A load control management method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of reactive power compensation for distribution networks, and provides a load control management method and system, the method comprising: processing input signals of each reactive adjustable branch of the load control management system; calculating the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch; calculating the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system; calculating active power and reactive power, and then calculating apparent power based on the active power and reactive power; predicting the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line in the load control management system based on the apparent power; calculating the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system; calculating and issuing the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch. The present invention can effectively solve the problems of reactive return, increased network loss, and voltage deviation exceeding the limit existing in traditional reactive compensation, and reduce the number of capacitor group switching times, thereby increasing the service life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reactive power compensation for distribution networks, and in particular to a load regulation and management method and system. Background Art

[0002] In the context of the rapid development of industrial modernization in my country, all kinds of enterprises generally use complete sets of capacitors for reactive power compensation to ensure that the power factor index meets the assessment requirements of the power grid company. The complete set of capacitor reactive power compensation is generally composed of series reactors, capacitors, fuses, discharge coils, grounding switches, zero-sequence voltage transformers, neutral point current transformers, etc. The reactive power output of the capacitor group is approximately a fixed value, while the power load of factories and enterprises is variable. When the load increases, it is easy to be under-compensated, resulting in problems such as the power factor exceeding the lower limit, low terminal voltage, and increased network loss; over-compensation occurs when the load is small, causing reactive power return and voltage increase, which will also increase network losses. With the continuous growth and change of the load of corporate power users, the power supply department has higher and higher requirements for power factor. Some regions have proposed power factor assessment indicators of 0.95 or even 0.98, and it is difficult to meet the requirements by using capacitor compensation alone. If dynamic reactive power compensation such as SVC and SVG is used, although it can achieve good reactive power compensation accuracy and power factor compensation effect, the equipment is expensive, occupies a large area, and has complex operation and maintenance, which is not suitable for general small and medium-sized industrial enterprises.

[0003] The invention "Reactive Power Regulation Method for New Energy System" (application publication number CN112366720A) proposes a reactive power regulation method for new energy system, which uses a voltage regulation calculation module, a PF regulation calculation module, an interval calculation module and a reactive power distribution module connected in sequence to calculate the reactive output power of all inverters or wind turbines in sequence, and send it to the inverter or wind turbine for output. This invention makes full use of the reactive output capacity of photovoltaic inverters or wind turbines for reactive power regulation, saves the cost of SVG, and combines the fast output response characteristics of inverters and wind turbines to achieve a primary voltage regulation of the system and compensate the power grid system. This method controls the target quantities of voltage U and power factor PF, and can calculate the most reasonable control area, regulate the voltage and power factor within a reasonable range at the same time, reduce the pressure of power grid regulation, improve the stability of the power system, and maximize the benefits of the new energy system. However, this invention only considers the reactive power compensation demand of the transmission line, and is not suitable for enterprise distribution scenarios where only some branches can participate in reactive power regulation.

[0004] The invention "A method for improving the AVC reactive power distribution strategy of the unit" (application publication number CN106992528A) comprises the following steps: (i) the difference between the set value and the actual value of the bus voltage is used to calculate the reactive power command value of the power plant under the set value of the bus voltage through an incremental PID; (ii) the reactive power command value of the power plant passes through the unit reactive power distribution module to calculate the reactive power command value of the AVC grouped units, and the reactive power command value passes through the AVR closed loop to generate the reactive power required by the unit; (iii) when the unit is reactively distributed, the operator clicks on the manual mode or the automatic mode to introduce the reactive bias module to adjust the reactive command. The present invention adds a reactive bias module when distributing the unit AVC reactive power. On the one hand, it provides a more autonomous reactive power distribution method for the power plant unit operators; on the other hand, it can improve the reactive balance relationship between units, avoid the reactive lockout of single-machine AVC, improve the AVC regulation rate of the whole plant, and ensure the qualified rate of the bus voltage regulation of the power plant. However, the invention sets the reactive capacity according to the voltage regulation, and the application scenario is applicable to power plants. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one technical problem in the background technology and to provide a load regulation management method and system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a load regulation management method, comprising:

[0007] Process the input signals of each reactive adjustable branch of the load control management system;

[0008] Calculate the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content;

[0009] Calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch;

[0010] Calculate active power and reactive power based on the voltage and current data at the sampling point of the load control management system, and then calculate apparent power based on the active power and reactive power;

[0011] Predict the reactive power of transformers and power supply lines in the load control and management system based on apparent power;

[0012] Calculate the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system according to the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line;

[0013] The reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated and issued according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the processing of reactive power adjustable branch input signals of the load control management system includes:

[0015] Collect the state sampling signals of each reactive adjustable branch, including: switch state information S i1 , the current running active power value P i ;

[0016] Collect the parameter input content of each reactive adjustable branch, including: function switching status information S i2 、The maximum reactive power of this branch Q maxi , Rated apparent power of this branch S Ni , the step reactive power response time of this branch T i ;

[0017] The switch status information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 Perform logical AND processing, when the switch status information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 When both are 1, the current reactive adjustable branch function input signal S i =1, otherwise the reactive adjustable branch function input signal S i =0.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated based on the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content:

[0019] The current running active power value P i And the maximum reactive power of this branch Q maxi , Rated apparent power of this branch S Ni The three data are calculated according to the following formula to obtain the maximum allowable output reactive power Q of the reactive adjustable branch: i :

[0020] .

