Segment External Pressure Control System for Subway Shield Tunnels Based on Automatic Monitoring

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to an external pressure control system for subway shield tunnel segments based on automatic monitoring. The system includes: a setting module that precisely identifies the segment structure and sets pressure, position, and strain sensors on the segments; a data acquisition module that collects sensor data in real time based on a preset frequency; a pressure analysis module that draws a pressure change graph and determines abnormal segment pressure, or adjusts the preset frequency; a deformation analysis module that receives a deformation analysis instruction, determines the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree determined by several real-time positions and the circumferential strain degree determined by several real-time resistance values, and adjusts the water pressure threshold to generate a water discharge instruction based on the comparison result with the preset deformation degree; a water discharge module that receives the water discharge instruction and determines the number and distribution of water inlet openings based on the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the segment deformation degree. The present invention ensures the safety of the subway shield tunnel segment structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to an external pressure control system for subway shield tunnel segments based on automatic monitoring. Background Art

[0002] When a subway shield passes through a hard rock area, the segments will be affected by fissure water in the rock stratum, resulting in diseases such as segment floating, joint leakage, sudden water inrush from segments, and even segment cracking. In urban construction, there is a close connection between the layout of underground facilities of subway shield tunnels and surrounding housing buildings.

[0003] The patent document with the Chinese patent application publication number CN109000899A discloses a measuring device for the opening amount of the shield tunnel segment gap, which is used to calculate the opening amount and seepage rate of the shield tunnel segment gap according to the water pressure at a certain depth. It includes a water bag clamped between two segment gaps, and is characterized in that the water bag is connected to an outer conduit and an inner conduit. Among them, the water bag is divided into three parts: a middle water bag, an outer water bag, and an inner water bag that are connected to each other. The middle water bag is clamped between two segments, the outer water bag is located outside the tunnel and is connected to the outer conduit, and the inner water bag is located inside the tunnel and is connected to the inner conduit; the outer conduit is a pressure pump that pumps water from the first water tank to the water bag, and a pressure gauge for measuring water pressure is connected to the pressure pump; the inner conduit is connected with a pressure control valve and a flow meter capable of measuring water pressure, which is used to drain the seeping water to the second water tank.

[0004] In the prior art, it mainly focuses on calculating the opening amount and seepage rate of the segment gap through water pressure, and mainly focuses on local hydraulics-related parameters at the segment gap, such as inferring the gap opening situation only by the water bag feeling the water pressure change between the gaps. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and real-time monitoring means for the water pressure distribution on the overall outer surface of the segment and the resulting overall deformation of the segment, which may lead to the inability to accurately grasp the actual pressure conditions borne by the entire segment in different regions, resulting in the problem of low structural safety of the subway shield tunnel segment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an external pressure control system for subway shield tunnel segments based on automatic monitoring, which can solve the problem of low structural safety of subway shield tunnel segments during the process of suffering from external water pressure by precisely adjusting the water pressure thresholds corresponding to each area of the subway shield tunnel segments and adjusting the water drainage strategy.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an external pressure control system for subway shield tunnel segments based on automatic monitoring, including:

[0007] A setting module for identifying the structure of the segments of a subway shield tunnel, and for setting a number of pressure sensors, a number of position sensors, and a number of strain gauges on the segments of the subway shield tunnel according to the structure identification result;

[0008] A data acquisition module, connected to the setting module, for collecting in real time a number of real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, collecting a number of real-time positions corresponding to any one of the position sensors, and collecting a number of real-time resistance values corresponding to any one strain gauge based on a preset frequency;

[0009] A pressure analysis module, connected to the data acquisition module, for drawing an actual pressure change graph according to a number of real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, analyzing the actual pressure change graph based on a preset water pressure threshold to determine single-point abnormal conditions, determining the number of abnormalities based on a number of single-point abnormal conditions, comparing the number of abnormalities with a preset number threshold, judging the segment pressure abnormality based on the result of the number comparison, or analyzing the change trend of the number of abnormalities and judging the segment pressure abnormality based on the result of the change trend analysis, or adjusting the preset frequency;

[0010] A deformation analysis module, connected to the pressure analysis module, for receiving the deformation analysis instruction, determining the radial deformation degree based on a number of the real-time positions, determining the circumferential strain degree based on a number of the real-time resistance values, determining the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree, adjusting the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result between the segment deformation degree and the preset deformation degree, and generating a water drainage instruction;

[0011] A water drainage module, connected to the deformation analysis module, for receiving the water drainage instruction and determining the opening quantity and opening distribution of the water inlet on the segments of the subway shield tunnel based on the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the segment deformation degree.

[0012] Further, the setting module includes:

[0013] A structure identification unit for identifying the corresponding crown area, haunch area, and invert area based on the preset installation state of any one of the segments of the subway shield tunnel;

[0014] A setting unit, connected to the structure identification unit, for setting a first preset interval, a second preset interval, and a third preset interval based on the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area, setting a number of pressure sensors and a number of position sensors based on the first preset interval, the second preset interval, and the third preset interval, and setting a number of strain gauges at the central positions corresponding to the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area and at the connection points between the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area;

[0015] Wherein, the first preset interval is less than the second preset interval which is less than the third preset interval.

[0016] Further, the pressure analysis module includes:

[0017] A single-point analysis unit, configured to draw an actual pressure change graph based on several of the real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, mark the curve segments in the actual pressure change graph that are greater than a preset water pressure threshold, compare the marked curve segments with preset curve segments, and determine single-point anomalies based on the curve segment comparison results, or analyze whether the change trend of the marked curve segments is increasing to determine whether there are single-point anomalies;

[0018] An anomaly determination unit, connected to the single-point analysis unit, configured to determine that the segment pressure is abnormal when the number of anomalies is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, and analyze the change trend of the number of anomalies to determine whether the segment pressure is abnormal when the number of anomalies is less than the preset number threshold;

[0019] A frequency adjustment unit, connected to the anomaly determination unit, configured to increase the preset frequency when the change trend of the number of anomalies does not increase.

