A method for improving farmland fertility

Abstract

The application relates to the field of farmland fertility improvement, and discloses a farmland fertility improvement method, which comprises data acquisition, data screening, primary data analysis, soil nutrient adjustment, secondary data analysis and evaluation, pH value detection and monitoring feedback. The farmland fertility data of farmland are collected in real time through a soil comprehensive sensor, farmland with low fertility is screened out, and then the soil nutrients are preliminarily analyzed and evaluated; the soil with insufficient nutrients is adjusted; the soil with sufficient nutrients is subjected to next-step analysis; the soil structure is subjected to secondary analysis and evaluation of the compactness; the soil with high compactness is adjusted; the soil with low compactness is subjected to next-step pH value detection; whether the soil pH value needs to be adjusted is judged; the soil which does not need to be adjusted is continuously monitored; the soil with unqualified pH value is subjected to pH value adjustment; and the improvement effect of the farmland fertility is monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of improving farmland fertility, and more particularly to a method for improving farmland fertility. Background Art

[0002] As agricultural production continues, long-term cultivation and irrational use have led to a gradual decline in soil fertility, affecting crop yields and quality. Therefore, improving farmland fertility is crucial to ensuring food security. Farmland with sufficient fertility can provide sufficient nutrients to promote the growth and development of crops, thereby increasing food production. The main method for improving farmland fertility is to scientifically apply organic and chemical fertilizers based on soil nutrient status and crop needs to improve soil fertility.

[0003] However, the above process still has the following disadvantages:

[0004] First, the effectiveness of improving farmland fertility needs to be verified through scientific monitoring and evaluation. However, the monitoring system in some areas is currently incomplete, making it impossible to accurately grasp changes in soil fertility in a timely manner, which affects technical improvements and decision-making.

[0005] Second, existing methods for improving farmland fertility lack the ability to screen key parameters and conduct scientific evaluations, which may lead to inaccurate diagnosis of soil problems, resulting in blind fertilization and improvement. It is impossible to screen and evaluate soil conditions step by step from multiple aspects and formulate targeted soil fertility improvement plans. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving farmland fertility to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for improving farmland fertility, comprising:

[0008] S1: Real-time monitoring and collection of farmland fertility data of farmland through integrated soil sensors, automatic storage of the collected farmland fertility data to the data processing center, and transmission of the collected farmland fertility data to S2;

[0009] S2: Analyze the collected farmland soil fertility data to obtain the farmland soil fertility index, screen out farmland with low soil fertility, and transmit the screened farmland data to S3;

[0010] S3: Measure and obtain soil nutrient parameters from the selected farmland with low soil fertility, conduct preliminary analysis, and obtain soil nutrient assessment coefficients. The soil nutrient abundance and deficiency status is assessed using the soil nutrient assessment coefficients to preliminarily determine whether the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to insufficient soil nutrients. If so, the preliminary analysis results are transmitted to S4; if not, the preliminary analysis results are transmitted to S5.

[0011] S4: Based on the judgment that low farmland fertility is related to insufficient soil nutrients, calculate the estimated application rate of each soil nutrient parameter, formulate soil nutrient improvement measures based on the estimated application rate of each soil nutrient parameter to adjust the insufficient soil nutrients, and then re-analyze and evaluate the improved soil nutrients;

[0012] S5: Measure and obtain soil structure parameters from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, perform secondary analysis, and obtain a soil structure evaluation coefficient. Use the soil structure evaluation coefficient to evaluate the soil compaction, and again determine whether the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to the soil compaction. If the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to the high soil compaction, immediately adjust the soil compaction, and re-analyze and evaluate the adjusted soil compaction. If the low soil fertility of the farmland is not related to the high soil compaction, transmit the secondary analysis result to S6;

[0013] S6: measuring and obtaining the pH value of the soil from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, determining whether the soil pH of the farmland with low soil fertility is within the range of 6.0-7.5, and transmitting the determination result of soil pH adjustment to S7;

[0014] S7: Monitor the improvement effect of farmland soil fertility in real time, and generate a soil fertility improvement monitoring report and feed it back to the management personnel terminal.