[0021] According to one aspect of the present invention, the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system is calculated based on the input signals of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch:

[0022] According to the function input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power Q of each reactive adjustable branch i , calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity Q of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the following formula 总 :

[0023] ;

[0024] Among them, S i It is the reactive power adjustable branch function input signal, i=1, 2, 3···n.

[0025] According to one aspect of the present invention, the active power and reactive power are calculated according to the voltage and current data of the sampling point of the load control management system, and then the apparent power is calculated according to the active power and the reactive power, including:

[0026] The three-phase voltage at the sampling point is U a , U b , U c , the three-phase current at the sampling point is I a ,I b ,I c , calculate the active power P according to the following formula CY , reactive power Q CY , apparent power S CY :

[0027] .

[0028] According to one aspect of the present invention, the method for predicting the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line in the load regulation and management system according to the apparent power includes:

[0029] Collect transformer parameters, including: Transformer impedance percentage U k %, no-load current percentage I0%, transformer rated capacity S NT , Rated voltage of transformer high voltage side winding U 1N and transformer low voltage winding rated voltage U 2N , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the transformer reactive power Q as follows T :

[0030] ;

[0031] Collect power supply line parameters, including: line length L, line unit length reactance x i and line susceptance per unit length b i , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the line reactive power Q according to the following formula L :

[0032] .

[0033] According to one aspect of the present invention, the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system is calculated based on the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line:

[0034] The reactive power Q of the transformer T and the reactive power Q of the power supply line L After summing, take the inverse and get the reactive power Q at the sampling point CY The difference is calculated and the difference enters the proportional integral link. The output value is used as the total reactive power target value Q ref-总 .

[0035] According to one aspect of the present invention, calculating and setting a proportional-integral link integral coefficient and a proportional-integral link proportional coefficient comprises:

[0036] The time constant of the control loop is T k , then the proportional integral factor K i Calculate as follows:

[0037] ;

[0038] The time constant of reactive adjustable load is Ti (i=1,2.....n), then the proportional coefficient of proportional integral link is K p Calculate as follows:

[0039] .

[0040] According to one aspect of the present invention, the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated and issued based on the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch:

[0041] Calculate the reactive power target value Q of each reactive adjustable branch according to the following formula: ref-1 ~Q ref-n And send reactive power commands to each reactive power adjustable branch to perform reactive power control:

[0042] ;

[0043] Total reactive power target value Q ref-总 Set the limit link, the upper limit is +Q 总 , the lower limit is -Q 总 , when Q ref-总 Value greater than +Q 总 When ref-总 =+Q 总 ; When Q ref-总 Value less than -Q 总 When ref-总 =-Q总 .

[0044] Furthermore, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a load control management system, comprising:

[0045] The branch input signal processing module processes the reactive power adjustable branch input signals of the load control management system;

[0046] The maximum allowable output reactive power calculation module calculates the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content;

[0047] A module for calculating the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads is connected to calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch;

[0048] The apparent power calculation module calculates the active power and reactive power based on the voltage and current data of the sampling point of the load control management system, and then calculates the apparent power based on the active power and reactive power;

[0049] Transformer and line reactive power calculation module, which predicts the reactive power of transformers and power supply lines in the load control management system based on apparent power;

[0050] The sampling point target total reactive power calculation module calculates the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system according to the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line;

[0051] The reactive power target value calculation module calculates and issues the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch.

[0052] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program implements the load regulation management method as described above when executed by the processor.

[0053] Furthermore, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the load regulation management method as described above is implemented.

[0054] According to the solution of the present invention, the present invention does not need to increase the primary electrical equipment of the power supply enterprise, does not need to add new intervals and land, and only needs to add a control system and a communication interface to achieve the ideal reactive power optimization purpose, ensure that the power factor reaches above 0.98, and the power factor indicators are qualified under various load levels, avoiding reactive power fines.

[0055] The present invention makes full use of the reactive power compensation capability of existing equipment, avoids waste of equipment resources, and improves the economic index of enterprise operation.

[0056] The present invention can realize the dynamic reactive power compensation function, effectively solve the common problems of reactive power return, increased network loss and voltage deviation exceeding the limit in fixed reactive power compensation, avoid the installation of SVC and SVG devices with high cost, large floor space and complex operation and maintenance, and save the enterprise's investment in large-capacity equipment.

[0057] The present invention proposes a method that can reduce the switching and operation of capacitor banks, eliminate the impact surge current and resonant overvoltage problems of capacitor devices, avoid capacitor overvoltage, overcurrent, overheating and severe discharge, reduce the possibility of frequent internal component damage and fuse breakage in capacitor banks, reduce equipment failure rate, and extend the service life of capacitor banks.

