Underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering and use method

Abstract

The invention provides underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of road and bridge detection. Comprising a diving seat and a moving mechanism, a detection mechanism used for adjustment and detection is arranged in the middle of the lower portion of the diving seat, and the moving mechanism used for flexible displacement is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the diving seat. According to the invention, through cooperation of all parts of the moving mechanism, range movement detection can be carried out, and the rotation angle of the device during movement can be more flexible and accurate, so that when the device carries out detection in a complex underwater environment, the moving direction can be rapidly, stably and accurately adjusted, and the detection accuracy is improved. Therefore, the device can carry out rapid action detection on the part of the component, the maneuvering time of underwater range activity of the device is reduced, the working time is greatly shortened, and the detection effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of road and bridge detection, and in particular to underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering and a method for using the equipment. Background Art

[0002] Due to the scattered locations of bridges, different technical standards used in their construction, and differences in bridge structural forms, there are great differences in the operating conditions of bridges in the road network. According to the inspection results of some bridges in recent years, some bridges have different degrees of defects, mainly manifested in: irregular cracks in the structure, concrete peeling and exposed reinforcement, water erosion of beams and pier cap beams, etc. These factors have seriously affected the safety and durability of the bridges, so corresponding underwater component inspection equipment is needed for auxiliary inspection.

[0003] However, the existing underwater component inspection equipment for roads and bridges still has the problem that, when the device is inspected in a complex underwater environment, it cannot move quickly, stably and accurately to enable the device to inspect the location of the component, which will cause the device to be adjusted in the water for a long time, thereby prolonging the working time and reducing the inspection effect. Therefore, the present application provides underwater component inspection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering and a method for use to meet the needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering and a method for use so as to solve the problem that the existing underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges cannot move quickly, stably and accurately when performing detection in a complex underwater environment to enable the device to detect the location of the component, which will cause the device to be adjusted in the water for a long time, thereby prolonging the working time and reducing the detection effect.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The underwater component detection equipment and use method of road bridges for civil engineering include a submersible seat and a moving mechanism, a detection mechanism for adjustment detection is arranged in the lower middle part of the submersible seat, and the moving mechanism for flexible displacement is arranged in the inner middle part of the submersible seat, and the moving mechanism includes a mounting frame, a double-headed push cylinder, a rack plate, a matching gear, a power motor, a propeller, a gear seat, a power gear and an elastic seal, a double-headed push cylinder is installed in the middle part of the mounting frame, and a rack plate is installed at the output end of the double-headed push cylinder, one side of the rack plate is meshed with a matching gear, and a power motor is arranged at the bottom of the matching gear, and the output end of the power motor is connected to a propeller, a gear seat is fixed below the middle part of the double-headed push cylinder, and the middle part of one side of the gear seat is meshed with a power gear, an elastic seal is arranged on the middle outside of the propeller, and the double-headed push cylinder is slidably connected to the submersible seat through the mounting frame.

[0006] Furthermore, the detection mechanism includes a moving seat, a sliding block and a rotating frame. The sliding block is installed in the lower middle part of the moving seat, and the rotating frame is installed at the bottom of the sliding block.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection mechanism also includes a reduction motor and a detection head. The reduction motor is installed on one side of the end of the rotating frame, and the detection head is installed at the lowest end of the rotating frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection mechanism also includes a wrapping cover, and the exterior of the rotating frame is wrapped with the wrapping cover.

[0009] Furthermore, floating mechanisms for depth adjustment are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the submersible seat, and the floating mechanism includes a protective cavity and an inner airbag ball. The inner airbag ball is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the protective cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the floating mechanism also includes an air inlet pipe, an outer airbag ball and a solenoid valve, the upper middle part of the inner airbag ball is connected to the air inlet pipe, the outer airbag ball is wrapped on the outside of the inner airbag ball, and the inner middle part of the outer airbag ball is provided with a solenoid valve.

[0011] Furthermore, protective mechanisms for preventing touching are installed on both sides of the submersible seat, and the protective mechanisms include a protective cover and a snap-fit ​​head, and a snap-fit ​​head is fixed at the middle of one end of the protective cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the protection mechanism also includes a mounting seat and a moving rod, the mounting seat is clamped on the outside of one side of the clamping head, and the moving rod is fixed in the middle of the other side of the mounting seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the protection mechanism also includes a first spring and a second spring, the first spring is arranged at the middle of the moving rod, and the second spring is arranged at the bottom of the moving rod.

