Farmland drainage system and farmland hard drainage channel transformation method

Abstract

The farmland drainage system comprises a hard drainage channel and an ecological purification section, the ecological purification section comprises a frame protection unit and an internal filling unit, a bottom liner layer and a partition layer are arranged in the hard drainage channel to form a filling lattice, and the filling lattice is filled with a first filling matrix and a second filling matrix. The first filling matrix can filter and purify the farmland drainage, intercept pollutants in the farmland drainage, slow down the drainage flow rate and prolong the hydraulic retention time; the second filling matrix is used for planting aquatic plants, inhabitation and reproduction spaces are provided for small animals such as frogs and other microorganisms and planktons, the ecological benefits of an original hard drainage channel are improved, and meanwhile the planted aquatic plants can absorb pollutants in water through root systems and cooperate with the microorganisms to purify water. The invention further provides a farmland hard drainage channel transformation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of farmland irrigation and drainage, and in particular to a farmland drainage system and a method for transforming a farmland hard drainage channel. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the improvement of agricultural mechanization, the foundation for high grain yields has been laid. Farmland drainage is an important measure in agricultural production, aiming to remove excess water from farmland, control groundwater levels, and improve soil aeration, thereby providing a suitable growth environment for crops.

[0003] To ensure smooth drainage, high-standard farmland mostly uses hard drainage channels that meet drainage requirements, particularly those with trapezoidal cross-sections. This means that while considering larger farmland plots, only the smooth flow of farmland drainage is considered, resulting in insufficient ecological space along the drainage path. Consequently, non-point source pollutants are largely uninterrupted and unpurified along the way, flowing directly into the water, causing water quality to exceed standards at certain sections, a problem that is particularly acute after heavy rains during the flood season. Furthermore, hard drainage channels are constructed of concrete or other high-strength materials, lacking habitats for plants, small animals, and microorganisms, and their ecological service functions are extremely weak. The currently used ecological ditches require modifying the existing channel structure, which is costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a farmland drainage system and a method for renovating farmland hard drainage channels to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies. Without affecting the normal drainage of farmland, the interception, storage and purification capabilities of the drainage system are enhanced, and at the same time, the biological habitat and reproduction space of the drainage system is expanded.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a farmland drainage system, comprising a hard drainage channel and an ecological purification section, wherein the ecological purification section is arranged in the hard drainage channel and comprises:

[0007] A frame protection unit, comprising a bottom lining layer and a separation layer, wherein the bottom lining layer is arranged on the bottom wall and side walls of the hard drain channel to form a U-shaped trough structure, and the separation layer is arranged on the bottom lining layer and separates the U-shaped trough structure into a plurality of open filling cells, wherein the filling cells are arranged along the length of the hard drain channel; the height of the filling cells is lower than the height of the side walls of the hard drain channel; the bottom lining layer and the separation layer are both made of a mesh material;

[0008] An internal filling unit includes a first filling matrix and a second filling matrix, the first filling matrix and the second filling matrix are filled in different filling grids at intervals, the first filling matrix can filter and purify farmland drainage, the filling grid filled with the first filling matrix is ​​connected to the farmland drainage outlet, and the second filling matrix is ​​planted with aquatic plants.

[0009] Preferably, the ratio of the height of the filling grid to the height of the hard drainage channel is in the range of 1 / 4 to 1 / 3.

[0010] Preferably, the heights of the first filling matrix and the second filling matrix are lower than the height of the filling cells.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom lining layer is made of a three-dimensional mesh material, and the separation layer is made of a single-layer honeycomb material.

[0012] Preferably, the first filling matrix comprises one or more of the following materials: zeolite, volcanic rock, ceramsite, and glass pumice.

[0013] Preferably, the internal filling unit further comprises a mesh bag, the mesh bag is filled with the first filling matrix, the mesh bag is made of a mesh material, the mesh aperture of the mesh bag is smaller than the particle size of the first filling matrix, and the mesh bag is filled in the filling grid;

[0014] The internal filling unit further includes a protective layer, which is arranged on the top of the first filling matrix and is made of a mesh material.

