Energy Management System and Method for Charging and Battery Swapping Station Based on Multi-Port Energy Router

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, specifically an energy management system and method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router. According to information such as the actual power generation of photovoltaic, whether the reserved electric vehicles for charging and swapping arrive on time, and the status of all power batteries in the charging and swapping station, the present invention selects a real-time energy management mode, formulates a real-time energy management strategy in combination with a rolling energy management strategy, integrates advanced power electronics technology, big data technology and vehicle networking technology, intelligently schedules and optimally allocates the energy of the charging and swapping station at different time scales, improves the operation efficiency and service quality of the charging and swapping facilities, and promotes the utilization of renewable energy and the stable operation of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and particularly to an energy management system and method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this part merely provide background technical information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the increasingly serious global climate change and environmental problems, electric vehicles, as an important means to reduce carbon emissions and alleviate the energy crisis, have received extensive attention and applications. Among them, the charging and swapping station for electric vehicles is an energy station that provides charging for the power batteries of electric vehicles and rapid replacement of power batteries. With the rapid popularization of electric vehicles and the rapid growth of the market, how to improve the charging and swapping efficiency, reduce the operating cost, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid has become an urgent problem to be solved for electric vehicle charging and swapping stations.

[0004] Existing electric vehicle charging and swapping stations only consider a single operation mode, do not fully dispatch the energy of charging stations and swapping stations at the same time, and do not fully utilize the function of peak shaving and valley filling of power batteries in the swapping station. In this way, not only can the operating cost not be effectively reduced, but also the impact of sudden access of electric vehicles to the power grid on the stability of the power grid is not considered, so the safe and stable operation of the power grid cannot be effectively guaranteed.

[0005] For the above reasons, the present invention designs an energy management system and method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, constructs a multi-time-scale energy management strategy, and through integrating advanced power electronic technology, big data technology and vehicle networking technology, intelligently dispatches and optimally configures the energy of the charging and swapping station at different time scales, improving the operating efficiency and service quality of charging and swapping facilities while promoting the utilization of renewable energy and the stable operation of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, provide an energy management system and method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, construct a multi-time-scale energy management strategy, and through integrating advanced power electronic technology, big data technology and vehicle networking technology, intelligently dispatches and optimally configures the energy of the charging and swapping station at different time scales, improving the operating efficiency and service quality of charging and swapping facilities while promoting the utilization of renewable energy and the stable operation of the power grid.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an energy management system for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, which is characterized by including an information acquisition and processing module, a rolling energy management module and a real-time energy management module;

[0008] An information acquisition and processing module, which is configured to: the multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation power in the future period T, detects the states of all power batteries in the charging station and the battery swapping station in real time, collects the reserved charging and battery swapping information of electric vehicles through the vehicle-to-everything network, and calculates the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and battery swapping station based on the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle and the distance from the charging and battery swapping station;

[0009] A rolling energy management module, which is configured to: based on the information collected and processed by the information acquisition and processing module, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and discharging station, under the condition of meeting the corresponding constraints, optimize the energy management strategy for the future period T every time interval t;

[0010] A real-time energy management module, which is configured to: based on the actual photovoltaic power generation power, whether the reserved charging and battery swapping electric vehicles arrive on time, and the state information of all power batteries in the charging and battery swapping station, select the real-time energy management mode, and formulate the real-time energy management strategy in combination with the rolling energy management module.

[0011] The reserved charging and battery swapping information in the information acquisition and processing module includes: the vehicle owner selects charging or battery swapping, the start and end times of charging, the battery swapping time, the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the distance from the charging and battery swapping station.

[0012] An energy management method for a charging and battery swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, including the following steps:

[0013] S1, the multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation power in the future period T, detects the states of all power batteries in the charging and battery swapping station in real time, simultaneously obtains the reserved charging and battery swapping information of the electric vehicle owner through the vehicle-to-everything network, and calculates the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and battery swapping station based on the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle and the distance from the charging and battery swapping station;

[0014] S2, based on the information collected and processed by the multi-port energy router, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and discharging station, under the condition of meeting the corresponding constraints, the rolling energy management module optimizes the energy management strategy for the future period T every time interval t, which is used to guide the vehicle owner to make an early reservation, and different proportions of service fees are charged according to the early reservation time of the vehicle owner for charging and battery swapping;

[0015] S3, based on the actual photovoltaic power generation power, whether the reserved charging and battery swapping electric vehicles arrive on time, and the state information of all power batteries in the charging and battery swapping station, select the real-time energy management mode, and formulate the real-time energy management strategy in combination with the rolling energy management strategy.

