High-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle. The underwater vehicle comprises an underwater vehicle shell, a high-pressure gas generator, an annular nozzle, a guide pipe and an air pressure regulation and control valve. Wherein the high-pressure gas generator is fixed inside the underwater vehicle shell, the annular nozzle is arranged in the direction of the central axis of the underwater vehicle shell, one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the nozzle in a sealed mode, and the other end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the high-pressure gas generator in a sealed mode. And the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator can be jetted into external fluid through the guide pipe and the annular nozzle. High-pressure gas is jetted into external fluid, and when the underwater vehicle is propelled to move forwards at a high speed, a large number of bubbles are generated and move along the outer surface of the underwater vehicle in a wall-attached mode, so that near-wall-surface fluid is separated by the high-pressure gas, and the density and viscosity of far-wall-surface external fluid are reduced; therefore, the coherent structure of the whole flow field is influenced, the comprehensive frictional resistance is greatly reduced, and the turbulence stress and noise are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft, and in particular relates to an underwater aircraft integrating high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction. Background Art

[0002] The development trend of underwater vehicles is high speed, low noise and energy saving. In order to meet this development demand, trying to reduce navigation resistance is undoubtedly the most direct and effective way.

[0003] According to whether additional energy input and human control are required, drag reduction methods are divided into passive drag reduction technology and active drag reduction technology. Among them, although passive drag reduction technology does not require additional energy input, it cannot be artificially controlled and adjusted according to changes in the flow field, and in some cases, it even increases drag. Active drag reduction technology can be adjusted according to changes in the flow field, so that the underwater vehicle can be in the best drag reduction state under various working conditions. In active drag reduction technology, using bubbles to reduce the fluid resistance generated during the movement of underwater vehicles is a significant and effective way. The idea of ​​bubble drag reduction was proposed by Froude as early as the end of the 19th century. By injecting a small volume of bubbles between the external fluid and the surface of the underwater vehicle, the gas-liquid mixed flow formed can reduce the direct contact between the external fluid and the underwater vehicle shell, and also change the density and viscosity of the surrounding fluid, thereby affecting the coherent structure of the near-wall flow field and reducing the friction resistance. In addition, bubbles can elastically absorb the kinetic energy in the turbulent boundary layer, thereby reducing turbulent stress. Researchers use porous stainless steel plates to produce microbubbles by jetting, which can reduce friction resistance by more than 80%.

[0004] Jet propulsion is a common propulsion system that is widely used in aerospace and other fields. It uses the reaction force generated by high-speed jet gas to propel objects forward. On the one hand, the jet propulsion system can provide continuous thrust for the vehicle, enabling it to maintain a high navigation speed. On the other hand, the jet propulsion system can control the thrust by adjusting the jet speed and flow rate, thereby achieving precise control of the vehicle. Based on the design mission requirements of higher speeds and longer ranges, if the propulsion method of underwater vehicles can be improved so that it can provide propulsion while reducing fluid resistance during travel, it will significantly improve the speed and long endurance of underwater vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an underwater vehicle integrating high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction, comprising an underwater vehicle shell, a high-pressure gas generator, an annular nozzle, a conduit and an air pressure control valve. Among them, the high-pressure gas generator is fixed inside the underwater vehicle shell, the annular nozzle is arranged along the central axis of the underwater vehicle shell, one end of the conduit is sealed and fixedly connected to the nozzle, and the other end is sealed and fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas generator, and it is ensured that the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator can be sprayed into the external fluid through the conduit and the annular nozzle. The present invention sprays high-pressure gas into the external fluid, and while propelling the underwater vehicle forward at high speed, a large number of bubbles will be generated to move along the outer surface of the underwater vehicle, so that the near-wall fluid is separated by the high-pressure gas, and the density and viscosity of the external fluid on the far wall are reduced, thereby affecting the coherent structure of the entire flow field, greatly reducing the comprehensive friction resistance, and reducing turbulent stress and noise.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0007] A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, comprising an underwater vehicle shell, a high-pressure gas generator, an annular nozzle, a conduit and an air pressure control valve;

[0008] The underwater vehicle housing includes a deflector, a power cabin, a control cabin, a bulkhead and a tail;

