Antenna module configured in vehicle

Abstract

The antenna assembly includes: a first dielectric substrate forming a transparent region and formed with a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern spaced apart from the second conductive pattern by a gap; and a second dielectric substrate forming an opaque region and including a ground conductive pattern and a feed pattern. The first conductive pattern may include a first portion and a second portion perpendicular to the first portion. The third conductive pattern may operate in a first frequency band by a current coupled from the second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap. A partial region of the ground conductive pattern may be disposed so as to overlap a predetermined region in parallel with the coaxial cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a transparent antenna configured for a vehicle. Certain embodiments relate to an antenna assembly implemented with a transparent material so that the antenna area cannot be identified on the vehicle glass. Background Art

[0002] Vehicles can perform wireless communication services with other vehicles or surrounding objects, infrastructure or base stations. In this regard, a variety of communication services can be provided by a wireless communication system that applies LTE communication technology or 5G communication technology. On the other hand, a portion of the LTE frequency band can be allocated to provide 5G communication services.

[0003] On the other hand, since the vehicle body and the roof are formed of metal materials, there is a problem of blocking radio waves. Therefore, an additional antenna structure can be arranged on the upper part of the vehicle body or the roof. Alternatively, when the antenna structure is arranged on the lower part of the vehicle body or the roof, the part of the vehicle body or the roof corresponding to the antenna arrangement area can be formed of a non-metallic material.

[0004] However, from the design point of view, the vehicle body or the roof needs to be formed in one piece. In this case, the appearance of the vehicle body or the roof may be formed of a metal material. Therefore, there is a problem that the vehicle body or the roof may cause the antenna efficiency to be greatly reduced.

[0005] In order to increase the communication capacity without changing the exterior design of the vehicle, a transparent antenna can be placed on the glass of the vehicle window. However, there is a problem that the electrical loss of the transparent material antenna deteriorates the antenna radiation efficiency and impedance bandwidth characteristics.

[0006] If the antenna pattern is formed on a dielectric substrate with a metal mesh structure in which metal wires are connected to each other, a transparent antenna in which the metal wires cannot be distinguished by the naked eye can be realized. However, if the metal mesh structure is not formed in the dielectric region surrounding the antenna region in which the antenna pattern is formed, there is a problem that the antenna region and the dielectric region are distinguished by the naked eye, resulting in a difference in visibility.

[0007] Although a dummy grid may be arranged in the dielectric region to solve this problem, there is a problem that the arrangement of the dummy grid causes interference with the antenna pattern, resulting in degradation of antenna performance.

[0008] On the other hand, a vehicle transparent antenna in which a transparent material antenna is arranged on the vehicle glass can be configured to be electrically connected to a feeding pattern arranged on an additional dielectric substrate. In this regard, the vehicle transparent antenna is designed to be arranged on the glass panel. The performance of the antenna itself is mainly based on the performance, so there is a problem that it cannot fully reflect the actual vehicle attachment environment. There is a problem that the antenna resonance characteristics and antenna performance are reduced depending on the location where the vehicle transparent antenna is attached, the metal chassis of the vehicle body, and the direction of the cable arranged for feeding. Summary of the invention

[0009] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0010] The purpose of this specification is to solve the above problems and other problems. In addition, another purpose of this specification is to provide a broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on vehicle glass.

[0011] Another object of the present specification is to improve the antenna efficiency of a broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on vehicle glass.

[0012] Another object of the present specification is to provide a broadband antenna structure made of a transparent material that can reduce feed loss and improve antenna efficiency while operating in a broadband manner.

[0013] Another object of the present specification is to provide a broadband antenna design method that takes into account the actual vehicle attachment environment by analyzing the impact caused by the metal chassis of the vehicle in addition to the glass panel and the antenna performance changes based on the cable structure.

[0014] Another object of the present specification is to prevent the antenna reflection coefficient characteristics and bandwidth characteristics from being reduced in a transparent antenna element formed adjacent to a metal frame.

[0015] Another object of the present specification is to improve the antenna reflection coefficient characteristics and bandwidth characteristics in the low frequency band LB by arranging conductive patterns adjacent to each other with a gap interval of less than a critical value between adjacent transparent antenna elements.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to arrange transparent antenna elements formed adjacent to metal frames adjacent to each other while maintaining the isolation between the antenna elements below a specified level.

[0017] Technical solutions to the problem

[0018] An antenna assembly of one aspect of the present specification for achieving the above purpose or another purpose includes: a first dielectric substrate, forming a transparent area, formed with a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern separated from the second conductive pattern by a gap; and a second dielectric substrate, forming an opaque area, including a ground conductive pattern and a feed pattern. The first conductive pattern may include a first portion and a second portion perpendicular to the first portion. The third conductive pattern may operate in a first frequency band by coupling current from the second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap. A portion of the ground conductive pattern may be configured to overlap a specified area in parallel with the coaxial cable.

[0019] According to an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate may include a first region and a second region. A first sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern may be connected to a ground of a coaxial cable. A second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern may be configured to overlap a specified region with the coaxial cable.

[0020] According to an embodiment, the second portion of the first conductive pattern may be connected to the feeding pattern, and the second conductive pattern may be connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the second conductive pattern may include a third portion and a fourth portion perpendicular to the third portion. The third conductive pattern may include a fifth portion and a sixth portion perpendicular to the fifth portion. The end of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern may be formed to be separated from the end of the third portion of the second conductive pattern by the gap. The interval of the gap may be formed to be less than λg / 20 based on a specific frequency of the first frequency band.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the interval of the gap formed between the end of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern and the end of the third portion of the second conductive pattern may be formed to be less than or equal to λg / 20 based on a specific frequency of the first frequency band.

[0023] According to an embodiment, a fourth conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape based on the gap may be further formed on the first dielectric substrate. A second ground conductive pattern and a second feed pattern may be further formed on the second dielectric substrate. The fourth conductive pattern may include a seventh portion and an eighth portion vertically connected to the seventh portion and connected to the second feed pattern.

[0024] According to an embodiment, the second ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate may include a third region and a fourth region. The third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed in a symmetrical shape with the first region of the ground conductive pattern with the gap as a reference. The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed in a symmetrical shape with the second region of the ground conductive pattern with the gap as a reference.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the second portion of the first conductive pattern may be connected to the feed pattern, and the second conductive pattern may be connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern. The eighth portion of the fourth conductive pattern may be connected to the second feed pattern, and the third conductive pattern may be connected to the third region of the second ground conductive pattern. A first subregion of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be connected to the ground of the second coaxial cable, and a second subregion of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be configured to overlap a specified region with the second coaxial cable.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern may be formed to have a first length in a first axial direction parallel to the coaxial cable. The coaxial cable may be formed to have a second length from a position where a signal line corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the coaxial cable. The second coaxial cable may be formed to have a second length from a position where a signal line corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the second coaxial cable. The second length may be formed to be 0.5 times greater than the first length.

[0027] According to an embodiment, the second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern may be formed to a third length in the first axial direction. The second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed to the third length in the first axial direction. The third length may be formed to be larger than 0.5 times the first length and smaller than the second length.

[0028] According to an embodiment, a first sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern and a first sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed to have a first width in a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction. A second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern and a second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed to have a second width in the second axis direction. The first width may be formed to be larger than the sum of the second width and the diameter of the coaxial cable.

[0029] According to an embodiment, the coaxial cable may be arranged in parallel and spaced apart from an end of a second subregion of the first region of the ground conductive pattern. The second coaxial cable may be arranged in parallel and spaced apart from an end of a second subregion of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern.

[0030] According to an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern may include a second region connected to the first region and configured on one side of the feed pattern. The second ground conductive pattern may include a fourth region connected to the third region and configured on the other side of the second feed pattern. The second region of the ground conductive pattern may be configured in a lower region of the first portion of the first conductive pattern. The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern may be configured in a lower region of the seventh portion of the fourth conductive pattern.

[0031] According to an embodiment, the first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, and the second region of the ground conductive pattern may operate as a first antenna in the first frequency band to a third frequency band. The third conductive pattern, the fourth conductive pattern, and the fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern may operate as a second antenna in the first frequency band to the third frequency band.

[0032] According to an embodiment, the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern may act as the first antenna in a dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band. The third conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern may act as the second antenna in a dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band. The first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern may be formed to have an asymmetrical structure. The third conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern may be formed to have an asymmetrical structure.

[0033] According to an embodiment, the first conductive pattern may operate as the first antenna in a monopole antenna mode in a second frequency band. The fourth conductive pattern may operate as the second antenna in a monopole antenna mode in the second frequency band. The second region of the ground conductive pattern may operate as the first antenna in the third frequency band. The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern may operate as the second antenna in the third frequency band. The second frequency band may be set to be larger than the first frequency band, and the third frequency band may be set to be larger than the second frequency band.

[0034] According to an embodiment, the first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern, and the fourth conductive pattern may be formed on the first dielectric substrate in a metal mesh shape having a plurality of open areas. The first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern, and the fourth conductive pattern may form a radiator area. The first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern, and the fourth conductive pattern may be formed on the first dielectric substrate in a coplanar waveguide (CPW: Coplanar Waveguide) structure.

[0035] According to an embodiment, the outside portion of the radiator region of the antenna assembly on the first dielectric substrate may include a plurality of virtual grid patterns. The plurality of virtual grid patterns may not be connected to the feed pattern and the ground conductive pattern. The plurality of virtual grid patterns may be formed to be not connected to the second feed pattern and the second ground conductive pattern. The plurality of virtual grid patterns may be separated from each other.

[0036] A vehicle according to another aspect of the present specification includes: a metal frame having an opening formed therein; a glass panel including a transparent area and an opaque area; and an antenna assembly disposed on the glass panel. The antenna assembly includes: a first dielectric substrate forming a transparent area, a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern separated from the second conductive pattern by a gap; and a second dielectric substrate forming an opaque area, including a ground conductive pattern and a feed pattern. The first conductive pattern may include a first portion and a second portion perpendicular to the first portion. The third conductive pattern may operate in a first frequency band by coupling current from the second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap. A portion of the ground conductive pattern may be configured to overlap a specified area in parallel with the coaxial cable.

[0037] According to an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate may include a first region and a second region. A first sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern may be connected to a ground of a coaxial cable. A second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern may be configured to overlap a specified region with the coaxial cable.

[0038] According to an embodiment, the second portion of the first conductive pattern may be connected to the feeding pattern, and the second conductive pattern may be connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern.

[0039] According to an embodiment, the second conductive pattern may include a third portion and a fourth portion perpendicular to the third portion. The third conductive pattern may include a fifth portion and a sixth portion perpendicular to the fifth portion. The end of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern may be formed to be separated from the end of the third portion of the second conductive pattern by the gap. The interval of the gap may be formed to be less than λg / 20 based on a specific frequency of the first frequency band.

[0040] According to an embodiment, the interval of the gap formed between the end of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern and the end of the third portion of the second conductive pattern may be formed to be less than or equal to λg / 20 based on a specific frequency of the first frequency band.

[0041] According to an embodiment, the first dielectric substrate may further be formed with a fourth conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap. The second dielectric substrate may further be formed with a second ground conductive pattern and a second feed pattern. The fourth conductive pattern may include a seventh portion and an eighth portion vertically connected to the seventh portion and connected to the second feed pattern.

[0042] According to an embodiment, the second ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate may include a third region and a fourth region. The third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed in a symmetrical shape with the first region of the ground conductive pattern with the gap as a reference. The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed in a symmetrical shape with the second region of the ground conductive pattern with the gap as a reference.

[0043] According to an embodiment, the second portion of the first conductive pattern may be connected to the feed pattern, and the second conductive pattern may be connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern. The eighth portion of the fourth conductive pattern may be connected to the second feed pattern, and the third conductive pattern may be connected to the third region of the second ground conductive pattern. A first subregion of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be connected to the ground of the second coaxial cable, and a second subregion of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be configured to overlap a specified region with the second coaxial cable.

[0044] According to an embodiment, the second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern may be formed to have a first length in a first axial direction parallel to the coaxial cable. The coaxial cable may be formed to have a second length from a position where a signal line equivalent to one end is connected to a position equivalent to the other end of the coaxial cable. The second coaxial cable may be formed to have a second length from a position where a signal line equivalent to one end is connected to a position equivalent to the other end of the second coaxial cable. The second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern may be formed to have a third length in the first axial direction. The second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern may be formed to have a third length in the first axial direction. The third length may be formed to be larger than 0.5 times the first length and smaller than the second length.

[0045] Effects of the Invention

[0046] Next, the technical effects of the broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on the vehicle glass as described above will be described.

[0047] Next, the technical effects of the broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on the vehicle glass as described above will be described.

[0048] According to the present specification, a broadband transparent antenna assembly having a conductive pattern and an FPCB stub structure that can be configured on vehicle glass is provided, thereby enabling 4G / 5G broadband wireless communication in the vehicle.

[0049] According to the present specification, the conductive pattern and the FPCB stub shape in a broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on vehicle glass can be optimized, and the antenna efficiency can be improved through an antenna structure with an asymmetrical structure.

[0050] According to the present specification, a broadband antenna structure made of a transparent material can be realized that can reduce feed loss and improve antenna efficiency by setting antenna operation modes differently for each frequency band.

[0051] According to the present specification, a broadband antenna structure considering the actual vehicle attachment environment can be provided by analyzing the influence caused by the metal chassis of the vehicle other than the glass panel and the antenna performance change based on the cable structure.

[0052] According to the present specification, in an antenna assembly in which metal frames are formed adjacent to each other, it is possible to prevent the antenna reflection coefficient characteristic and the bandwidth characteristic from being reduced by using the conductive patterns of the adjacent transparent antenna elements.

[0053] According to the present specification, by arranging conductive patterns adjacent to each other with a gap equal to or smaller than a critical value between adjacent transparent antenna elements, it is possible to improve the antenna reflection coefficient characteristics and bandwidth characteristics in the low frequency band LB.

[0054] According to the present specification, by arranging transparent antenna elements formed adjacent to metal frames adjacent to each other and arranging the coaxial cable and FPCB in parallel in a predetermined area, the isolation between the antenna elements can be maintained below a predetermined level.

[0055] According to the present specification, a transparent antenna structure capable of minimizing antenna performance variation and transparency differences between an antenna area and a surrounding area and capable of wireless communication in 4G and 5G frequency bands.

[0056] The following detailed description will further clarify the scope of the additional application of this specification. However, since a person skilled in the art can clearly understand the various changes and modifications within the concept and scope of the present invention, it should be understood that the specific embodiments of the preferred embodiments described in detail and this specification are only examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing glass of a vehicle on which an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present specification can be arranged.

[0058] Figure 2a Indicated in Figure 1 A front view of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are disposed at different regions of a front glass of the vehicle.

[0059] Figure 2b Indicated in Figure 1 A perspective view of the interior front of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are configured at different areas of a front glass of the vehicle.

[0060] Figure 2c Indicated in Figure 1 A side perspective view of a vehicle with an antenna assembly configured on an upper glass of the vehicle.

[0061] Figure 3 Indicates the type of V2X application.

[0062] Figure 4 This is a block diagram for explaining a vehicle and an antenna system mounted on the vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0063] Figure 5a to Figure 5c This specification shows a configuration in which the antenna assembly is disposed on a vehicle glass.

[0064] Figure 6a Various embodiments of the frit pattern of this specification are shown. Figure 6b and Figure 6c A transparent antenna pattern according to an embodiment and a structure in which the transparent antenna pattern is arranged on vehicle glass are shown.

[0065] Figure 7aShowing the front view and cross-sectional view of the transparent antenna assembly of the present specification. Figure 7b It is a diagram showing the mesh structure of the metal mesh radiator area and the virtual metal mesh area according to the embodiment.

