Gold wet concentration dry discharge process and concentration equipment

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gold ore dressing, and discloses a gold wet ore dressing dry discharge process and an ore dressing device, wherein the gold wet ore dressing dry discharge process comprises the following steps: S1, crushing and screening: raw materials are crushed and screened to obtain granular products with a specified particle size; S2, grinding: the granular products obtained in the step S1 are ground, impurities are screened out, and powder products are obtained; S3, flotation: the powder products obtained in the step S2 are subjected to dosing and flotation treatment, and gold-containing foam products are floated out; S4, thickening and pressure filtration: the foam products in the step S3 are subjected to flocculation and precipitation treatment, gold-containing sludge precipitated at the bottom is subjected to pressure filtration to obtain final gold-containing ore powder, and clean water overflowed at the top is subjected to aeration and photolysis treatment and then is returned to the aforementioned step. Through the technical scheme, the problem that the traditional ore dressing process has a large water resource consumption in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gold beneficiation technology, specifically to a wet gold beneficiation dry discharge process and beneficiation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Gold beneficiation is the process of separating and extracting gold from other minerals in ore. It generally includes crushing and grinding, gravity separation and flotation. In the flotation machine, the ore is stirred and aerated, so that gold minerals selectively attach to the bubbles and float to the surface of the slurry to form a foam layer. The foam that is scraped off contains gold concentrate, while the tailings remain in the slurry.

[0003] First, traditional mineral processing requires a large amount of water in each step, resulting in significant water consumption throughout the process, which contradicts the principles of environmental protection and water conservation. Second, traditional mineral processing necessitates tailings ponds to store tailings, which require substantial space, and the tailings still contain a portion of products with very low gold content.

[0004] The existing technologies have not adequately addressed the above problems, causing difficulties for the normal operation of this field. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dry discharge process and beneficiation equipment for wet gold ore beneficiation to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a dry discharge process and beneficiation equipment for wet gold beneficiation, which solves the problem of high water consumption in traditional beneficiation processes.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a dry stacking process for wet gold beneficiation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1 Crushing and Screening: The raw materials are crushed and screened to obtain granular products that meet the specified particle size.

[0008] S2 Grinding: The granular product obtained in step S1 is ground and impurities are removed to obtain the powder product.

[0009] S3 Flotation: The powder product obtained in step S2 is subjected to reagent addition and flotation treatment, and the gold-containing foam product is floated out;

[0010] S4 Thickening and Filtration: The foam product in step S3 is subjected to flocculation and sedimentation treatment. The gold-bearing sludge at the bottom is filtered to obtain the final gold-bearing powder. The clear water overflowing from the top is treated by aeration and photolysis and then returned to the aforementioned steps for use.

[0011] In step S3, the powder product obtained in step S2 is first fed into a mixing tank. A flotation agent is added to the mixing tank, and after stirring, a flotation is performed. The product passes through the primary flotation machine, the first-stage static flotation machine, and the second-stage static flotation machine in sequence to produce foam products and residue products.

[0012] In step S4, the foam product produced in step S3 is first pumped into a primary thickener and flocculant is added. The gold-bearing sludge settled at the bottom of the primary thickener is filtered by a filter press to obtain the final gold-bearing powder. The clear water overflowing from the top of the primary thickener is pumped into a secondary thickener for further treatment. The clear water overflowing from the top of the secondary thickener is then sequentially fed into an aeration tank and a photolysis tank for further treatment. The treated water is then returned to the aforementioned steps for use.

[0013] Optionally, in step S3, the produced residue product undergoes secondary flotation, and after secondary flotation, froth product and tailings product are produced. The froth product is returned to the primary flotation for further processing, while the tailings product is sent to a hydrocyclone. After hydrocyclone classification, coarse sand product and fine sand product are obtained. The coarse sand product is filtered to obtain a by-product with a gold content lower than that of gold-bearing ore powder, while the fine sand product is sent to the primary thickener mentioned in step S4.

[0014] Optionally, step S1 uses a frame and a primary crusher, a secondary crusher, a tertiary crusher, a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a third conveyor belt, and a screening device mounted on the frame;

[0015] The height of the input end of both the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt is lower than the height of their output ends. The output end of the first conveyor belt is located above the input end of the second conveyor belt, and the output end of the second conveyor belt is located above the input end of the first conveyor belt.

[0016] The screening device has a two-layer screen structure with a primary discharge port, a secondary discharge port and a tertiary discharge port, which are used to screen out granular products with primary, secondary and tertiary particle sizes, respectively. The particle size of the granular products with primary, secondary and tertiary particle sizes increases progressively.

[0017] The output ends of the primary crusher and the tertiary crusher are both connected to the input end of the first conveyor belt, the input end of the tertiary crusher is connected to the output end of the second conveyor belt, and the input end and output end of the secondary crusher are respectively connected to the tertiary discharge port and the input end of the second conveyor belt.

[0018] In step S1, the raw material is first fed into the primary crusher, and after crushing, it is lifted and conveyed to the screening device by the first conveyor belt. The tertiary particle size product falls directly into the secondary crusher. The particle product produced by the secondary crusher and the tertiary particle size product are lifted and conveyed to the tertiary crusher by the second conveyor belt. The particle product produced by the tertiary crusher is returned to the first conveyor belt and conveyed together with the raw material to the screening device. The tertiary particle size product screened out by the screening device is conveyed to step S2 by the third conveyor belt.

[0019] Optionally, step S2 has two working states: the state where only the first-stage ball mill is turned on, and the state where both the first-stage ball mill and the second-stage ball mill are turned on simultaneously.

[0020] When only the primary ball mill is turned on, the particles of the primary size first enter the primary ball mill and are ground into powder. Then they enter the spiral classifier to produce large-size and small-size products. The large-size products are returned to the primary ball mill, and the small-size products are sent to step S3 after impurities are removed.

