Method for photovoltaic management of intergrowth spartina alterniflora

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for photovoltaic management of spartina alterniflora, and relates to the technical field of ecological management, and the method comprises the following steps: selecting a partial continuous area of a spartina alterniflora coverage area to perform overground part cradling to form a to-be-managed area; a movable photovoltaic power generation array is arranged in the cut to-be-treated area, the whole to-be-treated area is covered, photosynthesis is blocked, and roots and stems are promoted to rot; after the rhizomes rot, the to-be-treated area is converted into a treatment proceeding area; continuously shading for a plurality of time periods until the spartina alterniflora is eradicated, and converting into a treated area; a new area to be treated is selected, and the grassland part of the spartina alterniflora is cut; moving the movable photovoltaic power generation array to a new to-be-treated area; and the steps S3-S6 are repeated until all the regions are governed, and the service life of the movable photovoltaic power generation array is ended. According to the method, ecological management and renewable energy power generation are combined, industrial funds can be attracted to participate in ecological management through benefits generated by photovoltaic power generation, and meanwhile the problems of high investment and environmental pollution in a traditional management method are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological governance, and in particular to a method for photovoltaic governance of Spartina intermedia. Background Art

[0002] Spartina alterniflora is a tall herb native to the temperate coasts of America. It grows in the intertidal zone. The plant is salt-tolerant and flood-resistant, and is resistant to wind and waves. Its seeds can be spread by wind and waves. Its strong salt tolerance and salt secretion function enable it to withstand long-term immersion in seawater, making it one of the terrestrial plants closest to the sea. Their stems are very hard, which can dissipate water power, reduce the speed of tidal water, and withstand waves of a certain height. At the same time, their underground rhizomes are well developed, which can promote the rapid sedimentation and siltation of silt. It is precisely this function of "breaking waves and consolidating embankments, promoting siltation and land reclamation" that has led humans to introduce it as an "engineering plant" to coastal mudflats in various places. Spartina alterniflora was introduced to my country in 1979. This year, the population of Spartina alterniflora has expanded rapidly in China, from Tangshan, Hebei in the north to Beihai, Guangxi in the south, with a total area of ​​more than 54,500 hectares.

[0003] However, since Spartina alterniflora can reproduce through rhizomes and seeds, it grows rapidly. Large-scale planting of Spartina alterniflora has changed the habitat of benthic animals, resulting in a decrease in the density of shellfish populations on mudflats, encroaching on the living space of native plants such as mangroves, and affecting the foraging and resting of migratory and wintering birds, threatening the local coastal ecosystem; at the same time, since Spartina alterniflora has occupied a large area of ​​mudflats, it has destroyed the habitat of offshore organisms, restricted the healthy development of nearshore mudflat aquaculture; blocked waterways, affecting the departure of ships; affected the exchange capacity of seawater, resulting in a decrease in water quality, and induced red tides. Spartina alterniflora has been listed in the list of the world's 100 most dangerous invasive species.

[0004] my country has been conducting a decade-long campaign against Spartina alterniflora. Relevant coastal provinces have tried a variety of control methods, including physical, chemical, biological alternatives and integrated control, and have gained some experience that can be used as a reference and promoted. At present, the main control methods are still manual and mechanical removal and herbicide eradication. However, the control effect is not good, mainly because of the huge investment, the inability of mechanical methods to eradicate, the pollution of the environment by chemical methods, and the long cycle of biological alternative methods.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a treatment method that is both economical and eco-friendly. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for photovoltaic control of Spartina intermedia, so as to solve the following technical problems existing in the prior art: the traditional control technology is an ecological control project completely led and invested by the government. Since the ecological benefits generated have a long cycle and slow effects, it is impossible to attract industrial funds to participate in the control through market channels with better economic benefits while taking into account the achievement of ecological benefits.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme: a method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, selecting some continuous areas of the area covered by Spartina alterniflora to mow the aboveground part to form an area to be managed;

[0009] S2. Deploy a movable photovoltaic power generation array in the area to be treated after mowing, covering the entire area to be treated, blocking photosynthesis and promoting root and rhizome rot;

[0010] S3. After the rhizomes rot, the treatment area is converted into the treatment area;

[0011] S4, continue shading for a certain period of time until the Spartina alterniflora is eradicated and the area is converted to a treated area;

[0012] S5, selecting a new area to be treated and mowing the aboveground part of Spartina alterniflora;

[0013] S6, moving the movable photovoltaic power generation array to a new area to be treated;

[0014] S7. Repeat steps S3-S6 until all areas are treated and the life of the movable photovoltaic power generation array ends.

