includes a sediment feeder 5, the discharge port of the sediment feeder 5 is arranged corresponding to the water inlet, so as to input sediment into the channel 211 through the water inlet. In this way, upstream sediment can be input through the sediment feeder 5, and the sediment input amount and input rate can be controlled. Different sediment input conditions can be simulated according to specific needs, thereby improving the practicality of the arid river water flow deposition process simulation device 100.

[0057] For further information, see Figure 1The arid river water flow sedimentation process simulation device 100 also includes a gravel filter grid 8, a funnel 9 and a feeding pipe 10. The gravel filter grid 8 is arranged at the water inlet, extending in the up-down direction, and includes a wire mesh and a plurality of gravels filled in the wire mesh; the funnel 9 is inserted at the upper end of the gravel filter grid 8, and the water inlet pipe 31 is inserted at the upper end of the funnel 9; one end of the feeding pipe 10 is connected to the upper end of the funnel 9, and the other end is connected to the discharge port of the sediment feeder 5. In this way, by setting the gravel filter grid 8, the mechanical differentiation of sediment particles under natural conditions can be simulated, and the impact of water flow and sediment can be reduced.

[0058] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the funnel 9 is a pointed funnel to ensure that the silt leaks down at a constant rate.

[0059] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The arid river channel water flow deposition process simulation device 100 further includes a stopper 1A, which abuts against a side of the river channel simulation component 2 close to the upstream end 11, and a supply groove 1A1 is recessed in the portion corresponding to the channel 211 in the direction toward the upstream end 11, and the supply groove 1A1 is connected to the channel 211; the gravel filter grid 8 is inserted in the supply groove 1A1. Furthermore, the upper end surface of the gravel filter grid 8 is not higher than the upper end surface of the stopper 1A, so as to prevent the water flowing out of the funnel 9 from flowing out of the stopper 1A through the side wall of the gravel filter grid 8.

[0060] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The device 100 for simulating the process of water flow deposition in arid river channels also includes a water flow control component, which includes a flow meter, a peristaltic pump, a second valve, and a second controller. The flow meter is arranged in the water inlet pipe 31 to monitor the water flow; the peristaltic pump is arranged in the first water tank 3 and connected to the water inlet pipe 31; the second valve is arranged in the water inlet pipe 31; the second controller is electrically connected to the flow meter, the peristaltic pump, and the second valve to control the switch of the valve and the working state of the peristaltic pump according to the monitoring result of the flow meter. In this way, the water flow of the water inlet pipe 31 can be adjusted in real time to achieve a constant water supply rate, simulate various upstream water flow conditions, and thus observe the process of water flow deposition in arid river channels under different upstream water flow conditions.

[0061] For details, please refer to Figure 1The arid river water flow deposition process simulation device 100 further includes at least one slope plate 1B, which is in contact with the side of the river simulation component 2 close to the downstream end 12, and the upper surface of the slope plate 1B is lower than the upper surface of the first simulation layer 21. It is used to simulate the change of river slope and improve the accuracy of experimental results.

[0062] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the experimental water tank 1 is enclosed by transparent glass.

[0063] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the sediment feeder 5 is a spiral sediment feeder 5 .

[0064] The present invention also provides a method for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels, which is applicable to the device for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels described above.

[0065] See also Figure 3 The method for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step S1, driving the water in the first water tank to flow into the experimental water tank through the channel of the first simulation layer until the water level of the experimental water tank is flush with the bottom wall of the channel.

[0067] Specifically, in this step, the second valve is controlled to open by the second controller, and the peristaltic pump is started to allow the water in the first water tank to flow into the channel. The water level of the experimental water tank is level with the bottom wall of the channel, simulating the initial state of a river channel in arid areas.

[0068] Step S2, driving the water in the first water tank to flow into the channel at a certain water flow rate, a part of the water flowing into the channel flows to the downstream end of the experimental water tank, and the other part infiltrates into the second simulation layer.

[0069] Specifically, in this step, the second controller controls the water pumping volume of the peristaltic pump according to the monitoring result of the flow meter, thereby controlling the water inflow of the channel, and part of the water in the channel flows to the downstream end, and the other part infiltrates into the second simulation layer, so that the amount of water flowing to the downstream end also shows a decreasing trend, thereby simulating the evaporation of water in the river channel and the infiltration of the riverbed in a drought environment. Furthermore, the first controller adjusts the switches of the multiple first valves according to the water level sensor, so that the amount of water flowing to the downstream end gradually decreases until there is no water at the downstream end, simulating the formation process of the river channel in the drought area decreasing in width and depth along the downstream.

[0070] Step S3: When the water flowing through the channel to the downstream end gradually decreases until there is no water at the downstream end, the water output of the water inlet pipe is increased and kept constant, and the evolution of the river channel and the sedimentation characteristics are observed.

