An automatic press-fitting machine for bushings of crankshaft connecting rods

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of crankshaft connecting rod assembly technology, and provides an automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods, including a worktable; a turntable with several placement positions evenly distributed around its perimeter for placing crankshaft connecting rods; a connecting rod feeding mechanism for placing the crankshaft connecting rod to be press-fitted with bushings on the placement positions of the worktable; a bushing feeding mechanism for conveying the bushings above the turntable and rotating and positioning the bushings; a bushing pressing mechanism including a pressure rod located above the placement positions, the bushing feeding mechanism fitting the rotated and positioned bushing onto the lower end of the pressure rod, and the bushing pressing mechanism driving the pressure rod to press the bushing into the piston pin hole on the crankshaft connecting rod at the placement position; and a connecting rod unloading mechanism for removing the crankshaft connecting rod with the bushing pressed-fitted from the worktable. The advantages of this application are: improved production efficiency through automated operation, a more stable and reliable pressing process, and reduced pressing quality problems caused by improper manual operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of crankshaft connecting rod assembly technology, specifically relating to an automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft connecting rod is an essential component of a car engine. Its function is to connect the piston and the crankshaft, and to transmit the gas pressure on the piston to the crankshaft, so that the reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft, which then outputs power.

[0003] The crankshaft connecting rod 1 has a rod body 11 and small end 12 and large end 13 located at both ends of the rod body 11 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown), the small end 12 is connected to the piston pin of the piston through the piston pin hole 121, and the large end 13 is connected to the crankshaft through the crankshaft pin hole 131. The small end 12 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 bears the gas force transmitted from the piston pin, as well as its own oscillation and the reciprocating inertial force of the piston assembly. The magnitude and direction of these forces change periodically. Since the small end 12 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is mostly a thin-walled annular structure, it is often in a state of wear. Therefore, a bushing 2 is usually installed in the piston pin hole 121 to protect the crankshaft connecting rod 1, and to play a role in shock absorption, noise reduction, fatigue reduction, service life increase, and vehicle handling stability. Moreover, in order to facilitate the passage and entry of lubricating oil, a U-shaped groove 21 is usually opened on the inner wall of the bushing 2 (e.g., Figure 2 As shown), when the bushing 2 is installed into the piston pin hole 121 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1, the U-shaped groove 21 of the bushing 2 needs to be rotated to a preset angle to ensure that the lubricating oil can smoothly enter the piston pin hole 121 and realize the lubrication between the bushing 2 and the piston pin.

[0004] Since the bushing 2 is fixed to the piston pin hole 121 of the small end 12 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 by an interference fit, in the prior art, the bushing 2 is generally manually hammered into the piston pin hole 121 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. Manual operation is not only inefficient, but also has poor pressing stability, which is increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of modern production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an automatic press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rod bushings. Through automated operation, the press-fitting time is significantly shortened, production efficiency is improved, and production speed is accelerated. Moreover, the automated press-fitting process is more stable and reliable, ensuring that each bushing is accurately pressed into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod, reducing press-fitting quality problems caused by improper manual operation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods is proposed, including: a worktable;

[0007] A turntable is set on the worktable, and several placement positions are evenly distributed around the turntable. The placement positions are used to place crankshaft connecting rods.

[0008] A connecting rod feeding mechanism is provided on the worktable and located on one side of the turntable. The connecting rod feeding mechanism is used to place the crankshaft connecting rod to be press-fitted with bushings on the placement position of the worktable.

[0009] A bushing feeding mechanism is provided on the workbench and located on one side of the turntable. The bushing feeding mechanism is used to transport the bushing to the top of the turntable and rotate and position the bushing.

[0010] A bushing pressing mechanism is provided on the workbench and located on one side of the turntable. The bushing pressing mechanism includes a pressing rod, which is located above the placement position. The bushing feeding mechanism puts the bushing, after rotation and positioning, onto the lower end of the pressing rod. The bushing pressing mechanism is used to drive the pressing rod to press the bushing into the piston pin hole on the crankshaft connecting rod at the placement position.

[0011] A connecting rod unloading mechanism is provided on the worktable and located on one side of the turntable. The connecting rod unloading mechanism is used to move the crankshaft connecting rod after the bushing press-fit is completed out of the worktable.

[0012] With the above-described technical features, during use, the crankshaft connecting rod to be press-fitted with bushings is automatically placed onto the designated position on the turntable of the worktable. Simultaneously, the bushing feeding mechanism transports the bushings one by one above the turntable, and ensures that the U-shaped groove of the bushing is in a preset angle direction through rotational positioning, so that lubricating oil can enter smoothly. When the turntable rotates to below the bushing pressing mechanism, the bushing feeding mechanism has already fitted the rotated and positioned bushing onto the lower end of the pressing rod. At this time, the bushing pressing mechanism starts, driving the pressing rod downward to accurately press the bushing into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod located in the designated position. After the bushing pressing is completed, the turntable continues to rotate to the connecting rod unloading mechanism, which automatically removes the press-fitted crankshaft connecting rod from the worktable for subsequent processing or packaging.

[0013] Therefore, the automatic bushing press-fitting machine of this application significantly shortens the press-fitting time, improves production efficiency, and accelerates production speed through automated operation. Furthermore, the automated press-fitting process is more stable and reliable, ensuring that each bushing is accurately press-fitted into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod, reducing press-fitting quality problems caused by improper manual operation. The automated press-fitting process also ensures consistent press-fitting quality for each crankshaft connecting rod bushing, improving the overall quality and consistency of the product.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting rod feeding mechanism includes:

[0015] A feeding and conveying assembly includes a conveying frame, which is disposed on the workbench and extends toward the turntable. The conveying frame is used to sequentially and side-by-side vertically arranged crankshaft connecting rods. The feeding and conveying assembly sequentially conveys the crankshaft connecting rods toward the turntable.

[0016] A flipping assembly is disposed at one end of the conveyor frame near the turntable. The flipping mechanism is used to flip the crankshaft connecting rod, which has been moved to the end of the conveyor frame near the turntable, from a vertical state to a horizontal state.

[0017] A loading robot assembly is disposed between the flipping mechanism and the turntable. The loading robot assembly is used to grab the crankshaft connecting rod that is placed horizontally on the flipping assembly, and after moving it, place it horizontally on the turntable near the flipping assembly.

[0018] Through the aforementioned technical features, the feeding and conveying assembly transports the crankshaft connecting rods one by one forward to the tilting assembly. The tilting assembly, through precise control, tilts the vertical crankshaft connecting rods to a horizontal position, ensuring the horizontality of the tilted crankshaft connecting rods. The feeding robot assembly accurately grasps the tilted crankshaft connecting rods, moves them to a designated placement position on the turntable near the tilting assembly, and places them smoothly, ensuring the accuracy of the crankshaft connecting rod placement. Therefore, the feeding and conveying assembly of this application reduces errors and damage caused by human factors through automated tilting and feeding processes, improves the placement accuracy and consistency of the crankshaft connecting rods, and thus enhances product quality.

[0019] Preferably, the feeding and conveying assembly further includes a guide rod, a chute, a lifting unit, and a drive unit. The guide rod is arranged on both sides of the upper end of the conveyor frame along the length direction. The chute is arranged parallel to the lower part of the guide rod. The guide rod is used to abut against the lower end of the large end of the crankshaft connecting rod. The chute is used to abut against the lower end of the small end of the crankshaft connecting rod. The drive unit is connected to the lower part of the chute and connected to the conveyor frame, and is used to drive the chute to move back and forth along the length direction of the conveyor frame. The lifting unit is connected to the lower part of the chute and connected to the conveyor frame, and is used to drive the chute to move up and down.

