Method and application for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, and specifically to a method and application for promoting the germination of Yunnan gentian seeds and the growth of seedlings. The present invention adopts the method of soaking in nutrient solution A, mixing with nutrient soil B and covering with soil, and watering with nutrient solution C, so that the Yunnan gentian seeds can be germinated without light, and the seed emergence rate can reach more than 70%, and the seed emergence time is shortened from 25 to 30 days without treatment to 7 to 12 days. The addition of the plant growth regulator of the present invention just reduces the link of synthesizing the plant growth regulator in the Yunnan gentian seeds, thereby promoting seed germination, and regularly spraying nutrient solution D after the seedlings emerge, which can effectively shorten the re-cultivation time to 35 to 40 days, and the seedling root system is well developed, the stems and leaves are more robust, the color is more bright green, and the survival rate during transplantation is as high as more than 98%. At the same time, it can also promote a small part of Yunnan gentian to have an anti-stress reaction after transplantation (the leaves turn purple and the leaves thicken), which is more conducive to adapting to the harsh environment during transplantation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, in particular to a method and application for promoting germination of Gentiana yunnanensis seeds and growth of seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Yunnan Gentian is the dried root and rhizome of Gentiana rigescens Franch, a plant of the Gentianaceae family. It is a commonly used bulk medicinal material in my country.

[0003] The publication number is CN101554119A, and the name is: an ecological planting method of Yunnan gentian. The specific steps are: using the open space in the old tea garden, the young tea garden and the papaya garden, and carrying out the ecological planting of Yunnan gentian when the tea garden or the papaya garden is tilled, weeded and fertilized, the seeds are soaked in 200ppm of gibberellin and 0.5% of carbendazim wettable powder for 24 hours before sowing, and the seeds are fished out and mixed evenly with 20 times of wet fine sand before sowing, and generally no weeding and fertilizer are applied in the seedling stage; after the rainy season in May of the second year, when the tea garden or the papaya garden is tilled, weeded and fertilized, thinning and supplementing the seedlings, and applying a small amount of decomposed farmyard manure, and topping and picking buds in November; in the third year, digging in December or when the above-ground plants wither. Publication number: CN101530026A, titled as a method for improving the germination rate of Yunnan gentian seeds. The method comprises collecting Yunnan gentian fruits whose ovaries have protruded from the withered corolla, whose ovaries have cracked or not cracked, and whose seed coats have hardened in late January of the same year; collecting the unripe fruits whose ovaries have not protruded from the withered corolla, whose seeds are green, and whose seed coats have not hardened, burying them in dry sand at 0-5°C for one month to mature; taking out the seeds from the ripe fruits and washing them, placing the washed seeds in 50-1000 mg / L gibberellin and soaking them under natural light conditions at 25°C for 24 hours, and then germinating the seeds, wherein the seed germination rate is as high as over 84%.

[0004] Although Yunnan Gentiana can be cultivated artificially, the main problems include: low seed germination rate, uneven germination and long germination cycle, with an average germination period of 25 to 30 days, 50 to 60 days of waiting time for transplanting after germination, and a low survival rate after transplanting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and application for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis in view of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Take the seeds of Gentiana yunnanensis, soak them in nutrient solution A at room temperature for 24 to 36 hours, and dry them in the shade until no obvious moisture remains;

[0008] The formula of the nutrient solution A is: an aqueous solution of 2-3 drops / L of Tween-80, 50-80 mg / L of GA3, and 100-150 mg / L of NAA;

[0009] (2) The soaked Yunnan Gentiana seeds were mixed with nutrient soil B at a mass ratio of 1:10 and then sown on a compacted and watered seedbed. After the seeds were sown, the surface was covered with 1-2 cm of nutrient soil B;

[0010] The nutrient soil B is: fine soil of garden soil sieved through a 10-20 mesh sieve, GA3 200-300 mg / L, NAA 150-200 mg / L aqueous solution is mixed evenly with the sieved fine soil at a mass ratio of 1:20, and spread out to dry in the shade until there is no lump in the hand;

[0011] (3) After covering the soil, spray nutrient solution C on the soil surface and cover with mulch. Then spray once every 3 days until the emergence rate reaches more than 10%;

[0012] The formula of the nutrient solution C is: an aqueous solution of 2-3 drops / L of Tween-80, 20-30 mg / L of GA3, 50-80 mg / L of NAA, and 10-20 mg / L of 6-BA;

[0013] (4) After all seedlings emerge, spray nutrient solution D at a rate of 40-50 kg / mu, and then spray nutrient solution D every 10-15 days;

[0014] The formula of the nutrient solution D is: NAA 1.0-2.0 mg / L, paclobutrazol 2.0-3.0 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 5.0-6.0 mg / L, zinc sulfate 2.0-3.0 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.1-0.2 g / L, amino acid 1.0-1.5 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.4-0.5 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.2 g / L.