[0015] Preferably, the soil integrated sensor in S1 integrates a variety of sensor elements for real-time monitoring of soil temperature, humidity, conductivity, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil compaction. The soil integrated sensor is buried in farmland soil to collect farmland fertility data in real time, and transmits the data to the data processing center through wireless communication technology to process the farmland fertility data, including data cleaning, missing value processing, outlier detection and data integration; the various sensor elements include soil nutrient sensors, pH sensors, soil compaction sensors, conductivity sensors and humidity sensors.

[0016] Preferably, the S2 analyzes the collected farmland fertility data and calculates the farmland fertility index as

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, S represents the farmland fertility index, V i represents the actual measured value of the i-th farmland fertility parameter collected, V imin represents the minimum value of the i-th farmland fertility parameter in all farmlands, V imax represents the maximum value of the i-th farmland fertility parameter in all farmlands, w i represents the weight coefficient of the i-th farmland fertility parameter, and n represents the total number of farmland fertility parameters collected.

[0019] The farmland fertility index S is compared with a preset standard fertility threshold s to determine whether the farmland fertility is low. When S < s, it is determined that the farmland fertility is unqualified, and the farmland at this time is determined to be low in fertility. When S ≥ s, it is determined that the farmland fertility is good, and the farmland fertility data is continuously monitored.

[0020] Preferably, the calculation formula of the soil nutrient evaluation coefficient of S3 is

[0021] C = N × a1 + P × a2 + K × a3 + OM × a4

[0022] Wherein, C represents the soil nutrient evaluation coefficient, N represents the nitrogen content in the soil, P represents the phosphorus content in the soil, K represents the potassium content in the soil, OM represents the organic matter content in the soil, a1, a2, a3, a4 are weight coefficients, and the specific values of a1, a2, a3, a4 are adjusted according to the soil type.

[0023] The soil nutrient evaluation coefficient C is compared with a preset soil nutrient threshold c. When C < c, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is related to the insufficient soil nutrients, and the evaluation result is transmitted to S4 for soil nutrient improvement processing. When C ≥ c, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is not related to the insufficient soil nutrients, and the evaluation result is transmitted to S5 for further analysis.

[0024] Preferably, the calculated application amount prediction value of each soil nutrient parameter in S4 includes: nitrogen fertilizer application amount prediction value, phosphorus fertilizer application amount prediction value, potassium fertilizer application amount prediction value and organic matter application amount prediction value, which are represented by G(N), G(P), G(K) and G(R) respectively, and the expressions of G(N), G(P), G(K) and G(R) are as follows:

[0025] G(N) = (c N -c ON ) × h O × 10 -1

[0026]

[0027] G(K) = (c K -c OK)×h O ×10 -1

[0028]

[0029] Among them, c N Indicates the target nitrogen concentration, h O It indicates the thickness of the effective soil layer, that is, the thickness of the layer that provides the water and nutrients required for crop growth;

[0030] c P represents the target phosphorus concentration, c OP represents soil test phosphorus concentration, d P represents the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer;

[0031] c K represents the target potassium concentration, c OK Indicates soil test potassium concentration;

[0032] c R Indicates the target organic matter content, c OR Indicates the organic matter content of soil test, d R Indicates the decomposition rate of organic matter, g O Indicates soil bulk density;

[0033] The management personnel adjust the soil nutrients based on the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter required for calculation, and return the adjusted soil nutrients to S3 for analysis and evaluation until the soil nutrient evaluation result exceeds the preset soil nutrient threshold, and then analyze the soil structure.