[0020] When the drive unit moves the slide closer to the turntable, the lifting unit moves the slide upward to abut against the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod; when the drive unit moves the slide away from the turntable, the lifting unit moves the slide downward away from the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod.

[0021] Through the aforementioned technical features, after the crankshaft connecting rod is placed on the conveyor frame, the drive unit begins to operate, moving the chute towards the turntable. Simultaneously, the lifting unit also raises the chute, placing it against the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod's small end for support. As the drive unit continues to operate, the chute and crankshaft connecting rod move together towards the turntable. When the crankshaft connecting rod is conveyed to the tilting assembly, the drive unit reverses its operation, moving the chute away from the turntable. At this point, the lifting unit lowers the chute, moving it away from the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod, thus ceasing to provide support. Therefore, when the drive unit moves the chute away from the turntable, it does not move the crankshaft connecting rod away from the turntable. Thus, through the reciprocating movement of the chute driven by the drive unit, the crankshaft connecting rod is sequentially delivered to the tilting assembly.

[0022] Preferably, the drive unit includes a fixed plate, a pull rod, an eccentric turntable, and a drive element. The fixed plate is connected to the lower end of the slide groove, the pull rod is connected to the end of the fixed plate away from the slide groove, the eccentric turntable is connected to the end of the pull rod away from the fixed plate, and the pull rod is connected to one side of the eccentric turntable. The drive element is driven by the eccentric turntable and is used to drive the eccentric turntable to rotate. The drive element is connected to the conveyor frame through a fixed frame.

[0023] With the above technical features, when the drive element is started, it drives the eccentric turntable to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric turntable causes the pull rod connected to one side of it to produce reciprocating linear motion. The linear motion of the pull rod is transmitted to the slide through the fixed plate, which drives the slide to move back and forth along the length of the conveyor frame, thereby realizing the reciprocating feeding of the crankshaft connecting rod.

[0024] Preferably, the flipping component includes:

[0025] An adjustment unit includes an adjustment frame disposed at the end of the conveyor frame, a first limiting element, a second limiting element, and a pushing element. The adjustment frame has an adjustment track that slopes downwards towards the end away from the conveyor frame. The crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the conveyor frame sequentially enters the adjustment track and slides to the end of the adjustment track. The first limiting element includes a first driving member and a baffle. The first driving member is connected to the adjustment frame, and the baffle is connected to the output end of the first driving member. The first driving member drives the baffle to move back and forth towards or away from the upper end of the adjustment track, thereby limiting the upper end of the large end of the crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the adjustment track within the adjustment track or releasing the limitation on the large end of the crankshaft connecting rod. The second limiting element includes a second driving member and a fixed fork. Two driving components are connected to the adjusting frame. The fixed shift fork is connected to the output end of the second driving component. The second driving component drives the fixed shift fork to move back and forth towards or away from the crankshaft connecting rod, thereby limiting the crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the adjusting track within the adjusting track or releasing the limitation on the crankshaft connecting rod. The pushing element includes a third driving component and a pushing shift fork. The third driving component is connected to the second driving component. The second driving component drives the third driving component to move back and forth towards or away from the crankshaft connecting rod. The pushing shift fork is connected to the output end of the third driving component. The pushing shift fork is located at the end of the adjusting track. The third driving component is used to drive the pushing shift fork to move back and forth along the extension direction of the adjusting track towards or away from the end of the adjusting track.

[0026] The flipping unit includes a swing frame rotatably connected to the worktable and a fifth driving component. The swing frame is located between the adjusting frame and the turntable. A tooling base plate is provided on the swing frame. The upper end of the tooling base plate is provided with a first positioning pin and a second positioning pin. The first positioning pin and the second positioning pin respectively cooperate with the piston pin hole and crankshaft pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod. A fourth driving component is connected to the tooling base plate. The fourth driving component is used to drive the tooling base plate to move back and forth in a direction closer to or away from the end of the adjusting track. Under the action of the fifth driving component, the swing frame swings back and forth between a first position and a second position. When the swing frame is in the first position, the swing frame is located on the side closer to the turntable, and the tooling base plate is in a horizontal state. When the swing frame is in the second position, the swing frame is located on the side closer to the adjusting frame, and the tooling base plate is in a vertical state.

[0027] Through the aforementioned technical features, the crankshaft connecting rod is fed into the adjusting track at the end of the conveyor frame. Because the adjusting track is inclined away from the conveyor frame, the crankshaft connecting rod automatically slides along the track to its end. The first driving component moves the baffle to limit the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod's large end. The second driving component moves the fixed fork to limit the crankshaft connecting rod's body, thus confining the crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the adjusting track within the track. Then, the fifth driving component rotates the swing frame to a vertical position. Next, the fourth driving component moves the tooling base plate closer to the end of the adjusting track, causing the first and second positioning pins on the tooling base plate to insert into the piston pin hole and crankshaft pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the adjusting track. At this point, the first driving component moves the baffle to release the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod's large end, and the second driving component moves the fixed fork to release the crankshaft connecting rod's body. Simultaneously, the second driving component moves the fixed fork and the pushing element to move synchronously away from the crankshaft connecting rod's body. Then, the fourth drive component moves the tooling base plate a certain distance away from the end of the adjustment track, causing the crankshaft connecting rod located at the end of the adjustment track to move out of the adjustment track. The crankshaft connecting rod located behind it moves to the end of the adjustment track. Under the abutment action of the tooling base plate and the crankshaft connecting rod located behind it, the crankshaft connecting rod that has moved out of the end of the adjustment track will not fall off the tooling base plate and will remain behind the tooling base plate and the crankshaft connecting rod located at the end of the adjustment track. Then, the second drive component moves the fixed shift fork. Both the fixed shift fork and the push shift fork are inserted between the crankshaft connecting rod located at the end of the adjustment track and the crankshaft connecting rod located on the tooling base plate. At this time, the fixed shift fork limits the rod body of the crankshaft connecting rod located at the end of the adjustment track to prevent the crankshaft connecting rod located at the end of the adjustment track from falling off the adjustment track. The push shift fork abuts against the rod body of the crankshaft connecting rod on the tooling base plate on the side away from the tooling base plate. Then, the fourth drive unit drives the tooling base plate to continue moving away from the end of the adjustment track. At this time, the third drive unit drives the push fork to move away from the end of the adjustment track along the extension direction of the adjustment track. The crankshaft connecting rod that has moved out of the end of the adjustment track moves synchronously with the tooling base plate, keeping the piston pin hole and crankshaft pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod always sleeved in the first and second positioning pins on the tooling base plate. Since the tooling base plate is in a vertical device, it is necessary to push the push fork to push the crankshaft connecting rod against the tooling base plate so that the crankshaft connecting rod will not fall off the tooling base plate. At the same time, the first drive unit drives the baffle to move, so that the baffle limits the upper end of the large end of the crankshaft connecting rod located at the end of the adjustment track.When the fourth drive component moves the tooling base plate away from the end of the adjustment track until it is in close contact with the swing frame, the fifth drive component moves the swing frame to a horizontal position. At the same time as the swing frame rotates, the third drive component moves the push fork along the extension direction of the adjustment track towards the end of the adjustment track to avoid interference with the rotation of the swing frame. When the swing frame rotates to a horizontal state, the tooling base plate on the swing frame is in a horizontal state, that is, the crankshaft connecting rod on the tooling base plate is in a horizontal state. This completes the flipping of the crankshaft connecting rod from a vertical state to a horizontal state, ensuring the horizontality of the crankshaft connecting rod. This ensures the concentricity of the bushing and the piston pin hole on the crankshaft connecting rod during bushing press-fitting, thus ensuring the bushing press-fitting effect.