[0066] Figure 8a Represents the layered structure of the antenna module and the feeding module. Figure 8b It represents a layered structure where the antenna module and the feeding structure are combined and an opaque substrate including the combined portion.

[0067] Figure 9a The figure shows the bonding structure of the transparent antenna disposed in the transparent area and the frit area of ​​the vehicle glass.

[0068] Figure 9b It will form Figure 9a A magnified front view of the area where the transparent antenna glass is bonded to the vehicle's main structure. Fig.9c Indicates observation from different positions Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the combined structure of vehicle glass and main structure.

[0069] Fig.10 2 is a diagram showing a stacked structure of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment and attachment areas to a vehicle glass and a vehicle frame.

[0070] Fig.11 Shows front and side views of an antenna assembly that may be attached to the front glass of a vehicle.

[0071] Figures 12a to 12c 1 is a diagram comparing cable structures and reflection coefficient characteristics of antenna assemblies according to embodiments.

[0072] Fig.13 Shows Figures 12a to 12c The current distribution formed in the antenna component structure.

[0073] Fig.14a It is a diagram comparing a first structure of an embodiment arranged perpendicularly to a metal frame of a vehicle and a second structure of an embodiment arranged parallel to the metal frame of the vehicle.

[0074] Fig.14b It is a comparison Fig.14a Graph of the antenna efficiency of the first structure and the second structure.

[0075] Fig.15a and Fig.15b An antenna assembly composed of a plurality of antenna elements of the embodiment is shown.

[0076] Fig.15c Shows Fig.15a and Fig.15b Antenna efficiency characteristics of the antenna assembly.

[0077] Fig.16a Shows Fig.15b An enlarged view of the structure in which the second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern in the antenna component are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0078] Fig.16b Shows Fig.15b An enlarged view of a structure in which a second conductive pattern and a third conductive pattern in an antenna component are arranged at a distance greater than a specified distance.

[0079] Fig.16c Shows Fig.16a and Fig.16b The reflection coefficient and isolation characteristics of the antenna assembly.

[0080] Fig.17a A first structure in which the FPCB is not formed in a region where the coaxial cable is arranged is shown.

[0081] Fig.17b A second structure is shown in which an FPCB is formed in a region where a coaxial cable is arranged.

[0082] Fig.17c shows a coaxial cable with Fig.17b The structure formed is a combination of a ground conductive pattern and a feeding pattern of the FPCB structure.

[0083] Fig.18a and Fig.18b Shows Fig.17a and Fig.17b The reflection coefficient characteristics and efficiency characteristics of the antenna component structure.

[0084] Fig.18c The electric field distribution of each frequency band of the antenna assembly of this specification is shown.

[0085] Fig.19a A plurality of antenna elements is shown. Figure 12b The antenna assembly is configured on the structure of the vehicle glass.

[0086] Fig.19b A plurality of antenna elements is shown. Figure 12b The antenna assembly is formed in a structure of a glass panel arranged inside a metal frame.

[0087] Fig.19c yes Fig.19b A side perspective view of an exploded state of a combined structure of a metal frame and a glass panel forming an antenna assembly.

[0088] Fig.20a Shows Fig.19a Reflection coefficient and efficiency characteristics of antenna components.

[0089] Fig.20b Shows Fig.19b Reflection coefficient and efficiency characteristics of the antenna assembly adjacent to the metal frame.

[0090] Fig.21a A plurality of antenna elements is shown. Fig.12c The antenna assembly is configured in a structure of a vehicle glass disposed inside a metal frame.

[0091] Figure 21b Shows Fig.21a Reflection coefficient and efficiency characteristics of antenna components.

[0092] Fig.22a and Figure 22b The process flow of combining the antenna assembly of the embodiment with a glass panel is shown.

[0093] Fig.23 This shows a configuration in which a plurality of antenna modules disposed at different positions of the vehicle of this specification are combined with other components of the vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] The embodiments disclosed in this specification are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the same or similar constituent elements are given the same figure marks regardless of the figure numbers, and repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "unit" used in the following description for the constituent elements are only given or mixed for the convenience of writing the specification, and they themselves do not have mutually distinguishing meanings or functions. In addition, in the process of describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that the specific description of the relevant known technology will cause confusion with the gist of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the attached drawings are only for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical ideas disclosed in this specification should not be limited by the attached drawings, but should be understood as covering all changes, equivalents and even substitutes included in the ideas and technical scope of the present invention.

[0095] Terms including ordinal numbers such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. The terms are used only to distinguish one component from other components.

[0096] If a certain component is mentioned as being "connected" or "coupled" to another component, it may be directly connected to or coupled to the other component, but it can also be understood that there are other components between them. Conversely, if a certain component is mentioned as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components between them.

[0097] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, expressions in the singular shall include expressions in the plural.

[0098] In the present application, terms such as "including" or "having" are only used to specify the existence of features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, parts or their combinations recorded in the specification, and are not intended to preclude the possibility of the existence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, parts or their combinations.

[0099] The antenna system described in this specification can be mounted on a vehicle. The configuration and operation of the embodiments described in this specification can also be applied to a communication system, i.e., an antenna system, mounted on a vehicle. In this regard, the antenna system mounted on a vehicle may include a plurality of antennas and a transceiver circuit and a processor for controlling the plurality of antennas.

[0100] Hereinafter, an antenna assembly (antenna module) that can be placed on a vehicle window and a vehicle antenna system including the antenna assembly are described. Herein, the antenna assembly refers to a structure in which a conductive pattern is bonded to a dielectric substrate, and may also be referred to as an antenna module.

[0101] Regarding this, Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a glass of a vehicle on which an antenna structure can be configured according to an embodiment of the present specification. Figure 1 The vehicle 500 may include a front glass 310, a door glass 320, a rear glass 330, and a corner window glass 340. On the other hand, the vehicle 500 may further include an upper glass 350 formed at a roof in an upper region.

[0102] Therefore, the glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may include a front glass 310 arranged in the front area of ​​the vehicle, a door glass 320 arranged in the door area of ​​the vehicle, and a rear glass 330 arranged in the rear area of ​​the vehicle. On the other hand, the glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may also include a corner window glass 340 arranged in a part of the door area of ​​the vehicle. In addition, the glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may also include an upper glass 350, which is separated from the rear glass 330 and is arranged in the upper area of ​​the vehicle. Therefore, each glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may also be referred to as a window.

[0103] The front glass 310 prevents the wind from the front direction from blowing into the interior of the vehicle, and thus can be called a front windshield. The front glass 310 can be formed in a double-layer joint structure with a thickness of about 5.0 to 5.5 mm. The front glass 310 can be formed in a joint structure of glass / anti-shatter film / glass.

[0104] The door glass 320 may be formed of a double-layered joint structure or a single-layered compressed glass. The rear glass 330 may be formed of a double-layered joint structure or a single-layered compressed glass having a thickness of about 3.5 to 5.5 mm. In the rear glass 330, a distance is required between the hot wire, the AM / FM antenna, and the transparent antenna. The corner window glass 340 may be formed of a single-layered compressed glass having a thickness of about 3.5 to 4.0 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0105] The size of the corner window glass 340 varies according to the type of vehicle, and the size of the corner window glass 340 may be smaller than the size of the front glass 310 and the size of the rear glass 330 .

[0106] Hereinafter, the structure in which the antenna assembly of this specification is arranged in different regions of the front glass of the vehicle will be described. The antenna assembly attached to the vehicle glass can be implemented as a transparent antenna. Figure 2a Indicated in Figure 1 A front view of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are disposed at different regions of a front glass of the vehicle. Figure 2b Indicated in Figure 1 A perspective view of the interior front of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are configured at different areas of a front glass of the vehicle. Figure 2c Indicated in Figure 1 A side perspective view of a vehicle with an antenna assembly configured on an upper glass of the vehicle.

[0107] Reference Figure 2a , a front view of a vehicle 500 shows a configuration of a transparent antenna for a vehicle that can be configured with the present specification. A pane assembly 22 may include an antenna in an upper region 310a. The pane assembly 22 may include an antenna in an upper region 310a, an antenna in a lower region 310b, and / or an antenna in a side region 310c. In addition, the pane assembly 22 may include a translucent pane glass 26 formed of a dielectric substrate. The antenna in the upper region 310a, the antenna in the lower region 310b, and / or the antenna in the side region 310c are configured to support at least one of various communication systems.

[0108] The antenna module 1100 can be implemented in the upper area 310a, or the lower area 310b or the side area 310c of the front glass 310. In the case where the antenna module 1100 is configured in the lower area 310b of the front glass 310, the antenna module 1100 can be extended to the main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26. The main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26 can be implemented to have lower transparency than other parts. In the main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26, a part of the feed part or other interface lines can be implemented. The connector assembly 74 can be implemented in the main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26. The main body 49 of the lower area can constitute a vehicle body of a metal material.

[0109] Reference Figure 2b The antenna assembly 1000 may include a telematics control unit (TCU) 300 and an antenna module 1100. The antenna module 1100 may be disposed in different regions of the vehicle glass.

[0110] Reference Figure 2a and Figure 2b , the upper area 310a, the lower area 310b and / or the side area 310c of the vehicle glass may be configured with an antenna assembly. Figure 2a to Figure 2c Antenna components may be disposed on the front glass 310 , the rear glass 330 , the corner window glass 340 , and the upper glass 350 of the vehicle.

[0111] Reference Figure 2a to Figure 2c , the antenna in the upper area 310a of the front glass 310 of the vehicle can be configured to operate in the LB (low band), MB (mid band), HB (high band) and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. The antenna in the lower area 310b and / or the antenna in the side area 310c can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. In the rear glass 330 of the vehicle, the antenna structure 1100b can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. In the upper glass 350 of the vehicle, the antenna structure 1100c can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. In the corner window glass 350 of the vehicle, the antenna structure 1100d can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system.

[0112] At least a portion of the outer contour area of ​​the front glass 310 of the vehicle may be formed by the translucent window glass 26. The translucent window glass 26 may include: a first portion, formed with a portion of the antenna and the feeder; and a second portion, formed with a portion of the feeder and a dummy structure. In addition, the translucent window glass 26 may also include a dummy area where no conductive pattern is formed. As an example, the transparent area of ​​the window glass assembly 22 may be formed to be transparent to ensure light transmission and field of view.

[0113] Although the example in which the conductive pattern can be formed in a part of the front glass 310 is described, it can be extended to be formed in Figure 1 The side glass 320, the rear glass 330 and any other glass structures of the vehicle 500 can be seen by a passenger or a driver through the window glass assembly 22. In addition, the passenger or the driver can see the road and the surrounding environment without being obstructed by the antenna of the upper area 310a, the antenna of the lower area 310b and / or the antenna of the side area 310c.

[0114] Vehicle 500 may be configured to communicate with pedestrians, surrounding infrastructure, and / or servers in addition to surrounding vehicles. Figure 3 Indicates the type of V2X application. Figure 3 V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication includes V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) which refers to the communication between vehicles, V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) which refers to the communication between vehicles and eNB or RSU (Road Side Unit), V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian) which refers to the communication between vehicles and terminals carried by individuals (pedestrians, cyclists, vehicle drivers or passengers), V2N (vehicle-to-network), and other communications between vehicles and all individuals.

[0115] on the other hand, Figure 4 This is a block diagram for explaining a vehicle and an antenna system mounted on the vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0116] The vehicle 500 may include a communication device 400 and a processor 570. The communication device 400 may correspond to a telematics control unit of the vehicle 500.

[0117] The communication device 400 is a device for performing communication with an external device. Here, the external device may be another vehicle, a mobile terminal or a server. In order to perform communication, the communication device 400 may include at least one of a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, an RF (Radio Frequency) circuit and an RF element capable of implementing various communication protocols. The communication device 400 may include a short-range communication unit 410, a location information unit 420, a V2X communication unit 430, an optical communication unit 440, a 4G wireless communication module 450 and a 5G wireless communication module 460. The communication device 400 may include a processor 470. According to an embodiment, the communication device 400 may also include other constituent elements in addition to the described constituent elements, or may not include a part of the described constituent elements.

[0118] The 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 can perform wireless communication with more than one communication system through one or more antenna modules. The 4G wireless communication module 450 can send and / or receive signals with a device in the first communication system through a first antenna module. In addition, the 5G wireless communication module 460 can send and / or receive signals with a device in the second communication system through a second antenna module. The 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 can also be physically implemented as an integrated communication module. Here, the first communication system can be an LTE communication system, and the second communication system can be a 5G communication system. However, the first communication system and the second communication system are not limited to this, and can be extended to any communication system that is different from each other.

[0119] The processor of the device in the vehicle 500 can be implemented by an MCU (Micro Control Unit) or a modem. The processor 470 of the communication device 400 is equivalent to a modem, and the processor 470 can be implemented as an integrated modem. The processor 470 can obtain surrounding information from other surrounding vehicles, objects, or infrastructure through wireless communication. The processor 470 can use the acquired surrounding information to perform vehicle control.

[0120] The processor 570 of the vehicle 500 may be a processor of a CAN (Car Area Network) or an ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System), but is not limited thereto. When the vehicle 500 is implemented in a distributed control manner, the processor 570 of the vehicle 500 may be replaced by a processor of each device.

[0121] On the other hand, the antenna module configured inside the vehicle 500 may include a wireless communication unit. The 4G wireless communication module 450 can transmit and receive 4G signals with a 4G base station through a 4G mobile communication network. At this time, the 4G wireless communication module 450 can transmit more than one 4G transmission signal to the 4G base station. In addition, the 4G wireless communication module 450 can receive more than one 4G reception signal from the 4G base station. In this regard, uplink (UL: Up-Link) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO: Multi-Input Multi-Output) can be performed by transmitting a plurality of 4G transmission signals to the 4G base station. In addition, downlink (DL: Down-Link) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO: Multi-Input Multi-Output) can be performed by receiving a plurality of 4G reception signals from the 4G base station.

[0122] The 5G wireless communication module 460 can transmit and receive 5G signals with the 5G base station through the 5G mobile communication network. Here, the 4G base station and the 5G base station can be non-independent (NSA: Non-Stand-Alone) structures. For example, the 4G base station and the 5G base station can be configured as a non-independent (NSA: Non Stand-Alone) structure. Alternatively, the 5G base station can be configured as an independent (SA: Stand-Alone) structure at a location different from the 4G base station. The 5G wireless communication module 460 can transmit and receive 5G signals with the 5G base station through the 5G mobile communication network. At this time, the 5G wireless communication module 460 can transmit more than one 5G transmission signal to the 5G base station. In addition, the 5G wireless communication module 460 can receive more than one 5G reception signal from the 5G base station. At this time, the 5G frequency band can use the same frequency band as the 4G frequency band, and it is called LTE reconfiguration (re-farming). On the other hand, as a 5G frequency band, the Sub6 frequency band, which is a frequency band below 6GHz, can be used. On the contrary, in order to perform broadband high-speed communication, the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band can be used as the 5G frequency band. In the case of using the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band, electronic devices can perform beam forming to expand the communication coverage with the base station.

[0123] On the other hand, regardless of the 5G frequency band, in order to increase the transmission speed, a larger number of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) can be supported in the 5G communication system. In this regard, uplink (UL: Up-Link) MIMO can be performed by transmitting a plurality of 5G transmission signals to a 5G base station. In addition, downlink (DL: Down-Link) MIMO can be performed by receiving a plurality of 5G reception signals from a 5G base station.

[0124] On the other hand, through the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460, it is possible to be in a dual connection (DC: Dual Connectivity) state with the 4G base station and the 5G base station. The dual connection with the 4G base station and the 5G base station as described above may be referred to as EN-DC (EUTRAN NR DC; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network New Wireless Dual Connection). On the other hand, if the 4G base station and the 5G base station are co-located structures, the throughput can be improved by heterogeneous carrier aggregation (inter-CA (Carrier Aggregation)). Therefore, if the 4G base station and the 5G base station are in the EN-DC state, the 4G reception signal and the 5G reception signal can be received simultaneously by the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460. On the other hand, the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 can be used to perform close range communication between electronic devices (e.g., vehicles). In one embodiment, wireless communication can be performed in a V2V manner between vehicles without via a base station after resources are allocated.