[0034] Preferably, when receiving the result that the low farmland fertility is not related to insufficient soil nutrients, S5 performs a secondary analysis of the soil structure and calculates the soil structure evaluation coefficient using the following formula:

[0035] X=B1 -1 ×f1+B2×f2+B3×f3

[0036] Where X represents the soil structure assessment coefficient, B1 represents the soil bulk density, B2 represents the soil porosity, B3 represents the permeability, and f1, f2, and f3 are weight coefficients. The specific values ​​can be determined according to crop requirements.

[0037] The soil structure assessment coefficient X is compared with the preset standard soil structure threshold x. If X < x, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is related to the high soil compaction. At this time, the management personnel are prompted to adjust the soil compaction immediately. After the adjustment is completed, the soil structure is re-analyzed and evaluated until the soil structure assessment coefficient exceeds the preset standard soil structure threshold. Then, the soil pH is continued to be tested. If X ≥ x, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is not related to the high soil compaction, and the judgment result is transmitted to S6.

[0038] Preferably, the S6 first collects multiple soil samples from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, sends the collected soil samples to the laboratory to measure the pH value using pH test paper, and then compares the measured soil pH value with the normal range value. If the measured soil pH value falls within 6.0-7.5, the soil pH is appropriate, the soil pH of the fertile underground farmland is normal, and the soil pH continues to be monitored. If the measured soil pH value exceeds the range of 6.0-7.5, the management personnel must be immediately prompted to adjust the soil pH, and a soil pH adjustment instruction is generated and transmitted to S7.

[0039] Preferably, the S7 provides feedback to the management personnel by receiving the soil pH adjustment instruction, prompting the management personnel to adjust the soil pH, and monitors the entire process of improving farmland fertility in real time, and automatically generates a soil fertility improvement monitoring report and sends it to the management personnel.

[0040] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0041] The present invention monitors and collects farmland fertility data of farmland in real time by providing a soil comprehensive sensor, analyzes the collected farmland fertility data, screens out farmland with low fertility, and then extracts soil nutrient parameters from the screened farmland with low fertility, performs preliminary analysis and evaluation of soil nutrients, adjusts soil with insufficient nutrients, and performs further analysis on soil with sufficient nutrients, extracts soil structure parameters from the screened farmland with low fertility, performs secondary analysis and evaluation of the compactness of the soil structure, adjusts soil with high compactness, and performs further pH value detection on soil with low compactness to determine whether soil pH adjustment is required. The H value is adjusted, the soil that does not need to be adjusted is continued to be monitored, the pH value of the soil that does not meet the pH standard is adjusted, and the improvement effect of farmland soil fertility is monitored in real time, and a soil fertility improvement monitoring report is generated and fed back to the management personnel terminal. The farmland soil fertility screening and adjustment process can be used to monitor and evaluate the improvement effect of farmland soil fertility, and the soil fertility changes can be grasped in time, and farmland with low soil fertility can be adjusted dynamically in real time. At the same time, by screening key parameters and conducting scientific evaluations, soil problems can be diagnosed in time, and the soil status can be screened and evaluated step by step from multiple aspects to formulate targeted soil fertility improvement plans, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and reliability of farmland soil fertility improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for improving farmland fertility. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely examples. The method for improving farmland fertility involved in the present invention is not limited to the various structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The present invention provides a method for improving farmland fertility, comprising:

[0045] S1: Real-time monitoring and collection of farmland soil fertility data of farmland is carried out through soil integrated sensors, the collected farmland soil fertility data is automatically stored in the data processing center, and the collected farmland soil fertility data is transmitted to S2.

[0046] In this embodiment, the soil integrated sensor in S1 integrates multiple sensor elements for real-time monitoring of soil temperature, humidity, conductivity, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil compaction. The soil integrated sensor is buried in farmland soil to collect farmland fertility data in real time, and transmits the data to the data processing center through wireless communication technology to process the farmland fertility data, including data cleaning, missing value processing, outlier detection and data integration; the multiple sensor elements include soil nutrient sensors, pH sensors, soil compaction sensors, conductivity sensors and humidity sensors.