[0015] Furthermore, the formula of the nutrient solution A is: an aqueous solution of 3 drops / L of Tween-80, 65 mg / L of GA3, and 125 mg / L of NAA.

[0016] Furthermore, in the nutrient soil B, GA3 is 250 mg / L and NAA is 175 mg / L.

[0017] Furthermore, the formula of the nutrient solution C is: an aqueous solution of 3 drops / L of Tween-80, 25 mg / L of GA3, 65 mg / L of NAA, and 15 mg / L of 6-BA.

[0018] Furthermore, the formula of the nutrient solution D is: NAA 1.5 mg / L, paclobutrazol 2.5 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 5.5 mg / L, zinc sulfate 2.5 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.15 g / L, amino acid 1.25 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.45 g / L, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15 g / L.

[0019] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The germination of Yunnan Gentiana seeds requires light stimulation. Generally, Yunnan Gentiana seeds are not covered with soil after sowing. During this period, the soil is kept moist, and the seed emergence rate can reach about 45%. However, Yunnan Gentiana seeds are small. If the surface layer is not covered with soil after sowing, on the one hand, slightly improper management can easily cause the Yunnan Gentiana moisture to not be effectively maintained. On the other hand, even if the sprinkler irrigation method is used for irrigation, a certain amount of flowing water will be formed on the surface layer, thereby causing seed loss or accumulation, and finally causing a lower emergence rate. The present invention adopts the method of nutrient solution A soaking, nutrient soil B seed dressing and covering, and nutrient solution C irrigation, which can make Yunnan Gentiana seeds germinate without light, and the seed emergence rate can reach more than 70%, and the seed emergence time is shortened from 25 to 30 days without treatment to 7 to 12 days. The mechanism is that light may stimulate the Yunnan gentian seeds to synthesize one or several plant growth regulators or promote the degradation of ABA, thereby prompting the Yunnan gentian seeds to break dormancy and germinate, and the addition of the plant growth regulator of the present invention just reduces the link of synthesizing plant growth regulators in Yunnan gentian seeds, thereby promoting seed germination. At the same time, the use of Tween-80 has a certain degree of improvement in the affinity of the seed surface for water, and it is speculated that it can promote the improvement of the water absorption efficiency of the seeds, and ultimately can also promote germination and improve the emergence rate to a certain extent.

[0021] 2. After all the Yunnan Gentiana seeds have been raised and seedlings have emerged, most of them need to be cultivated for another 50 to 60 days before they can be transplanted. In addition, under natural conditions, the root system of the seedlings is relatively underdeveloped and the seedlings are relatively weak, and the transplant survival rate is only about 85%. The present invention regularly sprays nutrient solution D after the seedlings have emerged, which can effectively shorten the re-cultivation time to 35 to 40 days, and the seedlings have developed root systems, stronger stems and leaves, and brighter green colors. The survival rate during transplantation is as high as more than 98%. At the same time, it can also cause a small number of Yunnan Gentiana to have an anti-stress reaction after transplantation (the leaves turn purple and the leaves thicken), which is more conducive to adapting to the harsh environment during transplantation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a photo of seedling emergence of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is the emergence result of comparative example 7 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is the comparison result of Example 1 and Comparative Example 7 seedlings. The left side of the figure is the seedlings of Comparative Example 7, and the right side is the seedlings of Example 1.

[0026] Figure 4 It is the transplanting result of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is that some seedlings of Example 1 of the present invention produce stress resistance after transplanting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Take the seeds of Gentiana yunnanensis, soak them in nutrient solution A (formula: Tween-80 3 drops / L, GA3 65 mg / L, NAA 125 mg / L aqueous solution) at room temperature for 30 h, and dry them in the shade until no obvious moisture remains.

[0032] (2) The soaked Yunnan Gentiana seeds were mixed with nutrient soil B in a mass ratio of 1:10 and then sown on a compacted and watered seedbed. After the seeds were sown, the surface was covered with 1.5 cm of nutrient soil B. The nutrient soil B was prepared as follows: fine soil of garden soil passed through a 20-mesh sieve, GA3 250 mg / L, NAA 175 mg / L aqueous solution was mixed with the sieved fine soil in a mass ratio of 1:20, and the soil was spread out to dry in the shade until there were no lumps in the hand.