[0009] The deflector is sealed and fixedly connected to one end of the power cabin, the other end of the power cabin is sealed and fixedly connected to one end of the control cabin, the other end of the control cabin is sealed and fixedly connected to the tail, and the power cabin and the control cabin are separated by a partition;

[0010] The high-pressure gas generator is installed inside the control cabin and fixedly connected to the partition;

[0011] The annular nozzle includes a low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle and a high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle; the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle is located at the front end of the fairing, evenly arranged along the circumference of the fairing, and outputs low-pressure gas; the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle is located at the power cabin, evenly arranged along the circumference of the power cabin, and outputs high-pressure gas;

[0012] One end of the conduit is sealed and fixedly connected to the annular nozzle, and the other end is sealed and fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas generator, and it is ensured that the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator can be ejected into the external fluid through the conduit and the annular nozzle, and the direction of the ejected propulsion airflow is opposite to the travel direction of the underwater vehicle;

[0013] The air pressure regulating valve is installed on the conduit and is sealed with the conduit through a thread. The pressure and flow of the gas in the conduit can be controlled by adjusting the air pressure regulating valve.

[0014] Preferably, the underwater vehicle hull is made of metal or non-metal material.

[0015] Preferably, the air guide cover is a semi-ellipsoidal shell.

[0016] Preferably, the power cabin and the control cabin are cylindrical shells.

[0017] Preferably, the tail portion is a conical shell.

[0018] Preferably, the conduit is a hollow circular tube.

[0019] Preferably, there is one group of low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzles, with two nozzles in each group; and there are two groups of high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzles, with four nozzles in each group.

[0020] Preferably, the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle are through holes opposite to the travel direction of the underwater vehicle, and are arranged along the central axis of the underwater vehicle shell.

[0021] Preferably, the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator is sprayed into the external fluid through a conduit via an annular nozzle. On the one hand, it can provide sufficient propulsion for the underwater vehicle shell. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas sprayed into the external fluid will generate bubbles and move along the wall of the outer surface of the underwater vehicle, so that the near-wall fluid is separated by the high-pressure gas, reducing the fluid resistance; the external fluid far from the wall will form a gas-liquid mixed flow, reducing the density and viscosity of the surrounding fluid, elastically absorbing the kinetic energy in the turbulent boundary layer, and further affecting the coherent structure of the entire near-wall flow field, thereby reducing the comprehensive friction resistance, turbulent stress and noise.

[0022] Preferably, the air pressure regulating valve can control the flow rate of high-pressure gas sprayed from the annular nozzle, thereby regulating the size and number of bubbles on the surface of the underwater vehicle hull, so that the underwater vehicle can maintain the best drag reduction effect under various working conditions.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The present invention integrates the propulsion device of an underwater vehicle with the microbubble drag reduction generating device for the first time, which can provide sufficient propulsion force for the underwater vehicle while using bubbles generated by high-pressure gas to significantly reduce the fluid resistance generated during the movement of the underwater vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the underwater vehicle hull;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a working principle diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of gas injection in an annular nozzle;

[0029] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0030] 1. Low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 2. Air pressure control valve 3. Underwater vehicle hull 4. High-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 5. Conduit 6. Power cabin 7. High-pressure gas generator 8. Cabin bulkhead 9. Fairing shroud 10. Control cabin 11. Tail 12. Bubble 13. External fluid 14. Gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underwater vehicle integrating high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction, which can provide propulsion for the underwater vehicle and at the same time cleverly utilize bubbles generated by high-pressure gas to reduce the fluid resistance generated during the movement of the underwater vehicle.

[0033] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0034] An underwater vehicle integrating high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction comprises an underwater vehicle shell, a high-pressure gas generator, an annular nozzle, a duct and an air pressure control valve. The underwater vehicle shell consists of a fairing, a power cabin, a control cabin, a partition and a tail. The fairing is sealed and fixedly connected to one end of the power cabin, the other end of the power cabin is sealed and fixedly connected to one end of the control cabin, the other end of the control cabin is sealed and fixedly connected to the tail, and the power cabin and the control cabin are separated by a partition. The high-pressure gas generator is installed inside the control cabin of the underwater vehicle shell and is fixedly connected to the bulkhead; the annular nozzle is composed of a low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle and a plurality of high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzles, the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle is composed of a plurality of curved pipe nozzles evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the fairing, and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle is composed of a plurality of curved pipe nozzles evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the power cabin; one end of the conduit is sealed and fixedly connected to the annular nozzle, and the other end is sealed and fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas generator, and it is ensured that the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator can be sprayed into the external fluid through the conduit and the annular nozzle, and the direction of the spray propulsion airflow is opposite to the direction of travel of the underwater vehicle; the air pressure control valve is sealed and connected to the conduit by a threaded connection, and the pressure and flow of the gas in the conduit can be controlled by adjusting the air pressure control valve.