[0047] S2: Analyze the collected farmland soil fertility data to obtain the farmland soil fertility index, screen out farmland with low soil fertility, and transmit the screened farmland data to S3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the S2 analyzes the collected farmland fertility data and calculates the farmland fertility index as

[0049]

[0050] Among them, S represents the farmland fertility index, V i represents the actual measured value of the i-th farmland soil fertility parameter collected, V imin represents the minimum value of the soil fertility parameter of the i-th farmland among all farmlands, V imax represents the maximum value of the soil fertility parameter of the i-th farmland among all farmlands, w i represents the weight coefficient of the i-th farmland soil fertility parameter, and n represents the total number of farmland soil fertility parameters collected;

[0051] Compare the farmland soil fertility index S with the preset standard soil fertility threshold s to determine whether the farmland soil fertility is low; when S < s, the farmland soil fertility is judged to be unqualified and the farmland at this time is judged to have low soil fertility; when S ≥ s, the farmland soil fertility is judged to be good and the farmland soil fertility data continues to be monitored.

[0052] S3: Measure and obtain soil nutrient parameters from the selected farmlands with low soil fertility, conduct preliminary analysis, and obtain soil nutrient assessment coefficients. Use the soil nutrient assessment coefficients to assess the abundance and deficiency of soil nutrients, and preliminarily determine whether the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to insufficient soil nutrients. If so, transmit the preliminary analysis results to S4; if not, transmit the preliminary analysis results to S5.

[0053] In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the soil nutrient evaluation coefficient of S3 is:

[0054] C=N×a1+P×a2+K×a3+OM×a4

[0055] Wherein, C represents the soil nutrient assessment coefficient, N represents the nitrogen content in the soil, P represents the phosphorus content in the soil, K represents the potassium content in the soil, OM represents the organic matter content in the soil, a1, a2, a3, and a4 are weight coefficients, and the specific values ​​of a1, a2, a3, and a4 are adjusted according to the soil type;

[0056] The soil nutrient assessment coefficient C is compared with the preset soil nutrient threshold c. When C<c, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is related to insufficient soil nutrients, and the assessment result is transmitted to S4 for soil nutrient improvement processing; when C≥c, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is not related to insufficient soil nutrients, and the assessment result is transmitted to S5 for further analysis.

[0057] S4: Based on the judgment that low farmland fertility is related to insufficient soil nutrients, calculate the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter respectively, formulate soil nutrient improvement measures based on the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter to adjust the insufficient soil nutrients, and then re-analyze and evaluate the improved soil nutrients.

[0058] In this embodiment, the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter calculated in S4 includes: an estimated nitrogen fertilizer application amount, an estimated phosphorus fertilizer application amount, an estimated potash fertilizer application amount, and an estimated organic matter application amount, which are represented by G(N), G(P), G(K), and G(R), respectively. The expressions of G(N), G(P), G(K), and G(R) are as follows:

[0059] G(N)=(c N -c ON )×h O ×10 -1

[0060]

[0061] G(K)=(c K -c OK )×h O ×10 -1

[0062]

[0063] Among them, c N Indicates the target nitrogen concentration, h O It indicates the thickness of the effective soil layer, that is, the thickness of the layer that provides the water and nutrients required for crop growth;

[0064] c P represents the target phosphorus concentration, c OP represents soil test phosphorus concentration, d P represents the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer;

[0065] c K represents the target potassium concentration, c OK Indicates soil test potassium concentration;

[0066] c R Indicates the target organic matter content, c OR Indicates the organic matter content of soil test, d R Indicates the decomposition rate of organic matter, g O Indicates soil bulk density;

[0067] The management personnel adjust the soil nutrients based on the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter required for calculation, and return the adjusted soil nutrients to S3 for analysis and evaluation until the soil nutrient evaluation result exceeds the preset soil nutrient threshold, and then analyze the soil structure.