[0016] The specific calculation method of the remaining capacity of the power battery in S1 is

[0017] Formula 1: ;

[0018] Formula Two: ;

[0019] Formula Three: ;

[0020] where, is the remaining capacity of the power battery when the electric vehicle arrives at the charging and swapping station, is the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, is the driving speed of the electric vehicle, is the power discharge of the power battery when the electric vehicle is driving at speed and is the time when the electric vehicle is driving at speed , is the power discharge efficiency of the power battery, is the distance traveled by the electric vehicle at speed .

[0021] The rolling optimization of the energy management strategy within a future period T in S2 is achieved through the objective function, and its specific calculation method is:

[0022] Formula Four: ;

[0023] Formula Five: ;

[0024] Formula Six: ;

[0025] Formula Seven: ;

[0026] where, is the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station, is the revenue of the charging station, is the revenue of the swapping station, is the cost generated by the interaction between the multi-port energy router and the power grid, and are the service fee proportion coefficients charged by the charging and swapping stations to the vehicle owners respectively, is the total charging power of the charging station at time is the total power of the interaction between the swapping station and the energy router at time When it is positive, it represents that the swapping station is charging, otherwise it represents discharging, is the power of the interaction between the multi-port energy router and the power grid at time When it is positive, it represents buying electricity from the power grid, otherwise it represents selling electricity to the power grid, is Grid electricity price at a certain moment.

[0027] The calculation method of the proportionality coefficient for charging different service fees according to the charging and swapping time reserved in advance by the vehicle owner in S2 is as follows:

[0028] Formula VIII: ;

[0029] Where are the proportionality coefficients of the service fees charged by the charging and swapping stations to the vehicle owner respectively, is the time difference between the reserved charging start time or reserved swapping time of the vehicle owner and the current moment.

[0030] The constraint condition for the rolling energy management module in S2 to maintain the internal power balance of the multi-port energy router is:

[0031] The constraint condition for the rolling energy management module in S2 to maintain the internal power balance of the multi-port energy router is:

[0032] Formula IX: ;

[0033] Where is the power generation power of the photovoltaic power station at the is the charging power of the super capacitor at the When it is positive, the super capacitor is charging, otherwise the super capacitor is discharging;

[0034] In the charging and swapping station, the charging power constraint condition of the charging station set to meet the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is:

[0035] Formula X: ;

[0036] Where, is the maximum total charging power of the charging station;

[0037] In the charging and swapping station, the interactive power constraint condition between the swapping station and the multi-port energy router set to meet the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is:

[0038] Formula XI: ;

[0039] Where, is the maximum total interactive power between the swapping station and the multi-port energy router;

[0040] In the charging and swapping station, the interactive power constraint condition between the super capacitor and the multi-port energy router set to meet the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is:

[0041] Formula XII: ;

[0042] Among them, is the maximum interaction power between the supercapacitor and the multi-port energy router;

[0043] To ensure that the electric vehicle selected for charging can be fully charged within the agreed time, the constraint conditions for the power battery of the electric vehicle, that is, the state of charge (SOC), are set as:

[0044] Formula XIII: ;

[0045] Formula XIV: ;

[0046] Among them, is the SOC of the i-th electric vehicle at the end of the reserved charging time, is the SOC of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time, is the charging efficiency of the power battery, is the rated capacity of the power battery;

[0047] To ensure that when the owner of the reserved battery swapping arrives at the battery swapping station, there are enough fully charged power batteries for the owner to replace, the constraint conditions for the SOC of the power batteries in the battery swapping station of the charging and battery swapping station are set as:

[0048] Formula XV: ;

[0049] Formula XVI: ;

[0050] Among them, is the SOC of the i-th power battery in the battery swapping station at time is the number of vehicles reserved for battery swapping at time is the total number of power batteries in the battery swapping station, is the SOC of the i-th power battery in the battery swapping station at the current time;

[0051] To ensure that the supercapacitor can respond to the power change of the system in real time, the SOC of the supercapacitor is set to be maintained between 45% and 55% at the end of each time period. The specific constraint conditions are:

[0052] Formula XVII: ;

[0053] Formula XVIII: ;

[0054] Among them, is the SOC of the supercapacitor at the end of the time period, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the supercapacitor respectively.