[0020] Further, the deformation analysis module includes:

[0021] A first instruction receiving unit, configured to receive the deformation analysis instruction;

[0022] A radial analysis unit, configured to draw a displacement change curve based on several real-time positions, and determine the radial deformation degree based on the displacement change curve;

[0023] A circumferential analysis unit, configured to convert several of the real-time resistance values into several real-time circumferential strain values based on the resistance-strain characteristic equation of the strain gauge, draw a strain characteristic curve based on the several real-time circumferential strain values, and determine the circumferential strain degree according to the strain characteristic curve;

[0024] A deformation analysis unit, connected to the radial analysis unit and the circumferential analysis unit, configured to determine the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree;

[0025] A threshold adjustment unit, connected to the deformation analysis unit, configured to adjust the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result between the segment deformation degree and the preset deformation degree and generate a water discharge instruction.

[0026] Further, the radial analysis unit includes:

[0027] A single-point curve analysis subunit, configured to obtain several real-time positions corresponding to any one of the position sensors, draw a single-point displacement curve based on the several real-time positions, analyze the real-time displacement deviation in the single-point displacement curve, compare it with a preset displacement deviation, and determine single-point displacement anomalies according to the comparison result, or analyze the change trend of the single-point displacement curve to judge whether there are single-point displacement anomalies according to the trend change analysis result;

[0028] An overall analysis subunit, connected to the single-point curve analysis subunit, is used to judge the displacement anomaly distribution of several single-point displacements and determine the displacement anomaly distribution density;

[0029] A radial degree determination subunit, connected to the overall analysis subunit, is used to determine the radial deformation degree based on the displacement anomaly distribution density.

[0030] Further, the circumferential analysis unit includes:

[0031] A circumferential analysis subunit, which is used to draw a strain characteristic curve based on several real-time circumferential strain values, analyze the real-time strain deviation in the curve, compare it with a preset strain deviation, so as to determine single-point strain anomalies according to the comparison result, or analyze the change trend of the strain characteristic curve, so as to judge whether single-point strain is abnormal according to the trend change analysis result;

[0032] A strain analysis subunit, connected to the circumferential analysis subunit, is used to judge the strain anomaly distribution of several single-point strain anomalies and determine the strain anomaly distribution density;

[0033] A circumferential degree determination subunit, connected to the overall analysis subunit, is used to determine the circumferential strain degree based on the strain anomaly distribution density.

[0034] Further, the threshold adjustment unit includes:

[0035] A comparison subunit, which is used to compare the segment deformation degree with a preset deformation degree to obtain a deformation degree comparison result;

[0036] A threshold adjustment subunit, connected to the comparison subunit, is used to reduce the preset water pressure threshold when the segment deformation degree is greater than or equal to the preset deformation degree, and increase the preset water pressure threshold when the segment deformation degree is less than the preset deformation degree;

[0037] An instruction generation subunit, connected to the threshold adjustment subunit, is used to generate a water drainage instruction.

[0038] Further, the water drainage module includes:

[0039] A second instruction receiving unit, which is used to receive the water drainage instruction;

[0040] An opening quantity determination unit, connected to the second instruction receiving unit, is used to determine the opening quantity of the water inlet based on the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value;

[0041] An opening distribution determination unit, connected to the opening quantity determination unit, is used to determine the opening distribution of the water inlet based on the deformation distribution of the segments of the subway shield tunnel.

[0042] Further, the opening quantity determination unit includes:

[0043] A difference calculation sub-unit for calculating the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value;

[0044] A quantity determination sub-unit, connected to the difference calculation sub-unit, for determining the opening quantity of the water intake based on the comparison result between the difference and the preset difference.

[0045] Further, the opening distribution determination unit includes:

[0046] A deformation analysis sub-unit for respectively analyzing the deformation conditions corresponding to the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area;

[0047] A distribution determination sub-unit, connected to the deformation analysis sub-unit, for determining the opening distribution of the water intake based on the deformation conditions corresponding to the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. By setting the setting module to accurately identify the structure of the segment of the subway shield tunnel, the sensor layout can be carried out according to the characteristics of different areas. Pressure sensors, position sensors and strain gauges are reasonably set in the areas of key stress and prone to pressure changes, ensuring that the collected data is comprehensive and targeted, providing a basic guarantee for subsequent accurate pressure and deformation analysis, effectively avoiding data omission or deviation caused by unreasonable sensor layout, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring of the whole system. By setting the data acquisition module to collect various sensor data in real time based on a preset frequency, the state information of the segment at different moments can be continuously captured, providing a data source for timely grasping the stress and deformation dynamics of the segment, helping to detect the abnormal pressure or deformation as soon as it appears, avoiding the delay in detecting and dealing with potential safety hazards due to untimely data acquisition, and ensuring the safety and stability of the tunnel operation. By setting the pressure analysis module to draw the actual pressure change diagram and compare it with the preset water pressure threshold, the single-point abnormal situation can be accurately located, and the position and degree of the specific pressure abnormality can be clarified. Through the comprehensive analysis of multiple single-point abnormal situations, the number of abnormalities and their change trends can be determined. It can not only judge whether the overall pressure of the current segment is abnormal, but also predict in advance the development trend of the pressure abnormality, flexibly adjust the preset frequency according to the actual situation, optimize the data acquisition strategy, and improve the response sensitivity of the system to pressure changes. By setting the deformation analysis module to determine the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree respectively by combining the real-time position and the resistance value, and then obtain the overall deformation degree of the segment, overcoming the limitation of the single deformation index evaluation, and being able to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the true deformation state of the segment. After comparing the segment deformation degree with the preset deformation degree, the preset water pressure threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the result and a water discharge instruction is generated. When the deformation degree approaches or exceeds the safety range, the preset water pressure threshold is timely reduced and the water discharge is started, effectively preventing the segment from being damaged due to excessive deformation and ensuring the integrity and durability of the tunnel structure. By setting the water discharge module to determine the opening number and distribution of the water inlet according to the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the segment deformation degree, the intelligent and precise water discharge operation is realized, and the safety and reliability of the segment of the subway shield tunnel are improved.

