A flotation method for lead-zinc ore to enhance the recovery of fine-grained galena.

Abstract

This invention discloses a flotation method for lead-zinc ore to enhance the recovery of fine-grained galena, comprising the following steps: grinding the raw ore finely, adding sulfur inhibitor, zinc inhibitor, lead collector, lead flocculant and frother sequentially, and then flotating to obtain lead concentrate; adding sulfur inhibitor, zinc activator, zinc collector and frother sequentially to the lead tailings, and then flotating to obtain zinc concentrate. This invention features a simple process flow, is easy for industrial production, and is highly adaptable to grinding products containing fine-grained galena. It can improve the flotation recovery rate of fine-grained galena, ensure the quality of zinc concentrate, and obtain better lead-zinc flotation indicators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mineral processing engineering technology, and specifically relates to a flotation method for lead-zinc ore that enhances the recovery of fine-grained galena. Background Technology

[0002] Lead metal possesses excellent properties such as low melting point, high density, and high plasticity, and is widely used in automobiles, electronics, batteries, and construction. Lead sulfide minerals, represented by galena, are the main source of lead metal recovery. With the vigorous development of high-grade, easily recoverable lead sulfide resources, these resources are now characterized by being "poor, fine-grained, and complex," with diverse ore types and compositions. Galena and other lead sulfide minerals have fine particle sizes, requiring increased grinding fineness to obtain liberated galena particles. Furthermore, galena is brittle and prone to over-grinding during grinding, leading to the formation of large quantities of fine-grained galena. Due to their small size and low momentum, even after adsorption by collectors, these fine-grained galena particles struggle to break through the hydration film and adhere to the bubble surface to float. Therefore, efficient recovery of such fine-grained galena is impossible. Developing efficient flotation recovery technologies for fine-grained galena is crucial to improving lead resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flotation method for lead-zinc ore that enhances the recovery of fine-grained galena, thus solving the problem of low flotation recovery rate of fine-grained galena in lead-zinc sulfide ores.

[0004] This invention provides a flotation method for lead-zinc ore to enhance the recovery of fine-grained galena, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Crush and grind the raw ore to obtain the ground ore product;

[0006] S2. The grinding product obtained in step S1 is subjected to lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0007] S3. The lead roughing concentrate is subjected to three lead cleaning processes to obtain lead concentrate;

[0008] S4. The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging, zinc roughing, three zinc cleaning and two zinc scavenging to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the -0.074mm particle size accounts for 80% to 90% of the grinding product.

[0010] In this invention, the unit of measurement for the addition of the reagent, g / t, is based on the mass of the raw ore.

[0011] Further, in step S2, the reagent system for lead roughing is as follows: sulfur inhibitor, zinc inhibitor, lead collector, lead flocculant, and foaming agent are added sequentially; the sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the addition amount is 1000~5000g / t; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite is 3:1, and the specific addition amount of zinc inhibitor is: 600~2100g / t of zinc sulfate and 200~700g / t of sodium metabisulfite;

[0012] The lead collector is a combination of butylammonium black powder and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butylammonium black powder to alkyl thiocarbamate is (7~27):3, and the amount of lead collector added is 50~100g / t; the alkyl thiocarbamate is one of dibutyl dithiocarbamate and bibenzyl dithiocarbamate; the lead flocculant is polyvinyl ether, and the amount added is 10~30g / t; the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl methanol, and the amount added is 10~30g / t.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the three lead refining processes specifically involve:

[0014] Sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor were added to the lead roughing concentrate for the first lead cleaning process, resulting in lead cleaning concentrate 1 and lead cleaning tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was one-fifth of that in the lead roughing process. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with a mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite of 3:1. The amount of zinc inhibitor added was half that in the lead roughing process.

[0015] A second lead refining process was carried out by adding sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor to lead concentrate 1, resulting in lead concentrate 2 and lead tailings 2. Lead tailings 2 were returned to the first lead refining process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was half of that in the first lead refining process. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite was 3:1, and the amount added was half of that in the first lead refining process.

[0016] The lead concentrate 1 is subjected to a third lead refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings 3; the lead tailings 3 are returned to the second lead refining process.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S4, the lead scanning specifically involves:

[0018] Lead roughing tailings are added to a lead collector for the first lead scavenging to obtain lead scavenged concentrate 1 and lead scavenged tailings 1. Lead scavenged concentrate 1 and lead scavenged tailings 1 are returned to lead roughing. The lead collector is a combination of butyl ammonium black and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butyl ammonium black to alkyl thiocarbamate is (7~27):3, and the amount of lead collector added is half that of lead roughing.