[0125] On the other hand, in order to improve the transmission speed and converge the communication system, at least one of the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 and the Wi-Fi (Wireless High Fidelity) communication module 113 may be used to perform carrier aggregation (CA). In this regard, 4G+WiFi carrier aggregation (CA) may be performed using the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the Wi-Fi communication module 113. Alternatively, 5G+WiFi carrier aggregation (CA) may be performed using the 5G wireless communication module 460 and the Wi-Fi communication module.

[0126] On the other hand, the communication device 400 may realize a vehicle display device together with the user interface device. In this case, the vehicle display device may be named a telematics device or an AVN (Audio Video Navigation) device.

[0127] On the other hand, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by a single dielectric substrate on the same plane as the CPW feeder. In addition, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented with a structure in which grounding is formed on both sides of the radiator, thereby forming a broadband structure.

[0128] The following describes the antenna components related to the broadband transparent antenna structure of this specification. Figure 5a to Figure 5c This shows the configuration in which the antenna assembly of this specification is disposed on the vehicle glass. Figure 5a , the antenna assembly 1000 may include a first dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. The first dielectric substrate 1010a may be implemented as a transparent substrate, and thus may be referred to as a transparent substrate 1010a. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be implemented as an opaque substrate 1010b.

[0129] The glass panel 310 may include a transparent glass region 311 and an opaque region 312. The opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310 may be a frit region formed by a frit layer. The opaque region 312 may be formed to surround the transparent region 311. The opaque region 312 may be formed in an outer region of the transparent region 311. The opaque region 312 may form a boundary region of the glass panel 310.

[0130] The signal pattern formed on the dielectric substrate 1010 can be connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 through a connector component 313 such as a coaxial cable. The telematics control unit (TCU) 300 can be configured inside the vehicle, but is not limited thereto. The telematics control unit (TCU) 300 can be configured in the dashboard inside the vehicle or in the roof area inside the vehicle, but is not limited thereto.

[0131] Figure 5b The antenna assembly 1000 is shown as being disposed in a partial region of the glass panel 310 . Figure 5c The structure in which the antenna assembly 1000 is arranged over the entire area of ​​the glass panel 310 is shown.

[0132] Reference Figure 5b and Figure 5c, the glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The opaque area 312 is a non-visible area whose transparency is below a specified level, and may be referred to as a frit area, or a BP (Black Printing) area, or a BM (Black Matrix) area. The opaque area 312, which is equivalent to the opaque area, may be formed to surround the transparent area 311. The opaque area 312 may be formed in an outer area of ​​the transparent area 311. The opaque area 312 may form a boundary area of ​​the glass panel 310. A second dielectric substrate 1010b or a heat plate 360a, 360b, which is equivalent to a feed substrate, may be arranged in the opaque area 312. The second dielectric substrate 1010b arranged in the opaque area 312 may be referred to as an opaque substrate. As Figure 5c As shown, when the antenna assembly 1000 is disposed on the entire area of ​​the glass panel 310 , the heating plates 360 a and 360 b may be disposed in the opaque area 312 .

[0133] Reference Figure 5b , the antenna assembly 1000 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. Figure 5b and Figure 5c , the antenna assembly 1000 may include an antenna module 1100 formed of a conductive pattern and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. The antenna module 1100 may be formed by a transparent electrode portion and implemented as a transparent antenna module. The antenna module 1100 may be implemented by more than one antenna element. The antenna module 1100 may include a MIMO antenna and / or other antenna elements for wireless communication. Other antenna elements may include at least one of GNSS / radio / broadcast / WiFi / satellite communication / UWB (ultra-wideband), RKE (Remote Keyless Entry) antennas for vehicle applications.

[0134] Reference Figure 5a to Figure 5c , the antenna assembly 1000 can be connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 through the connector component 313. The connector component 313 can be electrically connected to the TCU300 by forming a connector 313c at the end of the cable. The signal pattern of the second dielectric substrate 1010b formed on the antenna assembly 1000 can be connected to the TCU300 using the connector component 313 such as a coaxial cable. Through the connector component 313, the antenna module 1100 can be electrically connected to the TCU300. The TCU300 can be configured inside the vehicle, but is not limited to this. The TCU300 can be configured on the dashboard inside the vehicle or the roof area inside the vehicle, but is not limited to this.

[0135] On the other hand, when the transparent antenna assembly of the present specification is attached to the inside or surface of the glass panel 310 , the transparent electrode portion including the antenna pattern and the dummy pattern may be disposed in the transparent region 311 . Conversely, the opaque substrate portion may be disposed in the opaque region 312 .

[0136] The antenna assembly formed on the vehicle glass of the present specification can be configured in the transparent area and the opaque area. In this regard, Figure 6a Various embodiments of the frit pattern of this specification are shown. Figure 6b and Figure 6c A transparent antenna pattern according to an embodiment and a structure in which the transparent antenna pattern is arranged on vehicle glass are shown.

[0137] Reference Figure 6a (a), the frit pattern 312a can be formed as a metal pattern in a circular (or polygonal, elliptical) shape with a specified diameter. The frit pattern 312a can be configured in a two-dimensional structure along two axial directions. The frit pattern 312a can be formed in an offset structure in which the center points between the patterns forming adjacent rows are separated by a specified interval.

[0138] Reference Figure 6a In (b), the frit pattern 312b may be formed in a rectangular pattern in one axis direction. The frit pattern 312c may be configured in a one-dimensional structure along one axis direction or in a two-dimensional structure along two axis directions.

[0139] Reference Figure 6a (c), the frit pattern 312c may be formed as a groove pattern in which the metal pattern is removed in a circular (or polygonal, elliptical) shape with a prescribed diameter. The frit pattern 312b may be configured in a two-dimensional structure along two axial directions. The frit pattern 312c may be formed in an offset structure in which the center points between the patterns forming adjacent rows are separated by a prescribed interval.

[0140] Reference Figures 5a to 6c In the opaque region 312, the opaque substrate 1010b and the transparent substrate 1010a may be electrically connected. In this regard, in order to make the transparent antenna pattern invisible, a dummy pattern that is electrically very small and below a specified size may be arranged around the antenna pattern. Thus, the pattern in the transparent electrode cannot be distinguished by the eye without deteriorating the antenna performance. The dummy pattern may be designed to have a light transmittance similar to that of the antenna pattern within a specified range.

[0141] The transparent antenna assembly including the opaque substrate 1010b bonded to the transparent electrode portion can be mounted on the glass panel 310. In this regard, in order to ensure invisibility, the opaque substrate 1010b connected to the RF connector or the coaxial cable is arranged in the opaque region 312 of the vehicle glass. On the other hand, the transparent electrode portion is arranged in the transparent region 311 of the vehicle glass, thereby ensuring the invisibility of the antenna outside the vehicle glass.

[0142] A portion of the transparent electrode portion may be attached to the opaque region 312 as appropriate. The frit pattern of the opaque region 312 may be formed to form a gradient from the opaque region 312 to the transparent region 311. If the transmittance of the frit pattern and the transmittance of the transparent electrode portion are made consistent within a specified range, the transmission efficiency of the transmission line can be improved while improving the invisibility of the antenna. On the other hand, a metal mesh shape similar to the frit pattern can be used to ensure invisibility while reducing sheet resistance. In addition, by increasing the line width of the metal mesh in the area connected to the opaque substrate 1010b, the risk of disconnection of the transparent electrode layer during manufacturing and assembly can be reduced.

[0143] Reference Figure 6a (a) and Figure 6b , the conductive pattern 1110 of the antenna module may be composed of a metal grid of the same line width in the opaque region 312. The conductive pattern 1110 may include a connection pattern 1110c connecting the transparent plate 1010a and the opaque substrate 1010b. In the opaque region 312, a frit pattern of a prescribed shape may be arranged at a prescribed interval and formed on the connection pattern 1110c and both sides of the connection pattern 1110c. The connection pattern 1110c may include a first transmittance portion 1111c formed with a first transmittance and a second transmittance portion 1112c formed with a second transmittance.

[0144] In the frit pattern 312a formed in the opaque region 312, metal grids of a predetermined diameter may be arranged along one axis and another axis. The metal grids of the frit pattern 312a may be arranged at intersections of the metal grids with the second transmittance portions 1112c of the connection pattern 1110c.

[0145] Reference Figure 6a (b) and Figure 6b In the frit pattern 312b formed in the opaque region 312, the groove grid of the prescribed diameter in which the metal region is removed can be arranged along one axis direction and another axis direction. The groove grid of the frit pattern 312b can be arranged between the metal grids in the connection pattern 1110c. Thus, the metal region of the frit pattern 312b without the groove grid can be arranged at the intersection of the metal grids.

[0146] Reference Figure 6aand Figure 6c , the connection pattern 1110c may be formed of a metal mesh having a first line width W1 in a first transmittance portion 1111c adjacent to the transparent region 311. The connection pattern 1110c may be formed of a second line width W2 thicker than the first line width W1 in a second transmittance portion 1112c adjacent to the opaque substrate 1010b. In this regard, the first transparency of the first transmittance portion 1111c may be set to be higher than the second transparency of the second transmittance portion 1112c.

[0147] like Figure 5a to Figure 5c When the transparent antenna assembly is attached to the inside of the vehicle glass, the transparent electrode portion can be arranged in the transparent region 311, and the opaque substrate 1010b can be arranged in the opaque region 312. In this regard, the transparent electrode portion can be arranged in the opaque region 312 according to the situation.

[0148] A portion of the metal pattern of the low-transmittance pattern electrode portion and the high-transmittance pattern electrode portion located in the opaque region 312 can be arranged in the gradient region of the opaque region 312. In the case where the transmission line portion in the antenna pattern and the low-transmittance pattern electrode is composed of a transparent electrode, a gain drop may occur due to a decrease in transmission efficiency caused by an increase in sheet resistance. As a solution to improve this gain drop, the transmittance of the frit pattern 312 where the electrode is located and the transmittance of the transparent electrode can be made consistent within a specified range.

[0149] By increasing the line width of the transparent electrode in the region with low transmittance in the frit patterns 312a, 312b, 312c or adding the same shape as the frit patterns 312a, 312b, 312c, a lower sheet resistance can be achieved. This can solve the problem of reduced transmission efficiency while ensuring invisibility. The transmittance and pattern of the opaque region 312 are not limited to Figure 6a The structure of the transmission line may vary depending on the glass manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. Therefore, the shape and transparency (line width and spacing) of the transparent electrode of the transmission line may vary differently.

[0150] Figure 7a Showing the front view and cross-sectional view of the transparent antenna assembly of the present specification. Figure 7b It is a diagram showing the mesh structure of the metal mesh radiator area and the virtual metal mesh area according to the embodiment.

[0151] Figure 7a (a) shows a front view of the transparent antenna assembly 1000, Figure 7a (b) is a cross-sectional view of the transparent antenna component 1000, showing the layered structure of the transparent antenna component 1000. Figure 7a, the antenna assembly 1000 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. A conductive pattern 1110 acting as a radiator may be configured on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. A feed pattern 1120f and ground patterns 1121g and 1122g may be formed on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The conductive pattern 1110 acting as a radiator may include more than one conductive pattern. The conductive pattern 1110 may include a first pattern 1111 connected to the feed pattern 1120f and a second pattern 1112 connected to the ground pattern 1121g. The conductive pattern 1110 may also include a third pattern 1113 connected to the ground pattern 1122g.

[0152] The conductive pattern 1110 constituting the antenna module may be implemented as a transparent antenna. Figure 7b , the conductive pattern 1110 may be formed of a metal grid pattern 1020a having a line width below a specified line width and forming a metal mesh radiator region. A dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may be formed in the inner region or outer region between the first pattern to the third pattern 1111, 1112, 11113 of the conductive pattern 1100 to maintain transparency below a specified level. The metal grid pattern 1020a and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may form a metal mesh layer 1020.

[0153] Figure 7b (a) shows the structure of a typical metal grid pattern 1020a and a dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. Figure 7b (b) shows the structure of an atypical metal grid pattern 1020a and a virtual metal grid pattern 1020b. Figure 7b As shown in (a), the metal mesh layer 1020 can be formed into a transparent antenna structure by a plurality of metal meshes. The metal mesh layer 1020 can be formed in a regular metal mesh shape such as a quadrilateral, a rhombus, or a polygon. The conductive pattern can be formed into a plurality of metal meshes to act as a feeder or a radiator. The metal mesh layer 1020 constitutes a transparent antenna area. As an example, the metal mesh layer 1020 can be implemented with a thickness of about 2 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0154] The metal mesh layer 1020 may include a metal grid pattern 1020a and a dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. The metal grid pattern 1020a and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may form an open area (OA) whose ends are disconnected so as not to be electrically connected. The dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may be formed with slits SL so that the ends of the respective meshes CL1, CL2, ..., CLn are not connected.

[0155] Reference Figure 7b(b), the metal mesh layer 1020 may be formed of a plurality of atypical metal meshes. The metal mesh layer 1020 may include a metal grid pattern 1020a and a dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. The metal grid pattern 1020a and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may form an open area OA whose ends are disconnected so as not to be electrically connected. The dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may be formed with slits SL so that the ends of the individual grids CL1, CL2, ..., CLn are not connected.

[0156] On the other hand, the transparent substrate on which the transparent antenna of the present specification is formed can be arranged on the glass of a vehicle. Figure 8a Represents the layered structure of the antenna module and the feeding module. Figure 8b It represents a layered structure where the antenna module and the feeding structure are combined and an opaque substrate including the combined portion.

[0157] Reference Figure 8a (a), the antenna module 1100 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a formed on a first layer and a first conductive pattern 1110 formed on a second layer disposed on the first layer. Figure 7b , the first conductive pattern 1110 may be implemented as a metal mesh layer 1020 including a metal lattice pattern 1020a and a dummy metal lattice pattern 1020b. The antenna module 1100 may further include a protective layer 1031 and an adhesive layer 1041a disposed on the second layer.

[0158] Reference Figure 8a (b), the feeding structure 1100f may include a second dielectric substrate 1010b, a second conductive pattern 1120, and a third conductive pattern 1130. The feeding structure 1100f may further include a first protective layer 1033 and a second protective layer 1034, each stacked on the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130. The feeding structure 1100f may further include an adhesive layer 1041b formed on a portion of the second conductive pattern 1120.

[0159] A second conductive pattern 1120 may be disposed on one side of a second dielectric substrate 1010b implemented as an opaque substrate. A third conductive pattern 1130 may be disposed on the other side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. A first protective layer 1033 may be formed on the upper portion of the third conductive pattern 1130. A second protective layer 1034 may be formed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120. The first protective layer 1033 and the second protective layer 1034 are configured to have a low dielectric constant (low permittivity) below a specified value, thereby enabling low-loss feeding to the transparent antenna region.

[0160] Reference Figure 8b(a), the antenna module 1100 may be combined with a feeding structure 1100f implemented by a second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate. A first conductive pattern 1110 implemented by a metal mesh layer as a transparent electrode layer may be formed on the upper portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. A protective layer 1031 may be formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110. A protective layer 1031 and a first adhesive layer 1041a may be formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110. The first adhesive layer 1041a may be formed adjacent to the protective layer 1031.

[0161] The first adhesive layer 1041a formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be bonded to the second adhesive layer 1041b formed on the lower portion of the second conductive layer 1120. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the second dielectric substrate 1010b may be bonded by bonding between the first adhesive layer 1041a and the second adhesive layer 1041b. Thus, the metal mesh formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be electrically connected to the feeding pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b.

