Vehicle and high-voltage loop protection system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle and a high-voltage loop protection system and method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electric vehicles. The vehicle comprises a vehicle control unit, and the vehicle high-voltage loop protection system comprises at least one first protection loop. The first protection loop comprises a current sensor and an active excitation fuse; the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the current sensor and the active excitation fuse and used for obtaining an actual current signal, detected by the current sensor, of the first protection loop and controlling the working state of the active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal and a preset current signal. According to the technical scheme, the current sensor and the active excitation fuse are arranged in the first protection loop, and the vehicle control unit controls the working state of the active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal detected by the current sensor; the safety risk of a high-voltage loop under the overcurrent or short circuit condition is reduced, and therefore the safety of a vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a vehicle and a high-voltage circuit protection system and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the new energy commercial vehicle market has an increasing demand for faster charging speeds and longer driving range, improving vehicle charging efficiency, power performance and reducing power loss have become the key to the development of the industry. In order to meet these needs, improving the level of the vehicle voltage platform has become a trend of future development. However, with the increase in the voltage of the electrical system, the high-voltage safety of the electrical system has become more important. It is necessary to more effectively prevent safety accidents that may be caused by the high-voltage system, such as short circuits, overloads, arcing, ablation and even fires caused by overcurrent, to ensure personnel safety and prevent electrical failures.

[0003] In the prior art, high-voltage electrical circuits mainly rely on relays and fuses for safety protection. These devices will cut off the circuit when abnormal conditions are detected to avoid further damage or safety problems. However, relying solely on the control of relays and fuses still has certain limitations and cannot completely avoid major safety accidents in all situations. For example, when the current in the circuit is greater than the disconnecting current of the relay but less than the minimum melting current of the fuse, the relay may stick and cannot be disconnected, and the fuse has not yet reached the melting condition, which may cause safety accidents such as short circuit, ablation and even fire in the electrical system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a vehicle and a high-voltage circuit protection system and method thereof, so as to reduce the safety risk of the high-voltage circuit in the case of overcurrent or short circuit, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system, the vehicle comprising a vehicle controller, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system comprising at least one first protection circuit;

[0006] The first protection circuit includes a current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the first protection circuit;

[0007] The vehicle controller is electrically connected to the current sensor and the active excitation fuse respectively, and is used to obtain the actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor, and control the working state of the active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal.

[0008] Optionally, the first protection circuit includes at least one of a battery high-voltage input circuit, a DC charging circuit, and a motor high-voltage circuit;

[0009] The battery high voltage input circuit includes a first current sensor and a first active excitation fuse;

[0010] The DC charging circuit includes a second current sensor and a second active excitation fuse;

[0011] The motor high-voltage circuit includes a third current sensor and a third active excitation fuse;

[0012] The vehicle controller is electrically connected to the first current sensor, the first active excitation fuse, the second current sensor, the second active excitation fuse, the third current sensor and the third active excitation fuse, respectively, and is used to control the working state of the first active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal detected by the first current sensor and the first preset current signal, control the working state of the second active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal detected by the second current sensor and the second preset current signal, and control the working state of the third active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal detected by the third current sensor and the third preset current signal.

[0013] Optionally, at least two of the first preset current signal, the second preset current signal and the third preset current signal are different.

[0014] Optionally, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system further includes a collision detection sensor;

[0015] The vehicle controller is also electrically connected to the collision detection sensor, and is used to control the active excitation fuse to disconnect when a vehicle collision signal detected by the collision detection sensor is acquired.

[0016] Optionally, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system further includes at least one second protection circuit;

[0017] The operating current value of the second protection circuit is smaller than the operating current value of the first protection circuit;

[0018] The second protection circuit includes a thermal fuse connected in series in the second protection circuit.

[0019] Optionally, the second protection circuit includes a high-voltage accessory circuit and / or a thermal management high-voltage circuit;

[0020] The high voltage accessory circuit includes a first thermal cutout fuse;

[0021] The thermal management high voltage circuit includes a second thermal cutoff fuse.