[0021] When the primary ball mill and the secondary ball mill are started simultaneously, the particles of the primary size first enter the primary ball mill and are ground into powder. Then, they enter the spiral classifier to produce large-size and small-size products. The large-size products are sent to the secondary ball mill, and after secondary ball milling, they are sent to the spiral classifier. The small-size products are sent to step S3 after impurities are removed.

[0022] A gold ore beneficiation device is applied to a gold wet beneficiation dry discharge process. The screening device includes a shell, a rotating shaft, a primary screen and a secondary screen. The rotating shaft is oscillating around its own axis and is arranged in the shell. The rotating shaft is arranged along the material conveying direction. The primary screen is disposed on the rotating shaft, and the secondary screen is elastically vibrating within the shell.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes a telescopic component, a rack, and a gear. The telescopic component is disposed on the housing, the rack is slidably disposed on the housing, the telescopic end of the telescopic component is connected to the rack, and the gear is coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft and meshes with the rack.

[0024] Optionally, it also includes a vibration mechanism for driving the secondary screen to vibrate.

[0025] The vibration mechanism includes a swing frame, a vibration motor, and striking rollers. The swing frame is Y-shaped, with an upper left end, an upper right end, and a lower end. The middle of the swing frame is hinged to the housing. The vibration motor is located at the lower end of the swing frame. There are two striking rollers, which are rotatably located at the upper left and upper right ends of the swing frame, respectively.

[0026] After the vibration motor is started, it provides the force for the swing frame to swing. After the swing frame swings, it causes the two striking rollers to alternately strike the secondary screen.

[0027] Optionally, the inner wall of the housing has an arc-shaped groove, and the two sides of the primary screen slide within the arc-shaped groove. It also includes a spring, with its two ends connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove and the primary screen, respectively.

[0028] Optionally, it also includes an inner water supply pipe, an outer water supply pipe, an atomizing nozzle, and a high-pressure nozzle. The inner water supply pipe is located on the inner wall of the housing and within the arc-shaped groove. The inner water supply pipe is used to connect to an external water supply device. The inner water supply pipe has an atomizing water supply hole and a high-pressure water supply hole. The outer water supply pipe is rotatably disposed outside the inner water supply pipe. The atomizing nozzle and the high-pressure nozzle are both disposed on the outer water supply pipe. The atomizing nozzle and the high-pressure nozzle both face the bottom surface of the primary screen. After the outer water supply pipe rotates, it is used to connect the atomizing water supply hole to the atomizing nozzle, or to connect the high-pressure water supply hole to the high-pressure nozzle.

[0029] Optionally, the outer water supply pipe has a locking part, and the inner water supply pipe has a limiting part. There are two limiting parts, and the locking part is located between the two limiting parts to limit the extreme position of the sliding of the outer water supply pipe.

[0030] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] First, the mined ore is fed into crushing equipment for crushing, and then screened to obtain granular products that meet the specified particle size. Next, these granular products are fed into grinding equipment to obtain powder products. Then, the powder products are transferred to a mixing tank, where an appropriate amount of flotation agent is added, and stirring is started to ensure thorough mixing of the powder and flotation agent. After uniform mixing, the material is sequentially conveyed to a primary flotation machine, a first-stage static flotation machine, and a second-stage static flotation machine. Here, through aeration and stirring, gold minerals adhere to air bubbles and float to the surface, forming froth products and residue products, thus enriching the gold minerals. Through this series of flotation operations, a froth product with high gold purity is obtained.

[0032] Subsequently, the foam product is pumped into a primary thickener, along with flocculant. In the primary thickener, the sludge gradually settles at the bottom, while the clear water overflows from the top to a secondary thickener. The sludge settled at the bottom of the primary thickener is then filtered by a filter press to obtain the final high-purity gold-bearing mineral powder. The secondary thickener further treats the clear water overflowing from the primary thickener by sedimentation. The clear water overflowing from the top then enters an aeration tank and a photolysis tank. In the aeration tank, air is introduced into the water through aeration equipment to remove some of the organic pollutants that may be present in the water. In the photolysis tank, the residual organic impurities in the water are degraded using the principle of photolysis. The treated clear water is then recycled back to the previous crushing, screening, and grinding steps.

[0033] This process achieves efficient hydrometallurgical gold beneficiation. By employing a series of meticulous steps, including crushing, grinding, flotation, sedimentation, and filtration, it ensures the effective separation of gold minerals from other minerals, thereby improving the recovery rate and concentrate quality. Most importantly, it solves the problem of high water consumption in traditional beneficiation processes. Through flocculation, sedimentation, aeration, and photolysis, the water is recycled, reducing production costs and aligning with current environmental protection and water conservation principles. This reduces dependence on water resources and potential environmental pollution, providing strong support for the sustainable development of the hydrometallurgical gold beneficiation industry. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The preferred embodiments will now be described in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages, and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a general flow chart of a wet gold beneficiation dry stacking process;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of step S1 in a wet gold beneficiation dry stacking process.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process when only the first-stage ball mill is turned on in step S2 of a wet gold beneficiation dry stacking process.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process when the primary ball mill and the secondary ball mill are simultaneously turned on in step S2 of a wet gold beneficiation dry stacking process.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of step S3 in a wet gold beneficiation dry stacking process.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of step S4 in a wet gold beneficiation dry stacking process.

[0041] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the equipment layout structure in step S1;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of the screening device;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped groove.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a primary screen.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the external water supply pipe.

