Drive device and vehicle having such drive device

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive device (10), comprising a first shaft (12) having a first toothing (14), a second shaft (16) having a second toothing (18), the first shaft (12) and the second shaft (16) being rotatable about an axis of rotation (20), the second shaft (16) being designed as a hollow shaft, the first toothing (14) being arranged in the first shaft (12), the second toothing (18) being arranged in the second shaft (16), and the second toothing (18) being arranged in the second shaft (16). A first toothing (14) of the first shaft (12) and a second toothing (18) of the second shaft (16) form a plug toothing (22) for transmitting a torque and at least one lubricant channel (24) for guiding lubricant into the second shaft (16). The invention also relates to a vehicle having at least one such drive device (10).

Description

Background Art

[0001] In drives with a rotor shaft and a drive shaft that are coupled to each other in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a plug toothing, the plug toothing (or spline) is subject to wear and friction corrosion over time. In order to prevent this as much as possible, the plug toothing is lubricated. This can be done by means of grease lubrication (which is sealed, for example, by means of an O-ring) or by means of a lubricant flow supplied to the plug toothing.

[0002] DE 10 2019 219 218 A1 discloses such a drive device, in which the lubrication of the plug toothing can be carried out by means of a targeted lubricant flow.

[0003] A disadvantage here is that, in order to achieve a targeted lubricant flow, a lubricant pump for conveying the lubricant must usually be used. Without a lubricant pump, a targeted lubricant flow is usually not possible. Summary of the invention

[0004] According to the invention, a drive device, in particular for a vehicle, is proposed, which comprises a first shaft having a first toothing. The first shaft can be designed as a rotor shaft of an electric machine.

[0005] The drive device further comprises a second shaft having a second toothing. The second shaft can be configured as a transmission input shaft. The second shaft can be a part of the transmission, which is arranged in the transmission interior space.

[0006] The first shaft and the second shaft can rotate about the rotation axis. The second shaft is configured as a hollow shaft. The first toothing of the first shaft and the second toothing of the second shaft form a plug toothing (or spline) for transmitting torque. In other words, the first shaft and the second shaft are coupled to each other in a torque-proof manner, in particular by means of the plug toothing. The first shaft and the second shaft can overlap each other axially in the area of ​​the plug toothing.

[0007] The drive device comprises at least one lubricant channel for guiding the lubricant into the second shaft. The lubricant channel can be configured as a lubricant rib and / or a lubricant reservoir. The lubricant can be oil.

[0008] Therefore, the lubricant can be guided into the second shaft (hollow shaft) through the lubricant channel by means of stirring lubrication and delivered to the plug gear through the second shaft. In this way, passive forced lubrication of the plug gear can be achieved without using a lubricant pump or an oil pump. Therefore, the drive device is particularly designed without an oil pump.

[0009] As a result, the plug toothing can be supplied with lubricant in a targeted manner by means of agitation lubrication and can be lubricated in this manner. Particles that may have been produced in the plug toothing due to wear (or erosion) can thus be transported away in a targeted manner with the lubricant. As a result, a cost-effective, robust and mechanically simple solution can be provided for lubricating the plug toothing. In particular, no seals or other wear-prone elements are required for lubricating the plug toothing.

[0010] Herein, "axial" or "axial direction" refers to a direction oriented along or parallel to the axis of rotation. In other words, the axis of rotation is oriented along the axial direction. Correspondingly, "radial" or "radial direction" refers to a direction oriented perpendicular to and emanating from the axis of rotation.

[0011] According to a further development, the lubricant channel can be arranged in the region of the end of the second shaft facing away from the first shaft. The lubricant channel can be opened or extend into the end facing away from the first shaft. With the help of the lubricant channel, the lubricant can be guided into the second shaft in a simple manner.

[0012] According to a further development, the second shaft can have a plug element to prevent lubricant from escaping. The plug element can be conically shaped. The plug element can be arranged at the end of the second shaft facing away from the first shaft. The plug element can prevent lubricant from escaping from the end of the second shaft facing away from the first shaft. The plug element can prevent lubricant from unintentionally flowing back from the second shaft, for example, into the transmission interior. All lubricant introduced into the second shaft can thus be used to lubricate the plug toothing.