[0022] Optionally, the first protection circuit further includes a relay;

[0023] The relay is arranged in a circuit between the first protection circuit and the negative electrode terminal, and / or in a circuit between the first protection circuit and the positive electrode terminal.

[0024] A second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method, the vehicle includes a vehicle controller, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes at least one first protection circuit, the first protection circuit includes a current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the first protection circuit;

[0025] The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method comprises:

[0026] Acquiring an actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor;

[0027] The working state of the active excitation fuse is controlled according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal.

[0028] Optionally, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system further includes a collision detection sensor;

[0029] The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method further includes:

[0030] Acquiring a vehicle collision signal detected by the collision detection sensor;

[0031] The active excitation fuse is controlled to disconnect according to the vehicle collision signal.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising: a vehicle frame, a vehicle controller disposed in the vehicle frame, and the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system as described above;

[0033] The vehicle controller is used to execute the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method as described above.

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is to set a current sensor and an active excitation fuse in series in at least one first protection circuit included in the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system, and to electrically connect the vehicle controller to the current sensor and the active excitation fuse respectively, so that the vehicle controller can independently monitor the current state of each first protection circuit. The vehicle controller obtains the actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor and compares it with the preset current, so as to accurately determine whether there is an overcurrent or short circuit in the first protection circuit. When the vehicle controller determines that the actual current signal of the first protection circuit is greater than or equal to the preset current, indicating that the current value in the first protection circuit is too large and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, the active excitation fuse can be controlled to disconnect in time to cut off the first protection circuit, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment in the first protection circuit, ensuring the safe operation of the first protection circuit, and reducing the safety risk of the high-voltage circuit in the case of overcurrent or short circuit, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0035] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle includes a vehicle controller 00, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes at least one first protection circuit 01; the first protection circuit 01 includes a current sensor 1 and an active excitation fuse 2 connected in series in the first protection circuit 01; the vehicle controller 00 is electrically connected to the current sensor 1 and the active excitation fuse 2, respectively, for obtaining the actual current signal of the first protection circuit 01 detected by the current sensor 1, and controlling the working state of the active excitation fuse 2 according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal.

[0044] Among them, the vehicle controller 00 can be specifically understood as a vehicle electronic control unit, which is used to monitor and manage various electrical systems and functions of the vehicle. The first protection circuit 01 can be specifically understood as a circuit with a large current in the vehicle's high-voltage circuit protection system. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve accurate monitoring and rapid response to the first protection circuit 01 by relying solely on relays and thermal fuses. When the current in the first protection circuit 01 is greater than the relay's breaking current but less than the minimum melting current of the thermal fuse, the relay may be stuck and unable to disconnect, and the thermal fuse has not yet reached the melting condition, which will cause short circuits in the electrical system, ablation, and even fires and other safety accidents. The current sensor 1 can be specifically understood as a sensor device for measuring the current size in the first protection circuit 01, which can accurately detect current changes in the first protection circuit 01 and transmit these current data to the vehicle controller 00 for further processing and analysis. The active excitation fuse 2 can be specifically understood as a fuse with an automatically triggered protection mechanism. Unlike a thermal fuse, which cuts off the circuit by causing the fuse element to melt due to heat when the current in the loop exceeds the rated value, the active excitation fuse 2 can quickly cut off the circuit when an overcurrent or short circuit occurs in the first protection circuit 01 according to the enable signal sent by the vehicle controller 00, so as to prevent equipment damage or accidents.