[0019] Lead scavenging tailings 1 are added to a lead collector for a second lead scavenging process, yielding lead scavenging concentrate 2 and lead scavenging tailings 2. Lead scavenging concentrate 2 is returned to the first lead scavenging process. The lead collector is a combination of butylammonium black and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butylammonium black to alkyl thiocarbamate is (7~27):3, and the amount of lead collector added is half that of the first lead scavenging process.

[0020] The zinc coarse selection specifically involves:

[0021] Lead scavenging tailings 2 are sequentially treated with sulfur inhibitor, zinc activator, zinc collector, and frother for zinc roughing to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings. The sulfur inhibitor is lime, with an addition amount of 500~2000 g / t; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, with an addition amount of 200~400 g / t; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, with an addition amount of 50~120 g / t; and the frother is at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl methanol, with an addition amount of 10~30 g / t.

[0022] The three-stage zinc selection process specifically involves:

[0023] The zinc roughing concentrate was treated with a sulfur inhibitor for the first zinc cleaning process, resulting in zinc cleaned concentrate 1 and zinc cleaned tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was half that of the zinc roughing concentrate.

[0024] Zinc concentrate 1 is treated with a sulfur inhibitor for a second zinc treatment, resulting in zinc concentrate 2 and zinc tailings 2. Zinc tailings 2 are returned to the first zinc treatment. The sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount added is half that of the first zinc treatment.

[0025] Zinc concentrate 2 is subjected to a third zinc refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings 3; zinc tailings 3 are returned to the second zinc refining process.

[0026] The two zinc sweeps are specifically as follows:

[0027] The zinc roughing tailings are added to a zinc collector for the first zinc scavenging to obtain zinc scavenged concentrate 1 and zinc scavenged tailings 1; zinc scavenged concentrate 1 and zinc fine tailings 1 are combined and returned to the zinc roughing process; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount added is half that of the zinc roughing process.

[0028] Zinc scavenging tailings 1 are added to a zinc collector for a second zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc scavenging concentrate 2 and tailings; zinc scavenging concentrate 2 is returned to the first zinc scavenging process. The zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount added is half of that in the first zinc scavenging process.

[0029] Adding lead collectors to the slurry, such as butylamine black and alkyl thiocarbamate, promotes synergistic adsorption on the surface of fine-grained galena, improving its hydrophobicity. Adding lead flocculant polyethylene ether further enhances this effect. The hydrophobic interaction between the collector and flocculant on the surface of the fine-grained galena results in the aggregation of multiple galena particles on the flocculant molecular chain, effectively increasing the apparent particle size of the fine-grained galena. These flocculent particles possess significant momentum, enabling them to break through the hydration film on the bubble surface and adhere, thus achieving the flotation of the fine-grained galena.

[0030] The lead-zinc ore flotation method provided by this invention is highly adaptable to grinding products containing fine-grained galena, which can enhance the flotation recovery of fine-grained galena, improve the utilization rate of lead resources, reduce the impact on the quality of zinc concentrate, and help achieve efficient flotation separation and recovery of lead and zinc resources.

[0031] The process of this invention is simple and easy to industrially produce. It is highly adaptable to grinding products containing fine-grained galena, and can improve the flotation recovery rate of fine-grained galena, ensure the quality of zinc concentrate, and obtain better lead-zinc flotation indicators. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, application methods, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Example

[0034] A certain lead-zinc sulfide ore has a Pb grade of 5.14% and a Zn grade of 15.23%. The specific flotation process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0035] 1) The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the resulting ground product contains 80% particles of -0.074 mm size;

[0036] 2) Add the grinding product obtained in step 1) sequentially with 5000 g / t lime, 2100 g / t zinc sulfate, 700 g / t sodium sulfite, 100 g / t lead collector (butylamine black powder and dibutyl dithiocarbamate in a mass ratio of 7:3), 30 g / t lead flocculant (polyethylene ether), and 30 g / t pine oil to carry out lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0037] 3) Sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor were added to the lead roughing concentrate for the first lead cleaning process to obtain lead clean concentrate 1 and lead clean tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, with an addition amount of 1000 g / t. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with a mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite of 3:1. The addition amount of zinc inhibitor was 1050 g / t of zinc sulfate and 350 g / t of sodium metabisulfite.