[0058] The present invention can take into account the improvement of power quality indicators. After reactive power optimization, power quality indicators such as voltage fluctuation, flicker, and supply voltage deviation can be improved to varying degrees.

[0059] The present invention is applicable to various types of loads, whether stable or fluctuating loads, and can ensure that the power factor index is qualified, thereby improving the economic index and power quality level of the enterprise power supply system.

[0060] The present invention can take into account the operating status of each reactive power regulation branch, dynamically adjust its reactive power target value according to the current operating level, and avoid overload of any branch connected to the system by limiting the maximum reactive output capacity of each branch and reasonably allocating the reactive power of each branch.

[0061] The present invention adopts a closed-loop, real-time, dynamic control mode. Each algorithm cycle will update the maximum allowable value of reactive power of each branch, the allowable value of total reactive power output of each branch, and the K value of the proportional integral link. p and K i As well as the limit value of the reactive power compensation target, when the system operation mode and load level change, the ideal compensation effect can be achieved.

[0062] The present invention fully considers various loads and grid operation levels. When the operating status of a branch changes or exits, the remaining branches can continue to operate and reallocate indicators. After a branch is added, the system automatically allocates reactive power to it, and it is completely completed automatically by the system without the need for human intervention.

[0063] The present invention calculates the reactive power of the transformer and the line between the sampling point and the metering point by a predictive calculation method, and takes the inverse of the sum as the reactive power target value of the sampling point. The algorithm can realize comprehensive reactive compensation, avoid the problem that the sampling point index is qualified and the power factor index of the metering point cannot be taken into account, and is particularly suitable for the scene where the sampling point and the metering point are set separately and the physical distance is far. The algorithm of the present invention is flexible in setting, and can adapt to different scenes of sampling points and metering points without transformers and lines, or with transformers and lines, or without transformers and lines by manually changing the parameter setting.

[0064] According to the solution of the present invention, the present invention incorporates reactive adjustable branches such as frequency converters, charging piles, and distributed photovoltaics into the enterprise load management system, and adopts coordinated, unified control and prediction algorithms to effectively solve the problems of reactive return, increased network loss, and voltage deviation exceeding the limit in traditional reactive compensation, and reduce the number of capacitor bank switching times and increase the service life of the equipment. The implementation of this technology will help improve the stability and economy of the power supply system, reduce the operating costs of enterprises, and meet the national policy requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 A flow chart schematically showing a load regulation management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 A block diagram schematically showing a composition of a load regulation and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 A flowchart schematically showing a method for calculating the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 A flowchart schematically showing a method of calculating the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to a load regulation and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 A flowchart schematically showing a method of calculating active power, reactive power and apparent power according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 6 A flowchart schematically showing reactive power of transformer and reactive power of power supply line in a predictive load regulation and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 7 A flowchart schematically showing a method for calculating a target total reactive power of a sampling point in a load regulation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 8 A flowchart schematically showing a method of calculating and setting a proportional-integral link integral coefficient and a proportional-integral link proportional coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Fig. 9 A flowchart schematically showing a process of calculating and issuing reactive power target values ​​of each reactive adjustable branch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Fig.10 A block diagram schematically showing a power distribution system of Embodiment 1;

[0075] Fig.11 A flowchart schematically showing the total reactive power target value calculation process of Embodiment 1;

[0076] Fig.12 The system data diagram after reactive power optimization of Example 1 is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The present invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments discussed are only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present invention, rather than implying any limitation on the scope of the present invention.

[0078] As used herein, the term “including” and variations thereof are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning “including, but not limited to.” The term “based on” is to be interpreted as “based, at least in part, on.” The terms “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be interpreted as “at least one embodiment.”

[0079] Figure 1 A flow chart schematically shows a load regulation management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a load regulation management method includes:

[0080] Process the input signals of each reactive adjustable branch of the load control management system;

[0081] Calculate the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content;

[0082] Calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch;

[0083] Calculate active power and reactive power based on the voltage and current data at the sampling point of the load control management system, and then calculate apparent power based on the active power and reactive power;

[0084] Predict the reactive power of transformers and power supply lines in the load control and management system based on apparent power;

[0085] Calculate the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system according to the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line;

[0086] The reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated and issued according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch.

[0087] In this embodiment, the present invention divides the load into two categories, namely, reactive non-adjustable load and reactive adjustable load, from the perspective of whether the reactive power is controlled. Reactive non-adjustable loads include common lighting, heating, air conditioning, asynchronous motors, etc., whose reactive power varies with operating conditions such as port voltage and load rate, and is not controlled. Reactive adjustable loads include specific types of inverters, charging piles, etc. Although industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaics belong to "power sources", their reactive output is adjustable, so they are included in reactive adjustable loads for management. There are two common technical features of reactive adjustable loads. One is the decoupling control of the active power and reactive power of the equipment, and the change of reactive power does not affect the active output. The other is that the reactive power can be continuously adjusted and output in both directions, which can output both capacitive and inductive power.