[0014] The method for using the underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering includes the following operation steps: Step 1: Through the air inlet pipe, a suction pump is set at its input end to inflate and deflate the airbag ball, so that the equipment can adjust its height to dive and float, so that the equipment can complete underwater detection. Through the front and rear two groups of servo power motors, the two groups of propellers can be driven to rotate forward and reverse respectively, so that when the submersible seat is in underwater detection, it can provide the submersible seat with forward and backward power, so that the submersible seat can perform range movement detection; Step 2: The servo-type double-head push cylinder can drive the rack plates at both ends to telescopically move, so that the matching gears can be meshed and rotated, so that the matching gears can drive the power motor and its propeller at the bottom to adjust the angle and rotate, so that the propellers on both sides can rotate inward and tilt sideways to generate a rotational thrust for the submersible seat, so that it can be quickly rotated and adjusted in situ during the propulsion movement, and the elastic seal connected by the sealed bearing can be wrapped to seal the rotation gap of the propeller. Then, the power gear driven by the servo motor can drive the gear seat and the front end components of the double-head push cylinder to perform fine-tuning rotation. After the matching gear drives the power motor and the propeller to rotate and adjust, an independent inner circle angle can be provided, so that the angle of the submersible seat during movement can be more flexible and accurate; Step 3: Use the detection head, which is a stress ultrasonic monitoring probe based on the existing principle, to perform detection. Then, through multiple sets of reduction motors, the rotating frames can be rotated to form multi-joint adjustments, so that the direction of the detection head can be flexibly adjusted. Then, by setting a screw rod and a moving seat of the rotating motor, the sliding block can be driven to move. In conjunction with the movement of the detection head by the rotating frame, when the equipment is in a complex underwater component, the detection direction of the detection head can be more flexibly adapted, and the directional detection of the complex component has been completed, which is conducive to improving the use effect of the equipment; Step 4: Through the solenoid valve, the outer airbag ball can be ventilated to complete the wrapping of the inner airbag ball, and the outer shielding protection of the protective cavity can be used to prevent the inner airbag ball that provides buoyancy from direct contact friction and touch damage when the equipment is tested in a complex underwater environment, thereby ensuring that the equipment is more stable during testing and has a longer service life; Step 5: A protective barrier can be formed on the outside of the propeller through the mesh-shaped protective cover to prevent the device from being hit during detection and movement, thereby affecting normal work. Subsequently, the second spring and the first spring can be used to make the mounting base have a high buffering capacity. Finally, the snap-on mounted protective cover can mitigate the impact force when encountering a collision, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the equipment, thereby ensuring the long-term safety, stability and effectiveness of equipment detection.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. In the above scheme, by setting the coordination between the various parts of the moving mechanism, a range of mobile detection can be performed, and the turning angle of the device during movement can be made more flexible and accurate. When the device is tested in a complex underwater environment, the direction of movement can be adjusted quickly, stably and accurately, so that the device can perform rapid action detection on the parts of the components, which is conducive to reducing the maneuvering time of the device in the underwater range, greatly shortening the working time and improving the detection effect; 2. In the above scheme, by setting the coordination between the various parts of the detection mechanism, a multi-joint rotation adjustment can be formed, which can make the detection direction of the detection head more flexible and adaptable when the equipment is in a complex underwater component, and complete the directional detection of the complex component, which is conducive to improving the use effect of the equipment; 3. In the above scheme, by setting the coordination between the various parts of the floating mechanism, the height adjustment capability of the equipment can be generated to enable the equipment to complete underwater detection. At the same time, when the equipment is detected in a complex underwater environment, the inner airbag ball providing buoyancy can be prevented from direct contact friction and touch damage, thereby ensuring that the equipment is more stable during detection and has a longer service life; 4. In the above scheme, by setting up the coordination between the various parts of the protection mechanism, the equipment can be prevented from touching and impacting during detection and movement, thereby affecting normal work, and the impact force can be alleviated when encountering a collision, so as to further reduce the possibility of damage to the equipment, thereby ensuring the long-term safety, stability and effectiveness of equipment detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external front view and partial cross-section structure of underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges used in civil engineering; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a rotating frame of underwater component inspection equipment for roads and bridges used in civil engineering; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a mobile mechanism of an underwater component inspection device for roads and bridges used in civil engineering; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal front view structure of the installation base of underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges used in civil engineering; Figure 5A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a protective cover for underwater component inspection equipment for roads and bridges used in civil engineering; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer airbag ball facing forward for underwater component inspection equipment for roads and bridges used in civil engineering.