[0047] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer and inner water supply pipes;

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shape of the water supply inner pipe.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Mixing tank; 201. Primary flotation machine; 202. First-stage static flotation machine; 203. Second-stage static flotation machine; 301. First-stage thickener; 4. Filter press; 302. Second-stage thickener; 5. Aeration tank; 6. Photolysis tank; 7. Hydrocyclone; 8. Frame; 901. First-stage crusher; 902. Second-stage crusher; 903. Tertiary crusher; 1001. First conveyor belt; 1002. Second conveyor belt; 1003. Third conveyor belt; 11. Screening device; 1101. First-stage discharge port; 1102. Second-stage discharge port; 1103. Tertiary discharge port. 1201. Feed inlet, 1202. First-stage ball mill, 1203. Second-stage ball mill, 14. Spiral classifier, 15. Shell, 16. Rotating shaft, 17. First-stage screen, 18. Second-stage screen, 19. Telescopic component, 20. Rack, 21. Gear, 22. Vibration mechanism, 2101. Swing frame, 2102. Vibration motor, 2103. Striking roller, 22. Arc groove, 23. Spring, 24. Inner water supply pipe, 25. Outer water supply pipe, 26. Atomizing nozzle, 27. High-pressure nozzle, 28. Atomizing water supply hole, 29. High-pressure water supply hole, 30. Locking part, 31. Limiting part. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0052] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0053] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] Reference Figures 1-15 As the first embodiment of the present invention, a dry stacking process for wet gold beneficiation is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1 Crushing and Screening: The raw materials are crushed and screened to obtain granular products that meet the specified particle size.

[0057] S2 Grinding: The granular product obtained in step S1 is ground and impurities are removed to obtain the powder product.

[0058] S3 Flotation: The powder product obtained in step S2 is subjected to reagent addition and flotation treatment, and the gold-containing foam product is floated out;

[0059] S4 Thickening and Filtration: The foam product in step S3 is subjected to flocculation and sedimentation treatment. The gold-bearing sludge at the bottom is filtered to obtain the final gold-bearing powder. The clear water overflowing from the top is treated by aeration and photolysis and then returned to the aforementioned steps for use.

[0060] In step S3, the powder product obtained in step S2 is first fed into the mixing tank 1. A flotation agent is added to the mixing tank 1, and after stirring, a flotation is performed. The product passes through the primary flotation machine 201, the first-stage static flotation machine 202, and the second-stage static flotation machine 203 in sequence to produce foam products and residue products.

[0061] In step S4, the foam product produced in step S3 is first pumped into the primary thickener 301 and flocculant is added. The gold-bearing sludge settled at the bottom of the primary thickener 301 is filtered by the filter press 4 to obtain the final gold-bearing powder. The clear water overflowing from the top of the primary thickener 301 is pumped into the secondary thickener 302 for further treatment. The clear water overflowing from the top of the secondary thickener 302 is sequentially fed into the aeration tank 5 and the photolysis tank 6 for treatment. The treated water is then returned to the aforementioned steps for use.

[0062] In this embodiment, the mined ore raw material is first fed into a crushing device for crushing, and then screened by a screening device 11 to obtain granular products that meet the specified particle size. Next, these granular products are fed into a grinding device to obtain powder products. After that, the powder products are transferred to a mixing tank 1, and an appropriate amount of flotation agent is added to the mixing tank 1. The mixing is then started to ensure that the powder and flotation agent are fully mixed. After uniform mixing, the material is sequentially conveyed to the primary flotation machine 201, the first-stage static flotation machine 202, and the second-stage static flotation machine 203. Here, through aeration and stirring, gold minerals are allowed to float to the surface with attached air bubbles, forming foam products and residue products, thereby enriching gold minerals. Through this series of flotation operations, a foam product with high gold purity is obtained.

[0063] Subsequently, the foam product is pumped into the primary thickener 301, along with flocculant. In the primary thickener 301, the sludge gradually settles at the bottom, while the clear water at the top overflows into the secondary thickener 302. The sludge settled at the bottom of the primary thickener 301 is then filtered by the filter press 4 to obtain the final high-purity gold-bearing mineral powder. The secondary thickener 302 further treats the clear water overflowing from the primary thickener 301 by sedimentation. The clear water overflowing from the top then enters the aeration tank 5 and the photolysis tank 6. In the aeration tank 5, air is introduced into the water through aeration equipment to remove some of the organic pollutants that may be present in the water. In the photolysis tank 6, the residual organic impurities in the water are degraded using the principle of photolysis. The treated clear water is then recycled back to the previous crushing, screening, and grinding steps.

[0064] This process achieves efficient hydrometallurgical gold beneficiation. By employing a series of meticulous steps, including crushing, grinding, flotation, sedimentation, and filtration, it ensures the effective separation of gold minerals from other minerals, thereby improving the recovery rate and concentrate quality. Most importantly, it solves the problem of high water consumption in traditional beneficiation processes. Through flocculation, sedimentation, aeration, and photolysis, the water is recycled, reducing production costs and aligning with current environmental protection and water conservation principles. This reduces dependence on water resources and potential environmental pollution, providing strong support for the sustainable development of the hydrometallurgical gold beneficiation industry.

[0065] Furthermore, in step S3, the produced residue product undergoes secondary flotation, and after secondary flotation, foam product and tailings product are produced. The foam product is returned to the primary flotation for further processing, while the tailings product is sent to hydrocyclone 7. After hydrocyclone classification, coarse sand product and fine sand product are obtained. The coarse sand product is filtered to obtain a by-product with a gold content lower than that of gold-bearing ore powder, while the fine sand product is sent to the primary thickener 301 in step S4.