[0033] (3) After covering the soil, spray nutrient solution C (formula: Tween-80 3 drops / L, GA3 25mg / L, NAA 65mg / L, 6-BA 15mg / L aqueous solution) on the soil surface and cover with film. Then spray once every 3 days until the emergence rate reaches more than 10%.

[0034] (4) After all seedlings emerge, spray nutrient solution D at a rate of 45 kg / mu, and then spray nutrient solution D every 13 days. The formula of nutrient solution D is: NAA 1.5 mg / L, paclobutrazol 2.5 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 5.5 mg / L, zinc sulfate 2.5 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.15 g / L, amino acid 1.25 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.45 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15 g / L.

[0035] After 15 days, the seedlings will appear. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the germination rate is high and the germination is relatively uniform. The survival rate of the seedlings after transplanting reaches 100% (such as Figure 4 ), and some seedlings were induced to develop stress resistance ( Figure 5 as shown).

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A method for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Take the seeds of Gentiana yunnanensis, soak them in nutrient solution A (formula: Tween-80 2 drops / L, GA3 50 mg / L, NAA 100 mg / L aqueous solution) at room temperature for 24 h, and dry them in the shade until no obvious moisture remains.

[0039] (2) The soaked Yunnan Gentiana seeds were mixed with nutrient soil B in a mass ratio of 1:10 and then sown on a compacted and watered seedbed. After the seeds were sown, the surface was covered with 1 cm of nutrient soil B; the nutrient soil B was prepared as follows: fine soil of garden soil passed through a 10-mesh sieve, GA3 200 mg / L, NAA 150 mg / L aqueous solution was mixed with the sieved fine soil in a mass ratio of 1:20, and the soil was spread out to dry in the shade until there were no lumps when held by hand.

[0040] (3) After covering the soil, spray nutrient solution C (formula: Tween-80 2 drops / L, GA3 20mg / L, NAA 50mg / L, 6-BA 10mg / L aqueous solution) on the soil surface and cover the ground with film. Then spray once every 3 days until the emergence rate reaches more than 10%.

[0041] (4) After all seedlings emerge, spray nutrient solution D at a rate of 40 kg / mu, and then spray nutrient solution D every 10 days. The formula of nutrient solution D is: NAA 1.0 mg / L, paclobutrazol 2.0 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 5.0 mg / L, zinc sulfate 2.0 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.1 g / L, amino acid 1.0 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.4 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 g / L.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] A method for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis, comprising the following steps:

[0044] (1) Take the seeds of Gentiana yunnanensis, soak them in nutrient solution A (formula: Tween-80 3 drops / L, GA3 80 mg / L, NAA 150 mg / L aqueous solution) at room temperature for 36 hours, and dry them in the shade until no obvious moisture remains.

[0045] (2) The soaked Yunnan Gentiana seeds were mixed with nutrient soil B in a mass ratio of 1:10 and then sown on a compacted and watered seedbed. After the seeds were sown, the surface was covered with 1-2 cm of nutrient soil B; the nutrient soil B was prepared as follows: fine soil of garden soil passed through a 20-mesh sieve, GA3 300 mg / L, NAA 200 mg / L aqueous solution was mixed with the sieved fine soil in a mass ratio of 1:20, and the soil was spread out to dry in the shade until there were no lumps when held by hand.

[0046] (3) After covering the soil, spray nutrient solution C (formula: Tween-80 3 drops / L, GA3 30mg / L, NAA 80mg / L, 6-BA 20mg / L aqueous solution) on the soil surface and cover the ground with film. Then spray once every 3 days until the emergence rate reaches more than 10%.

[0047] (4) After all seedlings emerge, spray nutrient solution D at a rate of 50 kg / mu, and then spray nutrient solution D every 15 days. The formula of nutrient solution D is: NAA 2.0 mg / L, paclobutrazol 3.0 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 6.0 mg / L, zinc sulfate 3.0 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.2 g / L, amino acid 1.5 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.5 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 g / L.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] Without any treatment, mix with fine soil and sow the seeds, then cover with fine soil and plastic film.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] Only step (1) of Example 1 was implemented, mixing fine soil for sowing, and then covering with fine soil and mulch film.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] Only step (2) of Example 1 was implemented, followed by covering with ground film.