[0028] Preferably, the bushing feeding mechanism includes:

[0029] The vibratory feeder has a first feeding channel connected to one end near the turntable;

[0030] A bushing separator assembly includes a separator frame, a conveyor belt, a pusher block, and a pressing unit. The separator frame is disposed between a first feeding channel and a turntable. The conveyor belt is disposed on the separator frame and extends to one side of the feeding channel. A second feeding channel is provided on the separator frame. The two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively connected to the first feeding channel and the second feeding channel. The pusher block is disposed on the separator frame, and one end of the pusher block is provided with a receiving groove. The receiving groove is connected to the end of the second feeding channel and is used to receive the bushing that has moved to the end of the second feeding channel. A sixth driving member is connected to one side of the pusher block. A storage hole is provided on the side of the separator frame away from the pusher block. The pressing unit is disposed above the storage hole. The sixth driving member is used to drive the pusher block to move closer to the storage hole, thereby moving the bushing in the receiving groove to the top of the storage hole and dropping it into the storage hole. The pressing unit is used to push the bushing in the storage hole downward.

[0031] The feeding and moving assembly includes a moving frame, a first moving unit, a second moving unit, a moving base plate, a three-jaw chuck, a seventh driving component, and an eighth driving component. The moving frame is mounted on the worktable. The first moving unit is connected to the worktable, the second moving unit is connected to the first moving unit, and the moving base plate is connected to the second moving unit. The first moving unit drives the moving base plate to move back and forth between the pressure rod and the storage hole. The second moving unit drives the moving base plate to move back and forth towards or away from the lower end of the pressure rod. The three-jaw chuck is rotatably connected to the moving base plate and is used to clamp the bushing that falls from the storage hole. The seventh driving component drives the three-jaw chuck to move closer to or further away from each other, thereby clamping or releasing the bushing. The eighth driving component drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate, thereby positioning the bushing so that the U-shaped groove on the bushing is in a preset position.

[0032] Through the aforementioned technical features, the vibratory feeder arranges and conveys the bushings in an orderly manner to the first feeding channel via vibration. The bushings in the first feeding channel are then conveyed to the second feeding channel via a conveyor belt. When the bushings move to the end of the second feeding channel, the pusher is driven forward by the sixth drive unit to the end of the second feeding channel, causing the bushings to enter the receiving groove. The bushings in the receiving groove are pushed above the storage hole and fall into the storage hole due to gravity. When the first moving unit moves the moving base plate to below the storage hole, the three-jaw chuck is positioned at the lower end of the discharge hole. Then, the pressing unit pushes the bushings in the storage hole downwards to the center of the three-jaw chuck, while the seventh drive unit moves the three-jaw chucks closer together to clamp the bushings. Then, the first moving unit drives the moving base plate to move below the pressure rod. Then, the eighth driving unit drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate and position the bushing. After the bushing rotates to the predetermined position, the second moving unit drives the moving base plate to move closer to the lower end of the pressure rod, thereby fitting the bushing onto the lower end of the pressure rod, completing the bushing loading and rotation positioning.

[0033] Preferably, the bushing pressing mechanism further includes a column, a ninth driving member, a slide block, a pressure sensor, and a displacement sensor. The column is connected to the worktable and located on one side of the turntable. The column is provided with a slide rail that extends vertically for easy access. The slide block is slidably connected to the slide rail. The pressure rod is connected to the lower end of the slide block. The ninth driving member is located at the upper end of the column. The pressure sensor is connected to the output end of the ninth driving member. The lower end of the pressure sensor is connected to the slide block. The displacement sensor is connected between the slide block and the column.

[0034] With the above-mentioned technical features, when the pressure rod presses the bushing, the ninth driving component drives the slide to move closer to the crankshaft connecting rod on the worktable, pressing the bushing at the lower end of the pressure rod into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod. Through real-time monitoring by pressure and displacement sensors, the pressing force and depth can be precisely controlled to ensure a tight fit between the bushing and the part to be pressed, thereby improving the pressing accuracy.

[0035] Preferably, the placement position is provided with a connecting rod fixture, which is provided with a large end positioning pin and a small end positioning pin, and the small end positioning pin can move up and down relative to the connecting rod fixture.

[0036] With the above-mentioned technical features, when the pressure rod is pressed into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod, the small end piston located in the piston pin hole moves downward, which facilitates the pressure rod to be fully pressed into the piston pin hole, thereby pressing the bushing into the piston pin hole.

[0037] Preferably, a constricted sleeve is provided above the small-end positioning pin, and the constricted sleeve is connected to the column.

[0038] With the above-described technical features, for the press-fitting of the directional bushing, the bushing in this application has an axially extending gap on its outer peripheral wall. When the bushing is fitted onto the lower end of the pressure rod, the bushing and the lower end of the pressure rod are in an interference fit. When the pressure rod drives the bushing through the necking sleeve, the gap on the bushing deforms under the action of the necking sleeve, the diameter of the bushing decreases, and the interference between the bushing and the pressure rod increases. Then, the pressure rod drives the bushing to insert into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod, and the bushing and the piston pin hole are in an interference fit. Afterward, the ninth driving component drives the pressure rod to move upward, and the bushing is press-fitted into the piston pin hole.

[0039] Preferably, the connecting rod unloading mechanism includes an unloading conveying assembly and an unloading robot assembly. The unloading robot assembly includes an unloading robot for gripping the crankshaft connecting rod with the bushing pressed into place on the placement position. A rotary cylinder is connected to one side of the unloading robot for driving the unloading robot to rotate, thereby rotating the crankshaft connecting rod on the robot from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and placing the crankshaft connecting rod vertically on the unloading conveying assembly. The unloading conveying assembly moves the crankshaft connecting rod with the bushing pressed into place outside the worktable.

[0040] Using the above-mentioned technical features, the unloading robot grabs the crankshaft connecting rod with the bushing pressed on the placement position, and then the rotary cylinder drives the unloading robot to rotate, thereby rotating the crankshaft connecting rod on the unloading robot from a horizontal state to a vertical state. Then it is placed on the unloading conveying assembly, and the unloading conveying assembly moves the crankshaft connecting rod out of the worktable.

[0041] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) This application significantly shortens the pressing time, improves production efficiency, and speeds up production through automated operation. Moreover, the automated pressing process is more stable and reliable, which can ensure that each bushing is accurately pressed into the piston pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod, reducing pressing quality problems caused by improper manual operation. Furthermore, the automated pressing process can ensure that the pressing quality of each crankshaft connecting rod bushing is consistent, thereby improving the overall quality and consistency of the product.

[0043] (2) The connecting rod feeding mechanism of this application reduces errors and damage caused by human factors through automated flipping and feeding process, improves the placement accuracy and consistency of crankshaft connecting rod, and thus improves product quality;

[0044] (3) The bushing feeding mechanism of this application effectively improves production efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and ensures product positioning accuracy and production safety through highly automated and precise control. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the crankshaft connecting rod structure;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing structure;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one implementation scheme of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one implementation scheme of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a turntable according to one embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the linkage feeding mechanism according to one embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding and conveying assembly according to one embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the flipping component in one embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0053] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the flipping component in one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0054] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the flipping component in one embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0055] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the flipping component in one embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0056] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of a loading robot assembly according to one embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the bushing feeding mechanism according to one embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bushing spacer assembly according to one embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material feeding moving component according to one embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the bushing pressing mechanism according to one embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 17 This is a structural schematic diagram of a linkage feeding mechanism according to one embodiment of this application.