[0162] The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be formed with a feeding structure 1100f having a second conductive pattern 1120 on one side and a third conductive pattern 1130 on the other side. The feeding structure 1100f may be implemented by a flexible printed circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit Board), but is not limited thereto. A first protective layer 1033 may be disposed on the upper portion of the third conductive pattern 1130, and a second protective layer 1034 may be disposed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120. The adhesive layer 1041b at the lower portion of the third conductive pattern 1130 may be bonded to the adhesive layer 1041a of the antenna module 1100. Thus, the feeding structure 1100f may be combined with the antenna module 1100, and the first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120 may be electrically connected.

[0163] The thickness of the antenna module 1100 implemented by the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be formed with a first thickness. The thickness of the feed structure 1100f implemented by the second dielectric substrate 1010b can be formed with a second thickness. For example, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1010a of the antenna module 1100 can be 75um, the thickness of the first conductive pattern 1110 can be 9um, and the thickness of the protective layer 1031 can be 25um. The first thickness of the antenna module 1100 can be 109um. The thickness of the second dielectric substrate 1010b of the feed structure 1100f can be 50um, the thickness of the second conductive pattern 1120 can be 18um, the thickness of the third conductive pattern 1130 can be 18um, and the thickness of the first protective layer 1033 and the second protective layer 1034 can be 28um. Thus, the second thickness of the feed structure 1100f can be 142um. Since the adhesive layer 1041a is formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110 and the adhesive layer 1041b is formed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120, the entire antenna assembly can be formed with a thickness less than the sum of the first thickness and the second thickness. For example, the thickness of the antenna assembly 1000 including the antenna module 1100 and the feeding structure 1100f can be 198 um.

[0164] Reference Figure 8b (b), a conductive pattern 1120 may be formed on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b forming the feeding structure 1100f. The conductive pattern 1120 may be formed in a feeding structure having a CPW (co-planar waveguide) structure having a feeding pattern 1120f and ground patterns 1121g and 1122g formed on both sides. Figure 8b (a), the feeding structure 1100f may be combined with the antenna module 1100 using the region where the adhesive layer 1041 is formed.

[0165] The antenna module and the feeding structure constituting the antenna assembly of this specification can be configured on the vehicle glass and combined through a specific combination structure. Figure 9a The figure shows the bonding structure of the transparent antenna disposed in the transparent area and the frit area of ​​the vehicle glass.

[0166] Reference Figure 9a, the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be bonded to the glass panel 310 using an adhesive layer 1041. The conductive pattern of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be bonded to the conductive pattern 1130 of the second dielectric substrate 1010b by ACF bonding. ACF bonding is a method of bonding the bonding surface for several seconds using an adhesive tape with metal balls added under high temperature / high pressure conditions (e.g., 120-150 degrees, 2-5 MPa), which can be achieved by contacting the electrodes with metal balls. ACF bonding electrically connects the conductive pattern while curing the adhesive layer 1041 due to heat to provide bonding force.

[0167] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a formed with a transparent electrode layer can be attached to the second dielectric substrate 1010b in the form of an FPCB by using a local soldering technology. The connection pattern of the FPCB and the transparent antenna electrode can be connected by local soldering based on a coil in a magnetic field induction manner. During such local soldering, the temperature of the soldering portion does not rise, or the FPCB does not deform and can maintain a flat surface. Thus, by local soldering between the conductive patterns of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the second dielectric substrate 1010b, a highly reliable electrical connection can be achieved.

[0168] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, Figure 7a The metal mesh layer 1020, the protective layer 1033 and the adhesive layer 1041 can form a transparent electrode. The second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate can be implemented by an FPCB, but is not limited thereto. It can be configured such that the second dielectric substrate 1010b as an FPCB formed with a feeding pattern is connected to the connector part 313 and the transparent electrode.

[0169] The second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate may be attached to a portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be formed in the transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be formed in the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. A portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be formed in the opaque region 312, and the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be combined with the second dielectric substrate 1010b in the opaque region 312.

[0170] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the second dielectric substrate 1010b may be bonded by bonding between the adhesive layers 1041a and 1041b. The position where the second dielectric substrate 1010b is bonded to the adhesive layer 1041 may be set as the first position P1. The position where the connector component 313 is welded to the opaque substrate 1010b may be set as the second position P2.

[0171] On the other hand, the vehicle glass formed with the antenna assembly of the present specification can be combined with the main structure of the vehicle. In this regard, Figure 9b It will form Figure 9a A magnified front view of the area where the transparent antenna glass is bonded to the vehicle's main structure. Fig.9c Indicates observation from different positions Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the combined structure of vehicle glass and main structure.

[0172] Reference Figure 9b A first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a having a transparent antenna formed thereon may be disposed in a transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. A second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in an opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. Since the transmittance of the opaque region 312 is lower than the transmittance of the transparent region 311, the opaque region 312 may also be referred to as a BM (Black Matrix) region. A portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a having a transparent antenna formed thereon may be extended to the opaque region 312 corresponding to the BM region. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the opaque region 312 may be formed to overlap along a single axis direction by an overlap length OL.

[0173] Fig.9c (a) indicates along Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the antenna assembly taken along line AB. Fig.9c (a) indicates along Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the CD line antenna assembly

[0174] Reference Figure 9b and Fig.9c (a), a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a having a transparent antenna formed thereon may be disposed in a transparent region 311 of a glass panel 310. A second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in an opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. A portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be extended to the opaque region 312, so that a feeding pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b and a metal mesh layer of the transparent antenna can be joined and connected.

[0175] The interior cover 49c may be configured to accommodate a connector component 313 connected to the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The connector component 313 may be disposed in a space between the main body 49b of the metal material and the interior cover 49c, and the connector component 313 may be coupled to an in-vehicle cable. The interior cover 49c may be disposed in an upper region of the main body 49b of the metal material. One end of the interior cover 49c may be bent to be coupled to the main body 49b of the metal material.

[0176] The inner cover 49c may be formed of a metal material or a dielectric material. In the case where the inner cover 49c is formed of a metal material, the inner cover 49c and the main body 49b of the metal material form a metal frame 49. In this regard, the vehicle may include the metal frame 49. The opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310 may be supported by a portion of the metal frame 49. To this end, a portion of the main body 49b of the metal frame 49 may be bent so as to be combined with the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310.

[0177] When the inner cover 49c is formed of a metal material, at least a portion of the metal region may be removed from the upper region of the second dielectric substrate 1010b in the inner cover 49c. A recess portion 49R where the metal region is removed may be formed in the inner cover 49c. Thus, the metal frame 49 may include the recess portion 49R. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in the recess portion 49R of the metal frame 49.

[0178] The recess 49R may also be referred to as a metal cut region. One side of the recess 49R may be separated from one side of the opaque substrate 1010b by a first length L1 equal to or greater than a critical value. The lower boundary side of the recess 49R may be separated from the lower boundary side of the opaque substrate 1010b by a second length L2 equal to or greater than a critical value. As the metal of a portion of the inner cover 49c of the metal material is removed, signal loss and changes in antenna characteristics caused by the surrounding metal structure can be prevented.

[0179] Reference Figure 9b and Fig.9c (b), the area where the connector components and the opaque substrate are not configured can be configured so that the inner cover 49c does not form a recessed portion such as a metal removal area. In this regard, not only can the inner cover 49c protect the internal components of the antenna module 1100, but also can be used to Figure 9b and Fig.9cThe recess 49R of (a) discharges the internal heat to the outside. In addition, the recess 49R of the internal cover 49c can immediately determine whether the connection part needs to be repaired or replaced. On the other hand, since the internal cover 49c does not form a recess in the area where the connector component and the second dielectric substrate are not configured, the internal components of the antenna module 1100 can be protected.

[0180] On the other hand, the antenna assembly 1000 of the present specification can be formed in various forms on the glass panel 310, and the glass panel 310 can be attached to the vehicle frame. Fig.10 2 is a diagram showing a stacked structure of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment and attachment areas to a vehicle glass and a vehicle frame.

[0181] Reference Fig.10 (a), the glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The antenna assembly 1000 may include an antenna module 1100 and a feed structure 1100f. The antenna module 1100 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, a transparent electrode layer 1020, and an adhesive layer 1041. The feed structure 1100f implemented by the opaque substrate and the transparent electrode layer 1020 implemented by the transparent substrate may be electrically connected. The feed structure 1100f and the transparent electrode layer 1020 may be directly connected through the first bonding area BR1. The feed structure 1100f and the connector component 313 may be directly connected through the second bonding area BR2. Heat may be applied to the first bonding area BR1 and the second bonding area BR2 for bonding. Thus, the bonding areas BR1 and BR2 may be referred to as heating intervals. In the side end area in the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310, an attachment area AR equivalent to a sealant area for attaching the glass panel 310 and the vehicle frame may be formed.

[0182] Reference Fig.10(b), the glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The antenna assembly 1000 may include an antenna module 1100 and a feed structure 1100f. The antenna module 1100 may include a protective layer 1031, a transparent electrode layer 1020, a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, and an adhesive layer 1041. The feed structure 1100f implemented by the opaque substrate and a portion of the antenna module 1100 implemented by the transparent substrate may overlap. The feed structure 1100f and the transparent electrode layer 1020 of the antenna module 1100 may be coupled feed. The feed structure 1100f and the connector component 313 may be directly connected via a bonding area BR. Heat may be applied to the bonding area BR1 for bonding. Thus, the bonding area BR may be referred to as a heating interval. In the side end area in the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310, an attachment area AR equivalent to a sealant area for attaching the glass panel 310 and the vehicle frame may be formed.

[0183] Reference Fig.10 (a) and Fig.10 (b), the transparent substrate 1010a may include a (hard) coating layer to protect the transparent electrode layer 1020 from the external environment. On the other hand, the adhesive layer 1041 may be added with a UV blocking component to prevent yellowing due to sunlight.

[0184] The broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by a single dielectric substrate on the same plane as the CPW feeder. In addition, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by forming a grounding structure on both sides of the radiator, thereby forming a broadband structure. The following describes the antenna components related to the broadband transparent antenna structure of the present specification. In this regard, Fig.11 Shows front and side views of an antenna assembly that may be attached to the front glass of a vehicle.

[0185] Reference Fig.11 In a region of the glass panel 310 of the vehicle adjacent to the metal frame 49, the metal mesh layer 1020 may be formed as an antenna pattern in a transparent pattern. The inner cover 49c may be formed of a metal material or a dielectric material. In the case where the inner cover 49c is formed of a metal material, the inner cover 49c and the main body 49b of the metal material form the metal frame 49.

[0186] The metal mesh layer 1020 formed as an antenna pattern can be formed in an area of ​​the front glass, for example, can be formed in the upper area of ​​the front glass adjacent to the metal frame 49, but is not limited thereto and can be changed according to the application. The glass panel 310 can be composed of a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The metal mesh layer 1020 can be formed in the transparent area 311 with a transparent pattern, and the FPCB 1100b for feeding the antenna can be formed in the opaque area 312.

[0187] In the side end area in the opaque area 312, an attachment area AR equivalent to a sealant area for attaching the glass panel 310 and the metal frame 49 of the vehicle may be formed. The FPCB1100b may be bonded to the glass panel 310 through the bonding area BR. The FPCB1100b for feeding may be formed to a first length, and the end of the FPCB1100b and the end of the attachment area AR may be formed to have a bonding tolerance of a second length shorter than the first length. For example, the FPCB1100b may be formed to a first length of about 12 mm, and the end of the FPCB1100b and the end of the attachment area AR may be formed to a second length of about 8 mm.

[0188] On the other hand, the cable structure for feeding the antenna assembly of the present specification can be arranged perpendicularly or parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle. In this regard, Figures 12a to 12c 1 is a diagram comparing cable structures and reflection coefficient characteristics of antenna assemblies according to embodiments.

[0189] Fig.12a (a) shows a first structure of an antenna assembly 1000a consisting of first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, 1130a. The first to third conductive patterns 1110a, 1120a, 1130a can be configured on a first dielectric substrate 1010a, and a feed pattern 1110f and a ground conductive pattern 1110g can be formed on a second dielectric substrate 1010b in an FPCB structure. The first conductive pattern 1110a may include a first portion 1111 and a second portion 1112 formed perpendicularly to the first portion 1111. The second conductive pattern 1120a may include a third portion 1121a and a fourth portion 1122a formed perpendicularly to the third portion 1121a. The third conductive pattern 1130a may be configured between the first conductive pattern 1110a and the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0190] Fig.12a (b) shows the reflection coefficient characteristics of the antenna assembly 1000a. Fig.12a, can operate in a dipole antenna mode in a low frequency band LB of 600 to 900 MHz. The first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120a connected to the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the CPW structure can operate in a CPW dipole antenna mode in a first frequency band which is a low frequency band LB of 600 to 900 MHz. Through the first current I1 and the second current I2 formed in the first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120a, the antenna component 1000a can operate in a CPW dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band which is a low frequency band LB. The antenna component 1000a composed of the third conductive pattern 1130a exhibits a resonance characteristic of less than -15 dB in UHB (ultra-high band) above 4.5 GHz. UHB is a frequency band higher than the operating frequency band of the first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120.

[0191] Figure 12b (a) shows a second structure in which the antenna assembly 1000b is configured adjacent to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle. The metal frame 49 can be configured adjacent to the antenna assembly 1000b composed of the first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, and 1130a. The first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, and 1130a can be configured on the first dielectric substrate 1010a, and the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g can be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b in an FPCB structure. The coaxial cable 313 can be configured in parallel with the metal frame 49. The signal line 313a of the coaxial cable 313 can be connected to the feed pattern 1110f, and the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313 can be connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0192] Figure 12b (b) shows the reflection coefficient characteristics of the antenna assembly 1000b. Figure 12b, the third current I3 and the fourth current I4 are strongly formed on the ground current path toward the metal frame 49 at a critical value or more, so that the antenna component 1000b can operate similarly to the monopole antenna mode. Therefore, it is possible to operate similarly to the monopole antenna mode in the low frequency band LB of 600 to 900 MHz. The first current I1 formed in the first conductive pattern 1110 connected to the feed pattern 1110f is formed to be larger than the second current I2b formed in the second conductive pattern 1120a connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g. Through the first current I1 formed in the first conductive pattern 1110 and the third current I3 and the fourth current I4 formed in the metal frame 49, the antenna component 1000a can operate in an operation mode similar to the monopole antenna mode in the first frequency band as the low frequency band LB. The antenna component 1000b with a structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is arranged in parallel with the metal frame 49 has a reduced reflection coefficient characteristic in the low frequency band LB, so that the LB bandwidth characteristic may be reduced.

[0193] Fig.12c (a) shows a third structure in which the antenna assembly 1000 is arranged adjacent to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle. A structure in which the metal frame 49 of the vehicle is arranged adjacent to the antenna assembly 1000 composed of the first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120, and 1130 is shown. The third conductive pattern 1130 as a coupled ground pattern can be arranged adjacent to the second conductive pattern 1120. A first current I1 can be formed in the first conductive pattern 1110. A second current I2c can be formed in the second conductive pattern 1120, and a fifth current I5c can be formed in the third conductive pattern 1130. By forming the second current I2c and the fifth current I5c in the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130, the third current I3c and the fourth current I4c formed in the metal frame 49 can be reduced.

[0194] Thus, since the third conductive pattern 1130 is configured as a coupled ground pattern, the influence of the ground path of the metal frame 49 can be reduced. Figure 12b The operation mode similar to the monopole antenna mode of (a) can be changed by the third conductive pattern 1130 to Fig.12c A dipole antenna pattern like (a).