[0088] The grid-side converter topology of the inverter, charging pile, and photovoltaic inverter is basically the same. They are all voltage source converters based on PWM modulation and vector control technology. The active current command and reactive current command of each converter have independent control channels. Therefore, the reactive current can be adjusted independently. At present, in various application scenarios, whether it is a distributed power source or an inverter, the reactive current command of the grid-side converter is mostly set to 0, that is, the device and the power grid do not generate reactive exchange.

[0089] Therefore, there are a large number of reactive adjustable loads in factory and enterprise loads, and the reactive output capacity of each branch is largely "idle". Reasonable use of the reactive adjustment capacity of the above loads, combined with the existing reactive compensation capacitor group, can achieve reactive optimization, improve power factor, and reduce network loss. Therefore, the factory loads are first classified, and reactive adjustable branches such as frequency converters, charging piles, and distributed photovoltaics are extracted. After load classification, the reactive adjustable load branch information is connected to the load control management system, and its reactive power is controlled by the load control management system of the present invention.

[0090] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the external input signals of the load control management system include: branch 1 switch state signal S 11 , current active power operation data P1 of branch 1, switch status signal S of branch 221 , branch 2 current active power operation data P2, ........ branch n switch state signal Sn1, branch n current active power operation data P n ; Sampling point A phase voltage U a , sampling point B phase voltage U b , sampling point C phase voltage U c , sampling point A phase current I a , sampling point B phase current I b , sampling point C phase current I c .

[0091] The load control management system outputs the following signals: Branch 1 reactive power target value Q ref-1 , branch 2 reactive power target value Q ref-2 , ........ reactive power target value Q of branch n ref-n .

[0092] The internal parameters (fixed values) of the load control management system include: Branch 1 function start / stop status signal S 12 , Branch 1 reactive power upper limit value Q max1 , Rated apparent power of branch 1 S N1 , branch 1 response time constant T1, branch 2 function on / off status signal S 22 , branch 2 reactive power upper limit value Q max2 , Rated apparent power of branch 2 S N2 , branch 2 response time constant T2, ........ branch n function on / off status signal S n2 , branch n reactive power upper limit value Q maxn , Rated apparent power of branch 2 S Nn , branch n response time constant T n ; Transformer related parameters (if there is no transformer between the sampling point and the metering point, no related parameters need to be entered), including transformer impedance percentage U k %, no-load current percentage I0%, transformer rated capacity S N , Rated voltage of transformer high voltage side winding U 1N , Rated voltage of transformer low voltage winding U 2N ; Power supply line related parameters (if there is no line from the sampling point to the metering point, no relevant parameters need to be entered), including line length L, line unit length reactance x i 、Line susceptance per unit length b i .

[0093] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, processing the reactive power adjustable branch input signal of the load control management system includes:

[0094] Collect the state sampling signals of each reactive adjustable branch, including: switch state information S i1 , the current running active power value P i ;

[0095] Collect the parameter input content of each reactive adjustable branch, including: function switching status information S i2 、The maximum reactive power of this branch Q maxi , Rated apparent power of this branch S Ni , the step reactive power response time of this branch T i ;

[0096] The switch status information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 Perform logical AND processing, when the switch status information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 When both are 1, the current reactive adjustable branch function input signal S i =1, otherwise the reactive adjustable branch function input signal S i =0.

[0097] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated based on the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content:

[0098] The current running active power value P i And the maximum reactive power of this branch Q maxi , Rated apparent power of this branch S Ni The three data are calculated according to the following formula to obtain the maximum allowable output reactive power Q of the reactive adjustable branch: i :

[0099] .

[0100] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system is calculated based on the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch:

[0101] According to the function input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power Q of each reactive adjustable branch i , calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity Q of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the following formula 总 :

[0102] ;

[0103] Among them, S i It is the reactive power adjustable branch function input signal, i=1, 2, 3···n.

[0104] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the active power and reactive power are calculated according to the voltage and current data of the sampling point of the load control management system, and then the apparent power is calculated according to the active power and reactive power, including:

[0105] The three-phase voltage at the sampling point is U a , U b , U c , the three-phase current at the sampling point is I a ,I b ,I c , calculate the active power P according to the following formula CY , reactive power Q CY , apparent power S CY :

[0106] .

[0107] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line in the load control management system are predicted based on the apparent power, including:

[0108] Collect transformer parameters, including: Transformer impedance percentage U k %, no-load current percentage I0%, transformer rated capacity S NT , Rated voltage of transformer high voltage side winding U 1N and transformer low voltage winding rated voltage U 2N , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the transformer reactive power Q as follows T :

[0109] ;

[0110] Where: U rms is the effective value of the AB line voltage at the sampling point, kV; S CY is the apparent power at the sampling point, kVA; I0% is the no-load current percentage, %; U k % is the short-circuit impedance percentage, %; S NT is the rated capacity of the transformer, kVA; U 1N is the rated voltage of the transformer high-voltage winding, kV; U 2N is the rated voltage of the transformer low-voltage side winding, kV.