[0045] It is understandable that the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system may include a first protection circuit 01, or may include multiple first protection circuits. In the case where the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes multiple first protection circuits, the multiple first protection circuits are connected in parallel with each other, and each first protection circuit includes an independent current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the circuit, so that the vehicle controller 00 can independently monitor the current state of each first protection circuit. Specifically, taking the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system including a first protection circuit 01 as an example for explanation, the vehicle controller 00 is electrically connected to the current sensor 1 and the active excitation fuse 2 respectively, and the vehicle controller 01 can obtain the actual current signal of the first protection circuit 01 detected by the current sensor 1, and compare it with the preset current to monitor the current state of the first protection circuit 01 in real time. By comparing the actual current signal with the preset current, the vehicle controller 00 can accurately determine whether there is an overcurrent or short circuit in the first protection circuit 01, thereby controlling the working state of the active excitation fuse 2. When the vehicle controller 00 determines that the actual current signal of the first protection circuit 01 is greater than or equal to the preset current, indicating that the current in the first protection circuit 01 is too large and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, the active excitation fuse 2 can be controlled to disconnect in time to cut off the first protection circuit 01, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment in the first protection circuit 01, ensuring the safe operation of the first protection circuit 01, and improving the safety of the entire vehicle.

[0046] In this embodiment, a current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in at least one first protection circuit included in the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system are set, and the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the current sensor and the active excitation fuse respectively, so that the vehicle controller can independently monitor the current state of each first protection circuit. The vehicle controller can accurately determine whether there is an overcurrent or short circuit in the first protection circuit by obtaining the actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor and comparing it with the preset current. When the vehicle controller determines that the actual current signal of the first protection circuit is greater than or equal to the preset current, indicating that the current value in the first protection circuit is too large and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, the active excitation fuse can be controlled to disconnect in time to cut off the first protection circuit, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment in the first protection circuit, ensuring the safe operation of the first protection circuit, and reducing the safety risk of the high-voltage circuit in the case of overcurrent or short circuit, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0047] Optional, Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of another vehicle high voltage circuit protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the first protection circuit 01 includes at least one of a battery high-voltage input circuit 011, a DC charging circuit 012 and a motor high-voltage circuit 013; the battery high-voltage input circuit 011 includes a first current sensor 11 and a first active excitation fuse 21; the DC charging circuit 012 includes a second current sensor 12 and a second active excitation fuse 22; the motor high-voltage circuit 013 includes a third current sensor 13 and a third active excitation fuse 23; the vehicle controller 00 is electrically connected to the first current sensor 11, the first active excitation fuse 21, the second current sensor 12, the second active excitation fuse 22, the third current sensor 13 and the third active excitation fuse 23 respectively, and is used to control the working state of the first active excitation fuse 21 according to the actual current signal detected by the first current sensor 11 and the first preset current signal, control the working state of the second active excitation fuse 22 according to the actual current signal detected by the second current sensor 12 and the second preset current signal, and control the working state of the third active excitation fuse 23 according to the actual current signal detected by the third current sensor 13 and the third preset current signal.

[0048] Specifically, the first protection circuit 01 includes at least one of a battery high-voltage input circuit 011, a DC charging circuit 012, and a motor high-voltage circuit 013. Among them, the battery high-voltage input circuit 011 can be specifically understood as a circuit connected to the vehicle's high-voltage battery system, which is used to transmit the DC power stored in the battery to the vehicle's electrical system, so as to transfer the energy stored in the battery to the vehicle's motor and various electrical equipment to provide power for the vehicle. The DC charging circuit 012 can be specifically understood as a circuit connecting an external charging device and the vehicle's high-voltage battery system, which is used to convert the power provided by an external power source into DC power and input it into the high-voltage battery system to ensure the charging state of the high-voltage battery system. The motor high-voltage circuit 013 can be specifically understood as a circuit that transfers the power of the high-voltage battery system to the vehicle's drive motor, which is used to convert the power into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle to move. It is understandable that the currents in the battery high-voltage input circuit 011, the DC charging circuit 012 and the motor high-voltage circuit 013 are relatively large, and overcurrent and short circuit are prone to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to set current sensors and active excitation fuses in the battery high-voltage input circuit 011, the DC charging circuit 012 and the motor high-voltage circuit 013 respectively to ensure the safety of the large current circuits in the vehicle.