[0049] In particular, the structural recognition unit accurately identifies the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area based on the preset installation state of the segment of the subway shield tunnel, enabling the subsequent installation of sensors to fully consider the stress characteristics and deformation law differences of different parts of the segment in the tunnel structure, laying a foundation for the reasonable layout of sensors, being able to collect data reflecting the state of key parts of the segment more pertinently, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the assessment of the segment structure health status by the entire monitoring system. By setting the setting unit to set different preset intervals according to the different characteristics of the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area to arrange the pressure sensors and position sensors, it avoids waste of resources caused by excessive installation of sensors, and at the same time prevents omission of key information due to insufficient installation, improving the monitoring efficiency of the sensor network. Strain gauges are arranged at the central positions corresponding to the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area and their joints to more accurately monitor the circumferential strain of the segment, deeply understand the stress distribution and deformation trend inside the segment, providing key data support for accurately assessing the safety of the segment structure, helping to detect potential disease risks such as cracks and damages that may occur in the segment in advance, and ensuring the safety of the segment of the subway shield tunnel.

[0050] In particular, by setting the single-point analysis unit to draw the actual pressure change diagram and compare it with the preset water pressure threshold, it can intuitively present the pressure change situation at the position monitored by the pressure sensor, mark the curve segments exceeding the threshold and compare them with the preset curve segments, or analyze their change trends to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality at a single pressure monitoring point. By setting the abnormality determination unit to comprehensively consider multiple single-point abnormal situations and make a judgment based on the comparison between the number of abnormalities and the preset number threshold. When the number of abnormalities reaches or exceeds the threshold, it can quickly determine that the overall pressure of the segment is in an abnormal state and take comprehensive countermeasures in a timely manner. When the number of abnormalities does not reach the threshold, further analyze the change trend of the number of abnormalities to detect the potential development trend of abnormal pressure in advance, providing a basis for preventive maintenance and adjustment of the monitoring strategy, ensuring the safety of the segment of the subway shield tunnel. Description of the Drawings

[0051] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the external pressure control system for the segment of the subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a logical determination diagram for the pressure analysis module in the external pressure control system for the segment of the subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention to determine whether there is a single-point abnormality at the point corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a logic decision diagram for determining whether the segment pressure is abnormal by the pressure analysis module in the segment external pressure control system of the subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the subway shield tunnel segment in the segment external pressure control system of the subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0058] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide a segment external pressure control system for a subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring. The system includes:

[0060] A setting module 10 for identifying the structure of the subway shield tunnel segment and setting a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of position sensors, and a plurality of strain gauges on the subway shield tunnel segment according to the structure identification result;

[0061] The data acquisition module 20, connected to the setting module 10, is used to collect a number of real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors in real time based on a preset frequency, collect a number of real-time positions corresponding to any one of the position sensors, and collect a number of real-time resistance values corresponding to any one of the strain gauges;

[0062] The pressure analysis module 30, connected to the data acquisition module 20, is used to draw an actual pressure change diagram according to a number of real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, analyze the actual pressure change diagram based on a preset water pressure threshold to determine single-point abnormal conditions, determine the number of abnormalities based on a number of single-point abnormal conditions, compare the number of abnormalities with a preset number threshold, determine the segment pressure abnormality based on the result of the number comparison, or analyze the change trend of the number of abnormalities, and determine the segment pressure abnormality based on the result of the change trend analysis, or adjust the preset frequency;

[0063] The deformation analysis module 40, connected to the pressure analysis module 30, is used to receive the deformation analysis instruction, determine the radial deformation degree based on a number of the real-time positions, determine the circumferential strain degree based on a number of the real-time resistance values, determine the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree, adjust the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result between the segment deformation degree and the preset deformation degree, and generate a water drainage instruction;

[0064] The water drainage module 50, connected to the deformation analysis module 40, is used to receive the water drainage instruction, and determine the opening number and opening distribution of the water inlet on the subway shield tunnel segment based on the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the segment deformation degree.

[0065] The external pressure control system for subway shield tunnel segments based on automatic monitoring of the present invention can be applied to a protective structure composed of a number of subway shield tunnel segment structures, and can be connected to a building water meter to adjust the water pressure in the tunnel in real time to ensure the safety and stability of the water meter.

[0066] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the setting module to accurately identify the structure of the segments of the subway shield tunnel, it is possible to layout sensors according to the characteristics of different regions, reasonably set pressure sensors, position sensors and strain gauges in the regions where key forces are applied and pressure changes are likely to occur, ensuring that the collected data is comprehensive and targeted, providing a basic guarantee for subsequent accurate pressure and deformation analysis, effectively avoiding data omission or deviation caused by unreasonable sensor layout, improving the accuracy and reliability of the entire system monitoring. By setting the data acquisition module to collect various sensor data in real time based on a preset frequency, it can continuously capture the state information of the segments at different times, providing a data source for timely grasping the dynamic force and deformation of the segments, helping to detect the abnormal pressure or deformation as soon as it appears, avoiding the delay in detecting and handling potential safety hazards due to untimely data acquisition, and ensuring the safety and stability of the tunnel operation. By setting the pressure analysis module to draw the actual pressure change diagram and compare it with the preset water pressure threshold, accurately locate the single-point abnormal situation, and clarify the position and degree of the specific pressure abnormality. Through the comprehensive analysis of multiple single-point abnormal situations, determine the number of abnormalities and their change trends, not only can judge whether the overall pressure of the current segment is abnormal, but also can early warn the development trend of the pressure abnormality, flexibly adjust the preset frequency according to the actual situation, optimize the data acquisition strategy, and improve the response sensitivity of the system to pressure changes. By setting the deformation analysis module to determine the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree respectively by combining the real-time position and the resistance value, and then obtain the overall deformation degree of the segment, overcoming the limitation of single deformation index evaluation, being able to more comprehensively and accurately reflect the true deformation state of the segment. After comparing the segment deformation degree with the preset deformation degree, dynamically adjust the preset water pressure threshold according to the result and generate a water discharge instruction. When the deformation degree approaches or exceeds the safety range, timely reduce the preset water pressure threshold and start water discharge, effectively preventing the segment from being damaged due to excessive deformation, and ensuring the integrity and durability of the tunnel structure. By setting the water discharge module to determine the opening number and distribution of the water inlet according to the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the segment deformation degree, realizing the intelligent and precise water discharge operation, and improving the safety and reliability of the subway shield tunnel segments.