[0066] In this embodiment, after completing the first flotation process—that is, the powder product sequentially passes through the primary flotation machine 201, the first-stage static flotation machine 202, and the second-stage static flotation machine 203, producing froth product and tailings product—a second flotation process is initiated for the tailings product. The tailings product is again fed into the second flotation equipment for aeration, stirring, and reagent addition, allowing any remaining gold minerals to re-attach to bubbles and float to the surface. After the second flotation, new froth product and tailings product are obtained. The newly generated froth product is returned to the starting point of the first flotation process via pipelines or other conveying devices to participate in the flotation enrichment process again. The tailings product is sent to the hydrocyclone 7, where, based on the principle of centrifugal force, the tailings are rapidly cyclone-classified, separating coarse sand product and fine sand product. The coarse sand product is then sent to a filter press, where, after the filter press process, a by-product with a relatively low gold content but still some economic value, lower than that of gold-bearing ore powder, is obtained. The fine sand product is transported through pipelines to the primary thickener 301, where it undergoes subsequent sedimentation, filtration and other treatment processes together with the existing material from the foam product flocculation and sedimentation process in the primary thickener 301.

[0067] Firstly, in terms of resource recycling, the secondary flotation of the residue and the reprocessing of the secondary flotation froth product maximize the extraction of gold resources from the ore, improving the overall gold recovery rate and avoiding waste. Secondly, regarding environmental protection and space utilization, the traditional beneficiation process requires tailings ponds, solving the problem of tailings ponds occupying large amounts of land and reducing land use and potential environmental risks. Furthermore, the hydrocyclone 7's classification of tailings transforms coarse sand into economically valuable byproducts, enabling waste reuse and improving the overall economic efficiency of the beneficiation process. Simultaneously, the rational reuse of fine sand optimizes subsequent processes such as sedimentation and filtration, further promoting the dry discharge, high efficiency, and sustainable development of wet gold beneficiation.

[0068] Furthermore, in step S1, a frame 8 is used, along with a primary crusher 901, a secondary crusher 902, a tertiary crusher 903, a first conveyor belt 1001, a second conveyor belt 1002, a third conveyor belt 1003, and a screening device 11 mounted on the frame 8.

[0069] The height of the input end of the first conveyor belt 1001 and the second conveyor belt 1002 is lower than the height of their output end. The output end of the first conveyor belt 1001 is located above the input end of the second conveyor belt 1002, and the output end of the second conveyor belt 1002 is located above the input end of the first conveyor belt 1001.

[0070] The screening device 11 has a two-layer screen structure, with a primary discharge port 1101, a secondary discharge port 1102 and a tertiary discharge port 1103, which are used to screen out granular products with primary particle size, secondary particle size and tertiary particle size respectively. The particle size of the granular products with primary particle size, secondary particle size and tertiary particle size increases step by step.

[0071] The output ends of the primary crusher 901 and the tertiary crusher 903 are both connected to the input end of the first conveyor belt 1001. The input end of the tertiary crusher 903 is connected to the output end of the second conveyor belt 1002. The input end and output end of the secondary crusher 902 are respectively connected to the tertiary discharge port 1103 and the input end of the second conveyor belt 1002.

[0072] In step S1, the raw material is first fed into the primary crusher 901, and after crushing, it is lifted and conveyed to the screening device 11 by the first conveyor belt 1001. The tertiary particle size product falls directly into the secondary crusher 902. The particle product produced by the secondary crusher 902 and the tertiary particle size product are lifted and conveyed to the tertiary crusher 903 by the second conveyor belt 1002. The particle product produced by the tertiary crusher 903 is returned to the first conveyor belt 1001 and conveyed together with the raw material to the screening device 11. The tertiary particle size product screened out by the screening device 11 is conveyed to step S2 by the third conveyor belt 1003.

[0073] In this embodiment, the entire equipment is constructed based on the frame 8 in the initial crushing and screening step. The raw material is first conveyed to the primary crusher 901 installed on the frame 8. The primary crusher 901 performs the initial crushing operation on the raw material. The crushed material is then lifted and conveyed upwards along the first conveyor belt 1001, which has a certain inclination angle and whose input end height is lower than its output end height, and arrives at the screening device 11, which is also installed on the frame 8. The screening device 11 adopts a two-layer screen structure, which can accurately screen the material into three particle products of different sizes, with the particle sizes increasing from small to large as primary, secondary, and tertiary particle sizes. The tertiary particle products, due to their larger size, fall directly from the screening device 11 into the secondary crusher 902 connected below. The secondary crusher 902 performs secondary crushing on them, and the resulting particle products, along with the secondary particle products screened by the screening device 11, are lifted and conveyed together by the second conveyor belt 1002. It is worth noting that the second conveyor belt 1002 also has an input end height lower than its output end, and its output end is located above the input end of the first conveyor belt 1001. The material is conveyed to the tertiary crusher 903 via the second conveyor belt 1002. After the tertiary crusher 903 completes the third crushing, the produced granular product falls directly onto the first conveyor belt 1001 and is conveyed again to the screening device 11 for a new round of screening along with the newly added raw material. Finally, the granular product of the first-stage particle size screened out by the screening device 11 is smoothly conveyed to step S2 via the third conveyor belt 1003.

[0074] Through this unique equipment layout and workflow, on the one hand, in terms of space utilization, the clever staggered arrangement of the first conveyor belt 1001 and the second conveyor belt 1002 allows materials to flow in different directions without occupying large areas of planar space, effectively reducing the footprint of the entire crushing and screening process and saving valuable site resources for the concentrator. This is especially beneficial for companies with limited space, greatly improving site utilization efficiency. On the other hand, in terms of crushing effect, the multi-stage crushing system composed of multiple crushers ensures that the raw material undergoes repeated crushing and screening. Each crushing operation targets materials that do not meet the particle size standards after the previous screening, ensuring that both large particles and medium-sized particles after preliminary crushing are fully and thoroughly crushed. This lays a solid particle size foundation for subsequent grinding, flotation, and other processes, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of the entire concentrator process and the quality of gold extraction.