[0038] A second lead refining process was carried out by adding sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor to lead concentrate 1, resulting in lead concentrate 2 and lead tailings 2. Lead tailings 2 were returned to the first lead refining process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, with an addition amount of 500 g / t. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with a mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite of 3:1. The addition amounts of the zinc inhibitor were 525 g / t of zinc sulfate and 175 g / t of sodium metabisulfite.

[0039] The lead concentrate 1 is subjected to a third lead refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings 3; the lead tailings 3 are returned to the second lead refining process.

[0040] 4) The lead roughing tailings are added to a lead collector for the first lead scavenging to obtain lead scavenging concentrate 1 and lead scavenging tailings 1; lead scavenging concentrate 1 and lead scavenging tailings 1 are returned to the lead roughing process; the lead collector is a combination of butyl ammonium black powder and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butyl ammonium black powder to alkyl thiocarbamate is 7:3, and the amount of lead collector added is 50g / t;

[0041] Lead scavenging tailings 1 were added to a lead collector for a second lead scavenging process, yielding lead scavenging concentrate 2 and lead scavenging tailings 2. Lead scavenging concentrate 2 was returned to the first lead scavenging process. The lead collector was a combination of butanol and alkyl thiocarbamate, with a mass ratio of butanol to alkyl thiocarbamate of 7:3, and an addition amount of 25 g / t.

[0042] Lead scavenging tailings 2 were sequentially treated with sulfur inhibitor, zinc activator, zinc collector, and frother for zinc roughing to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, added at a rate of 2000 g / t; the zinc activator was copper sulfate, added at a rate of 400 g / t; the zinc collector was butyl xanthate, added at a rate of 120 g / t; and the frother was pine oil, added at a rate of 30 g / t.

[0043] The zinc roughing concentrate was treated with a sulfur inhibitor for the first zinc cleaning process, resulting in zinc cleaned concentrate 1 and zinc cleaned tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was 1000 g / t.

[0044] Zinc concentrate 1 was subjected to a second zinc purification process by adding a sulfur inhibitor, resulting in zinc concentrate 2 and zinc tailings 2. Zinc tailings 2 were returned to the first zinc purification process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the addition amount was 500 g / t.

[0045] Zinc concentrate 2 is subjected to a third zinc purification without the addition of reagents to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings 3; zinc tailings 3 are returned to the second zinc purification.

[0046] The zinc roughing tailings are added to a zinc collector for the first zinc scavenging to obtain zinc scavenging concentrate 1 and zinc scavenging tailings 1; zinc scavenging concentrate 1 and zinc fine tailings 1 are combined and returned to the zinc roughing process; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 60g / t.

[0047] Zinc scavenging tailings 1 were added to a zinc collector for a second zinc scavenging process, yielding zinc scavenging concentrate 2 and tailings; zinc scavenging concentrate 2 was returned to the first zinc scavenging process. The zinc collector was butyl xanthate, added at a rate of 30 g / t; the final results are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1 Flotation test results / %

[0049] All other conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that no lead flocculant was added. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Table 2 Flotation Test Results / %

[0051] All other conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the lead collector was only butylamine black powder, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0052] Table 3 Flotation test results / % Example

[0053] A certain lead-zinc sulfide ore has a Pb grade of 3.16% and a Zn grade of 7.88%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0054] 1) The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the resulting ground product contains 90% particles of -0.074 mm size;

[0055] 2) Add the grinding product obtained in step 1) sequentially with 1000 g / t lime, 1500 g / t zinc sulfate, 500 g / t sodium sulfite, 70 g / t lead collector (butylamine black powder and dibutyl dithiocarbamate in a mass ratio of 9:1), 20 g / t lead flocculant (polyethylene ether), and 20 g / t methyl isobutyl methanol to carry out lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0056] 3) Sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor were added to the lead roughing concentrate for the first lead cleaning process to obtain lead cleaning concentrate 1 and lead cleaning tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the addition amount was 200 g / t. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite was 3:1, and the addition amount of zinc inhibitor was 750 g / t of zinc sulfate and 250 g / t of sodium metabisulfite.

[0057] A second lead refining process was carried out by adding sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor to lead concentrate 1, resulting in lead concentrate 2 and lead tailings 2. Lead tailings 2 were returned to the first lead refining process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, with an addition amount of 100 g / t. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with a mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite of 3:1. The addition amounts of the zinc inhibitor were: 375 g / t of zinc sulfate and 125 g / t of sodium metabisulfite.