[0067] Specifically, the setting module includes:

[0068] A structure recognition unit for recognizing the corresponding crown area, haunch area and invert area based on the preset installation state of any one of the subway shield tunnel segments;

[0069] A setting unit, connected to the structure recognition unit, is configured to set a first preset interval, a second preset interval, and a third preset interval based on the crown region, the haunch region, and the invert region, set a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of position sensors based on the first preset interval, the second preset interval, and the third preset interval, and set a plurality of strain gauges at the central positions corresponding to the crown region, the haunch region, and the invert region and at the joints between the crown region, the haunch region, and the invert region;

[0070] Wherein, the first preset interval is less than the second preset interval which is less than the third preset interval.

[0071] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structure recognition unit accurately identifies the crown region, the haunch region, and the invert region based on the preset installation state of the segment of the subway shield tunnel, so that the subsequent setting of sensors can fully consider the stress characteristics and deformation law differences of different parts of the segment in the tunnel structure, laying a foundation for the reasonable layout of sensors, being able to collect data reflecting the state of key parts of the segment more pertinently, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the assessment of the segment structure health status by the entire monitoring system. By setting the setting unit to set different preset intervals according to the different characteristics of the crown, haunch, and invert regions to arrange pressure sensors and position sensors, it avoids waste of resources caused by excessive setting of sensors, and at the same time prevents omission of key information due to insufficient setting, improving the monitoring efficiency of the sensor network. Strain gauges are set at the central positions corresponding to the crown region, the haunch region, and the invert region and at the joints between them to more accurately monitor the circumferential strain of the segment, deeply understand the stress distribution and deformation trend inside the segment, provide key data support for accurately evaluating the safety of the segment structure, and help to detect in advance the risk of diseases such as cracks and damages that may occur in the segment, ensuring the safety of the segment of the subway shield tunnel.

[0072] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, a first preset interval is set for the crown region, a second preset interval is set for the haunch region, and a third preset interval is set for the invert region.

[0073] It can be understood that the preset installation state described in the embodiments of the present invention refers to the specific position and direction of the subway shield tunnel segment in the tunnel ring structure, including its position relative to the tunnel axis, inclination angle, etc. On this basis, in the embodiments of the present invention, the crown area corresponding to the subway shield tunnel segment is the top area of the subway shield tunnel segment, usually corresponding to the top of the tunnel, which is the main area in the tunnel structure that bears the pressure of the overlying soil and groundwater. The springing area is the segment part located on both sides of the tunnel, connecting the crown and the invert, which plays a role in supporting and stabilizing the tunnel structure and is the part in the tunnel structure that bears the lateral soil and groundwater pressure. The invert area is the bottom area of the subway shield tunnel segment, usually corresponding to the bottom of the tunnel, which is the part in the tunnel structure that bears the pressure of the underlying soil and groundwater. Among them, the specific division of the crown area, springing area and invert area can be analyzed by analyzing the forces at various positions of the subway shield tunnel segment. The area that bears the pressure of the overlying soil and groundwater is taken as the crown area, the area that bears the pressure of the underlying soil and groundwater is taken as the invert area, and the remaining area is taken as the springing area.

[0074] It can be understood that the settings of the first preset interval, the second preset interval and the third preset interval in the embodiments of the present invention are determined according to different regions. Since the crown area bears the main pressure of the overlying soil and groundwater and is subject to greater forces, a denser sensor arrangement is required to capture subtle force changes. Therefore, the first preset interval should be relatively small. Although the springing area also bears a certain amount of lateral pressure, compared with the crown area, its forces are more dispersed. Therefore, the second preset interval can be slightly larger. The invert area usually has relatively small forces, but still needs to be monitored to prevent abnormalities. Therefore, the third preset interval can be set to be the largest. Among them, for example, the first preset interval can be set to 1 / 20 of the perimeter of the subway shield tunnel segment, the second preset interval can be set to 1 / 10 of the perimeter of the subway shield tunnel segment, and the third preset interval can be set to 1 / 5 of the perimeter of the subway shield tunnel segment.

[0075] It can be understood that the central position in the embodiments of the present invention can reflect the overall force and deformation degree of the region, and the connection points are often weak links due to the geometric changes of the structure and the turning of force transmission.

[0076] Specifically, the pressure analysis module includes:

[0077] A single-point analysis unit is used to draw an actual pressure change diagram based on a number of the real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, mark the curve segments in the actual pressure change diagram that are greater than the preset water pressure threshold, compare the marked curve segments with the preset curve segments, and determine single-point abnormalities based on the curve segment comparison results, or analyze whether the change trend of the marked curve segments is increasing to determine whether there are single-point abnormalities;

[0078] An abnormality determination unit, connected to the single-point analysis unit, is configured to determine that the segment pressure is abnormal when the number of abnormalities is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, and analyze the change trend of the number of abnormalities when the number of abnormalities is less than the preset number threshold, so as to determine whether the segment pressure is abnormal;

[0079] A frequency adjustment unit, connected to the abnormality determination unit, is configured to increase the preset frequency when the change trend of the number of abnormalities does not increase.

[0080] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 as shown, which is a logical decision diagram for the pressure analysis module of this embodiment to determine whether a single point corresponding to any of the pressure sensors is abnormally single-point.

[0081] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 as shown, which is a logical decision diagram for the pressure analysis module of this embodiment to determine whether the segment pressure is abnormal.

[0082] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the single-point analysis unit to draw an actual pressure change graph and compare it with a preset water pressure threshold, the pressure change situation at the position monitored by the pressure sensor can be intuitively presented. The curve segments exceeding the threshold are marked and compared with the preset curve segments, or their change trends are analyzed to accurately determine whether there are abnormalities at individual pressure monitoring points. By setting the abnormality determination unit to comprehensively consider multiple single-point abnormality situations and make a judgment based on the comparison between the number of abnormalities and the preset number threshold, when the number of abnormalities reaches or exceeds the threshold, the overall segment pressure can be quickly determined to be in an abnormal state, and comprehensive countermeasures can be taken in a timely manner. When the number of abnormalities does not reach the threshold, the change trend of the number of abnormalities is further analyzed to detect the potential development trend of pressure abnormalities in advance, providing a basis for preventive maintenance and adjustment of the monitoring strategy. By setting the frequency adjustment unit, when the change trend of the number of abnormalities does not increase, by increasing the data acquisition frequency, more detailed pressure change information can be obtained, and the subtle characteristics of pressure fluctuations can be captured more accurately, which helps to further analyze the stability of abnormal pressure or potential change factors, ensuring the safety of the segments of the subway shield tunnel.