[0111] Collect power supply line parameters, including: line length L, line unit length reactance x i and line susceptance per unit length b i , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the line reactive power Q according to the following formula L :

[0112] ;

[0113] Where: U rms is the effective value of the AB line voltage at the sampling point, kV; S CY is the apparent power at the sampling point, kVA; L i is the line length, kM; x i is the line reactance per unit length, Ω / kM; b i is the line susceptance per unit length, uS / kM; U 1N is the rated voltage of the transformer high-voltage winding, kV; U 2N is the rated voltage of the transformer low-voltage side winding, kV.

[0114] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system is calculated based on the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line:

[0115] The reactive power Q of the transformer T and the reactive power Q of the power supply line L After summing, take the inverse and get the reactive power Q at the sampling point CY The difference is calculated and the difference enters the proportional integral link. The output value is used as the total reactive power target value Q ref-总 .

[0116] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, the integral coefficient of the proportional-integral link and the proportional coefficient of the proportional-integral link are calculated and set, including:

[0117] The time constant of the control loop is T k , then the proportional integral factor K i Calculate as follows:

[0118] ;

[0119] The time constant of reactive adjustable load is Ti (i=1,2.....n), then the proportional coefficient of proportional integral link is K p Calculate as follows:

[0120] .

[0121] Further, according to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 9 As shown, according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch, the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated and issued as follows:

[0122] Calculate the reactive power target value Q of each reactive adjustable branch according to the following formula: ref-1 ~Q ref-n And send reactive power commands to each reactive power adjustable branch to perform reactive power control:

[0123] ;

[0124] Total reactive power target value Q ref-总 Set the limit link, the upper limit is +Q 总 , the lower limit is -Q 总 , when Q ref-总 Value greater than +Q 总 When ref-总 =+Q 总 ; When Q ref-总 Value less than -Q 总 When ref-总 =-Q 总 .

[0125] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after the above-mentioned calculation and issuance of the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch based on the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch is completed, the process returns to the first step (i.e., processing the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch of the load control management system) and runs in a loop.

[0126] According to the above scheme of the present invention, the present invention does not need to increase the primary electrical equipment of the power supply enterprise, does not need to add new intervals and land, and only needs to add a control system and a communication interface to achieve the ideal reactive power optimization purpose, ensure that the power factor reaches above 0.98, and the power factor indicators are qualified under various load levels, avoiding reactive power fines.

[0127] The present invention makes full use of the reactive power compensation capability of existing equipment, avoids waste of equipment resources, and improves the economic index of enterprise operation.

[0128] The present invention can realize the dynamic reactive power compensation function, effectively solve the common problems of reactive power return, increased network loss and voltage deviation exceeding the limit in fixed reactive power compensation, avoid the installation of SVC and SVG devices with high cost, large floor space and complex operation and maintenance, and save the enterprise's investment in large-capacity equipment.

[0129] The present invention proposes a method that can reduce the switching and operation of capacitor banks, eliminate the impact surge current and resonant overvoltage problems of capacitor devices, avoid capacitor overvoltage, overcurrent, overheating and severe discharge, reduce the possibility of frequent internal component damage and fuse breakage in capacitor banks, reduce equipment failure rate, and extend the service life of capacitor banks.

[0130] The present invention can take into account the improvement of power quality indicators. After reactive power optimization, power quality indicators such as voltage fluctuation, flicker, and supply voltage deviation can be improved to varying degrees.

[0131] The present invention is applicable to various types of loads, whether stable or fluctuating loads, and can ensure that the power factor index is qualified, thereby improving the economic index and power quality level of the enterprise power supply system.

[0132] The present invention can take into account the operating status of each reactive power regulation branch, dynamically adjust its reactive power target value according to the current operating level, and avoid overload of any branch connected to the system by limiting the maximum reactive output capacity of each branch and reasonably allocating the reactive power of each branch.

[0133] The present invention adopts a closed-loop, real-time, dynamic control mode. Each algorithm cycle will update the maximum allowable value of reactive power of each branch, the allowable value of total reactive power output of each branch, and the K value of the proportional integral link. p and K i As well as the limit value of the reactive power compensation target, when the system operation mode and load level change, the ideal compensation effect can be achieved.

[0134] The present invention fully considers various loads and grid operation levels. When the operating status of a branch changes or exits, the remaining branches can continue to operate and reallocate indicators. After a branch is added, the system automatically allocates reactive power to it, and it is completely completed automatically by the system without the need for human intervention.