[0068] It should be noted that the management personnel adjust the soil nutrients according to the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter required for calculation, including:

[0069] If the target nitrogen concentration is 80 mg / kg, the soil test nitrogen concentration is 50 mg / kg, and the effective soil layer thickness is 25 cm, the required nitrogen fertilizer application rate is estimated to be 750 kg / ha;

[0070] If the target phosphorus concentration is 40 mg / kg, the soil test phosphorus concentration is 15 mg / kg, the effective soil layer thickness is 25 cm, and the phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate is 20%, the required phosphorus fertilizer application rate is estimated to be 321.5 kg / ha;

[0071] If the target potassium concentration is 200 mg / kg, the soil test potassium concentration is 150 mg / kg, and the effective soil layer thickness is 25 cm, the estimated potassium fertilizer application rate is 125 kg / ha;

[0072] If the target organic matter content is 4%, the soil test organic matter content is 2%, the effective soil layer thickness is 25 cm, the organic matter decomposition rate is 50%, and the soil bulk density is 1.3 kg / L, the estimated amount of organic matter application required is 130 kg / ha.

[0073] S5: Measure and obtain soil structure parameters from the screened farmlands with low soil fertility, conduct secondary analysis, and obtain a soil structure assessment coefficient. Use the soil structure assessment coefficient to assess the soil compaction, and again determine whether the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to the soil compaction. If the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to the high soil compaction, immediately adjust the soil compaction, and re-analyze and evaluate the adjusted soil compaction. If the low soil fertility of the farmland is not related to the high soil compaction, transmit the secondary analysis results to S6.

[0074] In this embodiment, when the S5 receives the result that the low farmland fertility is not related to insufficient soil nutrients, it performs a secondary analysis of the soil structure and calculates the soil structure evaluation coefficient using the following formula:

[0075] X=B1 -1 ×f1+B2×f2+B3×f3

[0076] Where X represents the soil structure assessment coefficient, B1 represents the soil bulk density, B2 represents the soil porosity, B3 represents the permeability, and f1, f2, and f3 are weight coefficients. The specific values ​​can be determined according to crop requirements.

[0077] The soil structure assessment coefficient X is compared with the preset standard soil structure threshold x. If X < x, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is related to the high soil compaction. At this time, the management personnel are prompted to adjust the soil compaction immediately. After the adjustment is completed, the soil structure is re-analyzed and evaluated until the soil structure assessment coefficient exceeds the preset standard soil structure threshold. Then, the soil pH is continued to be tested. If X ≥ x, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is not related to the high soil compaction, and the judgment result is transmitted to S6.

[0078] It should be specified that soil structural parameters include soil bulk density B1, soil porosity B2, and permeability B3;

[0079] The soil bulk density B1 is obtained as follows:

[0080] Use a ring knife sampler to collect soil samples in the field, place the retrieved soil sample in a container of known volume, dry the soil sample to remove moisture, weigh the dry soil sample, and calculate the soil bulk density using the weight g of the dry soil sample and the volume v of the soil sample.

[0081] The soil porosity B2 is obtained as follows:

[0082] Direct measurement of soil porosity using the water displacement method;

[0083] The permeability B3 is obtained as follows:

[0084] Use a double-ring infiltrator in the selected test field. Drive the double-ring infiltrator into the soil to 20 cm, then add water to the inner ring. The water head height is 10 cm at the beginning, and record the time when the water begins to penetrate. Record the water head height every 30 minutes. When the water head height remains stable, record the water head height and the amount of water that has penetrated at this time, and calculate the permeability at the same time. l is the amount of seepage water, t is the seepage time, and a is the area of ​​the inner ring.

[0085] S6: Measure and obtain the pH value of the soil from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, determine whether the soil pH of the farmland with low soil fertility is within the range of 6.0-7.5, and transmit the determination result of soil pH adjustment to S7.