[0083] It can be understood that the graphic analysis unit in the embodiment of the present invention can determine a single-point anomaly when the curve segment length corresponding to the marked curve segment is greater than or equal to the curve segment length corresponding to the preset curve segment. When the curve segment length corresponding to the marked curve segment is less than the curve segment length corresponding to the preset curve segment, the real-time length of the marked curve segment can be detected in real time, and a length change graph can be drawn based on several real-time lengths to analyze the length change trend of the marked curve segment. When the length change trend increases, a single-point anomaly is determined. When the length change trend decreases, a single-point normality is determined. Among them, the change trend of the curve can be determined by calculating the slope corresponding to two adjacent points on the curve. If the slope value is positive, the trend change increases. If the slope is negative, the trend change decreases. Judging the curve trend change is a prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0084] It can be understood that the anomaly determination unit in the embodiment of the present invention is used to determine the segment pressure anomaly when the number of anomalies is greater than or equal to the preset number threshold. When the number of anomalies is less than the preset number threshold, the change trend of the number of corresponding single-point anomalies within a period of time is continuously monitored and analyzed. When the number of anomalies increases, the segment pressure anomaly is determined. When the number of anomalies does not increase, the preset frequency is increased to 1.5 times the preset frequency.

[0085] It can be understood that the preset number threshold in the embodiment of the present invention can be set to 10% of the total number of corresponding pressure sensors.

[0086] See Figure 4 As shown, the deformation analysis module 40 includes:

[0087] A first instruction receiving unit 41 for receiving the deformation analysis instruction;

[0088] A radial analysis unit 42 for drawing a displacement change curve based on several real-time positions and determining the radial deformation degree based on the displacement change curve;

[0089] A circumferential analysis unit 43 for converting several real-time resistance values into several real-time circumferential strain values based on the resistance-strain characteristic equation of the strain gauge, drawing a strain characteristic curve based on the several real-time circumferential strain values, and determining the circumferential strain degree according to the strain characteristic curve;

[0090] A deformation analysis unit 44 connected to the radial analysis unit 42 and the circumferential analysis unit 43 for determining the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree;

[0091] A threshold adjustment unit 45 connected to the deformation analysis unit 44 for adjusting the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result between the segment deformation degree and the preset deformation degree and generating a water discharge instruction.

[0092] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the instruction receiving unit, it is ensured that the module can accurately execute the predetermined analysis task. By setting the radial analysis unit, it provides an intuitive understanding of the radial deformation of the segment, providing basic data for subsequent analysis. By setting the circumferential analysis unit, it provides a quantitative analysis of the circumferential strain of the segment, which helps to understand the force conditions of the segment in different directions. By setting the deformation analysis unit, it provides a comprehensive evaluation of the overall deformation of the segment, providing important information for the safety assessment of the segments of the subway shield tunnel. By setting the threshold adjustment unit, it dynamically adjusts the system control strategy to ensure that the external pressure on the segment is within the safe range, ensuring the safety of the segments of the subway shield tunnel.

[0093] It can be understood that the deformation analysis module 40 in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: when the degree of segment deformation is greater than or equal to the preset deformation degree, reducing the preset water pressure threshold and generating a water drainage instruction; when the degree of segment deformation is less than the preset deformation degree, increasing the preset water pressure threshold.

[0094] It can be understood that the preset water pressure threshold in the embodiment of the present invention is the maximum water pressure value that the segments of the subway shield tunnel can withstand under normal working conditions, and this value is preset according to the tunnel design parameters and geological conditions. If the maximum water pressure value that a segment of the subway shield tunnel can withstand under normal working conditions is 0.8 MPa, then the preset water pressure threshold can be set to 0.7 MPa.

[0095] Specifically, the radial analysis unit includes:

[0096] A single-point curve analysis sub-unit, which is used to obtain a plurality of real-time positions corresponding to any one of the position sensors, draw a single-point displacement curve based on the plurality of real-time positions, analyze the real-time displacement deviation in the single-point displacement curve, compare it with the preset displacement deviation, so as to determine the single-point displacement abnormality according to the comparison result, or analyze the change trend of the single-point displacement curve, so as to judge whether the single-point displacement is abnormal according to the result of the trend change analysis;

[0097] An overall analysis sub-unit, connected to the single-point curve analysis sub-unit, which is used to judge the displacement abnormality distribution of a plurality of single-point displacement abnormalities and determine the displacement abnormality distribution density;

[0098] A radial degree determination sub-unit, connected to the overall analysis sub-unit, which is used to determine the radial deformation degree based on the displacement abnormality distribution density.

[0099] It can be understood that the single-point curve analysis sub-unit in the embodiment of the present invention is used to determine the single-point displacement abnormality when the real-time displacement deviation is greater than or equal to the preset displacement deviation, and analyze the change trend of the single-point displacement curve when the real-time displacement deviation is less than the preset displacement deviation, and judge the single-point displacement abnormality when the corresponding change trend is upward.

[0100] It can be understood that the real-time displacement deviation in the embodiments of the present invention is the cumulative sum of the position differences at adjacent moments in the single-point displacement curve. For example, the displacement difference between moment 1 and moment 2 is 2 mm, the displacement difference between moment 2 and moment 3 is 3 mm, and the displacement difference between moment 3 and moment 4 is 4 mm. Adding these three position differences: 2 mm + 3 mm + 4 mm = 9 mm, the cumulative sum of the real-time displacement deviation is obtained as 9 mm. Herein, adjacent moments refer to any two consecutive sampling points as adjacent moments.

[0101] It can be understood that the preset displacement deviation in the embodiments of the present invention is the maximum deformation that the segment can withstand without structural damage, which is usually determined by engineering standards and safety factors. If the maximum deformation that a subway shield tunnel segment can withstand without structural damage is 2 mm, then the preset displacement deviation can be set to 1.5 mm.

[0102] It can be understood that the overall analysis sub-unit in the embodiments of the present invention determines the displacement anomaly distribution density by drawing the distribution of displacement anomalies on the segment structure diagram according to the collected single-point displacement anomaly information to obtain a displacement anomaly distribution map. Herein, the single-point displacement anomaly information may include the coordinates of the anomaly point, the position of the anomaly point, etc.