[0135] The present invention calculates the reactive power of the transformer and the line between the sampling point and the metering point by a predictive calculation method, and takes the inverse of the sum as the reactive power target value of the sampling point. The algorithm can realize comprehensive reactive compensation, avoid the problem that the sampling point index is qualified and the power factor index of the metering point cannot be taken into account, and is particularly suitable for the scene where the sampling point and the metering point are set separately and the physical distance is far. The algorithm of the present invention is flexible in setting, and can adapt to different scenes of sampling points and metering points without transformers and lines, or with transformers and lines, or without transformers and lines by manually changing the parameter setting.

[0136] Furthermore, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a load control management system, comprising:

[0137] The branch input signal processing module processes the reactive power adjustable branch input signals of the load control management system;

[0138] The maximum allowable output reactive power calculation module calculates the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content;

[0139] A module for calculating the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads is connected to calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch;

[0140] The apparent power calculation module calculates the active power and reactive power based on the voltage and current data of the sampling point of the load control management system, and then calculates the apparent power based on the active power and reactive power;

[0141] Transformer and line reactive power calculation module, which predicts the reactive power of transformers and power supply lines in the load control management system based on apparent power;

[0142] The sampling point target total reactive power calculation module calculates the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system according to the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line;

[0143] The reactive power target value calculation module calculates and issues the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch.

[0144] The load regulation and management system according to the present invention can implement the load regulation and management method. The specific method steps are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0145] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program implements the load regulation management method as described above when executed by the processor.

[0146] Furthermore, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the load regulation management method as described above is implemented.

[0147] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiment described herein is only an optimal embodiment of the present invention and is only used to explain the present invention, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0148] Example 1

[0149] A company's power distribution system Fig.10 As shown, the power supply line is 10kV, the high-voltage line length is 5kM, the line model is LGJ-120, and the power supply to the factory load is supplied by a 10 / 0.4kV transformer. The power load includes two branches of reactive non-adjustable loads and reactive adjustable loads (1 inverter, 1 charging pile, and 1 distributed photovoltaic group). Two sets of reactive compensation capacitor groups (FC1 and FC2) are configured on the 400V bus.

[0150] Line parameters: length L is 5 km, line reactance per unit length x i is 0.4Ω / kM, and the line unit length susceptance bi is 3.0uS / kM;

[0151] Transformer parameters: Transformer impedance percentage U k =8%, no-load current percentage I0=0.5%, transformer rated capacity S N =3150kVA, rated voltage of transformer high voltage winding U 1N =10kV, rated voltage of transformer low voltage winding U 2N =0.4kV;

[0152] Reactive non-adjustable load 1: active power 800kW, reactive power 600kvar, apparent power 1000kVA, power factor 0.8;

[0153] Reactive non-adjustable load 2: active power 1600kW, reactive power 1200kvar, apparent power 2000kVA, power factor 0.8;

[0154] Capacitor reactive power compensation device FC1: rated capacity 400kvar, series resistance 12%, rated voltage 400V

[0155] Capacitor complete reactive power compensation device FC2: rated capacity 400kvar, series resistance 12%, rated voltage 400V

[0156] Frequency converter (reactive power adjustable branch 1): rated apparent power 600kVA, current branch operating active power 300kW, reactive power 0kvar, the maximum allowable reactive power of the device is 500kvar;

[0157] Electric vehicle charging pile (reactive power adjustable branch 2): rated apparent power 500kVA, current branch operating active power 250kW, reactive power 0kvar, the maximum allowable reactive power of the device is 450kvar;

[0158] Distributed photovoltaic (reactive adjustable branch 3): rated apparent power 600kVA, current branch operating active power -300kW, reactive power 0kvar, the maximum allowable reactive power of the equipment is 500kvar.

[0159] Before reactive power optimization, when all branches of the distribution system were operating at the same time, the active power on the low-voltage side of the transformer was 2650kW, the reactive power was 1000kvar, and the power factor was 0.94; the reactive power loss of the transformer itself was 222kVA, the reactive power loss of the high-voltage power supply line was 162kvar, the active power at the metering point was 2650kW, the reactive power was 1383kvar, and the power factor was 0.89.

[0160] According to Article 10.3.1 of the national standard GB / T 43025-2023 "Technical Guidelines for Power Supply Schemes for User Access to the Grid", the power factor of power users with high-voltage power supply of 100kVA and above should not be lower than 0.95 during peak load periods. According to the national standard, the power factor of this distribution system does not meet the requirements.

[0161] The process and results of reactive power optimization using the load control management method of the present invention:

[0162] Process the input signals of each reactive adjustable branch and calculate the maximum allowable output reactive power:

[0163] The frequency converter is defined as reactive power adjustable branch 1, the charging pile is defined as reactive power adjustable branch 2, and the distributed photovoltaic inverter is defined as reactive power adjustable branch 3.

[0164] The state sampling signals of reactive adjustable branch i (i=1,2,3) include: switch state information S 11 =1, S 21 =1, S 31 =1, the current running active power values ​​are P1=300 (kW), P2=250 (kW), P3=-300 (kW).