[0013] According to an improved solution, the first shaft can have at least one lubricant groove on its outer side for guiding lubricant, in particular oil, on the outer side of the first shaft in a targeted manner. The lubricant groove can have an axial (axially oriented) section and a radial (radially oriented) section. The shape of the lubricant groove can depend on the contour of the outer side of the first shaft. A plurality of lubricant grooves can be arranged on the outer side of the first shaft, and these lubricant grooves are distributed at equal angles (equidistantly) on the circumference of the first shaft. As a result, the lubricant can be guided in a targeted manner on the outer side of the first shaft.

[0014] Alternatively or additionally, according to an improved solution, the first shaft and the second shaft can be supported by means of a (common) bearing. The first shaft and the second shaft can be supported in the region of the plug toothing by means of a (common) bearing. The (common) bearing may include a bearing inner ring (and a bearing outer ring). The bearing inner ring may contact the first shaft and the second shaft. To this end, the bearing inner ring may optionally have an axial length greater than the bearing outer ring. The bearing inner ring may have at least one lubricant opening for purposefully guiding lubricant, in particular oil, through the bearing inner ring. The lubricant opening may be configured as a through hole (or oil hole). The lubricant opening may be radially oriented. A plurality of lubricant openings may be provided on the bearing inner ring, which are distributed at equal angles (equidistantly) on the circumference of the bearing inner ring. The lubricant can thereby be directed through the bearing inner ring in a targeted manner.

[0015] According to a further development, a radial shaft sealing ring can be arranged on the first shaft. The radial shaft sealing ring can be arranged axially spaced apart from the (common) bearing. By means of the radial shaft sealing ring, for example, an electric machine (which can in particular drive the first shaft or the rotor shaft) can be isolated from the interior of the transmission (or from the lubricant arranged therein).

[0016] According to a further development, the drive device can have a lubricant guide ring for guiding lubricant, in particular oil, in a targeted manner to a (common) bearing and / or a radial shaft sealing ring. The lubricant guide ring can be arranged between the (common) bearing and the radial shaft sealing ring. The lubricant guide ring surrounds the first shaft, in particular radially outwardly around the first shaft. The lubricant guide ring is preferably fixed relative to the first shaft (the lubricant guide ring does not rotate with the rotating shaft in the rotating shaft). For this purpose, the lubricant guide ring can be mounted in a housing of the drive device in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0017] The lubricant ring may have a first section which is oriented radially to the first shaft (or the axis of rotation), in particular adjacent to the first shaft. The lubricant ring may have a second section which is oriented axially to the first shaft (or the axis of rotation), in particular spaced apart from the first shaft. The first section may be arranged between the second section and the first shaft. The first section may be adjacent to the second section. With the aid of the lubricant guide ring (for example by selecting the shape and / or size of the lubricant guide ring), the amount of lubricant which is guided to the (common) bearing and / or the radial shaft sealing ring may be set as required.

[0018] According to an improved solution, the first toothing of the first shaft can be configured as an external toothing, and the second toothing of the second shaft can be configured as an internal toothing. As a result, the first shaft, in particular, extends into the second shaft (hollow shaft) with its first toothing. In other words, the second toothing of the second shaft can be mounted on the first toothing of the first shaft.

[0019] According to an improved solution, the first shaft can be configured as a hollow shaft, the first toothing of the first shaft can be configured as an internal toothing, and the second toothing of the second shaft can be configured as an external toothing. As a result, the second shaft, in particular, extends into the first shaft (hollow shaft) with its second toothing. In other words, the first toothing of the first shaft can be mounted on the second toothing of the second shaft.

[0020] The drive device can be designed, for example, as an E-axis or form a component of an E-axis.

[0021] According to the invention, a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, is proposed, which has at least one drive device according to the above-described embodiments. For the advantages that can be achieved thereby, please refer to the relevant embodiments regarding the drive device. The measures described in conjunction with the drive device and / or to be explained below can be used for further design solutions of the vehicle.