[0018] [Reference Signs] 1. Submersible seat; 2. Detection mechanism; 201. Moving seat; 202. Sliding block; 203. Rotating frame; 204. Speed ​​reducer; 205. Detection head; 206. Wrapping sleeve; 3. Floating mechanism; 301. Protective cavity; 302. Inner airbag ball; 303. Intake pipe; 304. Outer airbag ball; 305. Solenoid valve; 4. Moving mechanism; 401. Mounting frame; 402. Double-head push cylinder; 403. Rack plate; 404. Matching gear; 405. Power motor; 406. Propeller; 407. Gear seat; 408. Power gear; 409. Elastic seal; 5. Protection mechanism; 501. Protective cover; 502. Clamping head; 503. Mounting seat; 504. Moving rod; 505. First spring; 506. Second spring.

[0019] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly implement the structure of the embodiment of the present invention, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure, but this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific structure, device and environment. According to specific needs, ordinary technicians in this field can adjust or modify these devices and environments, and the adjustments or modifications made are still included in the scope of the attached claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The underwater component detection equipment and method for use of road bridges in civil engineering provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiments", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater component detection device for roads and bridges in civil engineering and a method for using the device, comprising a submersible seat 1 and a moving mechanism 4, wherein a detection mechanism 2 for adjusting detection is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the submersible seat 1, and the moving mechanism 4 for flexible displacement is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the submersible seat 1, and the moving mechanism 4 comprises a mounting frame 401, a double-headed push cylinder 402, a rack plate 403, a matching gear 404, a power motor 405, a propeller 406, a gear seat 407, a power gear 408 and an elastic seal 409, and the middle part of the mounting frame 401 is provided with a detection mechanism 2 for adjusting detection, and the moving mechanism 4 for flexible displacement is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the submersible seat 1. A double-headed push cylinder 402 is installed, and a rack plate 403 is installed at the output end of the double-headed push cylinder 402, a matching gear 404 is meshed on one side of the rack plate 403, and a power motor 405 is arranged at the bottom of the matching gear 404, and a propeller 406 is connected to the output end of the power motor 405, a gear seat 407 is fixed below the middle of the double-headed push cylinder 402, and a power gear 408 is meshed in the middle of one side of the gear seat 407, and an elastic seal 409 is arranged on the outside of the middle of the propeller 406, and the double-headed push cylinder 402 is slidably connected to the submersible seat 1 through the mounting frame 401; The two groups of servo-type power motors 405 arranged at the front and rear can respectively drive the two groups of propellers 406 to rotate forward and reverse, so that when the submersible seat 1 is located underwater for detection, the submersible seat 1 can be provided with forward and backward power, so that the submersible seat 1 can perform a range of mobile detection, and the servo-type double-headed push cylinder 402 can drive the rack plates 403 at both ends to telescopically move, so that the matching gear 404 can be engaged and rotated, so that the matching gear 404 drives the power motor 405 and its propeller 406 at the bottom to adjust the angle and rotate, so that the propellers 406 on both sides can rotate inward and tilt sideways to generate a rotational thrust for the submersible seat 1, so that it can perform rapid rotation and direction adjustment in situ during the propulsion movement, and the sealed bearing connection can be used. The elastic seal 409 is wrapped to seal the rotation gap of the propeller 406. The power gear 408 driven by the servo motor can drive the gear seat 407 and the front end component of the double-head push cylinder 402 to perform fine-tuning rotation. The gear 404 can drive the power motor 405 and the propeller 406 to rotate backward to provide an independent inner circle angle, so that the angle of the submersible seat 1 during movement can be more flexible and accurate. When the device is detected in a complex underwater environment, the direction of movement can be adjusted quickly, stably and accurately, so that the device can quickly detect the parts of the components, which is beneficial to reducing the maneuvering time of the equipment in a wide range of underwater activities, greatly shortening the working time and improving the detection effect.