[0075] Furthermore, step S2 has two working states: one is to turn on only the first-stage ball mill 1201, and the other is to turn on both the first-stage ball mill 1201 and the second-stage ball mill 1202 simultaneously.

[0076] When only the primary ball mill 1201 is turned on, the primary particle size product first enters the primary ball mill 1201 and is ground into powder product, and then enters the spiral classifier 13 to produce large particle size product and small particle size product. The large particle size product is returned to the primary ball mill 1201, and the small particle size product is sent to step S3 after impurities are removed.

[0077] When the primary ball mill 1201 and the secondary ball mill 1202 are started simultaneously, the particles of the primary size first enter the primary ball mill 1201 and are ground into powder. Then, they enter the spiral classifier 13 to produce large-size and small-size products. The large-size products are sent to the secondary ball mill 1202 and, after secondary ball milling, are sent to the spiral classifier 13. The small-size products are sent to step S3 after impurities are removed.

[0078] In this embodiment, a flexible and versatile working mode is set in step S2. When faced with raw materials of different qualities, the operator can select the working state as needed.

[0079] Firstly, if the raw material quality is relatively good, only conventional grinding is required, in which case only the primary ball mill 1201 is turned on. After being transported from the previous steps, the granular product first enters the primary ball mill 1201, where the high-speed rotating grinding media gradually grinds the particles into powder. Next, the powder enters the spiral classifier 13, which separates the material into large-diameter and small-diameter products based on the principle of centrifugal sedimentation. The large-diameter product, not reaching the required fineness, is returned to the primary ball mill 1201 for further grinding via pipelines or other conveying devices, while the small-diameter product is transported to an impurity screening device to remove impurities before being sent to subsequent flotation operations.

[0080] Secondly, when the raw material quality is poor and a higher product fineness is required, both the primary ball mill 1201 and the secondary ball mill 1202 are operated simultaneously. Similarly, the granular product first enters the primary ball mill 1201 and is ground into powder, then enters the spiral classifier 13 to produce large-diameter and small-diameter products. At this point, the large-diameter product is no longer returned to the primary ball mill 1201, but is sent to the secondary ball mill 1202. The secondary ball mill 1202, with its higher grinding fineness, performs a second round of fine grinding on the large-diameter product, which is then sent back to the spiral classifier 13 for further classification. Finally, the small-diameter product, after impurities are removed, is sent to subsequent flotation operations.

[0081] This design brings numerous advantages to the entire mineral processing flow. First, in terms of adaptability, by providing two operating modes, it can accommodate raw materials of different qualities. For high-quality raw materials, it avoids over-processing, saves energy and equipment wear and tear, and reduces production costs; while for lower-quality raw materials, it improves product fineness, ensures the efficient execution of subsequent flotation and other processes, and guarantees the quality of gold extraction.

[0082] A gold ore beneficiation device is applied to a gold wet beneficiation dry discharge process. The screening device 11 includes a shell 14, a rotating shaft 15, a primary screen 16, and a secondary screen 17. The rotating shaft 15 is oscillating within the shell 14 about its own axis and is arranged along the material conveying direction. The primary screen 16 is mounted on the rotating shaft 15, and the secondary screen 17 is elastically vibrating within the shell 14.

[0083] In this embodiment, the traditional two-stage screening device 11 has two inclined screens, relying on the weight of the material and the vibration of the screens to convey the material forward. Because the material particle size and weight are relatively large during the first-stage screening, the first-stage screen 16, which uses elastic vibration, suffers significant wear and impact, leading to frequent damage and replacement. This device, however, mounts the first-stage screen 16 on a rotating shaft 15, allowing it to swing left and right, greatly reducing the impact force on the screen. This significantly reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement costs, and improves the operational stability and continuity of the equipment.

[0084] Specifically, the shell 14 is rectangular in shape, with a feed inlet at the top, designed in a funnel shape to facilitate ore entry. At the bottom of the shell 14, corresponding to the primary screen 16 and the secondary screen 17, are discharge outlets at different heights to collect products of different particle sizes. A drive device is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 15, which drives the shaft 15 and the primary screen 16 to swing. The secondary screen 17 has a smaller mesh size than the primary screen 16, used to further screen smaller particles of ore falling from the primary screen 16. The secondary screen 17 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 14 via an elastic element, ensuring uniform force distribution during vibration and generating stable elastic vibration.

[0085] During screening, the ore enters through the feed inlet at the top of the shell 14 and first falls onto the primary screen 16. At this time, the drive device drives the rotating shaft 15 to oscillate back and forth, causing the primary screen 16 to oscillate left and right accordingly. The ore rolls down the surface of the primary screen 16 while simultaneously rolling back and forth alternately, forming a zigzag motion trajectory. This motion prolongs the residence time of the ore on the primary screen 16. Ore with larger diameters that do not meet the mesh size requirements of the primary screen 16 remains on the primary screen 16 for further screening, while smaller diameter ore passes through the mesh of the primary screen 16 and falls onto the secondary screen 17. The ore is then screened again on the secondary screen 17.

[0086] Throughout the screening process, the primary screen 16 employs a oscillating mechanism, avoiding the significant wear and impact associated with traditional vibration methods, thus extending its service life while ensuring excellent screening performance. Simultaneously, the left-right oscillation of the primary screen 16 causes the material to be conveyed along a zigzag trajectory, significantly extending the screening time on the primary screen 16 compared to direct downward discharge. This allows more small-diameter ores that meet the mesh size of the primary screen 16 to pass through and enter the secondary screen 17 for further screening, improving screening accuracy and efficiency.