[0058] The lead concentrate 1 is subjected to a third lead refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings 3; the lead tailings 3 are returned to the second lead refining process.

[0059] 4) The lead roughing tailings are added to a lead collector for the first lead scavenging to obtain lead scavenging concentrate 1 and lead scavenging tailings 1; lead scavenging concentrate 1 and lead scavenging tailings 1 are returned to the lead roughing process; the lead collector is a combination of butylammonium black powder and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butylammonium black powder to alkyl thiocarbamate is 9:1, and the amount of lead collector added is 35g / t;

[0060] Lead scavenging tailings 1 were added to a lead collector for a second lead scavenging process, yielding lead scavenging concentrate 2 and lead scavenging tailings 2. Lead scavenging concentrate 2 was returned to the first lead scavenging process. The lead collector was a combination of butylammonium black and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butylammonium black to alkyl thiocarbamate was 9:1, and the amount of lead collector added was 17.5 g / t.

[0061] Lead scavenging tailings 2 were sequentially treated with sulfur inhibitor, zinc activator, zinc collector, and frother for zinc roughing to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, added at a rate of 500 g / t; the zinc activator was copper sulfate, added at a rate of 300 g / t; the zinc collector was butyl xanthate, added at a rate of 100 g / t; and the frother was methyl isobutyl methanol, added at a rate of 20 g / t.

[0062] The zinc roughing concentrate was treated with a sulfur inhibitor for the first zinc cleaning process, resulting in zinc cleaned concentrate 1 and zinc cleaned tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was 250 g / t.

[0063] Zinc concentrate 1 was subjected to a second zinc purification process by adding a sulfur inhibitor, resulting in zinc concentrate 2 and zinc tailings 2. Zinc tailings 2 were returned to the first zinc purification process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the addition amount was 125 g / t.

[0064] Zinc concentrate 2 is subjected to a third zinc purification without the addition of reagents to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings 3; zinc tailings 3 are returned to the second zinc purification.

[0065] The zinc roughing tailings are added to a zinc collector for the first zinc scavenging to obtain zinc scavenging concentrate 1 and zinc scavenging tailings 1; zinc scavenging concentrate 1 and zinc fine tailings 1 are combined and returned to the zinc roughing process; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 50g / t.

[0066] Zinc scavenging tailings 1 were added to a zinc collector for a second zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc scavenging concentrate 2 and tailings; zinc scavenging concentrate 2 was returned to the first zinc scavenging process. The zinc collector was butyl xanthate, and the addition amount was 25 g / t; the test results are shown in Table 4.

[0067] Table 4 Flotation Test Results / %

[0068] All other conditions were the same as in Example 2, except that no lead flocculant was added. The test results are shown in Table 5.

[0069] Table 5 Flotation Test Results / %

[0070] All other conditions were the same as in Example 2, except that no lead flocculant was added. The test results are shown in Table 6.

[0071] Table 6 Flotation Test Results / % Example

[0072] A certain lead-zinc sulfide ore has a Pb grade of 2.03% and a Zn grade of 4.22%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0073] 1) The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the resulting ground product contains 85% particles of -0.074 mm size;

[0074] 2) Add the grinding product obtained in step 1) sequentially with 3000 g / t lime, 600 g / t zinc sulfate, 200 g / t sodium sulfite, 50 g / t lead collector (butylamine black powder and dibutyl dithiocarbamate in a mass ratio of 8:2), 10 g / t lead flocculant (polyethylene ether), and 10 g / t pine oil to carry out lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings;

[0075] 3) Sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor were added to the lead roughing concentrate for the first lead cleaning process to obtain lead cleaning concentrate 1 and lead cleaning tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the addition amount was 600 g / t. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite was 3:1, and the addition amount of zinc inhibitor was 300 g / t of zinc sulfate and 100 g / t of sodium metabisulfite.

[0076] A second lead refining process was carried out by adding sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor to lead concentrate 1, resulting in lead concentrate 2 and lead tailings 2. Lead tailings 2 were returned to the first lead refining process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, with an addition amount of 300 g / t. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with a mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite of 3:1. The addition amount of zinc inhibitor was 150 g / t of zinc sulfate and 50 g / t of sodium metabisulfite.

[0077] The lead concentrate 1 is subjected to a third lead refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings 3; the lead tailings 3 are returned to the second lead refining process.