[0103] According to the displacement anomaly distribution map, calculate the displacement anomaly distribution density, which can be completed by calculating the ratio of the area of the anomaly region to the total area of the monitoring region.

[0104] It can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention use the displacement anomaly distribution density as a numerical value for quantitatively evaluating the radial deformation degree.

[0105] Specifically, the circumferential analysis unit includes:

[0106] A circumferential analysis sub-unit for drawing a strain characteristic curve based on a number of real-time circumferential strain values, analyzing the real-time strain deviation in the curve, comparing it with the preset strain deviation to determine single-point strain anomalies according to the comparison result, or analyzing the change trend of the strain characteristic curve to judge whether the single-point strain is abnormal according to the trend change analysis result;

[0107] A strain analysis sub-unit connected to the circumferential analysis sub-unit for judging the strain anomaly distribution of a number of single-point strain anomalies and determining the strain anomaly distribution density;

[0108] A circumferential degree determination sub-unit connected to the overall analysis sub-unit for determining the circumferential strain degree based on the strain anomaly distribution density.

[0109] It can be understood that for a metal resistance strain gauge in the embodiments of the present invention, its resistance-strain characteristic equation can usually be expressed as Where ΔR is the change in resistance, \(R_0\) is the initial resistance of the strain gauge when it is not strained, K is the sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge (determined by the material and manufacturing process of the strain gauge, usually provided by the manufacturer), and ε is the strain value (including axial strain, transverse strain, etc., and here we mainly focus on the circumferential strain). After the strain gauge is pasted on the inner surface of the segment of the subway shield tunnel and the measurement circuit is connected, when the segment is not subjected to external water pressure (i.e., in the unstrained state), a high-precision resistance measuring instrument is used to measure the initial resistance value of the strain gauge and record it as \(R_0\). This initial resistance value is an important reference parameter for subsequent strain calculation. The real-time resistance value \(R\) of the strain gauge during the process of the segment bearing water pressure is collected at a preset frequency. t , then the resistance change amount ΔR = \(R - R_0\). t Substitute the measured ΔR, the known \(R_0\), and the sensitivity coefficient K of the strain gauge into the resistance-strain characteristic equation Then the circumferential strain value, for example, if the sensitivity coefficient K of the strain gauge = 2, the initial resistance \(R_0\) = 120 Ω, and the real-time resistance value \(R\) t = 120.24 Ω at a certain moment is collected, then ΔR = 0.24 Ω, and then the circumferential strain value ε = 1000×10 -6 . Among them, during the resistance-strain conversion process, attention should also be paid to the influence of environmental factors such as temperature on the resistance value, and it can be corrected by a temperature compensation algorithm to ensure obtaining an accurate circumferential strain value.

[0110] It can be understood that the circumferential analysis sub-unit described in the embodiment of the present invention is used to determine a single-point strain anomaly when the real-time strain deviation is greater than or equal to the preset strain deviation, and analyze the change trend of the resistance-strain characteristic curve when the real-time strain deviation is less than the preset strain deviation, and judge a single-point strain anomaly when its corresponding change trend is upward.

[0111] It is understandable that the preset strain deviation in the embodiments of the present invention first considers the mechanical properties of the segment material. For example, for concrete segments, the ultimate tensile strain is generally between 100 - 300 microstrains (με). To ensure the safety of the segment structure, the preset strain deviation can be set as a certain proportion of the ultimate tensile strain (such as 30% - 50%). Assuming the ultimate tensile strain of the concrete segment is 200 με, if it is set according to 40%, the preset strain deviation can be 80 με. When the strain approaches a certain proportion of the material's ultimate strain, the risk of segment failure will increase significantly, and timely warning is required. The preset strain deviation can also be determined by combining engineering experience. By analyzing and summarizing the segment strain monitoring data in previous subway shield tunnel projects, the preset strain deviation can be determined. If it is found in multiple similar projects that when the segment strain deviation reaches a certain value, the probability of segment diseases (such as cracks, leakage, etc.) increases significantly, then this value can be used as a reference for the preset strain deviation. For example, through statistics, it is found that when the strain deviation reaches 60 με, the probability of the segment having minor cracks is about 10%, and this value can be used as a reference value for the preset strain deviation.

[0112] It is understandable that the strain analysis sub - unit in the embodiments of the present invention determines the strain abnormal distribution density by drawing the distribution of displacement anomalies on the segment structure diagram based on the collected single - point strain abnormal information. Among them, the single - point displacement abnormal information may include the coordinates of the abnormal point, the position of the abnormal point, etc.

[0113] According to the displacement abnormal distribution diagram, calculate the displacement abnormal distribution density, which can be completed by calculating the ratio of the abnormal area to the total area of the monitoring area.

[0114] It is understandable that the embodiments of the present invention use the strain abnormal distribution density as a numerical value for quantitatively evaluating the circumferential strain degree.

[0115] Specifically, the threshold adjustment unit includes:

[0116] A comparison sub - unit for comparing the segment deformation degree with the preset deformation degree to obtain a deformation degree comparison result;

[0117] A threshold adjustment sub - unit connected to the comparison sub - unit for reducing the preset water pressure threshold when the segment deformation degree is greater than or equal to the preset deformation degree, and increasing the preset water pressure threshold when the segment deformation degree is less than the preset deformation degree;

[0118] An instruction generation sub - unit connected to the threshold adjustment sub - unit for generating a water discharge instruction.

[0119] It can be understood that the threshold adjustment subunit in the embodiments of the present invention adjusts the preset water pressure threshold according to the comparison result. When the degree of segment deformation is greater than or equal to the preset deformation degree, it means that the segment may have withstood excessive external water pressure or there are other adverse factors causing excessive deformation. In order to reduce the risk of further deformation of the segment, it is necessary to reduce the preset water pressure threshold, thereby avoiding the risk of segment deformation damage caused by too large a water pressure threshold setting in the next cycle; when the degree of segment deformation is less than the preset deformation degree, it indicates that the segment is in a safe state, and the preset water pressure threshold can be appropriately increased to improve the stability and reliability of the system and avoid frequent triggering of drainage operations due to excessive sensitivity.