[0087] Furthermore, it also includes a telescopic member 18, a rack 19, and a gear 20. The telescopic member 18 is disposed on the housing 14, the rack 19 is slidably disposed on the housing 14, the telescopic end of the telescopic member 18 is connected to the rack 19, and the gear 20 is coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft 15, and the gear 20 meshes with the rack 19.

[0088] In this embodiment, the telescopic component 18 is preferably a hydraulic telescopic cylinder. When the equipment starts and begins screening, the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder extends and pushes the rack 19 forward. Since the rack 19 meshes with the gear 20, the rack 19 drives the gear 20 and the coaxial rotating shaft 15 to swing clockwise. At this time, the primary screen 16 swings to the right, the ore rolls to the right and slides down along the surface of the primary screen 16, and the ore particles roll and collide with each other, promoting the passage of small-diameter ore through the primary screen 16.

[0089] Once the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder extends to its predetermined stroke, it begins to retract. The piston rod drives the rack 19 to slide backward, which in turn drives the gear 20 and the rotating shaft 15 to swing counterclockwise. The primary screen 16 swings to the left, and the ore changes its direction of movement under the force of the leftward swing, rolling to the left and continuing to be screened. This process is repeated.

[0090] The reciprocating extension and retraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder drives the rack 19 to move back and forth. With the help of the meshing relationship between the rack 19 and the gear 20, the gear 20 is continuously driven to rotate alternately in the forward and reverse directions. This enables the rotating shaft 15 to drive the primary screen 16 to swing alternately in the forward and reverse directions. The ore rolls back and forth on the primary screen 16 continuously, moving slowly downwards in a zigzag trajectory, which prolongs the screening time on the primary screen 16 and ensures a good screening effect.

[0091] Furthermore, it also includes a vibration mechanism 21, which is used to drive the secondary screen 17 to vibrate.

[0092] The vibration mechanism 21 includes a swing frame 2101, a vibration motor 2102, and striking rollers 2103. The swing frame 2101 is Y-shaped, with an upper left end, an upper right end, and a lower end. The middle of the swing frame 2101 is hinged to the housing 14. The vibration motor 2102 is located at the lower end of the swing frame 2101. There are two striking rollers 2103, which are rotatably located at the upper left and upper right ends of the swing frame 2101, respectively.

[0093] After the vibration motor 2102 is started, it is used to provide the force for the swing frame 2101 to swing. After the swing frame 2101 swings, it is used to make the two striking rollers 2103 alternately strike the secondary screen 17.

[0094] In this embodiment, after the screening device 11 is started, centrifugal force is generated as the eccentric block inside the vibrating motor 2102 rotates at high speed. Since the vibrating motor 2102 is fixed to the lower end of the swing frame 2101, according to the lever principle, this centrifugal force is converted into a power that causes the swing frame 2101 to swing left and right around the hinge point. When the swing frame 2101 swings left and right, the striking rollers 2103 at its upper left and upper right ends move synchronously. The two striking rollers 2103 alternately strike the secondary screen 17 under the drive of the swing frame 2101, causing the secondary screen 17 to produce up-and-down elastic vibration.

[0095] Ore particles passing through the primary screen 16 fall onto the vibrating secondary screen 17. The ore is subjected to constantly changing elastic forces, causing the particles to tumble and jump violently. Smaller particles pass through the mesh of the secondary screen 17 and fall out from the corresponding discharge port, completing the secondary fine screening. Larger particles that do not meet the mesh requirements of the secondary screen 17 move along the surface of the secondary screen 17 to another discharge port.

[0096] In traditional screening equipment, the screen and screen box vibrate as a whole, requiring the driving element to overcome significant mass inertia and consuming a large amount of electrical energy. This solution separates the secondary screen 17 from the shell 14, with the vibration mechanism 21 driving the secondary screen 17 independently. This only requires overcoming the inertia of the secondary screen 17 itself, resulting in a shorter energy transmission path, less energy loss, and effectively improved production efficiency. Previously, when the screen and screen box vibrated as a whole, the entire device generated considerable noise, causing noise pollution to the surrounding environment. In this solution, the shell 14 does not vibrate with the secondary screen 17, greatly reducing the number of vibration sources and the possibility of vibration amplitude being transmitted to the shell 14, fundamentally reducing noise generation.

[0097] Furthermore, the inner wall of the housing 14 has an arc-shaped groove 22, and the two sides of the primary screen 16 slide within the arc-shaped groove 22. It also includes a spring 23, with the two ends of the spring 23 connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 22 and the primary screen 16, respectively.

[0098] In this embodiment, during screening, the rotating shaft 15 drives the primary screen 16 to swing left and right to perform the screening operation. The two side edges of the primary screen 16 are attached to the arc-shaped groove 22 on the inner wall of the housing 14. The arc-shaped groove 22 is designed according to the movement trajectory of the primary screen 16 during swinging to ensure that the screen will not deviate or shake during the swinging process and will always move smoothly along the arc-shaped path.

[0099] Due to the presence of the arc-shaped groove 22, the primary screen 16 remains in close contact with the inner wall of the housing 14 during the oscillation process, without any gaps, effectively preventing ore from leaking through gaps and failing to undergo sufficient screening. The buffering and supporting effect of the spring 23 reduces the damage to the equipment structure caused by the impact force on the primary screen 16, and avoids excessive concentration of impact force in local areas.

[0100] Furthermore, it also includes an inner water supply pipe 24, an outer water supply pipe 25, an atomizing nozzle 26, and a high-pressure nozzle 27. The inner water supply pipe 24 is disposed on the inner wall of the housing 14 and located within the arc-shaped groove 22. The inner water supply pipe 24 is used to connect to an external water supply device. The inner water supply pipe 24 has an atomizing water supply hole 28 and a high-pressure water supply hole 29. The outer water supply pipe 25 is rotatably disposed outside the inner water supply pipe 24. The atomizing nozzle 26 and the high-pressure nozzle 27 are both disposed on the outer water supply pipe 25. The atomizing nozzle 26 and the high-pressure nozzle 27 both face the bottom surface of the primary screen 16. After the outer water supply pipe 25 is rotated, it is used to connect the atomizing water supply hole 28 to the atomizing nozzle 26, or to connect the high-pressure water supply hole 29 to the high-pressure nozzle 27.