[0195] The first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120 may be configured on the first dielectric substrate 1010a, and the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b in an FPCB structure. The first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be connected to the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313. A portion of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be connected to the second conductive pattern 1120. The second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be configured to act as a radiator of the UHB. The coaxial cable 313 may be configured in parallel with the metal frame 49. The signal line 313a of the coaxial cable 313 may be connected to the feed pattern 1110f, and the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313 may be connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0196] Fig.12c (b) shows the reflection coefficient characteristics of the antenna assembly 1000. Fig.12c The antenna assembly 1000 having a structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is arranged in parallel with the metal frame 49 can improve the reflection coefficient characteristics in the low frequency band LB through the third conductive pattern 1130 as a coupled ground pattern, thereby improving the LB bandwidth characteristics. In this regard, the antenna assembly 1000 exhibits a dual resonance characteristic in the low frequency band LB through the third conductive pattern 1130 as a coupled ground pattern.

[0197] With the Figures 12a to 12c Different current distributions are formed in the antenna component structure, and the operation modes can be formed differently. Fig.13 Shows Figures 12a to 12c The current distribution formed in the antenna component structure.

[0198] Reference Fig.12a (a) and Fig.13 (a), the antenna assembly 1000a forms a first current I1 in the first conductive pattern 1100 and a second current I2 in the second conductive pattern 1120a in the low frequency band LB, so that it can operate in a dipole antenna mode. Since the first current I1 is formed in the first conductive pattern 1100 and the second current I2 is formed in the second conductive pattern 1120a, the current distribution at the ends of the first conductive pattern 1100 and the second conductive pattern 1120a can be formed to be higher than the current distribution in other areas.

[0199] Reference Figure 12b (a) and Fig.13(b), in the low frequency band LB, the antenna component 1000b forms a first current I1 in the first conductive pattern 1100, and forms a third current I3 and a fourth current I4 in the metal frame 49. Through the third current I3 and the fourth current I4 formed in the metal frame 49, the current distribution can be formed higher in the lower region RL where the metal frame 49 and the second dielectric substrate 1010b are formed. Therefore, the current distribution in the lower region RL where the metal frame 49 and the second dielectric substrate 1010b are formed can be formed to be higher than the current distribution at the ends of the first conductive pattern 1100 and the second conductive pattern 1120a. As a result, in the low frequency band LB, the antenna reflection coefficient and the antenna efficiency characteristics may be reduced.

[0200] Reference Fig.12c (a) and Fig.13 (c), in the low frequency band LB, the antenna assembly 1000 forms a first current I1 in the first conductive pattern 1100, and forms a third current I3c and a fourth current I4c in the metal frame 49. A second current I2c can be formed in the second conductive pattern 1120, and a fifth current I5c can be formed in the third conductive pattern 1130. The third current I3c and the fourth current I4c formed in the metal frame 49 are reduced, and the second current I2c and the fifth current I5c formed in the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 can be increased. As a result, the current distribution of the radiator region Rr configured with the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 is formed higher. Therefore, the current distribution of the radiator region Rr configured with the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 is formed to be higher than Fig.13 The current distribution in the lower region RL of (b) is high. Therefore, the antenna assembly 1000 operates in a dipole antenna mode in the low frequency band LB through the first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120, and 1130, thereby improving the antenna reflection coefficient and antenna efficiency characteristics.

[0201] The aforementioned antenna assembly can be arranged perpendicularly or parallel to the metal frame of the vehicle. In this regard, Fig.14a It is a diagram comparing a first structure of an embodiment arranged perpendicularly to a metal frame of a vehicle and a second structure of an embodiment arranged parallel to the metal frame of the vehicle. Fig.14b It is a comparison Fig.14a Graph of the antenna efficiency of the first structure and the second structure.

[0202] Reference Fig.11 and Fig.14aThe metal mesh layer 1020 provided on the first dielectric substrate 1010a of the antenna assembly 1000b, 1000 can be arranged in the transparent area 311 of the glass panel 310. The first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, 1130a formed on the first dielectric substrate 1010a can constitute the first antenna ANT1. The second antenna ANT2 can be separated from the first antenna ANT1 by a predetermined interval and formed into a structure symmetrical to the first antenna ANT1. The fourth to sixth conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, 1130a formed on the first dielectric substrate 1010a can constitute the second antenna ANT2.

[0203] Fig.14a (a) shows a first structure in which the coaxial cable 313-1 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle. Fig.13 (b) of a shows a second structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is arranged in a direction parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle.

[0204] Reference Fig.11 and Fig.14a (a), the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b of the antenna assembly 1000b. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be configured on the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. The metal frame 49 of the vehicle may be configured adjacent to the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. In a first structure in which the coaxial cable 313-1 connected to the feed pattern 1110f is configured in a direction perpendicular to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle, the opaque region 312 may be formed to have a first length DL1 in the first axial direction. For example, the first length DL1 of the opaque region 312 in the first axial direction may be formed to be approximately 27 mm.

[0205] Reference Fig.11 and Fig.14a(b), the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g can be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b of the antenna assembly 1000. The second dielectric substrate 1010b can be configured in the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310. The metal frame 49 of the vehicle can be configured adjacent to the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310. In the second structure in which the coaxial cable 313 connected to the feed pattern 1110f is configured in a direction parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle, the opaque area 312 can be formed to a second length DL2 in the first axis direction. For example, the second length DL2 of the opaque area 312 in the first axis direction can be formed to be approximately 19 mm. In the second structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is configured in a direction parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle, the TCU can be combined between the coaxial cables 313. Therefore, the second structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is configured in a direction parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle is a structure that is easy to combine with the TCU.

[0206] Reference Fig.14a (a) and Fig.14b , (i) The first structure in which the coaxial cable 313-1 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle has an antenna efficiency characteristic of -3dB or more in the 600MHz to 0.6GHz frequency band. Fig.14a (b) and Fig.14b (ii) The second structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is arranged in a direction parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle reduces the antenna efficiency to below -3 dB in the 600 MHz to 800 MHz frequency band. For example, at a frequency of about 700 MHz, the antenna efficiency of the low frequency band LB is reduced by about 1.5 dB.

[0207] Reference Fig.14a (a) and Fig.14b , (i) The first structure in which the coaxial cable 313-1 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle has an antenna efficiency characteristic of -3 dB or more in the 4.5 GHz to 6 GHz frequency band. (ii) The second structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is arranged in a direction parallel to the metal frame 49 of the vehicle has an antenna efficiency characteristic of -3 dB or more in the 4.5 GHz to 6 GHz frequency band. For example, at a frequency of about 5.6 GHz, the antenna efficiency of the ultra-high frequency band UHB is reduced by about 1.5 dB.

[0208] Therefore, in the antenna assembly of the present specification, the distance between the metal frame 49 of the vehicle and the transparent antenna pattern is reduced, so that the antenna efficiency is reduced by more than 1.5 dB in the LB band. In addition, in the antenna assembly of the present specification, the antenna efficiency is reduced by more than 1.5 dB in the UHB band depending on the direction in which the coaxial cable is installed.

[0209] On the other hand, it is assumed that the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of the vehicle in this specification is a structure in which the coaxial cable 313 is horizontally configured and connected to the TCU. Fig.15a and Fig.15b An antenna assembly composed of a plurality of antenna elements of the embodiment is shown. Fig.15c Shows Fig.15a and Fig.15b Antenna efficiency characteristics of the antenna assembly.

[0210] Reference Figure 12b and Fig.15a , the antenna component 1000b may include first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, 1130a formed on a first dielectric substrate 1010a. The antenna component 1000b may include a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2 formed of the first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, 1130a. A feed pattern 1110f and a ground conductive pattern 1120g may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The second conductive patterns 1120a of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 may be formed in a symmetrical shape with one axis as a reference. The second conductive patterns 1120a of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 may be configured with a gap Ga above a critical value. The first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 may operate independently, but as the metal frame 49 is configured, the antenna characteristics may be reduced in the low frequency band LB.

[0211] The signal line 313a of the coaxial cable 313 can be connected to the feed pattern 1110f, and the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313 can be connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The coaxial cable 313 can be horizontally arranged with the feed pattern 1110f. The coaxial cable 313 of the first antenna ANT1 can be horizontally arranged on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The coaxial cable 313 of the second antenna ANT2 can be horizontally arranged on the other side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. Thus, the connector parts 313c of the coaxial cables 313 of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can be arranged adjacent to each other. The connector parts 313c of the coaxial cables 313 of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can be combined with the TCU.

[0212] Reference Fig.12c and Fig.15b The antenna assembly 1000 may include first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120, and 1130 formed on a first dielectric substrate 1010a. The third conductive pattern 1130 may be spaced apart from the second conductive pattern by a gap G below a critical value. The third conductive pattern 1130 may operate in the first frequency band by current coupled from the second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with the gap G as a reference.

[0213] The antenna assembly 1000 may further include a fourth conductive pattern 1140 formed on the first dielectric substrate 1010a. The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2 formed of the first conductive pattern 1110 to the fourth conductive pattern 1140. A feed pattern 1110f and a ground conductive pattern 1120g may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The third conductive pattern 1130 is configured to be separated from the second conductive pattern by a gap G below a critical value, so that the influence between the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 may increase. However, in the low frequency band LB, the current formed in the metal frame 49 is reduced, so that the antenna characteristics can be improved.

[0214] The signal line 313a of the coaxial cable 313 can be connected to the feeding pattern 1110f, and the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313 can be connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The sub-region 1112g1 of the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g can act as a radiator in the UHB band. The coaxial cable 313 can be horizontally arranged with the feeding pattern 1110f. The coaxial cable 313 of the first antenna ANT1 can be horizontally arranged on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The coaxial cable 313 of the second antenna ANT2 can be horizontally arranged on the other side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. Thus, the connector parts 313c of the coaxial cables 313 of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can be arranged adjacent to each other. According to the gap G interval below the critical value, the distance between the connector parts 313c of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can be reduced. The connector portion 313 c of the coaxial cable 313 of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 may be coupled to the TCU.

[0215] Reference Fig.15a and Fig.15c (i) The antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000b can be reduced to below -3dB as a reference value in the low frequency band LB. For example, in the 600MHz low frequency band LB, the efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000b can be reduced to -4.01dB, which is reduced by more than -1dB relative to the reference value. Fig.15b and Fig.15c (ii) The antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000 can be improved to more than -3 dB as a reference value in the low frequency band LB. For example, in the 600 MHz of the low frequency band LB, the efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000 is -2.97 dB, which can be more than 1 dB higher than the efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000b.

[0216] Reference Fig.15a and Fig.15c(i) The antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000b can be reduced to below -3dB as a reference value in the ultra-high frequency band UHB. For example, in the 5 GHz UHB band, the efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000b can be reduced to -3.74dB, which can be reduced below the reference value. Fig.15b and Fig.15c (ii) The antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000 in the UHB band can be improved to more than -3 dB as a reference value. For example, in the 5 GHz UHB band, the efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000 is -1.56 dB, which is more than 2.2 dB higher than the efficiency of the antenna assembly 1000b.

[0217] The broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by a single dielectric substrate on the same plane as the CPW feeder. In addition, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by forming a structure with grounding on both sides of the radiator, thereby forming a broadband structure.

[0218] The following describes the antenna components related to the broadband transparent antenna structure of this specification. Fig.16a Shows Fig.15b An enlarged view of the structure in which the second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern in the antenna component are arranged adjacent to each other. Fig.16b Shows Fig.15b An enlarged view of a structure in which a second conductive pattern and a third conductive pattern in an antenna component are arranged at a distance greater than a specified distance. Fig.16c Shows Fig.16a and Fig.16b The reflection coefficient and isolation characteristics of the antenna assembly.

[0219] Reference Fig.15b and Fig.16a , the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 of the antenna assembly 1000 may be arranged with a gap G below a critical value. Fig.15b and Fig.16b , the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 of the antenna assembly 1000 may be arranged with a gap Ga greater than a critical value. Figure 15b to Figure 16b The second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 may be formed in a symmetrical shape in a one-axis direction with the AA′ line as a reference.

[0220] Reference Fig.16a and Fig.16c (a) The first structure having a gap G below the critical value has a reflection loss characteristic of -8 dB or less in the low frequency band LB of 617 to 960 MHz. Fig.16b and Fig.16c(a) The second structure having a gap Ga greater than a critical value has a reflection loss characteristic of greater than -8 dB in a part of the low frequency band LB from 617 to 960 MHz, thereby narrowing the bandwidth characteristic.

[0221] Reference Fig.16a and Fig.16c (b) In the first structure with a gap G below the critical value, the isolation characteristic is slightly reduced in the low frequency band LB from 617 to 960 MHz, but remains below -8 dB. Fig.16b and Fig.16b (b), the second structure having a gap Ga separated by a critical value or more has an isolation characteristic of less than -12 dB in the low frequency band LB of 617 to 960 MHz. Therefore, the first structure having a gap G separated by a critical value or less has an isolation characteristic maintained at a prescribed level in the low frequency band LB of 617 to 960 MHz, and has excellent reflection coefficient characteristics and bandwidth characteristics in the low frequency band LB.

[0222] Reference Figure 11 to Figure 16c , the antenna assembly of the present specification is described. The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first dielectric substrate 1010a as a transparent substrate and a second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate. The first dielectric substrate 1010a may be referred to as a transparent substrate, and the second dielectric substrate 1010b may be referred to as an opaque substrate. The first dielectric substrate 1010a forms a transparent region, and a first conductive pattern 1110, a second conductive pattern 1120, and a third conductive pattern 1130 may be formed on one side thereof. The third conductive pattern 1130 may be configured to be separated from the second conductive pattern by a gap G. The third conductive pattern 1130 may operate in the first frequency band by a current coupled from a second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with the gap G as a reference. The second dielectric substrate 1010b forms an opaque region, and a ground conductive pattern 1110g and a feed pattern 1110f may be formed on one side thereof.

[0223] The first conductive pattern 1110 may include a first portion 1111 and a second portion 1112 perpendicular to the first portion 1111. The second conductive pattern 1120 may include a third portion 1121 and a fourth portion 1122 perpendicular to the third portion 1121. The third conductive pattern 1130 may include a fifth portion 1131 and a sixth portion 1132 perpendicular to the fifth portion 1131. An end portion of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 may be formed by being separated from an end portion of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 by a gap G.

[0224] A fourth conductive pattern 1140 having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap G may also be formed on the first dielectric substrate 1010a. A second ground conductive pattern 1120g and a second feed pattern 1120f may also be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The fourth conductive pattern 1140 may include a seventh portion 1141 and an eighth portion 1142 vertically connected to the seventh portion 1141. The eighth portion 1142 of the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be connected to the second feed pattern 1120f.

[0225] Reference Fig.16a , the end of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 and the end of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be separated by a gap G of 1.3 mm. The interval of the gap G formed between the end of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 and the end of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be formed to be less than λg / 20 based on a specific frequency of the first frequency band. Based on 800 MHz of the first frequency band, λg / 20 may be set to approximately 7.4 mm for the first dielectric substrate 1010a made of glass material with a dielectric constant of 6.5. Fig.16b , an end portion of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 and an end portion of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be separated by a second gap Ga of 13.3 mm.

[0226] As described above, if the gap G interval between the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 is reduced, the isolation characteristics are slightly reduced, but in the low frequency band LB, the reflection coefficient characteristics and the bandwidth characteristics are improved. In connection with the antenna performance evaluation, the gap G interval can be optimized to have a reflection coefficient of about -8dB or less and an isolation of about -8dB (or -10dB) or less. Therefore, in order to improve the antenna performance and optimize the size of the entire antenna while maintaining the isolation characteristics above the specified level, the gap interval needs to be maintained below the specified length. Thus, the gap G interval between the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 can be set to be less than λg / 20.

[0227] The ground conductive pattern 1110g of the second dielectric substrate 1010b may include a first region 1111g and a second region 1112g. The second portion 1112 of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be connected to the feeding pattern 1110f. The fourth portion 1122 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0228] The first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be connected to the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313. The first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may include a first subregion 1111g1 and a second subregion 111g2. The first subregion 1111g1 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be connected to the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313. A portion of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be connected to the fourth portion 1122 of the second conductive pattern 1120.