[0015] Preferably, the second filling matrix is ​​soil, and the aquatic plant is evergreen iris or pennywort.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the ecological purification sections is multiple groups, and the ecological purification sections are arranged along the length direction of the hard drainage channel, with a gap between two adjacent ecological purification sections.

[0017] Preferably, the length ratio of each ecological purification section to the hard drainage channel is in the range of 10% to 15%, and the length ratio of the sum of all ecological purification sections to the hard drainage channel is in the range of 20% to 30%.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for transforming a farmland hard drainage channel, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Laying a bottom lining layer on the bottom wall and side walls of a hard drainage channel, and setting a separation layer in the hard drainage channel, and using the separation layer and the bottom lining layer to cooperate to form a filling grid;

[0020] A first filling matrix and a second filling matrix are filled in the filling grid, the first filling matrix is ​​used to adsorb and purify farmland drainage, and aquatic plants are planted on the second filling matrix.

[0021] Compared with the related art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: the farmland drainage system of the present invention includes a hard drainage ditch and an ecological purification section, the ecological purification section is arranged in the hard drainage ditch, the ecological purification section includes a frame protection unit and an internal filling unit, the frame protection unit includes a bottom lining layer and a separation layer, the bottom lining layer is arranged on the bottom wall and side wall of the hard drainage ditch to form a U-shaped trough structure, the separation layer is arranged on the bottom lining layer and divides the U-shaped trough structure into a plurality of open-structured filling grids, and the filling grids are arranged along the length direction of the hard drainage ditch; the height of the filling grid is lower than the height of the side wall of the hard drainage ditch; the bottom lining layer and the separation layer are both made of mesh material; the internal filling unit includes a first filling matrix and a second filling matrix, the first filling matrix and the second filling matrix are filled in different filling grids at intervals, the first filling matrix can filter and purify farmland drainage, the filling grid filled with the first filling matrix is ​​connected to the farmland drainage outlet, and the second filling matrix is ​​planted with aquatic plants.

[0022] The farmland drainage system of the present invention comprises a bottom lining layer and a separator layer within a rigid drainage channel, forming a filling grid. The filling grid is filled with a first filling matrix and a second filling matrix. The first filling matrix filters and purifies farmland drainage, intercepting pollutants while slowing the drainage flow rate and extending the hydraulic retention time. The second filling matrix is ​​used to cultivate aquatic plants, providing habitats and breeding grounds for small animals such as frogs, as well as other microorganisms and plankton, thereby enhancing the ecological benefits of the existing rigid drainage channel. Furthermore, the planted aquatic plants can absorb pollutants in the water through their roots, collaborating with the microorganisms to purify the water. The present invention's frame protection unit provides stable support and protection for the internal filling unit, improving the structural stability and operational reliability of the ecological purification section.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for renovating hard drainage channels in farmland, constructing an ecological purification section in the hard drainage channel. By renovating the bottom of the hard drainage channel, the interception, storage and purification capabilities of the local channel section are increased, while the biological habitat and reproduction space of the channel is expanded, thereby achieving the unity of environmental and ecological benefits in the farmland drainage process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the ecological purification section of the farmland drainage system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the main direction;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic top view of the ecological purification section of the farmland drainage system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view of the farmland drainage system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 100, ecological purification section; 200, hard drainage channel;

[0029] 1. Bottom lining layer; 2. Separation layer; 3. Filling grid; 4. First filling matrix; 5. Second filling matrix; 6. Farmland drainage outlet; 7. Aquatic plants; 8. Protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a farmland drainage system and a method for renovating farmland hard drainage channels to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies. Without affecting the normal drainage of farmland, the interception, storage and purification capabilities of the drainage system are enhanced, and at the same time, the biological habitat and reproduction space of the drainage system is expanded.