[0015] The above technical scheme discloses a method for treating Spartina alterniflora by photovoltaics, combines ecological management and renewable energy generation, and provides an efficient, economical and environmentally friendly Spartina alterniflora management scheme. By managing Spartina alterniflora, the density of tidal flat shellfish populations can be restored, the living space of native plants such as mangroves can be protected, and the foraging and resting environment of migratory and wintering birds can be improved. Compared with traditional chemical management methods, the present invention avoids chemical pollution and is a more environmentally friendly management method.

[0016] In some optional implementations of the present invention, in step S4, the treatment is performed by continuous shading for 3-5 years. Through continuous shading for 3-5 years, Spartina alterniflora can be effectively eradicated and prevented from spreading through seed propagation and rhizome propagation, thereby protecting the native coastal ecosystem.

[0017] In some optional implementations of the present invention, the aboveground part of S. alterniflora is mowed 15-20 days before the flowering period of S. alterniflora. By mowing before the flowering period of S. alterniflora, the maturation and spread of seeds can be effectively prevented, thereby improving the efficiency of management.

[0018] In some optional implementations of the present invention, the movable photovoltaic power generation array includes a plurality of rows of photovoltaic arrays, and each row of photovoltaic arrays includes a group of photovoltaic brackets and a plurality of photovoltaic components mounted on the photovoltaic brackets.

[0019] In some optional implementations of the present invention, reeds or other local plants are planted between the light-leaking rows between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays.

[0020] In some optional implementations of the present invention, a shading net is covered between light-leaking rows between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays.

[0021] In some optional implementations of the present invention, the movable photovoltaic power generation array is connected to a box-type transformer via cable one, and the box-type transformer is connected to a fixed booster station via cable two.

[0022] In some optional implementations of the present invention, the cable 1, the cable 2 and the box-type transformer are all movable.

[0023] In some optional implementations of the present invention, the fixed booster station is located in the center of the Spartina alterniflora covered area.

[0024] In some optional implementations of the present invention, the photovoltaic module is a single-sided light-transmitting crystalline silicon solar cell module, and its backplane is a TPT backplane.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least discloses the following technical effects:

[0026] The present invention provides an economical and eco-friendly treatment method. By deploying a movable photovoltaic power generation array in the area covered by Spartina alterniflora, the dual benefits of ecological treatment and solar power generation are achieved. This method can not only effectively treat Spartina alterniflora, but also generate economic benefits through photovoltaic power generation, attracting industrial funds to participate in ecological treatment, while avoiding the high investment and environmental pollution problems in traditional treatment methods.

[0027] The design of the mobile photovoltaic array allows it to be moved to a new area to be treated as needed while treating Spartina alterniflora, which improves the efficiency of the equipment and the flexibility of treatment. By providing continuous shading for a period of time (such as 3-5 years), Spartina alterniflora can be effectively eradicated and prevented from spreading through seed and rhizome propagation, thereby protecting the native coastal ecosystem. After treatment is completed, the mobile photovoltaic array can be moved to a new location, returning the treated land to society for other purposes, such as agriculture, fisheries or ecotourism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a local distribution diagram of the movable photovoltaic power generation array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. Area covered by Spartina alterniflora; 11. Treated area; 12. Treatment in progress area; 13. Area to be treated; 2. Movable photovoltaic array; 21. Photovoltaic module; 22. Shading net; 3. Box transformer; 4. Fixed booster station; 5. Cable 1; 6. Cable 2; 7. Moving direction of the area covered by the movable photovoltaic array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In view of the poor control effect of Spartina alterniflora, the prior art has proposed a variety of control methods, such as:

[0034] The patent application with publication number CN112514713A discloses a method for comprehensive management of Spartina alterniflora by mowing and plowing, wherein the above-ground plants of Spartina alterniflora are mowed from the flowering stage to the early stage of booting, so that it cannot produce mature seeds, thereby preventing Spartina alterniflora from sexual reproduction and long-distance diffusion through seeds; in winter, the Spartina alterniflora that sprouts again after mowing is plowed and the roots are crushed, destroying the rhizomes of Spartina alterniflora in the dormant stage, so that the rhizomes cannot be asexually propagated in the second year. However, the patent method has a large engineering investment for mechanical eradication of Spartina alterniflora, a small economic benefit, and poor operability.