[0035] The gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator is sprayed into the external fluid through the conduit via the annular nozzle. On the one hand, it can provide sufficient propulsion for the underwater vehicle shell. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas sprayed into the external fluid will generate a large number of bubbles and move along the outer surface of the underwater vehicle, so that the near-wall fluid is separated by the high-pressure gas, greatly reducing the fluid resistance. At the same time, the external fluid far from the wall will form a gas-liquid mixed flow, reduce the density and viscosity of the surrounding fluid, elastically absorb the kinetic energy in the turbulent boundary layer, and then affect the coherent structure of the entire near-wall flow field, greatly reduce the comprehensive friction resistance, and reduce turbulent stress and noise. At the same time, by adjusting the air pressure control valve, the flow rate of the high-pressure gas sprayed from the annular nozzle can be controlled, and then the size and number of bubbles on the surface of the underwater vehicle shell can be controlled, so that the underwater vehicle can maintain the best drag reduction effect under various working conditions.

[0036] Preferably, the underwater vehicle shell is made of metal or non-metallic material, the fairing is a semi-ellipsoidal shell, the power cabin and the control cabin are cylindrical shells, and the tail is a conical shell. There is one low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle, and two high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzles are distributed along the central axis of the power cabin. In addition, according to the longitudinal scale of the underwater vehicle and the propulsion and fluid characteristics, multiple high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzles can be added in engineering practice.

[0037] Example:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the underwater vehicle with integrated high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction of the present invention comprises an underwater vehicle shell 3, a low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1, a high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4, a conduit 5 and a high-pressure gas generator 7. The low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1 and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4 are through holes opposite to the direction of travel of the underwater vehicle and are arranged along the central axis direction of the underwater vehicle shell 3. The conduit 5 is a hollow circular tube, one end of which is sealed and fixedly connected to the annular nozzle (the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1 and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4), and the other end is sealed and fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas generator 7, and ensures that the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator 7 can be sprayed into the external fluid through the conduit 5 and the annular nozzle (the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1 and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4). The air pressure control valve 2 is connected to the conduit 5 by threaded sealing. The high-pressure gas generator 7 is located inside the power cabin 6 and is fixedly connected to the partition 8.

[0039] Combination Figure 2, the underwater vehicle shell 3 is described in detail: the underwater vehicle shell 3 includes a fairing 9, a power cabin 6, an annular nozzle (a low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1, a high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4), a partition 8, a control cabin 10 and a tail 11. The fairing 9 is sealed and fixedly connected to the power cabin 6; the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1 is composed of a plurality of elbow nozzles evenly arranged along the circumference of the fairing 9, and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4 is composed of a plurality of elbow nozzles evenly arranged along the circumference of the power cabin 6; the power cabin 6 and the control cabin 10 are sealed and fixedly connected, and the two are separated by a partition 8; the tail 11 is sealed and fixedly connected to the control cabin 10.