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a farmland drainage system, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3, including a hard drainage channel 200 and an ecological purification section 100, the ecological purification section 100 is arranged in the hard drainage channel 200, the ecological purification section 100 includes a frame protection unit and an internal filling unit, the frame protection unit includes a bottom lining layer 1 and a separation layer 2, the bottom lining layer 1 is arranged on the bottom wall and side wall of the hard drainage channel 200 to form a U-shaped trough structure, the separation layer 2 is arranged on the bottom lining layer 1 and divides the U-shaped trough structure into a plurality of open filling grids 3, the filling grids 3 are arranged along the length direction of the hard drainage channel 200; the height of the filling grid 3 is lower than the height of the side wall of the hard drainage channel 200; the bottom lining layer 1 and the separation layer 2 are both made of grid material; the internal filling unit includes a first filling matrix 4 and a second filling matrix 5, the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 are filled in different filling grids 3 at intervals, the first filling matrix 4 can filter and purify farmland drainage, the filling grid 3 filled with the first filling matrix 4 is connected to the farmland drainage outlet 6, and the second filling matrix 5 is planted with aquatic plants 7.

[0035] The farmland drainage system of the present invention comprises a bottom lining layer 1 and a separation layer 2 arranged within a hard drainage channel 200 to form a filling grid 3. The filling grid 3 is filled with a first filling matrix 4 and a second filling matrix 5. The first filling matrix 4 filters and purifies farmland drainage, intercepting pollutants in the drainage while slowing the drainage flow rate and extending the hydraulic retention time. The second filling matrix 5 is used to plant aquatic plants 7, providing a habitat and breeding space for small animals such as frogs, as well as other microorganisms and plankton, thereby enhancing the ecological benefits of the existing hard drainage channel 200. Furthermore, the planted aquatic plants 7 can absorb pollutants in the water through their roots, collaborating with microorganisms to purify the water. The framework protection unit of the present invention provides stable support and protection for the internal filling unit, improving the structural stability and operational reliability of the ecological purification section 100.

[0036] It should be explained here that the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 of the present invention are filled in different filling cells 3 at intervals, specifically, the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 are filled at intervals, and each filling cell 3 is filled with only the first filling matrix 4 or the second filling matrix 5. In this specific embodiment, the frame protection unit is provided with nine filling cells 3, the three filling cells 3 on the left and the three filling cells 3 on the right are all filled with the second filling matrix 5, and aquatic plants 7 are planted therein, the three filling cells 3 in the middle are filled with the first filling matrix 4, and the farmland drainage outlet 6 (drainage pipe or drainage pass) is connected to the hard drainage channel 200 section where the filling cells 3 filled with the first filling matrix 4 are located. In other specific embodiments that can be realized by the present invention, the number of filling cells 3 of the ecological purification section 100 and the specific filling conditions of the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 can also be adjusted according to actual conditions to meet different drainage and purification needs and improve the flexibility and adaptability of the farmland drainage system.

[0037] The ratio of the height of the filling grid 3 to the height of the hard drainage channel 200 ranges from 1 / 4 to 1 / 3. The low height of the ecological purification section 100 avoids poor drainage, ensuring normal drainage of farmland while providing a stagnation and purification function. Furthermore, the use of the second filling matrix 5 to plant aquatic plants 7 provides a habitat and breeding ground for small animals such as frogs, other microorganisms, and plankton, thereby enhancing the ecological benefits of the original hard drainage channel 200. In actual applications, the height of the ecological purification section 100 can be adjusted based on the height of the hard drainage channel 200 and the specific drainage conditions, ensuring farmland drainage while purifying pollutants and enhancing ecological functions.

[0038] At the same time, the height of the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 is lower than the height of the filling cell 3, preventing the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 from being lost due to the scouring effect of farmland drainage, which may even cause pollution. In this specific embodiment, the filling height of the first filling matrix 4 and the second filling matrix 5 is 0.05m lower than the filling cell 3. In actual applications, this height can be adjusted according to the specific filling situation and drainage conditions to meet the drainage requirements of farmland drainage systems of different specifications.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the bottom lining layer 1 is made of a three-dimensional mesh mat material, and the separation layer 2 is made of a single-layer honeycomb grid material. The single-layer honeycomb grid can be a commercially available honeycomb geogrid with perforated grid walls, made of flexible HDPE material, with a height range of 0.2m to 0.3m, and a single cell length and width of 0.3m×0.3m or 0.4m×0.4m. The width of the separation layer 2 is consistent with the width of the hard drainage channel 200. The honeycomb grid is cut into single strips after expansion, and the length is determined according to the length of the modification. If the length of a single honeycomb grid is insufficient, it can be connected by pressing when laid in the hard drainage channel 200; the three-dimensional mesh mat is a commercially available three-dimensional geogrid mat with a thickness of 5m to 8mm, a width of 0.3m to 0.4m, and a length that is consistent with the length of a single honeycomb grid. It can extend about 0.2m on both sides. The three-dimensional mesh mat is laid flat on the channel bottom, cushioning the honeycomb grid and the internal filling, while also making the channel bottom flexible and increasing the channel bottom flexibility.