[0035] The invention patent with publication number CN116250439B discloses a method for systematic management of Spartina alterniflora, which organically combines excavation, site treatment and biological substitution, promotes and coordinates each other to achieve the purpose of comprehensive prevention and control of Spartina alterniflora, mainly including the use of water calathea or windmill grass, Avicennia marina, and Acanthus sinensis to construct a multi-layer biological community in the management area, and effectively inhibits the regeneration or secondary invasion of Spartina alterniflora through interspecific allelopathic effects. This patented technical solution has the problems of large engineering investment, long management cycle, small economic benefits and poor practicality.

[0036] The utility model patent with publication number CN210432712U discloses a device for ecological management of Spartina alterniflora, including a shade net, a black PE plastic sheet, iron wire and bamboo, wherein the bamboo is provided with a bottom layer and a top layer, a bamboo column is provided between the bottom layer and the top layer, the bamboo is fixed with iron wire, and a double-layer shade net and a black PE plastic sheet are installed between the bottom layer and the top layer. The scheme adopts an overall covering method to prevent Spartina alterniflora from photosynthesis, thereby achieving an eradication effect, and the eradication effect has obvious advantages over the aforementioned two patents, but the overall covering workload of the technical scheme is huge and the economic benefits are small; recycling the mesh shade cover will produce solid waste, causing secondary pollution to the ecological environment.

[0037] The above-mentioned technical methods for the control of Spartina alterniflora all have some technical and economic deficiencies. In terms of technology, the above-ground part is mechanically removed by mowing and other methods from the flowering stage to the early stage of heading, so that it cannot produce mature seeds, thus preventing Spartina alterniflora from sexually reproducing and spreading over long distances through seeds; the underground part uses flooding and shading to prevent respiration and photosynthesis to prevent asexual reproduction; there is also the use of tillage to eliminate rhizomes. There is a general situation of large initial investment and lack of long-term management after surprise control. In terms of economy, whether it is to improve the utilization value of Spartina alterniflora straw or to introduce seafood farming, there is only ecological and social benefits, but lack of economic benefits, and it is impossible to attract industrial funds to participate in ecological management. Therefore, there are also insufficient investment channels for long-term management in the later stage.

[0038] To this end, the present invention intends to propose a management method that is both economical and eco-friendly, attracting industrial funds to participate in ecological management through good economic benefits, and returning the managed land to society through technical means.

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1, selecting a part of continuous area in the Spartina alterniflora covered area 1, mowing the aboveground part of the Spartina alterniflora in the continuous area to form an area to be treated 13;

[0042] S2, the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 is arranged as a whole on the area to be treated 13 after mowing, so that the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 covers the area to be treated 13 as a whole, and the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 blocks the photosynthesis of the Spartina alterniflora in the area to be treated 13, so that the underground rhizomes of the Spartina alterniflora gradually rot and lose the asexual reproduction ability;

[0043] S3, after the underground rhizomes of the to-be-treated area 13 below the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 rot and lose their asexual reproduction ability, the to-be-treated area 13 is converted into the treatment area 12;

[0044] S4, the management area 12 is continuously shaded for several time periods, so that the Spartina alterniflora in the management area 12 is eradicated, and the management area 12 is converted into the managed area 11;

[0045] S5, selecting a new area to be treated 13 adjacent to the treated area 11, and mowing the aboveground part of the Spartina alterniflora in the new area to be treated 13;

[0046] S6, moving the entire movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 to the new area to be treated 13 where mowing has been completed, so that the entire movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 covers the new area to be treated 13, and the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 blocks the photosynthesis of the Spartina alterniflora in the new area to be treated 13, so that the underground rhizomes of the Spartina alterniflora gradually rot and lose the asexual reproduction ability;

[0047] S7. Repeat steps S3-S6 until all the Spartina alterniflora covered areas 1 are treated and the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 reaches its expected lifespan.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the total area of ​​the region that can be treated is calculated based on the expected life of the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 and the coverage area of ​​the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 to determine the scope of the Spartina alterniflora coverage area 1 that needs to be treated.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, in step S4, the treated area 12 is shaded continuously for 3-5 years.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the aboveground part of S. alterniflora should be mowed 15-20 days before the flowering period of S. alterniflora. Mowing during this period can prevent the formation of mature seeds of S. alterniflora and cut off its sexual reproduction pathway.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, reeds or other local plants can be planted between the light-leaking rows formed by the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 to occupy the space of Spartina alterniflora, inhibit the production trend of Spartina alterniflora, and form a new tidal flat green belt.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules 21 arranged in an array. For example, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 21 in the same row are fixed on the same set of photovoltaic brackets. Such a row of photovoltaic arrays is provided with multiple rows.