[0120] Specifically, the drainage module 50 includes:

[0121] A second instruction receiving unit for receiving the drainage instruction;

[0122] An opening quantity determination unit, connected to the second instruction receiving unit, for determining the opening quantity of the water intake based on the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value;

[0123] An opening distribution determination unit, connected to the opening quantity determination unit, for determining the opening distribution of the water intake based on the deformation distribution of the segments of the subway shield tunnel.

[0124] See Figure 4 As shown, it is a possible structural schematic diagram of the segments of the subway shield tunnel in the embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the shield segment; 2 is the stress sheet; 3 is the water storage tank; 4 is the water intake; 5 is the pressure sensor; 6 is the position sensor. When the pressure analysis module and the deformation analysis module determine that the pressure of the shield segment is abnormal and the deformation is abnormal, the water intake 4 is opened, and water flows into the interior of the water storage tank 3 through the water intake 4 to prevent further liquefaction of the soil and damage to the shield segment.

[0125] It can be understood that the opening quantity determination unit in the embodiments of the present invention determines the number of water intakes to be opened according to the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value. When the difference is large, it indicates that it is necessary to quickly reduce the water pressure outside the segment, and at this time, more water intakes should be opened; when the difference is small, it indicates that the water pressure has approached or is slightly lower than the preset water pressure threshold, and at this time, fewer water intakes can be opened or the current state can be maintained for observation.

[0126] It can be understood that the opening distribution determination unit in the embodiments of the present invention determines the opening distribution of the water intake according to the deformation distribution of the segments of the subway shield tunnel. If the deformation is mainly concentrated in a certain area, then more water intakes should be opened near that area to more effectively reduce the water pressure in that area; if the deformation distribution is relatively uniform, the water intakes can be opened relatively evenly.

[0127] Specifically, the opening quantity determination unit includes:

[0128] A difference calculation subunit, configured to calculate the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value;

[0129] A quantity determination subunit, connected to the difference calculation subunit, configured to determine the opening quantity of the water diversion port based on the comparison result between the difference and the preset difference.

[0130] It can be understood that the difference calculation subunit in the embodiment of the present invention calculates the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value. This difference reflects the gap between the current water pressure and the desired water pressure, and is an important basis for determining the opening quantity of the water diversion port.

[0131] It can be understood that when the difference is greater than the preset difference, the quantity determination subunit in the embodiment of the present invention increases the preset opening quantity. When the difference is less than the preset difference, the quantity determination subunit decreases the preset opening quantity. When the difference is greater than the preset difference, it means that the current water pressure exceeds the desired water pressure to a relatively serious extent. At this time, it is necessary to increase the preset opening quantity to accelerate the water discharge speed and quickly reduce the water pressure outside the segment. For example, if the preset opening quantity was originally set to 3, when the difference is greater than the preset difference, it may be increased to 5 or more. The specific adjustment range can be further refined according to the size of the difference. The greater the difference, the more the opening quantity increases to enhance the water discharge capacity and make the water pressure return to the safe range as soon as possible. On the contrary, when the difference is less than the preset difference, it indicates that although the current water pressure is higher than the preset water pressure threshold, the deviation degree is small. At this time, appropriately reducing the preset opening quantity can not only achieve slow water discharge to avoid problems such as instability of the surrounding strata caused by too fast water discharge speed, but also maintain the stability of the water pressure to a certain extent and prevent new safety hazards caused by excessive water discharge. For example, if the original preset opening quantity is 4, when the difference is less than the preset difference, it can be reduced to 2. Through this refined control, the water pressure outside the segment can be smoothly adjusted to be close to or equal to the preset water pressure threshold, ensuring that the tunnel operates safely and stably. At the same time, it also improves the intelligence and automation level of the entire water discharge control system, reducing the frequency and uncertainty of manual intervention. Among them, the preset difference can be set to 1 / 100 of the preset water pressure threshold, and the preset opening quantity can be set to 1 / 10 of the total number of water diversion ports.

[0132] It can be understood that when the quantity determination subunit in the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the opening quantity of the water diversion port, it may need to follow a certain strategy, such as gradually increasing or decreasing the opening quantity to avoid sudden changes in water pressure.

[0133] Specifically, the opening distribution determination unit includes:

[0134] A deformation analysis sub-unit, which is used to analyze the corresponding deformation conditions of the crown area, the waist area and the bottom area of the arch respectively;

[0135] A distribution determination sub-unit, connected to the deformation analysis sub-unit, which is used to determine the opening distribution of the water intake based on the corresponding deformation conditions of the crown area, the waist area and the bottom area of the arch.

[0136] It can be understood that the distribution determination sub-unit in the embodiment of the present invention determines the opening distribution of the water intake according to the deformation conditions of each monitoring area. If the deformation of a certain monitoring area is large, it indicates that the water pressure in this area may be high, and more water intakes need to be opened to reduce the water pressure; if the deformation is small, fewer water intakes can be opened or kept closed. In this way, precise control of the opening distribution of the water intake can be achieved, thereby more effectively reducing the water pressure outside the segment.

[0137] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0138] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segment external pressure control system for subway shield tunnels based on automatic monitoring, characterized in that, Including: A setting module, configured to identify the structure of the segments of a subway shield tunnel, and set a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of position sensors, and a plurality of strain gauges on the segments of the subway shield tunnel according to the structure identification result; A data acquisition module, connected to the setting module, configured to collect a plurality of real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, collect a plurality of real-time positions corresponding to any one of the position sensors, and collect a plurality of real-time resistance values corresponding to any one of the strain gauges in real time based on a preset frequency; A pressure analysis module, connected to the data acquisition module, configured to draw an actual pressure change diagram according to a plurality of real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, analyze the actual pressure change diagram based on a preset water pressure threshold to determine single-point abnormal conditions, determine the number of abnormalities based on a plurality of single-point abnormal conditions, compare the number of abnormalities with a preset number threshold, determine that the segment pressure is abnormal based on the result of the number comparison, or analyze the change trend of the number of abnormalities, and determine that the segment pressure is abnormal based on the result of the change trend analysis, or adjust the preset frequency; A deformation analysis module, connected to the pressure analysis module, configured to receive a deformation analysis instruction, determine the radial deformation degree based on a plurality of the real-time positions, determine the circumferential strain degree based on a plurality of the real-time resistance values, determine the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree, and adjust the preset water pressure threshold and generate a water discharge instruction based on the comparison result between the segment deformation degree and the preset deformation degree; A water discharge module, connected to the deformation analysis module, configured to receive the water discharge instruction, and determine the opening number and opening distribution of the water inlets on the segments of the subway shield tunnel based on the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the segment deformation degree; The setting module includes: A structure identification unit, configured to identify the corresponding crown area, haunch area, and invert area of any one of the segments of the subway shield tunnel based on the preset installation state; A setting unit, connected to the structure identification unit, configured to set a first preset interval, a second preset interval, and a third preset interval based on the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area, set a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of position sensors based on the first preset interval, the second preset interval, and the third preset interval, and set a plurality of strain gauges at the central positions corresponding to the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area and at the connection points between the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area; Wherein, the first preset interval is less than the second preset interval is less than the third preset interval.