[0062] In the diagram, 1. Crankshaft connecting rod; 11. Rod body; 12. Small end; 121. Piston pin hole; 13. Large end; 131. Crankshaft pin hole; 2. Bushing; 21. U-groove; 22. Clearance; 3. Worktable; 31. Protective cover; 32. Controller; 4. Turntable; 41. Placement position; 42. Connecting rod tooling; 421. Large end locating pin; 422. Small end locating pin; 43. Loading position; 44. Pressing position; 45. Unloading position; 5. Connecting rod loading mechanism; 51. Loading and conveying assembly; 511. Conveyor frame; 512. Guide rod; 513. Slide groove; 514. Lifting unit; 51 5. Drive unit; 5151. Fixing plate; 5152. Pull rod; 5153. Eccentric turntable; 5154. Drive element; 5155. Fixing frame; 52. Tilting assembly; 521. Adjustment unit; 5211. Adjustment frame; 52111. Adjustment track; 5212. First limiting element; 52121. First driving component; 52122. Baffle; 5213. Second limiting element; 52131. Second driving component; 52132. Fixing fork; 5214. Pushing element; 52141. Third driving component; 52142. Pushing fork; 522. Tilting unit; 5221. Swing frame; 5222. Fifth drive component; 5223. Tooling base plate; 5224. First positioning pin; 5225. Second positioning pin; 5226. Fourth drive component; 53. Loading robot assembly; 531. Loading rack; 532. Loading robot; 533. Gripper; 6. Bushing loading mechanism; 61. Vibratory feeder; 611. First feeding channel; 62. Bushing separator assembly; 621. Separator rack; 6211. Storage hole; 622. Conveyor belt; 623. Push block; 6231. Receiving groove; 624. Pressing unit; 625. Second feeding channel; 626. The... 6. Drive component; 63. Feeding and moving assembly; 631. Moving frame; 632. First moving unit; 633. Second moving unit; 634. Moving base plate; 635. Three-jaw chuck; 636. Seventh drive component; 637. Eighth drive component; 7. Bushing pressing mechanism; 71. Pressure rod; 72. Ninth drive component; 73. Slide block; 74. Pressure sensor; 75. Displacement sensor; 76. Column; 761. Slide rail; 77. Narrow sleeve; 8. Linkage unloading mechanism; 81. Unloading conveying assembly; 82. Unloading robot assembly; 821. Unloading robot; 822. Rotary cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The following are specific embodiments of this application, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of this application. However, this application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0064] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, this application discloses an automatic press-fitting machine for bushings of crankshaft connecting rods, including: an automatic press-fitting machine for bushings of crankshaft connecting rods, including: a worktable 3, a protective cover 31 provided on the outer periphery of the worktable 3, and a controller 32 provided on the protective cover 31.

[0065] The worktable 3 is equipped with a turntable 4, a connecting rod feeding mechanism 5, a bushing feeding mechanism 6, a bushing pressing mechanism 7, and a connecting rod unloading mechanism 8. Several placement positions 41 are evenly distributed around the turntable 4. The connecting rod feeding mechanism 5 places the crankshaft connecting rod 1 to be pressed with bushing 2 on the placement position 41. The bushing feeding mechanism 6 transports the bushing 2 to the top of the turntable 4 and rotates and positions the bushing 2. The bushing feeding mechanism 6 fits the rotated and positioned bushing 2 onto the lower end of the pressure rod 71. The bushing pressing mechanism 7 drives the pressure rod 71 to press the bushing 2 into the piston pin hole 121 on the crankshaft connecting rod 1 at the placement position 41. The connecting rod unloading mechanism 8 moves the crankshaft connecting rod 1 with the bushing 2 pressed out of the worktable 3.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the turntable 4 in this application has four placement positions 41, including a loading position 43, a pressing position 44 and a unloading position 45. There is also an unused placement position 41, which can be used for the inspection station after pressing, and can be used as a basis for subsequent functional extensions.

[0067] Each placement position 41 is equipped with a connecting rod fixture 42, which has a large-end locating pin 421 and a small-end locating pin 422. When the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is placed horizontally on the placement position 41, the large-end locating pin 421 and the small-end locating pin 422 are respectively inserted into the crankshaft pin hole 131 and the piston pin hole 121 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1, positioning the crankshaft connecting rod 1 on the placement position 41 and preventing the crankshaft connecting rod 1 from moving back and forth during the press-fitting process. Furthermore, the small-end locating pin 422 can move up and down relative to the connecting rod fixture 42. In this application, an elastic element is connected to the lower end of the small-end locating pin 422. When the pressure rod 71 drives the bushing 2 to insert into the piston pin hole 121 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1, the small-end locating pin 422 moves downward to avoid the pressure rod 71.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the connecting rod feeding mechanism 5 of this application includes a feeding conveying assembly 51, a flipping assembly 52, and a feeding robot assembly 53. The feeding conveying assembly 51 feeds the crankshaft connecting rod 1 vertically to one side of the flipping assembly 52. ​​The flipping assembly 52 flips the crankshaft connecting rod 1 at the end of the feeding conveying assembly 51 from the vertical state to the horizontal state. The feeding robot assembly 53 is used to grab the crankshaft connecting rod 1 placed horizontally on the flipping assembly 52, and after moving it, place it horizontally on the feeding position 43 on the turntable 4.

[0069] In this application, the feeding and conveying assembly 51 feeds the crankshaft connecting rod 1 vertically, reducing the space occupied by the crankshaft connecting rod 1 during feeding and improving the conveying efficiency of the crankshaft connecting rod. Since the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is in a horizontal state when the bushing 2 is pressed in, in order to ensure the coaxiality of the bushing 2 and the piston pin hole 121 during the pressing process, the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is flipped by the flipping assembly 52 to ensure the horizontality of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 after flipping.

[0070] like Figure 7 As shown, the feeding and conveying assembly 51 of this application also includes a conveying frame 511, guide rods 512 are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the conveying frame 511 along the length direction, and a chute 513 is arranged parallel to the lower end of the guide rods 512. The guide rods 512 are used to abut against the lower end of the large end 13 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1, and the chute 513 is used to abut against the lower end of the small end 12 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. A drive unit 515 is connected to the lower end of the chute 513 and connected to the conveying frame 511, and is used to drive the chute 513 to move back and forth along the length direction of the conveying frame 511. A lifting unit 514 is connected to the lower end of the chute 513 and connected to the conveying frame 511, and is used to drive the chute 513 to move up and down.

[0071] After the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is placed on the conveyor frame 511, the drive unit 515 starts working, driving the slide 513 to move closer to the turntable 4. At the same time, the lifting unit 514 also drives the slide 513 to rise, so that the slide 513 abuts against the lower end of the small end 12 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1, providing support. As the drive unit 515 continues to work, the slide 513 and the crankshaft connecting rod 1 move together towards the turntable 4. When the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is conveyed to the tilting assembly 52, the drive unit 515 works in the opposite direction, driving the slide 513 to move away from the turntable 4. At this time, the lifting unit 514 drives the slide 513 to descend, so that the slide 513 is away from the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 and no longer provides support. Therefore, when the drive unit 515 drives the slide 513 to move away from the turntable 4, it will not drive the crankshaft connecting rod 1 to move away from the turntable 4 together. Thus, the drive unit 515 drives the slide 513 to reciprocate, and the crankshaft connecting rod 1 is sent to the tilting assembly 52 in sequence.