[0049] Continue to refer Figure 2, the first protection circuit 01 includes a battery high voltage input circuit 011, a DC charging circuit 012 and a motor high voltage circuit 013. Specifically, the vehicle controller 00 is electrically connected to the first current sensor 11 and the first active excitation fuse 21 connected in series in the battery high voltage input circuit 011, the second current sensor 12 and the second active excitation fuse 22 connected in series in the DC charging circuit 012, and the third current sensor 13 and the third active excitation fuse 23 connected in series in the motor high voltage circuit 013. The vehicle controller 00 can obtain the actual current signal of the battery high voltage input circuit 011 detected by the first current sensor 11, and compare it with the first preset current signal. When the vehicle controller 00 determines that the actual current signal of the battery high voltage input circuit 011 is greater than or equal to the first preset current signal, indicating that the current in the battery high voltage input circuit 011 is too large, and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, it can timely control the first active excitation fuse 21 to disconnect to cut off the battery high voltage input circuit 011. The vehicle controller 00 can also obtain the actual current signal of the DC charging circuit 012 detected by the second current sensor 12, and compare it with the second preset current signal. When the vehicle controller 00 determines that the actual current signal of the DC charging circuit 012 is greater than or equal to the second preset current signal, indicating that the current in the battery DC charging circuit 012 is too large, and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, the second active excitation fuse 22 can be promptly controlled to disconnect to cut off the DC charging circuit 012. The vehicle controller 00 can also obtain the actual current signal of the motor high-voltage circuit 013 detected by the third current sensor 13, and compare it with the third preset current signal. When the vehicle controller 00 determines that the actual current signal of the motor high-voltage circuit 013 is greater than or equal to the third preset current signal, indicating that the current in the motor high-voltage circuit 013 is too large, and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, the third active excitation fuse 23 can be promptly controlled to disconnect to cut off the motor high-voltage circuit 013. The vehicle controller obtains the actual current signal detected by each current sensor connected in series in the battery high-voltage input circuit, DC charging circuit and motor high-voltage circuit, and compares it with the first preset current signal, the second preset current signal and the third preset current signal respectively, so as to achieve real-time monitoring and protection of the battery high-voltage input circuit, the DC charging circuit and the motor high-voltage circuit. At the same time, the vehicle controller can achieve independent protection of each first protection circuit by controlling the first active excitation fuse, the second active excitation fuse and the third active excitation fuse in the battery high-voltage input circuit, the DC charging circuit and the motor high-voltage circuit respectively. When a problem occurs in one of the multiple first protection circuits, only the problem circuit needs to be cut off without affecting the normal operation of other first protection circuits, thereby reducing the risk of overall damage to the vehicle's high-voltage circuit system and improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0050] Optionally, among the first preset current signal, the second preset current signal and the third preset current signal, at least two preset current signals are different.

[0051] Specifically, there are differences in the loads of the battery high voltage input circuit 011, the DC charging circuit 012, and the motor high voltage circuit 013, so that the threshold currents of the battery high voltage input circuit 011, the DC charging circuit 012, and the motor high voltage circuit 013 when there is an overcurrent or short circuit are also different. Therefore, different preset current signals can be set for each first protection circuit to adapt to the respective working conditions and requirements of each first protection circuit. That is, among the first preset current signal, the second preset current signal, and the third preset current signal, at least two preset current signals are different. For example, according to the different load conditions of the battery high voltage input circuit 011, the DC charging circuit 012, and the motor high voltage circuit 013, the first preset current signal can be set to A1, the second preset current signal to A2, and the third preset current signal to A3. A1, A2, and A3 can be set according to actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit their specific values. When the actual current signal of the battery high-voltage input circuit 011 detected by the first current sensor 11 is greater than or equal to A1, the vehicle controller 00 can promptly control the first active excitation fuse 21 to disconnect to cut off the battery high-voltage input circuit 011. When the actual current signal of the DC charging circuit 012 detected by the second current sensor 12 is greater than or equal to A2, the vehicle controller 00 can promptly control the second active excitation fuse 22 to disconnect to cut off the DC charging circuit 012. When the actual current signal of the motor high-voltage circuit 013 detected by the third current sensor 13 is greater than or equal to A3, the vehicle controller 00 can promptly control the third active excitation fuse 23 to disconnect to cut off the motor high-voltage circuit 013. By setting a different preset current signal for each first protection circuit according to the load level of each first protection circuit, the vehicle controller can judge the working conditions of different first protection circuits according to different judgment criteria, so as to accurately control the working status of each active excitation fuse connected in series in different first protection circuits according to the different working conditions of different first protection circuits, and promptly cut off the first protection circuit that may have overcurrent or short circuit problems. The personalized setting of the preset current signal improves the flexibility and intelligence of the vehicle's high-voltage circuit protection system, and enhances the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0052] Optional, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of another vehicle high voltage circuit protection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system also includes a collision detection sensor 3; the vehicle controller 00 is also electrically connected to the collision detection sensor 3, and is used to control the active excitation fuse 2 to disconnect when a vehicle collision signal detected by the collision detection sensor 3 is obtained.