[0040] Specifically, the first filling matrix 4 comprises one or more of the following materials: zeolite, volcanic rock, ceramsite, and glass pumice. In other embodiments of the present invention, a combination of the above materials in a volumetric ratio may also be used. The first filling matrix 4 has a particle size range of 20 mm to 40 mm and can be directly laid flat within the filling cell 3. In actual applications, other types of adsorption and purification materials may also be selected based on the specific quality of farmland drainage water.

[0041] In practical applications, the internal filling unit may further include a mesh bag filled with a first filling matrix 4, the mesh bag being made of a mesh material, the mesh aperture of the mesh bag being smaller than the particle size of the first filling matrix 4, and the mesh bag being filled in the filling grid 3; the first filling matrix 4 being filled by wrapping with a mesh bag or a fishing net can effectively prevent the loss of the first filling matrix 4 and facilitate subsequent cleaning and replacement.

[0042] In addition, in other specific embodiments that can be implemented in the present invention, the internal filling unit also includes a protective layer 8, which is arranged on the top of the first filling matrix 4. The protective layer 8 is made of a mesh material. The provision of the protective layer 8 can provide protection for the first filling matrix 4 to prevent debris such as dead branches and leaves from entering the first filling matrix 4 and affecting its purification ability. The protective layer 8 can be made of a three-dimensional mesh pad material, and the cutting specifications are adapted to the plane dimensions of a single filling grid 3, cut into 0.3m×0.3m or 0.4m×0.4m, with a thickness of 5mm, and lined on top of the first filling matrix 4.

[0043] More specifically, the second filling matrix 5 is soil. The soil can be filled with silt removed from the hard drainage channel 200 or soil taken from the surrounding area, and then naturally compacted. The aquatic plants 7 planted on the second filling matrix 5 can be either evergreen iris or pennywort. Two to three evergreen iris plants can be planted in each filling cell 3, and two clumps of pennywort can be planted in each filling cell 3. The selection and planting density of the aquatic plants 7 can be adjusted according to the specific drainage conditions of the farmland.

[0044] Furthermore, the number of ecological purification sections 100 can be multiple, arranged along the length of the hard drain channel 200, with gaps between adjacent ecological purification sections 100, to achieve intermittent purification of farmland drainage. In practical applications, the gaps between adjacent ecological purification sections 100 can also be omitted, allowing for continuous adsorption and purification of farmland drainage, while further expanding the space provided by the farmland drainage system for biological habitats and reproduction.

[0045] When there are gaps between adjacent ecological purification sections 100, the length ratio of each ecological purification section 100 to the hard drain channel 200 ranges from 10% to 15%, and the ratio of the sum of the lengths of all ecological purification sections 100 to the length of the hard drain channel 200 ranges from 20% to 30%. For example, the total length of the ecological purification sections 100 within every 100m of hard drain channel 200 is 20m to 30m. The ecological purification sections 100 can be continuous or discontinuous. When discontinuous, each section is 10m to 15m long. It should also be noted that the width of the ecological purification section 100 is consistent with the width of the hard drain channel 200. For example, if the width of the hard drain channel 200 is 0.3m to 0.4m, the width of the ecological purification section 100 should be consistent with the width of the hard drain channel 200, preferably 0.3m to 0.4m, to ensure both drainage and ecological function.

[0046] The farmland drainage system of the present invention realizes phased ecological transformation inside the hard drainage channel of farmland drainage, slows down the drainage flow rate, prolongs the hydraulic retention time, and purifies the drainage pollutants through the filtration, adsorption, plant absorption and microbial degradation of soil, aquatic plants 7, the first filling matrix 4, etc.; at the same time, through ecological transformation, it creates a habitat and reproduction place for small animals such as plankton, microorganisms, frogs, etc., thereby improving the ecological function of the hard drainage channel 200.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides a method for renovating a farmland hard drainage channel, comprising the following steps:

[0049] A bottom lining layer 1 is laid on the bottom wall and side walls of the hard drain channel 200, and a separation layer 2 is set in the hard drain channel 200. The separation layer 2 and the bottom lining layer 1 are used to form a filling grid 3;

[0050] A first filling matrix 4 and a second filling matrix 5 are filled in the filling grid 3 , the first filling matrix 4 is used to adsorb and purify farmland drainage, and aquatic plants 7 are planted on the second filling matrix 5 .