[0055] The real-time energy management mode in S3 is divided into on-time arrival and late / non-arrival according to whether the electric vehicle with reserved charging or battery swapping arrives on time.

[0056] S8-1. When the electric vehicle arrives on time, the charging power of the charging station remains the same as that in the rolling energy management module without modification. The supercapacitor balances the error between the actual photovoltaic power generation and the predicted value. When the supercapacitor cannot balance, the power battery that does not need to participate in battery swapping in the next time period in the battery swapping station absorbs it. The specific method is as follows:

[0057] Formula XIX: ;

[0058] Formula XX: ;

[0059] Formula XXI: ;

[0060] Among them, is the deviation between the actual value and the predicted value of the photovoltaic power generation, is the actual power generation of the photovoltaic power station at the current moment, is the predicted power generation of the photovoltaic power station at the current moment, is the interaction power between the battery swapping station and the multi-port energy router at the current moment in the rolling energy management module;

[0061] S8-2. When the electric vehicle does not arrive at the charging and battery swapping station during the reserved time period, its reservation is automatically cancelled. The power originally intended for charging the power battery is absorbed by charging the supercapacitor. If the supercapacitor cannot balance the power deviation, the charge and discharge power of the power battery that does not need to participate in battery swapping in the next time period in the battery swapping station is adjusted to maintain the internal power balance of the energy router. The specific method is as follows:

[0062] Formula XXII: ;

[0063] Formula XXIII: ;

[0064] Formula XXIV: ;

[0065] Among them, is the power deviation at the current moment, is the interaction power between the multi-port energy router and the power grid at the current moment in the rolling energy management module, is the actual charging power of the charging station at the current moment.

[0066] A computer storage medium stores a computer software program, and when the computer software program is executed by a processor, it realizes an energy management method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router.

[0067] An electronic device includes a housing and a control board, and the control board includes a storage medium.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] The multi-time scale energy management model of the present invention obtains the reservation information of electric vehicle charging and swapping in real time through the vehicle-to-grid network, and makes full use of the capacity of the power battery in the swapping station to realize the function of peak shaving and valley filling. A rolling energy management strategy is formulated on a more reasonable and accurate time scale to reduce the operating cost. Different charging strategies are formulated according to the reservation situation of electric vehicles to guide the vehicle owners to make reservations in advance.

[0070] According to the actual arrival situation of electric vehicles, the present invention formulates real-time energy management strategies through two modes: arriving on time and arriving late or not arriving.

[0071] In addition, the present invention introduces a super capacitor to suppress the deviation between the actual power generation of the photovoltaic power station and the predicted value and the disturbance to the system power balance caused by the situation of electric vehicles arriving late or not arriving, and maintains the power balance of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 2 It is a system model diagram of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the rolling energy management module in the present invention.

[0075] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the real-time energy management module in the present invention.

[0076] Figure 5 It is a system framework diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0077] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further description of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0078] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Embodiment

[0079] This embodiment provides an energy management system for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, as follows Figure 5 shown, including: an information acquisition and processing module, a rolling energy management module, and a real-time energy management module.

[0080] The information acquisition and processing module is configured to: the multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation power for the future T period, and real-time detects the states of the power batteries of the charging station and the swapping station. The electric vehicle reservation charging and swapping information is collected through the vehicle network. The electric vehicle reservation charging and swapping information collected through the vehicle network includes: whether the electric vehicle owner chooses charging or swapping, the start and end times of charging, the swapping time, the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the distance between the electric vehicle and the charging and swapping station. And calculate the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and swapping station based on the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle and the distance between the electric vehicle and the charging and swapping station.

[0081] The rolling energy management module is configured to: based on the information collected and processed by the multi-port energy router, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and discharging station, under the condition of meeting the corresponding constraints, roll and optimize the energy management strategy for the future time T every t period.

[0082] The real-time energy management module is configured to: select the real-time energy management mode according to information such as the actual photovoltaic power generation power, whether the reserved charging and swapping electric vehicles arrive on time, and the states of all the power batteries in the charging and swapping station, and formulate a real-time energy management strategy in combination with the rolling energy management strategy. Embodiment

[0083] This embodiment provides an energy method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, as follows Figure 1 shown, including the following steps:

[0084] The energy management method for the power station includes the following steps:

[0085] (1) The multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation power for the future T period, real-time detects the states of all the power batteries in the charging and swapping station, and at the same time obtains the electric vehicle owner's reservation charging and swapping information through the vehicle network and performs corresponding processing.