[0165] The parameter input content of reactive power adjustable branch i (i=1,2,3) includes: function switching status information S 12 =1, S 22=1, S 32 =1, the maximum reactive power of this branch is Q max1 =500 (kvar), Q max2 =450 (kvar), Q max3 =500 (kvar), the rated apparent power of this branch is S N1 =600 (kVA), S N2 =500 (kVA), S N3 =600 (kVA), the step reactive power response time of this branch is T1=0.02 (s), T2=0.04 (s), T3=0.05 (s).

[0166] The state sampling signal switch state information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 After logical AND processing, the result is the branch function input signal S1=1, S2=1, S3=1.

[0167] The calculation results of the maximum allowable output reactive power Q1, Q2, Q3 of reactive adjustable branch i (i=1,2,3) are as follows:

[0168] ;

[0169] Calculation of the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads of this enterprise:

[0170] According to the function of each branch (reactive adjustable branch), the signal S is put into operation i And the maximum allowable reactive output capacity Q of each branch i , calculate the total maximum allowable reactive output capacity Q of all branches connected to this system according to the following formula: 总 .

[0171] ;

[0172] Calculate the power data based on the voltage and current data at the sampling point:

[0173] The three-phase voltage at the sampling point is U a , U b , U c , the three-phase current at the sampling point is I a ,I b ,I c , calculate the active power P according to the following formula CY =2650kW, reactive power Q CY =1001kW, apparent power S CY =2833kVA.

[0174] The effective voltage value Urms=399V is calculated based on the AB line voltage.

[0175] Predict reactive power data for transformers and power lines:

[0176] Predict the transformer reactive power Q as follows T :

[0177] ;

[0178] Predict the reactive power Q of the power supply line according to the following formula L :

[0179] .

[0180] Calculate the target total reactive power Q at the sampling point ref-总 :

[0181] Transformer predicted reactive power Q T =220kvar and line predicted reactive power Q L =160kvar, sum and invert, and get the reactive power Q at the sampling point CY The difference is calculated and the difference enters the proportional integral link. The output value is used as the total reactive power target value Q ref-总 , after the proportional integral link adjustment, the final Q CY =-380kvar, total reactive power target value Q ref-总 =1380kvar.

[0182] Set the parameter K of the proportional integral link p and K i :

[0183] The time constant of the control loop is set to 0.1s, then the integral coefficient K of the proportional integral link i =1 / 0.1=10

[0184] The time constant of reactive adjustable load is Ti (i=1,2,3), then the proportional integral coefficient K p Calculate as follows:

[0185] ;

[0186] The calculated PI parameters are shown in the attached Fig.11 shown.

[0187] Calculate and issue reactive power target values ​​for each branch:

[0188] After calculating the reactive power target value Q of each branch ref-1 ~Q ref-n , the results are as follows:

[0189] ;

[0190] The total maximum allowable reactive output capacity Q of all branches connected to this system 总 is 1433kvar, and the total reactive power target value Q ref-总 Set the limit link, the upper limit is +Q 总= 1433kvar, the lower limit is -Q 总 = -1433 kvar, because Q ref-总 Values ​​below +Q 总 Therefore, it does not enter the limiting stage.

[0191] After the reactive power optimization is performed by the present invention, according to the preliminary calculation results, when all branches of this embodiment are running simultaneously, the active power on the low-voltage side of the transformer is 2650kW, the reactive power is -492kvar, and the power factor is 0.98; the reactive loss of the transformer itself is 180kVA, the reactive loss of the high-voltage power supply line is 126kvar, the active power at the metering point is 2650kW, the reactive power is -185kvar, and the power factor is approximately 1.00.

[0192] After reactive power optimization, the bus voltage increases, resulting in an increase in capacitor capacity, a decrease in transformer reactive power, and changes in reactive power at the sampling point and metering point. The present invention adopts closed-loop proportional integral control and cyclic calculation. After multiple calculations, the reactive power at the metering point is finally made 0, achieving the most ideal compensation state. Fig.12 shown.

[0193] After the adjustment is made using the present invention, the active power at the metering point is 2650kW, the reactive power is 0kvar, and the power factor reaches 1.00, meeting the limit requirement of 0.95 specified in the national standard GB / T 43025-2023 "Technical Guidelines for User Access to the Grid Power Supply Scheme".

[0194] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0195] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices and equipment can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method implementation methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0196] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0197] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0198] In addition, each functional module in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0199] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the energy-saving signal sending / receiving method of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0200] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application (but not limited to) by each other.