[0051] The method for renovating a farmland hard drainage channel of the present invention first requires cleaning the bottom of the renovated section of the hard drainage channel 200, removing silt and other debris, and then laying a three-dimensional mesh mat as a bottom lining layer 1, on which a cut single honeycomb grid is installed as a partition layer 2, and while installing, soil or purification matrix is ​​filled according to the design requirements of the filler, and finally, plants are planted and the three-dimensional mesh mat for upper protection is laid.

[0052] The method for renovating a hard drainage channel for farmland of the present invention increases the interception, storage and purification capabilities of a local channel section by renovating the bottom of the hard drainage channel 200 without affecting the normal drainage of the farmland, while expanding the biological habitat and reproduction space of the channel, thereby achieving the unity of environmental and ecological benefits in the farmland drainage process.

[0053] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A farmland drainage system, comprising a hard drainage channel, characterized in that: It also includes an ecological purification section, which is arranged in the hard drainage channel and includes: A frame protection unit, the frame protection unit comprising a bottom cushion layer and a separation layer, the bottom cushion layer being arranged on the bottom wall and the side wall of the hard drainage channel to form a U-shaped groove structure, the separation layer being arranged on the bottom cushion layer and separating the U-shaped groove structure into a plurality of open-structured filling grids, the filling grids being arranged along the length direction of the hard drainage channel; the height of the filling grids being lower than the height of the side wall of the hard drainage channel; the bottom cushion layer and the separation layer being both made of a mesh material; An internal filling unit, the internal filling unit includes a first filling matrix and a second filling matrix, the first filling matrix and the second filling matrix are filled in different filling grids at intervals, the first filling matrix can filter and purify farmland drainage, the filling grid filled with the first filling matrix is ​​connected to the farmland drainage outlet, and the second filling matrix is ​​planted with aquatic plants.

2. The farmland drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the height of the filling grid to the height of the hard drainage channel is in the range of 1 / 4 to 1 / 3.

3. The farmland drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heights of the first filling matrix and the second filling matrix are lower than the height of the filling cell.

4. The farmland drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom cushion layer is made of a three-dimensional mesh material, and the separation layer is made of a single-layer honeycomb material.

5. The farmland drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first filling matrix includes one or more of the following materials: zeolite, volcanic rock, ceramsite, and glass pumice.

6. The farmland drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal filling unit further comprises a mesh bag, the mesh bag is filled with the first filling matrix, the mesh bag is made of a mesh material, the mesh aperture of the mesh bag is smaller than the particle diameter of the first filling matrix, and the mesh bag is filled in the filling grid; The internal filling unit further comprises a protective layer, which is arranged on the top of the first filling matrix and is made of a mesh material.

7. The farmland drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second filling matrix is ​​soil, and the aquatic plant is evergreen iris or pennywort.

8. The farmland drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The number of the ecological purification sections is multiple, and the ecological purification sections are arranged along the length direction of the hard drainage channel, and there is a gap between two adjacent ecological purification sections.

9. The farmland drainage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length ratio of each ecological purification section to the hard drainage channel is in the range of 10% to 15%, and the length ratio of the sum of all ecological purification sections to the hard drainage channel is in the range of 20% to 30%.

10. A method for reconstructing a farmland hard drainage channel, characterized in that: The steps include: Laying a bottom lining layer on the bottom wall and side walls of the hard drainage channel, and setting a separation layer in the hard drainage channel, and using the separation layer and the bottom lining layer to cooperate to construct a filling grid; A first filling matrix and a second filling matrix are filled in the filling grid, the first filling matrix is ​​used to adsorb and purify farmland drainage, and aquatic plants are planted on the second filling matrix.

Images