[0086] In this embodiment, S6 first collects multiple soil samples from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, sends the collected soil samples to the laboratory for pH value measurement using pH test paper, and then compares the measured soil pH value with the normal range value. If the measured soil pH value falls within 6.0-7.5, the soil pH is appropriate and the soil pH of the farmland with underground soil fertility is normal. The soil pH continues to be monitored. If the measured soil pH value exceeds the range of 6.0-7.5, the management personnel must be immediately prompted to adjust the soil pH, and a soil pH adjustment instruction is generated and transmitted to S7.

[0087] S7: Monitor the improvement effect of farmland soil fertility in real time, and generate a soil fertility improvement monitoring report and feed it back to the management personnel terminal.

[0088] In this embodiment, the S7 provides feedback to the management personnel by receiving the soil pH adjustment instruction, prompting the management personnel to adjust the soil pH, and monitors the entire process of improving farmland fertility in real time, and automatically generates a soil fertility improvement monitoring report and sends it to the management personnel.

[0089] It should be noted that S7 will monitor the adjustment of soil pH in real time until the soil pH is adjusted to the normal range, and the production stop adjustment instruction will be fed back to the management terminal.

[0090] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving farmland fertility, characterized by: include: S1: Real-time monitoring and collection of farmland fertility data of farmland through integrated soil sensors, automatic storage of the collected farmland fertility data to the data processing center, and transmission of the collected farmland fertility data to S2; S2: Analyze the collected farmland soil fertility data to obtain the farmland soil fertility index, screen out farmland with low soil fertility, and transmit the screened farmland data to S3; S3: Measure and obtain soil nutrient parameters from the selected farmland with low soil fertility, conduct preliminary analysis, and obtain soil nutrient assessment coefficients. The soil nutrient abundance and deficiency status is assessed using the soil nutrient assessment coefficients to preliminarily determine whether the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to insufficient soil nutrients. If so, the preliminary analysis results are transmitted to S4; if not, the preliminary analysis results are transmitted to S5. S4: Based on the judgment that low farmland fertility is related to insufficient soil nutrients, calculate the estimated application rate of each soil nutrient parameter, formulate soil nutrient improvement measures based on the estimated application rate of each soil nutrient parameter to adjust the insufficient soil nutrients, and then re-analyze and evaluate the improved soil nutrients; The estimated values ​​of the application amount of each soil nutrient parameter calculated in S4 include: the estimated value of nitrogen fertilizer application amount, the estimated value of phosphorus fertilizer application amount, the estimated value of potassium fertilizer application amount and the estimated value of organic matter application amount, respectively. 、 、 and Indicates that, and 、 、 and The expression is as follows: ; ; ; ; in, represents the target nitrogen concentration, It indicates the thickness of the effective soil layer, that is, the thickness of the layer that provides the water and nutrients required for crop growth; represents the target phosphorus concentration, Indicates soil test phosphorus concentration, represents the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer; represents the target potassium concentration, Indicates soil test potassium concentration; Indicates the target organic matter content, Indicates the organic matter content of soil test, Indicates the decomposition rate of organic matter, Indicates soil bulk density; The management personnel adjust the soil nutrients according to the estimated application amount of each soil nutrient parameter required for calculation, and return the adjusted soil nutrients to S3 for analysis and evaluation until the soil nutrient evaluation result exceeds the preset soil nutrient threshold, and then analyze the soil structure; S5: Measure and obtain soil structure parameters from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, perform secondary analysis, and obtain a soil structure evaluation coefficient. Use the soil structure evaluation coefficient to evaluate the soil compaction, and again determine whether the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to the soil compaction. If the low soil fertility of the farmland is related to the high soil compaction, immediately adjust the soil compaction, and re-analyze and evaluate the adjusted soil compaction. If the low soil fertility of the farmland is not related to the high soil compaction, transmit the secondary analysis result to S6; S6: measuring and obtaining the pH value of the soil from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, determining whether the soil pH of the farmland with low soil fertility is within the range of 6.0-7.5, and transmitting the determination result of soil pH adjustment to S7; S7: Monitor the improvement effect of farmland soil fertility in real time, and generate a soil fertility improvement monitoring report and feed it back to the management personnel terminal.