[0053] Among them, the collision detection sensor 3 may include a vehicle acceleration sensor for monitoring the sharp change of vehicle acceleration to determine whether the vehicle has collided. It can be understood that the changes in vehicle acceleration caused by emergency braking and collision are different in direction. In the case of emergency braking, deceleration mainly occurs along the vehicle's forward direction (longitudinal), while when the vehicle collides, it may be accompanied by changes in acceleration in the lateral or vertical direction. At the same time, the changes in acceleration caused by emergency braking and collision are also different in speed and amplitude. The deceleration process of emergency braking is usually gradually increased, and the peak value of acceleration is relatively low, while the acceleration change caused by vehicle collision is more sudden, with a higher peak value of acceleration and a shorter duration. Therefore, the vehicle acceleration sensor can distinguish whether the vehicle has an emergency braking or collision event by monitoring the parameters such as the direction, speed, amplitude and duration of the vehicle acceleration change. Specifically, the vehicle controller 00 is electrically connected to the collision detection sensor 3. When the collision sensor 3 detects a vehicle collision signal, it will immediately respond and control the active excitation fuse 2 to disconnect to cut off the first protection circuit 01, protect the vehicle high-voltage circuit system from further damage, improve the safety and stability of the vehicle high-voltage circuit system in unexpected situations, and provide more comprehensive protection for passengers and vehicles.

[0054] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system also includes at least one second protection circuit 02; the operating current value of the second protection circuit 02 is less than the operating current value of the first protection circuit 01; the second protection circuit 02 includes a thermal fuse 4 connected in series in the second protection circuit 02.

[0055] Specifically, in the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system, in addition to at least one first protection circuit 01, at least one second protection circuit 02 is also included, and the second protection circuit 02 is connected in parallel with the first protection circuit 01, wherein the thermal-melt fuse 4 can be specifically understood as a thermal-melt circuit protection element, and its working principle is based on the thermal expansion effect. When the current in the circuit exceeds the set value, the current passes through the fuse to generate heat, causing the fuse to melt and disconnect the circuit to prevent the dangerous situation caused by the current overload. It can be understood that the working current value of the second protection circuit 02 is less than the working current value of the first protection circuit 01, that is, the second protection circuit 02 can be specifically understood as a circuit with a smaller current in the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system, and the threshold current of the second protection circuit 02 when there is an overcurrent or short circuit is also small. By reasonably setting the fusing current value of the thermal-melt fuse 4, the protection requirements for the second protection circuit 02 can be achieved without complex electronic components or control systems. By setting a thermal-melt fuse in the second protection circuit, multiple protection layers are provided for the vehicle high-voltage circuit system in a simple and effective manner, thereby improving the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0056] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 2 The second protection circuit includes a high-voltage accessory circuit 021 and / or a thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 ; the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 includes a first thermal-cut fuse 41 ; and the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 includes a second thermal-cut fuse 42 .