[0086] (2) According to the information collected and processed by the multi-port energy router, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and discharging station, under the condition of meeting the corresponding constraints, roll and optimize the energy management strategy for the future T period every time t.

[0087] (3) According to information such as the actual photovoltaic power generation power, whether the reserved charging and swapping electric vehicles arrive on time, and the states of all the power batteries in the charging and swapping station, select the real-time energy management mode, and formulate a real-time energy management strategy in combination with the rolling energy management strategy.

[0088] The architecture of the above method is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the multi-port energy router is connected to the power grid, a photovoltaic power station, a charging station, a battery swapping station, and a super capacitor. Among them, the super capacitor is used to buffer the impact on the stability of the multi-port energy router caused by the deviation of photovoltaic power generation and the sudden access of electric vehicles to charge without following the reserved time.

[0089] The method of the embodiment of the present invention will be further described below from three steps: "information collection and processing, formulating a rolling energy management strategy, and formulating a real-time energy management strategy".

[0090] It should be noted here that: information collection and processing are implemented by the information collection and processing module, the rolling energy management strategy is implemented by the rolling energy management module, and the real-time energy management strategy is implemented by the real-time energy management module.

[0091] S1: Information collection and processing

[0092] The multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation power in the future T period, and real-time detects the state of each power battery of the charging station and the battery swapping station. The reserved charging and swapping information of electric vehicles is collected through the vehicle-to-grid network. The reserved charging and swapping information of electric vehicles collected through the vehicle-to-grid network includes: whether the electric vehicle owner chooses to charge or swap, the start and end times of charging, the swapping time, the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the distance between the electric vehicle and the charging and swapping station.

[0093] Furthermore, the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and swapping station is calculated based on the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle and the distance between the electric vehicle and the charging and swapping station. Specifically

[0094] Formula 1: ;

[0095] Formula 2: ;

[0096] Formula 3: ;

[0097] Among them is the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and swapping station, is the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, is the driving speed of the electric vehicle, is the power battery discharge power when the electric vehicle travels at speed , is the time when the electric vehicle travels at speed , is the power battery discharge efficiency, is the distance traveled by the electric vehicle at speed .

[0098] S2: Develop a rolling energy management strategy, such as Figure 3 as shown:

[0099] Based on the information collected and processed by the multi-port energy router, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station, optimize the energy management strategy for the next T time periods every t time intervals.

[0100] Establish a rolling energy management model, and the objective function is as follows:

[0101] Equation Four: ;

[0102] Equation Five: ;

[0103] Equation Six: ;

[0104] Equation Seven: ;

[0105] Among them, is the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station, is the revenue of the charging station, is the revenue of the swapping station, is the cost generated by the interaction between the multi-port energy router and the power grid, and are the service fee ratio coefficients charged by the charging and swapping stations to the vehicle owners respectively, is the total charging power of the charging station at time is the total interaction power between the swapping station and the energy router at time when it is positive, it represents the charging of the swapping station, otherwise it represents discharging, is the interaction power between the multi-port energy router and the power grid at time when it is positive, it represents buying electricity from the power grid, otherwise it represents selling electricity to the power grid, is the power grid electricity price at time

[0106] To encourage vehicle owners to make early reservations, different proportions of service fees are charged according to the early reservation time of vehicle owners for charging and swapping. The service fee coefficients are formulated as follows:

[0107] Equation Eight: ;

[0108] Among them are the service fee ratio coefficients charged by the charging and swapping stations to the vehicle owners respectively, is the time difference between the vehicle owner's reserved charging start time or reserved swapping time and the current time.