[0072] The drive unit 515 in this application includes a fixed plate 5151, a pull rod 5152, an eccentric turntable 5153, and a drive element 5154. The fixed plate 5151 is connected to the lower end of the slide 513. The pull rod 5152 is connected to the end of the fixed plate 5151 away from the slide 513. The eccentric turntable 5153 is connected to the end of the pull rod 5152 away from the fixed plate 5151, and the pull rod 5152 is connected to one side of the eccentric turntable 5153. The drive element 5154 is connected to the eccentric turntable 5153 for transmission. The drive element 5154 is used to drive the eccentric turntable 5153 to rotate. The drive element 5154 is connected to the conveyor frame 511 through a fixed frame 5155.

[0073] When the drive element 5154 is started, it drives the eccentric turntable 5153 to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric turntable 5153 causes the pull rod 5152 connected to one side of it to produce reciprocating linear motion. The linear motion of the pull rod 5152 is transmitted to the slide 513 through the fixed plate 5151, which drives the slide 513 to move back and forth along the length of the conveyor frame 511, thereby realizing the reciprocating feeding of the crankshaft connecting rod 1.

[0074] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the flipping component 52 of this application includes an adjustment unit 521 and a flipping unit 522.

[0075] The adjustment unit 521 includes an adjustment frame 5211 disposed at the end of the conveyor frame 511, a first limiting element 5212, a second limiting element 5213, and a pushing element 5214. The adjustment frame 5211 is provided with an adjustment track 52111, which slopes downwards towards the end furthest from the conveyor frame 511. The crankshaft connecting rod 1 at the end of the conveyor frame 511 sequentially enters the adjustment track 52111 and slides to the end of the adjustment track 52111. The first limiting element 5212 includes a first driving member 52121 and a baffle 52122. The first driving member 52121 is connected to the adjustment frame 5211, and the baffle 52122 is connected to the output of the first driving member 52121. At the end, the first driving member 52121 drives the baffle 52122 to move back and forth towards or away from the upper end of the adjusting rail 52111, thereby limiting the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 large end 13 at the end of the adjusting rail 52111 within the adjusting rail 52111 or releasing the limitation on the crankshaft connecting rod 1 large end 13; the second limiting element 5213 includes a second driving member 52131 and a fixed shift fork 52132, the second driving member 52131 is connected to the adjusting frame 5211, and the fixed shift fork 52132... 2132 is connected to the output end of the second drive member 52131. The second drive member 52131 drives the fixed shift fork 52132 to move back and forth towards or away from the crankshaft connecting rod 1, thereby limiting the crankshaft connecting rod 1 at the end of the adjusting rail 52111 within the adjusting rail 52111 or releasing the limitation on the crankshaft connecting rod 1. The pushing element 5214 includes a third drive member 52141 and a pushing shift fork 52142. The third drive member 52141 is connected to the output end of the second drive member 52131. The second drive member 52131 on the second drive member 52131 drives the third drive member 52141 to move back and forth toward the rod 11 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. The push fork 52142 is connected to the output end of the third drive member 52141. The push fork 52142 is located at the end of the adjustment rail 52111. The third drive member 52141 is used to drive the push fork 52142 to move back and forth along the extension direction of the adjustment rail 52111 toward the end of the adjustment rail 52111.

[0076] The flipping unit 522 includes a swing frame 5221 rotatably connected to the worktable 3 and a fifth drive member 5222. The swing frame 5221 is located between the adjusting frame 5211 and the turntable 4. A tooling base plate 5223 is provided on the swing frame 5221. A first positioning pin 5224 and a second positioning pin 5225 are provided on the upper end of the tooling base plate 5223. The first positioning pin 5224 and the second positioning pin 5225 respectively cooperate with the piston pin hole 121 and the crankshaft pin hole 131 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. A fourth drive member 5226 is connected to the tooling base plate 5223. The actuator 5226 is used to drive the tooling base plate 5223 to move back and forth towards or away from the end of the adjusting rail 52111. The swing frame 5221 swings back and forth between the first position and the second position under the action of the fifth driving member 5222. When the swing frame 5221 is in the first position, the swing frame 5221 is located on the side closer to the turntable 4, and the tooling base plate 5223 is in a horizontal state. When the swing frame 5221 is in the second position, the swing frame 5221 is located on the side closer to the adjusting frame 5211, and the tooling base plate 5223 is in a vertical state.

[0077] The crankshaft connecting rod 1 is fed into the adjusting track 52111 at the end of the conveyor frame 511. Since the adjusting track 52111 is inclined to the end away from the conveyor frame 511, the crankshaft connecting rod 1 will automatically slide to the end along the track. The first driving member 52121 drives the baffle 52122 to move, thereby limiting the upper end of the large end 13 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. The second driving member 52131 drives the fixed fork 52132 to move, thereby limiting the rod body 11 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1, and limiting the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting track 52111 within the adjusting track 52111. Then, the fifth drive member 5222 drives the swing frame 5221 to rotate to a vertical position. After that, the fourth drive member 5226 drives the tooling base plate 5223 to move closer to the end of the adjustment track 52111, so that the first positioning pin 5224 and the second positioning pin 5225 on the tooling base plate 5223 are inserted into the piston pin hole 121 and crankshaft pin hole 131 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjustment track 52111. At this time, the first drive member 52121 drives the baffle 52122 to move, releasing the upper end of the large end 13 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 from the limit. The second drive member 52131 drives the fixed shift fork 52132 to move, releasing the limit on the rod body 11 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. While the second drive member 52131 drives the fixed insertion and removal to move, it will drive the pushing element 5214 to move synchronously away from the rod body 11 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. Then, the fourth driving component 5226 drives the tooling base plate 5223 to move a certain distance away from the end of the adjusting rail 52111, so that the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting rail 52111 moves out of the adjusting rail 52111. The crankshaft connecting rod 1 located thereafter moves to the end of the adjusting rail 52111. Under the abutment action of the tooling base plate 5223 and the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located thereafter, the crankshaft connecting rod 1 that has moved out of the end of the adjusting rail 52111 will not fall off the tooling base plate 5223, and will remain behind the tooling base plate 5223 and the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting rail 52111. Then, the second driving component 52131 drives the fixed shift fork 52132 to move. The fixed shift fork 52132 and the pushing shift fork 52142 are both inserted between the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting rail 52111 and the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located on the tooling base plate 5223. At this time, the fixed shift fork 52132 limits the rod body 11 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting rail 52111 to prevent the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting rail 52111 from falling off the adjusting rail 52111. The pushing shift fork 52142 abuts against the rod body 11 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 on the side away from the tooling base plate 5223.Subsequently, the fourth drive component 5226 drives the tooling base plate 5223 to continue moving away from the end of the adjusting rail 52111. At this time, the third drive component 52141 drives the push fork 52142 to move away from the end of the adjusting rail 52111 along the extension direction of the adjusting rail 52111. This pushes the crankshaft connecting rod 1, which has moved out of the end of the adjusting rail 52111, to move synchronously with the tooling base plate 5223, keeping the piston pin hole 121 and crankshaft pin hole 131 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 always engaged with the tooling base plate 5223. Within the first positioning pin 5224 and the second positioning pin 5225 on 223, since the tooling base plate 5223 is in a vertical device, it is necessary to push the shift fork 52142 to push the crankshaft connecting rod 1 against the tooling base plate 5223 so that the crankshaft connecting rod 1 will not fall off the tooling base plate 5223. At the same time, the first driving member 52121 drives the baffle 52122 to move, so that the baffle 52122 limits the upper end of the large end 13 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the end of the adjusting rail 52111. When the fourth driving component 5226 drives the tooling base plate 5223 away from the end of the adjusting rail 52111 until it is close to the swing frame 5221, the fifth driving component 5222 drives the swing frame 5221 to rotate to a horizontal position. At the same time as the swing frame 5221 rotates, the third driving component 52141 drives the push fork 52142 to move along the extension direction of the adjusting rail 52111 towards the end of the adjusting rail 52111 to avoid interference with the rotation of the swing frame 5221. When the swing frame 5221 rotates to a horizontal state, the tooling base plate 5223 on the swing frame 5221 is in a horizontal state, that is, the crankshaft connecting rod 1 on the tooling base plate 5223 is in a horizontal state. This completes the flipping of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 from a vertical state to a horizontal state, ensuring the horizontality of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. This ensures the concentricity of the bushing 2 and the piston pin hole 121 on the crankshaft connecting rod 1 during the press-fitting of the bushing 2, thus ensuring the press-fitting effect of the bushing 2.