[0057] Specifically, the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 can be understood as a circuit connected to the high-voltage auxiliary equipment of the vehicle, which is used to provide high-voltage electrical energy to the high-voltage auxiliary equipment of the vehicle to ensure the normal operation of these high-voltage auxiliary equipment, wherein the high-voltage auxiliary equipment may include an oil pump and an electric air compressor, etc. The thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 can be understood as a circuit connected to the thermal management system of the vehicle, which is used to manage the heat of the vehicle and ensure the normal operating temperature of various components of the vehicle. Specifically, the thermal management system of the vehicle may include a high-voltage fan, an air conditioning compressor, and a high-voltage water pump, etc. Specifically, the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 and the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 are connected in parallel with each other. The high-voltage accessory circuit 021 is protected by the first thermal-melt fuse 41. When the current value in the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 exceeds the set value of the first thermal-melt fuse 41, the thermal fuse will melt, thereby cutting off the high-voltage accessory circuit 021, avoiding the dangerous situation caused by overload or short circuit in the high-voltage accessory circuit 021. The thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 is protected by the second thermal-melt fuse 42. When the current value in the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 exceeds the set value of the second thermal-melt fuse 42, the thermal fuse will melt, thereby cutting off the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022, avoiding the dangerous situation caused by overload or short circuit in the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022, and ensuring the safe operation of the thermal management system. By setting the thermal-melt fuse, the high-voltage accessory circuit and the thermal management high-voltage circuit are protected from the influence of circuit failure, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0058] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 The first protection circuit 01 further includes a relay 5; the relay 5 is arranged in the circuit between the first protection circuit 01 and the negative electrode terminal, and / or, is arranged in the circuit between the first protection circuit 01 and the positive electrode terminal.

[0059] Among them, the relay 5 can be specifically understood as an electrical control device, which is usually composed of an electromagnetic coil, an iron core, a movable contact and a fixed contact. When the current in the first protection circuit 01 exceeds the maximum working current of the relay 5, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil becomes weak, resulting in the weakening of the magnetic force of the iron core, thereby causing the fixed contact to open, so as to cut off the first protection circuit 01, and prevent the overload from causing damage to the equipment in the first protection circuit 01 or causing danger. Specifically, the relay 5 can be set in the circuit between the first protection circuit 01 and the negative terminal. When the current in the negative circuit in the first protection circuit 01 exceeds the maximum working current of the relay 5, the relay 5 can detect the overload in time and cut off the first protection circuit 01. The relay 5 can also be set in the circuit between the first protection circuit 01 and the positive terminal. When the current in the positive circuit in the first protection circuit 01 exceeds the maximum working current of the relay 5, the relay 5 can detect the overload in time and cut off the first protection circuit 01. By respectively arranging relays in the loop between the first protection loop and the negative terminal and the positive terminal, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system can comprehensively monitor the current situation of the first protection loop. It can be understood that when the current in the first protection loop is small, the on-off state of the first protection loop can be controlled by the relay to achieve simple protection of the first protection circuit. When the current in the first protection loop is large, the relay will stick and cannot effectively cut off the first protection loop. At this time, it is necessary to detect the actual current signal of the first protection loop through a current sensor, and control the working state of the active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal through the vehicle controller to achieve comprehensive overload and short-circuit protection for the first protection loop to ensure the stable operation of the vehicle's high-voltage circuit. The coordination between the relay, the active excitation fuse and the current sensor can achieve more effective vehicle high-voltage circuit protection, thereby improving the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0060] In another optional embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 2A first relay 51 is provided in the circuit between the battery high voltage input circuit 011 and the negative terminal. When the current in the battery high voltage input circuit 011 is small, the on / off state of the battery high voltage input circuit 011 can be controlled by the first relay 51. A second relay 52 is provided in the circuit between the DC charging circuit 012 and the negative terminal, and a third relay 53 is provided in the circuit between the DC charging circuit 012 and the positive terminal, so as to realize comprehensive overload and short circuit protection for the DC charging circuit 012. A fourth relay 54 and a first pre-charging circuit 61 are provided in the circuit between the motor high-voltage circuit 013 and the positive terminal. The first pre-charging circuit 61 is electrically connected to the fourth relay 54 in parallel. The first pre-charging circuit 61 includes a fifth relay 55 and a first resistor 71. When the current in the motor high-voltage circuit 013 is small, the on-off state of the motor high-voltage circuit 013 can be controlled by the fourth relay 54. The first pre-charging circuit 61 can pre-charge the motor high-voltage circuit 013 before the motor high-voltage circuit 013 is powered on through the fifth relay 55 and the first resistor 71, that is, gradually increase the voltage in the motor high-voltage circuit 013, reduce the current impact, and avoid excessive current when suddenly powered on, causing damage to the equipment or damage to the relay. By providing relays and / or pre-charging circuits in the battery high-voltage input circuit, the DC charging circuit, and the motor high-voltage circuit, more effective vehicle high-voltage circuit protection is achieved, and the safety and stability of the vehicle are improved.