[0109] To maintain the internal power balance of the multi-port energy router, the rolling energy management model should satisfy the power balance constraint, specifically: Equation Nine: ;

[0110] where is the power generation power of the photovoltaic power station at time is the charging power of the supercapacitor at time When it is positive, the supercapacitor is charging; otherwise, the supercapacitor is discharging;

[0111] In the charging and swapping station, the charging power constraint condition of the charging station set to avoid the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is:

[0112] Equation Ten: ;

[0113] where is the maximum total charging power of the charging station;

[0114] In the charging and swapping station, the interactive power constraint condition between the swapping station and the multi-port energy router set to avoid the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is:

[0115] Equation Eleven: ;

[0116] where is the maximum total interactive power between the swapping station and the multi-port energy router;

[0117] In the charging and swapping station, the interactive power constraint condition between the supercapacitor and the multi-port energy router set to avoid the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is:

[0118] Equation Twelve: ;

[0119] where is the maximum interactive power between the supercapacitor and the multi-port energy router;

[0120] To ensure that the electric vehicle selected for charging can be fully charged within the agreed time, the constraint condition of the electric vehicle power battery, i.e., SOC, is set as:

[0121] Equation Thirteen: ;

[0122] Equation Fourteen: ;

[0123] where is the SOC of the i-th electric vehicle at the end of the reserved charging time, is the SOC of the i-th electric vehicle at the current time, is the charging efficiency of the power battery, is the rated capacity of the power battery;

[0124] To ensure that there are enough fully charged power batteries for the vehicle owners to replace when they arrive at the swapping station for reserved battery swapping, the constraint condition for the state of charge (SOC) of the power batteries in the swapping station of the charging and swapping station is set as:

[0125] Formula XV: ;

[0126] Formula XVI: ;

[0127] Among them, is the SOC of the i-th power battery in the swapping station at time is the number of vehicles reserved for battery swapping at time is the total number of power batteries in the swapping station, is the SOC of the i-th power battery in the swapping station at the current time;

[0128] To ensure that the super capacitor can respond to the power change of the system in real time, the SOC of the super capacitor is set to be maintained between 45% and 55% at the end of each time period. The specific constraint conditions are:

[0129] Formula XVII: ;

[0130] Formula XVIII: ;

[0131] Among them, is the SOC of the super capacitor at the end of the time period, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the super capacitor respectively.

[0132] By solving the above rolling energy management model, a rolling energy management strategy is formulated, including: the charging power of the charging station, the interaction power between the swapping station and the energy router, and the interaction power between the energy router and the power grid in each time period.

[0133] S3: Formulate a real-time energy management strategy, as Figure 4 shown:

[0134] Since the charging and swapping station adopts the reservation system, vehicle owners need to make an advance reservation before charging or swapping. According to whether the reserved electric vehicle arrives on time, it is divided into two situations: arriving on time and arriving late or not arriving. For these two modes, real-time energy management models are established respectively in combination with the actual photovoltaic power generation and the rolling energy management strategy. Specifically:

[0135] Mode 1: Arriving on time.

[0136] If the electric vehicle arrives at the charging and swapping station at the reserved time for charging or swapping, the charging power of the charging station is the same as that in the rolling energy management method and remains unchanged. The supercapacitor balances the error between the actual photovoltaic power generation and the predicted value. When the supercapacitor cannot balance, it is absorbed by the power batteries in the swapping station that do not need to participate in swapping in the next time period. Specifically:

[0137] Formula XIX: ;

[0138] Formula XX: ;

[0139] Formula XXI: ;

[0140] Among them, is the deviation between the actual value and the predicted value of the photovoltaic power generation, is the actual power generation of the photovoltaic power station at the current moment, is the predicted power generation of the photovoltaic power station at the current moment, is the interaction power between the swapping station and the multi-port energy router at the current moment in the rolling energy management module.

[0141] Mode 2: Arriving late or not arriving.

[0142] If the electric vehicle does not arrive at the charging and swapping station during the reserved time period, its reservation will be automatically cancelled. The power originally intended for charging the power battery is absorbed by charging the supercapacitor. If the supercapacitor cannot balance the power deviation, the charging and discharging power of the power batteries in the swapping station that do not need to participate in swapping in the next time period is adjusted to maintain the power balance inside the energy router. Specifically:

[0143] Formula XXII: ;

[0144] Formula XXIII: ;

[0145] Formula XXIV: ;

[0146] Among them, is the power deviation at the current moment, is the interaction power between the multi-port energy router and the power grid at the current moment in the rolling energy management module, is the actual charging power of the charging station at the current moment.

[0147] By solving the above real-time energy management model, a real-time energy management strategy is formulated, including: the charging power of the charging station in the current time period, the interaction power between the supercapacitor and the energy router, the interaction power between the swapping station and the energy router, and the interaction power between the energy router and the power grid.

[0148] Embodiment 3: This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium and an electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, and when the program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps in the energy method of the charging and swapping station based on the multi-port energy router in Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.