[0101] In this embodiment, when the equipment is working normally, the outer water supply pipe 25 is in its initial position, and at this time, the atomizing water supply hole 28 on the inner water supply pipe 24 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 26. The external water supply device supplies water at a lower pressure, and the water enters the atomizing nozzle 26 through the atomizing water supply hole 28 of the inner water supply pipe 24. The atomizing nozzle 26 atomizes the water and sprays it onto the bottom surface of the primary screen 16. At this time, the water mist can effectively suppress the dust generated by the primary screen 16 during the screening process, keep the inside of the housing 14 in a relatively clean environment, and reduce the pollution and wear of dust on the internal components of the equipment.

[0102] After the equipment has been running for a period of time, if partial blockage is found in the primary screen 16, or if cleaning of the primary screen 16 is required according to the preset time interval, the water supply pipe 25 is driven to rotate via manual or automatic control, connecting the high-pressure water supply hole 29 of the inner water supply pipe 24 to the high-pressure nozzle 27. Simultaneously, the water pressure of the external water supply device is increased, and high-pressure water enters the high-pressure nozzle 27 through the high-pressure water supply hole 29. The high-pressure nozzle 27 sprays a relatively concentrated and powerful water flow towards the bottom surface of the primary screen 16. During the rinsing process, the reciprocating oscillation of the primary screen 16 allows the water flow to cover the entire bottom surface of the primary screen 16 or focus on rinsing blocked areas. Because the water supply pipe 25 is laid within the arc-shaped groove 22, ore particles will not come into contact with the water supply pipe 25 and the nozzle, preventing damage to the nozzle or affecting normal screening operations. After rinsing, the water supply pipe 25 is rotated back to its initial position, restoring the working state of the atomizing nozzle 26 and continuing dust suppression operations.

[0103] The inner water supply pipe 24 is fixedly installed within the arc-shaped groove 22, secured by welding or pipe clamps to ensure its stable position. The inner diameter of the outer water supply pipe 25 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner water supply pipe 24, allowing it to rotate relative to the inner water supply pipe 24. The connection between the outer water supply pipe 25 and the atomizing nozzle 26 and the high-pressure nozzle 27 is a sealed threaded connection, ensuring a tight and leak-free connection.

[0104] Compared to the traditional method of simply installing nozzles on the outside of the housing 14, this method can more directly and effectively suppress the dust generated by the primary screen 16 during the screening process. The high-pressure nozzle 27 provides a convenient and effective means of cleaning the primary screen 16. When the primary screen 16 becomes clogged, it can be switched to high-pressure flushing mode in time, using the impact force of the high-pressure water flow to flush away the ore particles blocking the screen holes and restore the screening performance of the primary screen 16.

[0105] Furthermore, the outer water supply pipe 25 has a locking part 30, and the inner water supply pipe 24 has a limiting part 31. There are two limiting parts 31, and the locking part 30 is located between the two limiting parts 31 to limit the extreme position of the sliding of the outer water supply pipe 25.

[0106] In this embodiment, when the water supply outer pipe 25 rotates to the working position of the atomizing nozzle 26 and the working position of the high-pressure nozzle 27, it will abut against the two limiting parts 31 respectively. The setting of the two limiting parts 31 ensures the accuracy of the water supply outer pipe 25 in the working positions of the atomizing nozzle 26 and the high-pressure nozzle 27, and avoids the problem of poor communication between the nozzle and the water supply inner pipe 24 caused by the deviation of the rotation position of the water supply outer pipe 25.

[0107] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry stacking process for wet gold beneficiation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Crushing and Screening: The raw materials are crushed and screened to obtain granular products that meet the specified particle size. S2 Grinding: Grind the granular product obtained in step S1, and then remove the impurities to obtain the powder product. S3 Flotation: The powder product obtained in step S2 is subjected to reagent addition and flotation treatment, and the gold-containing foam product is floated out; S4 Thickening and Filtration: The foam product in step S3 is subjected to flocculation and sedimentation treatment. The gold-bearing sludge at the bottom is filtered to obtain the final gold-bearing powder. The clear water overflowing from the top is treated by aeration and photolysis and then returned to the aforementioned steps for use. In step S3, the powder product obtained in step S2 is first sent into the mixing tank (1). A flotation agent is added to the mixing tank (1), and after stirring, a flotation is performed. The product passes through the primary flotation machine (201), the first-stage static flotation machine (202), and the second-stage static flotation machine (203) in the first flotation to produce foam products and residue products. In step S4, the foam product produced in step S3 is first pumped into a primary thickener (301) and flocculant is added. The gold-bearing sludge settled at the bottom of the primary thickener (301) is filtered by a filter press (4) to obtain the final gold-bearing powder. The clear water overflowing from the top of the primary thickener (301) is pumped into a secondary thickener (302) for further treatment. The clear water overflowing from the top of the secondary thickener (302) enters the aeration tank (5) and the photolysis tank (6) in sequence for treatment. The treated water is returned to the aforementioned steps for use. In step S1, a frame (8) and a primary crusher (901), a secondary crusher (902), a tertiary crusher (903), a first conveyor belt (1001), a second conveyor belt (1002), a third conveyor belt (1003), and a screening device (11) are used. The height of the input end of the first conveyor belt (1001) and the second conveyor belt (1002) is lower than the height of their output ends. The output end of the first conveyor belt (1001) is located above the input end of the second conveyor belt (1002), and the output end of the second conveyor belt (1002) is located above the input end of the first conveyor belt (1001). The screening device (11) has a two-layer screen structure, with a primary discharge port (1101), a secondary discharge port (1102) and a tertiary discharge port (1103), which are used to screen out granular products with primary particle size, secondary particle size and tertiary particle size respectively. The particle size of the granular products with primary particle size, secondary particle size and tertiary particle size increases step by step. The output ends of the primary crusher (901) and the tertiary crusher (903) are both connected to the input end of the first conveyor belt (1001). The input end of the tertiary crusher (903) is connected to the output end of the second conveyor belt (1002). The input end and output end of the secondary crusher (902) are respectively connected to the tertiary discharge port (1103) and the input end of the second conveyor belt (1002). In step S1, the raw material is first fed into the primary crusher (901), and after crushing, it is lifted and conveyed to the screening device (11) by the first conveyor belt (1001). The granular products of the third particle size fall directly into the secondary crusher (902). The granular products produced by the secondary crusher (902) and the granular products of the second particle size are lifted and conveyed to the tertiary crusher (903) by the second conveyor belt (1002). The granular products produced by the tertiary crusher (903) are returned to the first conveyor belt (1001) and conveyed together with the raw material to the screening device (11). The granular products of the first particle size screened out by the screening device (11) are conveyed to step S2 by the third conveyor belt (1003).