[0061] In another optional embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 2A sixth relay 56 and a second pre-charging circuit 62 are provided in the circuit between the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 and the positive terminal. The second pre-charging circuit 62 is electrically connected to the sixth relay 56 in parallel. The second pre-charging circuit 62 includes a seventh relay 57 and a second resistor 72. When the current in the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 is small, the on / off state of the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 can be controlled by the sixth relay 56. The first pre-charging circuit 61 can pre-charge the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 before the high-voltage accessory circuit 021 is powered on, so as to reduce the current shock and avoid damage to the equipment or the relay due to excessive current when the power is suddenly turned on. An eighth relay 58 and a third pre-charging circuit 63 are provided in the circuit between the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 and the positive terminal. The third pre-charging circuit 63 is electrically connected to the eighth relay 58 in parallel. The third pre-charging circuit 63 includes a ninth relay 59 and a third resistor 73. When the current in the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 is small, the on-off state of the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 can be controlled by the eighth relay 58. The third pre-charging circuit 63 can pre-charge the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 before the thermal management high-voltage circuit 022 is powered on, reducing the current shock and avoiding damage to the equipment or the relay due to excessive current when the power is suddenly turned on. By providing relays and pre-charging circuits in the high-voltage accessory circuit and the thermal management high-voltage circuit, more effective vehicle high-voltage circuit protection is achieved, which improves the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method, wherein the vehicle includes a vehicle controller, and the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes at least one first protection circuit, wherein the first protection circuit includes a current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the first protection circuit, Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the case of protecting a vehicle high-voltage circuit. Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle high voltage circuit protection method may include:

[0063] S101 , obtaining an actual current signal of a first protection circuit detected by a current sensor.

[0064] It is understandable that the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system may include a first protection circuit, or may include multiple first protection circuits. In the case where the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes multiple first protection circuits, the multiple first protection circuits are connected in parallel with each other, and each first protection circuit includes an independent current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the circuit, so that the vehicle controller can independently monitor the current state of each first protection circuit. Specifically, taking the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system including a first protection circuit as an example, the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the current sensor and the active excitation fuse respectively, and the vehicle controller can obtain the actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor.

[0065] S102, controlling the working state of the active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal.

[0066] Specifically, after the vehicle controller obtains the actual current signal of the first protection circuit 0 detected by the current sensor, it compares it with the preset current to monitor the current state of the first protection circuit in real time. By comparing the actual current signal with the preset current, the vehicle controller can accurately determine whether there is an overcurrent or short circuit in the first protection circuit, thereby controlling the working state of the active excitation fuse. When the vehicle controller determines that the actual current signal of the first protection circuit is greater than or equal to the preset current, indicating that the current in the first protection circuit is too large and there may be an overcurrent or short circuit, it can promptly control the active excitation fuse to disconnect to cut off the first protection circuit, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment in the first protection circuit, ensuring the safe operation of the first protection circuit, and improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0067] In another optional embodiment, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system also includes a collision detection sensor, and the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method may further include: obtaining a vehicle collision signal detected by the collision detection sensor; and controlling the active excitation fuse to disconnect according to the vehicle collision signal.