[0149] The electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps in the energy method of the charging and swapping station based on the multi-port energy router in Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.

[0150] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0151] As a whole, the present invention solves the deficiencies in the prior art, such as the high operating cost caused by the single operation mode of electric vehicle charging and swapping stations and the impact of sudden access of electric vehicles on the stability of the power grid. Through the multi-time scale energy management strategy, integrating advanced power electronic technology, big data technology, and vehicle networking technology, the energy of the charging and swapping station is intelligently scheduled and optimally configured at different time scales, improving the operating efficiency and service quality of the charging and swapping facilities while promoting the utilization of renewable energy and the stable operation of the power grid.

Claims

1. An energy management method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router, characterized in that Including an energy management system and an energy management method; The energy management system includes: an information acquisition and processing module, a rolling energy management module, and a real-time energy management module; The information acquisition and processing module is configured to: the multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation for a future period T, detects the states of the power batteries of the charging station and the battery swapping station in real time, collects the reserved charging and swapping information of electric vehicles through the vehicle network, and calculates the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and swapping station based on the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle and the distance to the charging and swapping station; The rolling energy management module is configured to: based on the information collected and processed by the information acquisition and processing module, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and discharging station, under the condition of meeting the corresponding constraints, optimize the energy management strategy for a future period T every time interval t; The real-time energy management module is configured to: according to the actual photovoltaic power generation, whether the reserved charging and swapping electric vehicles arrive on time, and the state information of all the power batteries in the charging and swapping station, select the real-time energy management mode, and formulate the real-time energy management strategy in combination with the rolling energy management module; The reserved charging and swapping information in the information acquisition and processing module includes: the vehicle owner selects charging or swapping, the start and end times of charging, the swapping time, the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the distance to the charging and swapping station; An energy management method for a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router includes the following steps: S1. The multi-port energy router predicts the photovoltaic power generation for a future period T, detects the states of all the power batteries in the charging and swapping station in real time, obtains the reserved charging and swapping information of the electric vehicle owners through the vehicle network at the same time, and calculates the remaining capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle when it arrives at the charging and swapping station based on the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle and the distance to the charging and swapping station; S2. According to the information collected and processed by the multi-port energy router, with the goal of maximizing the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and discharging station, under the condition of meeting the corresponding constraints, the rolling energy management module optimizes the energy management strategy for a future period T every time interval t to guide the vehicle owner to make an early reservation, and charges different proportions of service fees according to the early reservation time of the vehicle owner for charging and swapping; S3. According to the actual photovoltaic power generation, whether the reserved charging and swapping electric vehicles arrive on time, and the state information of all the power batteries in the charging and swapping station, select the real-time energy management mode, and formulate the real-time energy management strategy in combination with the rolling energy management strategy; The specific calculation method of the remaining capacity of the power battery in S1 is: Formula 1: ; Formula 2: ; Formula Three: ; Among them, is the remaining capacity of the power battery when the electric vehicle arrives at the charging and swapping station, is the current capacity of the power battery of the electric vehicle, is the driving speed of the electric vehicle, is the electric vehicle at speed when driving, the discharge power of the power battery, is the electric vehicle at speed the driving time, is the discharge efficiency of the power battery, is the electric vehicle at speed the driving distance.

2. The energy management method of the charging and swapping station based on the multi-port energy router according to claim 1, wherein The rolling optimization of the energy management strategy for a future period T in S2 is realized through the objective function, and its specific calculation method is: Formula Four: ; Formula V: ; Formula VI: ; Formula VII: ; Among them, is the revenue of the electric vehicle charging and swapping station, is the revenue of the charging station, is the revenue of the swapping station, is the cost generated by the interaction between the multi-port energy router and the power grid, and are the service fee proportion coefficients charged by the charging and swapping stations to vehicle owners respectively, is the total charging power of the charging station at time is the total interaction power between the swapping station and the energy router at time, where positive timing represents the charging of the swapping station, and vice versa represents discharging, is the interaction power between the multi-port energy router and the power grid at time, where positive timing represents buying electricity from the power grid, and vice versa represents selling electricity to the power grid, is the power grid electricity price at time 3. The energy management method of the charging and swapping station based on the multi-port energy router according to claim 1, wherein The calculation method of the proportional coefficient for charging different proportions of service fees according to the early reservation time of the vehicle owner for charging and swapping in S2 is: Formula VIII: ; wherein are respectively the service fee proportion coefficients charged by the charging and battery swapping stations to the vehicle owners, is the time difference between the time when the vehicle owner reserves the start time of charging or the time of battery swapping and the current moment.