[0229] The second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be configured to act as a radiator of an ultra-high frequency band (UHB). UHB is a frequency band higher than the operating frequency band of the first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120. The second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may include a third sub-region 1112g1 and a fourth sub-region 1112g2. The third sub-region 1112g1 may be configured to be separated from one end of the feed pattern 1110f. The third sub-region 1112g1 may be formed in a triangular shape having a slope of a predetermined angle. The third sub-region 1112g1 may be formed so that the width in the second axis direction gradually decreases as it moves away from the feed pattern 1110f with the feed pattern 1110f as a reference. The fourth sub-region 1112g2 may be formed to be connected to the third sub-region 1112g1. The fourth sub-region 1112g2 may be formed in a rectangular shape. The third sub-region 1112g1 of the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may function as a radiator of the UHB. The second sub-region 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be arranged to overlap the coaxial cable 313 by a predetermined region.

[0230] Reference Figures 11 to 16b , a signal line 313a corresponding to one side end of the coaxial cable 313 may be connected to the feeding pattern 1110f. A ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313 may be connected to a contact portion 313CP formed concavely to accommodate the coaxial cable 313. The contact portion 313CP may be disposed in the first sub-region 1111g1 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0231] The first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may include a first sub-region 1111g1 and a second sub-region 1111g2. A second length L2 in the first axis direction of the second sub-region 1111g2 may be formed to be longer than a first length L1 in the first axis direction of the first sub-region 1111g1. A second width W2 in the second axis direction of the second sub-region 1111g2 may be formed to be narrower than a first width W1 in the second axis direction of the first sub-region 1111g1. The coaxial cable 313 may be configured to be separated from the second sub-region 1111g2.

[0232] The second portion 1112 of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be connected to the signal line 313a of the coaxial cable 313 through the feeding pattern 1110f. The fourth portion 1122 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the ground 313g of the coaxial cable 313 through the first subregion 1111g1 of the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0233] The second ground conductive pattern 1120g of the second dielectric substrate 1010b may include a third region 1121g and a fourth region 1122g. The third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g and the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed in a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap G. The fourth region 1122g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g and the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed in a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap G.

[0234] The second portion 1112 of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be connected to the feed pattern 1110f. The second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The eighth portion 1142 of the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be connected to the second feed pattern 1120f. The third conductive pattern 1130 may be connected to the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g.

[0235] The first subregion 1121g1 of the third region 1121g of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the ground 313b-2 of the second coaxial cable 313-2. The second subregion 1121g2 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may overlap the second coaxial cable 313-2 by a predetermined area.

[0236] The second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 may be formed to have a first length X1 in a first axial direction parallel to the coaxial cable 313. The coaxial cable 313 may be formed to have a second length X2 from a position where a signal line 313a corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the coaxial cable 313. The second coaxial cable 313-2 may be formed to have a second length X2 from a position where a corresponding signal line 313a corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the second coaxial cable 313-2. The second length X2 of the coaxial cables 313 and 313-2 may be formed to be 0.5 times greater than the first length X1 of the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130.

[0237] The second sub-region 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed to a third length X3 in the first axial direction. The second sub-region 1121g2 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may be formed to a third length X3 in the first axial direction. The third length X3 may be formed to be greater than 0.5 times the first length X1 and smaller than the second length X2.

[0238] The first sub-region 1111g1 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed to have a first width W1 in a second axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction. The first sub-region 1121g1 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may be formed to have a first width W1 in the second axial direction. The second sub-region 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed to have a second width W2 in the second axial direction. The second sub-region 1121g2 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may be formed to have a second width W2 in the second axial direction. The first width W1 may be formed to be larger than the sum of the second width W2 and the diameter of the coaxial cables 313, 313-2.

[0239] The coaxial cable 313 may be disposed in parallel and spaced apart from an end of the second subregion 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The second coaxial cable 313-2 may be disposed in parallel and spaced apart from an end of the fourth subregion 1121g2 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g.

[0240] The ground conductive pattern 1110g may include a first region 1111g and a second region 1112g connected to the first region 1111g and arranged on one side of the feed pattern 1110f. The second ground conductive pattern 1120g may include a third region 1121g and a fourth region 1122g connected to the third region 1121g and arranged on the other side of the second feed pattern 1120f. The second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be arranged at a lower region of the first portion 1111 of the first conductive pattern 1110. The fourth region 1122g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may be arranged at a lower region of the seventh portion 1141 of the fourth conductive pattern 1140.

[0241] The antenna assembly of the present specification can work using a plurality of antennas, so that a multiple input and output (MIMO) operation can be performed. The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2. The first antenna ANT1 may include a first conductive pattern 1110, a second conductive pattern 1120, and a second region 1112g of a ground conductive pattern 1110g. The first conductive pattern 1110, the second conductive pattern 1120, and the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may operate as the first antenna ANT1 in the first frequency band to the third frequency band. The second antenna ANT2 may include a third conductive pattern 1130, a fourth conductive pattern 1140, and a fourth region 1122g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g. The third conductive pattern 1130, the fourth conductive pattern 1140, and the fourth region 1122g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may operate as the second antenna ANT2 in the first frequency band to the third frequency band.

[0242] On the other hand, in the antenna assembly 1000 of the present specification, the length of the FPCB can be extended to improve the isolation characteristics between the antennas. Fig.17a A first structure in which the FPCB is not formed in a region where the coaxial cable is arranged is shown. Fig.17b A second structure is shown in which an FPCB is formed in a region where a coaxial cable is arranged. Fig.17c shows a coaxial cable with a Fig.17b The FPCB structure is a structure in which a ground conductive pattern and a feeding pattern are combined.

[0243] Reference Fig.17a(a), coupling of the first current I1 may be generated between the second conductive pattern 1120 and the first coaxial cable 313-1. Coupling of the second current I2 may be generated between the first coaxial cable 313-1 and the second coaxial cable 313-2. Coupling of a third current I3 above a critical value may be generated between the second coaxial cable 313-2 and the third conductive pattern 1130. Through the coupled third current I3 above the critical value, the interference level between the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 may increase.

[0244] Reference Fig.17a (a) and Fig.17a (b) The electric field distribution in the common region Rc where the second conductive pattern 1120, the first coaxial cable 313-1, the second coaxial cable 313-2, and the third conductive pattern 1130 are arranged is higher than the critical level. As a result, due to the coupling between the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 as the ground pattern and the first coaxial cable 313-1 and the second coaxial cable 313-2, the isolation characteristics between the antennas may be reduced.

[0245] Reference Fig.17b (a), the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g can be formed in parallel with the first coaxial cable 313-1 to be longer than a specified length. The second sub-region 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g can be formed to be longer than a specified length. Coupling of the first current I1 can be generated between the second conductive pattern 1120 and the first coaxial cable 313-1. Coupling of the second current I2b below a critical value can be generated between the first coaxial cable 313-1 and the second coaxial cable 313-2. The coupled first current I1 can be coupled to the second sub-region 1111g2 as a fourth current I4. Coupling of the third current I3b below a critical value is generated between the second coaxial cable 313-2 and the third conductive pattern 1130, thereby reducing the interference level between the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2. The coupled second current I2b can be coupled to the second sub-region 1111g2 as a fifth current I5.

[0246] Reference Fig.17b (a) and Fig.17b(b), the electric field distribution of the common area Rc where the second conductive pattern 1120, the first coaxial cable 313-1, the second coaxial cable 313-2 and the third conductive pattern 1130 are configured is lowered to be below the critical level. Thus, the coupling between the second conductive pattern 1120, the third conductive pattern 1130 as the ground pattern and the first coaxial cable 313-1, the second coaxial cable 313-2 can be reduced by the second sub-area 1111g2 formed in parallel with the first coaxial cable 313-1 and the second coaxial cable 313-2. Therefore, the second sub-area 1111g2 formed as the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the FPCB1100b reduces the amount of coupling leaked between adjacent antennas to below the critical level, thereby being able to improve the isolation characteristics between the antennas.

[0247] Reference Fig.17b and Fig.17c , a signal line 313a corresponding to one side end of the coaxial cable 313 may be connected to the feed pattern 1110f. The ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313 may be connected to a contact portion 313CP formed recessed to accommodate the coaxial cable 313. The contact portion 313CP may be configured in a first sub-region 1111g1 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. In order to optimize the antenna performance in the UHB band, the length Lu from the contact portion 313CP to the end of the fourth sub-region 1112g2 of the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be implemented as a prescribed range. The length Lu from the contact portion 313CP to the end of the fourth sub-region 1112g2 of the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed in a range between 0.5 times and 1 times of a specific wavelength corresponding to a specific frequency of the UHB.

[0248] On the other hand, the antenna assembly of the present specification forms a resonance mode in different regions for each frequency band, thereby improving antenna performance. Fig.18a and Fig.18b Shows Fig.17a and Fig.17b The reflection coefficient characteristics and efficiency characteristics of the antenna component structure. Fig.18c The electric field distribution of each frequency band of the antenna assembly of this specification is shown.

[0249] Reference Fig.17a and Fig.18a (a), the reflection loss characteristic of the first structure in which the FPCB is not formed in the area where the coaxial cable is arranged satisfies the characteristic of being below -8dB in the LB band and the UHB band. Fig.17b and Fig.18a(a) shows that the reflection loss characteristic of the second structure in which the FPCB is formed in the area where the coaxial cable is arranged satisfies the characteristic of -8 dB or less in the LB band and the UHB band. Therefore, the reflection loss characteristic is similar regardless of whether the FPCB is arranged in parallel with the coaxial cable.

[0250] Reference Fig.17a and Fig.18a (b), the isolation characteristic of the first structure in which the FPCB is not formed in the area where the coaxial cable is arranged is reduced to more than -8dB in a part of the LB frequency band. Fig.17b and Fig.18a (b) The isolation loss characteristic of the second structure in which the FPCB is formed in the area where the coaxial cable is arranged satisfies the characteristic of -8 dB or less in the LB band. Therefore, the isolation characteristic is improved in the second structure in which the FPCB is arranged in parallel with the coaxial cable.

[0251] Reference Fig.17a and Fig.18b The efficiency characteristics of the first structure in which the FPCB is not formed in the area where the coaxial cable is arranged satisfy the characteristics of -3dB or more in the LB band and the UHB band. Fig.17b and Fig.18b The efficiency characteristics of the second structure in which the FPCB is formed in the area where the coaxial cable is arranged meet the characteristics of more than -3dB in the LB band and the UHB band, and have a value higher than the first structure by more than 0.2dB. Therefore, the antenna efficiency characteristics are improved in the second structure in which the FPCB is arranged in parallel with the coaxial cable.

[0252] Fig.18c (a) and Fig.18c (b) shows Fig.16a The electric field distribution of the antenna assembly at 617MHz and 5GHz. Fig.16a and Fig.18c (a), the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 of the antenna assembly 1000 can be arranged with a gap G below a critical value. In the low frequency band LB, the electric field distribution of the first region R1a including the first coaxial cable 313-1, the second coaxial cable 313-2, the second conductive pattern 1120, the lower end of the third conductive pattern 1130, and the gap G can be formed to be higher than other regions. Therefore, by coupling the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 equivalent to the ground pattern, the impedance matching characteristics are improved in the low frequency band LB, thereby improving the antenna characteristics in the low frequency band LB.

[0253] Reference Fig.16a and Fig.18c(b), the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 of the antenna assembly 1000 can be configured with a gap G below a critical value. In the ultra-high frequency band UHB, the electric field distribution of the second region R2a of the second region 1112g including the ground conductive pattern 1110g is formed to be higher than other regions. Therefore, by changing the structure of the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the FPCB formed with the feed pattern 1110f, an additional resonant mode can be generated in the UHB band. Thus, in the UHB band of 5 GHz, by adding a resonant mode, the antenna bandwidth and antenna efficiency can be improved in the UHB band.

[0254] On the other hand, the antenna assembly 1000 of the present specification can operate in multiple frequency bands for 4G / 5G wireless communications. The antenna assembly 1000 can operate in a dipole antenna mode in 617 to 960 MHz as a first frequency band. The first frequency band may correspond to the low band (low band, LB) of 4G / 5G. It can operate in a monopole antenna mode in 1520 to 4500 MHz as a second frequency band. The second frequency band may correspond to the mid band (mid band, MB) and high band (highband, HB) of 4G / 5G. The antenna assembly 1000 can operate as a radiator by additional resonance in 4500 to 6000 MHz as a third frequency band. The third frequency band may correspond to the ultrahigh band (ultrahigh band, UHB) of 4G / 5G.

[0255] Reference Figures 11 to 18c , the radiation principle and operation of the antenna assembly 1000 according to each frequency band are described. The first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120 can operate as the first antenna ANT1 in a dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band. The third conductive pattern 1130 and the fourth conductive pattern 1140 can operate as the second antenna ANT2 in a dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band. The first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120 can be formed to have an asymmetrical structure. The third conductive pattern 1130 and the fourth conductive pattern 1140 can be formed to have an asymmetrical structure.

[0256] The boundary BS1 of the upper end portion and the boundary BS2 of the lower end portion of the first portion 1111 of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be formed in a step shape. The boundary BS1 of the upper end portion of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be formed in a straight line shape, and the boundary BS2 of the lower end portion may be formed in a step shape. The boundary BS1 of the upper end portion of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 may be formed in a straight line shape, and the boundary BS2 of the lower end portion may be formed in a step shape. The boundary BS1 of the upper end portion and the boundary BS2 of the lower end portion of the seventh portion 1141 of the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be formed in a step shape.

[0257] The first conductive pattern 1110 can operate as a first antenna ANT1 in a monopole antenna mode in the second frequency band. The fourth conductive pattern 1140 can operate as a second antenna ANT1 in a monopole antenna mode in the second frequency band. The second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g can operate as the first antenna ANT1 as a radiator in the third frequency band. The fourth region 1122g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g can operate as the second antenna ANT2 as a radiator in the third frequency band. The second frequency band can be set to a frequency greater than the first frequency band. The third frequency band can be set to a frequency greater than the second frequency band.

[0258] On the other hand, the antenna assembly of the present specification can be formed in a transparent antenna structure. Figure 7b and Fig.15b , the first conductive pattern 1110, the second conductive pattern 1120, the third conductive pattern 1130, and the fourth conductive pattern 1140 of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed as a metal mesh shape 1020 having a plurality of open areas OA on the first dielectric substrate 1010a. The first conductive pattern 1110, the second conductive pattern 1120, the third conductive pattern 1130, and the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be formed by a metal grid pattern 1020a. The metal grid pattern 1020a may be formed to have an open area OA between it and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. The first conductive pattern 1110, the second conductive pattern 1120, the third conductive pattern 1130, and the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be formed as a coplanar waveguide (CPW: Coplanar Waveguide) on the first dielectric substrate 1010a.

[0259] The antenna assembly 1000 may include a plurality of dummy grid patterns 1020b in the radiator region on the first dielectric substrate 1010a, that is, in the outside portion of the first region 1100a. On the other hand, the plurality of dummy grid patterns 1020b may also be configured in the dielectric region between the first conductive pattern 1110 to the second conductive pattern 1140. The plurality of dummy grid patterns 1020b may be formed to be not connected to the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The plurality of dummy grid patterns 1020b may be formed to be not connected to the second feed pattern 1120f and the ground conductive pattern 1120g. The plurality of dummy grid patterns 1020b may be formed to be separated from each other.

[0260] As mentioned above, the antenna assembly of the present specification can be configured on the vehicle glass and can be configured adjacent to the metal frame of the vehicle. In addition, the antenna assembly of the present specification can include a plurality of antenna elements to perform multiple input and output (MIMO). In this regard, Fig.19a A plurality of antenna elements is shown. Figure 12b The antenna assembly is configured on the structure of the vehicle glass. Fig.19b A plurality of antenna elements is shown. Figure 12b The antenna assembly is formed on a structure of a glass panel arranged inside a metal frame. Fig.19c yes Fig.19b A side perspective view of an exploded state of a combined structure of a metal frame and a glass panel forming an antenna assembly.