[0054] Comparative Example 4

[0055] After mixing with fine soil and sowing, cover with fine soil, and only implement step (3) of Example 1 and cover with ground film.

[0056] Comparative Example 5

[0057] The steps (1) and (2) of Example 1 were carried out, followed by covering with ground film.

[0058] Comparative Example 6

[0059] After mixing with fine soil and sowing, the fine soil and ground film are covered, and only step (4) of Example 1 is implemented.

[0060] Comparative Example 7

[0061] Without any treatment, mix with fine soil and sow, and do not cover with soil after sowing. Seedlings will emerge after 30 days. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the germination rate is low and the germination is uneven; Figure 3 It can be seen from the left that the seedling root system is weak and the plant is short and thin, while the seedling on the right is the seedling of Example 1, which has a well-developed root system and a strong plant.

[0062] The first seed germination time, 15d germination rate, 30d germination rate, re-cultivation time after all seedlings have emerged, seedling robustness and transplant survival rate of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were statistically analyzed. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0063] Table 1 Statistical results

[0064] Example First seed emergence time 15d germination rate 30d germination rate Cultivation time after all seedlings emerge Seedling health Transplant survival rate Example 1 7d 71.3% 76.9% 35d +++++ 100% Example 2 6d 70.9% 78.3% 38d +++++ 99.6% Example 3 7d 72.1% 77.3% 37d +++++ 99.4% Comparative Example 1 21d 0% 5.9% 58d + 60.3% Comparative Example 2 10d 32.6% 43.9% 53d ++ 71.2% Comparative Example 3 13d 14.6% 34.9% 51d + 63.5% Comparative Example 4 12d 23.4% 50.6% 48d +++ 80.5% Comparative Example 5 8d 50.7% 54.9% 48d +++ 86.7% Comparative Example 6 15d 4.3% 29.4% 42d ++++ 96.3% Comparative Example 7 16d 0 42.7% 60d ++ 70.9%

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis, characterized in that: The steps are: (1) Take the seeds of Gentiana yunnanensis, soak them in nutrient solution A at room temperature for 24 to 36 hours, and dry them in the shade until no obvious moisture remains; The formula of the nutrient solution A is: an aqueous solution of 2-3 drops / L of Tween-80, 50-80 mg / L of GA3, and 100-150 mg / L of NAA; (2) The soaked Yunnan Gentiana seeds were mixed with nutrient soil B at a mass ratio of 1:10 and then sown on a compacted and watered seedbed. After the seeds were sown, the surface was covered with 1-2 cm of nutrient soil B; The nutrient soil B is: fine soil of garden soil sieved through a 10-20 mesh sieve, GA3 200-300 mg / L, NAA 150-200 mg / L aqueous solution is mixed evenly with the sieved fine soil at a mass ratio of 1:20, and spread out to dry in the shade until there is no lump in the hand; (3) After covering the soil, spray nutrient solution C on the soil surface and cover with mulch. Then spray once every 3 days until the emergence rate reaches more than 10%; The formula of the nutrient solution C is: an aqueous solution of 2-3 drops / L of Tween-80, 20-30 mg / L of GA3, 50-80 mg / L of NAA, and 10-20 mg / L of 6-BA; (4) After all seedlings emerge, spray nutrient solution D at a rate of 40-50 kg / mu, and then spray nutrient solution D every 10-15 days; The formula of the nutrient solution D is: NAA 1.0-2.0 mg / L, paclobutrazol 2.0-3.0 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 5.0-6.0 mg / L, zinc sulfate 2.0-3.0 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.1-0.2 g / L, amino acid 1.0-1.5 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.4-0.5 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.2 g / L.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula of the nutrient solution A is: an aqueous solution of 3 drops / L of Tween-80, 365 mg / L of GA, and 125 mg / L of NAA.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the nutrient soil B, GA3 is 250 mg / L and NAA is 175 mg / L.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula of the nutrient solution C is: an aqueous solution of 3 drops / L of Tween-80, 25 mg / L of GA3, 65 mg / L of NAA and 15 mg / L of 6-BA.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula of the nutrient solution D is: NAA 1.5 mg / L, paclobutrazol 2.5 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 5.5 mg / L, zinc sulfate 2.5 mg / L, mineral potassium humate 0.15 g / L, amino acid 1.25 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.45 g / L, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.15 g / L.

6. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in promoting seed germination and seedling growth of Gentiana yunnanensis.

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