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 shows a cut-away portion of a cross-sectional view of a drive device according to a first embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 Shown according to Figure 1 a cutaway portion of a perspective view of a first shaft of a drive device; and

[0025] Figure 3 A cutaway portion of a cross-sectional view of a drive device according to a second embodiment is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The drive device Figure 1 10 is designated as a whole in the drawing. The drive device 10 comprises a first shaft 12 having a first toothing 14. The first toothing 14 is designed in the present case as an external toothing 44. The first shaft 12 is designed in the present case as a rotor shaft of an electric motor 13.

[0027] The drive device 10 has a second shaft 16 with a second toothing 18. In the present case, the second toothing 18 is designed as an internal toothing 46. In the present case, the second shaft 16 is designed as a transmission input shaft of a transmission 17 which is arranged in the transmission interior 15.

[0028] The first shaft 12 and the second shaft 16 are configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis 20. The first shaft 12 extends into the second shaft 16, and the second shaft is configured as a hollow shaft. The toothing 14, 18 of the two shafts 12, 16 forms a plug toothing 22. The first shaft 12 and the second shaft 16 are coupled or connected to each other in a rotationally fixed manner via the plug toothing 22, which is formed by the first toothing 14 and the second toothing 18.

[0029] The drive device 10 comprises a lubricant channel 24. The lubricant channel 24 is arranged in the region of an end 26 of the second shaft 16 facing away from the first shaft 12 and partially extends into the second shaft 16. Figure 1 During the rotation of the individual elements of the transmission 17, the lubricant can be conveyed or thrown upward from the lubricant pool (stirring lubrication) in the transmission interior 15. The lubricant thus enters the lubricant channel 24 and is guided from there to the second shaft 16.

[0030] The drive device comprises a filler element 28. The filler element 28 is arranged at the end 26 of the second shaft 16 facing away from the first shaft 12. The filler element 28 is conically designed and prevents lubricant from escaping from the second shaft 16.

[0031] The second shaft 16 is supported by means of a (further) bearing 33 at the end 26 facing away from the first shaft 12 .

[0032] The first shaft 12 and the second shaft 16 are supported in the region of the plug toothing 22 by means of a (common) bearing 34. The (common) bearing 34 has a bearing inner ring 36 and a bearing outer ring 37. The bearing inner ring 36 contacts the first shaft 12 and the second shaft 16. In this example, the bearing inner ring 36 has a greater axial length than the bearing outer ring 37.

[0033] The radial shaft sealing ring 40 is arranged on the first shaft 12. The radial shaft sealing ring 40 isolates the electric machine 13 from the transmission 17 or from the transmission interior 15. The lubricant guide ring 42 is arranged between the radial shaft sealing ring 40 and the (common) bearing 34. With the help of the lubricant guide ring 42, the amount of lubricant guided to the (common) bearing 34 and / or the radial shaft sealing ring 40 can be set as required.

[0034] The lubricant is guided into the second shaft 16 by means of the lubricant channel 24. Due to the rotation of the first shaft 12 and the continuous introduction (replenishment flow) of the lubricant by means of the lubricant channel 24, the lubricant is particularly formed on the inner wall 19 of the second shaft 16. Figure 1 The lubricant is directed to the right in the direction of the plug toothing 22. The lubricant flows through the plug toothing 22, thereby lubricating it.

[0035] The lubricant continues along the outer side 30 of the first shaft 12 (see Figure 2 ) until it emerges between the bearing inner ring 36 and the lubricant guide ring 42. Here, the lubricant is distributed to the (common) bearing 34 and / or to the radial shaft sealing ring 40 by means of the lubricant guide ring 42. The lubricant then passes through the (common) bearing 34 into the transmission interior 15 and flows back into the lubricant sump (not shown), in particular due to gravity. From there, it can be distributed again in the transmission interior 15 and into the lubricant channel 28. The lubricant circuit is thus closed.

[0036] Figure 2 Shown according to Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first shaft 12 of a drive device 10 of FIG. 1 . The first shaft 12 currently has three lubricant grooves 32 on its outer side 30 (only two of the three lubricant grooves 32 are shown). They are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the first shaft 12. In other words, the lubricant grooves 32 are equidistantly separated from each other along the circumference of the first shaft 12.