[0261] Reference Figure 12b and Fig.19a , an antenna assembly 1000b including a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2 may be disposed on the glass panel 310. The glass panel 310 may be formed with a specified length, width, and thickness. For example, the vehicle glass 310 may be formed to be 600x400mm, and the thickness of the glass panel 310 may be formed to be 3.5t, but is not limited thereto and may be changed according to the application. The first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 including the first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, and 1130a may be configured in a symmetrical form with the AA' line as a reference.

[0262] Reference Fig.11 , Figure 12b , Fig.19b as well as Fig.19cThe glass panel 310 disposed inside the metal frame 49 may be provided with an antenna assembly 1000b including a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2. The metal frame 49 may be configured to include a main body 49b of a metal material and an inner cover 49c. The inner cover 49c may be formed of a metal material or a dielectric material. The inner cover 49c may be disposed in a lower region of the main body 49b of the metal material so as to overlap with the main body 49b of the metal material.

[0263] The glass panel 310 may be disposed in the hollow space inside the metal frame 49. The glass panel 310 may be configured to include a transparent region 311 and an opaque region 312. A frit pattern may be formed in the opaque region 312. At least a portion of the opaque region 312 may be disposed to overlap with the main body 49b of the metal material.

[0264] The glass panel 310 may be formed with a specified length, width and thickness. For example, the glass panel 310 may be formed with 600x400 mm, and the thickness of the glass panel 310 may be formed with 3.5t, but is not limited thereto and may be changed according to the application. The first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 including the first to third conductive patterns 1110, 1120a, 1130a may be formed in a symmetrical form with the AA' line as a reference.

[0265] on the other hand, Fig.20a Shows Fig.19a Reflection coefficient and efficiency characteristics of antenna components. Fig.20b Shows Fig.19b Reflection coefficient and efficiency characteristics of the antenna assembly adjacent to the metal frame.

[0266] Reference Fig.19a and Fig.20a (a), the antenna assembly 1000b has reflection coefficient characteristics S11 and S22 of less than -8 dB in the 600 MHz to 6 GHz frequency band, which is the entire frequency band for 4G / 5G wireless communications. Here, S11 and S22 represent the reflection coefficient characteristics of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2, respectively. The isolation S21 between the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 has a value of less than -10 dB in the 600 MHz to 6 GHz frequency band.

[0267] Reference Fig.12a , Fig.19a as well as Fig.20a (b), (i) the antenna assembly 1000a has an antenna efficiency characteristic of more than -3dB in the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band. Figure 12b , Fig.19a as well as Fig.20a(b), (ii) the antenna efficiency of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 of the antenna assembly 1000b is reduced to below -3dB in the UHB band above 4.5GHz in the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band. Figure 12b (ii) The antenna assembly 1000 b has reduced antenna efficiency in the UHB band even in a structure without a metal frame due to the shortened length of the FPCB 1100 b , the deletion of the third conductive pattern, and the configuration structure of the coaxial cable 313 c .

[0268] Reference Fig.19b and Fig.20b (a), the reflection coefficient characteristics S11 and S22 of the antenna component 1000b can be reduced to above -8dB in the approximately 900MHz frequency band of the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band, which is the entire frequency band for 4G / 5G wireless communications. In the approximately 800 to 1100MHz frequency band of the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band, the reflection coefficient characteristics S11 and S22 can be reduced to above -8dB. Here, S11 and S22 respectively represent the reflection coefficient characteristics of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2. The isolation S21 between the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 has a value of less than -10dB in the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band.

[0269] Reference Fig.12a , Fig.19a as well as Fig.20b (b), (i) the antenna assembly 1000a has an antenna efficiency characteristic of more than -3dB in the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band. Figure 12b , Fig.19b as well as Fig.20b (b), (ii) the antenna efficiency of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 of the antenna assembly 1000b is reduced to below -3dB in the UHB band above 4.5GHz in the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band. Figure 12b (ii) The antenna assembly 1000 b has reduced antenna efficiency in the UHB band due to the shortened length of the FPCB 1100 b , the deletion of the third conductive pattern, and the configuration structure of the coaxial cable 313 c . Figure 12b (ii) The antenna efficiencies of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 of the antenna assembly 1000 b are also reduced to below −3 dB in the 600 MHz to 1 GHz frequency band.

[0270] Reference Figure 12b , Fig.19b as well as Fig.20bBy configuring the metal frame 49 adjacent to the antenna assembly 1000b, in the low frequency band LB, such as the 900MHz band, the reflection loss characteristic is reduced and the antenna efficiency can be reduced by about 1.2dB.

[0271] As mentioned above, the antenna assembly of the present specification can be configured on the vehicle glass and can be configured adjacent to the metal frame of the vehicle. In addition, the antenna assembly of the present specification can include a plurality of antenna elements to perform multiple input and output (MIMO). In this regard, Fig.21a A plurality of antenna elements is shown. Fig.12c The antenna assembly is configured in a structure of a vehicle glass disposed inside a metal frame. Figure 21b Shows Fig.21a Reflection coefficient and efficiency characteristics of antenna components.

[0272] Reference Fig.12c , Fig.15b as well as Fig.21a , an antenna assembly 1000 including a first antenna ANT1 and a second antenna ANT2 may be disposed on the vehicle glass 310. The vehicle glass 310 may be formed with a specified length, width, and thickness. The second antenna ANT2 may be configured in a symmetrical form with the AA' line as a reference. The first antenna ANT1 may include a first conductive pattern 1110, a second conductive pattern 1120, and a ground conductive pattern 1110g. The second antenna ANT2 may include a third conductive pattern 1130, a fourth conductive pattern 1140, and a second ground conductive pattern 1120g.

[0273] Reference Fig.12a , Fig.19a as well as Figure 21b (b), (i) the antenna assembly 1000a has an antenna efficiency characteristic of more than -3dB in the 600MHz to 6GHz frequency band. Fig.21a and Figure 21b (a), the antenna assembly 1000 has reflection coefficient characteristics S11 and S22 of less than -8 dB in the 600 MHz to 6 GHz frequency band, which is the entire frequency band for 4G / 5G wireless communications. Here, S11 and S22 represent the reflection coefficient characteristics of the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2, respectively. The isolation S21 between the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 has a value of less than -10 dB in the 600 MHz to 6 GHz frequency band.

[0274] Reference Fig.21a and Figure 21b(b), the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 of the antenna assembly 1000 have an antenna efficiency value of more than -3dB in the low frequency band LB in the frequency band of 600MHz to 6GHz. In addition, the first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 of the antenna assembly 1000 also have an antenna efficiency value of more than -3dB in the UHB band above 4.5GHz in the frequency band of 600MHz to 6GHz. Therefore, despite the shortening of the length of FPCB1100b, the deletion of the third conductive pattern, and the configuration structure of the coaxial cable 313c, the antenna efficiency can also be improved in the LB band and the UHB band.

[0275] On the other hand, the antenna assembly of the present specification may include a first transparent dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate formed with a transparent electrode layer. In this regard, Fig.22a and Figure 22b It shows the process flow of combining the antenna assembly of the embodiment with the glass panel.

[0276] Reference Fig.22a (a), a first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a having a transparent electrode layer can be manufactured. In addition, a second dielectric substrate 1000b having a feeding pattern 1120f and grounding patterns 1121g and 1122g formed on both sides of the feeding pattern 1120f can be manufactured. The second dielectric substrate 1000b can be implemented by an FPCB, but is not limited thereto. Adhesion areas corresponding to the adhesive layer 1041 can be formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b, respectively.

[0277] Reference Fig.22a (b), a glass panel 310 having a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312 can be manufactured. In addition, the antenna assembly 1000 can be manufactured by combining at least one second dielectric substrate 1000b in the lower area of ​​the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be combined by ACF bonding or low-temperature welding to realize a transparent antenna assembly. Thus, the first conductive pattern formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a can be electrically connected to the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1000b. When a plurality of antenna elements are implemented on the glass panel 310, the feeding structure 1100f made of the second dielectric substrate 1000b can also be implemented as a plurality of feeding structures.

[0278] Reference Fig.22a(c), the transparent antenna assembly 1000 may be attached to the glass panel 310. In this regard, the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a formed with a transparent electrode layer may be disposed in the transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. On the other hand, the second dielectric substrate 1000b as an opaque substrate may be disposed in the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310.

[0279] Reference Fig.22a (d), the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be joined at the first position P1. The connector component 313 such as the fakra cable can be joined to the second dielectric substrate 1000b at the second position P2. The transparent antenna assembly 1000 can be combined with the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 using the connector component 313. To this end, the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b can be electrically connected to the connector at one end of the connector component 313. The connector at the other end of the connector component 313 can be electrically connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300.

[0280] Figure 22b The antenna components and Fig.22a The difference in the structure of the antenna assembly is that the opaque substrate is integrally made on the glass panel 310, rather than being made separately. Figure 22b In the antenna assembly, the feeding structure implemented by the opaque substrate is implemented by directly printing on the glass panel 310, rather than being made separately by the FPCB.

[0281] Reference Figure 22b (a), a first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a having a transparent electrode layer formed thereon can be manufactured. In addition, a glass panel 310 having a transparent region 311 and an opaque region 312 can be manufactured. In the glass panel manufacturing process of the vehicle, a metal wire / plate for connector connection can be realized (fired). As in the case of a heat wire realized in the glass of the vehicle, a transparent antenna mounting portion can be realized in a metal form on the glass panel 310. In this regard, in order to electrically connect to the first conductive pattern of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a, a second conductive pattern can be realized in the region having the adhesive layer 1041 formed thereon.

[0282] In this regard, the second dielectric substrate 1000b formed with the second conductive pattern may be manufactured integrally with the glass panel 310. The second dielectric substrate 1000b may be integrally formed with the glass panel 310 at the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. The frit pattern 312 formed with the opaque region 312 of the second dielectric substrate 1000b may be removed. The second conductive pattern may be realized by forming a feed pattern 1120f on the second dielectric substrate 1000b and forming ground patterns 1121g, 1122g on both sides of the feed pattern 1120f.

[0283] Reference Figure 22b (b), the transparent antenna assembly 1000 can be attached to the glass panel 310. In this regard, a first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a formed with a transparent electrode layer can be configured in a transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. The antenna assembly 1000 can be manufactured by combining at least one second dielectric substrate 1000b in a lower region of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be combined by ACF bonding or low-temperature welding to realize a transparent antenna assembly. Thus, the first conductive pattern formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a can be electrically connected to the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1000b. When a plurality of antenna elements are implemented on the glass panel 310, the feeding structure 1100f made of the second dielectric substrate 1000b can also be implemented as a plurality of feeding structures.

[0284] Reference Figure 22b (c), the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be joined at the first position P1. The connector component 313 such as the fakra cable can be joined to the second dielectric substrate 1000b at the second position P2. The transparent antenna assembly 1000 can be combined with the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 using the connector component 313. To this end, the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b can be electrically connected to the connector at one end of the connector component 313. The connector at the other end of the connector component 313 can be electrically connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300.

[0285] Hereinafter, a vehicle having an antenna module according to one aspect of the present specification will be described in detail. Fig.23 This shows a configuration in which a plurality of antenna modules disposed at different positions of the vehicle of this specification are combined with other components of the vehicle.

[0286] Reference Figures 1 to 23The vehicle 500 has a conductive vehicle body that acts as an electrical ground. The vehicle 500 may have a plurality of antennas 1100a to 1100d that may be disposed at different positions of the glass panel 310. The antenna assembly 1000 may be configured such that the plurality of antennas 1100a to 1100d include a communication module 300. The communication module 300 may include a transceiver circuit 1250 and a processor 1400. The communication module 300 may be equivalent to a TCU of the vehicle or constitute at least a portion of a TCU.

[0287] The vehicle 500 may include an object detection device 520 and a navigation system 550. The vehicle 500 may include an additional processor 570 in addition to the processor 1400 included in the communication module 300. The additional processor 570 may be physically distinguished from the processor 1400 or may be functionally distinguished and implemented on a substrate. The processor 1400 may be implemented as a TCU, and the processor 570 may be implemented as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0288] In the case where the vehicle 500 is an autonomous driving vehicle, the processor 570 may be an autonomous driving integrated controller (ADCU: Automated Driving Control Unit) integrated with an ECU. Based on the information sensed by the camera 531, the radar 532, and / or the laser radar 533, the processor 570 may search for a path and control the increase or decrease of the speed of the vehicle 500. To this end, the processor 570 may be linked with the processor 530 equivalent to the MCU in the object detection device 520 and / or the communication module 300 equivalent to the TCU.

[0289] The vehicle 500 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b configured on a glass panel 310. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be formed inside the glass panel 310 of the vehicle or attached to the surface of the glass panel 310. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be configured to form a conductive pattern in the form of a metal mesh. The vehicle 500 may include an antenna module 1100 on one side of the dielectric substrate 1010, wherein the antenna module 1100 is formed with a conductive pattern formed in the shape of a metal mesh to radiate a wireless signal.

[0290] The vehicle 500 may include a metal frame 49, a glass panel 310, and an antenna assembly 1100. An opening is formed inside the metal frame 49, and the glass panel 310 may be disposed in the opening. The glass panel 310 may include a transparent region 311 and an opaque region 312.

[0291] The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, which is disposed in a transparent region 311 of a glass panel 310 and is formed with a first conductive pattern 1110, a second conductive pattern 1120, and a third conductive pattern 1130 separated from the second conductive pattern 1120 by a gap. The antenna assembly 1100 may include a second dielectric substrate 1010b, which is disposed in an opaque region 312 of a glass panel 310 and includes a ground conductive pattern 1110g and a feed pattern 1110f. The first conductive pattern 1110 may include a first portion 1111 and a second portion 1112 perpendicular to the first portion 1111. The second conductive pattern 1120 may include a third portion 1113 and a fourth portion 1122 perpendicular to the third portion 1121.

[0292] The ground conductive pattern 1110g of the second dielectric substrate 1010b may include a first region 1111g and a second region 1112g. The second portion 1112 of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be connected to the feed pattern 1110f. The second conductive pattern 1120 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0293] The first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be connected to the ground 313b of the coaxial cable 313. The second sub-region 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be arranged to overlap the coaxial cable 313 by a predetermined region.

[0294] The third conductive pattern 1130 may include a fifth portion 1131 and a sixth portion 1132 perpendicular to the fifth portion 1131. The end of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 may be separated from the end of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 by a gap G. The interval of the gap G formed between the end of the fifth portion 1131 of the third conductive pattern 1130 and the end of the third portion 1121 of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be formed to be λg / 20 or less based on a specific frequency of the first frequency band.

[0295] The first dielectric substrate 1010a may also be formed with a fourth conductive pattern 1140 having a symmetrical shape with the gap G as a reference. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may also be formed with a second ground conductive pattern 1120g and a second feed pattern 1120f. The fourth conductive pattern 1140 may include a seventh portion 1141 and an eighth portion 1142 vertically connected to the seventh portion 1141. The eighth portion 1142 of the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be connected to the second feed pattern 1120f.

[0296] The second ground conductive pattern 1120g of the second dielectric substrate 1010b may include a third region 1121g and a fourth region 1122g. The third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g and the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed in a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap G. The fourth region 1122g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g and the second region 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed in a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap G.

[0297] The second portion 1112 of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be connected to the feed pattern 1110f. The second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The eighth portion 1142 of the fourth conductive pattern 1140 may be connected to the second feed pattern 1120f. The third conductive pattern 1130 may be connected to the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g.

[0298] The first subregion 1121g1 of the third region 1121g of the second conductive pattern 1120 may be connected to the ground 313b-2 of the second coaxial cable 313-2. The second subregion 1121g2 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may overlap the second coaxial cable 313-2 by a predetermined area.