2. The external pressure control system for the segment of the subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 1, wherein The pressure analysis module includes: A single-point analysis unit, configured to draw an actual pressure change diagram according to a plurality of the real-time pressure values corresponding to any one of the pressure sensors, mark the curve segments corresponding to values greater than the preset water pressure threshold in the actual pressure change diagram, compare the marked curve segments with the preset curve segments, determine single-point abnormalities based on the result of the curve segment comparison, or analyze whether the change trend of the marked curve segments is increasing to determine whether a single point is abnormal; An abnormality determination unit, connected to the single-point analysis unit, configured to determine that the segment pressure is abnormal when the number of abnormalities is greater than or equal to the preset number threshold, and analyze the change trend of the number of abnormalities when the number of abnormalities is less than the preset number threshold to determine whether the segment pressure is abnormal; A frequency adjustment unit, connected to the anomaly determination unit, is configured to increase the preset frequency when the change trend of the number of anomalies does not increase.

3. The external pressure control system for the segments of a subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 2, wherein The deformation analysis module includes: A first instruction receiving unit, configured to receive the deformation analysis instruction; A radial analysis unit, configured to draw a displacement change curve based on a plurality of real-time positions, and determine the radial deformation degree based on the displacement change curve; A circumferential analysis unit, configured to convert a plurality of the real-time resistance values into a plurality of real-time circumferential strain values based on the resistance-strain characteristic equation of the strain gauge, draw a strain characteristic curve based on the plurality of real-time circumferential strain values, and determine the circumferential strain degree according to the strain characteristic curve; A deformation analysis unit, connected to the radial analysis unit and the circumferential analysis unit, is configured to determine the segment deformation degree based on the radial deformation degree and the circumferential strain degree; A threshold adjustment unit, connected to the deformation analysis unit, is configured to adjust the preset water pressure threshold based on the comparison result between the segment deformation degree and the preset deformation degree and generate a water discharge instruction.

4. The external pressure control system for the segments of a subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 3, wherein, The radial analysis unit includes: A single-point curve analysis subunit, configured to obtain a plurality of real-time positions corresponding to any one of the position sensors, draw a single-point displacement curve based on the plurality of real-time positions, analyze the real-time displacement deviation in the single-point displacement curve, compare it with the preset displacement deviation, and determine the single-point displacement anomaly according to the comparison result, or analyze the change trend of the single-point displacement curve to determine whether the single-point displacement is abnormal according to the trend change analysis result; An overall analysis subunit, connected to the single-point curve analysis subunit, is configured to judge the displacement anomaly distribution of a plurality of single-point displacement anomalies and determine the displacement anomaly distribution density; A radial degree determination subunit, connected to the overall analysis subunit, is configured to determine the radial deformation degree based on the displacement anomaly distribution density.

5. The segment external pressure control system for subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 4, wherein, The circumferential analysis unit includes: A circumferential analysis subunit, configured to draw a strain characteristic curve based on a plurality of real-time circumferential strain values, analyze the real-time strain deviation in the curve, compare it with the preset strain deviation, and determine the single-point strain anomaly according to the comparison result, or analyze the change trend of the strain characteristic curve to determine whether the single-point strain is abnormal according to the trend change analysis result; A strain analysis subunit, connected to the circumferential analysis subunit, is configured to judge the strain anomaly distribution of a plurality of single-point strain anomalies and determine the strain anomaly distribution density; A circumferential degree determination subunit, connected to the overall analysis subunit, is configured to determine the circumferential strain degree based on the strain anomaly distribution density.

6. The external pressure control system for the segments of a subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 5, wherein The threshold adjustment unit includes: A comparison subunit, configured to compare the segment deformation degree with the preset deformation degree to obtain a deformation degree comparison result; A threshold adjustment subunit, connected to the comparison subunit, is configured to decrease the preset water pressure threshold when the segment deformation degree is greater than or equal to the preset deformation degree, and increase the preset water pressure threshold when the segment deformation degree is less than the preset deformation degree; An instruction generation subunit, connected to the threshold adjustment subunit, is configured to generate a water discharge instruction.

7. The external pressure control system for the segments of a subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water discharge module includes: A second instruction receiving unit, configured to receive the water discharge instruction; An opening quantity determination unit, connected to the second instruction receiving unit, is configured to determine the opening quantity of the water inlet based on the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value; An opening distribution determination unit, connected to the opening quantity determination unit, is configured to determine the opening distribution of the water inlet based on the deformation distribution of the segments of the subway shield tunnel.

8. The external pressure control system for the segments of a subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 7, wherein, The opening quantity determination unit includes: A difference calculation sub-unit, configured to calculate the difference between the adjusted preset water pressure threshold and the current water pressure value; A quantity determination sub-unit, connected to the difference calculation sub-unit, is configured to determine the opening quantity of the water inlet based on the comparison result between the difference and the preset difference.

9. The external pressure control system for the segment of the subway shield tunnel based on automatic monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The opening distribution determination unit includes: A deformation analysis sub-unit, configured to analyze the corresponding deformation conditions of the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area respectively; A distribution determination sub-unit, connected to the deformation analysis sub-unit, is configured to determine the opening distribution of the water inlet based on the corresponding deformation conditions of the crown area, the haunch area, and the invert area.

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