4. The energy management method of a charging and swapping station based on a multi-port energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that The constraint condition for the rolling energy management module in S2 to maintain the internal power balance of the multi-port energy router is: Formula Nine: ; Among them is the power generation power of the photovoltaic power station at a certain moment, is the charging power of the supercapacitor at a certain moment. When the said is positive, the supercapacitor is charged; otherwise, the supercapacitor is discharged. In the charging and swapping station, the charging power constraint condition of the charging station set to meet the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is: Formula Ten: ; Among them, is the maximum total charging power of the charging station; In the charging and discharging power station, the interactive power constraint condition between the battery swapping station and the multi-port energy router set to meet the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is as follows: Formula XI: ; Among them, is the maximum total interaction power between the battery swapping station and the multi-port energy router; In the charging and battery swapping power station, the interactive power constraint condition between the super capacitor and the multi-port energy router set to meet the port power limit of the multi-port energy router is as follows: Formula XII: ; Among them, is the maximum interaction power between the supercapacitor and the multi-port energy router; To ensure that the electric vehicle selected for charging can be fully charged within the agreed time, the constraint condition of the power battery of the electric vehicle, that is, the SOC, is set as follows: Formula XIII: ; Formula XIV: ; Wherein, is the SOC at the end of the reserved charging of the i-th electric vehicle, is the SOC of the i-th electric vehicle at the current moment, is the charging efficiency of the power battery, is the rated capacity of the power battery; To ensure that when the owner of the reserved battery swapping arrives at the battery swapping station, there are enough fully charged power batteries for the owner to replace, the constraint condition of the SOC of the power battery of the battery swapping station in the charging and battery swapping power station is set as follows: Formula XV: ; Formula XVI: ; Among them, is the SOC of the i-th power battery of the battery swapping station at time is the number of vehicles reserved for battery swapping at time is the total number of power batteries of the battery swapping station is the SOC of the i-th power battery of the battery swapping station at the current time; To ensure that the super capacitor responds to the power change of the system in real time, the SOC of the super capacitor is controlled to be maintained between 45% and 55% at the end of each period. The specific constraint condition is as follows: Formula XVII: ; Formula XVIII: ; Among them, is the SOC of the supercapacitor at the end of the time period, and are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the supercapacitor, respectively.

5. The energy management method of the charging and swapping station based on the multi-port energy router according to claim 1, characterized in that The real-time energy management mode in S3 is divided into on-time arrival and late arrival according to whether the reserved charging and battery swapping electric vehicle arrives on time. S8-1. When the electric vehicle arrives on time, the charging power of the charging station remains unchanged and is the same as that in the rolling energy management module. The super capacitor balances the error between the actual photovoltaic power generation and the predicted value. When the super capacitor cannot balance, the power battery that does not need to participate in battery swapping in the next period in the battery swapping station absorbs it. The specific method is as follows: Formula XIX: ; Formula XX: ; Formula XXI: ; Among them, is the deviation between the actual value and the predicted value of the photovoltaic power generation, is the actual power generation of the photovoltaic power station at the current moment, is the predicted power generation of the photovoltaic power station at the current moment, is the interaction power between the battery swapping station and the multi-port energy router at the current moment in the rolling energy management module; S8-2. When the electric vehicle does not arrive at the charging and battery swapping power station during the reserved period, its reservation is automatically cancelled. The power originally intended for charging the power battery is absorbed by charging the super capacitor. If the super capacitor cannot balance the power deviation, the charge and discharge power of the power battery that does not need to participate in battery swapping in the next period in the battery swapping station is adjusted to maintain the internal power balance of the energy router. The specific method is as follows: Formula XXII: ; Formula XXIII: ; Formula 24: ; wherein, is the power deviation at the current moment, is the power exchanged between the multi-port energy router and the power grid at the current moment in the rolling energy management module, is the actual charging power of the charging station at the current moment.

6. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer software program, and when the computer software program is executed by a processor, it implements the energy management method of the charging and battery swapping power station based on a multi-port energy router as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. An electronic device, comprising a housing and a control board, characterized in that, The control board includes the storage medium as described in claim 6.

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