[0078] like Figure 12 As shown, the loading robot assembly 53 of this application includes a loading rack 531, a loading robot 532 connected to the loading rack 531, and a gripper 533 connected to the lower end of the loading robot 532. The gripper 533 is used to grab the crankshaft connecting rod 1 placed horizontally on the flipping assembly 52, and the loading robot 532 drives the gripper 533 to move and place it horizontally on the placement position 41 of the turntable 4.

[0079] like Figure 13 As shown, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 4The bushing feeding mechanism 6 includes a vibratory feeder 61, a bushing separator assembly 62, and a feeding moving assembly 63. One end of the vibratory feeder 61 is connected to a first feeding channel 611. The bushings 2 in the first feeding channel 611 are fed one by one into the feeding moving assembly 63 through the bushing separator assembly 62. The feeding moving assembly 63 moves the bushings 2 to the bottom of the pressure rod 71 and rotates and positions the bushings 2. After rotation and positioning, the bushings 2 are fitted onto the lower end of the pressure rod 71 for pressing.

[0080] like Figure 14 As shown, the bushing separator assembly 62 includes a separator frame 621, a conveyor belt 622, a pusher block 623, and a pressing unit 624. The separator frame 621 is disposed between the first feeding channel 611 and the turntable 4. The conveyor belt 622 is disposed on the separator frame 621 and extends towards the first feeding channel 611. The separator frame 621 is provided with a second feeding channel 625. The two ends of the conveyor belt 622 are respectively connected to the first feeding channel 611 and the second feeding channel 625. The pusher block 623 is disposed on the separator frame 621, and one end of the pusher block 623 is provided with a receiving groove 6231. The receiving groove 6231 is connected to the end of the second feeding channel 625. The receiving groove 6231 is used to receive the bushing 2 that moves to the end of the second feeding channel 625. A sixth driving member 626 is connected to one side of the push block 623. A storage hole 6211 is provided on the side of the material separator 621 away from the push block 623. A pressing unit 624 is provided above the storage hole 6211. The sixth driving member 626 is used to drive the push block 623 to move closer to the storage hole 6211, thereby moving the bushing 2 in the receiving groove 6231 to the top of the storage hole 6211 and dropping it into the storage hole 6211. The pressing unit 624 is used to push the bushing 2 in the storage hole 6211 downward.

[0081] like Figure 15As shown, the feeding moving assembly 63 includes a moving frame 631, a first moving unit 632, a second moving unit 633, a moving base plate 634, a three-jaw chuck 635, a seventh driving component 636, and an eighth driving component 637. The moving frame 631 is mounted on the worktable 3. The first moving unit 632 is connected to the worktable 3. The second moving unit 633 is connected to the first moving unit 632. The moving base plate 634 is connected to the second moving unit 633. The first moving unit 632 is used to drive the moving base plate 634 between the pressure rod 71 and the storage hole 6211. The second moving unit 633 is used to drive the moving base plate 634 to move back and forth towards or away from the lower end of the pressure rod 71. The three-jaw chuck 635 is rotatably connected to the moving base plate 634. The three-jaw chuck 635 is used to clamp the bushing 2 that falls from the storage hole 6211. The seventh driving member 636 is used to drive the three-jaw chuck 635 to move closer or further away from each other, thereby clamping or releasing the bushing 2. The eighth driving member 637 is used to drive the three-jaw chuck 635 to rotate, thereby positioning the bushing 2 so that the U-shaped groove 21 on the bushing 2 is in a preset position.

[0082] The vibratory feeder 61 arranges the bushings 2 in an orderly manner through vibration and conveys them to the first feeding channel 611. The bushings 2 in the first feeding channel 611 are conveyed to the second feeding channel 625 by the conveyor belt 622. When the bushings 2 move to the end of the second feeding channel 625, the pusher 623 is driven forward by the sixth drive member 626 to move to the end of the second feeding channel 625, so that the bushings 2 enter the receiving groove 6231. The bushings 2 in the receiving groove 6231 are pushed to the top of the storage hole 6211 and fall into the storage hole 6211 due to gravity. When the first moving unit 632 drives the moving base plate 634 to move to the bottom of the storage hole 6211, the three-jaw chuck 635 is exactly at the bottom of the discharge hole. Then the pressing unit 624 pushes the bushings 2 in the storage hole 6211 downward to the center of the three-jaw chuck 635. At the same time, the seventh drive member 636 moves the three-jaw chuck 635 closer together to clamp the bushings 2. Then, the first moving unit 632 drives the moving base plate 634 to move below the pressure rod 71. Then, the eighth driving unit 637 drives the three-jaw chuck 635 to rotate and position the bushing 2. After the bushing 2 is rotated to the predetermined position, the second moving unit 633 drives the moving base plate 634 to move towards the lower end of the pressure rod 71, thereby fitting the bushing 2 onto the lower end of the pressure rod 71, completing the loading and rotation positioning of the bushing 2.

[0083] In this application, the seventh drive member 636 drives the three-jaw chuck 635 to move closer and further apart. This is in contrast to modifying the pneumatic drive in the pneumatic chuck cylinder to have the seven drive member 636 drive the three-jaw chuck 635 to move closer and further apart. By using the seventh drive member 636 to drive the three-jaw chuck 635 to move closer and further apart, the connection of the cylinder in the pneumatic control is eliminated, which makes it easier for the eighth drive member 637 to drive the three-jaw chuck 635 to rotate.

[0084] like Figure 15 As shown, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 The bushing pressing mechanism 7 of this application also includes a column 76, a ninth drive member 72, a slide 73, a pressure sensor 74, and a displacement sensor 75. The column 76 is connected to the worktable 3 and located on one side of the turntable 4. The column 76 is provided with a vertically extending slide rail 761. The slide 73 is slidably connected to the slide rail 761. The pressure rod 71 is connected to the lower end of the slide 73. The ninth drive member 72 is located at the upper end of the column 76. The pressure sensor 74 is connected to the output end of the ninth drive member 72. The lower end of the pressure sensor 74 is connected to the slide 73. The displacement sensor 75 is connected between the slide 73 and the column 76. A reducing sleeve 77 is also connected to the column 76. The reducing sleeve 77 is located above the small end positioning pin 422.