[0053] It should be understood that in practical applications, the photovoltaic module 21 uses a single-sided transparent crystalline silicon solar cell module, and its backplane is an opaque backplane such as PVF, PVDF, modified PET, TPT, etc.

[0054] In some optional embodiments, in order to increase the hydrolysis resistance of the photovoltaic tissue, a TPT backboard can be used. The backboard is composed of a three-layer film of PVF-PET-PVF, has good weather resistance, excellent mechanical properties, ductility, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, and airtightness, and exhibits good stability and resistance to high temperature and high humidity environments in hot and humid environments.

[0055] In some optional embodiments, each row of photovoltaic arrays can be arranged horizontally, that is, each photovoltaic component 21 is horizontally installed on the photovoltaic bracket, so that no gap is set between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays, thereby ensuring the overall shading property of the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, each row of photovoltaic arrays is tilted at a certain angle so that the photovoltaic components 21 can face the sunlight to obtain the optimal illumination and ensure the power generation of the photovoltaic array. However, such an arrangement will inevitably form a light leakage gap between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays, such as Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure the overall shading of the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2, a shading net 22 is set between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays to reduce the light passing through the gap. The shading net 22 can be made of agricultural sunshade materials, such as polyethylene (HDPE), high-density polyethylene, PE, PB, PVC and other materials, and has the characteristics of strong tensile strength, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, wind resistance, etc. after UV stabilizer and anti-oxidation treatment, and can be replaced every time the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 is moved.

[0057] It should be understood that in actual application, the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 is connected to the box-type transformer 3 through cable 1, and the box-type transformer 3 is connected to the fixed booster station 4 through cable 2, and then connected to the grid through cables.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, the fixed booster station 4 is set at the central position of the Spartina alterniflora covered area 1, so that the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 can move with the fixed booster station 4 as the center point when moving. For example, it can move along Figure 1 The movable photovoltaic array covers an area and moves in a moving direction 7.

[0059] In some optional embodiments, in order to expand the moving range of the movable photovoltaic power generation array 2 and extend the operating time, correspondingly, cable 1 is a movable photovoltaic cable, cable 2 is a movable collector cable, and the box transformer 3 is also movable.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the mobile photovoltaic power generation array 2 is movable, so that after several years of treatment, the treated land can be returned to the society. And it can be moved to a new location during the photovoltaic life cycle, on the one hand, to continue to treat the flower grass, and on the other hand, to obtain investment returns through continuous power generation.

[0061] The details not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic method for treating Spartina intermedia, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, selecting a part of the continuous area of ​​the area covered by Spartina alterniflora (1) to mow the aboveground part to form an area to be treated (13); S2, deploying a movable photovoltaic power generation array (2) in the area to be treated (13) after mowing, covering the entire area to be treated (13), blocking photosynthesis, and promoting root and rhizome rot; S3, after the rhizomes rot, the treatment area (13) is converted into the treatment area (12); S4, continue shading for a certain period of time until the Spartina alterniflora is eradicated and the area is converted to a treated area (11); S5, selecting a new area to be treated (13), and mowing the aboveground part of the Spartina alterniflora; S6, moving the movable photovoltaic power generation array (2) to a new area to be treated (13); S7, repeating steps S3-S6 until all areas are treated and the life of the movable photovoltaic power generation array (2) ends.

2. The method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the treated area (12) is shaded continuously for 3-5 years.

3. The method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The above-ground part of Spartina alterniflora is mowed 15-20 days before its flowering period.

4. The method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable photovoltaic power generation array (2) comprises a plurality of rows of photovoltaic arrays, each row of photovoltaic arrays comprising a group of photovoltaic brackets and a plurality of photovoltaic components (21) mounted on the photovoltaic brackets.

5. The method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia according to claim 4, characterized in that: Reeds or other local plants are planted between the light-leaking rows between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays.

6. The method for photovoltaic treatment of Spartina intermedia according to claim 4, characterized in that: The light-leaking rows between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays are covered with a shading net (22).

7. The photovoltaic treatment method for Spartina intermedia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable photovoltaic power generation array (2) is connected to a box-type transformer (3) via cable 1, and the box-type transformer (3) is connected to a fixed booster station (4) via cable 2.

8. The photovoltaic treatment method for Spartina intermedia according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cable 1, the cable 2 and the box-type transformer (3) are all movable.

9. The photovoltaic treatment method for Spartina intermedia according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed booster station (4) is located in the center of the Spartina alterniflora covered area (1).

10. The photovoltaic treatment method for Spartina intermedia according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module (21) is a single-sided light-transmissive crystalline silicon solar cell module, and its backplane is a TPT backplane.

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