[0078] 4) The lead roughing tailings are added to a lead collector for the first lead scavenging to obtain lead scavenging concentrate 1 and lead scavenging tailings 1; lead scavenging concentrate 1 and lead scavenging tailings 1 are returned to the lead roughing process; the lead collector is a combination of butyl ammonium black powder and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butyl ammonium black powder to alkyl thiocarbamate is 8:2, and the amount of lead collector added is 25g / t;

[0079] Lead scavenging tailings 1 were added to a lead collector for a second lead scavenging process, yielding lead scavenging concentrate 2 and lead scavenging tailings 2. Lead scavenging concentrate 2 was returned to the first lead scavenging process. The lead collector was a combination of butanol and alkyl thiocarbamate, with a mass ratio of butanol to alkyl thiocarbamate of 8:2, and an addition amount of 12.5 g / t.

[0080] Lead scavenging tailings 2 were sequentially treated with sulfur inhibitor, zinc activator, zinc collector, and frother for zinc roughing to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, added at a rate of 1000 g / t; the zinc activator was copper sulfate, added at a rate of 200 g / t; the zinc collector was butyl xanthate, added at a rate of 50 g / t; and the frother was pine oil, added at a rate of 10 g / t.

[0081] The zinc roughing concentrate was treated with a sulfur inhibitor for the first zinc cleaning process, yielding zinc cleaned concentrate 1 and zinc cleaned tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the addition amount was 500 g / t.

[0082] Zinc concentrate 1 was subjected to a second zinc purification process by adding a sulfur inhibitor, resulting in zinc concentrate 2 and zinc tailings 2. Zinc tailings 2 were returned to the first zinc purification process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the addition amount was 250 g / t.

[0083] Zinc concentrate 2 is subjected to a third zinc purification without the addition of reagents to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings 3; zinc tailings 3 are returned to the second zinc purification.

[0084] The zinc roughing tailings are added to a zinc collector for the first zinc scavenging to obtain zinc scavenged concentrate 1 and zinc scavenged tailings 1; zinc scavenged concentrate 1 and zinc fine tailings 1 are combined and returned to the zinc roughing process; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 25g / t.

[0085] Zinc scavenging tailings 1 were added to a zinc collector for a second zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc scavenging concentrate 2 and tailings; zinc scavenging concentrate 2 was returned to the first zinc scavenging process. The zinc collector was butyl xanthate, and the addition amount was 12.5 g / t; the test results are shown in Table 7.

[0086] Table 7 Flotation Test Results / %

[0087] All other conditions were the same as in Example 3, except that no lead flocculant was added. The test results are shown in Table 8.

[0088] Table 8 Flotation Test Results / %

[0089] All other conditions were the same as in Example 3, except that no lead flocculant was added. The test results are shown in Table 9.

[0090] Table 9 Flotation Test Results / %

[0091] In summary, using a combination of butylamine black and alkyl thiocarbamate as the lead collector and polyvinyl ether as the lead flocculant can achieve a high lead recovery rate and a high zinc grade. When using only butylamine black as the lead collector, or without adding polyvinyl ether, the lead recovery rate in the lead concentrate decreases, some fine-grained galena cannot float, and the zinc grade in the zinc concentrate decreases, making it difficult to achieve efficient separation and recovery of lead and zinc resources.

Claims

1. A flotation method for lead-zinc ore to enhance the recovery of fine-grained galena, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Crush and grind the raw ore to obtain the ground ore product; S2. The grinding product obtained in step S1 is subjected to lead roughing to obtain lead roughing concentrate and lead roughing tailings; S3. The lead roughing concentrate is subjected to three lead cleaning processes to obtain lead concentrate; S4. The lead roughing tailings are subjected to two lead scavenging, zinc roughing, three zinc cleaning and two zinc scavenging to obtain zinc concentrate and tailings; In step S2, the reagent formulation for lead roughing is as follows: sulfur inhibitor, zinc inhibitor, lead collector, lead flocculant, and foaming agent are added sequentially; the sulfur inhibitor is lime; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite; the lead collector is a combination of butylammonium black and alkyl thiocarbamate; the lead flocculant is polyvinyl ether; and the foaming agent is at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl methanol.

2. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the -0.074mm particle size accounts for 80% to 90% of the grinding product.

3. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the reagent system for lead roughing is as follows: sulfur inhibitor, zinc inhibitor, lead collector, lead flocculant, and frother are added sequentially; the sulfur inhibitor is added at a rate of 1000-5000 g / t; the zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with zinc sulfate added at a rate of 600-2100 g / t and sodium metabisulfite added at a rate of 200-700 g / t; the lead collector is added at a rate of 50-100 g / t; the lead flocculant is added at a rate of 10-30 g / t; and the frother is added at a rate of 10-30 g / t.

4. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 3, characterized in that, The zinc inhibitor is a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite is 3:1; the lead collector is a combination of butylammonium black powder and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butylammonium black powder to alkyl thiocarbamate is (7~27):3; the alkyl thiocarbamate is one of dibutyl dithiocarbamate and bibenzyl dithiocarbamate.

5. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the three lead refining processes specifically involve: Sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor were added to the lead roughing concentrate for the first lead cleaning process, resulting in lead cleaning concentrate 1 and lead cleaning tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was one-fifth of that in the lead roughing process. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, with a mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite of 3:

1. The amount of zinc inhibitor added was half that in the lead roughing process. A second lead refining process was carried out by adding sulfur inhibitor and zinc inhibitor to lead concentrate 1, resulting in lead concentrate 2 and lead tailings 2. Lead tailings 2 were returned to the first lead refining process. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was half of that in the first lead refining process. The zinc inhibitor was a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium metabisulfite, wherein the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to sodium metabisulfite was 3:1, and the amount added was half of that in the first lead refining process. The lead concentrate 1 is subjected to a third lead refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings 3; the lead tailings 3 are returned to the second lead refining process.

6. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the lead sweeping specifically involves: Lead roughing tailings are added to a lead collector for the first lead scavenging to obtain lead scavenged concentrate 1 and lead scavenged tailings 1. Lead scavenged concentrate 1 and lead scavenged tailings 1 are returned to lead roughing. The lead collector is a combination of butyl ammonium black and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butyl ammonium black to alkyl thiocarbamate is (7~27):3, and the amount of lead collector added is half that of lead roughing. Lead scavenging tailings 1 are added to a lead collector for a second lead scavenging process to obtain lead scavenging concentrate 2 and lead scavenging tailings 2. Lead scavenging concentrate 2 is returned to the first lead scavenging process. The lead collector is a combination of butylammonium black and alkyl thiocarbamate, wherein the mass ratio of butylammonium black to alkyl thiocarbamate is (7~27):3, and the amount of lead collector added is half that of the first lead scavenging process.

7. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the zinc roughing specifically involves: Lead scavenging tailings 2 are sequentially treated with sulfur inhibitor, zinc activator, zinc collector, and frother for zinc roughing to obtain zinc roughing concentrate and zinc roughing tailings. The sulfur inhibitor is lime, with an addition amount of 500~2000 g / t; the zinc activator is copper sulfate, with an addition amount of 200~400 g / t; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, with an addition amount of 50~120 g / t; and the frother is at least one of pine oil and methyl isobutyl methanol, with an addition amount of 10~30 g / t.

8. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-stage zinc selection process specifically involves: The zinc roughing concentrate was treated with a sulfur inhibitor for the first zinc cleaning process, resulting in zinc cleaned concentrate 1 and zinc cleaned tailings 1. The sulfur inhibitor was lime, and the amount added was half that of the zinc roughing concentrate. Zinc concentrate 1 is treated with a sulfur inhibitor for a second zinc treatment, resulting in zinc concentrate 2 and zinc tailings 2. Zinc tailings 2 are returned to the first zinc treatment. The sulfur inhibitor is lime, and the amount added is half that of the first zinc treatment. Zinc concentrate 2 is subjected to a third zinc refining process without the addition of reagents to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc tailings 3; zinc tailings 3 are returned to the second zinc refining process.

9. The flotation method for enhanced recovery of fine-grained galena from lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two zinc sweeps are specifically as follows: The zinc roughing tailings are added to a zinc collector for the first zinc scavenging to obtain zinc scavenged concentrate 1 and zinc scavenged tailings 1; zinc scavenged concentrate 1 and zinc fine tailings 1 are combined and returned to the zinc roughing process; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount added is half that of the zinc roughing process. The zinc scavenging tailings 1 are added to a zinc collector for a second zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc scavenging concentrate 2 and tailings; zinc scavenging concentrate 2 is returned to the first zinc scavenging process; the zinc collector is butyl xanthate, and the amount added is half of that in the first zinc scavenging process.

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