[0085] For the press-fitting of the bushing 2, the bushing 2 in this application has an axially extending gap 22 on its outer peripheral wall. When the bushing 2 is fitted onto the lower end of the pressure rod 71, the bushing 2 and the lower end of the pressure rod 71 are in an interference fit. When the pressure rod 71 presses the bushing 2, the ninth drive member 72 drives the slide 73 to move closer to the crankshaft connecting rod 1 on the worktable 3. When the pressure rod 71 drives the bushing 2 through the necking sleeve 77, the gap on the bushing 2 deforms under the action of the necking sleeve 77, the diameter of the bushing 2 becomes smaller, and the interference between the bushing 2 and the pressure rod 71 becomes larger. Then the pressure rod 71 drives the bushing 2 to insert into the piston pin hole 121 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1. The bushing 2 and the piston pin hole 121 are in an interference fit. Then the ninth drive member 72 drives the pressure rod 71 to move upward, and the bushing 2 is pressed into the piston pin hole 121.

[0086] like Figure 16 As shown, the connecting rod unloading mechanism 8 of this application includes an unloading conveying assembly 81 and an unloading robot assembly 82. The unloading robot assembly 82 includes an unloading robot 821, which is used to grip the crankshaft connecting rod 1 with the bushing 2 pressed on the placement position 41. A rotary cylinder 822 is connected to one side of the unloading robot 821. The rotary cylinder 822 is used to drive the unloading robot 821 to rotate, thereby rotating the crankshaft connecting rod 1 on the robot from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and placing the crankshaft connecting rod 1 vertically on the unloading conveying assembly 81. The unloading conveying assembly 81 moves the crankshaft connecting rod 1 with the bushing 2 pressed on out of the worktable 3.

[0087] The unloading robot 821 grabs the crankshaft connecting rod 1 with the bushing 2 pressed on the placement position 41. Then, the rotary cylinder 822 drives the unloading robot 821 to rotate, thereby rotating the crankshaft connecting rod 1 on the unloading robot 821 from a horizontal state to a vertical state. Then, it is placed on the unloading conveying assembly 81, and the unloading conveying assembly 81 moves the crankshaft connecting rod 1 out of the worktable 3.

[0088] The unloading conveyor assembly 81 in this application has the same structure as the loading conveyor assembly 51.

[0089] Working Principle: During use, the crankshaft connecting rod 1 to be press-fitted with bushing 2 is automatically placed on the placement position 41 of the turntable 4 on the worktable 3. Simultaneously, the bushing feeding mechanism 6 transports the bushings 2 one by one above the turntable 4, and ensures that the U-shaped groove 21 of the bushing 2 is in a preset angle direction through rotational positioning, allowing lubricating oil to enter smoothly. When the turntable 4 rotates to below the bushing pressing mechanism 7, the bushing feeding mechanism 6 has already fitted the rotated and positioned bushing 2 onto the lower end of the pressing rod 71. At this time, the bushing pressing mechanism 7 starts, driving the pressing rod 71 downwards to accurately press the bushing 2 into the piston pin hole 121 of the crankshaft connecting rod 1 located at the placement position 41. After the bushing 2 is pressed, the turntable 4 continues to rotate to the connecting rod unloading mechanism 8, which automatically removes the pressed crankshaft connecting rod 1 from the worktable 3 for subsequent processing or packaging.

[0090] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples. Those skilled in the art to which this application pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the scope defined in this application.

Claims

1. An automatic press-fitting machine for bushings of crankshaft connecting rods, characterized in that, include: Workbench (3); A turntable (4) is set on the workbench (3). Several placement positions (41) are evenly distributed around the turntable (4). The placement positions (41) are used to place crankshaft connecting rods. The connecting rod feeding mechanism (5) is set on the worktable (3) and located on one side of the turntable (4). The connecting rod feeding mechanism (5) is used to place the crankshaft connecting rod to be pressed and fitted with bushings on the placement position (41) of the worktable (3). The bushing feeding mechanism (6) is set on the workbench (3) and located on one side of the turntable (4). The bushing feeding mechanism (6) is used to transport the bushing to the top of the turntable (4) and rotate and position the bushing. A bushing pressing mechanism (7) is provided on the workbench (3) and located on one side of the turntable (4). The bushing pressing mechanism (7) includes a pressing rod (71). The pressing rod (71) is located above the placement position (41). The bushing feeding mechanism (6) puts the bushing after rotation positioning onto the lower end of the pressing rod (71). The bushing pressing mechanism (7) is used to drive the pressing rod (71) to press the bushing into the piston pin hole on the crankshaft connecting rod at the placement position (41). The connecting rod unloading mechanism (8) is set on the worktable (3) and located on one side of the turntable (4). The connecting rod unloading mechanism (8) is used to move the crankshaft connecting rod that has completed bushing pressing out of the worktable (3). The connecting rod feeding mechanism (5) includes: The feeding and conveying assembly (51) includes a conveying frame (511), which is disposed on the workbench (3) and extends toward the turntable (4). The conveying frame (511) is used for vertically arranged crankshaft connecting rods placed side by side in sequence. The feeding and conveying assembly (51) conveys the crankshaft connecting rods toward the turntable (4) in sequence. A flipping assembly (52) is provided at one end of the conveyor frame (511) near the turntable (4). The flipping assembly (52) is used to flip the crankshaft connecting rod that has been moved to the end of the conveyor frame (511) near the turntable (4) from a vertical state to a horizontal state. The flipping component (52) includes: The adjustment unit (521) includes an adjustment frame (5211) disposed at the end of the conveyor frame (511), a first limiting element (5212), a second limiting element (5213), and a pushing element (5214). The adjustment frame (5211) is provided with an adjustment track (52111), which is inclined downward towards the end away from the conveyor frame (511). The crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the conveyor frame (511) sequentially enters the adjustment track (52111) and slides to the end of the adjustment track (52111). The first limiting element (5212) includes a first driving member (52121). The first driving member (52121) is connected to the adjusting frame (5211), and the baffle is connected to the output end of the first driving member (52121). The first driving member (52121) drives the baffle to move back and forth towards the upper end of the adjusting track (52111), thereby limiting the upper end of the crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the adjusting track (52111) within the adjusting track (52111) or releasing the limitation on the large end of the crankshaft connecting rod. The second limiting element (5213) includes a second driving member (52131) and a fixed shift fork (52132). The second drive member (52131) is connected to the adjusting bracket (5211), and the fixed shift fork (52132) is connected to the output end of the second drive member (52131). The second drive member (52131) drives the fixed shift fork (52132) to move back and forth towards or away from the crankshaft connecting rod, thereby limiting the crankshaft connecting rod at the end of the adjusting track (52111) within the adjusting track (52111) or releasing the limitation on the crankshaft connecting rod. The pushing element (5214) includes a third drive member (52141) and a pushing shift fork (52142). The third drive member (52131) The third drive (52141) is connected to the second drive (52131). The second drive (52131) drives the third drive (52141) to move back and forth toward or away from the crankshaft connecting rod. The push fork (52142) is connected to the output end of the third drive (52141). The push fork (52142) is located at the end of the adjustment rail (52111). The third drive (52141) is used to drive the push fork (52142) to move back and forth along the extension direction of the adjustment rail (52111) toward or away from the end of the adjustment rail (52111). The flipping unit (522) includes a swing frame (5221) rotatably connected to the worktable (3) and a fifth drive member (5222). The swing frame (5221) is located between the adjusting frame (5211) and the turntable (4). The swing frame (5221) is provided with a tooling base plate (5223). The upper end of the tooling base plate (5223) is provided with a first positioning pin (5224) and a second positioning pin (5225). The first positioning pin (5224) and the second positioning pin (5225) respectively cooperate with the piston pin hole and the crankshaft pin hole of the crankshaft connecting rod. A fourth drive member (5226) is connected to the tooling base plate (5223). The component (5226) is used to drive the tooling base plate (5223) to move back and forth towards or away from the end of the adjusting rail (52111). The swing frame (5221) swings back and forth between the first position and the second position under the action of the fifth driving component (5222). When the swing frame (5221) is in the first position, the swing frame (5221) is located on the side closer to the turntable (4), and the tooling base plate (5223) is in a horizontal state. When the swing frame (5221) is in the second position, the swing frame (5221) is located on the side closer to the adjusting frame (5211), and the tooling base plate (5223) is in a vertical state. The bushing feeding mechanism (6) includes: A vibratory feeder (61) is connected to a first feed channel (611) at one end near the turntable (4); a bushing separator assembly (62) includes a separator frame (621), a conveyor belt (622), a pusher block (623), and a pressing unit (624). The separator frame (621) is disposed between the first feed channel (611) and the turntable (4). The conveyor belt (622) is disposed on the separator frame (621) and extends to one side of the feed channel. The conveyor belt (621) is provided with a second feeding channel (625). The two ends of the conveyor belt (622) are respectively connected to the first feeding channel (611) and the second feeding channel (625). The push block (623) is provided on the partition frame (621), and one end of the push block (623) is provided with a receiving groove (6231). The receiving groove (6231) is connected to the end of the second feeding channel (625). The receiving groove (6231) is used to receive the material moving to the first feeding channel (621). The bushing at the end of the second feeding channel (625), the push block (623) is connected to a sixth driving member (626) on one side, the material separator (621) is provided with a storage hole (6211) on the side away from the push block (623), the pressing unit (624) is arranged above the storage hole (6211), and the sixth driving member (626) is used to drive the push block (623) to move closer to the storage hole (6211), thereby moving the receiving groove (6211) closer to the material storage hole (6211). The bushing inside 31) moves to above the storage hole (6211) and falls into the storage hole (6211). The pressing unit (624) is used to push the bushing inside the storage hole (6211) downward. The loading moving assembly (63) includes a moving frame (631), a first moving unit (632), a second moving unit (633), a moving base plate (634), a three-jaw chuck (635), a seventh driving member (636), and an eighth driving member (637).