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the detection mechanism 2 includes a moving seat 201, a sliding block 202 and a rotating frame 203. The sliding block 202 is installed in the middle of the lower part of the moving seat 201, and the rotating frame 203 is installed at the bottom of the sliding block 202. The detection mechanism 2 also includes a reduction motor 204 and a detection head 205. The reduction motor 204 is installed on one side of the end of the rotating frame 203, and the detection head 205 is installed at the lowest end of the rotating frame 203. The detection mechanism 2 also includes a wrapping sleeve 206, and the outer part of the rotating frame 203 is wrapped with the wrapping sleeve 206. Through the detection head 205, it is a stress ultrasonic monitoring probe of the existing principle. The specific detection principle can be referred to Reference: CN202010506908.5. By means of multiple groups of reduction motors 204, the rotating frame 203 can be rotated to form a multi-joint adjustment, so that the direction of the detection head 205 can be flexibly adjusted. By setting a screw rod and a moving seat 201 of a rotating motor, the sliding block 202 can be driven to move. The rotating frame 203 moves the detection head 205. When the device is in a complex underwater component, the detection direction of the detection head 205 can be more flexibly adapted, and the directional detection of the complex component has been completed, which is conducive to improving the use effect of the device. Floating mechanisms 3 for depth adjustment are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the submersible seat 1. The floating mechanism 3 includes a protective cavity 301 and an inner airbag ball 302. The inner airbag ball 302 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the protective cavity 301. The floating mechanism 3 also includes an air inlet pipe 303, an outer airbag ball 304 and an electromagnetic valve 305. The upper middle part of the inner airbag ball 302 is connected with the air inlet pipe 303, and the outer airbag ball 304 is wrapped outside the inner airbag ball 302. The electromagnetic valve 305 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the outer airbag ball 304. Through the air inlet pipe 303, a pump is arranged at its input end. The suction pump is used to inflate and deflate the inner airbag ball 302, so that the height adjustment capability of the device can be achieved, so that the device can complete underwater detection. The outer airbag ball 304 can be ventilated through the solenoid valve 305 to complete the wrapping of the inner airbag ball 302. With the external shielding protection of the protective cavity 301, when the device is tested in a complex underwater environment, the inner airbag ball 302 that provides buoyancy can be prevented from direct contact friction and touch damage, thereby ensuring that the device is more stable during detection and has a longer service life. The two sides of the diving seat 1 are equipped with a protective mechanism 5 for anti-touch, and the protective mechanism 5 includes a protective cover 501 and a snap-fit ​​head 502. The snap-fit ​​head 502 is fixed in the middle of one end of the protective cover 501. The protective mechanism 5 also includes a mounting seat 503 and a moving rod 504. The mounting seat 503 is snap-fitted to the outside of one side of the snap-fit ​​head 502, and the moving rod 504 is fixed in the middle of the other side of the mounting seat 503. The protective mechanism 5 also includes a first spring 505 and a second spring 506. The first spring 505 is arranged in the middle of the moving rod 504, and the moving rod 5 A second spring 506 is provided at the bottom of 04. Through the mesh-shaped protective cover 501, a protective barrier can be formed on the outside of the propeller 406 to prevent the device from being impacted during detection and movement and affecting normal work. Through the second spring 506 and the first spring 505, the mounting seat 503 can have a high buffering ability, so that the snap-fitted protective cover 501 can mitigate the impact force when encountering a collision, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the equipment, thereby ensuring the long-term safety, stability and effect of equipment detection.