2. The dry stacking process for wet gold beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the produced residue product undergoes secondary flotation. After secondary flotation, foam product and tailings product are produced. The foam product is returned to the primary flotation for further processing, while the tailings product is sent to a hydrocyclone (7). After hydrocyclone classification, coarse sand product and fine sand product are obtained. The coarse sand product is filtered to obtain a by-product with a gold content lower than that of gold-bearing ore powder. The fine sand product is sent to the primary thickener (301) in step S4.

3. The dry stacking process for wet gold beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 has two working states: one is to turn on only the first-stage ball mill (1201), and the other is to turn on both the first-stage ball mill (1201) and the second-stage ball mill (1202) simultaneously. When only the primary ball mill (1201) is turned on, the primary particle size product first enters the primary ball mill (1201) and is ground into powder product, and then enters the spiral classifier (13) to produce large particle size product and small particle size product. The large particle size product is returned to the primary ball mill (1201), and the small particle size product is sent to step S3 after impurities are removed. When the primary ball mill (1201) and the secondary ball mill (1202) are started simultaneously, the primary particle size product first enters the primary ball mill (1201) and is ground into powder product, and then enters the spiral classifier (13) to produce large particle size product and small particle size product. The large particle size product is sent to the secondary ball mill (1202), and after secondary ball milling, it is sent to the spiral classifier (13). The small particle size product is sent to step S3 after impurities are removed.

4. A gold ore beneficiation equipment, applied to the dry stacking process of gold wet beneficiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screening device (11) includes a housing (14), a rotating shaft (15), a primary screen (16) and a secondary screen (17). The rotating shaft (15) is oscillating around its own axis and is arranged inside the housing (14). The rotating shaft (15) is arranged along the material conveying direction. The primary screen (16) is located on the rotating shaft (15). The secondary screen (17) is elastically vibrating inside the housing (14).

5. The gold ore beneficiation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a telescopic component (18), a rack (19) and a gear (20). The telescopic component (18) is disposed on the housing (14), the rack (19) is slidably disposed on the housing (14), the telescopic end of the telescopic component (18) is connected to the rack (19), and the gear (20) is coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft (15) and meshes with the rack (19).

6. The gold ore beneficiation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a vibration mechanism (21) for driving the secondary screen (17) to vibrate. The vibration mechanism (21) includes a swing frame (2101), a vibration motor (2102), and striking rollers (2103). The swing frame (2101) is Y-shaped, with an upper left end, an upper right end, and a lower end. The middle part of the swing frame (2101) is hinged to the housing (14). The vibration motor (2102) is located at the lower end of the swing frame (2101). There are two striking rollers (2103), which are rotatably located at the upper left end and the upper right end of the swing frame (2101), respectively. After the vibration motor (2102) is started, it is used to provide the force for the swing frame (2101) to swing. After the swing frame (2101) swings, it is used to make the two striking rollers (2103) alternately strike the secondary screen (17).

7. A gold ore beneficiation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (14) has an arc groove (22), and the two sides of the primary screen (16) slide in the arc groove (22). It also includes a spring (23), and the two ends of the spring (23) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the arc groove (22) and the primary screen (16).

8. A gold ore beneficiation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an inner water supply pipe (24), an outer water supply pipe (25), an atomizing nozzle (26), and a high-pressure nozzle (27). The inner water supply pipe (24) is located on the inner wall of the housing (14) and within the arc-shaped groove (22). The inner water supply pipe (24) is used to connect to an external water supply device. The inner water supply pipe (24) has an atomizing water supply hole (28) and a high-pressure water supply hole (29). The outer water supply pipe (25) is rotatably mounted on the water supply pipe. Outside the inner tube (24), the atomizing nozzle (26) and the high-pressure nozzle (27) are both located on the water supply outer tube (25). The atomizing nozzle (26) and the high-pressure nozzle (27) are both facing the bottom surface of the primary screen (16). After the water supply outer tube (25) is rotated, it is used to connect the atomizing water supply hole (28) to the atomizing nozzle (26) or to connect the high-pressure water supply hole (29) to the high-pressure nozzle (27).

9. A gold ore beneficiation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer water pipe (25) has a locking part (30), and the inner water pipe (24) has a limiting part (31). There are two limiting parts (31), and the locking part (30) is located between the two limiting parts (31) to limit the extreme position of the sliding of the outer water pipe (25).

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