2. The automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod feeding mechanism (5) also includes: The loading robot assembly (53) is disposed between the flipping assembly (52) and the turntable (4). The loading robot assembly (53) is used to grab the crankshaft connecting rod that is placed horizontally on the flipping assembly (52), and after moving it, place it horizontally on the placement position (41) of the turntable (4) near the flipping assembly (52).

3. An automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding and conveying assembly (51) further includes a guide rod (512), a chute (513), a lifting unit (514), and a drive unit (515). The guide rod (512) is arranged on both sides of the upper end of the conveying frame (511) along the length direction. The chute (513) is arranged parallel to the lower end of the guide rod (512). The guide rod (512) is used to abut against the lower end of the large end of the crankshaft connecting rod. The chute (513) is used to abut against the lower end of the small end of the crankshaft connecting rod. The drive unit (515) is connected to the lower end of the chute (513) and connected to the conveying frame (511) to drive the chute (513) to move back and forth along the length direction of the conveying frame (511). The lifting unit (514) is connected to the lower end of the chute (513) and connected to the conveying frame (511) to drive the chute (513) to move up and down. When the drive unit (515) moves the slide (513) closer to the turntable (4), the lifting unit (514) moves the slide (513) upward and abuts against the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod; when the drive unit (515) moves the slide (513) away from the turntable (4), the lifting unit (514) moves the slide (513) downward and away from the lower end of the crankshaft connecting rod.

4. An automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive unit (515) includes a fixed plate (5151), a pull rod (5152), an eccentric turntable (5153), and a drive element (5154). The fixed plate (5151) is connected to the lower end of the slide (513). The pull rod (5152) is connected to the end of the fixed plate (5151) away from the slide (513). The eccentric turntable (5153) is connected to the end of the pull rod (5152) away from the fixed plate (5151), and the pull rod (5152) is connected to one side of the eccentric turntable (5153). The drive element (5154) is connected to the eccentric turntable (5153) for transmission. The drive element (5154) is used to drive the eccentric turntable (5153) to rotate. The drive element (5154) is connected to the conveyor frame (511) through a fixed frame (5155).

5. An automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable frame (631) is mounted on the workbench (3). The first movable unit (632) is connected to the workbench (3), and the second movable unit (633) is connected to the first movable unit (632). The movable base plate (634) is connected to the second movable unit (633). The first movable unit (632) is used to drive the movable base plate (634) to move back and forth between the pressure rod (71) and the storage hole (6211). The second movable unit (633) is used to drive the movable base plate (634) to move back and forth between the pressure rod (71) and the storage hole (6211). 34) Move back and forth towards or away from the lower end of the pressure rod (71). The three-jaw chuck (635) is rotatably connected to the movable base plate (634). The three-jaw chuck (635) is used to clamp the bushing that falls from the storage hole (6211). The seventh drive member (636) is used to drive the three-jaw chuck (635) to move closer or further away from each other, thereby clamping or releasing the bushing. The eighth drive member (637) is used to drive the three-jaw chuck (635) to rotate, thereby positioning the bushing so that the U-shaped groove on the bushing is in a preset position.

6. An automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bushing pressing mechanism (7) also includes a column (76), a ninth drive member (72), a slide (73), a pressure sensor (74), and a displacement sensor (75). The column (76) is connected to the workbench (3) and located on one side of the turntable (4). The column (76) is provided with a slide rail (761) that extends vertically for easy access. The slide (73) is slidably connected to the slide rail (761). The pressure rod (71) is connected to the lower end of the slide (73). The ninth drive member (72) is located at the upper end of the column (76). The pressure sensor (74) is connected to the output end of the ninth drive member (72). The lower end of the pressure sensor (74) is connected to the slide (73). The displacement sensor (75) is connected between the slide (73) and the column (76).

7. An automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 6, characterized in that, The placement position (41) is provided with a connecting rod fixture (42), and the connecting rod fixture (42) is provided with a large end positioning pin (421) and a small end positioning pin (422). The small end positioning pin (422) can move up and down relative to the connecting rod fixture (42).

8. An automatic press-fitting machine for bushings of crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 7, characterized in that, A constriction sleeve (77) is provided above the small end positioning pin (422), and the constriction sleeve (77) is connected to the column (76).

9. An automatic bushing press-fitting machine for crankshaft connecting rods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod unloading mechanism (8) includes an unloading conveying assembly (81) and an unloading robot assembly (82). The unloading robot assembly (82) includes an unloading robot (821), which is used to grab the crankshaft connecting rod with the bushing pressed on the placement position (41). A rotary cylinder (822) is connected to one side of the unloading robot (821). The rotary cylinder (822) is used to drive the unloading robot (821) to rotate, thereby rotating the crankshaft connecting rod on the unloading robot (821) from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and placing the crankshaft connecting rod vertically on the unloading conveying assembly (81). The unloading conveying assembly (81) moves the crankshaft connecting rod with the bushing pressed on out of the worktable (3).

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