[0071] In this step, by controlling the water output of the water inlet pipe, the water flow and sedimentation process of the river channel in the drought-stricken area under different upstream water inflow conditions can be simulated, so as to observe the river channel evolution and sedimentation characteristics under different upstream water flow conditions.

[0072] It should be noted that in the above steps, part of the finely crushed walnut shells in the first simulation layer will move to the downstream end under the action of water flow, as upstream sediment input, simulating the process of upstream erosion of the river channel providing sediment for downstream river channel deposition under natural conditions. Furthermore, the sediment feeder can be driven to input sediment into the channel through the water inlet, and the sediment input amount and input rate can be controlled by the sediment feeder.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels, characterized in that: The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels comprises: The experimental water tank has an upstream end and a downstream end in the length direction, and the downstream end is provided with at least one drainage outlet; A river channel simulation component is arranged in the experimental water tank, comprising a first simulation layer and a second simulation layer stacked in sequence in the up-down direction, wherein the first simulation layer is paved with finely crushed walnut shells and has a channel with an upward notch, the channel extends along the length direction of the experimental water tank, has a water inlet near the upstream end and a water outlet near the downstream end, and the second simulation layer is paved with gravel; a first water tank containing water and connected to the water inlet of the channel through a water inlet pipe, so that part of the water flowing into the channel through the water inlet flows to the downstream end, and the other part infiltrates into the second simulation layer; and The second water tank is connected to the drain outlet of the experimental water tank through a water outlet pipe, and is used for accommodating water flowing out through the drain outlet.

2. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second water tank is connected to the first water tank through a circulating water pipe.

3. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple drain outlets, and the multiple drain outlets are spaced apart along the width direction of the experimental water tank; Correspondingly, the water outlet pipes are provided in plurality, the second water tank is provided with a plurality of water inlets, and the plurality of water inlets and the plurality of drainage outlets are connected one-to-one through the plurality of water outlet pipes.

4. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The arid region river water flow sedimentation process simulation device also includes: A water level sensor, provided in the experimental water tank, for detecting the water level of the experimental water tank; A plurality of first valves are arranged corresponding to the plurality of water outlet pipes one by one; and, The first controller is electrically connected to the water level sensor and the first valve to control the switch of the first valve according to the detection result of the water level sensor.

5. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device for simulating the sedimentation process of a river channel in arid areas further comprises a sediment feeder, wherein the discharge port of the sediment feeder is arranged corresponding to the water inlet so as to input sediment into the channel through the water inlet.

6. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The arid region river water flow sedimentation process simulation device also includes: A gravel filter grid is arranged at the water inlet, extending in the up-down direction, and comprises a wire mesh and a plurality of gravels filled in the wire mesh; A funnel is inserted at the upper end of the gravel filter grid, and the water inlet pipe is inserted at the upper end of the funnel; and, A feeding pipe, one end of which is connected to the upper end of the funnel, and the other end of which is connected to the discharge port of the sediment feeder.

7. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The device for simulating the deposition process of water flow in arid river channels further comprises a stopper, the stopper abutting against a side of the river channel simulation component close to the upstream end, a supply groove being concavely provided in a portion corresponding to the channel in a direction toward the upstream end, the supply groove being in communication with the channel; The gravel filter grid is inserted into the supply tank.

8. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels further comprises a water flow control component, wherein the water flow control component comprises: A flow meter, provided in the water inlet pipe, for monitoring water flow; a peristaltic pump, disposed in the first water tank and connected to the water inlet pipe; A second valve is provided on the water inlet pipe; and The second controller is electrically connected to the flow meter, the peristaltic pump and the second valve, and is used to control the switch of the valve and control the working state of the peristaltic pump according to the monitoring result of the flow meter.

9. The device for simulating the water flow and sedimentation process in arid river channels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device for simulating the water flow and deposition process in arid river channels also includes at least one slope plate, which is abutted against one side of the river channel simulation component close to the downstream end, and the upper surface of the slope plate is lower than the upper surface of the first simulation layer.

10. A method for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels, applicable to the device for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method for simulating the water flow deposition process in arid river channels comprises the following steps: Step S1, driving the water in the first water tank to flow into the experimental water tank through the channel of the first simulation layer until the water level of the experimental water tank is flush with the bottom wall of the channel; Step S2, driving the water in the first water tank to flow into the channel at a certain water flow rate, wherein a portion of the water flowing into the channel flows to the downstream end of the experimental water tank, and the other portion infiltrates into the second simulation layer; Step S3: When the water flowing through the channel to the downstream end gradually decreases until there is no water at the downstream end, the water output of the water inlet pipe is increased and kept constant, and the evolution of the river channel and the sedimentation characteristics are observed.

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