2. The method for improving farmland fertility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil integrated sensor in S1 integrates multiple sensor elements for real-time monitoring of soil temperature, humidity, conductivity, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil compaction. The soil integrated sensor is buried in farmland soil to collect farmland fertility data in real time, and transmits the data to the data processing center through wireless communication technology for processing of the farmland fertility data, including data cleaning, missing value processing, outlier detection and data integration; the multiple sensor elements include soil nutrient sensors, pH sensors, soil compaction sensors, conductivity sensors and humidity sensors.

3. The method for improving farmland fertility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 analyzes the collected farmland fertility data and calculates the farmland fertility index as ; in, represents the farmland fertility index, Indicates the collected i The actual measured values ​​of farmland soil fertility parameters, Indicates the i The minimum value of the soil fertility parameter of a farmland among all farmlands, Indicates the i The maximum value of the soil fertility parameter of a farmland among all farmlands, Indicates the i The weight coefficient of each farmland soil fertility parameter, n Indicates the total number of farmland soil fertility parameters collected; Farmland fertility index Compare with the preset standard soil fertility threshold s to determine whether the farmland soil fertility is low; when When the soil fertility of the farmland is less than s, the farmland is judged to be unqualified and the soil fertility of the farmland is judged to be low. When ≥s, the soil fertility of the farmland is judged to be good, and the farmland soil fertility data will continue to be monitored.

4. The method for improving farmland fertility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the soil nutrient evaluation coefficient of S3 is: ; in, represents the soil nutrient assessment coefficient, Indicates the nitrogen content in the soil. Indicates the phosphorus content in the soil. Indicates the potassium content in the soil. Indicates the organic matter content in the soil. , , , is the weight coefficient, and , , , The specific value of is adjusted according to the soil type; Soil nutrient assessment coefficient Compared with the preset soil nutrient threshold c, when When <c, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is related to insufficient soil nutrients, and the evaluation results are transmitted to S4 for soil nutrient improvement; when When ≥c, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is not related to insufficient soil nutrients, and the evaluation results are transmitted to S5 for further analysis.

5. The method for improving farmland fertility according to claim 1, characterized in that: When receiving the result that the low farmland fertility is not related to insufficient soil nutrients, S5 performs a secondary analysis of the soil structure and calculates the soil structure evaluation coefficient using the following formula: ; in, represents the soil structure assessment coefficient, represents the soil bulk density, represents the soil porosity, represents the permeability, is the weight coefficient, and its specific value can be determined according to crop requirements; Soil structure assessment coefficient Compared with the preset standard soil structure threshold x, if <x, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is related to the high degree of soil compaction. At this time, the management personnel are prompted to adjust the soil compaction immediately. After the adjustment is completed, the soil structure is re-analyzed and evaluated until the soil structure evaluation coefficient exceeds the preset standard soil structure threshold. Then, the soil pH is tested again. If ≥x, it is determined that the low farmland fertility is not related to the high degree of soil compaction, and the determination result is transmitted to S6.

6. The method for improving farmland fertility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 first collects multiple soil samples from the screened farmland with low soil fertility, sends the collected soil samples to the laboratory for pH value measurement using pH test paper, and then compares the measured soil pH value with the normal range value. If the measured soil pH value falls within 6.0-7.5, the soil pH is appropriate and the soil pH of the farmland with underground soil fertility is normal. The soil pH continues to be monitored. If the measured soil pH value exceeds the range of 6.0-7.5, the management personnel must be immediately prompted to adjust the soil pH, and a soil pH adjustment instruction is generated and transmitted to S7.

7. The method for improving farmland fertility according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 receives the soil pH adjustment instruction and provides feedback to the management personnel, prompting the management personnel to adjust the soil pH, and monitors the entire process of improving farmland fertility in real time, and automatically generates a soil fertility improvement monitoring report and sends it to the management personnel.

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