[0037] The lubricant grooves 32 each have an axial section 39 and a radial section 41. The course of the lubricant grooves 32 corresponds to the corresponding contour of the outer side 30 of the first shaft 12. With the aid of the lubricant grooves 32, the lubricant can be guided in a targeted manner along the outer side 30 of the first shaft 12. Figure 1 The lubricant groove 32 is not visible in Figure 1 The cross section shown in FIG. 5 is not penetrated by the lubricant groove 32 .

[0038] Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a cutaway portion of a cross-sectional view of a drive device 10 according to a second embodiment. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 differs in that the first shaft 12 does not have a lubricant groove 32 (lubricant groove-free design).

[0039] In contrast, the bearing inner ring 36 has a plurality of lubricant openings 38. These lubricant openings are currently configured as radially extending holes in the bearing inner ring 36. The lubricant openings are provided on the radial inner side of the bearing inner ring 36 between the first shaft 12 and the second shaft 16. The lubricant that is thus present between the first shaft 12 and the second shaft 16 can be discharged radially outward directly via the lubricant openings. The lubricant thus reaches the (common) bearing 34 and the lubricant guide ring 42. The lubricant guide ring 42 distributes the lubricant between the (common) bearing 34 and the radial shaft sealing ring 40. The lubricant then passes through the (common) bearing 34 to the transmission interior 15 (see Figure 1 ) and, in particular due to gravity, flows back into the lubricant sump. The lubricant circuit is thus closed.

[0040] It is also conceivable that the first and second exemplary embodiments of the drive device 10 can be combined with one another, ie the drive device 10 has a lubricant groove 32 and a lubricant opening 38 .

Claims

1. A drive device (10), in particular a drive device for a vehicle, comprising: - a first shaft (12) having a first toothing (14), a second shaft (16) having a second toothing (18), wherein the first shaft (12) and the second shaft (16) are rotatable about an axis of rotation (20), wherein the second shaft (16) is designed as a hollow shaft, wherein the first toothing (14) of the first shaft (12) and the second toothing (18) of the second shaft (16) form a plug toothing (22) for transmitting torque, and At least one lubricant channel (24) for conducting a lubricant, in particular oil, into the second shaft (16).

2. The drive device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant channel (24) is arranged in the region of an end (26) of the second shaft (16) facing away from the first shaft (12) and is in particular opened or projects into the end (26) facing away from the first shaft (12).

3. The drive device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second shaft (16), in particular at its end (26) facing away from the first shaft (12), has a preferably conically shaped filler element (28) in order to prevent lubricant from escaping, in particular from the end (26) of the second shaft (16) facing away from the first shaft (12).

4. A drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first shaft (12) has at least one lubricant groove (32) on its outer side (30) for conducting a lubricant, in particular oil, in a targeted manner on the outer side of the first shaft (12).

5. A drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first shaft (12) and the second shaft (16) are supported, in particular in the region of the plug toothing (22), by means of a bearing (34), wherein the bearing (34) comprises a bearing inner ring (36), wherein the bearing inner ring (36) contacts the first shaft (12) and the second shaft (16), wherein the bearing inner ring (36) has at least one lubricant opening (38) for the purpose of conducting a lubricant, in particular oil, through the bearing inner ring (36).

6. A drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that A radial shaft sealing ring (40) is arranged on the first shaft (12).

7. Drive device (10) according to any one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that The drive device (10) has a lubricant guide ring (42) for guiding lubricant, in particular oil, in a targeted manner to the bearing (34) and / or the radial shaft sealing ring (40).

8. A drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first toothing (14) of the first shaft (12) is designed as an external toothing (44) and the second toothing (18) of the second shaft (16) is designed as an internal toothing (46).

9. The drive device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The first shaft (12) is designed as a hollow shaft, the first toothing (14) of the first shaft (12) is designed as an internal toothing, and the second toothing (18) of the second shaft (16) is designed as an external toothing.

10. A vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, having at least one drive device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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