[0201] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of each step in the content of the invention and the implementation methods of the present invention does not absolutely mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the implementation methods of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load regulation management method, characterized in that: include: Process the input signals of each reactive adjustable branch of the load control management system; Calculate the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content; Calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch; Calculate active power and reactive power based on the voltage and current data at the sampling point of the load control management system, and then calculate apparent power based on the active power and reactive power; Predict the reactive power of transformers and power supply lines in the load control and management system based on apparent power; Calculate the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system according to the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line; Calculate and issue reactive power target values ​​for each reactive adjustable branch based on target total reactive power, input signals of each reactive adjustable branch, and maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch; The method for predicting the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line in the load control and management system according to the apparent power includes: Collect transformer parameters, including: Transformer impedance percentage U k %, no-load current percentage I0%, transformer rated capacity S NT , Rated voltage of transformer high voltage side winding U 1N and transformer low voltage winding rated voltage U 2N , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the transformer reactive power Q as follows T : ； Collect power supply line parameters, including: line length L, line unit length reactance x i and line susceptance per unit length b i , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the line reactive power Q according to the following formula L : 。 2. The load regulation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing of the reactive power adjustable branch input signals of the load control management system includes: Collect the state sampling signals of each reactive adjustable branch, including: switch state information S i1 , the current running active power value P i ; Collect the parameter input content of each reactive adjustable branch, including: function switching status information S i2 、The maximum reactive power of this branch Q maxi , Rated apparent power of this branch S Ni , the step reactive power response time of this branch T i ; The switch status information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 Perform logical AND processing, when the switch status information S i1 and function activation and deactivation status information S i2 When both are 1, the current reactive adjustable branch function input signal S i =1, otherwise the reactive adjustable branch function input signal S i =0.

3. The load regulation management method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated based on the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content: The current running active power value P i And the maximum reactive power Q of this branch maxi , Rated apparent power of this branch S Ni The three data are calculated according to the following formula to obtain the maximum allowable output reactive power Q of the reactive adjustable branch: i : 。 4. The load regulation management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system is calculated based on the input signals of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch: According to the function input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power Q of each reactive adjustable branch i , calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity Q of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the following formula 总 : ； Among them, S i It is the reactive power adjustable branch function input signal, i=1, 2, 3···n.

5. The load regulation management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The active power and reactive power are calculated according to the voltage and current data of the sampling point of the load control management system, and then the apparent power is calculated according to the active power and the reactive power, including: The three-phase voltage at the sampling point is U a , U b , U c , the three-phase current at the sampling point is I a ,I b ,I c , calculate the active power P according to the following formula CY , reactive power Q CY , apparent power S CY : 。 6. The load regulation management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system is calculated based on the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line: The reactive power Q of the transformer T and the reactive power Q of the power supply line L After summing, take the inverse and get the reactive power Q at the sampling point CY The difference is calculated and the difference enters the proportional integral link. The output value is used as the total reactive power target value Q ref-总 .

7. The load regulation management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate and set the proportional-integral link integral coefficient and the proportional-integral link proportional coefficient, including: The time constant of the control loop is T k , then the proportional integral factor K i Calculate as follows: ； The time constant of reactive adjustable load is T i (i=1,2.....n), then the proportional coefficient K of the proportional integral link p Calculate as follows: 。 8. The load regulation management method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch is calculated and issued according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch: Calculate the reactive power target value Q of each reactive adjustable branch according to the following formula: ref-1 ~Q ref-n And send reactive power commands to each reactive power adjustable branch to perform reactive power control: ； Total reactive power target value Q ref-总 Set the limit link, the upper limit is +Q 总 , the lower limit is -Q 总 , when Q ref-总 Value greater than +Q 总 When ref-总 =+Q 总 ; When Q ref-总 Value less than -Q 总 When ref-总 =-Q 总 .

9. A load regulation and management system, characterized in that: include: The branch input signal processing module processes the reactive power adjustable branch input signals of the load control management system; The maximum allowable output reactive power calculation module calculates the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch according to the state sampling signal of the reactive adjustable branch and the parameter input content; A module for calculating the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads is connected to calculate the maximum allowable reactive output capacity of all loads connected to the load control management system according to the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch; The apparent power calculation module calculates the active power and reactive power based on the voltage and current data of the sampling point of the load control management system, and then calculates the apparent power based on the active power and reactive power; Transformer and line reactive power calculation module, which predicts the reactive power of transformers and power supply lines in the load control management system based on apparent power; The sampling point target total reactive power calculation module calculates the target total reactive power of the sampling point in the load control management system according to the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line; The reactive power target value calculation module calculates and issues the reactive power target value of each reactive adjustable branch according to the target total reactive power, the input signal of each reactive adjustable branch, and the maximum allowable output reactive power of each reactive adjustable branch; The method for predicting the reactive power of the transformer and the reactive power of the power supply line in the load control and management system according to the apparent power includes: Collect transformer parameters, including: Transformer impedance percentage U k %, no-load current percentage I0%, transformer rated capacity S NT , Rated voltage of transformer high voltage side winding U 1N and transformer low voltage winding rated voltage U 2N , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the transformer reactive power Q as follows T : ； Collect power supply line parameters, including: line length L, line unit length reactance x i and line susceptance per unit length b i , combined with the effective value of the sampling point voltage U rms , Sampling point apparent power S CY , calculate the line reactive power Q according to the following formula L : 。 10. An electronic device, characterized in that The method comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the load regulation and management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the load regulation and management method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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