[0068] Specifically, the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the collision detection sensor. When the collision sensor detects a vehicle collision signal, it will immediately respond and control the active excitation fuse to disconnect, so as to cut off the first protection circuit and protect the vehicle's high-voltage circuit system from further damage, thereby improving the safety and stability of the vehicle's high-voltage circuit system in unexpected situations and providing more comprehensive protection for passengers and vehicles.

[0069] The above-mentioned vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method can be used in the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding beneficial effects of the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system. For technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system provided by any embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Since the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method described above can act on the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system described in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical personnel of the field can understand the specific implementation of the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method of the present embodiment and its various variations, so how the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method achieves the beneficial effects of the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system in the embodiment of the present invention is not described in detail here. As long as the technical personnel of the field implement the method acting on the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system in the embodiment of the present invention, it belongs to the scope of protection of this application.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes a frame, a vehicle controller arranged in the frame, and the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system of the above embodiment; the vehicle controller is used to execute the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method of the above embodiment.

[0072] Therefore, the vehicle provided in this embodiment has the structure and operation of the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system of the above embodiment, and can achieve the effect of the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method of the above embodiment. The similarities can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0073] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0074] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle high voltage circuit protection system, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a vehicle controller, and the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes at least one first protection circuit; The first protection circuit includes a current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the first protection circuit; The vehicle controller is electrically connected to the current sensor and the active excitation fuse respectively, and is used to obtain the actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor, and control the working state of the active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal.

2. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection circuit includes at least one of a battery high voltage input circuit, a DC charging circuit and a motor high voltage circuit; The battery high voltage input circuit includes a first current sensor and a first active excitation fuse; The DC charging circuit includes a second current sensor and a second active excitation fuse; The motor high-voltage circuit includes a third current sensor and a third active excitation fuse; The vehicle controller is electrically connected to the first current sensor, the first active excitation fuse, the second current sensor, the second active excitation fuse, the third current sensor and the third active excitation fuse, respectively, and is used to control the working state of the first active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal detected by the first current sensor and the first preset current signal, control the working state of the second active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal detected by the second current sensor and the second preset current signal, and control the working state of the third active excitation fuse according to the actual current signal detected by the third current sensor and the third preset current signal.

3. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two of the first preset current signal, the second preset current signal and the third preset current signal are different.

4. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system also includes a collision detection sensor; The vehicle controller is also electrically connected to the collision detection sensor, and is used to control the active excitation fuse to disconnect when a vehicle collision signal detected by the collision detection sensor is acquired.

5. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system further includes at least one second protection circuit; The operating current value of the second protection circuit is smaller than the operating current value of the first protection circuit; The second protection circuit includes a thermal fuse connected in series in the second protection circuit.

6. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second protection circuit includes a high-voltage accessory circuit and / or a thermal management high-voltage circuit; The high voltage accessory circuit includes a first thermal cutout fuse; The thermal management high voltage circuit includes a second thermal cutoff fuse.

7. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protection circuit also includes a relay; The relay is arranged in a circuit between the first protection circuit and the negative electrode terminal, and / or in a circuit between the first protection circuit and the positive electrode terminal.

8. A vehicle high voltage circuit protection method, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a vehicle controller, the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system includes at least one first protection circuit, the first protection circuit includes a current sensor and an active excitation fuse connected in series in the first protection circuit; The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method comprises: Acquiring an actual current signal of the first protection circuit detected by the current sensor; The working state of the active excitation fuse is controlled according to the actual current signal and the preset current signal.

9. The vehicle high voltage circuit protection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system also includes a collision detection sensor; The vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method further includes: Acquiring a vehicle collision signal detected by the collision detection sensor; The active excitation fuse is controlled to disconnect according to the vehicle collision signal.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: A vehicle frame, a vehicle controller arranged in the vehicle frame, and a vehicle high-voltage circuit protection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; The vehicle controller is used to execute the vehicle high-voltage circuit protection method as described in claim 8 or 9.

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