[0024] The technical solution provided by the present invention firstly uses the air inlet pipe 303, whose input end is provided with a suction pump, to inflate and deflate the inner airbag ball 302, so as to be able to adjust the height of the device to dive and float, so as to enable the device to complete underwater detection, and then uses the front and rear two groups of servo-type power motors 405 to respectively drive the two groups of propellers 406 to rotate forward and reverse, so that when the submersible seat 1 is located for underwater detection, it can provide the submersible seat 1 with forward and backward power, so that the submersible seat 1 can perform range movement detection; Then, the rack plates 403 at both ends can be driven to telescopically move through the servo-type double-headed push cylinder 402, so that the matching gear 404 can be meshed and rotated, so that the matching gear 404 can drive the power motor 405 and its propeller 406 at the bottom to adjust the angle and rotate, so that the propellers 406 on both sides can rotate inward and tilt sideways to generate a rotational thrust for the submersible seat 1, so that it can be quickly rotated and adjusted in situ during the propulsion movement, and then the elastic seal 409 connected by the sealed bearing can be wrapped to seal the rotation gap of the propeller 406, and then the power gear 408 driven by the servo motor can drive the gear seat 407 and the front end component of the double-headed push cylinder 402 to perform fine-tuning rotation, and after the matching gear 404 drives the power motor 405 and the propeller 406 to rotate and adjust, an independent inner circle rotation angle can be provided; Then, the detection is performed through the detection head 205, which is a stress ultrasonic monitoring probe based on the existing principle. Subsequently, the rotating frame 203 can be rotated by multiple groups of reduction motors 204 to form a multi-joint adjustment, so that the direction of the detection head 205 can be flexibly adjusted. Then, the sliding block 202 can be driven to move by setting a screw rod and a moving seat 201 of a rotating motor. The movement of the detection head 205 by the rotating frame 203 can make the detection direction of the detection head 205 more flexible and adaptable when the equipment is in a complex underwater component. Then, the outer airbag ball 304 can be ventilated through the solenoid valve 305 to wrap the inner airbag ball 302, and the outer shielding protection of the protection cavity 301 can be used to prevent the inner airbag ball 302 that provides buoyancy from direct contact friction and touch damage when the device is tested in a complex underwater environment; Finally, a protective barrier can be formed on the outside of the propeller 406 through the mesh-shaped protective cover 501 to prevent the device from touching or impacting when detecting movement and affecting normal operation. Subsequently, the second spring 506 and the first spring 505 can be used to make the mounting base 503 have a high buffering capacity, so that the clip-on mounted protective cover 501 can mitigate the impact force when encountering a collision.

[0025] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

Claims

1. An underwater component detection device for roads and bridges in civil engineering, characterized in that: include: A submersible seat (1) and a moving mechanism (4), wherein a detection mechanism (2) for adjusting detection is arranged in the middle of the lower part of the submersible seat (1), and the moving mechanism (4) for flexible displacement is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the submersible seat (1), and the moving mechanism (4) comprises a mounting frame (401), a double-headed push cylinder (402), a rack plate (403), a matching gear (404), a power motor (405), a propeller (406), a gear seat (407), a power gear (408) and an elastic seal (409), and a double-headed push cylinder (402) is installed in the middle of the mounting frame (401), and the double-headed push cylinder (402) A rack plate (403) is installed at the output end of the double-headed push cylinder (402), a matching gear (404) is meshed on one side of the rack plate (403), and a power motor (405) is arranged at the bottom of the matching gear (404), and a propeller (406) is connected to the output end of the power motor (405), a gear seat (407) is fixed below the middle of the double-headed push cylinder (402), and a power gear (408) is meshed on the middle of one side of the gear seat (407), and an elastic seal (409) is arranged on the outside of the middle of the propeller (406), and the double-headed push cylinder (402) is slidably connected to the submersible seat (1) via a mounting frame (401).

2. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detection mechanism (2) comprises a moving seat (201), a sliding block (202) and a rotating frame (203); the sliding block (202) is installed in the middle of the lower part of the moving seat (201), and the rotating frame (203) is installed at the bottom of the sliding block (202).

3. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The detection mechanism (2) further comprises a reduction motor (204) and a detection head (205); the reduction motor (204) is mounted on one side of the end of the rotating frame (203), and the detection head (205) is mounted on the lowest end of the rotating frame (203).

4. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (2) further comprises a wrapping sleeve (206), and the exterior of the rotating frame (203) is wrapped with the wrapping sleeve (206).

5. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Floating mechanisms (3) for depth adjustment are arranged on both sides of the bottom of the submersible seat (1); the floating mechanism (3) comprises a protective cavity (301) and an inner airbag ball (302); the inner airbag ball (302) is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the protective cavity (301).

6. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The floating mechanism (3) further comprises an air intake pipe (303), an outer air bag ball (304) and an electromagnetic valve (305); the air intake pipe (303) is connected to the upper middle portion of the inner air bag ball (302); the outer air bag ball (304) is wrapped around the outer portion of the inner air bag ball (302); and the electromagnetic valve (305) is arranged at the inner middle portion of the outer air bag ball (304).

7. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Protective mechanisms (5) for preventing contact are installed on both sides of the submersible seat (1), the protective mechanism (5) comprising a protective cover (501) and a snap-fit ​​head (502), and the snap-fit ​​head (502) is fixed at the middle of one end of the protective cover (501).

8. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (5) further comprises a mounting seat (503) and a moving rod (504); the mounting seat (503) is externally clamped on one side of the clamping head (502), and the moving rod (504) is fixed in the middle of the other side of the mounting seat (503).

9. The underwater component detection equipment for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (5) further comprises a first spring (505) and a second spring (506); the first spring (505) is arranged at the middle of the moving rod (504), and the second spring (506) is arranged at the bottom of the moving rod (504).

10. The method for using the underwater component detection device for roads and bridges in civil engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: Through the air inlet pipe (303), a suction pump is provided at the input end thereof, so as to inflate and deflate the air bag ball (302), thereby enabling the device to have the ability to adjust the height of diving and floating, so as to enable the device to complete underwater detection. Through the front and rear two groups of servo-type power motors (405), the two groups of propellers (406) can be driven to rotate forward and reverse respectively, so that when the submersible seat (1) is located in the underwater detection, the submersible seat (1) can be provided with forward and backward power, so that the submersible seat (1) can be moved within a range for detection; Step 2: The servo-type double-head push cylinder (402) can drive the rack plates (403) at both ends to telescopically move, so that the matching gear (404) can be engaged and rotated, so that the matching gear (404) drives the power motor (405) and its propeller (406) at the bottom to adjust the angle and rotate, so that the propellers (406) on both sides can rotate inward and tilt sideways to generate a rotational thrust for the submersible seat (1), so that the submersible seat (1) can be quickly rotated and adjusted in situ during the propulsion movement. The elastic seal (409) connected to the sealing bearing is wrapped to seal the rotation gap of the propeller (406), and the power gear (408) driven by the servo motor can drive the gear seat (407) and the front end component of the double-head push cylinder (402) to perform fine adjustment rotation. After the matching gear (404) drives the power motor (405) and the propeller (406) to rotate backward, an independent inner circle rotation angle can be provided, so that the rotation angle of the submersible seat (1) during movement can be more flexible and accurate; Step three: using the detection head (205), which is a stress ultrasonic monitoring probe based on the existing principle, to perform detection, and then using multiple groups of reduction motors (204) to rotate the rotating frame (203) to form a multi-joint adjustment, so that the direction of the detection head (205) can be flexibly adjusted, and then by setting a screw rod and a moving seat (201) of the rotating motor, the sliding block (202) can be driven to move, and the rotating frame (203) can move the detection head (205). When the device is in a complex underwater component, the detection direction of the detection head (205) can be more flexibly adapted, and the directional detection of the complex component has been completed, which is conducive to improving the use effect of the device; Step 4: The outer airbag ball (304) can be ventilated through the solenoid valve (305) to wrap the inner airbag ball (302), and the outer shielding protection of the protective cavity (301) can be used to prevent the inner airbag ball (302) that provides buoyancy from direct contact friction and contact damage when the device is tested in a complex underwater environment, thereby ensuring that the device is more stable during testing and has a longer service life; Step 5: Through the mesh-shaped protective cover (501), a protective barrier can be formed on the outside of the propeller (406) to prevent the device from being impacted during detection and movement, thereby affecting normal operation. Subsequently, through the second spring (506) and the first spring (505), the mounting seat (503) can have a high buffering capacity. Finally, the snap-fitted protective cover (501) can mitigate the impact force when encountering a collision, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the device, thereby ensuring the long-term safety, stability and effectiveness of the device detection.

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