[0040] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the working principle of the present invention is described in detail: the gas 14 generated by the high-pressure gas generator 7 is sprayed into the external fluid 13 through the conduit 5 via the annular nozzle (low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1, high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4), and the spray direction of the gas 14 is opposite to the direction of travel of the underwater vehicle. On the one hand, it can provide sufficient propulsion for the underwater vehicle shell 3, and on the other hand, the gas sprayed into the external fluid 13 will generate a large number of bubbles 12 and move along the outer surface of the underwater vehicle shell 3, so that the near-wall fluid is separated by the high-pressure gas, greatly reducing the fluid resistance. At the same time, the external fluid far from the wall will form a gas-liquid mixed flow, reduce the density and viscosity of the surrounding fluid, elastically absorb the kinetic energy in the turbulent boundary layer, and then affect the coherent structure of the entire near-wall flow field, so that the comprehensive friction resistance is greatly reduced, and the turbulent stress and noise are reduced. Considering the actual needs of underwater vehicle speed regulation, the pressure of the gas 14 in the conduit 5 can be controlled by rotating the air pressure control valve 2, thereby controlling the speed of the underwater vehicle. At the same time, by adjusting the air pressure regulating valve 2 at different travel speeds, the size and number of bubbles 12 can also be regulated, so that the underwater vehicle can maintain the best drag reduction effect under various working conditions. In addition, when it is necessary to adjust the travel direction of the underwater vehicle, it is necessary to adjust the pressure of the gas 14 ejected from the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1 on one side of the fairing 9 (achieved by adjusting the air pressure regulating valve 2) so that the propulsion force on both sides of the underwater vehicle shell 3 is unbalanced, thereby realizing the steering function. In addition, when the underwater vehicle is stationary, that is, when the high-pressure gas generator 7 stops delivering high-pressure gas, the air pressure regulating valve 2 is tightened to prevent the external fluid 13 from flowing back into the conduit 5 through the annular nozzles (low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle 1, high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle 4).

Claims

1. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: It includes an underwater vehicle shell, a high-pressure gas generator, an annular nozzle, a conduit and an air pressure regulating valve; The underwater vehicle housing includes a deflector, a power cabin, a control cabin, a bulkhead and a tail; The deflector is sealed and fixedly connected to one end of the power cabin, the other end of the power cabin is sealed and fixedly connected to one end of the control cabin, the other end of the control cabin is sealed and fixedly connected to the tail, and the power cabin and the control cabin are separated by a partition; The high-pressure gas generator is installed inside the control cabin and fixedly connected to the partition; The annular nozzle includes a low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle and a high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle; the low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle is located at the front end of the fairing, is evenly arranged along the circumference of the fairing, and outputs low-pressure gas; The high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzles are located at the power cabin and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the power cabin to output high-pressure gas; One end of the conduit is sealed and fixedly connected to the annular nozzle, and the other end is sealed and fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas generator, and it is ensured that the gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator can be ejected into the external fluid through the conduit and the annular nozzle, and the direction of the ejected propulsion airflow is opposite to the travel direction of the underwater vehicle; The air pressure regulating valve is installed on the conduit and is sealed with the conduit through a thread. The pressure and flow of the gas in the conduit can be controlled by adjusting the air pressure regulating valve.

2. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The underwater vehicle shell is made of metal or non-metal material.

3. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The deflector is a semi-ellipsoidal shell.

4. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The power cabin and the control cabin are cylindrical shells.

5. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The tail portion is a conical shell.

6. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The conduit is a hollow circular tube.

7. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: Preferably, there is one group of low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzles, with two nozzles in each group; and there are two groups of high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzles, with four nozzles in each group.

8. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The low-pressure drag reduction and direction control annular nozzle and the high-pressure propulsion and drag reduction annular nozzle are through holes opposite to the traveling direction of the underwater vehicle and are arranged along the central axis direction of the underwater vehicle shell.

9. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator is sprayed into the external fluid through a conduit via an annular nozzle. On the one hand, it can provide sufficient propulsion for the underwater vehicle shell. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas sprayed into the external fluid will generate bubbles and move along the wall of the outer surface of the underwater vehicle, so that the near-wall fluid is separated by the high-pressure gas, thereby reducing the fluid resistance; the external fluid far from the wall will form a gas-liquid mixed flow, reduce the density and viscosity of the surrounding fluid, elastically absorb the kinetic energy in the turbulent boundary layer, and further affect the coherent structure of the entire near-wall flow field, thereby reducing the comprehensive friction resistance, turbulent stress and noise.

10. A high-pressure jet propulsion and bubble drag reduction integrated underwater vehicle, characterized in that: The air pressure regulating valve can control the flow rate of high-pressure gas sprayed from the annular nozzle, thereby regulating the size and number of bubbles on the surface of the underwater vehicle shell, so that the underwater vehicle can maintain the best drag reduction effect under various working conditions.

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