[0299] The second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130 may be formed to have a first length X1 in a first axial direction parallel to the coaxial cable 313. The coaxial cable 313 may be formed to have a second length X2 from a position where a signal line 313a corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the coaxial cable 313. The second coaxial cable 313-2 may be formed to have a second length X2 from a position where a signal line 313a-2 corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the second coaxial cable 313-2. The second length X2 of the coaxial cables 313 and 313-2 may be formed to be greater than 0.5 times the first length X1 of the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130.

[0300] The second sub-region 1111g2 of the first region 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed to a third length X3 in the first axial direction. The second sub-region 1121g2 of the third region 1121g of the second ground conductive pattern 1120g may be formed to a third length X3 in the first axial direction. The third length X3 may be formed to be greater than 0.5 times the first length X1 and smaller than the second length X2.

[0301] The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first antenna module 1100a to a fourth antenna module 1100d to perform multiple input and output (MIMO). The first antenna module 1100a may be configured at the upper left side of the glass panel 310, the second antenna module 1100b may be configured at the lower left side, the third antenna module 1100c may be configured at the upper right side, and the fourth antenna module 1100d may be configured at the lower right side. The first antenna module 1100a may be referred to as the first antenna ANT1, the second antenna module 1100b may be referred to as the second antenna ANT2, the third antenna module 1100c may be referred to as the third antenna ANT3, and the fourth antenna module 1100d may be referred to as the fourth antenna ANT4. The first antenna ANT1 may be referred to as the first antenna module ANT1, the second antenna ANT2 may be referred to as the second antenna module ANT2, the third antenna ANT3 may be referred to as the third antenna module ANT3, and the fourth antenna ANT4 may be referred to as the fourth antenna module ANT4. In this regard, Fig.15b The first antenna ANT1 and the second antenna ANT2 can be connected with Fig.23 The first antenna module 1100a, ANT1, the second antenna module 1100b, ANT2 correspond to the first antenna module 1100a, ANT1, the second antenna module 1100b, ANT2. The first antenna module 1100a, ANT1, the second antenna module 1100b, ANT2 can be as follows Fig.15a As in the case of separating the gap Ga above the critical value or as in the case of Fig.15b In this way, a gap G below the critical value is separated.

[0302] As described above, the vehicle 500 may include a telematics control unit (TCU) 300 as a communication module. The TCU 300 may be controlled to transmit and receive signals through at least one of the first to fourth antenna modules 1100a to 1100d. The TCU 300 may include a transceiver circuit 1250 and a baseband processor 1400.

[0303] Thus, the vehicle may further include a transceiver circuit 1250 and a processor 1400. A portion of the transceiver circuit 1250 may also be configured in units of antenna modules or a combination thereof. The transceiver circuit 1250 may be controlled so that a wireless signal of at least one of the first to third frequency bands is radiated through antenna modules ANT1 to ANT4. The first to third frequency bands may be a low frequency band (LB), a middle frequency band (MB), and a high frequency band (HB) for 4G / 5G wireless communications, but are not limited thereto.

[0304] The processor 1400 is operably combined with the transceiver circuit 1250 and can be composed of a modem operating at a baseband. The processor 1400 can be configured to receive or send a signal through at least one of the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2. The processor 1400 can perform a diversity operation or a MIMO operation using the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2 to transmit the signal to the interior of the vehicle.

[0305] The antenna module may be disposed in different areas on one side and the other side of the glass panel 310. The antenna module may simultaneously receive signals from the front direction of the vehicle and perform multiple input and output (MIMO). In this regard, the antenna module may further include a third antenna module ANT3 and a fourth antenna module ANT4 in addition to the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2 to perform 4X4 MIMO.

[0306] The processor 1400 may be configured to select an antenna module to communicate with the entity based on the driving path of the vehicle and the communication path of the entity communicating with the vehicle. The processor 1400 may perform MIMO operation using the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2 based on the direction of the vehicle. Alternatively, the processor 1400 may perform MIMO operation using the third antenna module ANT2 and the second antenna module ANT4 based on the direction of the vehicle.

[0307] The processor 1400 may perform multiple input and output (MIMO) in the first frequency band through two or more antennas among the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4. The processor 1400 may perform multiple input and output (MIMO) in at least one of the second frequency band and the third frequency band through two or more antennas among the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4.

[0308] Therefore, when the signal transmission and reception performance of the vehicle decreases in a certain frequency band, the vehicle can transmit and receive signals through other frequency bands. As an example, for a wider communication coverage and connection reliability, the vehicle can preferentially perform communication connection in the first frequency band, which is a low frequency band, and then perform communication connection in the second and third frequency bands.

[0309] The processor 1400 can control the transceiver circuit 1250 to perform carrier aggregation (CA) or dual connectivity (DC) through at least one of the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4. In this regard, the communication capacity can be expanded by aggregating the second and third frequency bands that are wider than the first frequency band. In addition, the communication reliability can be improved by utilizing a plurality of antenna elements configured in different areas of the vehicle to provide dual connectivity with surrounding vehicles or entities.

[0310] The broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be disposed on the vehicle glass and the vehicle having the same have been described above. Next, the technical effects of the broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be disposed on the vehicle glass and the vehicle as described above will be described.

[0311] Next, the technical effects of the broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on the vehicle glass as described above will be described.

[0312] According to the present specification, a broadband transparent antenna assembly having a conductive pattern and an FPCB stub structure that can be configured on vehicle glass is provided, thereby enabling 4G / 5G broadband wireless communication in the vehicle.

[0313] According to the present specification, the conductive pattern and the FPCB stub shape in a broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be configured on vehicle glass can be optimized, and the antenna efficiency can be improved through an antenna structure with an asymmetrical structure.

[0314] According to the present specification, a broadband antenna structure made of a transparent material can be realized that can reduce feed loss and improve antenna efficiency by setting antenna operation modes differently for each frequency band.

[0315] According to the present specification, a broadband antenna structure considering the actual vehicle attachment environment can be provided by analyzing the influence caused by the metal chassis of the vehicle other than the glass panel and the antenna performance change based on the cable structure.

[0316] According to the present specification, in an antenna assembly in which metal frames are formed adjacent to each other, it is possible to prevent the antenna reflection coefficient characteristic and the bandwidth characteristic from being reduced by using the conductive patterns of the adjacent transparent antenna elements.

[0317] According to the present specification, by arranging conductive patterns adjacent to each other with a gap equal to or smaller than a critical value between adjacent transparent antenna elements, it is possible to improve the antenna reflection coefficient characteristics and bandwidth characteristics in the low frequency band LB.

[0318] According to the present specification, by arranging transparent antenna elements formed adjacent to metal frames adjacent to each other and arranging the coaxial cable and FPCB in parallel in a predetermined area, the isolation between the antenna elements can be maintained below a predetermined level.

[0319] According to the present specification, a transparent antenna structure capable of minimizing antenna performance variation and transparency difference between an antenna area and a surrounding area and capable of wireless communication in 4G and 5G frequency bands can be provided.

[0320] The following detailed description will further clarify the additional scope to which this specification can be applied. However, since a person skilled in the art can clearly understand the various changes and modifications within the concept and scope of this specification, it should be understood that the specific embodiments of the preferred embodiments described in detail and this specification are only examples.

[0321] In connection with the aforementioned present specification, the design of the antenna assembly including the transparent antenna and the vehicle controlling it and its driving can be implemented by a computer-readable code on a medium having a program recorded thereon. Computer-readable media include all types of storage devices storing data that can be read by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable media include HDD (Hard Disk Drive), solid-state drive (Solid State Disk, SSD), SDD (Silicon Disk Drive), ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, etc., and can also be implemented in the form of a carrier wave (e.g., Internet-based transmission). In addition, the computer may also include a control unit of the terminal. Therefore, the detailed description described above should not be construed as restrictive in all respects, but should be construed as exemplary. The scope of this specification should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the attached claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of this specification should fall within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, wherein: include: A first dielectric substrate, forming a transparent region, having a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern separated from the second conductive pattern by a gap, wherein the third conductive pattern operates in a first frequency band using a current coupled from the second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap; as well as a second dielectric substrate forming an opaque region including a ground conductive pattern and a feed pattern; The first conductive pattern includes a first portion and a second portion perpendicular to the first portion; The ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate includes a first region and a second region; The second portion of the first conductive pattern is connected to the feed pattern, and the second conductive pattern is connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern; A first sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern is connected to a ground of a coaxial cable, and a second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern is arranged to overlap with the coaxial cable by a predetermined region.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The second conductive pattern includes a third portion and a fourth portion perpendicular to the third portion; The third conductive pattern includes a fifth portion and a sixth portion perpendicular to the fifth portion; An end portion of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern is formed to be spaced apart from an end portion of the third portion of the second conductive pattern by the gap.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interval of the gap formed between the end of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern and the end of the third portion of the second conductive pattern is formed to be equal to or smaller than λg / 20 based on a specific frequency in the first frequency band.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: A fourth conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape based on the gap is also formed on the first dielectric substrate; The second dielectric substrate is also formed with a second ground conductive pattern and a second feed pattern; The fourth conductive pattern includes a seventh portion and an eighth portion vertically connected to the seventh portion and connected to the second feeding pattern.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, wherein: the second ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate includes a third region and a fourth region; The third region of the second ground conductive pattern and the first region of the ground conductive pattern are formed into a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap; The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern and the second region of the ground conductive pattern are formed into a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap; The second portion of the first conductive pattern is connected to the feed pattern, and the second conductive pattern is connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern; The eighth portion of the fourth conductive pattern is connected to the second feeding pattern, and the third conductive pattern is connected to the third region of the second ground conductive pattern; A first sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern is connected to the ground of the second coaxial cable, and a second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern is arranged to overlap the second coaxial cable by a predetermined region.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern are formed to a first length in a first axial direction parallel to the coaxial cable; The coaxial cable is formed to have a second length from a position where a signal line corresponding to one end portion is connected to a position corresponding to the other end portion of the coaxial cable; The second coaxial cable is formed to have the second length from a position where the signal line corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the second coaxial cable; The second length is formed to be greater than 0.5 times the first length.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 6, wherein: A second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern is formed to have a third length in the first axis direction; A second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern is formed to have the third length in the first axis direction; The third length is formed to be greater than 0.5 times the first length and smaller than the second length.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: A first sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern and a first sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern are formed to have a first width in a second axis direction perpendicular to the first axis direction; A second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern and a second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern are formed to have a second width in the second axis direction; The first width is formed to be larger than a sum of the second width and a diameter of the coaxial cable.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The coaxial cable is spaced apart from and arranged in parallel with an end portion of the second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern; The second coaxial cable is spaced apart from and arranged in parallel with an end portion of the second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The ground conductive pattern includes a second region connected to the first region and arranged on one side of the feeding pattern; The second ground conductive pattern includes a fourth region connected to the third region and arranged on the other side of the second feeding pattern; The second region of the ground conductive pattern is arranged at a lower region of the first portion of the first conductive pattern; The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern is disposed at a lower region of the seventh portion of the fourth conductive pattern.

11. The antenna assembly according to claim 10, wherein: The first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, and the second region of the ground conductive pattern operate as a first antenna in the first frequency band to a third frequency band; The third conductive pattern, the fourth conductive pattern, and the fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern operate as a second antenna in the first frequency band to the third frequency band.

12. The antenna assembly according to claim 11, wherein: The first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern operate as the first antenna in a dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band; The third conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern operate as the second antenna in a dipole antenna mode in the first frequency band; The first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern have an asymmetric structure; The third conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern have an asymmetric structure.

13. The antenna assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first conductive pattern operates as the first antenna in a monopole antenna mode in a second frequency band; The fourth conductive pattern operates as the second antenna in a monopole antenna mode in the second frequency band; The second area of ​​the ground conductive pattern operates as the first antenna in the third frequency band; The fourth area of ​​the second ground conductive pattern operates as the second antenna in the third frequency band; The second frequency band is larger than the first frequency band, and the third frequency band is larger than the second frequency band.

14. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern, and the fourth conductive pattern are formed on the first dielectric substrate in a metal mesh shape having a plurality of open areas; The first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern and the fourth conductive pattern form a radiator region; The first conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern, the third conductive pattern, and the fourth conductive pattern are coplanar waveguide structures on the first dielectric substrate.

15. The antenna assembly according to claim 14, wherein: The antenna assembly includes a plurality of virtual grid patterns at an outer portion of the radiator region on the first dielectric substrate; A plurality of the dummy grid patterns are not connected to the feed pattern and the ground conductive pattern; The plurality of dummy grid patterns are not connected to the second feeding pattern and the second ground conductive pattern; The plurality of virtual grid patterns are separated from each other.

16. A vehicle, wherein: include: a metal frame with openings formed inside; A glass panel including a transparent area and an opaque area; as well as An antenna assembly is arranged on the glass panel; The antenna assembly includes: a first dielectric substrate disposed in the transparent region of the glass panel, formed with a first conductive pattern, a second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern separated from the second conductive pattern by a gap, the third conductive pattern operating in a first frequency band using a current coupled from the second conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap; and A second dielectric substrate, disposed in the opaque region of the glass panel, comprising a ground conductive pattern and a feed pattern; The first conductive pattern includes a first portion and a second portion perpendicular to the first portion; The ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate includes a first region and a second region; The second portion of the first conductive pattern is connected to the feed pattern, and the second conductive pattern is connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern; A first sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern is connected to a ground of a coaxial cable, and a second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern is arranged to overlap with the coaxial cable by a predetermined region.

17. The vehicle according to claim 16, characterized in that The second conductive pattern includes a third portion and a fourth portion perpendicular to the third portion; The third conductive pattern includes a fifth portion and a sixth portion perpendicular to the fifth portion; An end portion of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern is formed to be spaced apart from an end portion of the third portion of the second conductive pattern by the gap; The interval of the gap formed between the end of the fifth portion of the third conductive pattern and the end of the third portion of the second conductive pattern is formed to be equal to or smaller than λg / 20 based on a specific frequency in the first frequency band.

18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein: The first dielectric substrate is further formed with a fourth conductive pattern having a symmetrical shape based on the gap; The second dielectric substrate is also formed with a second ground conductive pattern and a second feed pattern; The fourth conductive pattern includes a seventh portion and an eighth portion vertically connected to the seventh portion and connected to the second feeding pattern.

19. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein: the second ground conductive pattern of the second dielectric substrate includes a third region and a fourth region; The third region of the second ground conductive pattern and the first region of the ground conductive pattern are formed into a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap; The fourth region of the second ground conductive pattern and the second region of the ground conductive pattern are formed into a symmetrical shape with respect to the gap; The second portion of the first conductive pattern is connected to the feed pattern, and the second conductive pattern is connected to the first region of the ground conductive pattern; The eighth portion of the fourth conductive pattern is connected to the second feeding pattern, and the third conductive pattern is connected to the third region of the second ground conductive pattern; A first sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern is connected to the ground of the second coaxial cable, and a second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern is arranged to overlap the second coaxial cable by a predetermined region.

20. The vehicle of claim 10, wherein: The second conductive pattern and the third conductive pattern are formed to a first length in a first axial direction parallel to the coaxial cable; The coaxial cable is formed to have a second length from a position where a signal line corresponding to one end portion is connected to a position corresponding to the other end portion of the coaxial cable; The second coaxial cable is formed to have the second length from a position where the signal line corresponding to one end is connected to a position corresponding to the other end of the second coaxial cable; A second sub-region of the first region of the ground conductive pattern is formed to have a third length in the first axis direction; A second sub-region of the third region of the second ground conductive pattern is formed to have the third length in the first axis direction; The third length is formed to be greater than 0.5 times the first length and smaller than the second length.

Images